نور

1 نَارَ intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ: see the latter, in two places.

A2: نَارُوا النَّارَ: see 5.

A3: نُرْتُ البَعِيرَ (tropical:) I made a mark upon the camel with a hot iron. (M, K.) See نَارٌ.2 نوّر, intrans., in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4, in two places. b2: نوّر بِالفَجْرِ, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (Msb,) He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn had become light (Mgh, Msb:) (tropical:) or when the horizon had become bright: (TA:) تَنْوِيرُ الفَجْرِ, without بِ is an amplification. (Mgh.) تَنْوِيرٌ as a subst. from this verb, see below.

A2: نوّر, trans. in the sense of أَنَارَ, from النُّورُ: see 4. in three places.

A3: نوّر, (S, A, Msb, K.) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (S, K,) It (a tree. S, A, Msb, K, and a plant, Msb) blossomed, or flowered it put forth its نَوْر; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَنَارَ, (S, Msb, K,) originally أَنْوَرَ, (TA,) See also 4. b2: It (seed-produce) attained to maturity: (K:) [see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سمو, conj. 3:] تَنْوِيرٌ, the inf. n. of the verb in this sense, has a pl. تَنَاوِيرُ. (TA.) A4: نوّرهُ He smeared him or it with نُورَة. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: نوّر ذِرَاعَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ, (TA,) He pricked his fore-arm with a needle, and then sprinkled نَوُور, [q. v.] upon it. (S, K.) 4 انار, (inf. n. إِنَارَةٌ, Msb,) It (a thing) (S, Msb) gave light; or shone; or shone brightly; (S, A, * Msb, K; *) as also ↓ نوّر, (Lh, S, * A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَنْوِيرٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ استنار; (S, A, Msb, K;) and ↓ نَارَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. نَوْرٌ, (K, TA,) or نُورٌ, (as in a copy of the A,) or نِيَارٌ: (Msb;) and ↓ تنوّر: (K:) نوّر (S, * Mgh, Msb, K) and انار (Mgh, Msb) and استنار, (Msb,) said of the dawn, signify as above; (Mgh, Msb;) or its light appeared. (S, * K) b2: [Hence,] الفِتْنَةُ ↓ نَارَتِ, aor. ـُ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happened and spread. (Msb.) b3: [Hence also,] انار and أَنْوَرَ, (K.) the latter being the original form; said of a plant; (TA;) It became beautiful: and it became apparent. (K, TA.) And أَنْوَرَتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree became beautiful in its verdure: or, as some say, put forth its blossoms or flowers. (TA.) See also 2.

A2: انار and ↓ نوّر He made to give light; to shine; or to shine brightly. (Msb.) ↓ التَّنْوِيرُ and الإِنَارَةُ signify the same. (S.) You say, انار السِّرَاجَ, and ↓ نوّرهُ, (A,) and المِصْبَاحَ ↓ نوّر, (Msb,) He made the lamp to give light; or to become bright. (Msb.) b2: انار المَكَانَ He illumined, or lighted, the place; (K;) i. e., put light [or a light] in it. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] انارهُ (tropical:) He elucidated it; rendered it apparent or plainly apparent, conspicuous, manifest, or evident; (TA;) as also ↓ نورّهُ. (A, TA. *) b4: And hence, انار اللّٰهُ بُرْهَانَهُ (tropical:) God taught him, or dictated to him, his proof. (TA.) 5 see 4, first signification.

A3: تنورّوا النَّارَ مِنْ بِعِيدٍ, (S, K,) and ↓ نَارُوهَا, (K,) They looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it (تَبَصَّرُوهَا,) from afar: (S, K:) or تنوّر النَّارَ he looked at the fire, or endeavoured to see it, (تَبَصَّرَهَا) and repaired towards it: (A:) or he came to the fire: it has this signification as well as the first. (TA.) b2: تنوّر الرَّجُلَ, and المَرْأَةَ, He looked at the man, and the woman, at or by a fire, from a place where the latter did not see him; he stood in the dark to see the man, and the woman, by the light of the latter's fire, without the latter's seeing him; تَنَوُّرٌ being like تَضَوُّؤٌ. (TA.) A4: See also 8.8 انتار, (Th, T, S, M, K,) imp. إِنْتَرْ; (T;) and إِنْتَوَرَ, (T, K,) imp. إِنْتَوِرْ; (T;) and ↓ تنوّر; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) or only انتار and انتور; not تنوّر; (T;) or some say انتار; [implying that most say تنوّر;] (S;) He smeared himself with نُورَة [which is differently explained in the lexicons, so that these verbs are made to bear different meanings by different lexicons]. (Th, T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) 10 إِسْتَنْوَرَ see 4, first signification.

A2: استنار بِهِ He sought the aid of its light: (TA:) or of its rays. (M, K.) نَارٌ a word of which the meaning is well known; (M, K;) [Fire; not well explained as signifying] the flaming, or blazing, (لَهِيب,) that is apparent to the sense: (TA:) its ا is originally نُوَيْرَةٌ: (S, TA:) it is fem.: (S, M, Msb:) and sometimes masc.: (AHn, M, K:) and the dim. is أَنْوَارٌ, with و because it is the original medial radical, (S,) and with ة because نار is fem.: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْوُرٌ, (S, M, L,) in the K أَنْوَارٌ, [which is a mistake, though this is also said to be a pl. of نار,] (TA,) and [of mult.] نِيرَانٌ [which is the most common form] (S, M, K) and نُورٌ (AAF, S, M, Msb, K) and نِيَرَةٌ and نِيَارٌ, (M, K,) and أَنْيَارٌ also occurs, in the phrase نَارُ الأَنْيَارِ, in a trad. respecting the prison of hell; this phrase, if correctly related, perhaps meaning نَارُ النِّيِرَانِ, and انيار being originally أَنْوَار. (IAth.) النَّارُ is also applied to The fire of hell. (TA:) The Arabs say, in cursing their enemies, أَبْعَدَ اللّٰهُ دَارَهُمْ وَأَوْقَدَ نَارًا أَثَرَهُمْ [May God make their abode distant, and kindle a fire after them!] And it was a custom of Arab women, as related by IAar, on the authority of El-'Okeyleeyeh, when they feared evil from a man, and he removed from them, to kindle a fire behind him, with the view of causing his evil to depart with him. (T.) b2: نَارُ الْمُهَوِّلِ A fire which the Arabs used to kindle, in the time of ignorance, on the occasion of entering into a confederacy: they threw into it some salt, which crackled (يُفَقِّعُ) when the fire burned it: with this they frightened [one another] in confirmation of the swearing. (T.) b3: نَارُ الحُبَاحِبِ has been explained in art. حب. b4: نَارٌ also signifies simply Heat. (TA.) b5: Also, (tropical:) [The fire, meaning] the evil, and excitement, or rage, or war; as also ↓ نَائِرَةٌ. (TA.) Yousay, أَوْقَدَ نَارَ الحَرْبِ (tropical:) [He kindled the fire of war]. (A.) b6: Also, (tropical:) Opinion; counsel; advice. (IAar, T, K.) So in the trad., لَا تَسْتَضِيؤُوا بِنَارِ المُشْرِكِينَ, (T,) or بنار أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ, (K,) (tropical:) [Seek ye not to enlighten yourselves by the counsel of the polytheists; i. e.,] seek ye not counsel of the polytheists. (IAar, T, A. *) b7: Also, (tropical:) Any brand, or mark, made with a hot iron, upon a camel; (As, T, S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ نُورَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ نُورٌ: (TA:) pl. as above: (M:) or the pl. is نِيَارٌ, and the pl. of the نار that burns is نِيرَانٌ. (IAar, Th, T.) The Arabs say, مَا نَارُ هٰذِهِ النَّاقَةِ (tropical:) What is the brand, or mark, of this she-camel, with which she is burned? (T, S, A. *) And they say, in a proverb, بِجَارُهَا نَارُهَا (T, S) Their origin is indicated by their mark with which they are burned. (T.) The Rájiz says, حَتَّى سَقَوْا آبَالَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ وَالنَّارُ قَدْ تَشْفِى مِنَ الأُوَارِ [Until, or so that, they watered their camels because of the brand that they bore: for the fire, or the brand, sometimes cures of the heat of thirst]: (T, S: *) he means, that, when they saw their marks with which they were burned, they left the water to them. (S. For another reading of this verse, see بِ.) See also نَجْرٌ.

نَوْرٌ Blossoms, or flowers, (M, Msb, K,) of a tree, and of a plant: (Msb:) or white blossoms or flowers; the yellow being called زَهْرٌ; (M, K;) for they become white, and then become yellow: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَةٌ and ↓ نُوَّارٌ signify the same as نَوْرٌ: (M, K:) or [rather] نَوْرٌ and نُوَّارٌ signify the same; (S, Msb;) [but the former is often used as a generic n., signifying a kind of blossom or flower: though both are coll. gen. ns.;] and نَوْرَةٌ is the n. un. of نَوْرٌ, like as تَمْرَةٌ is of تَمْرٌ; (Msb;) and نُوَّارَةٌ is the n. un. of نُوَّارٌ: (S, M, L:) and the pl. of نَوْرٌ is أَنْوَارٌ. (M, Msb, K.) نُورٌ Light; syn. ضِيَآءٌ, (S,) or ضَوْءٌ; (M, A, Msb, K;) whatever it be; (M, A, K;) contr. of ظُلْمَةٌ: (Msb:) or the rays thereof: (M, A, K:) accord to Z, ضِيَآءٌ [with which ضَوْءٌ is syn.] is more intense than نُورٌ: in the Kur, x. 5, the sun is termed ضياء, and the moon نور: and it is said that ضياء is essential, but نور is accidental [light]: (TA:) it is of two kinds, the light of the present world and that of the world to come; and the former is either perceived sensibly, by the eye, and this is what diffuses itself from luminous bodies, as the sun and moon and stars, and is mentioned in the Kur, 10. 5, referred to above; or perceived by the eye of the intellect, and this is what diffuses itself of the divine lights, as the light of reason and the light of the Kur-án; of which divine light mention is made in the Kur, 5., former part of verse 15, and 24., latter part of verse 35; and both of these in common are spoken of in the Kur, 6. 1 and 39. 69: that of the world to come is mentioned in the Kur in lvii. 12 [and lxvi. 8]: (B:) the pl. is أَنْوَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and نِيرَانٌ; (M, K;) the latter mentioned by Th: (M:) and ↓ نَوْرَانيَّةٌ signifies the same as نُورٌ. (TA.) As نور is a convenience of the pious in the present world and the world to come, it is said in the Kur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ [Wait ye for us that we may take of your light]. (B.) [See also ظُلَمْةٌ.] b2: It is also applied to Mohammad: (T, M, K:) it is said by Aboo-Is-hak to be so applied in the Kur, v. 18. (T.) b3: And That which manifests things, (K, TA,) and shows to the eyes their true or real state: and therefore النُّور is applied in the Kur, vii.

156, to (tropical:) that [revelation] which the Prophet brought. (TA.) b4: النُّورُ is also one of the names of God; meaning, accord. to IAth, He by whose light the obscure in perception sees, and by whose guidance the erring is directed aright: or the Manifest, by whom is every manifestation. And أَللّٰهُ نُورُ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ [in the Kur, xxiv. 35,] means God is the enlightener of the heavens and of the earth: like as فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا means مُغِيثُنَا: (TA:) or, as some say, the right director of the inhabitants of the heavens and of the inhabitants of the earth. (T.) b5: See also نَارٌ, last signification.

نَوْرَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نُورَةٌ: see نَارٌ, last signification.

A2: I. q. هِنَآءٌ [a word well known to mean Tar, or liquid pitch, or a kind thereof; but I do not know this signification as applying to نُورَةٌ, nor, app., did SM, for he has made it to be the same with that which here next follows, from the T]. (M, K:) or a kind of stone burned and made into كِلْس [or quick-lime] and used as a depilatory for the pubes: (T:) or lime-stone; syn. حَجَرُ الكِلْسِ: and by a secondary and predominant application, a mixture of quick lime (كلس) with arsenic, or orpiment, (زِرْنِيخ,) and other things, used for removing hair: (Msb:) [a depilatory composed of quick lime with a small proportion (about an eighth part) of orpiment: it is made into a paste with water, before application; and loosens the hair in about two minutes; after which it is immediately washed off: thus made in the present day:] some say that it is an Arabic word; and others, that it is arabicized. (Msb) See 8.

نَوْرَانِيَّةٌ: see نُورٌ.

نَيِّرٌ Giving light, shining, bright, or shining brightly; (A, Msb;) as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ مُسْتَنِيرٌ (A) [and ↓ نَائِرٌ.] b2: Beautiful in colour, and bright; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ and ↓ أَنْوَرُ: (TA:) or the last signifies [simply] beautiful; (K;) or conspicuous and beautiful. (TA.) It is said of Mohammad.

كَانَ أَنْوَرَ ↓ المُتَجَرَّدِ: He was beautiful and bright in the colour [of what was unclad] of his body. (TA.) نَوُورٌ, (S, Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or نَؤُورٌ, (T, M, and so in some copies of the K,) or both, the former being the original form, (S, TA,) i. q. نِيلَجٌ [i. e. Indigo-pigment]; (S, K;) or نِيلَنْجٌ; [which appears from what follows to be the right reading, though both نيلج and نيلنج are used in the present day for the purpose described in explanations of نوور, to give a greenish colour to the marks made in tatooing;] (Msb;) i. e., (so accord. to the S and Msb; but in the K, and) the smoke [meaning the smokeblack] of fat, (IAar, T, S, M, Msb, K,) that adheres to the طَسْت, (IAar, T,) with which the punctures made in tatooing are dressed, (S, Msb,) or filled in, (M,) that they may become green; (S, Msb;) or with which the women of the Arabs of the time of ignorance tattooed themselves: (T:) i. q. غُنْجٌ [q v.]; (IAar, T:) or, accord. to to Lth, the smoke [or smoke-black] of the wick, used as a collyrium or for tatooing; but, [says Az,] I have not heard that the women of the Arabs used this as a collyrium in the time of ignorance nor in the time of El-Islám; their using it for tatooing, however, is mentioned in their poems: (T:) or lamp-black; the black pigment (نِقْس) prepared from the smoke of the lamp; used for tattooing. (Comm. on the Mo'allakát, printed at Calcutta, p. 143.) b2: Also, A kind of small stone, resembling إِثْمِد, which is bruised, or brayed, and then taken up, like as medicine is by the lip. (M.) [The same is found in the K, excepting that, in this latter lexicon, the explanation is less full, and اللِّثَةُ is substituted for الشَّفَةُ, the reading in the M.

نُوَّارٌ and نُوَّارَةٌ: see نَوْرٌ.

نَائِرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ. b2: (tropical:) Apparent or plainly apparent. conspicuous, manifest, or evident; as also ↓ مُنِيرٌ. (Thus the pl. fem. of each of these is explained in the TA.) b3: فِتْنَةٌ نَائِرَةٌ Sedition, or discord, or the like, happening and spreading. (Msb.) b4: And نَائِرَةٌ alone, Sedition, or discord, or the like: (Msb:) or sedition, or discord, or the like, happening: (TA:) and rancour, malevolence, or spite. (T:) enmity, or hostility, (T, S, A, Msb,) and violent hatred. (S, A, Msb.) See also نَارٌ.

You say, سَعَيْتُ فِى إِطْفَآءِ النَّائِرَةِ I laboured in stilling the sedition, or discord, or the like. (Msb.) And بَيْنَهُمْ نَائِرَةٌ Between them is enmity, or hatred, and violent hatred. (A, Msb.) A2: One who occasions evils among men. (T.) انْوَرُ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: ذَا أَنْورُ مِنْ ذَاكَ [This is lighter, or brighter, than that], (TA.) تَنْوِيرٌ The time when the dawn shines, or becomes light. (T, Mgh.) You say, صَلَّى الفَجْرَ فِى التَّنْوِيرِ He performed the prayer of daybreak when the dawn shone, or became light. (Mgh.) See also 2.

مَنَارٌ [originally مَنْوَرٌ] A place of light; as also ↓ مَنَارَةٌ. (M. K.) b2: A sign, or mark, set up to show the way: (As, T, S, M, K:) and a thing that is put as a limit or boundary between two things; (M, K;) or between two lands, (As, T,) made of mud or clay or of earth: (As, TA:) pl. مَنَاثِرُ [respecting which see مَنَارَةٌ]. (A.) It is [also used as a coll. gen. n.; as, for instance, where it is] said, in a trad., لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ مَنْ غَيَّرَ مَنَارَ الأَرْضِ May God curse him who alters the marks of the limit between two lands: (T, TA:) or it may mean مَنَارَ الحَرَمِ the boundary-marks of the Haram [or sacred territory of Mekkeh], which [it is said] were set up by Abraham. (T, TA. *) And it is said in another trad, إِنَّ لِلْإِسْلَامِ صُوًى

وَمَنَارًا (tropical:) Verily there are to El-Islám signs and ordinances whereby it is known. (TA.) b3: See also صَوْمَعَةٌ. b4: The middle, or main part and middle, or part along which one travels, (مَحَجَّة,) of a road. (M, K.) مُنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ, in two places. b2: See also نَائِرٌ.

مَنَارَةٌ, originally مَنْوَرَةٌ; (A, K;) see مَنَارٌ. b2: A stand for a lamp; a thing upon which a lamp is put: (T, S, M, A, K;) of the measure مَفْعَلَةٌ.

with fet-h (S, Msb) to the م; (S:) but by rule it should be with kesr, because it is an instrument (Msb.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb uses it, for the sake of metre, in the place of مِصْبَاح, in likening a bright spear-head, without rust, to a lamp. (M.) b3: Also, A candle having a سِرَاج [or lighted wick]. (T.) b4: [A pharos, or lighthouse.] b5: The mená reh [or turret of a mosque, whence the English term “ minaret,” so written in imitation of the Turkish pronunciation,] upon which the time of prayer is proclaimed; (S, Msb:) syn. مِئْذَنَةٌ, (K, TA,) vulgarly مَأَذَنَةٌ [which is the form given in the CK]. (TA.) b6: [Any pillar-like structure. (See زُرْنُوقٌ.) b7: The perch of a hawk, or falcon. (See مَرْبَأٌ.)] b8: The pl. is مَنَاوِرُ and مَنَائِرُ: he who uses the latter likens the radical letter to the augmentative; (S, Msb, K;) like as they say مَصَائِبُ, which is originally مَصَاوِبُ (S, Msb.) مُسْتَنِيرٌ: see نَيِّرٌ.

قدر

1 قَدَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ and قَدُرَ, [or the former only accord. to the Mgh., as will be seen by what follows,] inf. n. قَدْرٌ, (S, Msb,) is from التَّقْدِيرُ, (S,) [or] it signifies the same as قدّرتُ ↓ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. تَقْدِيرٌ: (Msb:) [which latter phrase is afterwards mentioned in the S, but unexplained: the meaning is, I measured the thing; computed, or determined, its quantity, measure, size, bulk, proportion, extent, amount, sum, limit or limits, or number:] الشَّىْءَ ↓ قدّر signifies he computed, or determined, or computed by conjecture, the quantity, measure, size, bulk, proportion, extent, amount, sum, or number, of the thing, (حَزَرَهُ,) in order that he might know how much it was. (IKtt.) It is said in a trad., إِذَا غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمُ الهِلَالُ فَاقْدِرُوا لَهُ, and فَاقْدُرُوا; (S, Msb; *) or إِنْ غْمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدِرُوا, with kesr to the د; (Mgh, Msb; *) for فَاقْدُرُوا, with damm, is wrong; (Mgh;) and Ks. say, that you say قَدَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـْ with kesr, and that he had not heard any other aor. : (TA:) the meaning of the trad. is, [When the new moon (of Ramadán) is hidden from you by a cloud or mist, or if it be so hidden,] compute ye (↓ قَدِّرُوا) the number of the days to it, (Mgh, Msb,) and so complete Shaabán, making it thirty days: (S, * Mgh, * Msb:) or, as some say, compute ye (قَدِّرُوا) the mansions of the moon, and its course in them [to it, i. e., to the new moon]. (Msb.) See also 5. b2: [Hence, app., the saying,] أُقْدُرْ بِذَرْعِكَ بَيْنَنَا See thou and know thy rank, or estimation, among us. (AO.) b3: Hence also,] مَا قَدَرُوا اللّٰهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ [Kur., vi. 91, and other places, meaning, And they have not estimated God with the estimation that is due to Him: or] and they have not magnified, or honoured, God, with the magnifying, or honouring, that is due to Him: (S, K:) for قَدْرٌ signifies [also] a magnifying, or honouring: (K:) or have not assigned to God the attributes that are due to Him: (Lth:) or have not known what God is in reality. (El-Basáïr.) b4: قَدَرَ الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ, aor. ـِ and]

قَدُرَ, (L,) inf. n. قَدْرٌ; (L, K;) and به ↓ قدّرهُ; (L;) He measured the thing by the thing: (L, K: *) and عَلَى مِثَالِهِ ↓ قدّرهُ he measured it by its measure: (S, K, art. قيس:) and بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ ↓ قدّر he measured, or compared, the two things, or cases, together; syn. قَايَسَ; (K, art. قيس;) and so بَيْنَهُمَا ↓ قَادَرَ. (L, art. قيس.) b5: [Hence, app.,] قَدَرَ الأَمْرَ, (L, K,) and إِلَى الأَمْرِ, (L,) aor. ـِ (L, K,) and قَدُرَ, (L,) inf. n. قَدْرٌ; (L, K;) [and ↓ قدّرهُ;] He thought upon the thing, or affair, (L,) and considered its end, issue, or result, (L, K,) and measured, or compared, one part of it with another; (L;) he measured it, compared one part of it with another, considered it, and thought upon it. (L.) See also 2. b6: قَدَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ الثَّوْبَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. قَدْرٌ, (S,) I made the garment according to his measure; adapted it to his measure: (S, K: *) [and قَدَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ app. signifies I made the thing according to his, or its, measure; proportioned, or adapted, the thing to him, or it; for وصفته, by which it is explained in the TA, seems to be, as IbrD thinks, a mistake for وَضَعْتُهُ:] and الشَّىْءَ ↓ قدّر signifies, in like manner, he made the thing by measure, or according to a measure; or proportioned it; syn. جَعَلَهُ بِقَدَرٍ: (IKtt:) the primary meaning of ↓ تَقْدِيرٌ is the making a thing according to the measure of another thing. (Bd-xv. 60.) b7: [Hence,] قَدَرَ اللّٰهُ ذٰلِكَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـِ and قَدُرَ, inf. n. قَدْرٌ and قَدَرٌ, (K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Lh, Msb,) and مَقْدَرَةٌ; (S [unless this be a simple subst.];) and عليه ↓ قدّرهُ, (K,) [which is more common,] inf. n. تَقْدِيرٌ; (TA;) and لَهُ; (K;) [God decreed, appointed, ordained, or decided, that against him; and for him, or to him; accord. to an explanation of قَدَرٌ in the K: or decreed, &c., that against him; and for him, or to him; adapting it to his particular case; accord. to an explanation of قَدَرٌ by Lth, and of قَدْرٌ and قَدَرٌ in the S, and of قَدَرٌ in the Msb: see قَدْرٌ, below.] You say also قَدَرَ اللّٰهُ لَهُ بِخَيْرٍ [God decreed, &c., for him, good]. (K.) b8: Also, قَدَرَ, (K,) aor. ـِ and قَدُرَ, inf. n. قَدْرٌ, (TA,) He [God] distributed, divided, or apportioned, [as though by measure,] sustenance, or the means of subsistence. (K, TA. In the CK, the verb is قَدَّرَ.) Hence, say some, the appellation of لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ, [in the Kur, ch. xcvii.,) as being The night wherein the means of subsistence are apportioned. (TA.) See also قَدْرٌ, below. b9: Also, aor. ـِ and قَدُرَ, but the former is that which is adopted by the seven readers [of the Kur-án], and is the more chaste, (Msb,) He (God) straitened, or rendered scanty, [as though He measured and limited,] the means of subsistence: (Bd, xiii. 26, and other places; and Msb:) and قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ, [see Kur, lxv. 7,] inf. n. قَدْرٌ, his means of subsistence were straitened to him; like قُتِرَ. (S, TA.) You say قَدَرُ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ and قَدُرَ, (Lh, TA,) inf. n. قَدْرٌ (K,) and قَدَرٌ and قُدْرَةٌ; (Lh, TA;) and ↓ قدّر, inf. n. تَقْدِيرٌ; (K;) He rendered the thing strait, or distressing, to him. (Lh, K, * TA.) And قَدَرَ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ He scanted his household; or was niggardly or parsimonious towards them, in expenditure; like قَتَرَ. (S.) It is said in the Kur, [xxi. 87,] فَظَنَّ أَنْ لَنْ نَقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ And he thought that we would not straiten him: (Fr, AHeyth:) or the meaning is, لَنْ نُقَدِّرَ عَلَيْهِ مَا قَدَّرْنَا مِنْ كَوْنِهِ فِى بَطْنِ الحُوتِ, for نَقْدِر is syn. with نُقَدِّر; (Zj;) and this is correct; i. e., we would not decree against him what we decreed, of the straitness [that should befall him] in the belly of the fish: it cannot be from القُدْرَةُ [meaning power, or ability]; for he who thinks this is an unbeliever. (Az, TA.) b10: Also, قَدَرَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَدَارَهٌ; (K;) and ↓ قدّرهُ; (TA;) He prepared it. (K, TA.) b11: And the former, He assigned, or appointed, a particular time for it. (K.) A2: قَدَرْتُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K) and قَدُرَ, (Ks, K,) but the former is that which is commonly known, (TA,) inf. n. قُدْرَةٌ and قِدْرَانٌ, (S, K,) with kesr, (K,) but the latter is written in a copy of the T, قَدَرَانٌ, (TA,) [and in one copy of the S قُدْرَانٌ,] and قَدْرٌ (Ks, Fr, Akh, K) and مَقْدُرَةٌ and مَقْدَرَهٌ and مَقْدِرَهٌ (S, K) and مِقْدَارٌ (K) and مَقْدَرٌ (TA) and قَدَارٌ (Sgh, K) and قِدَارٌ; (Lh, K;) and قَدِرْتُ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـَ (S, K, *) a form of weak authority, mentioned by Yaakoob, (S,) and by Sgh from Th, and said by IKtt, to be of the dial. of Benoo-Murrah, of Ghatafán, (TA,) inf. n. قَدَرٌ (Ks, Fr, Akh, K) and قَدَارَةٌ and قُدُورَهٌ and قُدُورٌ, (K, TA,) these four are of قَدِرَ; (TA;) and all that are here mentioned as from the K, are inf. ns.; (TK;) and عليه ↓ اقتدرت; (S, K, * TA;) or this has a stronger signification; (IAth;) I had power, or ability, to do, effect, accomplish, achieve, attain, or compass, &c., the thing; I was able to do it, I was able to prevail against it. (Msb, K, * TA.) You say مَا لِى عَلَيْكَ مَقْدُورَةٌ, and مَقْدَرَةٌ, and مَقْدِرَةٌ, i. e. قُدْرَةٌ, [I have not power over thee.] (S.) And in like manner, المَقْدُورَةُ تُذْهِبُ الحَفِيظَةَ [Power drives away that care which one has of what is sacred, or inviolable, or of religion, to avoid suspicion]. (S.) b2: See also قُدْرَةٌ, below.

A3: قَدَرَ and ↓ اقتدر are like طَبَخَ and إِطَّبَخَ [meaning He cooked, and he cooked for himself, in a قِدْر, or cooking-pot]. (S, TA.) You say قَدَرَ القِدْرَ, (K, * TA,) aor. ـُ and قَدِرَ, inf. n. قَدْرٌ, (K,) He cooked [the contents of] the cooking-pot. (K, * TA.) And أَمَرَنِى أَنْ أَقْدُرَ لَحْمًا He ordered me to cook a cooking-pot of flesh-meat. (TA, from a trad.) And أَتَقْتَدِرُونَ ↓ أَمْ تَشْتَوُونَ Do ye cook [for yourselves] in a cooking-pot, or roast? (S.) 2 قدّر, inf. n. تَقْدِيرٌ: see 1, in most of its senses. b2: He meditated, considered, or exercised thought in arranging and preparing, a thing or an affair; (T, K, * El-Basáïr;) either making use of his reason, and building thereon; the doing of which is praiseworthy; or according to his desire or appetite; as in the Kur, lxxiv. 18 and 19; the doing of which is blameable; (ElBasáïr;) or by means of marks, whereby to cut it. (T.) b3: He intended a thing or an affair; he determined upon it. (T.) [Said of God, He decreed, appointed, ordained, destined, predestined, or predetermined a thing.] b4: [Hence, app., قدّر كَذَا, in grammar, He meant, or held, or made, such a thing to be supplied, or understood. You say تَقْدِيرُهُ كَذَا Its (a phrase's) implied, or virtual, meaning, or meaning by implication, is thus. And يُقَدَّرُ بِكَذَا Its implied meaning is to be expressed by saying thus. and تَقْدِيرًا is said in the sense of implicatively, or virtually, as opposed to لَفْظًا or literally. b5: and He supposed such a thing.] b6: He made; syn. جَعَلَ and صَنَعَ. Ex., in the Kur, [xli. 9,] وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَا أَقْوَاتَهَا And He made therein its foods, or aliments. And it is said in the Kur, [x. 5,] وَقَدَّرَهُ مَنَازِلَ And hath made for it [the moon] mansions. (TA.) b7: He knew. So in the Kur, xv. 60; and lxxiii. 20, according to the Basáïr. (TA.) A2: قدّرهُ, inf. n. تَقْدِيرٌ, He asserted him to be, or named him, or called him, a قَدَرِىّ: (Fr, Sgh, K:) but this is post-classical. (TA.) A3: قدّرهُ, (Msb,) or ↓ اقدرهُ, (K,) [the latter of which is the more common,] He empowered him; enabled him; rendered him able. (Msb, K.) You say اقدرهُ اللّٰهُ عَلَى كَذَا God empowered him, enabled him, or rendered him able, to do such a thing. (K, * TA.) 3 قادر بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ: see 1. b2: قَادَرْتُهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُقَادَرَةٌ, (TA,) I measured myself, or my abilities, with him, or his, (قَايَسْتُهُ,) and did as he did: (K:) or I vied, or contended, with him in power, or strength. (A, TA.) 4 أَقْدَرَ see 2.5 تَقَدَّرَ see 7. b2: كَانَ يَتَقَدَّرُ فِى مَرَضِهِ أَيْنَ أَنَا اليَوْمَ [He (Mohammad) used to compute, or reckon, in his mind, in his disease, Where am I to-day?] i. e., he used to compute, or reckon, (يُقَدِّرُ,) [in his disease,] the days of his wives, when it was his turn to visit each of them. (TA, from a trad.) See also 1. b3: تقدّر It (a thing, S,) became prepared, (S, K,) لَهُ for him. (S.) 7 انقدر (S, K) and ↓ تقدّر (A) It (a garment) agreed with, or was according to, the measure (S, A, K.) You say تقدّر الثَّوْبُ عَلَيْهِ The garment agreed with, or was according to, his measure. (A.) 8 اقتدرهُ He made it of middling size; expl. by جَعَلَهُ قَدْرًا. (JK, TA. [In the latter, the explanation is without any syll. signs; but in the former I find it fully pointed, and immediately followed by شَىْءٌ مُقْتَدَرٌ, thus pointed, and explained as signifying “ a thing of middling size, whether in length or tallness or in width or breadth. ”]) A2: See also 1, last two significations.10 استقدر اللّٰهَ خَيْرًا He begged God to decree, appoint, ordain, or decide, for him good. (S, K.) A2: أَلّٰهُمَّ إِنِّى أَسْتَقْدِرُكَ بِقُدْرَتِكَ O God, I beg Thee to give me power to do it, by Thy power. (TA, from a trad.) قَدْرٌ The quantity, quantum, measure, magnitude, size, bulk, proportion, extent, space, amount, sum, or number attained, of a thing; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ قَدَرٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ قُدْرٌ (Fr, Sgh, K) and ↓ مِقْدَارٌ. (Msb, K.) You say هٰذَا قَدْرُ هٰذَا, and ↓ قَدَرُهُ, This is the like of this [in quantity, &c.; is commensurate with, or proportionate to, this; and so هذا ↓ هذا بِمِقْدَارِ]. (Msb.) And هُمْ قَدْرُ مِائةٍ, and مائة ↓ قَدَرُ, They are as many as a hundred. (Z, Msb.) And أَخَذَ بِقَدْرِ حَقِّهِ, and ↓ بِقَدَرِهِ, and ↓ بِمِقْدَارِهِ, He took as much as his due, or right. And قَرَأَ بِقَدْرِ الفَاتِحَةِ, and ↓ بِقَدَرِهَا, and ↓ بِمِقْدَارِهَا, He read as much as the Fátihah. (Msb.) and أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ قَدْرَ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا I remained at his abode long enough for him to do thus. (Meyd, TA.) But you say ↓ جَآءَ عَلَى قَدَرٍ, thus only, with fet-h [to the dál, as is shown by what precedes in the Msb,] as meaning [It came according to measure; i. e.,] it was conformable; it matched; it suited. (Msb.) You say also جَاوَزَ قَدْرَهُ or ↓ قَدَرَهُ [He overstepped, transgressed, went beyond, or exceeded, his proper measure, bound, or limit: and the same is said of a thing]. (L, art. عند; &c.) And فَرَسَ بَعِيدُ القَدْرِ A horse that takes long, or wide, steps. (JK, TA.) [And هٰذَا قَدْرِى This is sufficient for me.] b2: [Hence, Estimation, value, worth, account, rank, quality, or degree of dignity;] greatness, majesty, honourableness, nobleness; (Msb, * TA;) gravity of character; (Msb;) as also ↓ قَدَرٌ. (Msb.) You say مَا لَهُ عِنْدِى قَدْرٌ, and ↓ قَدَرٌ, He has no honourableness, or gravity of character, in my opinion. (Msb.) In the words of the Kur, [vi. 91,] وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللّٰهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ, [for explanations of which see 1,] we may also correctly read ↓ قَدَرِهِ. (TA.) A2: قَدْرٌ and ↓ قَدَرٌ, (S,) [the latter of which is the more common,] or قَدَرٌ (JK, Msb, K) alone, (Msb,) or both, and ↓ مِقْدَارٌ and ↓ تَقْدِيرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ مَقْدَرَة, with fet-h only [to the د], (S,) Decree, appointment, ordinance, or destiny: or what is decreed, appointed, &c.: syn. قَضَآءٌ and حُكْمٌ: (M, K:) or decree, &c., adapted [to a particular case], (Lth, JK, Az, TA,) by God; (S, Msb;) expl. by قَضَآءٌ مُوَفَّقٌ, (Lth, JK, &c.,) and مَا يُقَدِّرُهُ اللّٰهُ مِنَ القَضَآءِ, (S,) and القَضَآءُ الَّذِى

يُقَدِّرُهُ اللّٰهُ: (Msb:) [accord. to general usage, it differs from قَضَآءٌ; this latter signifying a general decree of God, as that every living being shall die; whereas ↓ قَدَرٌ signifies a particular decree of God, as that a certain man shall die at a particular time and place &c.; or particular predestination: thus القَضَآءُ وَالقَدَرُ may be rendered the general and particular decrees of God; or general and particular predestination or fate and destiny. The term قَدَرٌ is variously explained by different schools and sects: but its proper meaning seems to be that given above on the authority of Lth.] The pl. of ↓ قَدَرٌ is أَقْدَارٌ; (K, TA;) and of ↓ مَقَادِيرُ مِقْدَارٌ. (TA.) You say الأُمُورُ تَجْرِى

بِقَدَرِ اللّٰهِ, and ↓ بِمِقْدَارِهِ, &c., Events have their course by the decree, &c., of God. (TA.) It is said that لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ signifies The night of decree, &c. (TA. See also 1.) A3: قَدْرٌ (A, L, K) and ↓ قَدَرٌ (L) A camel's or horse's saddle of middling size; (A, L, K;) and in like manner ↓ قَادِرٌ, applied to a horse's saddle, between small and large; or this last signifies easy, that does not wound; like قَاتِرٌ: (T, TA:) and ↓ مُقْتَدَرٌ, (JK,) or ↓ مُقْتَدِرٌ, (K, but see 8,) a thing, (JK,) or anything, (M, K,) of middling size, (JK, M, K,) whether in length or tallness or in width or breadth: (JK:) مقتدرُ الخَلْقِ signifying a man, and a mountain-goat, and an antelope, of middling make: (M, TA:) and مقتدرُ الطُولِ a man of middling stature or tallness; (A, TA;) as also ↓ قُدَارٌ. (K.) and أُذُنٌ قَدْرَآءُ An ear neither small nor large. (Sgh, K.) A4: See also قُدْرَةٌ.

قُدْرٌ: see قَدْرٌ.

قِدْرٌ A cooking-pot; a vessel in which one cooks: (Msb:) [and it very often means the food contained therein; i. e. pottage of any kind: (see, for an ex., 3 in art. غلو:)] of the fem. gender (Msb, K, TA) without ة: (TA:) or it is made fem. (S, K) as well as masc., accord. to some: but he who asserts it to be made masc. is led into error by a saying of Th: AM observes, as to the saying of the Arabs, related by Th, مَا رَأَيْتُ قِدْرًا غَلَى أَسْرَعَ مِنْهَا [I have not seen a cooking-pot that has boiled quicker than it], قدر is not here meant to be made masc. but the meaning is, ما رأيت شَيْئًا غلى [I have not seen a thing that has boiled]; and similar to this is the saying in the Kur, [xxxiii. 52,] لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَآءُ, meaning, لا يحلّ لك شَىْءٌ مِنَ النِّسَآءِ: (TA:) the dim. is قُدَيْرٌ, without ة, contr. to analogy; (S, TA;) or قُدَيْرَةٌ, with ة, because قِدْرٌ is fem.; (Msb;) or both: (TA:) and the pl. is قُدُورٌ: (Msb, K:) it has no other pl. (TA.) [See a tropical ex. voce حامٍ.]

قَدَرٌ: see قَدْرٌ, throughout: (where its pl. is أَقْدَارٌ; K, * TA:) and قُدْرَةٌ: (in which sense also its pl. is as above; K.) b2: See also جَبْرٌ: and see مِقْدَارٌ. b3: Also, A time, or a place, of promise; an appointed time, or place; syn. مَوْعِدٌ. (TA.) [See Kur, xx. 42.]

قُدْرَةٌ and ↓ مَقْدُرَةٌ and ↓ مَقْدَرَةٌ and ↓ مَقْدِرَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ قَدْرٌ and ↓ قَدَرٌ (Ks, Fr, Akh, K) and ↓ قِدْرَانٌ (S, K) and مِقْدَارٌ (K) and ↓ مَقْدَرٌ (TA) and ↓ قَدَارٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ قِدَارٌ (Lh, K) and ↓ قَدَارَةٌ and ↓ قُدُورَةٌ and ↓ قُدُورٌ (K) Power; ability. (K.) See قَدَرْتُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ. b2: Hence, (TA,) the first and second and third and fourth (S, * Msb, * TA) and fifth, (K, TA,) or all excepting قَدَرٌ and مَقْدَرٌ, (TK,) [and there seems to be no reason for not adding these two,] Competence, or sufficiency; richness. (S, * Msb, * K.) You say رَجُلٌ ذُو قُدْرَةٍ, and ↓ مَقْدُورَةٍ, and ↓ مَقْدَرَةٍ, and ↓ مَقْدِرَة. A man possessing competence, or riches. (S, Msb, TA.) قَدَرَةٌ A certain interval, or distance, between every two palm-trees. (JK, Sgh, K.) You say نَخْلٌ غُرِسَ عَلَى القَدَرَةِ Palm-trees planted at the fixed distance, one from another. (JK, Sgh, K.) And كَمْ قَدَرَةُ نَخْلِكَ [What is the fixed distance of thy palm-trees, one from another?] (K.) أُذُنٌ قَدْرَآءُ: see قَدْرٌ, last signification.

A2: بَنُو قَدْرَآءَ Those possessing competence, or sufficiency; the rich. (K.) قِدْرَانٌ: see قُدْرَةٌ.

القَدَرِيَّةُ The sect of those who deny القَدَر as proceeding from God, (K, * TA,) and refer it to themselves. (TA.) [Opposed to الجَبَرِيَّةُ.]

قَدَارٌ: see قُدْرَةٌ.

قُدَارٌ: see قَدْرٌ, last signification.

A2: A cook: or one who slaughters camels or other animals; (S, K;) as being likened to a cook: (TA:) or one who slaughters camels, and cooks their flesh: (TA:) and one who cooks in a cooking-pot (قِدْر); as also ↓ مُقْتَدِرٌ. (K.) قِدَارٌ: see قُدْرَةٌ.

قُدُورٌ: see قُدْرَةٌ.

قَدِيرٌ: see قَادِرٌ.

A2: Flesh-meat cooked in a pot, with seeds to season it, such as pepper and cuminseeds and the like: (Lth, JK:) if without such seeds, it is called طَبِيخٌ: (Lth, TA:) or what is cooked in a قِدْر; (L, K:) as also ↓ قَادِرٌ: so in the K; but this seems to be a mistake, occasioned by a misunderstanding of the saying of Sgh [and others] that قَدِيرٌ is the same as قَادِرٌ: or perhaps the right reading of the passage in the K is وَالقَدِيرُ القَادِرُ وَمَا يُطْبَخُ فِى القِدْرِ; and it has been corrupted by copyists:) (TA:) [but this is improbable, as the passage, if thus, would be in part a repetition:] also cooked broth; (L;) and so ↓ مَقْدُورٌ. (JK, L.) قَدَارَةٌ: see قُدْرَةٌ.

قُدُورَةٌ: see قُدْرَةٌ.

قَادِرٌ, applied to God, i. q. ↓ مُقَدِّرٌ [Decreeing, appointing, ordaining, deciding]; (S;) and ↓ قَدِيرٌ may signify the same. (TA.) A2: See also قَدْرٌ, last signification.

A3: Possessing power, or ability; as also ↓ قَدِيرٌ, (K,) and ↓ مُقْتَدِرٌ: (TA:) or قَدِيرٌ has an intensive signification, and مُقْتَدِرٌ still more so: (IAth:) or ↓ قَدِيرٌ signifies he who does what he will, according to what wisdom requires, not more nor less; and therefore this epithet is applied to none but God; and مُقْتَدِرٌ signifies nearly the same, but is sometimes applied to a human being, and means one who applies himself, as to a task, to acquire power or ability. (El-Basáïr.) When you say اَللّٰهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ

قَدِيرٌ [God is able to do everything; is omnipotent;] you mean, to do everything that is possible. (Msb.) b2: بَيْنَ أَرْضِكَ وَأَرْضِ فُلَانٍ لَيْلَةٌ قَادِرَةٌ; (Yaakoob, S;) and بَيْنَنَا ليلية قادرة; (K;) Between thy land and the land of such a one is a gentle night's journey; (Yaakoob, S;) and between us is an easy night's journey, in which is no fatigue. (K.) A4: See also قَدِيرٌ.

تَقْدِيرٌ: see قَدْرٌ, and 2.

مَقْدَرٌ: see قُدْرَةٌ.

مُقَدِّرٌ: see قَادِرٌ.

مَقْدَرَةٌ and مَقْدُرَةٌ and مَقْدِرَةٌ: for the first, see قَدْرٌ: b2: and for all, see قُدْرَةٌ.

مِقْدَارٌ A measure; (JK, L;) a thing with which anything is measured; as also ↓ قَدَرٌ: (L:) a pattern (مِثَالٌ) by which a thing is measured, proportioned, or cut out. (T, art. مثل.) b2: See also قَدْرٌ, in six places. b3: Death. They say إِذَا بَلَغَ العَبْدُ المِقْدَارَ مَاتَ [When man reacheth the term of life, he dieth]. The pl. is مَقَادِيرُ. (TA.) A2: See also قُدْرَةٌ.

مَقْدُورٌ: see قَدِيرٌ.

مُقْتَدَرٌ: see قَدْرٌ, last signification.

مُقْتَدِرٌ: see قَدْرٌ, last signification.

A2: See also قَادِرٌ. b2: صَانِعٌ مُقْتَدِرٌ An artificer gentle in work. (A, TA.) A3: See also قُدَارٌ.

رجح

1 رَجَحَ, aor. ـَ and رَجُحَ (Msb, TA) and رَجِحَ, (TA,) inf. n. رُجُوحٌ (Msb, TA) and رَجَحَانٌ and رُجْحَانٌ, (TA,) or this last is a simple subst., (Msb,) It (a thing) exceeded another thing in weight; outweighed; preponderated. (Msb, TA. *) and رَجَحَ الميزَانُ, aor. ـَ (S, A, Msb, K) and رَجُحَ (S, Msb, K, but omitted in some copies of the S) and رَجِحَ, (S, K,) inf. n. رُجْحَانٌ (S, A, K) and رُجُوحٌ, (K,) [but see what is said of the former above,] The balance inclined; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. the scale, of the balance, in which was the thing weighed was heavier than the other; (Msb;) as also ↓ ترجّح. (MA.) And رَجَحَتْ إِحْدَى الكَفَّتَيْنِ عَلَى الأُخُرِى [One of the two scales outweighed the other]. (A.) b2: [Hence,] رَجَحَ أَحَدُ قَوْلَيْهِ عَلَى

الآخَرِ (tropical:) [One of his two sayings outweighed the other; surpassed, excelled, was preferable to, or of more force or validity than, the other]. (A.) b3: And رَجَحَ الشَّىْءُ The thing was, or became, heavy. (TA in art. رجحن [q. v.].) b4: [Hence,] رَجَحَ فِى مَجْلِسِهِ (tropical:) He was, or became, heavy, [i. e. dull, torpid, or drowsy,] not light, [i. e. not lively or sprightly,] in his sitting-place. (TA.) A2: It is also used transitively: one says, رَجَحْتُهُ [I outweighed him]. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] رَجَحَهُ (assumed tropical:) He surpassed him in gravity, staidness, sedateness, and forbearance, or clemency; was, or became, more grave, staid, sedate, and forbearing, or clement, (أَرْزَن, S, K, TA, and أَحْلَم, TA,) than he. (S, K, TA.) So in the saying, نَاوَأْنَا قَوْمًا فَرَجَحْنَاهُمْ (assumed tropical:) [We vied with a people, or party, and surpassed them in gravity, &c.]. (TA.) And فَرَجَحْتُهُ ↓ رَاجَحْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [I vied with him in gravity, &c., and surpassed him therein]. (S, K, TA.) b3: You say also, رَجَحَ الشَّىْءَ بِيَدِهِ He weighed the thing with his hand, trying what was its weight: (TA:) or so رَجَحَهُ alone. (A.) 2 رجّح هٰذَا عَلَى ذَاكَ He made this to outweigh that. (MA.) b2: [Hence,] رجّح الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) He held, or pronounced, [and it made,] the thing [to outweigh, as meaning] to be more, or most, excel-lent or preferable, and of more, or most, force or validity. (Msb.) b3: See also 4.

A2: And see 5.3 رَاجَحْتُهُ فَرَجَحْتُهُ: see 1.4 ارجح المِيزَانَ He made the balance to incline, the scale in which was the thing weighed being heavier than the other. (Msb, TA.) b2: and ارجحهُ, (Msb.) or ارجح لَهُ, (S, A, * K,) He gave him preponderating weight; (S, A, * Msb, K;) as also له ↓ رجّح, (S, A, * K,) inf. n. تَرْجِيحٌ. (S.) One says, إِذَا وَزَنْتَ فَأَرْجِحْ [When thou weighest, give preponderating weight]. (A.) 5 ترجّح: see 1, second sentence. b2: Also i. q. تَذَبْذَبَ [It moved to and fro; dangled; was, or became, in a state of motion or commotion; said of a thing hanging in the air, &c.; and so ↓ ارتجح]. (K.) You say, ↓ ترجّحت الأُرْجُوحَةُ The seesaw inclined, [or moved up and down,] (S, K,) بِهِ (K,) i. e., (TA,) بِالغُلَامِ [with the boy], (S, TA,) or بِالغُلَامَيْنِ [with the two boys]. (A. [There mentioned as tropical; but why, I see not.]) And ↓ ارتجح He (a boy, TA) inclined, [or moved up and down,] upon a seesaw, (K, TA,) and [moved to and fro] upon a rope, or swing. (TA.) and رَوَادَفُهَا ↓ ارتجحت Her posteriors moved to and fro: (K:) and عَلَيْهَا ↓ رَوَادِفُهَا تَرْتَجِحُ Her posteriors move to and fro upon her; said of a girl whose posteriors are heavy. (Az, TA.) and الإِبِلُ ↓ ارتجحت and ترجّحت The camels had a quivering [or vacillating] motion in going along with short steps. (K.) And فَلَوَاتٌ كَأَنَّهَا تَتَرَجَّحُ بِمَنْ سَارَفِيهَا (assumed tropical:) [Deserts, or waterless deserts, seeming] as though they bandied him who journeyed therein to the right and left. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] ترجّح بَيْنَ شَيْئَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) He wavered, or vacillated, between two things; (A in art. رنح, and TA;) [and so ↓ رجّح, for] التَّرْجِيحُ بَيْنَ شَيْئَيْنِ is like التَّمْيِيلُ بَيْنهُمَا. (TA in art. ميل.) And ترجّح فِى

القَوْلِ i. q. تَمَيَّلَ بِهِ (tropical:) [app. meaning He inclined, in the saying, now this way and now that]. (A, TA.) 8 إِرْتَجَحَ see the next preceding paragraph, in five places.10 استرجح النِّعْمَةَ (assumed tropical:) He held the benefit, or favour, &c., to be a thing of weight, or importance; contr. of اِسْتَخَفَّهَا. (A in art. بطر.) رُجْحَانٌ an inf. n. of 1: (S, A, K, TA:) or a simple subst., signifying Excess in weight; preponderance. (Msb.) رَجَاحٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ رَاجَحٌ, (K,) applied to a woman, (S, A, K,) (tropical:) Heavy in the posteriors; (TA;) large therein: (S, K:) pl. [of the former accord. to rule, and perhaps of the latter also,] رُجُحٌ, (S, K,) [and of the latter accord. to rule, and perhaps of the former also, رُجَّحٌ, and of the latter also رَوَاجِحُ, for] you say نِسَآءٌ رَوَاجِحُ الأَكْفَالِ and رُجَّحُهَا (tropical:) [women heavy, or large, in the posteriors]. (A.) b2: كَتَائِبُ رُجُحٌ, (K,) or رُجَّحٌ, (A,) (tropical:) Armies, or troops, marching heavily by reason of numbers, or dragging along the apparatus of war, heavily laden. (K.) b3: جِفَانٌ رُجُحٌ, (K,) or رُجَّحٌ, (A,) (tropical:) [Large bowls] filled with ثَرِيد [or crumbled bread moistened with broth] and with flesh-meat: (K:) or correctly, as in the T, filled with fresh butter and flesh-meat. (TA.) b4: قَوْمٌ رُجَّحٌ and رُجْحٌ, [the latter, thus in the TA, perhaps a pl. of رَاجِحٌ, like as بُزْلٌ is of بَازِلٌ, but more probably, I think, a mistranscription for رُجُحٌ,] (tropical:) A people, or party, forbearing, or clement; or grave, sedate, or calm; (TA;) as also ↓ مَرَاجِيحُ (K, TA) and ↓ مَرَاجِحُ; of which latter two pls., the sings. are ↓ مِرْجَاحٌ and ↓ مِرْجَحٌ; or, accord. to some, these pls. have no proper sings.: حِلْمٌ [“ forbearance ” &c.] is described by the term ثِقَلٌ, like as its contr. [سَفَهٌ] is described by the terms خِفَّةٌ and عَجَلُ. (TA.) You say also فِى الحِلْمِ ↓ قَوْمٌ مَرَاجِيحُ (S) or مَرَاجِيحُ الحِلْمِ (A) (tropical:) [A people, or party, grave in forbearance or clemency, or of much gravity, or sedateness, or calmness, so as not to be excited to lightness of deportment: see حِلْمٌ رَاجَحٌ, below.]

رَجَاحَةٌ (tropical:) Forbearance, or clemency; or gravity, sedateness, or calmness. (TA.) One says, فِى

عَقْلِهِ رَجَاحَةٌ وَفِى خُلُقِهِ سَجَاحَةٌ (tropical:) [In his intellect is gravity, and in his natural disposition is gentleness]. (A.) رُجَاحَةٌ: see what next follows.

رُجَّاحَةٌ (K) and ↓ رُجَاحَةٌ, (TA, as from the K, but omitted in some copies of the latter,) the latter word without teshdeed, mentioned by IDrst., (TA,) A swing of rope; a rope suspended, (K, TA,) in, or upon, which one goes to and fro; (TA;) it is ridden by a boy: (K:) thought by MF to be what is called أُرْجُوحَةٌ; he holding this last also to mean the rope [above mentioned]; but no other says this except IDrst. (TA.) رَاجِحٌ Outweighing, or preponderating; or heavy; or of full weight; syn. وَازِنٌ. (TA.) You say, أَعْطَاهُ رَجِحًا [He gave him preponderating, or full, weight]. (S, K.) b2: See also رَجَاحٌ. b3: [(assumed tropical:) Outweighing, preponderating, or preponderant, as meaning surpassing, excelling, or preferable, or of more force or validity; applied to a saying and the like: of frequent occurrence in this sense.] b4: One says also, حِلْمٌ رَاجِحٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Forbearance, or clemency, or gravity, sedateness, or calmness, that weighs down the person in whom it exists so that nothing renders him light [in deportment]. (TA.) And رَجُلٌ رَاجَحُ العَقْلِ (tropical:) [A man grave in respect of intellect]. (A.) أُرْجُوحَةٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ مَرْجُوحَةٌ, both signify the same, (Msb, K, TA,) but the latter is disapproved by the author of the “ Bári'; ” (Msb, TA;) A seesaw; i. e. a piece of wood [or a plank] the middle of which is placed upon a heap of earth or the like, then a boy sits upon one end of it and another boy upon its other end, (Msb, TA,) and it moves up and down with them: thus explained in the 'Eyn and its Abridgment, and in the Jámi' of Kz, and thus Th says on the authority of IAar: (TA:) [accord. to the CK and some MS. copies of the K, these two words signify the same as رُجَّاحَةٌ; but accord. to other copies of the K, and the TA, the meaning of this last word is different from that of the two preceding words: see also زُحْلُوقَةٌ:] the pl. of the first is أَرَاجِيحُ (Msb) [and that of the second, accord. to rule, مَرَاجِيحُ]. See 5.

أَرَاجِيحُ pl. of أُرْجُوحَةٌ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) Deserts, or waterless deserts: (A, K:) as though they bandied the travellers therein to the right and left. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) The quivering [or vacillating] motions of camels: (A, TA:) or the quivering [or vacillating] motion of camels in going along with short steps: (K, TA:) Abu-l- Hasan understands not how a pl. word can be thus explained by a sing. word: (TA: [but an inf. n., such as is here used, is often used in explanation of a sing. and of a dual and of a pl.]) مِرْجَحٌ: see رَجَاحٌ.

مِرْجَاحٌ: see رَجَاحٌ. b2: Also sing. of مَرَاجِيحُ, (TA,) which signifies (tropical:) Camels having a quivering [or vacillating] motion in going along with short steps: (K:) the sing. is applied to the female, without ة, and to the male. (TA.) مَرْجُوحٌ Outweighed, or preponderated, in the proper sense: b2: and also as meaning (assumed tropical:) surpassed, or excelled, and particularly in force, or validity; applied to a saying and the like: of frequent occurrence in this tropical sense.]

مَرْجُوحَةٌ: see أُرْجُوحَةٌ.

مَرَاجِحُ: see رَجَاحٌ.

مَرَاجِيحُ (tropical:) Palm-trees heavily laden with fruit: (A, K:) [because they are moved to and fro by the wind.] b2: [Also pl. of مَرْجُوحَةٌ.] b3: And pl. of مِرْجَاحٌ, expl. above. (TA.) See also رَجَاحٌ, in two places.

سو

أ1 سَآءَ, (Lth, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Lth, Msb,) inf. n. سَوْءٌ, (Lth, M,) or سَوَآءٌ, like سَحَابٌ, (K,) [but the former is that which is commonly known,] It (a thing, Lth, M) was, or became, evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly. (Lth, M, Msb, K.) It is used in this sense, (IKt, TA,) or [rather] is like بِئْسَ, (Bd, Jel,) in the Kur [xvii. 34], where it is said, سَآءَ سَبِيلًا [Evil, &c., is it as a way of acting]: (IKt, Bd, Jel, TA:) which is like the saying, سَآءَ هٰذَا مَذْهَبًا [Evil, &c., is this as a way of acting or believing, &c.]: the noun being in the accus. case as a specificative. (IKt, TA.) And so in the saying, سَآءَ مَا فَعَلَ فُلَانٌ صَنِيعًا [Evil, &c., as an action, is that which such a one has done]. (TA.) b2: One says also, سُؤْتُ بِهِ ظَنًّا, and أَسَأْتُ ↓ بِهِ الظَّنَّ , [lit. I was evil in opinion respecting him, or it, and I made the opinion respecting him, or it, to be evil, each virtually meaning I held, or formed, an evil opinion respecting him, or it,] the noun being determinate, with the article ال, in the latter case, (ISk, S, Msb, TA,) because it is an objective complement, for the verb is trans., (IB, TA,) and the noun being indeterminate in the former case, (IB, Msb, TA,) because it is in the accus. case as a specificative; (IB, TA;) but some allow it to be indeterminate after ↓ أَسَأْتُ, which is here the contr. of أَحْسَنْتُ. (Msb.) A2: It is also trans.: (Lth, TA:) you say, سَآءَهُ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. سَوْءٌ (S, M, K) and (??), with damm also, (TA, [and said to be an (??)n. in the Ksh and by Bd in ii. 46, but as it is (??) entioned as an inf. n. in the S nor in the M (??) the K, but is expressly said in all these to (??)st., I think that is should be rejected, or (??) as a quasi-inf. n. like كَلَامٌ and ثَوَابٌ (??) سَوَآةٌ (K) and سَوَآءَةٌ (Az, M, K) and (??), K,) of the measure فَعَالِيَةٌ, like (??) M,) and سَوَايَةٌ, (S, M, K,) which is a contraction of that next preceding, (Kh, S, M,) and مَسَآءٌ (M, K) and مَسَآءَةٌ, (S, M, K,) originally مَسْوَأَةٌ, (Har p. 81,) and مَسَائِيَةٌ, which is originally مَسَاوِئَةٌ, (Kh, S, M, K,) and مَسَايَةٌ, (S, M, K,) which is a contraction of that next preceding, (Kh, S,) and مَسَائِيَّةٌ, (M, K,) this last written in the L with two ى s, [i. e. مَسَاييِةٌ,] (TA,) [He did evil to him;] he did to him that which he disliked, or hated; (M, K;) he displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; contr. of سَرَّهُ. (S.) One says, سُؤْتُ الرَّجُلَ, meaning I displeased, grieved, or vexed, the man by what he saw [or experienced] from me. (S.) And أَرَدْتُ مَسَآءَتَكَ and مَسَائِيَتَكَ [I desired to displease, grieve, or vex, thee]. (Lth, TA.) And إِنَّ اللَّيْلَ طَوِيلٌ وَلَا يَسُؤْ بَالُهُ [Verily the night is long, and may the state thereof not displease, grieve, or vex, me]: meaning لَا يَسُؤْنِى بَالُهُ; and expressing a prayer. (Lh, M. [In the TA, in the place of بَالُهُ is put ما له; as though meaning مَا لَهُ مِنَ الحَوَادِثِ or the like, i. e. its events, or accidents, &c.]) And لَهُ عِنْدِي مَا سَآءَهُ وَنَآءَهُ [I have, belonging to him, or I owe him, what grieved him, and oppressed him by its weight], and مَا يَسُوْؤُهُ وَيَنُوْؤُهُ [what does, or will, grieve him, &c.]. (S.) تَرَكَ مَا يَسُوْؤُهُ وَيَنُوْؤُهُ [He left, or has left, what will grieve him, and oppress him by its weight, on the day of judgment, by the responsibility that it has imposed upon him,] is a prov., said of him who has left his property to his heirs. (Meyd, TA.) It is said that El-Mahboobee was possessed of riches; and when death visited him, he desired to make a testament; so it was said to him, “What wilt thou write? ” and he answered, “Write ye, 'Such a one,' meaning himself, 'has left what will grieve him, and oppress him by its weight:' ” i. e., property which his heirs will devour, while the burden thereof will remain upon him. (Meyd, TA.) [See also 4.] b2: One says also, سُؤْتُ وَجْهَ فُلَانٍ, aor. ـُ inf. n. مَسَآءَةٌ and مَسَائِيَةٌ, (Lth, TA,) i. q. قَبَحْتُهُ [i. e. I said, May God remove the person (lit. the face) of such a one far from good, or prosperity, &c.]. (TA. [It is said in a copy of the M, that سُؤْتُ لَهُ وَجْهَهُ means قَبَّحْتُهُ: but I think that the right explanation is قَبَحْتُهُ, without tesh-deed, meaning I said to him, قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ وَجْهَكَ: see art. قبح.]) 2 سوّأ [He corrupted, or marred]. You say, سَوِّ وَلَا تُسَوِّئْ Rectify thou, and do not corrupt, or mar. (A, TA.) [See also 4.] b2: سوّأ عَلَيْهِ He said to him أَسَأْتُ [Thou hast done ill]. (M.) You say, سَوَّأْتُ عَلَيْهِ مَا صَنَعَ, (S,) or صَنِيعَهُ, (K,) i. e. فِعْلَهُ, (TA,) inf. n. تَسْوِئَةٌ and تَسْوِىْءٌ, I discommended to him what he had done, or his deed; and said to him أَسَأْتَ [Thou hast done ill]. (S, K.) And إِنْ أَسَأْتُ فَسَوِّئْ عَلَىَّ [If I do ill, say thou to me, Thou hast done ill]. (S.) 4 أَسَآءَ, [inf. n. إِسَآءَةٌ,] He did evil, or ill; or acted ill; contr. of أَحْسَنَ: (S, M, K:) [and so]

اسِآء فِى فِعْلِهِ. (Msb.) You say, اسآء إِلَيْهِ (S, K) and لَهُ and عَلَيهِ and بِهِ (TA) He did evil or ill, or acted ill, to him. (S, K, TA.) b2: [See also أَسْوَى, in several senses, in art. سوي.]

A2: اسآءهُ He corrupted it, or marred it; (M, K;) [did it ill;] did it not well; namely, a thing. (M.) It is said in a prov., أَسَآءَ كَارِهٌ مَا عَمِلَ [An unwilling person did ill what he did]; relating to a man who was compelled against his will, by another, to do a thing, and marred it, or did it not well: it is applied to the man who seeks an object of want and does not take pains to accomplish it. (M, Meyd. *) See also 1, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. [And see 2.]8 استآء He experienced evil, or that which he disliked or hated, (S, * K, TA,) or displeasure, (TA,) or grief, or anxiety. (M, TA.) اِسْتَآءَ لَهَا occurs in a trad. as meaning He (the Prophet) became displeased, or grieved, or anxious, on account of it; i. e., on account of a dream that had been related to him: or, accord. to one relation, the right reading is اِسْتَآلَهَا, meaning “ he sought the interpretation of it, by consideration. ” (TA.) سَوْءٌ is an inf. n. of سَآءَ, (Lth, S, M, K,) intrans., (Lth, M,) and trans.: (S, M, K:) and is also used as an epithet, applied to a man, (M, Msb, and Ham p. 712,) and to an action. (Msb.) Yousay رَجُلُ سَوْءٍ (S, M, Msb, K) [A man of evil nature or doings; or] a man who does what is evil, displeasing, grievous, or vexatious: (M, TA:) and رَجُلُ السَّوْءِ [the man of evil nature or doings &c.]: (S, K:) and ذِئْبُ السَّوْءِ [the wolf of evil nature &c.], as in a verse cited voce أَحَالَ, in art. حول: (S:) and عَمَلُ سَوْءٍ [a deed of evil nature]: (M, Msb:) and عَمَلُ السَّوْءِ [the deed of evil nature]: (Ham p. 498:) and نَعْتُ سَوْءٍ [an epithet of evil nature]: (O and K in art. سحق:) and سَعْفُ سَوْءٍ a bad commodity: (O and TA in art. سعف:) and if you make the former word determinate [by means of the article ال], you use the latter as an epithet [also], (M, * Msb, and Ham, p. 712, *) and you say الرَّجُلُ السَّوْءُ [the evil man, or the man who does what is evil &c.]: (Msb, and Ham p. 712:) and العَمَلُ السَّوْءُ [the evil deed]: (Msb:) [this last phrase I hold to be correct, regarding السَّوْءُ in this case as originally an inf. n. of the intrans. verb سَآءَ, and therefore capable of being used as an epithet applied to anything; though] IB says that السَّوْءُ used as an epithet is applied to a man but not to a deed: (TA:) [in what here follows from the S, denying the correctness of another phrase mentioned above on the authority of lexicologists of high repute, there is, in my opinion, an obvious mistranscription, twice occurring, السَّوْءُ for السُّوْءُ, which I suppose to have passed from an early copy of that work into most other copies thereof, for I find it alike in all to which I have had access:] Akh says, one should not say الرَّجُلُ السَّوْءُ, though one says الحَقُّ اليَقِينُ as well as حَقُّ اليَقِينِ; for السَّوْءُ is not the same as الرَّجُلُ, but اليَقِينُ is the same as الحَقُّ: he says, also, nor should one say, هٰذَا رَجُلُ السُّوْءِ with damm: (S:) [here the expres-sion “ with damm ” may perhaps be meant to refer to السوء in all of the three instances above; not in the last only:] IB says, [in remarking on this passage of the S, in which he appears to have read السُّوْء, with damm, in all of the three instances,] Akh allows one's saying رَجُلُ السَّوْءِ and رَجُلُ سَوْءٍ, with fet-h to the س in both; but not رَجُلُ السُّوْءِ, with damm to the س, because السُّوْءُ is a subst., meaning “ harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage,” and “ evilness of state or condition; ” and رَجُل is prefixed, as governing a gen. case, only to the inf. n.: and he adds that one says, هٰذَا الرَّجُلُ السَّوْءُ, not prefixing [the former noun to the latter, but using the latter as an epithet]. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in six places.

سُوْءٌ is the subst. from سَآءَهُ; (S, M, * K;) [so, app., accord. to the generality of the lexicologists;] or inf. n. (Ksh and Bd in ii. 46) of سَيِّئٌ, (Ksh ibid.,) or of سَآءَ, aor. ـُ (Bd ibid.,) or of سَآءَهُ [q. v.]; (TA;) signifying Evilness, badness, abominableness, foulness, or unseemliness; [and displeasingness, grievousness, or vexatiousness;] as, for instance, of natural disposition, and of doings: (Ksh ubi suprà:) vitious, immoral, unrighteous, sinful, or wicked, conduct: [hence, رَمَاهُ بِسُوْءٍ: see art. رمي:] anything disapproved, or disallowed; or regarded as evil, bad, abominable, foul, or unseemly: (S, TA:) [an evil action or event:] evilness of state or condition: harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage: (IB, TA:) anything that is mentioned as being سَيِّئ [i. e. evil, &c.]: (Lth, TA:) any evil, evil affection, cause of mischief or harm or injury, noxious or destructive thing, calamity, disease, or malady: (M, K, TA:) [pl. أَسْوَآءٌ, accord. to a general rule.] The saying مَا أُنْكِرُكَ مِنْ سُوْءٍ means I do not disacknowledge thee in consequence of سُوْء [i. e. evilness, &c.,] that I have seen in thee, but only in consequence of my little knowledge of thee. (S.) لِنَصْرِفَ عَنْهُ السُّوْءَ وَالفَحْشَآءَ, in the Kur [xii. 24], is said by Zj to mean, [In order that we might turn away from him] unfaithfulness to his master, and adultery. (M, TA.) And سُوْءُ الحِسَابِ, in the Kur [xiii. 18, i. e. The evilness of the reckoning], is expl. by him as meaning a reckoning in which no good work will be accepted, and no evil work passed over; because infidelity will have made the former to be of no avail: or, as some say, it means a reckoning pursued to the utmost extent, in which no evil work will be passed over. (M, TA.) لَا خَيْرَ فِى قَوْلِ السُّوْءِ means There is no good in thy saying سُوْء [i. e. a thing that is evil; قول being here used in its original sense of an inf. n.]: but if you say ↓ السَّوْء, [you use قول in the sense of مَقُول, and] the meaning is, in evil speech. (TA as from the K, but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K.) سُوْءٌ accord. to one reading, and ↓ سَوْءٌ accord. to another, (K, TA, [but all that is given in this sentence as from the K is so given only on the authority of the TA, not being in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K]) the latter of which readings is the more common, (TA,) in the phrase دَائِرَةُ السّوء, (K, TA,) in the Kur [ix. 99 and xlviii. 6], (TA,) mean Defeat, and evil; (K, TA;) and trial, or affliction, and torment; (TA;) and perdition, and destruction, or corruption: (K, TA:) and in like manner in the saying, أُمْطِرَتْ مَطَرَ السّوءِ, (K, TA,) in the Kur [xxv. 42]: (TA:) or السُّوْء means harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage; and evilness of state or condition; [as expl. before;] and ↓ السَّوْء, corruption, or destruction, or perdition: (K, * TA:) or السُّوْء in the phrase دَائِرَةُ السُّوْءِ means defeat and evil; and the reading ↓ السَّوْء is from [i. e. syn. with] المَسَآءَة [as inf. n.]. (S. [See also دَائِرَةٌ, in art. دور.]) Accord. to Zj, in the saying in the Kur [xlviii. 6], ↓ الظَّانِّينَ بِاللّٰهِ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ, (TA,) meaning ظَنَّ الأَمْرِ السَّوْءِ [i. e. Who opine, of God, the opining of the evil thing], (Bd,) it is allowable to read ظَنَّ السُّوْءِ; (T, TA;) and thus some read in this instance: (Jel:) but AM says, in the saying in the Kur [xlviii. 12], ↓ وَظَنَنْتُمْ ظَنَّ السَّوْءِ [And ye opined the evil opining], it is read only with fet-h, and damm to the س is not allowable in this instance, for there is in it no meaning of trial, or affliction, and torment: (TA:) [for this distinction, however, I see no reason; and it is not correct; for] السوء is with fet-h and with damm to the س in the three sentences [whereof this last is one] in which it occurs in this chapter. (Jel.) b2: In the Kur vii. 188, it is said to mean (assumed tropical:) Diabolical possession; or insanity, or madness. (M, TA.) b3: (tropical:) Leprosy, syn. بَرَصٌ, (Lth, S, M, K, TA,) is said to be its meaning in the Kur xx. 23 and xxvii. 12 and xxviii. 32. (S, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The fire: so in the Kur xxx. 9, accord. to the reading السُّوْءَ: (K, TA:) said to mean there Hell: but the reading commonly known is ↓ السُّوْءَى. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) Weakness in the eye. (K. [Thus, i. e. with damm to the س, in the CK and TK: in the TA said to be بالفتح; but this is evidently a mistake for بالضمّ.]) سَىْءٌ: see سَيِّئٌ.

سَوْءَةٌ The عَوْرَة [or pudendum], (S, Mgh, Msb,) i. e. (Msb) the فَرْج [which means the same, or the external portion of the organs of generation], (Lth, M, IAth, Msb, K,) of a man, and of a woman: (Lth, Msb, TA:) and the anus: (Az and TA in art. سوى:) dual سَوْءَتَانِ: and pl. سَوْآتٌ: so called because its becoming exposed to men displease [or shames] the owner thereof; (Msb;) or because of its unseemliness. (Ham p. 510.) In the Kur vii. 19, for سَوْآتِهِمَا, some read سَوَاتِهِمَا; and some, سَوَّاتِهِمَا. (Bd.) b2: In the Kur v. 34, it means The dead body, or corpse; (Bd, Jel;) because it is deemed unseemly to be seen. (Bd.) b3: Accord. to IAth, the former is the primary signification: and hence it is transferred to denote Any saying, or action, of which one is ashamed when it appears: (TA:) any evil, bad, abominable, foul, or unseemly, saying or action; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ سَوْآءُ: (M:) any disgracing action or thing: (Lth, TA:) an evil, abominable, or unseemly, property, quality, custom, or practics; (K, TA;) as also ↓ سَوْآءُ, or ↓ سَوْءَى; (accord. to different copies of the K; [the latter perhaps fem. of ↓ أَسْوَأُ like the former, of the same class as دَفْأَى and دَنْأَى, or fem. of ↓ سَوْآنُ, like عَطْشَى fem. of عَطْشَانُ;]) or so both of these; (TA;) or so ↓ سَوْءَةٌ سَوْآءُ: (S:) [or this last means a property, &c., that is very evil &c.] One says, سَوْءَةً لِفُلَانٍ May a disgracing action or thing befall such a one; [or disgrace, or shame, to such a one;] using the accus. case because it is an expression of reviling and imprecation. (Lth, TA.) [See also سَيِّئَةٌ and سُوْءَى.] b4: ↓ السَّوْءَةُ السَّوْءَى [or ↓ السَّوْءَةُ السَّوْآءُ] also means The contrarious wife or woman. (TA.) سَايَةٌ as used in the saying ضَرَبَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى فُلَانٍ

سَايَةً is held by some to be originally with ء, and of the measure فَعْلَةٌ, from السَّوْءُ; so that the saying means Such a one did to such a one a thing that caused displeasure to him; and did evil to him: others hold that the saying means such a one made a way to do what he desired to such a one; in which case, ساية is of the measure فَعْلَةٌ from سَوَّيْتُ; originally سَوْيَةٌ, which is changed into سَيَّةٌ, and then into سَايَةٌ, in like manner as دِوَّانٌ is changed into دِيوَانٌ. (Aboo-Bekr, TA.) [See the same word in art. سوى.]

سَوْءَى: see سَوْءَةٌ, in two places.

سُوْءَى is [fem. of ↓ أَسْوَأُ, q. v., as meaning More, and most, evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly: and is also] a subst. signifying an evil, a bad, an abominable, a foul, or an unseemly, action; (Msb, TA;) i. q. فَعْلَةٌ سَيِّئَةٌ [and سَيِّئَةٌ alone]: in this sense, [as well as in the former,] (TA,) contr. of حُسْنَى. (S, M, K, TA.) b2: In the Kur xxx. 9, (S, TA,) accord. to the reading commonly known, (TA,) [as contr. of الحُسْنَى,] السُّوْءَى means (assumed tropical:) The fire (S, K, TA) of Hell. (TA.) See also سُوْءٌ, last explanation but one.

سَوْآءُ: see أَسْوَأُ (of which it is said by some to be fem.) in two places: b2: and see also سَوْءَةٌ, in four places.

خَزْيَانُ سَوْآنُ is [app. an instance of the alteration of the latter of two epithets to assimilate it to the former, originally خَزْيَانُ أَسْوَأُ, meaning Ashamed, or base, or vile, or ignominious, and evil, bad, &c.,] from القُبْحُ. (M, TA.) b2: See also سَوْءَةٌ.

سَيِّئٌ, [originally سَيْوِئٌ (as will be shown below, voce سَيِّئَةٌ), then سَيْيِئٌ, and then سَيِّئٌ,] applied to a thing [of any kind], (Lth, TA,) Evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly; (Lth, Msb, TA;) contr. of حَسَنٌ: (Msb:) sometimes contracted into ↓ سَىْءٌ, like as هَيِّنٌ is contracted in هَيْنٌ, and لَيّنٌ into لَيْنٌ; as in the saying of Et-Tuhawee, وَلَا يَجْزُونَ مِنْ حَسَنٍ مِسَىْءٍ

وَلَا يَجْزُونَ مِنْ غِلَظٍ بِلِينِ [And they will not requite good with evil, nor will they requite roughness with gentleness]. (S.) You say قَوْلٌ سَيِّئٌ [An evil saying; or] a saying that displeases. (M, TA.) And فَعْلَةٌ سَيِّئَةٌ [An evil action or deed]. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [xxxv. 41], وَمَكْرَ السَّيِّئِ وَلَا يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ السَّيِّئٌ

إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِ [And in the plotting of that which is evil; but the evil plotting shall not beset any save the authors thereof]. (M, TA.) One says also, فُلَانٌ سَيِّئُ الاِخْتِيَارِ [Such a one is evil in respect of choice, or preference]. (S.) [See also the next paragraph.]

سَيِّئَةٌ [fem. of سَيِّئٌ, q. v.: and also a subst., being transferred from the category of epithets to that of substs. by the affix ة], originally سَيْوِئَةٌ, (S,) An evil act or action; contr. of حَسَنَةٌ; (Msb;) a fault, an offence, or an act of disobedience; or such as is intentional; a sin, a crime, or an act of disobedience for which one deserves punishment; syn. خَطِيْئَةٌ: (M, K:) pl. سَيِّئَاتٌ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., الحَسَنَةُ بَيْنَ السَّيِّئَتَيْنِ [The good act is between the two evil acts]; meaning that the exceeding of the just bounds is a سَيِّئَة, and the falling short thereof is a سَيِّئَة, and the pursuing a middle course between these two is a حَسَنَة. (TA.) [See also سَوْءَةٌ and سُوْءَى.] b2: Also; tropically, (tropical:) The recompense of a سَيِّئَة properly so termed [i. e. as expl. above]. (Msb in art. مكر.) b3: An evil, or evil accident; a calamity; a misfortune; (Ksh in iv. 81;) a trial, or an affliction; opposed to حَسَنَةٌ; (Ksh and Bd in iv. 80;) scarcity of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, and comforts, of life; straitness of circumstances; and unsuccessfulness; thus [likewise] opposed to حَسَنَةٌ in the Kur iv. 80. (Er- Rághib, TA in art. حسن.) أَسْوَأُ; fem. سُوْءَى: see the latter word. One says, هُوَ أَسْوَأُ القَوْمِ He is the most evil, &c., of the people, or party; syn. أَقْبَحُهُمْ: and هِىَ السُّوْءَى

She is the most evil, &c. (Msb.) And the [common] people say أَسْوَأُ الأَحْوَالِ, meaning The [worst, or] most scanty, and weakest, of states or conditions. (Msb.) A2: [Also,] applied as an epithet to a man, (El-Umawee, M, TA,) Evil, bad, abominable, foul, unseemly, unsightly, or ugly: (ElUmawee, M, K, TA:) fem. ↓ سَوْآءُ, (El-Umawee, M, K,) which is thus applied to a woman; (ElUmawee, S, M;) or this is an instance of the measure فَععلَآءُ having no [masc. of the measure]

أَفَعَلُ. (M, TA.) See also سَوْءَةٌ, in four places. It is said in a trad. (M, TA) of the Prophet, or of 'Omar, (TA,) وَلُودٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ حَسْنَآءَ عَقِيمٍ ↓ سَوْآءُ [An ugly prolific woman is better than a beautiful barren one]. (M, TA.) مَسَآءَةٌ an inf. n. of سَآءَهُ: (S, M, K:) and [also a subst. signifying An evil, as being] a cause of grief or vexation; contr. of مَسَرَّةٌ: originally مَسْوَأَةٌ: and therefore the pl. is ↓ مَسَاوٍ, for مَسَاوِئُ; (Msb;) signifying also vices, faults, defects, or imperfections; (S, Msb, K, TA;) and diseases; (S, TA;) and acts of disobedience: (Msb:) so in the saying, بَدَتْ مَسَاوِيهِ His acts of disobedience, and vices, faults, &c., appeared: (Msb:) and الخَيْلُ تَجْرِى عَلَى مَسَاوِيهَا Horses run, notwithstanding their vices, or faults, &c., (S, Meyd, K,) and diseases; (S, Meyd;) for their generousness impels them to do so: (S, Meyd, K: but omitted in the CK:) and in like manner, the ingenuous generous man bears difficulties, and defends, or protects, what he is bound to defend or protect, or to regard as sacred, or inviolable, though he be weak, and practises generosity in all circumstances: (Meyd, TA:) or it is applied in relation to the protection and defence of what should be sacred, or inviolable, or of wives, or women under covert, and the members of one's household, notwithstanding harm, or injury, and fear: or it means that one may seek to defend himself by means of a man though there be in him qualities disapproved: (MF, TA:) but accord. to Lh, المَسَاوِى has no proper sing., like المَحَاسِنُ: (Meyd, TA: *) accord. to some of the writers on inflection, it is the contr. of المَحَاسِنُ, and an anomalous pl. of السُّوْءُ, being originally with ء. (TA.) مَسَاوٍ: see the next preceding paragraph.

سرب

1 سَرَبَ aor. ـُ inf. n. سُرُوبٌ, He went forth: and he went away. (M.) You say, سَرَبَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (M, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (M, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (M, A, Msb,) He went away [into the country, or in the land]. (M, A, Mgh, Msb.) And سَرَبَ فِى حَاجَتِهِ He went, or went away, (A'Obeyd, M,) or, as some say, during the day, (M,) for the accomplishment of his want. (A'Obeyd, M.) And هُوَ يَسْرُبُ النَّهَارَ كُلَّهُ فِى

حَوَائِجِهِ [He goes, or goes away, all the day, accomplishing his wants]. (A.) b2: سَرَبَ [or rather سَرَبَ فِى الأَرْضِ] also signifies He (a man) went away at random into the country, or in the land. (Har pp. 448 and 511.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Keys Ibn-El-Khateem, (TA,) ↓ أَنَّى سَرَبْتِ وَكُنْتِ غَيْرَ سَرُوبِ [i. e. Whence hast thou gone away at random? for thou wast not one wont to go away at random:] (S, TA:) thus, سربت, as related by IDrd: accord. to others, [سَرَيْتِ,] with ى. (TA.) b3: سَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The camels went away into the country, or in the land, going forth whithersoever they would: and in like manner سَرَبَ is said of a stallion [camel]': (Az, TA:) or سَرَبَ, (S, K,) said of a stallion [camel], aor. as above, (S,) and so the inf. n., signifies he repaired, or betook himself, to the place of pasture: (S, A, K:) and سَرَبَ المَالُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سَرْبٌ, the camels, or cattle, pastured during the day without a pastor. (Msb.) b4: سَرَبَ المَآءُ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) inf. n. سُرُوبٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) or سَرِبَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَرَبٌ; (M;) The water ran (A, Mgh) upon the surface of the ground: (A:) or flowed; as also ↓ انسرب: (M:) [or the latter signifies it ran swiftly: (see Har p. 586:)] and in like manner one says of the سَرَاب [or mirage], يَسْرَبُ, inf. n. سَرَبٌ, it runs. (AHeyth, TA.) and سَرِبَتِ العَيْنُ, inf. n. سَرَبٌ; and سَرَبَتْ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سُرُوبٌ; The عين [or source, or perhaps (assumed tropical:) eye, (see مَسْرَبٌ,)] flowed; as also ↓ تسرّبت: so says Lh. (M.) And سَرِبَتِ المَزَادَةُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. سَرَبٌ, (S,) The مزادة [or leathern water-bag] flowed. (S, K.) And خَرَجَ المَآءُ سَرَبًا The water came forth from the punctures made in sewing the skin. (TA.) [Or] سَرِبَتْ said of a new [water-skin such as is termed] قِرْبَة, or of a مَزَادَة, signifies It had water poured into it in order that the thong [with which it was sewed] might become moistened, so as to swell, and fill up the holes made in the sewing. (M.) b5: See also سَرَبٌ, below. b6: [Golius explains سَرَبَ, inf. n. سَرَبَانٌ, as on the authority of the KL, as signifying “ Ingressus fuit in rem, totum subivit implevitve locum: ” but this is a mistake, evidently occasioned by his finding سَرَبَانٌ, explained in this sense, instead of سَرَيَان, the reading in my copy of the KL.]

A2: سَرْبٌ [as an inf. n.] is [also] syn. with خَرْزٌ [signifying The sewing of a skin or the like]. (Kr, K, TA. [In a copy of the M, I find السَّرَبُ الخَرَزُ erroneously written for السَّرْبُ الخَرْزُ.]) You say, سَرَبْتُ القِرْبَةَ, inf. n. سَرْبٌ, I sewed the قربة [i. e. water-skin, or milk-skin]. (TK.) A3: سُرِبَ, (M, K,) like عُنِىَ, [i. e. pass. in form but neuter in signification,] (K,) said of a man, (TA,) He became affected with suppression of the feces, or constipation of the bowels, (أَخَذَهُ حُصْرٌ or حَصَرٌ accord. to different copies of the K,) by the entrance of the fume of [molten] silver [see أُسْرُبٌّ] into the innermost parts of his nose, and other passages, (K,) or into his mouth, and the innermost parts of his nose, and his anus, (M, * TA,) and other passages: (TA:) the epithet applied to a man thus affected is ↓ مَسْرُوبٌ: (K:) sometimes he recovers, and sometimes he dies. (TA.) 2 سَرَّبَ [سرّب app. signifies, primarily, He sent camels in a herd or drove, together, to pasture. And hence, b2: ] سرّب عَلَىَّ الإِبِلَ (tropical:) He sent [against me] the camels [app. with armed riders], one detached number after another: (As, S, A, K, TA:) and in like manner, الخَيْلَ (tropical:) [the horsemen]. (S, A, Mgh, TA.) It is said in a trad. of ' Áïsheh, [referring to girls who were her playmates,] كَانَ يُسَرِّبُهُنَّ إِلَىَّ فَيَلْعَبْنَ مَعِى (assumed tropical:) He used to send them to me [app. party after party, and they would play with me]. (TA.) And one says, سَرَّبْتُ إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) I sent to him the thing, one by one; or rather, portion by portion. (L, TA.) And سَرَّبْتُ إِلَيْهِ الأَشْيَآءَ (tropical:) I gave him the things, one after another. (A, TA.) And سَرَّبَهُ He sent him back in his سرب [i. e. سَرْب], meaning way [by which he had come]. (Har p. 20.) b3: See also 4.

A2: سرّب سَرَبًا He made a subterranean excavation. (M, A.) b2: سرّب الحَافِرُ, (As, TA,) inf. n. تَسْرِيبٌ, (S, K,) The digger [of a well], in digging, took [i. e. dug] towards the right and left: (As, S, * K, * TA:) in some copies of the K, [and in the S,] right or left: but the former is the correct explanation. (TA.) A3: سرّب القِرْبَةَ, (S, M, A,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He poured water into the قربة [i. e. water-skin, or milk-skin], in order that the holes made in the sewing might become filled up (S, M, A, K) by their being moistened, (S, K,) or by the moistening, and consequent swelling, of the thong [with which it was sewed]; the قربة being new. (M.) 4 اسرب He made water to flow; as also ↓ سرّب. (M.) 5 تَسَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence, app.,] تسرّبوا فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) They followed one another continuously in it; namely, a road. (M.) b3: See also 7.

A2: تسرّب مِنَ المَآءِ He became full of water. (TA.) 7 إِنْسَرَبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: انسرب فِيهِ He entered into it; (S, M, K;) i. e., a wild animal, into his سَرَب, (S, M, Msb,) meaning his subterranean habitation, (S, Msb,) or his place of abode; (M;) and a fox, (S,) into his burrow; as also ↓ تسرّب. (S, K.) سَرْبٌ Pasturing مَال, (M, A, TA,) i. e. camels: (M, TA:) or camels, and مَال [here meaning cattle in general], that pasture: (S:) or مَال [i. e. camels or cattle] pasturing during the day without a pastor; an inf. n. used as a subst. in this sense; and ↓ سَارِبٌ [meaning مَالٌ سَارِبٌ] signifies the same: (Msb:) or, accord. to IAar, (M,) any مَاشِيَة [i. e. camels and other cattle]; (M, K;) thus say IJ and Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee: and accord. to Kz, ↓ سِرْبٌ also, [q. v.,] with kesr, signifies مَالٌ [syn. with مَاشِيَةٌ]; and IO says the like: (TA:) pl. of the former سُرُوبٌ, (M, TA,) and some say أَسْرَابٌ [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (TA.) Hence the saying, اِذْهَبْ فَلَا أَنْدَهُ سَرْبَكَ, i. e. Go thou away, for I will not drive back thy [pasturing] camels; (S, Msb; *) they shall go, (S,) or I will leave them to pasture, (Msb,) where they will; (S, Msb;) meaning, I have no need of thee: (S:) in the Time of Ignorance, they used to divorce by saying thus, (S, M, Msb,) اِذْهَبِى فَلَا أَنْدَهُ سَرْبَكِ. (S, M, A.) b2: [Freytag also explains it, from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, as meaning A sheep-fold.]

A2: Also A way, or road; (Az, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and so ↓ سِرْبٌ with kesr; (M, K;) the latter accord. to Aboo-' Omar and Th, but' disallowed by Mbr, who knew only the former in this sense; said by Ibn-Es-Seed to have been pronounced by Az with fet-h, and by Aboo-' Omar with kesr: (TA:) and one's way, or course; (M, K, * TA;) the way by which one goes. (T, TA. [See also سُرْبَةٌ, and مَسْرَبٌ.]) One says, خَلِّ سَرْبَهُ Leave thou free, or unobstructed, his way (T, M, Mgh, Msb, TA) by which he goes, (T, TA,) and his course; (M, TA;) and so ↓ سِرْبَهُ, with kesr; (M, TA;) accord. to Aboo-' Omar: (TA:) or خَلِّ لَهُ سَرْبَهُ leave thou free, or unobstructed, to him his way. (S, A.) And أَطْلَقَ الأَسِيرَ وَخَلَّى سَرْبَهُ [He loosed the captive and left free to him his way]. (A.) Hence, in a trad., مَنْ أَصْبَحَ آمِنًا فِى سَرْبِهِ, meaning فِى مُتَقَلَّبِهِ and مُتَصَرَّفِهِ [i. e. He who has become secure in his scope, or room, for free action]: or, accord. to one reading, the last words are فِى

↓ سِرْبِهِ, meaning, (tropical:) in respect of his wives, or women under covert, and his household, or family; a metaphorical sense, from the سِرْب of gazelles &c. (A, and so in the Fáïk. [See also سِرْبٌ.]) Hence also the saying, إِذَا كَان مُخَلَّى

السَّرْبِ, meaning When he is made to be in ample circumstances; not straitened. (Mgh.) And you say وَاسِعُ السَّرْبِ, instead of السِّرْبِ; meaning Whose way that he pursues is ample. (TA. [But see what follows.]) A3: Also The bosom, or breast; or the mind; syn. صَدْرٌ. (Mbr, M, K.) إِنَّهُ لَوَاسِعُ السَّرْبِ means Verily he is of ample bosom, or mind; and judgment; and love: (M, TA:) or, as some say, ample of bosom, or mind; slow of anger. (M. [The latter meaning is assigned in the Msb and TA to وَاسِعُ السِرْبِ: see the next paragraph.]) سِرْبٌ: see سَارِبٌ. b2: [Hence, app.,] A قَطِيع, (S, M, K,) or جَمَاعَة, (Mgh, Msb,) [i. e. herd,] of gazelles, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and of oxen, (M, Mgh, Msb,) [app. meaning wild oxen,] and of [wild] asses, (M,) and of wild animals [in general], (S, Msb,) and [a flock or herd] of sheep or goats, (M,) and [a flock] of the birds called قَطًا, (S, Msb,) and of birds [in general], (M,) and [a party, or bevy,] of women, (S, M, Msb, K,) &c.; (K;) and, as used by El-' Ajjáj, it is of men also: (Sh, TA:) and a poet of the Jinn, as they assert, used it metaphorically in speaking of a سِرْب of the [lizards called] عَظَآء: (M:) it signifies also (assumed tropical:) a collection of palm-trees; (M, K; in some copies of the latter of which النَّحْل is erroneously put for النَّخْل; TA;) so says AHn; and Abu-l-Hasan thinks it to be by way of comparison: and ↓ سُرْبَةٌ is like it [in its meanings]: (M: [particularly mentioned in the K as used in the last of the senses above mentioned:]) each of these words is said to be applied to a قطيع of the birds called قَطًا, and of gazelles, and of sheep or goats, on the authority of As; and the latter [or each] of them is applied to a قطيع of women as being likened to gazelles: (TA:) the pl. of the former is أَسْرَابٌ; (Sh, M, Msb, TA;) and of ↓ the latter, سُرُبٌ, (K, accord. to the TA,) with two dammehs, (TA,) [in the CK سُرُوبٌ,] or سُرْبٌ, (so in my MS. copy of the K, [either a contraction of the former pl. or a coll. gen. n. of which سُرْبَةٌ is the n. un.,]) or both. (TA. [See also سُرْبَةٌ below, where the pl. is said to be سُرَبٌ.]) b3: [Hence, as some explain them, two phrases mentioned below in this paragraph.] b4: See also سَرْبٌ, first sentence.

A2: It is also syn. with سَرْبٌ as meaning A way, or road: and a course: see سَرْبٌ in two places. b2: Also i. q. بَالٌ [app. as syn. with حَالٌ, i. e. State, or condition]. (S, Msb, K.) One says, فُلَانٌ وَاسِعُ السِّرْبِ, meaning رَخِىُّ البَالِ [i. e. Such a one is in an ample, or unstraitened, state or condition: or the meaning may be, such a one is easy, or unstraitened, in mind: see what follows, and see also بَالٌ]: (S, Msb:) or, as some say, ample of bosom, or mind; slow of anger: (Msb, TA:) [see also وَاسِعُ السَّرْبِ, in two places near the end of the next preceding paragraph:] MF thinks that for بَال we should read مَال, agreeably with an explanation of a phrase in what here follows. (TA.) b3: Also The قَلْب [meaning heart, or mind]: (M, K:) and the نَفْس [meaning self]. (IAar, M, Msb, K.) One says, هُوَ آمِنٌ فِى سِرْبِهِ He is secure in, or in respect of, his heart, or mind: or, himself: (M:) but IDrd disallows this latter explanation; and says that the meaning is, his family, and his مَال [or camels, or cattle, or other property], and his, children; as though the phrase آمن فى سربه were originally used in relation to the pastor, and the stallion [camel], and then extended in its relation to others, metaphorically: (TA:) or the meaning is [simply], his مَال: or, his people, or party: (M, TA:) or as expl. above, voce سَرْبٌ, q. v.: or, accord. to Kz, his way. (TA.) The pl. is سِرَابٌ. (El-Hejeree, M, TA.) A3: See also مَسْرُبَةٌ.

سَرَب A subterranean excavation: (M, K:) or a habitation (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) of a wild animal, (S, * Msb,) in, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or beneath, (TA,) the earth, or ground, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) having no passage through it; also called وَكْرٌ: (Msb:) such as has a passage through it is termed نَفَقٌ: (Mgh, Msb:) the burrow, or hole, (M, K,) of a wild animal, (K,) or of a fox, and likewise [the den] of a lion, and of a hyena, and of a wolf; and the place into which a wild animal enters: (M:) pl. أَسْرَابٌ. (M, A, Msb.) In the saying in the Kur [xviii. 60], فَاتَّخَذَ سَبِيلَهُ فِى الْبَحْرِ سَرَبًا [And it (the fish) took its way into the sea &c.], Fr says that when the fish was restored to life by the water that came upon it from the fountain [of life], and fell into the sea, its way became congealed, and like a سَرَب [or subterranean excavation, &c.]: Zj says that سربا may be considered as put in the accus. case in two ways; either as a second objective complement of the verb, or as an inf. n. [of ↓ سَرِبَ, q. v.]: and AHát thinks that it here means ذَهَابًا [going away]: or, accord. to IAth, سَرَبٌ signifies a secret, or hidden, place of passage: or, as used by El-Moatarid Edh-Dhafaree, it means [simply] a road, or way. (TA.) It signifies also A subterranean channel or conduit, by which water enters a حَائِط [or garden, or walled garden of palm-trees]. (M, K.) And طَرِيقٌ سَرَبٌ meansA way, or road, in which people follow one another continuously. (M.) b2: Also Flowing water: (M, K: [see also سَرِبٌ:]) or water flowing from a مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag] and the like: (S:) or water dropping from the punctures made in the sewing of a water-skin. (A.) b3: and Water that is poured into a قِرْبَة [or skin for water or milk], (M, K,) when it is new, or into a مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag], (M,) in order that the thong [with which it is sewed] may become moistened, (M, K,) so as to swell, and fill up the holes made in the sewing. (M.) سَرِبٌ Flowing water. (S, * M. [See also سَرَبٌ.]) You say also مَزَادَةٌ سَرِبَةٌ, i. e. [A leathern-water-bag] flowing. (S, K.) سَرْبَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

A2: I. q. خَرْزَةٌ [A single puncture, or stitch-hole, made in sewing a skin or the like]. (K. [There expressly said to be, in this sense, with fet-h; but I think that we should read سُرْبَةٌ, and خُرْزَةٌ: see, again, the next paragraph.]) سُرْبَةٌ A short journey; (IAar, M;) or so ↓ سَرْبَةٌ. (K. [But I think that the former is the right.]) You say, إِنَّكَ لَتُرِيدُ سُرْبَةً Verily thou desirest a short journey. (IAar, M.) A long journey is termed سُبْأَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And i. q. مَذْهَبٌ (S, M, A, K) and طَرِيقَةٌ (A, K) [i. e. A way by which one goes or goes away, a proper meaning of the former word; and a way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like, which is a meaning of both of these words]. One says, فُلَانٌ بَعِيدُ السُّرْبَةِ, (S, A, TA,) meaning [Such a one is] one who takes a distant way into the country, or land: (TA:) or meaning بَعِيدُ المَذْهَبِ (S, A) and الطَّرِيقَةِ (A) [i. e., who follows a distant, or remote, way in journeying, and a long way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like. See also سَرْبٌ, and مَسْرَبٌ]. Esh-Shenfarà says, عَدَوْنَا مِنَ الوَادِى الَّذِى بَيْنَ مِشْعَلٍ

وَبَيْنَ الحَشَا هَيْهَاتَ أَنْسَأْتُ سُرْبَتِى

[We passed from the valley that is between Mish' al and El-Hashà: distant was it: I made my way to lead me far off]; meaning, how distant was the place from which I commenced my journey! (TA.) And one says also, إِنَّهُ لَقَرِيبُ السُّرْبَةِ, meaning قَرِيبُ المَذْهَبِ [i. e. Verily he is one who pursues a near way]; who hastens, or is quick, in accomplishing his want. (Th, M.) A2: Also A portion, or detached number, (S, Mgh, Msb,) of what compose a سِرْب, (Mgh, Msb,) i. e., of a collection [or herd] of gazelles, and of [wild] oxen, (Mgh,) or [of a flock] of the birds called قَطًا, and of horses, and asses, and gazelles: (S:) pl. سُرَبٌ, like غُرَفٌ pl. of غُرْفَةٌ. (Msb.) See also سِرْبٌ, in two places; in the latter of which the pl. is said to be سُرُبٌ and سُرْبٌ. b2: A collection of خَيْل [i. e. horses, or horsemen], from twenty to thirty, (M, K,) or from ten to twenty. (M.) b3: A company of men who steal away from an army, and make a hostile incursion into the territory of a people, and return. (IAar, TA.) b4: A row of grape-vines: (M, K:) and any طَرِيقَة [meaning row or line]. (M.) b5: See also مَسْرُبَةٌ. b6: Also i. q. خُرْزَةٌ [i. e. A seam, or a stitch, or a puncture, or stitch-hole, of a skin or the like]. (M. [See also سَرْبَةٌ.]) سَرَابٌ [The mirage;] i. q. آلٌ: (As, M, TA:) or the semblance of water, (S, M, A, K,) of running water, (M,) at midday, (S, M, A, K,) cleaving to the ground, (M,) and [in appearance] lowering everything so that it becomes [as though it were] cleaving to the ground, having no شَخْص; (TA;) whereas the آل is that which is in the ضُحَى [or early part of the day when the sun is yet low], raising figures seen from a distance, and making them to quiver: (M:) [several other distinctions between the سراب and the آل, mentioned here in the TA, see voce آلٌ:] سَرَابٌ has no pl. (S and K voce نَهَارٌ.) One says أَخْدَعُ مِنْ سَرَابٍ [More deceitful than a middaymirage]. (A.) A2: سَرَابِ, like قَطَامِ, (A, K, TA,) i. e. indecl., with kesr for its termination, as also سَرَابُ, imperfectly decl., (TA,) determinate, (K, TA,) as a proper name, not having the article ال prefixed to it, (TA,) is the name of The she-camel of El-Basoos (البَسُوس), (K,) or the she-camel El-Basoos, (A, TA,) for El-Basoos was her surname: (TA:) whence the saying أَشْأَمُ مِنْ سَرَابِ [More inauspicious than Sarábi]: (A, K, TA:) a celebrated prov.: for she was the cause of a famous war. (TA.) سَرُوبٌ [Wont to go away at random]: see 1, near the beginning of the paragraph.

سَرِيبَةٌ A sheep, or goat, (شَاةٌ,) which one drives back, or brings back, from the water, when the sheep, or goats, are satisfied with drinking, and which they follow. (M, TA. [See also شَرِيبَةٌ.]) سَارِبٌ Going forth: and going away; as also ↓ سِرْبٌ; the latter expl. by IAar as syn. with ذَاهِبٌ and مَاضٍ: (M: [in one place in the TA the latter is erroneously written سيرب:]) or going away at random into the country, or in the land. (S, K.) See also سَرْبٌ, first sentence. You say مَالٌ سَارِبٌ, (A,) and فَحْلٌ سَارِبٌ, (TA,) i. e. [Camels, or cattle, and a stallion-camel,] repairing to the place of pasture: (A, TA:) and ظَيْبَةٌ سَارِبٌ (M) or سَارِبَةٌ (TA) [a she-gazelle] going away in her place of pasture. (M, TA.) A poet says, (S, M,) namely, El-Akhnas Ibn-Shiháb ElTeghlibee, (TA,) وَكُلُّ أُنَاسٍ قَارَبُوا قَيْدَ فَحْلِهِمْ وَنَحْنُ خَلَعْنَا قَيْدَهُ فَهُوَ سَارِبُ

[And all other men have contracted the shackles of their stallion-camel; but we have pulled off his shackles, and he is going away whithersoever he will in his place of pasture]: (S, M, TA: but in the last, حَلَلْنَا is put in the place of خَلَعْنَا: [in the Ham (p. 347) it begins thus: أَرَى كُلَّ قَوْمٍ:]) this, says As, is a prov.; meaning [other] men have abode in one place, not daring to remove to another, and have contracted the shackles of their stallion, that is, confined him, that he may not advance, and be followed by their [other] camels; fearing a hostile attack upon them: but we are people of might, wandering about the land, and going whithersoever we will; and we have pulled off the shackles of our stallion, that he may go whither he will; and whithersoever he hastes away to herbage produced by the rain, thither we follow him: (IB, TA:) or it may be that by the فحل he means the chief, whom, Abu-l-'Alà says, he likens to the stallion-camel. (Ham p. 347.) And hence the saying in the Kur [xiii. 11], مُسْتَخْفٍ بِاللَّيْلِ وَسَارِبٌ بِالنَّهَارِ, (S, M, TA,) i. e. [Hiding himself by night, and] appearing by day: (S:) or appearing by day in his way, or road, or in the roads: or, as is related on the authority of Akh, appearing by night, and hiding himself by day; and Ktr says the same of سارب. (TA.) أُسْرُبٌ, (M, K,) and أُسْرُبٌّ, (M, Msb, K,) the former mentioned by Sh, (TA,) [the latter the more common,] a Pers\. word, (M, TA,) arabicized, (Msb, TA,) originally أُسْرُبْ, (M,) [or أُسْرُپْ,] or أُسْرُفْ, (Msb, MF, TA,) [and in the TA سترب,] i. q. رَصَاصٌ [i. e. Lead], (M, Msb,) or آنُكٌ [which signifies the same, or black lead, or tin, or pewter]. (K.) b2: And the latter, The fume of [molten] silver. (M. [See 1, last sentence.]) مَسْرَبٌ A way by which one goes; [like سَرْبٌ and سُرْبَةٌ;] syn. مَذْهَبٌ: (Har p. 448:) a place in which the مَال [i. e. camels, or cattle,] go to pasture (تَسْرُبُ); (Ham p. 99;) and ↓ مَسْرَبَةٌ signifies [the same, or] a place of pasture: (S, K:) pl. of the former مَسَارِبُ, (Ham ubi suprà,) and so of the latter. (S, K.) b2: And A channel of water. (A, and Har ubi suprà.) [Hence,] one says, اِخْضَلَّتْ مَسَارِبُ عَيْنَيْهِ i. e. (tropical:) The channels of the tears [of his eyes became moist so as to scatter drops]. (A.) مَسْرَبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: Also The passage, and place of exit, of the dung; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) in this sense with fet-h (Mgh, Msb) only [i. e. to the ر]; or so and likewise ↓ مَسْرُبَةٌ: and both signify the upper part of the anus. (TA.) b3: See also the next following paragraph. b4: Also [A sitting-place] like a صُفَّة [q. v.], before a [chamber such as is called] غُرْفَة: not مشربة; for this is a غُرْفَة [itself]. (TA.) مَسْرُبَةٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) with damm to the ر, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and ↓ مَسْرَبَةٌ, (M, Msb,) with fet-h, (Msb,) i. e. to the ر, (TA,) and ↓ سُرْبَةٌ, (M, K,) The narrow hair that extends from the breast to the navel: (S:) or the hair growing in the middle of the breast, extending to the belly: (M, K:) or the hair extending from the breast to the pubes: (A, Mgh:) or the hair of the breast, extending to the pubes: (Msb:) and ↓ سِرْبٌ, also, signifies the hair of the breast. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce جِذْمٌ.] b2: The مَسَارِب of beasts are The soft parts of their bellies: (M, TA:) or the مسربة of any beast means the upper parts, from the part next the neck to the root of the tail: and the soft parts of the belly, and the groins, or any similar parts. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) b3: See also مَسْرَبَةٌ.

مَسْرُوبٌ: see 1, last sentence.

مُنْسَرِبٌ Very tall; (K, TA;) applied to a man: and very long; applied to hair. (TA.)

سقف

1 سَقَفَ البَيْتَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) or ـَ (K, [but this is app. a mistake, being anomalous,]) inf. n. سَقْفٌ, (S, O, Mgh,) He made a سَقْف [i. e. ceiling, or roof,] to the house or chamber or tent; [he ceiled it, or roofed it;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اسقفهُ; (Msb;) and ↓ سقّفهُ, inf. n. تَسْقِيفٌ; (O, K;) or this last has an intensive signification. (Msb.) A2: سَقِفَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَقَفٌ, He was, or became, tall, and bent, or bowed; said of a man, and of an ostrich, &c. (TA.) A3: See also 5.2 سَقَّفَ see 1.

A2: سُقِفَ, inf. n. تَسْقِيفٌ, He was made an أُسْقُفّ [i. e. a bishop]. (O, K.) 4 أَسْقَفَ see 1.5 تسقّف He became an أُسْقُفّ [i. e. a bishop]; (O, K;) as also ↓ سقف [app. سَقَفَ], inf. n. سِقِّيفَى

[like خِلِيفَى inf. n. of خَلَفَ]. (TK.) سَقْفٌ The ceiling, roof, or covering, (JK, MA, PS,) of a house or chamber or tent; (JK, S, MA, K, PS;) as also ↓ سَقِفٌ; (K;) so called because of its height, and the tallness of its wall [or walls]: (TA:) pl. of the former سُقُوفٌ and سُقُفٌ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter pl. on the authority of Akh, (S,) extr., (Msb,) or, accord. to Fr, this is pl. of ↓ سَقِيفٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) or, accord. to Fr, it may be a pl. pl., i. e. you may say سَقْفٌ and سُقُوفٌ and [then] سُقُفٌ [as pl. of سُقُوفٌ], (TA,) and سُقْفٌ [also] is a pl. of سَقْفٌ. (Ham p. 227.) [In the Kur xliii. 32,] Aboo-Jaafar read سَقْفًا مِنْ فِضَّةٍ; with fet-h: (TA:) others read سُقُفًا: (S, TA:) in the former reading, it is a sing. denoting a pl. meaning; i. e., “we would have made to the house of every one of them a سَقْف of silver. ” (TA.) b2: [Hence,] The sky, or heaven: (S, K:) this is called سَقْفُ الأَرْضِ [the ceiling, or roof, of the earth]: of the masc. gender: occurring in the Kur xxi. 33 and lii. 5. (TA.) A2: Also, applied to the لَحْى [or part on which the beard grows] Long, and flaccid, or pendulous; syn. طَوِيلٌ مُسْتَرْخٍ. (S, K.) A3: See also أُسْقُفٌّ.

سُقْفٌ: see أُسْقُفٌّ.

A2: Also a pl. of سَقْفٌ [q. v.: perhaps a contraction of سُقُفٌ]. (Ham p. 227.) سَقَفٌ Tallness, with a bending, or bowing: (S, K:) it is in a man, (S,) [and] in an ostrich &c. (K.) [See 1, second sentence.]

السُّقَفَآءَ in the saying of El-Hajjáj, إِيَّاىَوَهٰذِهِ

ألسُّقَفَآءَ [Beware ye of me with respect to these سقفاء], (S, K, * TA,) is [said to be] a word of which the meaning is unknown: (S:) KT says, “ I have asked often respecting it, and no one knew it: ” but accord. to Z, as is related by IAth, (TA,) it is said to be a mistranscription for الشُّفَعَآء, (K, * TA,) pl. of شَفِيعٌ; (TA;) for they used to assemble in the presence of the Sultán and intercede for him who was suspected, (K, TA,) and for criminals; and he [i. e. El-Hajjáj] forbade their doing that. (TA.) سَقِيفٌ: see سَقْفٌ, in two places: b2: and see also the paragraph here following, in two places.

سَقِيفَةٌ A صُفَّة, (S, Msb, K, TA,) or the like, (TA,) [i. e. a roof, or covering,] such as projects [over the door of a house], (TA,) [or of which the ends of the beams rest upon opposite houses; i. e.] a ظُلَّة; [often applied in the present day to a roofed, or covered, portion of a street or the like;] and any wing or porch or other thing [of a building] that is roofed over: (Msb:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: (TA:) pl. سَقَائِفُ (Msb) and [coll. gen. n.]

↓ سَقِيفٌ. (MA.) b2: Any broad piece of wood, such as a plank, or a broad piece of stone, with which one may form a roof (O, K, TA) to the lurking-place of a hunter &c. (O, TA.) and [the pl.] سَقَائِفُ signifies The طوايق [app. a mistranscription for طَوَابِق, and, if so, meaning, agreeably with a modern usage, flat stones covering a hollow such as that] of the lurking-place of the hunter. (TA.) [And The pieces of wood which form the roof of the kind of vehicle called مَحْمِل: see عَارِضَةٌ: and see also خُذْرُوفٌ.] b3: (tropical:) A plank [app. of the deck] of a ship or boat: (S, K, TA:) pl. as above. (S, TA.) b4: (tropical:) A single cranial bone of the head of the camel: (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA:) the cranial bones being termed سَقَائِفُ الرَّأْسِ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) A single rib of a camel: (K, TA:) its ribs being termed سَقَائِفُ (Az, Z, O, TA) and ↓ سَقِيفٌ. (O, TA.) One says, هَدَمَ السَّفَرُ سَقَائِفَ البَعِيرِ [Travel disjointed, or luxated,] the ribs of the camel. (Az, Z, TA.) b6: Also (tropical:) A splint; i. e. a piece of wood with which a bone is set, or reduced from a fractured state: (O, K, TA:) pl. as above. (O, TA.) b7: And A broad and long piece of wood, which is put, or laid down, and upon which are wound the mats of reeds (البَوَارِىّ) above the house-tops of the people of El-Basrah. (TA. [See also سَفِيقَةٌ.]) b8: And (assumed tropical:) Any piece of gold, and of silver, that is beaten thin and long. (TA. [See, again, سَفِيقَةٌ.]) سَقَّافٌ One whose occupation is the construction of ceilings or roofs (سُقُوف). (TA.) سِقِيفَى [and ↓ أُسْقُفِيَّةٌِ or أُسْقُفِيَّةٌ] The office of an أُسْقُفّ [i. e. of a bishop]. (K, * O, TA.) [See also 5.]

أَسْقَفُ Tall, and bent, or bowed; (S, K;) applied to a man, (S, TA,) and to an ostrich, &c.; (K, TA;) as also with damm, (K,) i. e. ↓ اُسْقُفٌ: (TA:) fem. سَقْفَآءُ, (K,) mentioned by IB as an epithet applied to a female ostrich: (TA:) and hence the ↓ أُسْقُفّ of the Christians, (S, K,) accord. to ISk [and others ignorant of its true derivation], because he affects lowliness. (S.) And, applied to a man, [simply,] Tall; (K;) likened to the سَقْف [or ceiling, or roof,] in height; (TA;) and so ↓ مُسَقَّفٌ: (O, K:) or thick and big in the bones: (K:) and [simply] bent, or bowed: (TA:) and, applied to an ostrich, crooked in the neck (K, TA) and the legs: (TA:) fem. as above; (K;) which is applied to a female ostrich as meaning long and crooked in the legs: (O:) or to a she-camel as meaning long in the hind legs, and in like manner applied to a she-ostrich. (JK.) b2: And, applied to a camel, Having no fur upon him. (K.) أُسْقُفٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: b2: and the next following also.

أُسْقُفٌّ and ↓ أُسْقُفٌ, (S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ سَقْفٌ (K) and ↓ سَقْفٌ, (TA,) [each a variation of] a foreign word used by the Arabs, (TA,) [from the Greek ἐπίσκοπος, A bishop; i. e.] a headman of the Christians (S, Msb, K) in religion; (S, K;) or [more exactly] one who is above the قِسِيس [i. e. presbyter, or priest], and below the مَطْرَان [or metropolitan]: (K:) or one who is learned (K, TA) in their religion: (TA:) or a king who affects lowliness in his gait: (K: [a very strange explanation:]) pl. أَسَاقِفَةٌ (Msb, K) and أَسَاقِفُ. (K.) See also أَسْقَفُ.

أُسْقُفِيَّةٌ or أُسْقُفِيَّةٌ: see سِقِيفَى.

مُسَقَّفٌ Wide in the bone [or bones] of the body. (JK.) b2: See also أَسْقَفُ.

شَعَرٌ مُسَقْفَفٌ, (K accord. to the TA,) or ↓ مُسْتَقِفٌّ, (so in several copies of the K,) or both, (TK,) Hair that is raised, and shaggy, or dishe-velled, or disordered. (K.) مُسْتَقِفُّ: see what next precedes.

وتر

1 وَتَرَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. وَتْرٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ اوترهُ; (S, Msb, K;) He made it, (a number, Msb,) sole; or one, and no more: syn. أَفَذَّهُ, (S, K,) or أَفْرَدَهُ. (Msb.) It is said that the latter verb only is used in relation to a number; but both are said to be thus used in the M [as well as in the Msb.] (TA.) b2: [And He made it to be an odd number.] You say, وَتَرَ القَوْمَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. وَتْرٌ; (M;) and ↓ أَوْتَرَهُمْ; (M, K;) He made the people, they being an even number, to be an odd number. (M, K, TA.) 'Atà says, كَانَ القَوْمُ وِتْرًا فَشَفَعْتُهُمْ وَكَانُوا شَفْعًا فَوَتَرْتُهُمْ [The people were an odd number and I made them an even number, and they were an even number and I made them an odd number]. (TA.) You say also, وَتَرَ الصَّلَاةَ, (Msb, K,) and ↓ أَوْتَرَهَا, (T, S, Msb, K,) and ↓ وَتَّرَهَا, (K,) and فِىالصَّلَاةِ ↓ أَوْتَرَ, (Lh, M,) He made the prayer to be such as is termed وِتْر [i. e., to consist of an odd number of rek'as; as is done in the case of a prayer which is performed in the night, consisting of three rek'ahs, and particularly called صَلَاةُ الوِتْرِ]; (S, * Msb, K; *) he performed prayers of double rek'ahs, two and two together, and then performed the prayer of one rek'ah at the end, making what he performed an odd number: (T:) and ↓ أَوْتَرَ, alone, signifies he performed the prayer called الوِتْر [explained above]; (T, M, A, Mgh, K;) or he performed prayers of [an odd number of rek'ahs,] two and two together, and then a single rek'ah at the end. (TA.) It is said in a trad. إِنَّ اللّٰهَ وِتْرٌ يُحِبُّ الوِتْرَ فَأَوْتِرُوا يَا أَهْلَ الْقُرْآنِ [Verily God is one only: He loveth the odd number: therefore perform ye the prayer of an odd number of rek'ahs, O people of the Kur-án]. (T.) And in another trad., إِذَا اسْتَجْمَرْتَ فَأَوْتِرْ When thou employest stones in the purification termed إِسْتِنْجَآء, use an odd number; (TA;) i. e. use three stones for that purpose, or five, or seven, and not an even number. (T.) A2: وَتَرَهُ, (T, S, A, Mgh,) aor. ـِ inf. n. وَتْرٌ (S,) and وِتْرٌ and تِرَةٌ, (T, S,) He slew his relation, and so separated him from him, and rendered him solitary: (A, Mgh:) or he slew a person belonging to him, or related to him, without the latter's obtaining revenge, or retaliation, for the blood of the slain: (S:) or he slew a person belonging to him, or related to him; or took property belonging to him. (T.) It is also doubly trans.: you say, وَتَرَ فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا أَهْلَهُ Such a one committed a crime against such a one by slaying his family; or by taking them away: (T:) and وَتَرَةُ مَالَهُ (T, M, K) (assumed tropical:) he committed a crime against him by taking away his property: (T:) or (assumed tropical:) he made him to suffer loss or detriment in respect of his property; or he deprived him of it in part, or altogether; syn. نَقَصَهُ إِيَّاهُ: (T, * M, K:) and وَتَرَهُ حَقَّهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) (tropical:) he made him to suffer loss or detriment in respect of his right or due; or he abridged him, or deprived him, or defrauded him, of it partially, or wholly; syn. نقصهُ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) It is said in a trad., مَنْ فَاتَتْهُ صَلَاةُ العَصْرِ فَكَأَنَّمَا وُتِرَ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ (T, M, * Msb, * TA) By whomsoever the prayer of the afternoon passeth unobserved, he is as though he had his family slain and his property taken away: or as though he had his family and his property taken away: (T:) or as though he were deprived (نُقِصَ) of his family and his property, (T, M, Msb, TA,) and remained alone: (T, TA:) the loss of the family and property is thus likened to the loss of the recompense: اهله and ماله being in the accus. case as objective complements: (Msb:) اهله is a second objective complement: for the first is understood, as implied in the verb: but if we read أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ, accord. to another relation, اهله supplies the place of the agent, nothing being understood, and the family and property are the objects to which the loss is made to relate. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., مَنْ جَلَسَ مَجْلِسًا لَمْ يَذْكُرِ اللّٰهَ فِيهِ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ تِرَةً (assumed tropical:) He who sitteth in an assembly in which God is not mentioned is obnoxious to detriment, or loss: or, as some say, to a claim of reparation for wrongful conduct. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur, [xlvii. 37,] وَلَنَ يَتِرَكُمْ أَعْمَالَكُمْ (assumed tropical:) and He will not deprive you of aught of the recompence of your deeds: (Zj, T:) or will not make you to suffer loss in respect of your deeds; like as you say دَخَلْتُ البَيْتَ, meaning دَخَلْتُ فِى

البَيْتِ. (S.) b2: [Also,] وَتَرَهُ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. وَتْرٌ (M, K) and وِتْرٌ (TA) and تِرَةٌ, (M, K,) He executed blood-revenge upon him: or did so wrongfully: (M, * K, * TK:) expl. by أَصَابَهُ بِذَحْلٍ. (TK.) b3: He overtook him (أَدْرَكَهُ) with some displeasing, or abominable, or evil, action. (M, K.) b4: He frightened him; terrified him. (Fr, K.) A3: وَتَرَ القَوْسَ: see 2, in two places.2 وتّر الصَّلَاةَ: see 1, near the beginning.

A2: وتّر القَوْسَ He fastened, bound, firmly, or braced, the string of the bow; expl. by شَدَّ وَتَرَهَا; (Lh, M, K;) as also ↓ أَوْتَرَهَا; (Lh, M, Msb;) both these signify the same; (S, in which the meaning is not explained;) and ↓ وَتَرَهَا, (M, TA,) inf. n. وَتْرٌ: (TA:) or ↓ اوترها signifies he put to it a string: (M, K:) and ↓ وَتَرَهَا, (M, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. تِرَةٌ, (TA,) he attacked to it its string: (M, K:) this, accord. to some, is the proper signification of the last. (M.) It is said in a proverb, إِنْبَاضٌ بِغَيْرِ تَوْتِيرٍ [Twanging the bow without bracing the string]: (S:) or لَا تُعْجِلِ الإِنْبَاضَ قَبْلَ التَّوْتِيرِ [Hasten not the twanging of the bow before the bracing of the string]: alluding to the hastening a thing before its proper time. (M.) [See also art. نبض. And see 2 in arts. جنب and حنب.]3 واتر بَيْنَ أَخْبَارِهِ, (A, and so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ أَوْتَرَ, (M, and so in some copies of the K,) and بين كُتُبِهِ, (M,) and واتر أَخْبَارَهُ, (M, K; in the latter of which وَاتَرَهُ is put by mistake for وَاتَرَهَا, as is observed in the TA,) and كُتُبَهُ, (M, A, K,) inf. n. مُوَاتَرَةٌ (S, M, K,) and وِتَارٌ, (M, K,) He made his tidings, or narrations, and his writings, or letters, to follow one another: (M, A, K:) or with some intervals between them; for مواترة between things is only when there is some interval between them; otherwise it is مُدَارَكَةٌ and مُوَاصَلَةٌ: (S, K:) or واتر الكُتُبَ signifies he made the writings, or letters, to follow one another nearly, one by one, without ceasing: (S:) or he made them to follow one another with a small interval between every two: (T:) and وَاتر الخَبَرَ he made the tidings, or narration, to follow one part after another: or, accord. to As, with a small space between every two portions thereof: from وِتْرٌ in the sense of فَرْدٌ. (T.) Yousay also وَاتر بَيْنَ مِيَرِهِمْ He made their supplies of wheat to come to them without stopping; time after time. (TA, from a trad.) And it is said in a trad., لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُوَاتِرَ قَضَآءَ رَمَضَانَ There will be no harm in his performing the fast of Ramadán at intervals, fasting one day and breaking fast one day: (TA:) مُوَاتَرَةُ الصَّوْمِ is the fasting one day and breaking fast one day, or two; performing it separately: it does not mean المُوَاصَلَةُ, because it is from الوِتْرُ, (S, K, TA,) i. e., الفَرْدُ. (TA.) 4 أَوْتَرَ see 1, in seven places, first part. b2: اوتر بَيْنَ أَخْبَارِهِ: see 3.

A2: اوترهُ He made him to attain, or obtain, his blood-revenge. (Az, TA; and L in art. ثأر.) See an ex., voce ثَأْرٌ.

A3: اوتر القَوْسَ: see 2, in two places.5 توتّر (tropical:) It (a sinew, or nerve, T, M, A, K, and a vein, M, TA, not the neck, for العُنُقُ in the K is a mistake for العِرْقُ, TA) became tense, (M, K, TA,) like a bow-string. (M, TA.) 6 تواتر It was consecutive: or was so with intervals: (M, A, K:) or was so with separation, or interruption. (Msb.) You say, تواترت الإِبِلُ, and القَطَا, and so of any other things, The camels, and the birds of the kind called القطا, &c., came one near after another, not in a rank. (Lh, M.) And تواترت الخَيْلُ The horses came following one another. (Msb.) And تواترت الكُتُبُ The writings, or letters, came one near after another, separately. (S.) وَتْرٌ: see وِتْرٌ, throughout.

وِتْرٌ and ↓ وَتْرٌ, (T, S, M, A, Msb, K, &c.,) the former, [which is the more common,] in the dial. of Nejd, (Lh, M,) and of the tribe of Temeem, (T, S, M, Msb,) and of the people of El-'Áliyeh, (ISk, as on the authority of Yoo, and S) or the latter in the dial. of the people of El-'Áliyeh, (T, as on the authority of Yoo,) or of the people of El-Hijáz, (Lh, S, M,) Single; sole; only; one, and no more: syn. فَرْدٌ: (T, S, M, A, Msb, K:) or مَا لَمْ يُشْفَعْ مِنَ العَدَدِ: (M, A, K; except that in the K, instead of يُشْفَعْ, we find يَتَشَفَّعْ:) or contr. of شَفْعٌ: (Mgh:) [and an odd number:] all [even and odd] numbers are termed [respectively] شَفْعٌ and وَتْرٌ, whether many or few. (T.) b2: وِتْرًا وِتْرًا [Singly; separately; one by one]. (S, K.) [See شَفْعٌ.] b3: الوِتْرُ, one of the names of God, The Single; the Sole; the One; He who has no equal, or like; the Unequalled; syn. الفَذُّ and الفَرْدُ. (TA.) b4: صَلَاةُ الوَتْرِ, and الوِتْرُ alone: see 1, first part: it was sometimes said by Mohammad to be a single رَكْعَة. (T.) b5: In the words of the Kur, [89:2,] وَالشَّفْعٍ وَالْوَتْرِ by the former is meant all creatures which are created in pairs; and by the latter, God: (T:) or [by the former, Adam and his wife; and] by the latter, Adam, who was made a pair with his wife: (I' Ab, T:) or by the former, the day of the sacrifice; (T;) and by the latter, the day of 'Arafeh. (T, K.) (See more voce شَفَعٌ.]

A2: Also وِتْرٌ and ↓ وَتْرٌ, (T, S, M, A, Msb, K,) the former, [which is the more common,] in the dial. of Nejd, (Lh, M,) and of the tribe of Temeem, (Lh, T, S, M, Msb,) and of the people of El-'Áliyeh, (T, as on the authority of Yoo,) and El-Hijáz, (S,) or the latter in the dial. of the people of El-'Aliyeh, (ISk, as on the authority of Yoo, and S) and El-Hijáz, (Lh, M,) Blood-revenge; or retaliation of murder or homicide: or a seeking to revenge, or retaliate, blood: or a desire, or seeking, for retaliation of a crime or of enmity: syn. ذَحْلٌ: (T, S, M, Msb, K:) or wrongful conduct therein: as also ↓ تِرَةٌ and ↓ وَتِيرَةٌ, in either sense: (M, K:) or a crime which a man commits against another by slaughter or by plundering or by capture: (TA:) pl. [of وَتْرٌ]

أَوْتَارٌ and [of تِرَةٌ] تِرَاتٌ. (A.) وَتَرٌ The string, and the suspensory, syn. شِرْعَة and مُعَلَّق [the latter signifying properly the appendage, (see خَطَمَ القَوْسَ بِالوَتَرِ, and see نَياطٌ,)] (M, K,) of a bow: (S, M, Msb, K:) [and in like manner, a chord of a lute and the like:] pl. أَوْتَارٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and وِتَارٌ. (Fr, Sgh, TA.) b2: Also pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of وَتَرَةٌ [q. v.] in all the senses of the latter. (K.) وَتَرَةٌ, of the nose, The partition between the two nostrils [consisting of the septum and subseptum narium, or the subseptum alone]; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ وَتِيرَةٌ: (S, A, Msb, K:) or the former signifies what is between the two nostrils: (M:) or the junction that is between the two nostrils: (T:) or the edge of the nostril: (M, K:) accord. to Lh, (M,) what is between the tip of the nose and the سَبَلَة [or middle of the mustache; app. meaning, the subseptum narium]: (M, K:) and the latter, the partition between the two nostrils, of the fore part of the nose, exclusive of the cartilage; [i. e., app. the subseptum narium: (Az, T:) and the former, in a horse, what is between the tip of the nose and the upper part of the lip: (M:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of the former, in all its senses, وَتَرٌ. (K.) In a trad. in which it is said that the fine for destroying the وَتَرَة is a third of the fine for homicide, by this word is meant the وَتَرَة of the nose. (TA.) b2: The sinew, or nerve, (عَقَبَة,) of the back (متن). (M.) وَتِيرٌ: see وَتِيرَةٌ, near the end.

وَتِيرَةٌ: see وِتْرٌ.

A2: A way, course, mode, or manner of acting, or conduct, or the like: (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) and nature, or disposition: (A, Mgh:) from تَوَاتَرَ: (Th, M, A, Mgh:) or a road keeping close to a mountain, (K, TA,) and pursuing a regular, uniform course: (TA:) or constancy, or perseverence, in a thing, (AO, T, Msb, TA,) or in a work. (TA.) You say, مَازَالَ عَلَى وَتِيرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ He ceased not to follow, or continue in, one way, (&c.,) of acting or the like: (T, S, M, A:) or one disposition. (A.) And هُمْ عَلَى وَتِيرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ They follow, or con-tinue in, one way, &c. (A, Mgh, Msb.) A3: Remissness, or languor, syn. فَتْرَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) in an affair: (M, K:) and syn تَوَانٍ [which signifies the same]: and faultiness; syn. غَمِيزَةٌ, (M, K,) [in some copies of the latter, غَمِيرَةٌ, with the unpointed ر.]) You say, مَا فِى عَمَلِهِ وَتِيرَةٌ There is no remissness, or languor, in his work. (S, A, Msb.) And سَيْرٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ وَتِيرَةٌ A journeying, or pace, in which is no remissness, or languor. (S.) b2: Delay. (M, K.) b3: Confinement; restriction; restraint. (M, K.) A4: I. q. وَتَرَةٌ, as explained above.

A5: A ring (S, M, K) of عَقَب [or sinew], (S,) by aiming at which one learns the art of piercing with the spear; (S, M, K;) also called دَرِيْئَةٌ: (S:) or a ring that is made at the end of a spear or spear-shaft, by aiming at which one learns the art of shooting, or casting [the lance]; made of bow-string or of other string or thread. (M.) A6: A white rose: (S, M, A, K:) or red rose: (Kr, M, K:) or a rose-flower; a rose-blossom: (AHn, M, K: *) n. un. of ↓ وَتِيرٌ. (AHn. M.) A7: A star, or blaze, or white mark, on the forehead or face of a horse, when round, (T, M, A, K,) and small: (A:) when long, it is called شَادِخَةٌ: (AO, T:) likened to the ring above mentioned, thus called; (T;) or to a white rose, which is also thus called. (A.) See غُرَّةٌ.

تِرَةٌ: see وِتْرٌ. The ت is substituted for the elided و. (TA.) جَاؤُوا تَتْرَى, and تَتْرًى, with and without tenween, and with ت substituted for the original incipient و, (T, * S, * M, A, * Msb, * K,) in the former whereof, (S, M,) which is the better, (S,) and the more common, (Fr,) pronounced by Hamzeh and Ibn-'Ámir and Ks with imáleh, [i. e. tetrè,] (Bd, xxiii. 46,) the ا [which is written ى] is a sign of the fem. gender, and in the latter whereof it is an ا of quasi-coördination, (S, M,) from وِتْرٌ in the sense of فَرْدٌ, (S,) They came following one another; one after another; (A, Msb;) syn. مُتَوَاتِرِينَ: (M, K:) or interruptedly. (Yoo, T.) It is said in the Kur, [xxiii. 46,] ثَمَّ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا تَتْرَى, or تَتَرًى, Then we sent our apostles one after another: (S:) or interruptedly; at intervals: (Yoo, T, M:) or making a long time to intervene between every two. (T.) فَرَسٌ مُوَتَّرُ الأَنْسَآءِ (tropical:) A horse contracted in the [veins called] أَنْسَآء, [pl. of نَسًا,] as though they were braced, or made tense. (A, * TA.) See شَنِجٌ.

مَوْتُورٌ One who has his relation slain, and so is separated from him, and rendered solitary: (TA:) and one who has a person belonging to him, or related to him, slain, and has not obtained revenge, or retaliation, for his blood: (S, K, TA:) a seeker of blood-revenge, or retaliation; one to whom belongs the revenging of blood, or retaliation. (TA.) [See an ex. voce ثَأْرٌ.]

مُتَواَتِرٌ Consecutive, but with small intervals: thus differing from مُتَدَارِكٌ and مَتَتَابِعٌ. (Lh, M. [But see تَتَابَعَ.]) You say, جَاؤُوا مُتَوَاتِرِينَ: explained above, voce تَتْرَى. (M, K.) خَبَرٌ مُتَوَاتِرٌ Tidings, or a narration, told, or related, by one from another: (T:) or by one after another. (TA.)

زوج

2 زوّج شَيْئًا بِشَىْءٍ, and زوّجهُ إِلَيْهِ, [inf. n. تَزْوِيجٌ,] He coupled, or paired, a thing with a thing; united it to it as its fellow, or like. (TA.) So in the Kur [xliv. 54 and lii. 20], زَوَّجْنَاهُمْ بِحُورٍ عِينٍ

We will couple them, or pair them, [with females having eyes like those of gazelles:] (S, Mgh, K, TA:) the meaning is not the تَزْوِيج commonly known, [i. e. marriage,] for there will be no [such] تزويج in Paradise. (MF, TA.) And so in the Kur [lxxxi. 7], وَإِذَا النُّفُوسُ زُوِّجَتْ and when the souls shall be coupled, or paired, or united with their fellows: (TA:) i. e., with their bodies: (Bd, Jel:) or, each with its register: (Bd:) or with its works: (Bd, TA:) or the souls of the believers with the حُور, and those of the unbelievers with the devils: (Bd:) or when each sect, or party, shall be united with those whom it has followed. (TA.) And so in the phrase, زَوَّجْتُ إِبِلِى I coupled, or paired, my camels, one with another: (A:) or زَوَّجْتُ بَيْنَ الإِبِلِ I coupled, or paired, every one of the camels with another. (TA.) So too in the Kur [xlii. 49], أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْرَانًا وَإِنَاثًا Or He maketh them couples, or pairs, males and females: or, accord. to AM, maketh them of different sorts [or sexes], males and females: for b2: تَزْوِيجٌ signifies [also] The making to be of different sorts or species [&c.]. (TA.) b3: زَوَّجْتُهُ امْرَأَةً, (T, S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) making the verb doubly trans. by itself, [without a particle,] meaning I married him, or gave him in marriage, to a woman; (Msb, TA;) as also بِامْرَأَةٍ; (A, K;) Akh says that this is allowable [app. as being of the dial. of Azd-Shanooäh (see 5)]: (Msb, TA:) [when the verb is trans. by means of بِ, it generally has the meaning expl. in the first sentence of this art.:] زَوَّجْتُ مِنْهُ امْرَأَةً is not of the language of the Arabs: (T, Mgh, TA:) [but see a similar phrase in a verse cited in art. حصن, conj. 4:] the lawyers say, زَوَّجْتُهُ مِنْهَا [meaning I married him to her]; but this is a phrase for which there is no reasonable way of accounting, unless that it is accord. to the opinion of those who hold that مِنْ may be redundant in an affirmative proposition, or that of those who hold that it may be substituted for بِ. (Msb.) 3 زاوجهُ, [inf. n. مُزَاوَجَةٌ and زِوَاجٌ] It, or he, was, or became, a couple, or pair, with it, or him: or made a coupling, or pairing, with it, or him. (MA.) [And زَاوَجَا They two formed together a couple, or pair.] b2: [And زاوجا, inf. n. as above, They married each other.] You say, هُذَيْلٌ يُزَاوِجُ عِكْرِمَةَ [The tribe of Hudheyl intermarry with that of 'Ikrimeh]. (A. [See also 6.]) b3: زاوج بَيْنَهُمَا and ↓ ازوج (tropical:) [He made them two (referring to sentences or phrases) to have a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or to be connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other]. (A, TA.) See also 8, in three places.4 أَزْوَجَ see the next preceding paragraph.5 تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً, (T, S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K,) thus the Arabs say accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) meaning I married a woman; i. e., took a woman in marriage; took her as my wife; (Msb, TA;) as also بِامْرَأَةٍ; (A, * K;) or this is rare; (K;) Akh says that it is allowable; (Msb, TA;) and it is said to be of the dial. of AzdShanooäh, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) by Fr; (S, TA;) but accord. to Yoo (S, Mgh) and ISK, (Mgh,) it is not of the language of the Arabs. (T, S, Mgh.) And تزوّج فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ (A, Msb, TA) He married, or took a wife, among the sons of such a one. (Msb, TA.) And تزوّج إِلَيْهِ i. q. خَاتَنَهُ [He allied himself to him by marriage]. (K in art. ختن.) b2: [Hence,] تزوّجهُ النَّوْمُ (assumed tropical:) Sleep pervaded him; syn. خَالَطَهُ. (K.) 6 تزاوج القَوْمُ and ↓ اِزْدَوَجُوا The people, or party, married one another; intermarried. (TA. [See also 3.]) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.8 اِزْدَوَجَتِ الطَّيْرُ [The birds coupled, or paired, one with another]. (TA.) b2: See also 6. b3: اِزْدَوَجَا and ↓ تَزَاوَجَا [and ↓ زَاوَجَا], said of two phrases, or sentences, (A, TA,) (tropical:) They bore a mutual resemblance in their prose-rhymes, or in measure: or were connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: and in like manner, ازدوج and ↓ تزاوج, said of a phrase, or sentence, (tropical:) It was such that one part of it resembled another in the prose-rhyme, or in the measure: or consisted of two propositions connected, each with the other; or dependent, each on the other: (TA:) اِزْدِوَاجٌ and ↓ مُزَاوَجَةٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ تَزَاوُجٌ (S) are syn.: (S, A, * K:) ازدواج signifies A conformity, or mutual resemblance, [with respect to sound, or measure,] of two words occurring near together; as in the phrase مِنْ سَبَأٍ بِنَبَأٍ

[in the Kur xxvii. 22]: (Kull p. 31:) and this is also termed ↓ مُزَاوَجَةٌ and مُحَاذَاةٌ and مُوَازَنَةٌ and مُقَابَلَةٌ and مُؤَازَاةٌ. (Marginal note in a copy of the Muzhir, 22nd نوع.) زَاجٌ [Vitriol;] a well-known kind of salt; (K, TA;) called شَبٌّ يَمَانِىٌّ; [but see شَبٌّ;] which is a medicinal substance, and one of the ingredients of ink: (Lth, TA:) [pl. زَاجَاتٌ, meaning species, or sorts, of vitriol; namely, green, or sulphate of iron, which is an ingredient in ink, and is generally meant by the term زاج when unrestricted by an epithet; blue, or sulphate of copper; and white, or sulphate of zinc:] it is a Pers\. word, (S,) arabicized, (S, K,) originally زاگ. (TA.) زَوْجٌ primarily signifies A sort of thing of any kind [that is one of a pair or couple]: and زَوْجَانِ signifies a pair, or couple, i. e. any two things paired or coupled together, whether they be likes or contraries: زَوْجٌ signifying either one of such two things: (Az, TA:) or, accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, a sort of thing [absolutely]: (Mgh:) or a sort of thing having its like, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Msb,) as in the case of species; (Msb;) or having its contrary, (El-Ghooree, Mgh, Msb,) as the moist and the dry, and the male and the female, and the night and the day, and the bitter and the sweet; (Msb;) though sometimes applied to any sort of thing; and to a single thing: (El-Ghooree, Mgh:) or it is applied to a single thing only when having with it a thing of the same kind; (Mgh, Msb;) زَوْجَانِ signifying a pair, or couple, of such things: (Mgh:) the pl. is أَزْوَاجِ: (TA:) you say زَوْجَانِ مِنْ حَمَامٍ and زَوْجَا حَمَامٍ [A pair of pigeons]: (A:) and اِشْتَرَيْتُ زَوْجَى حَمَامٍ [I bought a pair of pigeons], meaning a male and a female: (S:) and زَوْجَا نِعَالٍ [A pair of sandals]: (S, A:) and in like manner زَوْجَيْنِ is used in the Kur xi. 42 and xxiii. 28; (S;) meaning a male and a female: (Bd, Jel:) or, accord. to the M, زَوْجٌ signifies one of a pair or couple: and also a pair or couple together: (TA:) and in like manner says AO, (Mgh, Msb,) and IKt, and IF: (Msb:) and ISh says that it signifies two; (Mgh;) and so says IDrd: (Msb:) so that you say, هُمَا زَوْجٌ as well as هُمَا زَوْجَانِ [meaning They two are a pair, or couple]; (S, K, TA;) like as you say, هُمَا سَوَآءٌ and هُمَا سِيَّانِ: (S, TA:) and عِنْدِى زَوْجُ نِعَالٍ, meaning [I have] two [sandals]; and زَوْجَانِ, meaning four: (Msb:) or زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ as meaning a male and a female [of pigeons] is a phrase which should not be used; one to which the vulgar are addicted: (TA:) IAmb says, the vulgar are wrong in thinking that زَوْجٌ signifies two; for the Arabs used not to employ such a phrase as زَوْجُ حَمَامٍ, but used to say زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الحَمَامِ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) meaning a male and a female; (TA;) and زَوْجَانِ مِنَ الخِفَافِ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) meaning the right and the left [of boots]: (TA:) nor did they apply the term زَوْجٌ to one of birds, like as they applied the dual, زَوْجَانِ, to two; but they applied the term فَرْدٌ to the male, and فَرْدَةٌ to the female: (Mgh, Msb:) Es-Sijistánee, also, says that the term زَوْجٌ should not be applied to two, neither of birds nor of other things, for this is a usage of the ignorant; but to every two, زَوْجَانِ: (Msb:) Az says that the grammarians disapprove the saying of ISh that زَوْجٌ signifies two of any things, (Mgh, * TA,) and that زَوْجَانِ مِنْ خِفَافٍ signifies [Two pairs of boots, or] four [boots]; for زَوْجٌ with them signifies one [of a pair or couple]: a man and his wife [together] are termed زَوْجَانِ: and ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ in the Kur [vi. 144 and xxxix. 8] means Eight ones [of pairs or couples]: the primary meaning of زَوْجٌ being that first mentioned in this paragraph; (TA:) in the Kur xxii. 5 and 1. 7 [it seems to be implied that it means pair or couple; but more probably in these instances] it means sort, or species: (Bd, Jel:) it is also expl. by the word لَوْنٌ [used in this last sense]: (T, TA;) in the Kur xxxviii. 58, its pl. أَزْوَاجٌ means أَلْوَانٌ and أَنْوَاعٌ [i. e. sorts, or species] of punishment: F explains the sing. as meaning لَوْنٌ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ وَنَحْوِهِ [a sort, or species, of silk brocade and the like]; but his restricting the signification by the words من الديباج ونحوه is not right, as is shown by a citation, in the T, of a verse of El-Aashà, in which he uses the phrase كُلُّ زَوْجٍ مِنَ الدِّيبَاجِ [every sort, or species, of silk brocade], as an ex. of زوج in the sense of لون. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] A woman's husband: and a man's wife: in which latter sense ↓ زَوْجَةٌ is also used; (S, M, A, Mgh, * Msb, K; *) as in a verse of El-Farezdak cited in art بول, conj. 10; (S, Mgh;) but it is disallowed by As; (TA;) and the former word is the one of high authority, (Mgh, Msb,) and is that which occurs in the Kur, in ii. 33 and vii. 18, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and in iv. 24, (Mgh, TA,) and in xxxiii. 37: (Mgh:) AHát says that the people of Nejd call a wife ↓ زَوْجَةٌ, and that the people of the Haram use this word: but ISk says that the people of El-Hijáz call a wife زَوْجٌ; and the rest of the Arabs, ↓ زَوْجَةٌ: the lawyers use this latter word only, as applied to a wife, for the sake of perspicuity, fearing to confound the male with the female: (Msb:) the pl. of زَوْجٌ is أَزْوَاجٌ (Msb, K *) and زِوَجَةٌ; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ زَوْجَةٌ is زَوْجَاتٌ (A, Mgh, Msb) and أَزْوَاجٌ also; (A, Msb;) and أَزَاوِيجُ occurs [as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَزْوَاجُ,] in a verse cited by ISk. (TA in art. نأج.) b3: [Hence also,] A consociate, an associate, or a comrade: (A:) its pl. in this sense is أَزْوَاجٌ, (S, A, K,) occurring in the Kur xxxvii. 22. (S, A.) b4: And A fellow, or like: pl. أَزْوَاجٌ: in this sense, each one of a pair of boots is the زوج of the other; and the husband is the زوج of the wife; and the wife, the زوج of the husband. (TA.) You say, عِنْدِى مِنْ هٰذَا أَزْوَاجٌ I have, of this, fellows, or likes. (TA.) b5: As used by arithmeticians, (Mgh, Msb,) contr. of فَرْدٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e. it signifies An even number; a number that may be divided into two equal numbers; (Msb;) as, for instance, four, and eight, as opposed to three, and seven: (Mgh:) pl. أَزْوَاجٌ. (S, Mgh.) One says زَوْجٌ أَوْ فَرْدٌ [Even or odd?], like as one says خَسًا أَوْ زَكًا [or rather زَكًا أَوْ خَسًا] and شَفْعٌ أَوْ وِتْرٌ. (S, Mgh.) b6: Also A [kind of cloth such as is termed] نَمَط [q. v.]: or silk brocade; syn. دِيبَاجٌ: (TA:) or a نَمَط that is thrown over the [kind of vehicle called]

هَوْدَج. (S, K, TA.) زِيجٌ: see art. زيج.

زَوْجَةٌ: see زَوْجٌ, in four places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

زَوْجِيَّةٌ and ↓ زَوَاجٌ [The marriage-state, or simply marriage]: the latter is a subst. from زَوَّجَ, [i. e. a quasi-inf. n.,] like سَلَامٌ from سَلَّمَ, and كَلَامٌ from كَلَّمَ. (Msb.) You say, بَيْنَهُمَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِيَّةِ and ↓ الزَّوَاجِ [Between them two is the right of the marriage-state, or of marriage]: (A, Msb:) and الزِّوَاجِ is also allowable as [an inf. n. of 3,] coordinate to المُزَاوَجَة. (Msb.) زَوَاجٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

زَائِجَةٌ: see art زيج.

مِزْوَاجٌ A woman who marries often: (S, K:) one who has had many husbands. (K.)

فسر

1 فَسَرَ, aor. ـِ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and فَسُرَ, (M, K,) inf. n. فَسْرٌ; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ فسّر, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَفْسِيرٌ; (S, K;) which latter is the more common; (IKtt;) or the latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He discovered, detected, revealed, developed, or disclosed, a thing that was concealed or obscured; (IAar, O, K;) or a meaning perceived by the intellect: (B:) he rendered a thing apparent, plain, or clear; explained, expounded, or interpreted, it: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) accord. to Th (O, K, TA) and IAar, (TA,) ↓ تَفْسِيرٌ and تَأْوِيلٌ signify the same; (O, K, TA;) and so these and مَعْنًى: (O, TA:) or ↓ تفسير signifies the discovering, detecting, revealing, developing, or disclosing, what is meant by a dubious expression; and تأويل signifies the “ reducing one of two senses, or interpretations, which an expression bears, or admits, to that which suits the apparent meaning: ” (O, L, K, TA:) or the latter, the “ turning a verse of the Kur-án from its apparent meaning to a meaning which it bears, or admits, when the latter is agreeable with the Kur-án and the Sunneh: ” for instance, in the phrase in the Kur [vi. 95, &c.], يُخْرِجُ الْحَىَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ, if the meaning be [thus explained], “He produceth the bird from the egg,” this is ↓ تفسير: and if the meaning be [thus explained], “He produceth the believer from the unbeliever,” or “ the knowing from the ignorant,” this is تأويل: (KT:) or ↓ تفسير signifies the expounding, explaining, or interpreting, the narratives that occur collected without discrimination in the Kur-án, and making known the significations of the strange words or expressions, and explaining the occasions on which the verses were revealed; and تأويل, the “ explaining the meaning of that which is مُتَشَابِه, [or what is equivocal, or ambiguous,] i. e., what is not understood without repeated consideration. ” (TA.) b2: Also فَسَرَ, inf. n. فَسْرٌ; and ↓ فسّر, inf. n. تَفْسِرَةٌ, (S, O, K,) like تَذْكِرَةٌ; (TA;) or تَفْسِرَةٌ has the last of the significations assigned to it below as a subst.; (O, K, TA;) or it is postclassical; (S, O, K;) He (a physician) examined, or inspected, urine, (S, O, K, [but the inf. ns. only are mentioned,]) that he might judge, by its colour, of the disease of the person from whom it came. (TA.) 2 فَسَّرَ see the preceding paragraph, in six places.5 تَفَسَّرَ see the next following paragraph.10 استفسرهُ كَذَا He asked him to explain, expound, or interpret, such a thing to him: (S, Msb, TA:) and ↓ تَفَسُّرٌ is like اِسْتِفْسَارٌ. (TA.) تَفْسِرَةٌ Anything by which is known the explanation and meaning of a thing: (O, TA:) or anything which interprets, or explains, the state, or condition, of a thing. (B, TA.) b2: Urine by means of which, (M, O, K,) or by means of the colour of which, (TA,) one seeks to obtain an indication of the disease (M, O, K, TA) of a patient: (O, TA:) or it is an inf. n., as mentioned above. (O, K.) [See 1, last sentence.]

أَوْرَدَ كَلَامَهُ غَيْرَ مُفَسَّرٍ: see عَاهِنٌ.