حظو

1 حَظِيَتْ عِنْدَ زَوْجِهَا, (S, K, * TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حُظْوَةٌ and حِظْوَةٌ and حِظَةٌ, (S, TA,) She was, or became, fortunate, or happy, with her husband; near to his heart; in favour with him, or beloved by him; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ احتظت: and حَظِىَ هُوَ عِنْدَهَا [he was, or became, fortunate, or happy, with her; &c.]; as also ↓ احتظى. (K, * TA.) And حَظِىَ عِنْدَ النَّاسِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He was, or became, in favour with, or beloved by, and in high estimation with, the people, or men. (Msb.) And حَظِىَ عِنْدَ الأَمِيرِ and بِهِ ↓ احتظى [He was, or became, in favour, and high estimation, or an occupant of a high place, with the prince, or commander:] both signify the same. (S, TA.) And حَظِىَ بِكَذَا He was, or became, fortunate by means of such a thing. (MA.) [In the vulgar dial., He acquired, or obtained, such a thing.]

A2: حَظَا, aor. ـْ (K,) inf. n. حَظْوٌ, (TA,) He went in a gentle, or leisurely, manner, such as is termed حُظَيَّا. (K.) 4 احظاهُ It [or he] caused him [to be fortunate or happy, to be in favour or to be beloved, or] to occupy a high place or rank [in the estimation of another or others]. (Har p. 379.) b2: [He favoured him, بِكَذَا with such a thing: for] احظى also signifies تَفَضَّلَ trans. by means of عَلَى. (Har p. 687.) b3: And أَحْظَيْتُهُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ I preferred him above such a one. (S, TA.) [See also 4 in art. حظ.]8 إِحْتَظَوَ see 1, in three places.

حِظَةٌ: see حُظْوَةٌ.

حَظْوٌ, or حِظْوٌ: see حُظْوَةٌ.

حَظٍ: see حَظِىٌّ. * حِظًى, or حِظًا; see حُظْوَةٌ.

حَظْوَةٌ: see حُظْوَةٌ.

A2: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حُظْوَةٌ (K) and ↓ حِظْوَةٌ, (MF, TA,) A small arrow, (S, K,) a cubit in length, (S,) with which children play, (K,) and with which they learn to shoot: (TA:) and any rod, or twig, growing upon the stock (أَصْل) of a tree, that has not yet become strong: (K:) pl. (in both senses, TA) حِظَآءٌ and حَظَوَاتٌ. (S, K.) The dim. ↓ حُظَيَّةٌ signifies Such an arrow having no head: the pl. is حُظَيَّاتٌ: (S:) and [hence,] إِحْدَي حُظَيَّاتِ لُقْمَانَ One of the [small headless] arrows of Lukmán, the son of 'Ád, is a prov., applied to him who is known for evil conduct, and from whom proceeds (S, K) something, (S,) or some good act. (K. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 52.]) حُظْوَةٌ and ↓ حِظْوَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَظْوَةٌ (Th, MF) and ↓ حِظَةٌ, (K,) [all, except the third, said to be inf. ns. of حَظِىَ and حَظِيَتْ, A state of fortunateness or happiness; nearness to the heart; a state of favour, of being beloved, or of being in high estimation; (see 1;)] high rank or standing, in the estimation of another or others; (K, TA;) and ideal nearness: or rank, station, or dignity, and advancement in the favour of a man of power or authority, and the like: (TA:) and a good share of the means of subsistence: (K:) pl. حِظًا and حِظَآءٌ: (K:) and ↓ حِظًى [or حِظًا] signifies the same as حظوة; (IAmb, TA;) or the same as ↓ حَظْوٌ, (so in some copies of the K, in art. حظى,) or ↓ حِظْوٌ, (so in other copies of the K and in the TA,) mentioned by Sgh, on the authority of Fr, (TA,) i. e. the same as حَظٌّ [good fortune, &c.]: (Ibn-Buzurj, K:) pl. أَحْظٍ, and pl. pl. أَحْاظٍ. (K.) Accord. to Az, one says, إِنَّهُ لَذُو حُظْوَةٍ فِيهِنَّ and عِنْدَهُنَّ [Verily he is a possessor of fortunateness, &c., among them and in their estimation; i. e., among those women and in the estimation of those women]; and he adds that one does not say this except in relation to a state subsisting between men and women: (TA:) and the mullà 'Alee, in his “ Námoos,”

[an Expos. of the Kámoos,] says that حظوة seems to apply peculiarly to the case of a woman, as it does in the common conventional language: but it is of common application, agreeably with the explanations in the K, as is expressly asserted on the authority of Th and others. (MF.) A2: See also حَظْوَةٌ.

حِظْوَةٌ: see حُظْوَةٌ: A2: and see also حَظْوَةٌ.

حَظِىٌّ part. n. of حَظِىَ, (Msb,) [Fortunate or happy,] in favour with, or beloved by, and in high estimation with, others; (S, * Msb, TA; *) occupying a high place or rank [in the estimation of another or others]; (S, TA;) and ↓ حَظٍ signifies the same: (Har p. 623:) fem. ↓ حَظِيَّةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to a woman in favour with, or beloved by, and in high estimation with, her husband; (Msb;) pl. حَظَايَا. (S, TA.) Yousay, ↓ هِىَ حَظِيَّتِى [She is my favourite], and إِحْدَيِ حَظَايَايَ [one of my favourites]. (S, TA.) For حَظِيَّةٌ, the vulgar say, erroneously, ↓ مَحْظِيَّة; [meaning thereby A concubine; in which sense حَظِيَّةٌ is used by late writers;] and making the pl. مَحَاظِى, which is also wrong. (TA.) Hence the prov., فَلَا أَلِيَّةً ↓ إِلَّا حَظِيَّةً, (S, K, TA,) explained in art. الو. b2: الحَظِىُّ also is applied to The eighth of the horses that are started together in a race. (Ham p. 46.) حَظِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes, in three places.

حُظَيَّةٌ: see حَظْوَةٌ.

حُظَيَّا A certain gentle, or leisurely, manner of going. (K.) هُوَ أَخْظَى مِنْهُ He is nearer to him, [or more in favour with him, more beloved and esteemed by him,] and more fortunate or happy [with him]. (TA.) [It may also mean He is nearer, or more in favour, &c., than he.]

مَحْظِيَّةٌ: see حَظِىٌّ.

قرب

1 قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and قُرْبَةٌ and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى (Mgh, Msb) and مَقْرَبَةٌ, (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with قُرْبٌ and قَرَابَةٌ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) syn. دَنَا; (S, O;) contr. of بَعُدَ: (Mgh:) or قُرْبٌ is in place, and قُرْبَةٌ is in station, or grade, or rank, and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى are in الرَّحِم [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, accord. to the T, قَرَابَةٌ is in النَّسَب [app. relationship in a general sense], and قُرْبَى is in الرَّحِم [app. as meaning relationship by the female side]: (TA:) You say, قَرُبَ مِنْهُ, (A, MA, Msb, K,) and إِلَيْهِ; (A;) and قَرِبَهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) inf. n. (of the former verb, Msb) قُرْبٌ, (Msb, K,) or قُرْبٌ and قُرْبَةٌ &c. as above, (Msb,) or قُرْبٌ and مَقْرَبَةٌ and مَقْرُبَةٌ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) قِرْبَانٌ (S, MA, O, K) and قُرْبَانٌ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) syn. دَنَا: (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says لَا تَقْرَبْ كَذَا with fet-h to the ر, the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or قَرِبْتُ الأَمْرَ, aor. ـَ and قَرَبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ i. e., like تَعِبَ and like قَتَلَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it]: an ex. of the former meaning is the saying [in the Kur xvii. 34], لَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا [Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, accord. to some, this is an ex. of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, قَرِبْتُ المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an ex. of the latter meaning is the saying, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الحِمَى i. e. لَا تَدْنُوا مِنْهُ [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in art. قدم. [See art. بعد.]) دَنَا مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ is expl. by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in art. دلو: see 5 in that art.) [And several other verbs belonging to this art. are syn., or nearly so, with قَرُبَ or with قَرِبَ in senses expl. above. Thus ↓ اقرب is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above, like as أَدْنَى is with دَنَا, for its inf. n.]

الإِقْرَابُ signifies الدُّبُوُّ. (TA.) ↓ اقترب, also, is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is syn. with دَنَا: (Msb:) or it is syn. with ↓ تقارب, (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ وَاقْتَرَبَ الوَعْدُ [in the Kur xxi. 97] signifies تقارب [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, اقترب مِنِّى

[meaning He drew near to me]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than قَرُبَ; for it denotes intensiveness in القُرْب; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ تقرّب [likewise] is syn. with [قَرُبَ, i. e.] دَنَا, in the phrase تقرّب مِنْهُ: (O: [see قَرُبَ مِنْهُ:]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, (تَدَنَّى,) to a thing. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ قارب, (ISd, TA,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) [like قَرِبَهُ in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.) b2: قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to certainty. (MF.) b3: In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.) A2: قَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. in. قِرَابَةٌ, He (a man) journeyed to water, there being between him and it a night's journey. (S, O.) [See also أَقْرَبَ القَوْمُ. Or,] accord. to Lth, you say, قَرَبُوا, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ [q. v.], meaning They, after pasturing their camels in the tract between them and the wateringplace, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened in their course. (TA.) And قَرَبَ الإِبِل [in some copies of the K الإِبِلَ and in others الإِبِلُ], aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ; thus in the K; but accord. to Th, قَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ; (TA;) i. e. The camels journeyed by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (K, * TA:) and [a man says, of himself,] قَرَبْتُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And قَرَبْتُ المَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ, so in the Fs [of Th, meaning I journeyed to the water by night in order to reach it on the following morning]. (TA.) [Or] you say, قَرَبُوا المَآءَ, meaning They sought, or sought to attain, the water. (A.) b3: And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a trad., وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللّٰهَ (assumed tropical:) We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus expl. by El-Khattábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ (tropical:) [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O: *) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.) A3: قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اقربهُ, (O,) inf. n. إِقْرَابٌ; (K;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or the former, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ the latter, (accord. to the S and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner ↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and ↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says, قِرَابًا ↓ قرّب and ↓ اقربهُ, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.) A4: قَرْبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, K, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, pl. of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.) A5: And قَرِبَ, (O, K,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. app. قَرَبٌ,] He (a man, TA) had a complaint (O, K) of his قُرْب or قُرُب, (K,) [i. e.] of his flank; (O;) as also ↓ قرّب, (O, * K, [in the former this verb is only indicated by the mention of its inf. n.,]) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ. (O, K.) 2 قرّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, He made, or caused, to be, or become, near, caused to approach, or brought, or drew, near, him, or it. (S, O, Msb. *) [Hence the phrase قَرَّبَ اللّٰهُ دَارَكَ, which see in what follows.] b2: [And hence, He made him to be a near associate; he made him an object of, or took him into, favour: and (agreeably with an explanation of the pass. in the Ham p. 184) he made him, or rendered him, an object of honour.] One says, قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ meaning He (a king, or a governor, or prince, [or any other person who was either a superioror an equal,]) made him to be to him a قُرْبَان, i. e. [a near associate, or] a consessor, or a particular, or special, associate or companion [&c.: see قُرْبَانٌ]. (TA.) b3: قَرَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ, in the Kur li. 27, means He presented it, or offered it, to them: (Jel:) or he placed it, or put it, before them. (Bd.) And one says also, قرّب خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ [He brought, or placed, his adversary before the Sultán]. (Mgh in art. رفع.) And ↓ قرّب لِلّٰهِ قَرْبَانًا [He offered, or presented, to God, an offering, or oblation]. (S, O: in the Msb, إِلَى اللّٰهِ.) b4: حَيَّا وَقَرَّبَ, (A, O,) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (K,) signifies (tropical:) He said, حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ وَقَرَّبَ دَارَكَ [May God preserve thee alive, or prolong thy life, and make thine abode to be near]: (A, O, K:) one says thus of a host to a visitor. (TA.) b5: And التَّقْرِيبُ signifies also The denoting nearness. (Mughnee and K * voce أَوْ, and Kull pp.82 and 83 and 124.) Thus what is termed تَصْغِيرُ التَّقْرِيبِ [The diminutive denoting nearness] is such as occurs in the saying, دَارِى قُبَيْلَ المَسْجِدِ [“ My house is a little before the mosque ”]. (Kull p. 124.) b6: And The advancing an argument in such a manner as renders the desired conclusion a necessary consequence. (MF.) b7: and A certain sort of عَدْو [or running] (S, O, K) of a horse: (S, O:) one says, of a horse, قرّب, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) meaning he raised his fore legs together and put them down together (S, O, K *) in running: (S, O:) or he ran [as though] pelting the ground [with his hoofs]: (Az, TA:) and it is also said of other animals than the horse: but not of the camel: (MF:) [one sort of] التقريب is [a rate] less than الحُضْرُ; (S, A, O;) and more than الخَبَبُ: (El-Ámidee, MF:) there are two sorts of تقريب, called أَعْلَى

[which is a gallop] and أَدْنَى [which is a canter]: (S, O:) the former is termed الثَّعْلَبِيَّةُ; and the latter, الإِرْخَآءُ. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the end, in two places.3 قَارَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ [and قِرَابٌ], I was, or became, near to him, or it; contr. of بَاعَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) See 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: One says of a vessel, (S, O, K,) قارب أَنْ يَمْتَلِئَ (S, O) or قارب الاِمْتِلَآءَ (K) [It was, or became, near to being full]: قارب [thus used] is the verb from قَرْبَانُ [q. v.], and قَرُبَ is not used in its stead. (Sb, TA.) And one says also, قارب مِلْأَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or it nearly amounted, to what would fill it]. (Msb.), And قارب قَدْرَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or equivalent, to its quantity, or amount; or it was, or became, nearly equivalent to it]. (K, TA.) [And hence the term أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ The verbs of appropinquation; as كَادَ &c.] b3: قارب الخَطْوَ He made the stepping to be contracted; syn. دَانَاهُ; (Az, K, TA;) [i. e. he made short steps: made his steps to be near together;] said of a horse. (TA.) And قارب كَلَامَهُ [He made the several portions of his speech, i. e. he made his words, to be near together; so that it means he uttered his speech rapidly]. (K in art. وط; &c.) and قارب بين الكَلِمَةِ وَالكَلِمَةِ فِى التَّسْبِيحِ [He made the words to follow one another nearly, or to be near together, in the act of praise, or the like.] (M in art. دنو.) And قَارَبْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ i. q. دَانَيْتُ [I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted]. (T, S, Msb, all in art. دنو.) b4: قاربهُ also signifies He thought him, or it, to be near. (Ham p. 634.) And قارب الأَمْرَ He thought the thing. (MF.) b5: And He interchanged with him good, or pleasing, speech. (O, K, TA.) b6: And قارب فِى الأَمْرِ He pursued the right, or just, or middle, course, neither exceeding it nor falling short of it, in the affair. (O, * K, * TA.) b7: And قَارَبْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ [app. meaning, in like manner, I pursued a middle course with him in selling, or buying, with respect to the price demanded or offered, neither exceeding what was just nor falling short of it], (S, O,) inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ. (S.) b8: مُقَارَبَةٌ and قِرَابٌ signify also The raising the leg [or legs, of a woman,] for the purpose of جِمَاع. (K.) 4 أَقْرَبَ see 1, second quarter. b2: [Hence,] أَقْرَبَت, (S, A, O, K,) said of the pregnant, (A, TA,) or of a woman, and of a mare, and of a ewe or goat, (S, O, TA,) and also of an ass, (Lth, TA,) but [app.] not [properly] of a camel, (Lth, S, * O, * TA,) [though it is sometimes said of a camel, as in the S and O voce غَمُوس, and in the O and K in art. ك,] She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (Lth, S, A, O, K.) b3: and اقرب said of a colt, and of a young camel, (K, TA,) &c., (TA,) He was, or became, near to the age of shedding his central incisors; (K, TA;) and likewise, to that of shedding other teeth. (TA.) b4: And He nearly filled a vessel. (S, O, K.) b5: لَأُقْرِبَنَّكُمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ occurs in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, meaning I will indeed perform to you the like of, or what will be nearly the same as, the praying of the Apostle of God. (TA.) b6: اقرب الإِبِلَ He made the camels to journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (O, * K, TA:) or اقربوا إِبِلَهُمْ They, after pasturing them in the tract between them and the watering-place, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened their camels. (Lth, TA.) b7: And اقرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became persons whose camels were performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: the part. n. is [said to be] ↓ قارب, not مُقْربٌ: (As, S, O:) the former of these is said by A'Obeyd to be anomalous: (S, O:) [but see قَرَبَ, which is expl. as having almost exactly the same meaning as that which is in this instance assigned to اقرب. And it is also mentioned in the TA, app. on the authority of AA, that the same phrase and the same anomalous part. n. are used when the people's camels are مُتَقَارِبَة (which means few, or near together): but I think that this word is a mistake of a copyist, for قَوَارِبُ: see قَارِبٌ.]

A2: See also 1, last quarter, in six places.5 تَقَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence] one says to his companion, urging him, تَقَرَّبْ, meaning (tropical:) Advance thou, or come forward: (A, TA:) or تَقَرَّبْ يا رَجُلُ, meaning hasten, O man. (As, O, L, K, TA.) Only the imperative mood in this sense is said to be used. (MF, TA.) b3: And [hence, also,] تقرّب signifies He rendered himself near, or allied himself, [drew near, or ingratiated himself,] by affection and friendship. (TA, voce تَنَسَّبَ. [In this sense it is trans. by means of مِنْ.]) And He applied himself with gentleness, or courtesy, to obtain access, or nearness, to a man, by means of some act performed for that purpose, or by right. (TA. [In this sense it is trans. by means of إِلَى.]) And one says, تقرّب مِنَ اللّٰهِ [He drew near unto God] by prayer or the like, and righteous actions: and تقرّب اللّٰهُ مِنْهُ [God drew near unto him] by beneficence towards him. (TA.) And تقرِّب بِهِ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَقَرُّبٌ and تِقِرَّابٌ, (O, K,) the latter [of a rare form] like تِحِمَّالٌ and تِكِلَّامٌ and تِمِلَّاقٌ, (O,) He sought thereby nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God: (S, K, * TA:) and فَعَلَهُ تَقَرُّبًا إِلَيْهِ [He did it by way of seeking nearness, &c., to Him]. (A.) A2: تقرّب also signifies He (a man, O) put his hand upon his قُرْب (O, K, TA) i. e. his flank, (O, TA,) in walking; or, as some say, hastening, or going quickly. (TA.) 6 تقاربوا They were, or became, or drew, near, one to another: (S, * A, * Msb:) you say تقاربوا and ↓ اقتربوا [both app. signifying the same, like تخاصموا and اختصموا, and تخالطوا and اختلطوا, and تشاركوا and اشتركوا, &c.]. (A.) b2: See also 1, second quarter. b3: تقاربت إِبِلُهُ means (tropical:) His camels became few, [because drawing near together,] (A, O, K, TA,) and (as is also said of other things, TA) declined, or became reduced to a bad state. (O, * K, * TA.) b4: And [for the like reason, because of its becoming dense,] تقارب is said of seed-produce, or standing corn or the like, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became nearly ripe. (O, K, TA.) b5: And hence [accord. to some], تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ (assumed tropical:) [When the time becomes contracted], occurring in a trad., expl. in art. زمن, q. v. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَرَبَ see 1, second quarter, in two places: b2: and see also 6.10 استقربهُ [contr. of استبعدهُ]. One says, هُوَ يَسْتَقْرِبُ البَعِيدَ [He reckons near that which is remote]. (A, Msb.) قُرْبٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of بُعْدٌ: (S, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity;] as distinguished from قُرْبَةٌ &c. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place]; but not إِنَّ بُعْدَكَ زَيْدًا; because قُرْب is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than بُعْد: in like manner they said also ↓ هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ, meaning [He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also قَرِيبٌ.]) [And بِالقُرْبِ مِنْهُ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it.] And one says, تَنَاوَلَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ [He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot]. (A, Msb.) and رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ [and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance]. (S in art. ام; &c.) b2: It is also syn. with ↓ قَرَابٌ [signifying Nearness in respect of time] as used in the saying اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ بِقَرَابٍ

[i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says, عَنْ

↓ قَرِيبٍ]: (K, TA:) accord. to the K, the word قراب in this case is like سَحَاب: but it is said in a prov., أَكْيَسُ ↓ الفِرَارُ بِقِرَابٍ, thus in the S, or, as some relate it, ↓ بِقُرَابٍ; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the قِرَاب of the sword, but should have said that القِرَابُ is also syn. with القُرْبُ, and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [is more, or most, shrewd]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading بِقِرَابٍ, the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the ↓ قِرَاب (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the قِرَاب also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but قريب is there erroneously put for قُرْب.] b3: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b4: It is also a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلف.) A2: قُرْبٌ also, and ↓ قُرُبٌ, (S, O, K,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (O, K:) or [the part] from the شَاكِلَة [which is syn., or nearly so, with خَاصِرَة,] to the مَرَاقّ [or soft parts] of the belly: (S, O, K:) and likewise from the رَفْغ [generally meaning groin] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. أَقْرَابٌ; (T, S, O, K;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.) قَرَبٌ [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as As said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (S, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ قِرَابَةٌ [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (K;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called طَلَقٌ: (S, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called طَلَقٌ: (K: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see طَلَقٌ:]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ بَصْبَاصٌ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (S, O:) or, as is said on the authority of As, لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ: accord. to AA, [the journey called] القَرَبُ is [the journey to water] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] القَرَبَ is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (S in art. نوب, in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAar, قَرَب there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days.]) [See also a saying mentioned voce حَوْزٌ.] b2: Also A well of which the water is near [to the mouth]. (O, K.) قُرُبٌ: see قُرْبٌ, last sentence.

قُرْبَةٌ an inf. n. of قَرُبَ [q. v.: and used as a simple subst. signifying Nearness]; like قُرْبٌ: or the former is in station, or grade, or rank. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ القُرْبَةَ [I sought of him nearness of station, &c.; or admission into favour]. (A.) b2: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b3: Also, (A, O, Msb,) and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ, (Msb,) A thing [such as prayer, or any righteous deed or work,] whereby one seeks nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God; (A, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ قُرْبَانٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. of the first and second قُرَبٌ and قُرْبَاتٌ and قُرُبَاتٌ and قُرَبَاتٌ. (Msb.) قِرْبَةٌ A kind of سِقَآء [or skin], (S, * O, * TA,) used for water: (S, O:) or a وَطْب [or skin] that is used for milk, and sometimes for water: (ISd, K:) or such as is sewed on one side: (K:) [the modern قِرْبَة, which is seldom, if ever, used for anything but water, is (if I may judge from my own observations and the accounts of others) always made of the skin of a goat about one year old or upwards: it consists of nearly the whole skin; only the skin of the head, and a small portion of that of each leg, being cut off: it has a seam extending from the upper part of the throat nearly to the belly, and sometimes a corresponding seam at the hinder part, but more commonly only a patch of leather over the fundament and navel: over the seam, or over each seam, is sewed a narrow strip of leather; and a mouth of leather is added in the place of the head: it is carried on the back, by means of a strap, or cord, &c., one end of which is generally attached to a cord connecting the two fore-legs; and the other, to the right hind leg:] the pl. (of pauc., S, O) is قِرْبَاتٌ, and قِرَبَاتٌ, and قِرِبَاتٌ, and (of mult., S, O) قِرَبٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) فِيهِ قَرَبَةٌ and ↓ قِرَابَةٌ are said of a vessel that is nearly filled [meaning In it is a quantity that nearly fills it]. (K, TA.) [See also قِرَابٌ.]

قُرُبَةٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: b2: and see also قَرَابَةٌ.

قُرْبَى [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.: and used as a simple subst.]: see قَرَابَةٌ, in five places: and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

قَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: fem. قُرْبَى: (S, O, K:) and pl. قِرَابٌ: (S, O:) you say قَدَحٌ قَرْبَانُ مَآءً i. e. [A drinking vessel] nearly full of water: and the ق in قربان is [said to be] sometimes changed into ك: (TA:) so accord. to Yaakoob; but ISd denies this. (TA in art. كرب.) A2: See also the paragraph here following.

قُرْبَانٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: [it may often be rendered An offering, or oblation: and hence it sometimes means a sacrifice, as in the Kur iii. 179:] pl. قَرَابِينُ. (Msb.) قُرْبَانُهُمْ دِمَآؤُهُمْ [Their offering to God is their blood, lit. bloods,] occurs in a trad. as cited from the Book of the Law revealed to Moses, and as referring to the Arabs; meaning, they seek to bring themselves near unto God by shedding their blood in fighting in the cause of religion; whereas the قربان of preceding peoples consisted in the slaughtering of oxen or cows, and sheep or goats, and camels. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِىٍّ [The divinely-appointed act of prayer is the offering to God of every pious person]; meaning, that whereby the pious seek to bring themselves near unto God. (TA.) b2: Also, (S, A, O, K,) and ↓ قَرْبَانٌ, (K,) but this latter is by some disapproved, (TA,) [A near associate; or] a particular, or special, (A, K,) associate or companion (A) or consessor; (K;) or a consessor; and a particular, or special, associate or companion; (S, ISd, O;) [or a familiar, or favourite;] of a king, (S, ISd, A, O, K,) or of a governor, or prince; (S, O;) [or of any person who is either a superior or an equal;] so called because of his nearness: (TA:) pl. قَرَابِينُ: (S, A, O, K:) and one says also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ [Such a one is of the near associates, &c., of the governor, or prince]; (S, O;) [for] قُرْبَانٌ is [said to be originally] an inf. n., and [therefore, as an epithet,] the same as sing. and dual and pl.: (so in a marginal note in one of my copies of the S:) or, in a phrase of this kind, it is a pl. of ↓ قَرِيبٌ. (A in art. بعد.) قَرَابٌ: see قُرْبٌ, former half.

قُرَابٌ: see قَرِيبٌ, last quarter, in two places: b2: and قُرْبٌ, near the middle: b3: and قِرَابٌ, former half: b4: and قُرَابَةٌ.

قِرَابٌ [an inf. n. of 3. And hence قِرَابَ as an adv. n. of time]. You say, أَتَيْتُهُ قِرَابَ العِشَآءِ I came to him near nightfall: and قِرَابَ اللَّيْلِ near night. (Lth, TA.) And 'Oweyf El-Kawáfee says, describing she-camels, (so in the TA and in one of my copies of the S,) or 'Oweyf El-Fezáree, (so in the O,) هُوَ ابْنُ مُنَضِّجَاتٍ كُنَّ قِدْمًا يَزِدْنَ عَلَى العَدِيدِ قِرَابَ شَهْرٍ (O, TA) i. e. He is the off spring of [one of the] she-camels that went beyond the usual time of bringing forth, that used formely to exceed the computed [time] near a month: J give a different reading of this verse, يَرِدْنَ عَلَى الغَدِيِر; but the correct reading is that given above. (IB, TA.) b2: See also قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: قِرَابُ الشَّىْءِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ and ↓ قُرَابَتُهُ signify What is nearly the equal in quantity, or amount, or nearly the equivalent, of the thing. (K.) One says, مَعَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a thousand dirhems, or nearly the equal thereof: and مَعَهُ مِلْءُ قَدَحٍ مَآءً أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a cupful of water, or nearly the equal thereof. (Lth, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-'Ambar, (so in the O and TA,) or Es-Sinnabr, (so in the Mz, 49th نوع,) Ibn-'Amr, Ibn-Temeem, (O, TA, *) إِلَّا تَجِئْ مَلْأَى يَجِئْ قِرَابُهَا [If a full bucket (دَلْوٌ being understood, as is indicated in the S and O and TA,) come not, what will be nearly the equal thereof will come]. (S, O, TA.) One says also, لَوْ أَنَّ لِى قِرَابَ هٰذَا ذَهَبًا i. e. [If there belonged to me] the quantity nearly sufficient for the filling of this [of gold]: and لَوْ جَآءَ بِقِرَابِ الأَرْضِ i. e. [If he brought] that which would be nearly the equal in quantity of the earth. (Msb.) And الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ ↓ المَآءُ قُرَابَةُ [The water is such as is nearly the equal in height of the two knees]. (A.) [See also قَرَبَةٌ.]

A2: Also The غِمْد [i. e. scabbard, or sheath,] of a sword, (K, TA,) or of a knife: (TA:) or the جَفْن [i. e. case, or receptacle,] of the غِمْد; (K, TA;) the جَفْن, which is a case, or receptacle, wherein is the sword together with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ) and its suspensory belt or cord: (S, O, TA:) it is like a جِرَاب of leather, into which the rider, or rider upon a camel, puts his sword with its جَفْن [here meaning scabbard], and his whip, and his staff, or stick, and his utensils: (Az, TA:) or like the جِرَاب, into which one puts his sword with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ), and his whip, and sometimes his travelling-provisions of dates &c.: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of the قِرَاب of the sword is قُرُبٌ [a pl. of mult.] (Msb, TA) and أَقْرِبَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], like خُمُرٌ and أَخْمِرَةٌ pls. of خِمَارٌ. (Msb.) See also قُرْبٌ, latter half.

قَرِيبٌ Near in respect of place: (S, O, Msb, K, * &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Msb, K *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, S, O, Msb,) as is also بَعِيدٌ in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say هُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, O, * TA,) and هُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, and هُمْ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, TA,) and هِىَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, &c., meaning فِى مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ [in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say هِنْدٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ, it is as though you said هِنْدٌ مَوْضِعُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ [Hind, her place is near to thee:] (AA, Msb:) hence, [in the Kur vii. 54,] إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ اللّٰهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ [Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers]: (AA, ISk, O, Msb:) but it is allowable to say قَرِيبَةٌ, as also بَعِيدَةٌ: (ISk, O, Msb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) قريب is here without ة because رحمة is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (S, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without ة because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure فَعُولٌ, which does not receive the fem. affix ة. (TA.) [Hence the phrase مِنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, إِنَّ قَرِيبًا مِنْكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee]; like as you say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Kur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Kur lix. 15. And hence قَرِيبًا meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, أَقَمْتُ بِالمَوْضِعِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase عَنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative:] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, هٰذِهِ المَرْأَةُ قَرِيبَتِى [This woman is my relation]: (Fr, S, O, Msb: *) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [هُمَا قَرِيبَانِ and] هُمَا قَرِيبَتَانِ [They two are relations]: (AA, Msb:) [and it has a pl., namely, أَقْرِبَآءُ;] you say, هُمْ أَقْرِبَائِى and أَقَارِبِى (S, A, O, K) [and أَقْرَبِىَّ, this last originally أَقْرَبُوىَ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of ↓ أَقْرَبُ, They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of قَرِيبٌ; and in most of the copies of the K, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that أَقْرِبَآءُ and أَقَارِبُ and أَقْرَبُونَ (which are mentioned in the Msb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and قُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as غُرْبٌ is of غَرِيبٌ; (TA in art. زلف;) and قَرْبَى is allowable as a pl. of فَرِيبٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of قَرِيبَةٌ is قَرَائِبُ. (T, Msb, TA.) And like as you say, هُوَ قَرِيبِى

[meaning He is my relation], as too you say, ↓ هُوَ ذُو قَرَابَتِى (S, O, K) and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قَرَابَةٍ and منّى ↓ ذُو مَقْرُبَةٍ and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قُرْبَى; (TA;) but not ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى; (K;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also هُمْ قَرَابَاتِى: (S, O:) or, accord. to Z, ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ذُو] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: ↓ قَرَابَةٌ also occurs in the trads. in the sense of أَقَارِبُ: it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of قَرِيبٌ, like as صَحَابَةٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (MF, TA:) [accord. to Mtr,] ↓ قَرَابَةٌ is correctly applicable to one and to a pl. number, as being originally an inf. n.; so that one says, هُو قَرَابَتِى and هُمْ قَرَابَتِى; though the chaste phrase is ذُو قَرَابَتِى applied to one; and ذَوَا قَرَابَتِى, to two; and ذَوُو قَرَابَتِى, to a pl. number. (Mgh.) b4: And [it is also applied to relationship:] one says, بَيْنَنَا نَسَبٌ قَرِيبٌ and ↓ قُرَابٌ [Between us is a near relationship]. (A.) b5: It signifies also Near, or allied, by affection and friendship. (TA voce تَنَسَّبَ.) [You say, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning Such a one is near, &c., or friendly and affectionate, to people, or mankind.] See also قُرْبَانٌ, last sentence. b6: And one says, مَا هُوَ بِعَالِمٍ

عَالِمٍ ↓ وَلَا قُرَابِ and عَالِمٍ ↓ قُرَابَةِ meaning قَرِيبِ عَالِمٍ

[i. e. He is not learned nor near learned]. (TA.) And مِنْ ذٰلِكَ ↓ مَا هُوَ بِشَبِيهِكَ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ meaning وَلَا بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [i. e. He is not the like of thee nor near that]; (S, O;) or مِنْكَ ↓ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ

meaning بقَرِيبٍ [i. e., nor near the like of thee]. (K.) b7: فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى; and قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ: see in arts. ثرى and نبط.

A2: Also, (O, K, TA,) but in some of the lexicons written قِرِّيبٌ, (TA,) Salted fish, while yet in its recent, moist, state. (O, K, TA.) قَرَابَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is originally an inf. n., (S,) [i. e., of قَرُبَ, as is also, app., every one of its syns. here following,] and ↓ قُرْبَى and ↓ قُرْبَةٌ and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قُرْبٌ (S, O) and ↓ مَقْرُبَةٌ and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (S, O, K) ↓ مَقْرِبَةٌ, (K,) all of them, (S, O, K,) or the first and ↓ قُرْبَى, (Msb,) signify Relationship, or relationship by the female side; (S, O, * Msb, K, * TA;) or the first has the former of these significations and ↓ قُرْبَى has the latter of them: (T, TA:) [in the S, القَرَابَةُ is expl. signifying القُرْبَى فِى الرَّحِمِ; and in the Mgh and Msb, it and ↓ القُرْبَى are expl. as being فِى الرَّحِمِ; but in the T, as cited in the TA, the former is expl. as being فِى النَّسَبِ, and ↓ القُرْبَى as being فِى الرَّحِمِ: see the first sentence of this art.:] you say, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ &c. [i. e. Between me and him is a relationship, or a relationship by the female side]. (S, O.) b2: See also قَرِيبٌ, latter half, in six places.

قُرَابَةٌ: see قُرْبٌ, first quarter: b2: and قِرَابٌ, in two places: and قَرِيبٌ, near the end, in three places. b3: قُرَابَةُ المُؤْمِنِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ signify The believer's فِرَاسَة [i. e. insight, or intuitive perception, &c.]; (Fr, O, K;) and his opinion, which is near to knowledge and assurance: occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one is to beware thereof, because he looks with the light of God. (Fr, O, TA. [See also فِرَاسَةٌ.]) قِرَابَةٌ: see قَرَبَةٌ: A2: and see also قَرَبٌ.

جَاؤُوا قُرَابَى, (IDrd, O, K,) the latter word similar to فُرَادَى, (IDrd, O,) They came near together. (IDrd, O, K.) قُرَيْبَى [dim. of قُرْبَى]. دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى

[There is a relationship nearer than every relationship small in degree] is a prov. applied to him who asks of thee something wanted which one more nearly related to thee than he has asked of thee. (Meyd. [See another prov., app. similar in meaning and application, voce دَنِىٌّ, in art. دنو.]) قَرَّابٌ A maker of [what are called] قرب [app. قُرُب, pl. of قِرَابٌ; or perhaps قِرَب, pl. of قِرْبَةٌ]. (TA.) قَرْنَبٌ: &c.: see art. قرنب.

قَارِبٌ [part. n. of قَرَبَ said of a man journeying to water: and accord. to As and A'Obeyd, part. n. of أَقْرَبَ used in a similar sense; as such anomalous]. One seeking, or seeking to attain, [or journeying to,] water: so says Az, without specifying any time: (TA:) or, accord. to Kh, (S, O, TA,) one doing so by night; (S, O, K, TA;) not applied to one doing so by day. (S, O, TA.) And its pl. قَوَارِبُونَ signifies Persons whose camels are performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: (As, S, O:) see 4, latter half. The epithet applied to camels in this case is قَوَارِبُ; (S, O;) [of which see another explanation voce طَلَقٌ;] and this epithet is also used in relation to birds. (IAar, TA.) مَا لِى

قَارِبٌ وَلَا هَارِبٌ occurs in a trad., meaning I have not any that goes to water nor any that returns from it. (L, TA. [See also هَارِبٌ.]) and حِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ means An ass hastening on in the night of arriving at the water. (Lth, TA.) A2: Also A small سَفِينَة; (A, K;) i. e. (A,) [a skiff;] a ship's boat, used by the seamen as a convenient means af accomplishing their needful affairs; (S, A, O;) also called سُنْبُوكٌ [or سُنْبُوقٌ]: (A:) pl. قَوَارِبُ: and أَقْرُبٌ occurs in a trad., and is said to be also a pl. of قَارِبٌ; but IAth says that this is not known as a pl. قارب, unless as anomalous; and it is said that أَفْرُبُ السَّفِينَةِ means the nearest parts of the ship; i. e., the parts near [or next] to the land. (TA.) قَوْرَبٌ Water over which, or against which, one has not power, or with which one cannot cope, by reason of its copiousness. (O, K.) أَقْرَبُ Nearer, and nearest, in respect of place, and in respect of time, &c.]: see قَرِيبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

ظَهَرَتْ تَقَرُّبَاتُ المَآءِ (tropical:) The foretokens of water appeared; i. e. small pebbles, from seeing which the well-digger, when he has nearly reached a spring, infers that water is near. (A, TA.) مَقْرَبٌ (A, O, K) and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (O, K) (tropical:) A near, or the nearest, road or way: (A, O, K, TA:) or a small road or way, leading into a great one; said to be from القَرَبُ signifying “ the journeying by night,” or “ the journeying [by night] to water: ” (TA:) or, the former, a conspicuous road or way; so says IAar: (TA voce مَطْرَبٌ:) and the latter, accord. to AA, a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding; from القَرَبُ signifying “ the ” journeying [by night &c.]: the pl. is مَقَارِبُ. (TA.) مُقْرَبٌ A horse that is brought [or kept] near [to the tent, or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture: fem. with ة:] or this is done only with mares, lest a stallion of low race should cover them: (IDrd, S, O, K:) or خَيْلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ signifies horses that are [kept] near at hand, and prepared [for riding]: (El-Ahmar, TA:) or horses that have been prepared by scant food (ضُمِّرَتْ) for riding: (Sh, TA:) or horses of generous race, that are not confined in the pasturage, but are confined near to the tents, or dwellings, prepared for running. (R, TA.) and إِبِلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ Camels girded for riding: (Sh, O, K:) or camels upon which are saddles (رِحَال) cased with leather, whereon kings ride: but this explanation has been disallowed. (Aboo-Sa'eed [i. e. As], TA.) [See also مُكْرَبَاتٌ.]

مُقْرِبٌ A woman, and a mare, and a ewe or goat, (S, O,) and an ass, (Lth, TA,) near to bringing forth: (S, O, K, TA:) [said to be] not used in relation to a camel; (S, O, TA;) the epithet used in this case being مُدْنٍ: (TA:) [but see the verb:] the pl. is مَقَارِيبُ; (S, O, K, TA;) as though they had imagined the sing. to be مِقْرَابٌ. (TA.) مَقْرَبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ: A2: and see also مَقْرَبٌ.

مَقْرُبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ; and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

مَقْرِبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ.

المُقَرَّبُونَ: see الكَرُوبِيُّونَ.

A2: See also what here follows, in two places.

شَأْوٌ مُقَرِّبٌ and ↓ مُقَرَّبٌ, and هَلْ مِنْ مُقَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ and خَبَرٍ ↓ مُقَرَّبَةِ, occur thus written, probably by mistake, the ق being thus put in the place of غ: see [مُغَرِّبٌ in] art. غرب. (TA.) مُقَارَبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

شَىْءٌ مُقَارِبٌ, with kesr to the ر (tropical:) A thing of a middling sort, between the good and the bad: (S, O, K: *) and also a cheap thing: (S, O:) and ثَوْبٌ مُقَارِبٌ a garment that is not good: (Msb:) you should not say ↓ مُقَارَبٌ, (ISk, S, O, Msb,) with fet-h: (ISk, Msb:) you say also رَجُلٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a man of a middling sort]: and مَتَاعٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a commodity, or commodities, &c., of a middling sort, or cheap]: (TA:) or you say دِينٌ مُقَارِبٌ with kesr, [meaning a religion of a middling sort], and ↓ مَتَاعٌ مُقَارَبٌ with fet-h, (K, TA,) meaning [a commodity, &c.,] not precious. (TA.) مُتَقَارِبٌ A short man: because his extremities are near together. (O.) b2: And المُتَقَارِبُ is the name of The fifteenth metre of verse; (O;) the metre composed of فَعُولُنٌ eight times; (O, K; *) and [one species of] فَعُولُنْ فَعُولُنْ فَعَلٌ twice: (K:) so called because its أَوْتَاد are near together; there being between every two of them one سَبَب. (O, K. *)

صلح

1 صَلَحَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, MA, Mgh, Msb,) the well-known form, though omitted in the K, (TA,) and صَلَحَ, (MA, K, Msb,) [said by some to be] the more chaste, because agreeable with analogy, (TA,) [but the former is the more common,] inf. n. صُلُوحٌ (S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K * [in the CK الصَّلُوح is erroneously put for الصُّلُوح]) and صَلَاحٌ (S, * MA, Mgh, Msb, K *) and مَصْلَحَةٌ; (MA;) and صَلُحَ, aor. ـُ (S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K,) mentioned by Fr, on the authority of his companions, (S, TA,) but said by IDrd to be not well established, (TA,) inf. n. صَلَاحٌ and صَلَاحَةٌ, (MA,) or صَلَاحِيَةٌ; (TA;) said of a thing, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and of a man, (TA,) It, and he, was, or became, good, incorrupt, right, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest; it was or became, in a good, incorrupt, sound, right, or proper, state, or in a state of order; he, or it, throve; contr. of فسد [i. e. فَسَدَ and فَسُدَ]; (MA; [and S and A and Mgh and K by implication; see صَلَاحٌ below;]) in Pers\. نيك شد; (MA;) [and ↓ استصلح signifies the same, for] صَلَاحٌ and اِسْتِصْلَاحٌ both signify in Pers\. نيك شدن. (KL.) One says, صَلَحَتْ حَالُ فُلَانٍ [The state, or condition, of such a one became good, right, or proper]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] هٰذَا أَدِيمٌ يَصْلُحُ لِلنَّعْلِ (tropical:) [This is leather that is suitable for the sandal]. (A.) And هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ يَصْلُحُ لَكَ (tropical:) This thing is suitable to thee; or fit, or meet, for thee. (S, K, * TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يَصْلُحُ لِصُحْبَتِكَ (tropical:) [Such a one is not fit for being thy companion]. (A.) 3 صالحهُ, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَلَاحٌ (S, Msb, K) and مُصَالَحَةٌ, (S, K,) the former of which is made fem. in a verse of Bishr Ibn-Abee-Házim, (TA,) [He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: for] مُصَالَحَةٌ is the contr. of مُخَاصَمَةٌ. (Mgh.) And صالحهُ عَلَى كَذَا He made peace, or reconciliation, [or a compromise,] with him on the condition of such a thing. (MA.) and صالحهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ مَا لَهُ [He compounded with him for part of what was owed to him; he made a compromise with him on the condition of receiving part of what was due to him]; said of a creditor and debtor. (Mgh in art. ضغط.) And صَالَحْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, inf. n. مُصَالَحَةٌ, I made peace, or a reconciliation, between the people, or party; syn. لَآءَمْتُ. (Msb in art. لأم. [See also 4.]) 4 اصلحهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِصْلَاحٌ, (S, A,) and quasi-inf. n. صَلَاحٌ, (L in art. لقح,) said of a man, (A, Msb,) and of God, (TA,) [and of a thing,] He, and it, made, or rendered, it, or him, good, incorrupt, right, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest; constituted it, disposed it, arranged it, or qualified it, well, rightly, or properly; rectified, corrected, redressed, or reformed, it; put it into a good, incorrupt, sound, right, or proper, state; or restored it to such a state; put it to rights, or in a state of order; set it right, set it in order, ordered it, managed it well, cultured it; adjusted, dressed, or trimmed, it; prepared it properly for use; repaired, mended, amended, or improved, it; made it, or him, to thrive; contr. of أَفْسَدَهُ. (S, * K. [And so by implication in the Mgh &c.]) One says, أَصْلَحْتُ القِدْرَ بِالتَّابَلِ [I made good, qualified properly, or seasoned, (the contents of) the cooking-pot with the seeds that are used in cooking]. (Msb in art. تبل.) And أَصْلَحْتُ السِّقَآءَ بِالرُّبِّ [I seasoned the skin with rob, or inspissated juice]. (S in art. رب.) And أَصْلَحْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ [in which الأَمْرَ is understood, so that the meaning is I rectified, or reformed, or amended, the circumstances subsisting between the people, or party; or] I made peace, or I effected a rectification of affairs, an agreement, a harmony, a reconciliation, an accomodation, or an adjustment; [or I adjusted the affair;] between the people, or party. (Msb.) And سَعَى فِى إِصْلاَحِ ذَاتِ البَيْنِ [He laboured in rectifying, or improving, the bad, or the good, state of circumstances, or the disunion or union, subsisting between people]. (A.) One says also, اصلح الدَّابَّةَ, (TA,) and اصلح إِلَى الدَّابَّةِ, (T, A, Mgh, TA,) the latter because اصلح implies the meaning of أَحْسَنَ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) He acted well to the beast, (T, A, TA,) and put it into a good, or right, or proper, state, or took care of it, or paid frequent attention to it. (A, TA.) and اصلح إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) He acted well to him, did good to him, or benefited him. (K, TA.) And اصلح [alone] (assumed tropical:) He did that which was good, right, or just. (Msb.) 6 تصالحا and اِصَّالَحَا &c.: see 8, in four places.7 انصلح [quasi-pass. of أَصْلَحَهُ; thus signifying It became rectified, &c.: see تَشَعَّبَ]. (K in art. شعب.) 8 اصطلحا (S, A, K) and اصتلحا, (K,) and ↓ تصالحا (S, A, K) and ↓ اِصَّالَحَا, (S, K,) [the last a var. of تصالحا,] all signify the same, (TA,) and القَوْمُ ↓ تصالح, and اصطلحوا, (Mgh,) [They two, (i. e. two persons or two parties,) and] the people, or party, made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, [each with the other, and] one with another: (Msb:) [اِصْطِلَاحٌ is the contr. of اِخْتِصَامٌ and] ↓ تَصَالُحٌ is the contr. of تَخَاصُمٌ. (Mgh.) b2: And اصطلحوا عَلَى أَمْرٍ They (a particular class of persons) agreed together, or among themselves, respecting a particular thing. (ElKhafájee, MF.) b3: [Hence,] اِصْطِلَاحٌ signifies also The agreement of a people to name a thing by any name turned from the primary application. (KT.) b4: And [as an inf. n. used in the sense of a pass. part. n., for مُصْطَلَحٌ عَلَيْهِ,] Conventional [or technical] language: and a conventional [or technical] term: opposed to [لُغَةٌ and] تَوْقِيفٌ. (Mz 1st نوع.) 10 استصلح is the contr. of استفسد: (S, L, K:) [i. e. it signifies He regarded, or esteemed, a thing good, incorrupt, right, just, or the like; as expl. in the TK; and in like manner, a man. b2: He wished, or desired, a thing to be good, incorrupt, right, just, &c.; as in the TK; and in like manner, a man. b3: And He sought to render good, incorrupt, &c. b4: And hence, He treated in such a manner as to render well affected, or obedient.]

A2: Also He sought to do good or to act well [إِلَى فُلَانٍ to such a one]. (KL.) b2: And He sought peace, or concord. (KL.) b3: And It happened well. (KL.) b4: See also 1.

صُلْحٌ a subst. from مُصَالَحَةٌ, (S, Msb, KT,) syn. with the latter; (Mgh;) masc. and fem.; (S, K;) Peace, reconciliation, or agreement, (Mgh, Msb, K, KT, TA,) after contention: and in the law it means a compact to give over, or relinquish, contention. (KT.) One says, وَقَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا صُلْحٌ (A, TA) Peace, or reconciliation, took place between them two. (TA.) [And أُخِذَ صُلْحًا It (a fortress or the like) was taken peacefully, or by surrender.] b2: Also That in respect of which there has been made a peaceful compact: or which has been taken in the way of peace. (Mgh.) b3: And A party at peace with others. (TA.) You say, هُمْ لَنَا صُلْحٌ They are [a party] at peace with us. (A, TA.) And you say also ↓ قَوْمٌ صُلُوحٌ A people, or party, who are at peace: the latter word in this case being app. an inf. n. used as an epithet. (TA. [See also صَالِحٌ.]) صَلْحٌ: see صَالِحٌ.

صَلَاحٌ an inf. n. of صَلَحَ (MA, Mgh, Msb) and of صَلُحَ: (MA:) [used as a simple subst, it signifies Goodness, incorruptness, rightness or rectitude, justness, righteousness, virtue, honesty; &c.: see 1:] contr. of فَسَادٌ; (S, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ صُلُوحٌ: (K, TA: [الصَّلُوح in the CK being a mistake for الصُّلُوح:]) accord. to some, it is not used as an attribute of a prophet nor of an apostle, but only of a person inferior to these: accord. to others, however, this restriction is wrong. (MF.) b2: Also quasi-inf. n. of 4. (L in art. لقح.) b3: And [hence,] A thing that is good, and right. (Msb.) See also مَصْلَحَةٌ.

A2: صَلَاحِ, like قَطَامِ, is a name of Mekkeh; (S, A, K;) either from الصُّلْحُ or from الصَّلَاحُ; (TA;) and sometimes it is perfectly decl. [pronounced صَلَاحٌ]. (S, K.) صُلُوحٌ: see صُلْحٌ, and صَلَاحٌ: b2: and see also صَالِحٌ.

صَلِيحٌ: see what next follows.

صَالِحٌ, (MA, L, Msb, K,) from صَلَحَ; (MA;) and ↓ صَلِيحٌ, (IAar, L, K,) from صَلُحَ; (MA;) and ↓ صِلْحٌ; (K;) applied to a thing, (Msb,) and to a man, (MA,) Good, incorrupt, right, just, righteous, virtuous, or honest; &c.; [see 1; contr. of فَاسِدٌ:] (MA, L, K:) pl. صُلَحَآءُ [accord. to general analogy of صَلِيحٌ, and app. applied only to rational beings, like صَالِحُونَ,] and ↓ صُلُوحٌ [q. v.; this being said by some to be a pl. of صَالِحٌ; and by others, to be originally an inf. n.; like as is said of شُهُودٌ]. (L.) One says رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ فِى نَفْسِهِ [A man good, incorrupt, &c., in himself], مِنْ قَوْمٍ صُلَحَآءَ [of a people good, incorrupt, &c.]. (L.) And هُوَ عَلَى حَالَةٍ صَالِحَةٍ [He is in a good, right, or proper, state or condition]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] صَالِحٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Suitable, fit, or meet: so in the saying, هُوَ صَالِحٌ لِلْوِلَايَةِ (assumed tropical:) [He is fit for the office of prefect, or the like]. (Msb.) b3: And (tropical:) Much, copious, or frequent: one says مَطْرَةٌ صَالِحَةٌ (tropical:) A copious rain. (Yaakoob, L, TA.) And hence the saying of IJ, أُبْدِلَتِ التَّآءُ مِنَ الوَاوِ إِبْدَالًا صَالِحًا, meaning (tropical:) [ت is substituted for و] frequently. (TA.) b4: The ا in صَالِحٌ is [often] omitted in writing [though not in pronunciation] when it is used as a proper name [so that the name is written صلح, or more properly صٰلِحٌ]. (Durrat el-Ghowwás in De Sacy's Anthol. Gram. Ar. p. 66 of the Arabic text.) صَالِحَةٌ [a subst. from صَالِحٌ, made so by the affix ة; A good deed or action; an act of beneficence; a benefit]. One says, لَا تُعَدُّ صَالِحَاتُهُ [His good deeds, or beneficent actions, are not to be numbered]. (A, TA.) And أَتَتْنِى صَالِحَةٌ مِنْ فُلَانٍ

[A benefit came to me from such a one]. (TA.) اِصْطِلَاحٌ [for مُصْطَلَحٌ عَلَيْهِ: see 8, last sentence].

اِصْطِلَاحِىٌّ Conventional [or technical] language: opposed to [لُغَوِىٌّ and] تَوْقِيفِىٌّ. (Mz 1st نوع.) مُصْلِحٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.]. One says, رَجُلٌ مُصْلِحٌ فِى أُمُورِهِ وَأَعْمَالِهِ [A man who does well, rightly, justly, or properly, in his affairs and his actions]. (L.) مَصْلَحَةٌ A cause, a means, or an occasion, of good; a thing, an affair, or a business, conducive to good, or that is for good; [and hence it may often be rendered simply an affair, when the context shows it to mean what is conducive to good or done for a good purpose;] contr. of مَفْسَدَةٌ; (S and Msb and K in art. فسد;) a good, right, or virtuous, affair; (KL;) a thing that is good and right; syn. ↓ صَلَاحٌ [q. v.]: pl. مَصَالِحُ. (S, A, Msb, K.) One says, نَظَرَ فِى مَصالِحِ النَّاسِ [He considered the things that were for the good of the people]. (A, TA.) And هُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ المَفَاسِدِ لَا المَصَالِحِ [They are of the people who occupy themselves in the things conducive to evil, not the things conducive to good]. (A, TA. *) And فِى الأَمْرِ مَصْلَحَةٌ In the affair is that which is good: (Msb:) [or a cause of good.] and رَأَى الإِمَامُ المَصْلَحَةَ فِى كَذَا The Imám saw what was good and right [or what was conducive to good] in such a thing. (TA.) b2: It is also an inf. n. of صَلَحَ. (MA.) مُتَصَلَّحٌ A place, of a garment [&c.], that is to be repaired, or mended; syn. مُتَرَدَّمٌ. (T in art. ردم.)

غضب

1 غَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. غَضَبْ (S, Msb, K *) and مَغْضَبَةٌ, (S, K, *) He was angry with him; (MA, K, * PS, &c.;) and ↓ تغضّب عليه signifies the same. (Msb.) [See الغَضَبُ below.] And غَضِبَ مِنْ لَاشَىْءٍ i. e. [He was angry] for nothing; meaning, for no cause. (Msb. [لاشىء, in a case of this kind, is regarded as one word, and is therefore as above, not لَا شَىْءِ: see p. 1626, third col.]) b2: غَضِبَ لَهُ (meaning He was angry with another person for his sake, or on his account, TA) is said when the person [on whose account the anger is excited] is living: and غَضِبَ بِهِ, when he is dead: (S, A, Msb, K:) so says El-Umawee, and El-Ahmar says the like. (S.) b3: [And you say, غَضِبَ فِى اللّٰهِ He was angry for the sake of God.] b4: And غَضِبَتِ الفَرَسُ عَلَى اللِّجَامِ (tropical:) The mare champed upon the bit. (TA.) Abu-n-Nejm says, تَغْضَبُ أَحْيَانًا عَلَيا للِّجَامِ كَغَضَبِ النَّارِ عَلَى الضِّرَامِ (tropical:) [She champs, sometimes, upon the bit, like the fierce burning of the fire upon the quickly-kindling fragments of firewood]. (A, TA.) [See also 5, last sentence.]

A2: غُضِبَ, like عُنِىَ [pass. in form]; and غَضِبَ; (K, TA;) the former of which is the more usual; (TA;) He had the disease termed غُِضَاب [q. v.]. (K, TA.) b2: And غضبت عَيْنُهُ, with fet-h and kesr [i. e., app., غَضِبَتْ; or “ with fet-h and kesr ” may be a mistranscription for “ with damm and kesr,” so that the verb may be غُضِبَتْ; His eye had in it what are termed غُِضَاب]. (TA.) 3 غَاضَبْتُهُ I made him angry, he also making me angry. (K.) b2: And I broke off from him, or quitted him, in anger, or enmity. (S, K.) ذَهَبَ مُغَاضِبًا, in the Kur [xxi. 87], means He went away, breaking off from his people, or quitting them, in anger, or enmity. (S.) 4 اغضبهُ He angered him, or made him angry. (S, * Msb, * K.) 5 تغضّب He became angered or angry: (S:) or he was angry somewhat after [having been so] somewhat. (Ham p. 522.) See also 1, first sentence. b2: And تغضّبت القِدْرُ (tropical:) The cooking-pot boiled fiercely عَلَى اللَّحْمِ [upon the flesh-meat]. (TA.) غَضْبٌ (S, K) Red (S) intense in redness: (S, K:) you say أَحْمَرُ غَضْبٌ: so says ISk: (S:) or غَضْبٌ signifies أَحْمَرُ غَضْبٌ (K) i. e. red that is dense, or deep: (TK:) or أَحْمَرُ [i. e. red], applied to anything: and غَلِيظٌ [i. e. thick, &c.]. (TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ غَضْبَةٌ, A hard rock (K, TA) set, or fixed, in a mountain, and differing therefrom: (TA:) or the latter signifies thus: or a hard, round, rock. (O.) A3: And الغَضْبُ signifies The lion: and the bull: as also [in the latter sense, or perhaps in both senses,] ↓ الغَضُوبُ. (K.) غَضَبٌ an inf. n. of غَضِبَ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K.) الغَضَبُ is The contr. of الرِّضَى: (K, TA:) it is variously defined: some say that it is a state of excitement of the blood of the heart for the purpose of revenge: some say that pain on account of anything reparable is غَضَب; and for anything irreparable, أَسَف: some say that it [is a passion which] includes all that is evil; wherefore the Prophet, to a man who asked of him a precept, said, لَا تَغْضَبْ: and some say that الغَضَب is [a passion] accompanied by an eagerness to obtain revenge; and الغَمّ is accompanied by despair of obtaining it: (TA: [see also غَيْظٌ:]) there is a غَضَب that is commended, and a غَضَب that is discommended; the former being that which is for the sake of religion and truth, or right; and the latter being that which is in a wrong case: and the غَضَب of God is his disapproving of the conduct of him who disobeys Him, and whom He will therefore punish. (Ibn- 'Arafeh, TA.) غَضِبٌ: see غَضْبَانُ.

غَضْبَةٌ A single fit of غَضَب [or anger]. (O.) A2: See also غَضْبٌ. b2: Also An [eminence of the kind termed] أَكَمَة. (L, TA.) b3: And A بَخَصَة (K, TA, in the CK بَخْصَة), or protuberance [of flesh], above, or beneath, the eyes, in the form of a flatulent tumour, (TA,) or in the upper eyelid, produced by nature: (K, TA:) so in the M. (TA.) b4: And A thing resembling a دَرَقَة, (K, TA,) i. e. a shield, (TA,) of the hide of the camel, (K, TA,) one part of which is folded over another. (TA.) b5: And A [garment of the kind called] جُبَّة made of the hides of camels, and worn for fighting. (O.) b6: Also The skin of a mountain-goat advanced in age. (K.) The skin of a fish. (K.) The skin of the head. (K.) And The skin of the part between the horns of a bull. (K.) b7: and A patch of the small-pox: so in the saying, أَصْبَحَ وَاحِدَةً مِنَ الجُدَرِىِّ جِلْدُهُ غَضْبَةً [His skin became one patch of the small-pox]: (O:) like غَضْنَةٌ. (S in art. غضن.) غُضَبَةٌ: see غَضْبَانُ.

غَضْبَى fem. of غَضْبَانُ [q. v.]: (S, Msb, K:) and pl. thereof. (S.) [See also غَضُوبٌ.]

A2: It is also said by J, (K, TA,) and [before him] by EzZejjájee, and also [after him] by ISd, (TA,) to be a name for A hundred camels, and not to have tenween, nor the article ال: but this is a mistake for غَضْيَا. (K, TA.) القُوَّةُ الغَضَبِيَّةُ [The irascible faculty]. (KT, in explanation of التَّهَوُّرُ.) غَضْبَانُ (S, Msb, K) [and, in the dial. of BenooAsad, as is implied by the fem. in that dial. mentioned in what follows, غَضْبَانٌ,] and ↓ غَضِبٌ and ↓ غَضُوبٌ [which is both masc. and fem.] and ↓ غُضُبٌّ (K) and ↓ غُضُبَّةٌ (S, K) and ↓ غَضُبَّةٌ and ↓ غَضَبَّةٌ, (K,) or the last, accord. to MF, is ↓ غُضَبَةٌ, (TA,) are epithets applied to an angry man: (K:) [the first seems often to signify simply Angry, like غَضِبٌ; but accord. to SM,] all these epithets signify quickly, or soon, angry [as غُضُبَّةٌ is said in the S to signify, on the authority of As]: (TA:) the fem. of the first word is غَضْبَى, (S, Msb, K,) and (in the dial. of Benoo-Asad, S) غَضْبَانَةٌ, (S, K,) which is seldom used; (K;) and غَضُوبٌ is also used as a fem. epithet [as stated above], (K,) and has an intensive signification: (TA:) pl. (of the first word, Msb) غِضَابٌ (Msb, K) and (likewise of the first) غَضْبَى (S) and غُضَابَى (S, K) and غَضَابَى. (Msb, K.) غُضُبٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

غُضُبَّةٌ and غَضُبَّةٌ and غَضَبَّةٌ: see غَضْبَانُ.

غِضَابٌ and غُضَابٌ Motes (قَذًى) in the eye: (K, TA:) or, as in one copy of the K, [and in the O,] in the eyes. (TA.) b2: And A certain disease; (K, TA;) or so the latter word; (O;) an eruption in the skin; but not small-pox: (TA:) or (so accord. to the TA, but in the CK “ and ”) small-pox. (K, TA.) غَضُوبٌ: see غَضْبَانُ. b2: Also Stern, or austere, in look, or countenance; applied to a woman: (S, O, K:) and in like manner applied to a she-camel: (O, K:) or thus applied to a she-camel: and also signifying a company of women. (TA.) b3: And A malignant serpent. (O, K.) b4: See also غَضْبٌ.

غُضَابِىٌّ A man (TA) perturbed (كَدِرٌ) in social intercourse and in comportment. (K. [For وَالمُخَالَفَةِ in some copies of the K, I read وَالمُخَالَقَةِ, as in other copies.]) الأَغْضَبُ The part between the penis and the thing. (K.) مَغْضُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ [An object of anger]. By المَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ in the Kur [ch. i. last verse], are meant The Jews. (O, TA.) A2: مَغْضُوبٌ also signifies Having [the disease called غِضَاب, i. e.] the smallpox. (O, TA.)

شبع

1 شَبِعَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. شِبَعٌ (IDrd, S, Msb, K) and شِبْعٌ, (IDrd, Msb, TA,) which is a contraction of the former, or accord. to some it is a subst., having the signification assigned to it below, (Msb,) or it is both, (TA,) and شَبْعٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) He was, or became, satiated, sated, or satisfied in stomach; شِبَعٌ being the contr. of جُوعٌ, (S, K,) and one of those inf. ns. [which are of a measure often] denoting natural affections or qualities [such as رِوًى and سِمَنٌ &c.]. (S.) Yousay بَلَدٌ قَدْ شَبِعَتْ غَنَمُهُ A country of which the sheep, or goats, have become completely satiated, or satisfied, by abundance of herbage. (TA.) And شَبِعْتُ خُبْزًا, and لَحْمًا, (S, Msb, K,) and مِنْ خُبْز ٍ, and من لَحْم ٍ, (S, K,) I was, or became, satiated, sated, or satisfied, with bread, and with flesh-meat. (S, K.) b2: Hence, metaphorically, شَبِعْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمِْ وَرَوِيتُ (tropical:) I have become, or I became, disgusted [or satiated to loathing] with this thing, or affair. (S, * TA.) b3: [See also another metaphorical usage of this verb voce حُزَانَةٌ.]

A2: شَبُعَ عَقْلُهُ (assumed tropical:) His intellect was, or became, full, perfect, (K,) strong, or solid. (TA.) 2 شَبَّعَتْ غَنَمُهُ, (S, K, [in some copies of the former, erroneously, شَبِعَتْ,]) inf. n. تَشْبِيعٌ; (K;) and شُبِّعَتْ; (as in one place in the TA;) (tropical:) His sheep, or goats, were, or became, nearly, but not quite, satiated, or satisfied. (S, K, TA.) 4 اشبعهُ [signifying It satiated him, sated him, or satisfied his stomach,] is said of food and of abundance of drink. (TA.) b2: أَشْبَعْتُهُ [I satiated him, sated him, or satisfied his stomach; or] I fed him so that he became satiated, sated, or satisfied. (Msb.) And أَشْبَعْتُهُ مِنَ الجُوعِ [I fed him so as fully to relieve him from hunger]. (S, K.) [Hence,] أَشْبَعْتُ الثَّوْبَ (S, TA) مِنَ الصِّبْغِ (S) (tropical:) I saturated the garment, or piece of cloth, with the dye. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] اشبعهُ (tropical:) He made it (namely anything, TA) full, without lack or defect, or abundant, or copious. (K, * TA.) It is said of other things beside substances; as, for instance, of blowing, and of reading or reciting, and of any expression. (TA.) You say also, سَاقَ فِى هٰذَا المَعْنَى فَصْلًا مُشْبَعًا [He carried on, respecting this idea, a full section]. (TA.) [and اشبع حَرَكَةً He rendered a vowel full in sound, by inserting after it its analogous letter of prolongation. And such a letter of prolongation is said to be inserted, or added, لِلْإِشْبَاعِ to render the sound full; as in نُكَاتٌ for نُكَتٌ, and أَنْظُورُ for أَنْظُرُ, and مَرَاضِيعُ for مَرَاضِعُ. And إِشْبَاعًا is also used as signifying For the sake of, or by way of, pleonasm, or giving fulness of expression.]

A2: اشبع الرَّجُلُ The man's beasts were, or became, completely satiated, or satisfied, by abundance of herbage. (TA.) 5 تشبّع He ate immediately after eating. (K.) b2: He feigned himself satiated, sated, or satisfied in stomach, not being so. (K, TA.) b3: [and hence,] (tropical:) He made a boast of abundance or riches, (Msb, K, * TA,) or of more than he possessed; and invested himself with that which did not belong to him. (TA.) [See مُتَشَبِّعٌ.]

شِبْعٌ a subst., signifying A thing that satiates one, sates one, or satisfies one's stomach; (S, Msb, K;) consisting of bread, and of flesh-meat, &c.; (Msb;) as also ↓ شِبَعٌ: (K:) accord. to some, the former is an inf. n.: (Msb:) or it is an inf. n. and also a subst. signifying as above. (TA.) You say, الرَّغِيفُ شِبْعِى The cake of bread [is that which] satiates me, &c. (Msb.) شِبَعٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. b2: Also (tropical:) Thickness in the shanks. (TA.) A2: See also شِبْعٌ. You say, أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ شِبَع ٍ A land having abundance of herbage, and plenty. (Mgh.) شُبْعَةٌ مِنْ طَعَام ٍ The quantity with which one is satiated, sated, or satisfied, once, of food. (S, K.) أَرْضٌ شَبِعَةٌ i. q. ذَاتُ شِبَع ٍ [q. v.]. (Mgh.) شَبْعَانُ Satiated, sated, or satisfied in stomach; (S, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ شَابِعٌ, but this is allowable only in poetry: (K:) fem. of the former شَبْعَى, (S, Msb, K,) and شَبْعَانَةٌ (Sgh, K) is sometimes used: (Sgh:) the pl. of شبعان and of شبعى is شِبَاعٌ and شَبَاعَى. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] قَوْمٌ إِذَا جَاعُوا كَاعُوا وَتَرَاهُمْ سِبَاعًا إِذَا كَانُوا شِبَاعًا [A people who, when they are hungry, are fearful and cowardly, and thou seest them to be beasts of prey when they are satiated]. (A, TA.) b2: [And hence,] شَبْعَى الخَلْخَالِ (tropical:) A woman who fills up the anklet by reason of her fatness. (S, K, TA.) And شَبْعَى السِّوَارِ (tropical:) Who fills up the bracelet by reason of fatness. (K, TA.) and شَبْعَى الوِشَاحِ (tropical:) A woman large in the belly. (TA.) And شَبْعَى الدِّرْعِ (tropical:) A woman bulky in make: (A, O, L, TA:) in the K erroneously written شَبْعَى

الذِّرَاعِ, and expl. as meaning bulky in the forearm. (TA.) شَبِيعٌ Food that satiates, sates, or satisfies the stomach. (Fr.) b2: (assumed tropical:) An arrow that kills much or many or often. (Ibn-'Abbád.) b3: ثَوْبٌ شَبِيعُ الغَزْلِ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, [of full texture, or] of many threads: (S, K, TA:) pl. ثِيَابٌ شُبْعٌ. (TA.) And حَبْلٌ شَبِيعٌ, (K,) or شَبِيعُ الثَّلَّةِ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A rope abundant, (K, TA,) and firm, or strong, in the wool, (TA,) or in the hair, or fur, [of which it is composed:] (K, TA:) pl. شُبْعٌ. (TA.) b4: رَجُلٌ شَبِيعُ العَقْلِ (assumed tropical:) A man full, or perfect, (K, TA,) and strong, or solid, (TA,) in intellect; (K, TA;) from IAar; (TA;) as also ↓ مُشْبَعُهُ. (K.) And القَلْبِ ↓ رَجُلٌ مُشَبَّعٌ [or perhaps القَلْبِ ↓ مُشْبَعُ] (assumed tropical:) A man strong, or firm, in heart. (TA.) شُبَاعَةٌ A portion of food that remains, or is redundant, after one is satiated, or satisfied. (Ibn-Abbád, K. *) شَابِعٌ: see شُبْعَانٌ. b2: بَهِيمَةٌ شَابِعٌ A beast that has attained to eating; an epithet applied to such a beast until it is nearly weaned. (TA.) فُلَانٌ فِى رِىِّ وَمَشْبَع ٍ [Such a one is in a state in which he is satiated, or satisfied, with drink and food]. (T, A, TA, in art. نظر.) [See مَنْظَرٌ.]

مُشْبَعٌ pass. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. See also شَبِيعٌ, in two places.

مُشَبَّعٌ: see شَبِيعٌ. b2: البَآءُ المُشَبَّعُ [or المُشَبَّعَةُ] The letter پ. (TA in art. بلس.) مُتَشَبِّعٌ (tropical:) One who invests himself with, and makes a boast of, more than he possesses; who invests himself with that which he does not possess; (S, TA;) who affects goodly qualities more than he possesses; like him who feigns himself satiated, or satisfied in stomach, not being so: (TA:) or he who feigns himself satiated, or satisfied in stomach, not being so: and hence, (assumed tropical:) a lying person, who affects to be commended or praised for, or boasts of, or glories in, that which he does not possess. (Mgh.) Thus in a trad., (S, Mgh,) in which it is said, المُتَشَبِّعُ بِمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ كَلَا بِسِ ثَوْبَىْ زُور ٍ, (S, TA,) or بِمَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ, (Mgh,) (tropical:) [He who invests himself with, and makes a boast of, more than he possesses, &c., is like the wearer of two garments of falsity: or] accord. to A'Obeyd, it means [that such is like] the hypocrite who wears the garments of the devotees in order that he may be thought to be a devotee, not being so: or, as some say, the person who wears a shirt to the sleeves of which he attaches two other sleeves in order to make it appear that he is wearing two shirts: or [the wearer of the garments of the false witness; for] it is said that there used to be in the tribe the man of goodly exterior, and when false witness was needed, he bore [such] witness, and was not rejected, because of the goodliness of his apparel. (Mgh.) [See also art. زور, in which this trad, is cited with a small variation.]

وجه

2 وَجَّهْتِ سِجَافَتَهُ and سِدَافَتَهُ

; i. e. هَتَكْتِ سِتْرَهُ, i. e. أَخَذْتِ وَجْهَهَا: see arts. سجف and سدف, and جوه, conj. 2.3 وَاجَهَهُ , inf. n. مُوَاجَهَةٌ, He faced him; confronted him; encountered him; met him face to face (S, K, Msb.) He confronted him, accosted him, or encountered him, with speech, or words, or with his face. (Lth, JK, TA.) 4 أَوْجَهَ He repelled, or rejected, an asker, or a beggar. (T.) b2: See جوه.5 تَوَجَّهَ He tended, repaired, or betook himself, to, or towards, him, or it, either in a direct course, or indirectly. (IJ, in M and L, art. قصد.) b2: أَحْمَقُ مَايَتَوَجَّهُ A stupid man, who does not accomplish his affair well. (JK.) 8 لَمْ يَتَّجِهْ لِشَىْءٍ (S, K, art. بور; and M, K, art. بلد; &c.) He did not apply himself rightly to anything; he knew not the right course to pursue; like لَمْ يَهْتَدِ. See also أَحْمَقُ مَا يَتَوَجَّهُ; and see بَائِرٌ and غُمَّى. b2: اِتَّجَهَ لَهُ رَأْىٌ i. q. سَنَحَ. (S, TA.) See سَنَحَ, in two places. b3: اِتَّجَهَ إِلَى الصِحَّةِ He became convalescent.

وَجْهٌ b2: أَسْلَمْتُ وَجْهِى للّٰه I resigned, or resign, myself to God: i. e., I became, or become, * Muslim: وجه is here used for the whole because it is the most noble part: (Jel, ii. 106:) or ذاتى my course. (TA.) b3: مِنْ كُلِّ وَجْهٍ In every respect; considered from every point of view. b4: الوَجْهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا The [proper or reasonable] way is that it should be thus: or the valid and obvious [way]. (Msb.) See تُرْعَةٌ. b5: وَجْهٌ A course, a purpose, or an object, which one is pursuing; a direction in which one is going or looking, & c. as also ↓ جِهَةٌ. b6: The way of a thing. (TA.) b7: لَيْسَ لِكَلاَمِكَ وَجْهٌ There is no truth, or correctness, in thy saying. (TA.) b8: وَجْهٌ Brightness [of intellect]. (L, voce كَدٌّ.) b9: لِوَجْهِ اللّٰهِ (Kur, lxxvi. 9) For the sake of God; or to obtain the countenance or favour of God. (Kull, p. 378.) See فِى ذَاتِ اللّٰهِ in art. ذُو. b10: لَوْكَانَ كَذَا لَكَانَ وَجْهًا Were it so, it were reasonable. b11: لَا وَجْهَ لَهُ, said of a phrase, &c., There is no reasonable way of accounting for it. b12: لَيسَ بِالوَجْهِ same as لَيْسَ بِوَجِيةٍ Not of respectable, or esteemed, or high, authority: (said of a word or phrase, &c.:) or it is not the proper way. b13: اِبْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ اللّٰهِ From a desire of God's recompense: (Kur, ii. 274; and Expos. of the Jeláleyn:) or countenance, meaning favour. There are several similar phrases in the Kur, where وجه is explained in the same sense of ثَوَابٌ in the Expos. of the Jeláleyn. b14: جَبَسَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [He withheld him, or restrained him, from his course, purpose, or object]. (S, art. الت.) b15: صَرَفَ الشَّىْءَ عَنْ وَجْهُهُ He turned the thing away, or back, from its course, عَنْ سَنَنِهِ. (TA.) b16: خَرَجَ وَجْهُهُ (S, A, L, art. مرد; and L voce استعلج;) [for خَرَجَ نَبَاتُ وَجْهِهِ, The hair of his face grew forth]. b17: وَجْهُ الدَّهْرِ The beginning of time, (K,) and نَهَارٍ of day. (TA.) b18: رَوَاهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ, (S, K, art. قص,) and حَدَّثَ بِهِ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ: (Msb, art. قص:) see قَصَّ, in two places. b19: أَتَيْتُ الأَمْرَ مِنْ وَجَهِهِ, &c., and ↓ جِهَتِهِ: see مَأْتًى. b20: وَجْهٌ The drift of speech. (K, Kull, p. 378.) b21: مَضَىَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ [He went at random, heedlessly, headlong, or in a heedless, or headlong, course, or manner; and so ذَهَبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ]: see رَكِبَ رَأْسَهُ in art. ركب. b22: دَهَبَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ حَيْثُ شَآءَ [He went away at random whither he would]. (TA in art. سوم.) b23: بَلَّتْ مَطِيَّتُهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهَا and أَبَلَّتْ: see 1 in art. بل. b24: أُطْلُبُوا الحَوَائِجَ إِنَى حِسَانِ الوُجُوهِ Make ye petition, for the things that ye want, to persons of good rank or station. (El-Hasan El-Muäddib, in TA, art. نضر.) b25: وَجْهٌ (assumed tropical:) Consideration and regard. See 3 in art. اسو. b26: وَجْهٌ and ↓ جِهَةٌ The place towards which one goes: (Munjid of Kr:) or the place, region, quarter, part, or point, towards which a person, or thing, goes, tends, or is directed: so I have rendered ↓ جِهَةٌ: see صُقْعٌ, and مَسْجُوحٌ: ↓ جِهَةٌ signifies any place towards which one looks or goes; as also ↓ وِجْهُةٌ: (Har, p. 373:) the place, or point, of the tendency or direction or bearing of anything: whence كَذَا ↓ جِهَةَ in the direction of such a thing: and ↓ لِجِهَةٍ towards one quarter. b27: Hence, وَجْهُ الطَّرِيقِ The point, or place, to which the way, or road, leads: see ذَنَابَةٌ. And in like manner, وَجْهُ أَمْرٍ and ↓ جِهَتُهُ The end, or result, of an affair, to which it leads, or tends. b28: رَمَوْا وَجْهًا وَاحِدًا [They shot in one direction]. (M voce رِشْقٌ.) b29: وَجْهُ الضُّحَى The first, or beginning, of the ضُحَى. (TA voce رَوْنَقٌ, q. v.) b30: وَجْهٌ A chief of a people or party. (K.) b31: أَتَوْا مَنْ وَجْهِهِمْ: see فَوْرٌ. b32: وَجْهٌ i. q. طَرِيقَةٌ [meaning The mode, or manner, of a thing]. (KL.) b34: مَا أَدْرِى مَا وَجْهُهُ I know not what is its meaning. b35: أَخَذَ وَجْهَهَا [app. He degraded her; took away her grade: and hence he took her maidenhead: see وَجَّهْتِ سِجَافَتَهُ].

جَهَةٌ : see وَجْهٌ throughout. b2: مِنْ جِهَةِ كَذَا In respect of, or with reference to, such a thing: and by reason, or on account, or because, of such a thing. b3: الجِهَاتُ السِّتُ The six relative points or directions or locations; namely, above, below, before, behind, right, and left.

وِجْهَةٌ : see وَجْةٌ. b2: A way, mode, or manner, of acting, &c.

وَجِيهٌ Worthy of regard.

أَوْجَهُ More, and most, worthy of regard.

تَوْجِيهٌ : see وَلْثٌ. b2: التَّوْجِيهُ i. q. التَّوْرِيَةُ.

مُتَوَجَّهٌ A place towards which one tends, repairs, or betakes himself.

زلف

1 زَلَفَ: see 2: A2: and see also 8, in three places.2 زلّفهُ, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَزْلِيفٌ, (O,) He did it previously, or beforehand; namely, a thing; (IAar, O, TA;) as, for instance, an evil action; (O, TA;) and so ↓ زَلَفَهُ; (IAar, TA;) syn. أَسْلَفَهُ, (O, TA,) and قَدَّمَهُ. (IAar, O, TA.) b2: زلّف النَّاسَ, inf. n. as above, He disquieted, or agitated, the people, step by step: (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, O, TA:) accord. to Z, said of a guide. (TA.) b3: زلّف فِى

حَدِيثِهِ, (inf. n. as above, K,) He added, or exaggerated, in his discourse, or narration; (IDrd, O, K;) as also ذرّف. (IDrd, O.) 4 ازلفهُ He made, brought, or drew, him, or it, (namely, a thing, TA,) near. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 90 and 1. 30], وَأُزْلِفَتِ الْجَنَّةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ And Paradise shall be brought near to the pious: meaning, accord. to Zj, that their entrance thereinto shall become near, and their view thereof. (TA.) [بِهِ ↓ ازدلف also signifies the same as ازلفه (agreeably with analogy); as is shown by what here follows:] it is said in a trad. of Mohammad El-Bákir, مَا لَكَ مِنْ عَيْشِكَ إِلَّا لَذَّةٌ تَزْدَلِفُ بِكَ إِلَى حِمَامِكَ [i. e. There is not remaining to thee, of thy life, save a pleasure that brings thee near to thy predestined term]. (O, TA.) And ↓ ازدلفهُ means He, or it, brought him near to destruction. (TA.) b2: Also He collected it together; (Msb, TA;) namely, a thing. (Msb.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 64], وَأَزْلَفْنَا ثَمَّ الآخَرِينَ [And we collected there the others]. (TA.) 5 تَزَلَّفَ see the next paragraph.8 اِزْدَلَفَ, (Mgh, Msb,) originally اِزْتَلَفَ, (Msb,) or اِزْدَلَفُوا, and ↓ تزلّفوا, (S, O, L, K,) He, or they, approached, or drew near: (Mgh, O, L, Msb, TA: in the K, تَفَرَّقُوا is erroneously put for تَقَرَّبُوا: TA:) or (O, accord. to the K “ and ”) advanced; or went forward, or before: (S, O, K:) إِلَيْهِ [to him, or it], (Mgh, K,) and مِنْهُ [which means the same, as after دَنَا &c.]: (TA, and Har p. 452:) [and ↓ زَلَفَ and زَلَفُوا, inf. n. app. زَلْفٌ and زَلَفٌ, signify the same: for] you say also, إِلَيْهِ ↓ زَلَفَ He drew near to him, or it: and لَهُ ↓ زَلَفْنَا We advanced, or went forward, to him, or it: (TA:) and زَلْفٌ signifies the act of advancing, or going forward, (A'Obeyd, S, TA,) from place to place; as also زَلَفٌ. (TA.) One says, ازدلف السَّهْمُ إِلَى

كَذَا The arrow approached, or drew near, to such a thing. (Msb.) And it is said in a trad., فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَاْزْدَلِفْ إِلَى اللّٰهِ فِيهِ بِرَكْعَتَيْنِ, meaning تَقَرَّبْ [i. e., When the sun declines from the meridian, then seek thou to draw near unto God therein by means of the prayers of two rek'ahs]. (TA.) A2: See also 4, in two places.

زَلْفٌ: see زُلْفَةٌ.

زُلْفٌ: see its accus. case voce زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

زِلْفٌ A meadow; syn. رَوْضَةٌ; (TS, K;) and so ↓ زَلَفَةٌ: (IB, TA:) thus the latter is expl. as occurring in a trad. relating to Ya-jooj and Ma-jooj, in which it is said, ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللّٰهُ مَطَرًا فَيَغْسِلُ الأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَهَا كَالزَّلَفَةِ [Then God will send rain, and it will wash the earth so that it will leave it like the meadow]: but in this instance, several other meanings are assigned to it: see زَلَفَةٌ below. (TA.) زَلَفٌ: see زُلْفَةٌ, in two places: A2: and see also زَلَفَةٌ, in five places.

زُلُفٌ: see its accus. case voce زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

زُلْفَةٌ i. q. قُرْبَةٌ [i. e. Nearness, with respect to rank, degree, or station]; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ زُلْفَى, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and ↓ زَلَفٌ. (IDrd, O, K.) [It would seem that it means also Nearness with respect to place or situation: for SM immediately adds,] hence, in the Kur [lxvii. 27], فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ زُلْفَةً, [as though meaning But when they shall see it in a state of nearness: but] Zj says that the meaning is, but when they shall see it (i. e. the punishment) near (قَرِيبًا): and several authors say that زُلْفَةٌ is sometimes used in the sense of قَرِيبٌ, as is stated in the 'Ináyeh. (TA.) And Station, rank, grade, or degree; as also ↓ زُلْفَى, (S, O, K, TA,) and ↓ زَلْفٌ, (TS, K,) and ↓ زَلَفٌ: (K, TA:) pl. of the first زُلَفٌ: (S, * TA:) or (K) ↓ زُلْفَى is a quasi-inf. n.; (S, K;) and such it is in the saying in the Kur [xxxiv. 36], وَمَا

أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْ بِالَّتِى تُقَرِّبُكُمْ عِنْدِنَا زُلْفَى, as though meaning ازْدِلَافًا [i. e. And neither your riches nor your children are what will bring you near to us in advancement: but here it may be well rendered, in station]: (S:) accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, زُلْفَى signifies the bringing very near: (TA:) the saying of Ibn-El-Tilimsánee that it is pl. of زُلْفَةٌ is very strange, and unknown; the correct pl. of this last word being زُلَفٌ. (MF, TA.) b2: Also A portion (S, K) of the first part (S) of the night, (S, K,) whether small or large: so accord. to Th: or, accord. to Akh, of the night absolutely: (TA:) pl. زُلَفٌ and زُلَفَاتٌ (S, K) and زُلُفَاتٌ and زُلْفَاتٌ: or زُلَفٌ signifies the hours, or periods, (سَاعَات,) of the night, commencing from the daytime, and the hours, or periods, of the daytime, commencing from the night: (K:) and its sing. is زُلْفَةٌ. (TA.) وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ, in the Kur [xi. 116], means And at sunset and nightfall (the مَغْرِب and the عِشَآء): (Zj, TA:) some read ↓ زُلُفًا, with two dammehs; which may be a sing., like حُلُمٌ; or a pl. of زُلْفَةٌ, like as بُسُرٌ is of بُسُرَةٌ, with damm to the س in each: [but this is not a parallel instance; for بُسُرٌ is a coll. gen. n. of which بُسُرَةٌ is the n. un., and the latter is not of the same measure as زُلْفَةٌ:] and some read ↓ زُلْفًا, which is a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of زُلْفَةٌ, like as دُرٌّ is of دُرَّةٌ; (K, TA;) or pl. of ↓ زَلِيفٌ, like as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ, and غُرْبٌ of غَرِيبٌ: (TA:) and some read ↓ زُلْفَى, in which the alif [written ى] is a denotative of the fem. gender. (K, TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

زَلَفَةٌ A full [reservoir of water such as is called]

مَصْنَعَة: (S, K:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.]

↓ زَلَفٌ: (S:) so, accord. to Sh, in the trad. mentioned voce زِلْفٌ: (TA:) or ↓ زَلَفٌ signifies full watering-troughs, (K,) as pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of زَلَفَةٌ: (TA:) or a full watering-trough. (K.) Also A [bowl such as is called] صَحْفَة: (K;) and so ↓ زُلْفَةٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) of which the pl. is زُلَفٌ: (TA:) or a full صَحْفَة; and its pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is ↓ زَلَفٌ. (Lth, TA.) Also A green [vessel of the kind called] إِجَّانَة: (K:) so says AO: pl. [or coll. gen. n.] ↓ زَلَفٌ; and ↓ مَزَالِفُ likewise signifies green أَجَاجِين [app. as an anomalous pl. of زَلَفَةٌ or of زَلَفٌ, like as مَشَابِهُ is of شَبَهٌ]; both, also, mentioned on the authority of AO. (TA.) b2: Also A mother-of-pearl-'shell, or an oyster-shell; syn. صَدَفَةٌ: (K:) KT says that الزَّلَفَة in the trad. mentioned above voce زِلْفٌ has been expl. as meaning the مَحَارَة, i. e. the صَدَفَة; but he adds, I know not this explanation, unless a pool of water be called محارة because the water returns (يَحُورُ) to it and collects in it. (TA.) b3: Also A smooth rock: (K:) so, too, said to mean in the same trad.: and some read الزلقة. (TA.) And Rugged ground. (K.) And Swept ground. (K.) And An even part of a soft mountain. (K.) Pl. (K) [or rather coll. gen. n.] in all these senses (TA) ↓ زَلَفٌ. (K.) b4: See also زِلْفٌ. b5: Also A mirror: (O, K: [in the CK, المَرْأَةُ is put in the place of المِرْآةُ:]) [like زَلَقَةٌ:] mentioned by IB on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, and by Sgh on that of Ks: and so, too, it is said to mean in the trad. mentioned above; the earth being likened thereto because of its evenness and cleanness: (TA:) or the face thereof; (K;) as is said by IAar. (TA.) زُلْفَى: see زُلْفَةٌ, in four places.

عُقْبَةٌ زَلُوفٌ [A stage of a journey] far-extend- ing: (O, K:) so says IF. (O.) [In the CK, عَقَبَةٌ is erroneously put for عُقْبَةٌ.]

زَلِيفٌ Advancing; or going forward, or before. (O, K. [It is said in the TA that المُتَقَدِّمُ as the explanation of الزَّلِيفُ is erroneously put in the copies of the K for التَّقَدُّمُ: but this assertion is app. itself erroneous.]) See زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

أَزْلَفُ expl. by Golius as on the authority of the KL, and by Freytag after him, as meaning Parvo naso præditus ejusque recto ac parvo mucrone, is a mistake for أَذْلَفُ, thus written in my copy of the KL.]

أَزْلَفَةٌ and أَزْلَفَى expl. by Freytag as meaning Copia parva, cœtus hominum parvus, as on the authority of El-Meydánee, are app. mistakes for أَزْفَلَةٌ and أَزْفَلَى.]

مَزْلَفَةٌ Any town (قَرْيَةٌ) that is between the desert and the cultivated land: pl. مَزَالِفُ: (S, * K:) the latter is syn. with بَرَاغِيلُ, signifying the towns (بِلَاد) that are between the cultivated land and the desert; (S;) or, between the desert and the بَحْر [i.e. sea or great river]; such as El-Ambár and El-Kádiseeyeh. (M, TA.) b2: [The pl.] مَزَالِفُ also signifies Places of ascent; or steps, or stairs, by which one ascends: (K:) because they bring one near to the place to which he ascends. (TA.) A2: For the pl. مَزَالِفُ, see also زَلَفَةٌ.

علب

1 عَلَبَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, O, TA,) inf. n. عَلْبٌ (K, * TA) and عُلُوبٌ, (TA,) He made a mark, or an impression, upon it, (S, O, K, * TA,) accord. to Az, like the mark termed عِلَاب [q. v.]; (TA;) and he marked him, or it, with a hot iron; or scratched him, or it, so as to cause bleeding or not so: (S, O, TA;) and تَعْلِيبٌ [inf. n. of ↓ علّب] likewise signifies the doing thus [i. e. the making a mark &c.]: (S, TA: *) and, as also عَلْبٌ [inf. n. of عَلَبَ], the cutting [a thing], syn. جَزٌّ; (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K;) or inciding [it], or notching [it]; syn. حَزٌّ. (K accord. to the TA.) لَا تَعْلُبْ صُورَتَكَ i. e. Make not thou a mark upon thy صورة [here meaning face, as in some other instances,] occurs in a trad., as said to a man upon whose nose was seen a mark [of dust, or an impression,] made by pressing hard upon it in prostration. (O, TA.) A2: عَلَبَ السَّيْفَ, aor. ـُ (S, O, K) and عَلِبَ, (K,) inf. n. عَلْبٌ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ علّبهُ, (O,) inf. n. تَعْلِيبٌ; (O, K;) He bound round the hilt of the sword with the عِلْبَآء

[q. v.] of a camel: (S, O, K:) and in like manner one says of things similar to a sword, (K, TA,) as a knife, and a spear. (TA.) b2: [and عُلِبَ seems to signify sometimes It was tied with, or by, a sinew, or tendon: see a usage of its part. n. voce مَتْنٌ.]

A3: عَلِبَ, [aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. عَلَبٌ, (K, TA,) It (a sword) became broken in its edge. (K, * TA.) A4: And عَلِبَ, [aor. ـَ (S, O, TA,) inf. n. عَلَبٌ, (TA,) said of a camel, He was, or became, affected by a disease in the two sides of his neck; (S, O;) by what is termed ↓ عَلَبٌ, (TA,) which is a disease attacking in the عِلْبَاآنِ, (K, TA,) dual of عِلْبَآء [q. v.], in consequence of which the neck swells, and becomes bent. (TA.) A5: And عَلِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَلَبٌ; and عَلَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَلْبٌ; It was, or became, hard, or firm; (O, K;) and hard, tough, or coarse: (K:) each, said of flesh, or flesh-meat, and of a plant, has the former meaning: (O:) or the latter verb, said of flesh, or flesh-meat, has that meaning; and the former verb, said of a plant, has the latter meaning: (S:) or the former verb, said of flesh, or flesh-meat, means it was, or became, hard, or firm, and thick, or coarse; and the latter verb also, it was, or became, thick, or coarse, and hard, not soft, or tender. (Suh, TA.) And عَلِبَتْ يَدُهُ His hand was, or became, thick, coarse, or rough. (TA.) [See also 10.]

b2: And عَلِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَلَبٌ; and عَلَبَ, aor. ـُ and ↓ استعلب; said of flesh-meat, It became altered in odour [for the worse], after having been hard, or firm. (K.) 2 عَلَّبَ see 1, former half, in two places.10 استعلب, said of flesh, or flesh-meat, It was, or became, thick, or coarse; not soft, or tender: (O:) or it was, or became, hard, or firm, and thick, or coarse; and likewise said of skin. (L.) [And عَلِبَ and عَلَبَ are similarly explained.] b2: See also, 1, last sentence.

A2: استعلب البَقْلَ He found the herbs, or leguminous plants, to be hard, tough, or coarse. (TA.) And (TA) استعلبت البَقْلَ, said of cattle, They loathed the herbs, or leguminous plants, and found them, or deemed them, thick, or coarse, (O, K, TA,) being withered. (O, TA.) Q. Q. 1 عَلْبَى, said of a man, His عَلَبِىّ [or rather عِلْبَاآنِ, the former being pl., and the latter dual, of عِلْبَآء, q. v.,] became apparent, by reason of old age: (O, K:) or accord. to the T, his عِلْبَآء

became depressed. (TA.) A2: عَلْبَاهُ He cut his عِلْبَآء

[q. v.], (O, K, TA,) i. e., his slave's علباء: (K, TA:) or he perforated his (i. e. his slave's) علباء, (K, TA,) and put into it a string, or thread. (TA.) Q. Q. 3 اِعْلَنْبَى, inf. n. اِعْلِنْبَآءٌ, He (a man) raised himself; or drew, or stretched, himself up; like as is done on the occasion of altercation, (S, O, K,) and of reviling. (S, O.) b2: And hence, (K,) it is said also of a cock, and of a dog, (S, O,) and other than these,. (S, O, TA,) as a cat, meaning He prepared himself for evil, or mischief, (K, TA,) and fighting: (TA:) [or ruffled his feathers,] or bristled up his hair: it is from the عِلْبَآء of the neck, and quasi-coordinate to اِفْعَنْلَلَ, with ى [for the final ل]: (S, O, TA:) and sometimes it is with ء [in the place of the ى]. (TA.) b3: And one says also, اِعْلَنْبَأَ بِالحِمْلِ He rose, or raised himself, with the burden. (TA.) عَلْبٌ A mark, an impression, or a scar, (S, O, K, TA,) of beating, and of burning with a hot iron, &c.; (TA;) or such as is mangled and bleeding: (K in art. حبط:) [an inf. n. used as a subst. properly so termed:] pl. عُلُوبٌ. (S, O.) Tufeyl El-Ghanawee has used لَعْب for عَلْب in this sense. (IAar, TA.) b2: And A rugged place; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عِلْبٌ: (K, TA:) and ↓ the latter, (O,) or each, (K, TA,) a place, (K,) or a rugged (O, TA) and hard (TA) place of the earth, (O, TA,) which, if rained upon for a long time, will not give growth (O, K, TA) to any green thing: (O, TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also any rough and hard place of the earth. (O.) b3: And A hard thing; as also ↓ عَلِبٌ; (K;) each applied in this sense to flesh, or flesh-meat; the former being an inf. n. used as an epithet. (O.) عُلْبٌ: see عَلِبٌ: b2: and عُلْبَةٌ, last sentence.

عِلْبٌ: see عَلْبٌ, in three places. b2: Also A place where the سِدْر [rhamnus nabeca, or rhamnus spina Christi, a species of lote-tree,] grows: pl. عُلُوبٌ. (Az, O, K.) [Accord. to Forskål, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cvi.,) علب (thus written by him, and also “ œlb,” app. for عِلْب,) is an appel-lation applied by some in El-Yemen to the tree which he calls Rhamnus nabeca rectus.] b3: and A man such that one should not covet, or hope to get, what he has, (O, K,) whether of words or of other than words. (O.) b4: And one says, إِنَّهُ لَعِلْبُ شَرٍّ Verily he is strong to do evil, or mischief. (TA.) عَلَبٌ A certain disease of camels, expl. above: see 1, latter half.

عَلِبٌ: see عَلْبٌ, last sentence. b2: Also, applied to a he-goat, and to a [lizard of the species-called]

ضَبّ, Advanced in age, and hard, tough, or coarse: (S, O:) and applied to a mountain-goat, (O, K, TA,) in this sense; (TA;) or as meaning advanced in age; (O;) or large, or bulky, (K, TA,) advanced in age; because of his strength; (TA;) and [in the same sense applied to] a ضَبّ, as also ↓ عُلْبٌ: (K:) and applied to a man, as meaning thick, coarse, rough, or rude. (TA.) And A hard, tough, or coarse, plant. (TA.) A2: And A camel having the disease termed عَلَبٌ [q. v.]; as also ↓ أَعْلَبُ. (TA.) عُلْبَةٌ A milking-vessel of skin, (S, O, TA,) or of wood, like a large قَدَح [or bowl]: (TA:) or a large قَدَح of camel's skin, or of wood, into which one milks: (K:) or a bowl into which the she-camel is milked: or a قَدَح of wood, or of skin and wood: or a vessel of skin, in the form of a bowl, with a wooden hoop: Az says, it is a piece of skin taken from the side of a camel's hide while it is fresh; it is made round, and filled with soft sand; then its edges are drawn together, and perforated with a wooden skewer, and it is bound so as to be closed, [thus] contracted, by a cord [passed through the holes made with the skewer], and left until it becomes dry and tough; then its upper part is cut off, and it stands by reason of its dryness, resembling a round bowl, as though it were carved out, or fashioned by the turner; the pastor and the rider suspend it, and milk into it, and drink out of it; and it is convenient to the man of the desert by its lightness, and its not breaking when the camel shakes it about or when it falls to the ground: (TA:) IAar says that this word and جَنْبَةٌ and دَسْمَآءُ and سَمْرَآءُ all signify the same: (O:) the pl. is عُلَبٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِلَابٌ. (S, Msb, K.) A2: Also A tall palm-tree: (O, K:) [see ↓ عُلْبٌ (voce سَاجِدٌ), a coll. gen. n. used as a pl.; or a pl., and, if so, app. a contraction of عُلَبٌ, by poetic license: Sgh, however, adds,] but some say that it is ↓ عَلَبَةٌ [i. e.] بِالتَّحْرِيك. (O.) عِلْبَةٌ A thick knot of wood, (IAar, O, K, TA,) otherwise expl. as a great branch of a tree, (TA,) whereof is made the مِقْطَرَة, (IAar, O, K, TA,) which is a wooden thing having in it holes adapted to the size of the legs of the persons confined [by it, i. e. a kind of stocks]: (TA:) pl. عِلَبٌ. (IAar, O, TA.) A poet says, فِى رِجْلِهِ عِلْبَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ مِنْ قَرَظٍ

[Upon his leg was a rough kind of stocks of the wood of the tree called karadh]. (O, TA.) عَلَبَةٌ: see عُلْبَةٌ, last sentence.

عِلْبَآءٌ [perfectly decl., because the ء is a letter of quasi-coordination, i. e., added to render the word quasi-coordinate to the class of قِرْطَاسٌ and the like,] The عَصَب of the neck; [app. meaning the upper, cervical, tendinous portion of the trapezius muscle;] (S, O, K; [in all of which, mention is made of the علبآء of the camel, to which it seems to be most commonly applied, and also to that of a man;]) it is one of a pair, and between one علبآء and the other is the place of growth of the mane; (S, O;) Az explains it as specially applied to the thick عَصَب; and IAth, as the عَصَب in the neck, extending to the كَاهِل [or part between the two shoulder-blades]: ISd says that it is syn. with عَقَبٌ [q. v.]: (TA:) [it is also said that] it signifies the عَصَبَة [i. e. tendon, or sinew,] that extends in the neck: (Msb:) or the yellow عَصَبَة in the side (صَفْحَة) of the neck; one of a pair: (A:) and the عِلْبَاوَانِ in a man are [said to be] the two yellow tendons or sinews (العَصَبَتَانِ الصَّفْرَاوَانِ) in the مَتْن [or part next the spine, on either side,] of the neck: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) [but of all the meanings thus assigned to it, the first seems to be the most proper, or at least the most usual: see Q. Q. 1:] the Arabs used to bind therewith, in the fresh, or moist, state, the أَجْفَان [or sheaths] of their swords, and also their spears when cracked, and it dried upon them, and became strong: (IAth, TA:) the word is masc., (Lh, TA,) or [it is masc. and fem., but] the making it fem. is preferred [though this is contr. to analogy]: (Msb:) the dual is عِلْبَاوَانِ (S, A, O, Msb) and عِلْبَا آنِ; (S, O, Msb, K;) [the former app. the more common, but the latter the more proper;] for the ء [in the sing.] is a letter of quasi-coordination [and therefore properly with tenween]; but if you will, you may liken it to the fem. ء that is in حَمْرَآءُ [of which the dual is more properly حَمْرَاوَانِ], or to the radical ء [or rather the ء that is substituted for the last radical letter] in كِسَآءٌ [of which the dual is more pro-perly كِسَا آنِ]: (S, O:) and the pl. is عَلَابِىُّ. (S, O, K.) You say of a man when he has become advanced in age, تَشَنَّجَ عِلْبَآءُ الرَّجُلِ [The علبآء of the man has become contracted]. (S, O.) b2: The pl. عَلَابِىُّ is expl. in the K as signifying also Lead: and in the S as signifying lead, or a kind thereof: (TA:) El-Kutabee says, “I have been told that العَلَابِىُّ signifies lead; but I am not sure of it: ” and Az says, “I know not any one who has said it, and it is not true; ” (O, TA;) and this is the case: (O:) MF observes that its explanation as signifying lead requires it to be a sing. of a pl. form, or a pl. that has no sing., like أَبَابِيلُ and عَبَادِيدُ: (TA:) in a trad., mention is made of swords of which the ornaments were العلابىّ and الآنُك; (O, TA;) and the coupling of these two words together has led to the supposition that the former means lead; but there is no evading the fact that it is the pl. of علبَآء meaning the عَصَب of the camel. (TA.) عُلْبُوبَةُ القَوْمِ The best persons of the people, or party. (Sh, O, K.) عِلَابٌ A mark made with a hot iron along the length of the neck [of a camel], (S, O, K,) upon, or over, the عِلْبَآء. (TA.) عَلَابِىُّ pl. of عِلْبَآءٌ [q. v.].

أَعْلَبُ: see عَلِبٌ, last sentence.

مُعْلِبَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

مُعَلَّبٌ A sword having its hilt bound (A, O) with the عِلْبَآء of a camel; (O;) as also ↓ مَعْلُوبٌ. (A.) b2: And مُعَلَّبَةٌ A she-camel (S, K) marked with the mark called عِلَاب; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ مُعْلِبَةٌ. (K.) مُعَلِّبٌ One who makes the kind of vessel called عُلْبَةٌ. (S, O.) مُعَلْبَاةٌ One who has a perforation made in her عِلْبَاوَانِ [dual of عِلْبَآءٌ] with the instrument called مِدْرًى [q. v.]. (O.) مَعْلُوبٌ A conspicuous road (S, O, K, TA) that is marked in its two sides; or marked with the traces of travellers. (TA.) b2: And A sword broken in its edge. (O.) b3: See also مُعَلَّبٌ.

عطف

1 عَطَفَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (O, K,) inf. n. عُطُوفٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) or عَطْفٌ, (O, TA,) He, or it, (a man, S, O, or a thing, Msb,) inclined; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) or bent: (MF, TA:) and ↓ انعطف also has the former meaning, (Mgh, Msb, * TA,) as in the saying انعطف نَحْوَهُ i. e. he, or it, inclined towards him, or it; (TA;) [or the latter meaning;] or it became inclined, (Msb,) or became bent, (S, * O, Msb, K,) or both, (TA,) as quasi-pass. of عَطَفَهُ; (S, O, Msb, TA;) and ↓ تعطّف likewise has both of these meanings, as quasi-pass. of عطّفهُ, or [signifies it became much inclined and bent, for] عطّف is with teshdeed to denote muchness. (TA.) b2: Hence, (MF, TA,) عَطَفَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, Mgh, MA, O, K,) [aor. as above,] inf. n. عَطْفٌ; (MA, MF, TA;) and عليه ↓ تعطّف; (S, MA, O, K;) [and ↓ انعطف عليه;] (tropical:) He was, or became, favourably inclined towards him; or affectionate, or kind, to him; (MA, PS;) he regarded him, or treated him, with mercy or pity or compassion; (MA, Mgh;) because in mercy, or pity, or compassion, is an inclining towards its object; (Mgh;) i. q. أَشْفَقَ عَلَيْهِ; (S, O, K;) and وَصَلَهُ, and بَرَّهُ. (TA in explanation of the second.) And عَطَفَتْ عَلَى

وَلَدِهَا, aor. as above, inf. n. عَطْفٌ, said of a she camel, (assumed tropical:) She became favourably inclined, or compassionate, towards her young one, and yielded her milk; (Msb;) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ تعطّفت [signifies the same, or she was made to incline to him, or to affect him]. (M in art. رأم, &c) b3: عَطَفَ عَلَيْهِ also signifies He turned, or returned, against him: (S:) or he charged, or made an assault or attack, upon him, [in battle,] and turned, or returned, against him: (O, K:) or he returned against him with that which he disliked, or hated: and to him with that which he desired. (L, referring to a verse of Aboo-Wejzeh Es-Saadee cited in art. حين, q. v.) b4: And عَطَفَ, aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. عَطْفٌ, (K, TA,) signifies also He turned away, or back. (K, * TA.) b5: And [hence,] عَطَفَ عَنْهُ signifies (tropical:) the contr. of عَطَفَ عَلَيْهِ in the first of the senses assigned to this latter above [i. e. it signifies (tropical:) He was, or became, averse from him; or disaffected, or unkind, to him; or unmerciful, unpitying, or uncompassionate, to him]. (MF, TA.) b6: عُطُوفٌ and عَطْفٌ [as intrans. inf. ns.] also signify A sheep's, or goat's, bending the neck, not by reason of an ailment. (TA.) b7: And عَطْفٌ [app. likewise as an intrans. inf. n.] also signifies The folding of the extremities of the skirt, of the facing, or outer side, upon, or against, the lining, or inner side. (TA.) A2: عَطَفَهُ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) [aor. as above,] inf. n. عَطْفٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He inclined it; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) namely, a thing; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ استعطفهُ: (Mgh:) or he bent it, or doubled it, or folded it: (Msb:) or it signifies also he bent it: and ↓ عطّفهُ likewise, inf. n. تَعْطِيفٌ, has both of these meanings: (TA:) or this latter verb is with teshdeed to denote muchness [of the action], or multiplicity [of the objects]: (S, O, TA:) you say, عَطَفْتُ العُودَ (S) I bent [or inclined] the stick, or piece of wood: (MA, PS:) and العِيدَانَ ↓ عَطَّفْتُ [I bent, or inclined, the sticks, or pieces of wood]: (S, O:) and زَأْسَ الخَشَبَةِ ↓ عَطَّفْتُ [I bent, or inclined, much, the head of the piece of wood]. (TA.) One says of a she-gazelle, تَعْطِفُ جِيدَهَا إِذَا رَبَضَتْ [She inclines, or bends, her neck when she lies down on her breast]. (O, K.) And one says, عَطَفَ رَأْسَ بَعِيرِهِ إِلَيْهِ He inclined, or bent, or turned aside, the head of his camel towards him; inf. n. عَطْفٌ: (TA:) and نَاقَتَهُ ↓ استعطف He turned aside his she-camel (عَطَفَهَا) by pulling her nose-rein in order that she should incline her head. (Mgh.) And عَطَفَ الوِسَادَةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (O;) and ↓ عَطَّفَهَا; (K;) He bent, or doubled, or folded, the pillow, or cushion, (S, O, K,) when leaning with his elbow upon it. (O.) b2: And [hence] one says, عَطَفَ اللّٰهُ بِقَلْبِ السُّلْطَانِ عَلى رِعَيَّتهِ (assumed tropical:) God made the heart of the Sultán, or ruling power, to be favourably inclined towards his subjects; to regard them, or treat them, with mercy. (TA.) And عَطَفَتْكَ عَلَيْهِمُ الرَّحِمُ (assumed tropical:) [The feeling of relationship, or consanguinity, or the sympathy of blood, caused, or hath caused, thee to be favourably inclined towards them; &c.]. (Ham p. 765.) And عَطَفَ النَّاقَةَ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا (assumed tropical:) [He made the she-camel to incline to, or affect, her young one]. (M in art. رأم; &c.: see also لِقَاحٌ مُعَطَّفَةٌ in this art.) And تُعْطَفُ عَلَى البَوِّ (assumed tropical:) [She (a camel) is made to incline to, or affect, the stuffed skin of a young unweaned camel in order that she may yield her milk, when her young one has died]. (S, O, [See عَطُوفٌ.]) b3: And عَطَفْتُهُ عَنْ حَاجَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) I turned him away, or back, from his object of want. (Msb.) b4: And عَطْفُ المُدْمَجِ i. e. القِدْحِ means The turning round about, or shuffling, of the gaming-arrow. (S voce مُدْمَجٌ: see a verse there cited.) 2 عَطَّفَ see 1, latter half, in four places.

A2: عَطَّفْتُهُ, ثَوْبِى, inf. n. تَعْطِيفٌ, I made my garment to be to him an عِطَاف, (O, K, TA,) i. e. a رِدَآء, [by putting it] upon his shoulders, as men do in the [season of] heat. (TA.) 5 تَعَطَّفَ see 1, former half, in three places. b2: [تعطّف also signifies He (a man) affected a bending of his body; like تَثَنَّى, with which it is coupled in the S and O and K in art. غوج.]

A2: تعطّف بِالعِطَافِ He clad himself (S, O, K *) with the عِطَاف (O) [i. e.] with the رِدَآء; (S;) as also بِهِ ↓ اعتطف. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K. *) b2: Hence, in a trad., (TA,) in a prayer of the Prophet, (O,) سُبْحَانَ مَنْ تَعَطَّفَ بِالْعِزِّ وَقَالَ بِهِ, (O, TA,) meaning (tropical:) [I declare, or celebrate, or extol, the absolute perfection] of Him who hath clad Himself with might as with a رِدَآء [and (as expl. in the K in art. قول and by Sgh) hath predominated thereby]. (IAth, TA.) 6 تعاطفوا means عَطَفَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) They were, or became, favourably inclined, one towards another; or affectionate, or kind, one to another; &c.: see 1]. (S, O, K.) b2: And تعاطف فِى مِشْيَتِهِ He (a man, Lth, O) shook, or moved about, his head, in his gait: (Lth, O, K:) or he inclined from side to side, therein: or he walked with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait. (O, * K.) 7 إِنْعَطَفَ see 1, first quarter, in two places.8 إِعْتَطَفَ see 5. b2: [Hence,] اعتطف القَوْسَ He hung upon himself the bow, putting its suspensory belt or cord upon his neck or shoulder; (IAar, TA;) and so السَّيْفَ the sword. (TA.) 10 استعطفهُ, (O, K,) or استعطفهُ عَلَيْهِ, (S, [in which the meaning is indicated by the addition of فَعَطَفَ,]) signifies سَأَلَهُ أَنْ يَعْطِفَ عَلَيْهِ [He asked him to become favourably inclined towards him; to be affectionate, or kind, to him; or to regard him, or treat him, with mercy or pity or compassion]: (O, K:) [or he sought, or endeavoured, to conciliate to him his affection, or good will:] or اِسْتَعْطَفْتُهُ signifies سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يَنْعَطِفَ [I asked him to incline, or bend: but perhaps ينعطف is a mistranscription for يَعْطِفَ]. (Msb.) b2: See also 1, latter half, in two places.

عَطْفٌ: see the next paragraph, last sentence, in two places. b2: [It is used in grammar as meaning Adjunction to an antecedent: this is of two kinds; عَطْفُ البَيَانِ the explicative adjunction, as in جَآءَ أَخُوكَ زَيْدٌ; and عَطْفُ النَّسَقِ the ordinal adjunction, as in جَآءَ زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو: (in each of which instances the latter noun is termed ↓ مَعْطُوفٌ; and the former noun عَلَيْهِ ↓ مَعْطُوفٌ:) and hence, حَرْفُ عَطْفٍ, meaning a particle of adjunction; or what we commonly call a conjunction; (as وَ and ثُمَّ, &c.;) also termed ↓ حَرْفٌ عَاطِفٌ an adjunctive particle.]

عِطْفٌ The side of a human being, from the head to the hip, or to the foot: (Mgh:) and the side of a thing: (Msb:) or the dual signifies the two sides of a man, from the part next the head to the hips: (S, O:) and the two sides of the neck of a man: (TA:) and the two sides of anything: (S, O, K:) as relating to a man, (TA,) or a thing. (Msb,) the pl. is أَعْطَافٌ, [properly a pl. of pane.,] (Msb, TA,) and, as relating to a man, عِطَافٌ also, and عُطُوفٌ. (TA.) Hence the phrase, هُمْ

أَلْيَنُ عِطْفًا [They are more pliant, or pliable; properly as meaning flexible, supple, lithe, or limber; but app. here used tropically, as meaning compliant: compare لَيِّنُ الجَانِبِ]. (Mgh.) and لَيِّنُ الأَعْطَافِ [Pliant, or pliable, &c.], applied to a horse: (En-Nadr, TA voce غُوْجٌ: [see also عَاجٌ, in art. عوج:]) and ↓ سَهْلُ المَعْطِفِ [and ↓ المَعَاطِفِ and الأَعْطَافِ, which signify the same,] so applied. (S and O and TA voce غَوْجٌ.) and [hence, also,] one says, ثَنَى عَنِّى عِطْفَهُ [lit. He bent from me his side], meaning he turned away from me. (S, O, K.) And جَآءَ ثَانِىَ عِطْفِهِ He came in an unstraitened, or an easy, or a pleasant and plentiful, state, or condition: (O, K:) or (K) ثَانِىَ عِطْفِهِ in the Kur [xxii. 9] means (O) twisting, or bending, his neck: (O, K:) or (K) magnifying himself, or behaving proudly, and turning away (O, K) from El-Islám. (O.) And فُلَانٌ يَنْظُرُ فِى عِطْفَيْهِ [lit. Such a one looks at his sides], meaning, is self-conceited. (IDrd, O, K. *) b2: Also The armpit (Az, O, K, TA) of a man: and his shoulder: pl. عُطُوفٌ. (Az, TA.) b3: and The curved part of each of the two extremities of the bow; (O, K, TA;) the two being called its عِطْفَانِ. (TA.) One says, تَعَوَّجَ القَوْسُ فِى عِطْفَيْهِ, (O, TA,) in the copies of the K, تَعَرَّجَ الفَرَسُ فِى

عِطْفَيْهِ, but the former is the right, (TA,) meaning [The bow] bent to the right and left [in the two curved parts of its extremities]. (O, K, TA.) b4: One says also, تَنَحَّ عَنْ عِطْفِ الطَّرِيقِ [i. e. Go thou aside from] the beaten track of the road; as also ↓ عَطْفِهِ: (IAar, O, K:) or ↓ عَطْفٌ signifies a bending (Mgh, Msb) in a street (Mgh) or road, (Msb,) being an inf. n. used as a simple subst.; but the عِطْف in a street [or road] is [a bent part, being] of the measure فِعْلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (Mgh. [See similar instances voce ذِبْحٌ.]) عَطَفٌ: see عَطَفَةٌ.

A2: Also Length of the edges of the eyelids, (O, K, TA,) and a bending [app. upwards] thereof: (TA:) occurring in a trad.: or the word, as some relate it, is غَطَفٌ [q. v.]; (O, TA;) which is of higher authority. (TA.) عَطْفَةٌ [as an inf. n. un.] An inclining: hence, in a trad., كَأَنَّ عَطْفَتَهُمْ حِينَ سَمِعُوا صَوْتِى عَطْفَةُ البَقَرِ عَلَى أَوْلَادِهَا [As though their inclining, when they heard my voice, were the inclining of the cows (app. meaning wild cows) towards their young ones]. (O, TA.) A2: And A certain bead by means of which women captivate men; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عِطْفَةٌ. (K.) A3: Also, (K,) or ↓ عَطَفَةٌ, for which عَطْفَة is used by poetic license, (ISh and O, [referring to a verse which will be found at the close of this paragraph, in which verse, however, it is certainly not used as applied to what here immediately follows,]) A tree to which the حَبْلَة [i. e. grape-vine, or branch of a grapevine,] clings; (ISh, O, K;) and so ↓ عِطْفَةٌ, (K,) or thus as written in the “ Book of Plants ” by AHn, who says that it is thus called because of its bending and twining upon trees: (O: [but this remark seems evidently to show that he means thereby one of the plants mentioned below voce عِطْفَةٌ or voce عَطَفَةٌ, or perhaps what here follows:]) IB says that the عَطْفَة is the لَبْلَاب [dolichos lablab of Linn.]; so called because of its twining upon trees: (TA:) [and this, or what will be found mentioned voce عَطَفَةٌ below, may be meant in the following verse:] a poet says, تَلَبَّسَ حُبُّهَا بِدَمِى وَلَحْمِى

تَلَبُّسَ عَطْفَةٍ بِفُرُوعِ ضَالِ [The love of her mingled with, and clung to, my blood and my flesh, like the mingling and clinging of an عطفة with, and to, the branches of a wild lote-tree]. (ISh, O, TA.) عِطْفَةٌ: see عَطْفَةٌ, in two places. b2: Also The extremities [or tendrils] of the vine, that hang therefrom. (K.) b3: And The tree [or plant] called عُصْبَة [n. un. of عُصْبٌ, q. v., said by some to signify the لَيْلَاب, mentioned in the next preceding paragraph]. (K.) عَطَفَةٌ A certain plant which twines upon trees and has no leaves nor branches, fed upon by the oxen [app. meaning the wild oxen,] (K, TA,) but injurious to them: (TA:) some of its عُرُوق [app. here meaning root-like stalks] are taken, and twisted, and charmed [by some invocation or otherwise], and cast upon the woman that hates her husband, and she consequently loves him: (K, TA:) so they assert: (TA:) accord. to AA, ↓ عَطَفٌ signifies one of the strange kinds of trees of the desert: (O, TA:) عَطَفَةٌ is the n. un. thereof. (TA.) See also عَطْفَةٌ.

قَوْسٌ عَطْفَى: see مَعْطُوفٌ.

عَطْفَآءُ [as an epithet applied to a شَاة, i. e. sheep or goat,] Having the horn twisted; like عَقْصَآءُ: occurring in a trad. relating to the poor-rate. (TA. [The masc., أَعْطَفُ, I do not find mentioned.]) عِطَافٌ and ↓ مِعْطَفٌ [A garment of either of the kinds called] a رِدَآء (S, O, K) and a طَيْلَسَان, and any garment that is worn like as is the رِدَآء, (TA,) and the former also signifies an إِزَار: (K:) the two words are like إِزَارٌ and مِئْزَرٌ, &c.: and the ردآء is said to be called عطاف because it falls against the two sides of the man's neck, which are termed his عِطْفَانِ: the pl. [of pauc.] of عِطَافٌ is أَعْطِفَةٌ and [of mult.] عُطُفٌ and عُطُوفٌ; (TA;) and عُطْفٌ [also] is a pl. of عِطَافٌ as meaning an إِزَار: (K, TA:) the pl. of ↓ مِعْطَفٌ is مَعَاطِفُ; but As says that he had not heard any sing. of this pl. (O, TA.) b2: Hence, (S, O, TA,) عِطَافٌ signifies also A sword; (S, O, K, TA;) because the Arabs called it [in like manner] رِدَآءٌ [q. v.]; (TA;) and so ↓ مِعْطَفٌ. (K.) b3: And one says, السَّيْفُ عِطَافِى وَإِبَاطِى, meaning I put, or place, the sword upon my side, and beneath my armpit. (TA in art. ابط.) عَطُوفٌ, applied to a bow: see مُعَطَّفَةٌ. b2: Applied to a gaming-arrow, (O, K,) of those used in the game called المَيْسِر, (O,) as also ↓ عَطَّافٌ, That inclines towards, or upon, the other arrows [in the receptacle called the رِبَابَة], and comes forth winning, or before the others: [app. because it is the first upon which the hand falls:] (O, K:) an ex. of the former occurs in a verse of Sakhr-el-Gheí cited in art. خض: (O, TA:) [in the TA, in art. خوض, it is expl. as meaning, in that verse, a borrowed arrow, in the luck of which one has confidence:] or the former, accord. to El-Kutabee, (O,) or each, (K,) signifies the arrow to which is assigned no fine and no gain; (O, K;) it is one of the three أَغْفَال; and is called عطوف because it returns into every رِبَابَة with which one plays; and El-Kutabee says that قِدْحًا عَطُوفَا in the verse of Sakhr is a sing. in a pl. sense: (O:) or, (O, K,) accord. to Skr, (O,) عَطُوفٌ signifies that comes [forth] (يَرِدُ, so in the O, in the copies of the K يُرَدُّ, [which would make this explanation virtually the same as the one immediately following it,]) time after time: or that is repeated, [i. e. repeatedly put into the رِبَابَة and drawn forth from it,] time after time: and ↓ عَطَّافٌ signifies a gaming arrow that turns aside from the places whence the [other] arrows are taken (عَنْ مَآخِذِ القِدَاحِ [for which the CK has على مأخَذِ القِداحِ]), and becomes alone, by itself. (O, K.) b3: Also عَطُوفٌ, (assumed tropical:) One much inclined to favour; or to be affectionate, or kind; and to show mercy or pity or compassion. (O.) (assumed tropical:) A bestower of favour, or bounty; good in disposition; as also ↓ عَاطِفٌ; (TA;) of both of which عُطْفٌ is pl.; (K, TA;) and ↓ عَطَّافٌ also has this meaning, applied to a man: (Lth, TA:) and also this last, and عَطُوفٌ, (assumed tropical:) a man who protects, or defends, those who are defeated, or put to flight. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A woman loving to her husband, affectionate to her child or children. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that is made to incline to, or affect, (S, O,) or that inclines to, or affects, (so in the copies of the K,) the stuffed skin of a young unweaned camel, [when her young one has died,] and that keeps, or cleaves, to it: (S, O, K:) pl. عُطُفٌ. (TA. [See 1, near the end.]) A2: Also, and ↓ عَاطُوفٌ, A مِصْيَدَة [or snare, trap, gin, or net], (O, K, TA,) so called because (O, TA) having in it a piece of wood that bends, or inclines, (O, K, TA,) in its head: (TA:) also called غَاطُوفٌ. (TA in art. غطف.) عَطِيفٌ (assumed tropical:) A woman having no pride; gentle; very submissive or obedient. (Az, O, K.) عِطَافَةٌ: see مُنْعَطَفٌ: b2: and see what here follows.

عَطِيفَةٌ and ↓ عِطَافَةٌ A bow: pl. عَطَائِفُ. (TA.) عَطَّافٌ: see عَطُوفٌ, in three places. b2: العَطَّافُونَ is like العَكَّارُونَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) They who return to the fight [after fleeing, or wheeling away]. (TA in art. عكر.) عَاطِفٌ A she-gazelle (ظَبْيَةٌ) inclining, or bending, her neck when she lies down on her breast. (S, O, K.) And عَاطِفَةٌ A sheep or goat (شَاة) bending its neck, not by reason of an ailment. (TA.) b2: See also عَطُوفٌ, latter half. b3: and see the explanations of the verse of Aboo-Wejzeh Es-Saadee cited in art. حين. b4: العَاطِفُ is applied to The sixth [in arriving at the goal] of the horses that are started together for a race; (MA, TA, and Ham p. 46;) related as on the authority of El-Muärrij; but Az did not find that those who related this as from him were trustworthy persons, though he was himself trustworthy: (TA:) or the fourth thereof. (Har p. 270.) b5: See also عَطْفٌ.

عَاطِفَةٌ [(assumed tropical:) A bias, or cause of inclining: pl. عَوَاطِفُ]. One says, مَا يَثْنِينِى عَلَيْكَ عَاطِفَةٌ مِنْ رَحِمٍ and قَرَابَةٍ [(assumed tropical:) A bias of relationship does not incline me towards thee; or no bias of relationship inclines me towards thee]. (S, O, TA.) b2: [and hence, as being a cause of inclining,] العَاطِفَةُ signifies [also] Relationship [itself]; or the tie, or ties, thereof; syn. الرَّحِمُ: and epithet in which the quality of a substantive predominates. (TA.) b3: [And] (assumed tropical:) Affection, or kindness; mercy, pity, or compassion. (MA.) عَاطُوفٌ: see عَطُوفٌ, last sentence.

مَعْطِفٌ; and its pl. مَعَاطِفُ: see مُنْعَطَفٌ. [A place of inclining, or bending, of the body; whence,] سَهْلُ المَعْطِفِ and المَعَاطِفِ: see عِطْفٌ: [and a place of flexure, or creasing, of the skin; whence it is said that the pl.] مَعَاطِفُ signifies the places, of the body, that sweat. (TA in art. عرض.) [And A place of doubling, or folding; or a duplicature, or fold, of a garment, or piece of cloth.]

مِعْطَفٌ: see عِطَافٌ, in three places.

مُعَطَّفَةٌ, applied to bows (قِسِىٌّ), is with teshdeed to denote muchness or multiplicity; (S, O, K, TA;) [so that it may signify either Much bent, or, as applied to a number of bows, simply bent: but it is said that] the meaning is, having one of the curved extremities bent towards the other; and so applied to a single bow (قَوْسٌ); as also ↓ عَطُوفٌ. (TA.) b2: And in like manner applied to milch camels (لِقَاحٌ); [meaning (tropical:) Made to incline to, or affect, a young one: for] sometimes, or often, they made a number of she-camels to incline to, or affect, a single young one, (عِدَّةَ ذَوْدٍ ↓ عَطَفُوا عَلَى فَصِيلٍ وَاحِدٍ,) and drew their milk while they were in the condition of doing thus, in order that they might yield it copiously. (S, O, K, TA.) مَعْطُوفٌ [Inclined, or bent: &c.]. b2: قَوْسٌ مَعْطُوفَةٌ An Arabian bow, (IDrd, S, O, K, *) of which the curved extremity is much bent towards it, and which is used for [shooting at] the butts: (IDrd, O, K:) and ↓ قَوْسٌ عَطْفَى signifies the same. (TA.) b3: See also عَطْفٌ, in two places.

مُنْعَطَفٌ A place of inclining, or bending; (S, O, Msb, K;) [as also ↓ مَعْطِفٌ, pl. مَعَاطِفُ;] and so ↓ عِطَافَةٌ: (TA:) you say مُنْعَطَفُ الوَادِى the place of inclining, or bending, of the valley: (S, O, Msb, K:) and الأَوْدِيَةِ ↓ مَعَاطِفُ [the places of inclining, or bending, of the valleys]. (K voce كُسُورٌ.)