شرس

1 شَرِسَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. شَرَسٌ (Msb, TA, TK) and شَرَاسَةٌ and شَرِيسٌ, (TK, the first and second also mentioned and explained, but not said to be inf. ns., in the S and O and K, and the third in like manner in the K,) or the second is a simple subst., (Msb,) or an inf. n. of which the verb is with damm [to the medial radical letter, as shown below], (TA,) He was, or became, evil in disposition, or illnatured, (S, * A, * Msb, K, * TA,) and very perverse or cross or repugnant, (S, * A, * K, * TA,) and averse. (TA.) And شَرِسَتْ نَفْسُهُ, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. شَرَسٌ; (TA;) and شَرُسَتْ, (Msb, TA,) inf. n. شَرَاسَةٌ; (TA;) [His mind was, or became, evil in disposition, &c.:] ISd and others make this distinction [in respect of the inf. ns.] in the usages of the two verbs. (TA.) b2: And شَرِسَ He showed, or manifested, or he made himself an object of, love, or affection, to men. (IAar, O, K.) [Thus it has two contr. meanings.]

A2: Also, شَرِسَ, He kept continually, or constantly, to the pasturing upon the trees called شِرْس. (IAar, O, K.) A3: and شَرَسَتِ المَاشِيَةُ, (Az, AHn, O, K, *) aor. ـ, (Az, O, K,) or, as written by El-Umawee and AHn, شَرِسَ, (TA,) inf. n. شَرَاسَةٌ, The cattle ate vehemently: (Az, AHn, O, K:) thus expl. without the particularizing of the شِرْس [as the pasture eaten]. (TA.) A4: And شَرَسَهُ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) inf. n. شَرْسٌ, (K,) He pained him, or distressed him, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, *) namely, his companion, (K,) with speech, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) [i. e.,] with rough speech. (K.) 3 شارسهُ, (A, TA,) inf. n. شِرَاسٌ (A, O, K) and مُشَارَسَةٌ, (O, K,) He treated him, or behaved towards him, or dealt with him, with hardness, (A, O, * K, * TA,) or harshness, or illnature. (A, TA.) 6 تشارسوا They treated one another [with hardness, or harshness, or illnature, (see 3,) or] with enmity, or hostility, (S, O, K,) and contrariety, or perverseness. (TA.) مَكَانٌ شَرْسٌ, (S, O, TA,) and ↓ شَرِسٌ, (S, [both of these forms I find in my two copies of the S, the former in a poetical ex., and therefore it may perhaps be contraction of the latter by poetic license,]) and ↓ شَرَاسٌ, (TA,) A place that is rugged, or rough, (S, O, TA,) and hard: or, as in the M, rough to the fell. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ

↓ شَرْسَآءُ, and ↓ شَرَاسٍ, and ↓ شَرَاسٌ, (O, K, TA, [the last written by Freytag شُرَّاسٌ,]) Land that is rugged, or rough, (O,) or hard, (K,) or hard and rugged or rough. (TA.) شِرْسٌ Such as are small, of thorny trees; (Mgh, * K;) as also ↓ شَرَسٌ; (K;) the latter word thus expl. by AHn: (O:) or the عِضَاه of the mountain, which are the small kind of thorny trees, (S, O, TA, *) having yellow thorns, or, as some say, such as have slender thorns, growing in depressed tracts, and in the deserts (الصَّحَارَى), but not in the plain, or soft, tracts of valleys; (TA;) such as the شُبْرُم and حَاج (S, O) and شُكَاعَى and قَتَاد. (O. [See عِضٌّ.]) See also أَشْرَسُ.

شَرَسٌ: see next preceding paragraph.

شَرِسَ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and ↓ شَرِيسٌ (A, O, K) and ↓ أَشْرَسُ (S, O, K) A man (S, O) evil in disposition, or illnatured, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) and very perverse or cross or repugnant, (S, A, O, K,) and averse: (TA:) and شَرِسَةٌ and ↓ شَرِيسَةٌ [both fem.] abounding in evilness of disposition or illnature, and in excessive perverseness &c. (TA.) One says also ↓ نَفْسٌ شَرِيسَةٌ A mind evil in disposition, &c. (A, TA.) And ↓ نَاقَةٌ شَرِيسٌ, (TA,) or ذَاتُ شَرِيسٍ, (O,) or the latter also, (TA,) i. q. شَرِسَةٌ[A she-camel evil in disposition, &c.]. (O.) See also أَشْرَسُ. b2: شَرِسُ الأَكْلِ, (O, K,) or, accord. to AHn, الأَكْلِ ↓ شَرِيسُ, (TA,) Vehement in respect of eating. (AHn, O, K.) b3: See also شَرْسٌ.

A2: شَرِسَةٌ and ↓ شَرِيسَةٌ [A land (أَرْضٌ)] abounding with شَرَس [or شِرْس, i. e. the trees thus called]; (TA;) [and] ↓ أَرْضٌ مُشْرِسَةٌ a land abounding with شِرْس. (Yaakoob, S.) شَرَاسٌ: see شَرْسٌ, in two places.

شَرَاسٍ: see شَرْسٌ.

شَرِيسٌ: see شَرِسٌ, in six places: and أَشْرَسُ.

أَشْرَسُ: see شَرِسٌ. Hence, (O,) الأَشْرَسُ The lion; (O, K;) as also ↓ الشَّرِسُ, (O,) or ↓ الشَّرِيسُ; (K;) because of his evil disposition. (O.) b2: And Bold, or daring, in fight: (O, K:) or this is a mistranscription for أَشْوَسُ, mentioned in the T as having this meaning. (TA.) b3: Also i. q. أَفَظُّ [More, and most, evil in disposition or illnatured &c.]. (TA in art. فظ.) b4: عَثَرَ بِأَشْرَسِ الدَّهْرِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [He stumbled upon, or chanced to meet with,] hardship, calamity, or adversity: a prov. (O, K. [In Meyd (and so in Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 96,) الدَّهْرِ ↓ عَثَرْنَا بِشِرْسِ, and expl. as lit. meaning the trees called شِرْس.]) b5: See also شَرْسٌ.

مُشْرِسٌ Whose camels pasture upon the [trees called] شِرْس. (S.) b2: أَرْضٌ مُشْرِسَةٌ: see شَرِسٌ.

ذرب

1 ذَرِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. ذَرَبٌ (M, A, Msb, K) and ذَرَابَةٌ, (S, * M, A, K,) said of a sword, and a spear-head, (A,) or of a thing (M, Msb) of any kind, (M,) It was, or became, sharp, (S, * M, A, Msb, K,) and cutting, or penetrating: (Msb:) or, said of a sword, and of a spear-head, it signifies [or signifies also] it was steeped in, or imbued with, poison. (A.) b2: ذَرِبَ لِسَانُهُ, aor. as above, [and so the inf. n.], His tongue was, or became, sharp [properly speaking, i. e. sharp in the extremity: (see ذَرِبٌ:) and also tropically, i. e., in a good sense, as meaning (assumed tropical:) chaste, or eloquent; without barbarousness, or vitiousness, or impediment: and in a bad sense, as meaning (assumed tropical:) profuse of speech; or clamorous: bad, or corrupt: foul, unseemly, or obscene]: he cared not what he said. (TA.) [For] ذَرَبٌ (S, M, A, TA) and ذَرَابَةٌ (S, A, TA) signify Sharpness of the tongue [properly speaking, or, as is said in the A, tropically]: (S, M, A, TA:) and the former, (TA,) or the latter, (Msb,) [or each.] metaphorically, (TA,) (tropical:) chasteness, or eloquence, thereof; (Msb, TA;) without barbarousness, or vitiousness, or impediment; a quality approved: and (tropical:) profuseness, or clamorousness, thereof; a quality disapproved: (TA:) and the former, [or each,] (assumed tropical:) badness, or corruptness, thereof: (M, K:) and the former, (Az, S, M, K,) or the latter, (Msb,) or each, (A,) (tropical:) foulness, or obscenity, thereof: (Az, S, M, A, Msb, K:) and the pl. of the former [used as a simple subst.] is أَذْرَابٌ. (Az, IAar, S, M, K.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Hadramee Ibn-'Ámir El-Asadee, (TA,) وَلَقَدْ طَوَيْتُكُمُ عَلَى بُلَلَاتِكُمْ وَ عَرَفْتُ مَا فِيكُمْ مِنَ الأَذْرَابِ (tropical:) [And I have borne with you not withstanding your vices and evil actions, and have known what is in you of foul, or obscene, qualities of the tongue]; (Az, S:) [or] على بُلَلَاتِكُمْ (IAar, M, TA) means notwithstanding what is in you of annoyance and enmity: (TA:) but accord. to Th, he said, الأَعْيَابِ, pl. of عَيْبٌ. (M, TA.) [Accord. to Z,] فِيهِمْ أَذْرَابٌ means (tropical:) In them are [qualities that are] causes of evil, corruption, wrong, injury, or the like. (A.) b3: ذَرِبَتْ مَعِدَتُهُ, (T, S, M, A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) inf. n. ذَرَبٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and ذَرَابَةٌ and ذُرُوبَةٌ, (M, K,) (assumed tropical:) His stomach was, or became, sharp, or keen, by reason of hunger: (M; but only the first of the inf. ns. of the verb in this sense, and not the verb itself, is there mentioned:) [or] (assumed tropical:) his stomach was, or became, in a good, or right, state: (K; but only the inf. ns. of the verb in this sense, and in the next, and not the verb itself, is there mentioned:) and also, (M, K,) (tropical:) his stomach was, or became, in a bad, or corrupt, state: (T, S, M, A, Msb, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (M, K.) b4: ذَرِبَ الجُرْحُ, (S, M, A,) inf. n. ذَرَبٌ, (S, M, K,) (tropical:) The wound admitted not of cure: (S, A:) or was, or became, in a bad, or corrupt, state, and wide, (M, K,) and admitted not of cure: (M:) or flowed with صَدِيد [i. e. ichor tinged with blood]. (M, K.) b5: ذَرِبَ أَنْفُهُ, inf. n. ذَرَابَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) His nose dripped; let fall drops. (M.) A2: ذَرَبَ: see 2, in two places. b2: [Hence,] ذَرَبْتُ فُلَانًا (tropical:) I excited, or provoked, [or exasperated,] such a one. (A.) And فُلَانٌ يَضْرِبُ بَيْنَنَا وَيَذْرِبُ (tropical:) [app. Such a one makes a separation between us, (see ضَرَبَ,) and excites discord: يَذْرِبُ is perhaps here used for يَذْرُبُ, to assimilate it to يَضْرِبُ]. (A.) 2 ذرّب, (M, K,) inf. n. تَذْرِيبٌ, (S,) He sharpened (M, S, K) an iron instrument [such as a sword and a spear-head &c.]; (M;) as also ↓ ذَرَبَ, (M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, L, Msb, TA,) accord. to the K ذَرَبَ, but this is without any other authority, and contr. to analogy, as neither its third nor its second letter is a faucial, (TA,) inf. n. ذَرْبٌ; (M, Msb, TA;) and ↓ اذرب. (KL.) Also, inf. n. as above, He poisoned a sword, i. e. steeped it in poison, and, when it was well steeped, took it forth and sharpened it; and ↓ ذَرَبَ, likewise, is allowable. (T, TA.) A2: The inf. n. also signifies A woman's holding her infant in order that it may satisfy its want [by evacuation, as the words in the explanation (حَتَّى يَقْضِىَ حَاجَتَهُ) commonly mean, not, as Freytag supposes, by sucking]. (T, K.) 4 اذرب: see 2.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) He became chaste in speech, after having been barbarous therein. (IAar, T in art. ربذ, and TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) His life became bad, or corrupt. (IAar, T in art. ربد, and TA.) ذَرْبٌ, (so in the CK and in a MS copy of the K,) or ↓ ذَرِبٌ, (so accord. to the TA, [which is followed by the TK, and so in my MS copy of the K, but altered from ذَرْبٌ, which I incline to think the right reading,]) A shoemaker's إِزْمِيل [a word well known as signifying his knife, with which he cuts the leather, but here explained in the TA as signifying his إِشْفَى with which he sews]. (K.) ذُرْبٌ an irreg. pl. of ذَرِبٌ, q. v.

ذِرْبٌ i. q. غُدَّةٌ [i. e. A ganglion; &c.]: (Az, T:) or so ↓ ذِرْبَةٌ: and both signify a certain thing that is sometimes in the neck of a human being or of a beast, like a pebble: or the former word signifies a certain disease in the liver, (K, TA,) slow of cure: (TA:) the pl. of the former is ذِرَبٌ, (K,) or ذِرَبَةٌ, (Az, T,) or this latter is pl. of ذِرْبَةٌ. (TA.) ذَرَبٌ an inf. n. of ذَرِبَ [q. v. passim]. (T, S, M, &c.) b2: See also ذَرَبَيَّا: and see there a pl. or a dual form, in three places. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) An incurable disease: (M, K:) [in the present day applied to diarrhœa; and this is app. meant by what follows:] a disease that attacks the stomach, in consequence of which it does not digest the food; becoming in a bad, or corrupt, state, and not retaining the food. (L.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Rust. (S, K.) ذَرِبٌ Sharp; (T, S, M, K;) applied to anything, (S, M,) as, for instance, a sword, (S,) or a spearhead; and so ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ: (T:) or this latter, applied to a spear-head [&c.], signifies sharpened; (S;) as also ↓ مُذَرَّبٌ: (T, S:) or ذَرِبٌ (A, TA) and ↓ مُذَرَّبٌ (M, K) and ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ, (T, TA,) applied to a sword (T, M, A, K) and a spearhead, (A, TA,) signify [or signify also] poisoned; (A, K;) i. e. steeped in, or imbued with, poison, (T, M, A, TA,) and then sharpened. (T, M, TA.) And سُمٌّ ذَرِبٌ means Sharp poison. (M, A.) A rájiz says, (referring to cattle, TA,) دَبَّتْ عَلَيْهَا ذَرِبَاتُ الأَنْبَارْ meaning [Upon which have crept insects resembling ticks, that produce swellings where they creep,] sharp in stinging. (S.) b2: لِسَانٌ ذَرِبٌ [properly signifies] A tongue sharp in the extremity. (M, TA.) Tropically, (A,) (tropical:) A sharp tongue; (S, A, TA;) as also ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) a chaste, or an eloquent, tongue: (Msb:) [and (assumed tropical:) a profuse, or clamorous, tongue: (see ذَرِبَ:)] and (assumed tropical:) a foul, or an obscene, tongue. (Msb.) and ذَرِبُ اللِّسَانِ (assumed tropical:) Sharp in tongue: (TA:) [(assumed tropical:) profuse, or clamorous, therein; long-tongued: (see ذَرِبَ:)] (assumed tropical:) bad, or corrupt, in tongue: (Abu-l-'Abbás [Th], TA:) (assumed tropical:) wont to revile; (T;) foul, or obscene, in tongue; (ISh, T, TA;) who cares not what he says. (ISh, TA.) And ذَرِبٌ, alone, (assumed tropical:) Sharptongued: and (tropical:) long-tongued, or clamorous; or foul, or obscene, in tongue: (K, * TA:) and so ذَرِبَةٌ, applied to a woman; (Az, T, S, A, Msb; *) and ↓ ذِرْبَةٌ: (Az, T, S, M, K:) this last [is app. a contraction of ذَرِبَةٌ, and used by poetic license: it] is applied by a rájiz to his wife, (T, S, *) as meaning (tropical:) bad, or corrupt, and unfaithful to her husband in respect of her فَرْج; or, accord. to Sh, it means long-tongued; and foul, or obscene, in speech: (T:) and ↓ مَذْرُوبٌ likewise, accord. to Sh, means foul, or obscene, in speech: (TA:) the pl. of ذَرِبٌ is ↓ ذُرْبٌ, (K,) which is irreg.; (TA;) meaning (assumed tropical:) sharp; (M, K;) and (assumed tropical:) sharp in tongue [&c.]: (K:) and the pl. of ↓ ذِرْبَةٌ is ذِرَبٌ. (T, S, M.) b3: مَعِدَةٌ ذَرِبَةٌ [(assumed tropical:) A stomach sharp, or keen, by reason of hunger: or (assumed tropical:) in a good, or right, state: (see ذَرِبَتْ مَعِدَتُهُ:) and also, the contr., i. e.] (tropical:) a stomach in a bad, or corrupt, state. (M, TA.) b4: جُرحٌ ذَرِبٌ (tropical:) A wound in a bad, or corrupt, state, and wide, and not admitting of cure: or flowing with صَدِيد [i. e. ichor tinged with blood]. (M, TA.) b5: ذَرِبُ الخُلُقِ (tropical:) A man of a bad, or corrupt, natural disposition. (A, TA.) A2: See also ذَرْبٌ.

ذِرْبَةٌ: see ذِرْبٌ: b2: and see also ذَرِبٌ, in two places.

الذَّرِبَة: see what next follows.

ذَرَبَى: see what next follows.

ذَرَبِىٌّ: see what next follows.

ذَرَبَيَّةٌ: see what next follows.

ذَرَبَيَّا (assumed tropical:) A vice, fault, defect, or the like; as also ↓ ذَرَبَى. (K.) b2: And A calamity, or misfortune; (S, M, K;) from ذَرِبَ الجُرْحُ meaning “ the wound admitted not of cure; ” (S;) as also ↓ ذَرَبَّى, (K, TA,) or ↓ ذَرَبِىٌّ, (so accord. to the CK,) and ↓ ذَرَبَيَّةٌ [or ذَرَبِيَّةٌ?]. (TA.) El-Kumeyt says, مَانِى بِالذَّرَبَيَّا meaning (assumed tropical:) [He smote me, or afflicted me,,] with calamity, or misfortune: or with evil, or mischief; and discord, or dissension; (T;) as also ↓ بِالذَّرَبَينَ [in the form of a pl. applied to rational beings, as though denoting personifications], (K, accord. to the TA,) or ↓ بِالذَّّرَبَيْنِ [in the dual form]; (so in the CK and in my MS copy of the K;) which likewise means with calamity, or misfortune. (TA.) And لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ الذَّرَبَيَّا and ↓ الذَّرِبَةَ and ↓ الذربَين, [thus this last is written in the TT as from the M,] meaning (assumed tropical:) [I experienced from him, or it,] calamity, or misfortune. (M.) And ↓ أُلْقِىَ بَيْنَهُمْ الذَّرَبَ (assumed tropical:) Evil, or mischief, and discord, or dissension, were cast among them, or between them. (T.) ذَرَبَّى: see the next preceding paragraph.

ذُرَابٌ Poison. (Kr, M, A, K.) ذِرْيَبٌ A yellow flower: (K:) or yellow, applied to a flower and to other things. (M.) صُوفٌ أَذْرَبِىٌّ Wool of Ádharbeeján or Adharbeeján or Adhrabeeján; for there are different opinions respecting the orthography of this name: (TA:) أَذْرَبِىٌّ is a rel. n. from اذربيجان: (K, TA:) contr. to rule; for by rule it should be أَذَرِىٌّ or أَذْرِىٌّ. (IAth, TA.) مِذْرَبٌ The tongue: (K:) so called because of its sharpness. (TA.) مُذَرَّبٌ: see ذَرِبٌ, in two places.

مَذْرُوبٌ: see ذَرِبٌ, in four places.

صدر

1 صَدَرَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb, K) and صَدِرَ, (K,) inf. n. صَدْرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and صُدُورٌ (A, TA) and مَصْدَرٌ (M, K) and مَزْدَرٌ because of the similarity [of the letters ص and ز], (M,) He returned, went back; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) and went, or turned, away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M, A,) and a country, (S, M,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) b2: Hence, صَدَرَ القَوْلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. صُدُورٌ, (assumed tropical:) [The saying issued, proceeded, or emanated, عَنْهُ from him.] (Msb.) [And صَدَرَ عَنْهُ الفِعْلُ, with the same aor. and inf. n., (assumed tropical:) The action proceeded from him.] b3: And صَدَرَ إِلَيْهِ He went to it; namely, a place: (TA:) he came to it. (Kull. p. 228.) A2: صَدَرَهُ: see 4.

A3: Also, (M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. صَدْرٌ, (M,) He hit, struck, or hurt, his صَدْر [i. e. breast]. (M, K.) You say, ضَرَبْتُهُ فَصَدَرْتُهُ I struck him and hit his breast. (A.) b2: And صَدِرَ He had a complaint of the صَدْر [or chest]. (M, K.) [See its part. n., below.]2 صدّرهُ: see 4.

A2: صدّر بَعِيرَهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ, (TA,) He tied a cord from the girth of his camel to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on his breast: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, (L,) one says, صدّر عَنْ بَعِيرِهِ, (M, L,) and the meaning is, he tied a cord from the تَصْدِير [or breast-girth] to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on the breast of his camel, to keep the تصدير in its place, when it had become loose in consequence of the animal's having become lank in the belly: the cord above mentioned is called سِنَافٌ [q. v.]. (Lth, L.) b2: And صدّر عَلَى البَعِيرِ [app. He put the breast-girth upon the camel]: from التَّصْدِيرُ, i. e. “ the girth ” [thus called]. (MA.) b3: صُدِّرَ His (a horse's) breast became wetted with sweat. (S.) See 5. b4: صدّرهُ, (TA,) or صدّرهُ فِى المَجْلِسِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He placed him, or seated him, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (TA.) And صُدِّرَ He was advanced, or promoted. (A.) b5: صدّر كِتَابَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) He put to his book, or writing, a صَدْر, (S, K, TA,) i. e. a title, or a commencement. (TA.) And صدّر كِتَابَهُ بِكَذَا (tropical:) [He commenced his book, or writing, with such a thing]. (A.) A3: See also 5, where it is expl. as intrans., in two places.3 مُصَادَرَةٌ signifies The returning, or going back, [app. with another, from water, &c.] (KL.) [The verb is probably trans., agreeably with general analogy, in all its senses; صادرهُ app. signifying primarily He returned, or went back, with him from water &c. b2: Ibr D thinks that it signifies also (assumed tropical:) He vied, or contended, with him for precedence, or priority.]

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The exacting a fine or the like [app. from another: or the suing, or prosecuting, another, for a debt &c.]. (KL.) You say, صادرهُ عَلَى كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (S, * K, * TA) (assumed tropical:) He desired, or sought, to obtain from him; or he demanded of him; or he sued, or prosecuted, him for; such a sum, or such an amount, of property. (K, * TA.) b2: And صَادَرْتُهُ عَلَى كَذَ ا وَكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I released him from my reckoning with him on such and such terms agreed upon by both. (TA in art. فرق.) And صُودِرَ عَلَى مَالٍ يُؤَدِّيهِ (assumed tropical:) He (an agent) was released from being reckoned with (فُورِقَ) on the condition of his paying certain property for which he became responsible: a phrase of the registrars of accounts. (TA in the present art.) 4 اصدرهُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ صَدَرَهُ, (M, K,) and ↓ صدّرهُ, (K,) He caused him to return; sent him, or brought him, back, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, and a country [or place], (S,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) You say, أَصْدَرْنَا رِكَابَنَا We sent, or brought, back our riding-camels satisfied with drink so that it was not necessary for us to remain with them for the sake of the water. (TA.) And أَوْرَدَهُ وَأَصْدَرَهُ He brought it and he took it away. (Har p.

361.) b2: [Hence,] أَوْرَدَ وَأَصْدَرَ (tropical:) He began and completed. (TA.) You say, إِذَا أَوْرَدَ أَمْرًا أَصْدَرَهُ (tropical:) When he begins a thing, or an affair, he completes it. (A.) And فُلَانٌ يُورِدُ وَلَا يُصْدِرُ (tropical:) Such a one begins and does not complete. (A.) b3: and اصدر القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) [He issued forth the saying; made it to issue, proceed, or emanate, عَنْهُ from him]. (Msb. [See 1.]) [And اصدر عَنْهُ الفِعْلَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, made the action to proceed from him.]5 تصدّر He [a man, TA) erected his chest in sitting. (M, K.) b2: (tropical:) He [a horse) outreached the other horses with his chest; (M, K, * TA;) as also ↓ صدّر, (S, * M, MA, K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ: the latter verb is afterwards expl. in the K as meaning بَرَزَ بِرَأْسِهِ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Tufeyl says, describing a horse, مِنْ عَرَقٍ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا صَدَّرْنَ سِيدٌ تَمَطَّرَ جِنْحَ اللَّيْلِ مَبْلُولُ

As though he were, after they had outreached with their chests, from a row of [other] horses, [a wolf that had exposed himself to rain during a portion of the night, and had become wetted:] but accord. to one relation, it is ↓ صُدِّرْنَ, meaning their breasts were wetted [مِنْ عَرَقٍ] by reason of sweat: the former reading, however is the better. (S.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) He sat, or became placed or seated, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (S, * K, * TA.) and He became advanced, or promoted. (A.) تصدّر لِأُمُورِ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) [He became advanced to the foremost place for the conducting of the affairs of the people]. (Har p. 194.) 6 تصادروا [app. They returned together from water, &c.]. (A. [This meaning seems to be there indicated by the context.]) b2: And one says, تصادروا عَلَى مَا شَاؤُوا (tropical:) [app. meaning They released one another from being reckoned with, by mutual agreement, on such terms as they would: see 3]. (A.) صَدْرٌ Anything that fronts, or faces, one. (M, K.) b2: And hence, (M,) The صَدْر [i. e. breast, or chest, or bosom,] of a man, [often meaning his mind,] (M, Msb, K,) and of other than man: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: (Lh, S, M, K:) pl. صُدُورٌ, (S, M, Msb,) the only pl. form. (M.) [See also صُدْرَةٌ.] As to the saying of the poet, (S, M,) El-Aashà, (S,) وَتَشْرَقُ بِالقَوْلِ الَّذِى قَدْ أَذَعْتُهُ كَمَا شَرِقَتْ صَدْرُ القَنَاةِ مِنَ الدَّمِ

[And thou becomest, or wilt become, red by reason of the saying that I have published, like as the fore part of the spear becomes red from blood], (S, * M,) he has made صدر fem. because the صدر of the قناة is a part of the قناة; for they [sometimes] make a noun fem. when it is prefixed to a fem. noun: (S:) or if you will, you may say that he has made صدر fem. because he meant [thereby] the قناة; and if you will, you may say that the صدر of a قناة is a قناة. (M.) [Hence,] بَنَاتُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) The spaces between the bones of the breast. (M, TA.) [And also] (assumed tropical:) Anxieties. (T in art. بنى.) And ذَاتُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) What is in the minds. (Ksh and Bd and Jel in iii. 115, &c.) and ضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted. (Msb in art. ضيق. [See the Kur xv. 97 and xxvi. 12.]) And شَرَحَ بِالكُفْرِ صَدْرًا (assumed tropical:) He opened and dilated his bosom, meaning, was pleased, with infidelity. (Jel in xvi. 108.

[See also the similar phrases شَرَحَ اللّٰهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ and لِقَبُولِ الخَيْرِ expl. in art. شرح.]) And اِنْشَرَحَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom became dilated or enlarged [with joy]. (S in art. شرح.) And وَاسِعُ الصَّدْرِ and رَحِيبُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Ample, or dilated, in the breast, or bosom; [meaning free-minded; free from distress of mind; without care: and free from narrowness of mind; liberal, munificent, or generous.] (S and TA in art. رحب.) [and ضَيِّقُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Having the bosom, or mind, strait, or contracted.] And رَجُلٌ بَعِيدُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) A man who is not to be turned, or bent, or inclined. (M.) In the saying هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ مَنْ بِهِ صَدْرٌ إِلَّا

أَنْ يَنْفِثَ [meaning Is he who has the disease of the chest (دَآءُ الصَّدْرِ) able to do without spitting?], if it be correct, the prefixed noun [دآء] is suppressed. (Mgh.) [صَدْرُ الدَّجَاجَةِ, as said by Freytag, is the name of (assumed tropical:) The star γ of Cygnus.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The upper, or uppermost, part of the front of anything. (M, K.) [Hence,] صُدُورُ الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) The higher, or upper, parts, and fronts, or fore parts, of the valley; (M, K;) as also صَدَائِرُهُ, which is pl. of ↓ صَدَارَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ صِدَارَةٌ, (as in a copy of the M,) or ↓ صَادِرَةٌ, (as in the L,) or of ↓ صَدِيرَةٌ. (M, L, K.) And صَدْرُ المَجْلِسِ (assumed tropical:) The upper, or highest, part [or end] of the sitting-room, or sitting-place: (TA:) the elevated part thereof. (Msb.) b4: [(assumed tropical:) The fore part of anything. (assumed tropical:) The prow, or fore part, of a ship.] (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the foot, between the toes and the [protuberant part called the] حِمَارَة. (M.) (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the sandal, before the [hole through which is put the thong called the شِرَاك, i. e. the hole called the] خُرْت. (M.) (tropical:) The part of the arrow that is above the middle, as far as the مراش: (so in a copy of the A: [an evident mistranscription for رَأْس, i. e. head:]) or the part of the arrow that is beyond the middle, as far as the slender part, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is next the head; (M;) so called because it is the fore part when it is shot: (S, Msb, K:) and likewise of the spear [as in the verse cited above in this paragraph]. (M.) يَوْمٌ كَصَدْرِ الرُّمْحِ [lit. (assumed tropical:) A day like the fore part of the spear] means (assumed tropical:) a day of straitness and distress: accord. to Th, it is a day by which war, or battle, is peculiarly distinguished. (M, L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The first, first part, or commencement, of anything; (S, M, K;) even (assumed tropical:) of the day, (M, Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) of the night, and (assumed tropical:) of the winter, and (assumed tropical:) of the summer, and (assumed tropical:) the like, (M,) and (tropical:) of an affair. (A. [See an ex. voce عَجُزٌ.]) (tropical:) The title of a book or writing: and the first part, or commencement, thereof. (TA.) [(assumed tropical:) The first foot of the first hemistich of a verse.] And The first hemistich (altogether) of a verse. (O voce عَجُزٌ.) [And (assumed tropical:) The first verse of a قَصِيدَة.] b6: صَدْرُ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) The wide, or widening, part of the road. (Msb.) b7: صَدْرُ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) The head, or chief, of the people, or party; as also ↓ المَصْدَرُ. (TA.) And hence, صَدْرُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) [The chief of the chiefs; a title applied to the prime minister of the king; and also to the chief judge; app., in the earlier times, to the former;] he who performs the onerous duties of the king, or of the state. (TA.) b8: And (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of a thing. (S, K.) صَدَرٌ a subst. signifying Return, (S, M, Msb, K,) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M,) and a country, (S,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair: (Lth:) as some say, from anything. (M.) Hence, طَوَافُ الصَّدَرِ, (K, TA, in the CK الصَّدْرِ,) i. e. The compassing of the Kaabeh on the occasion of the return of the pilgrims from ' Arafát. (TA.) [Hence also,] الصَّدَرُ The fourth day of the days of the sacrifice [performed by the pilgrims]: (M, K:) so called because the people then return from Mekkeh to their abodes. (M.) [And hence the saying,] تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ لَيْلَةِ الصَّدَرِ I left him as in the night preceding the fourth day of the days of the sacrifice: (A:) or [as in the night preceding the day] when the people return from their pilgrimage; (S;) meaning, (assumed tropical:) possessing nothing. (M.) A2: Also quasi-pl. n. of صَادِرٌ, q. v. (M, K.) صُدْرَةٌ The صَدْر [or breast] (M, K) of a man [or beast]: (TA:) or the prominent part of the upper portion thereof. (T, S, M, K.) b2: Hence, (S,) A certain garment [which covers the breast], (S, M,) well known: (K:) a short shirt: a short دِرْع: and the dim., ↓ صُدَيْرَةٌ, is applied to a short shirt which is worn next the body. (TA.) [In the present day, صُدَيْرِى, which is a corruption of the dim., is applied to A kind of waistcoat; a short vest without sleeves: and its pl. is صُدَيْرِيَات.] See also the next paragraph.

صِدَارٌ A certain garment, of which the head, or upper part, is like the مِقْنَعَة, [covering the head,] and the lower part of which covers the breast (M, K) and the shoulders: (M:) a woman in mourning for the death of her husband or relation used to wear a صدار of wool: (Az:) or i. q. ↓ صُدْرَةٌ [q. v.] and مِجْوَلٌ and أُصْدَةٌ: (IAar:) or a certain garment with which the head and breast are covered, worn by a woman in mourning for her husband: (A:) or a small shirt worn next the body: (S:) or a دِرْع worn next the breast: (As:) or i. q. إِتْبٌ [q. v.]. (T in art. اتب.) It is said in a prov., كُلُّ ذَاتِ صِدَارٍ خَالَةٌ [Every female having a صدار is as a maternal aunt]: i. e., it is incumbent on a man to be jealous for every woman like as he is jealous for his women under covert, or the females of his family whom he is under an obligation to respect and protect. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 310.]) b2: Also A certain mark made with a hot iron upon the breast of a camel. (S.) صَدَارَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Precedence, or priority. (TA.) b2: See also صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صِدَارَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صَدِيرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صُدَيْرَةٌ dim. of صُدْرَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) صَادِرٌ Returning [from water, &c.]; going, or turning, back, or away: (TA:) quasi-pl. n.

↓ صَدَرٌ. (M, K.) b2: [Hence the saying,] مَا لَهُ صَادِرٌ وَلَا وَارِدٌ (tropical:) He has not anything: (M, K:) or he has not a thing nor a people. (Lh, M.) b3: And طَرِيقٌ صَادِرٌ (tropical:) A road, or way, by which people return from water: (S, M, A, K:) opposed to طَرِيقٌ وَارِدٌ. (M, A.) صَادِرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

أَصْدَرُ A man (M) having a large breast, or chest; (M, K, TA;) i. e. having the breast, or chest, or the upper part thereof, prominent; as also ↓ مُصَدَّرٌ. (TA.) A2: الأَصْدَرَانِ Two veins (M, K) that beat, or pulse, (M,) beneath the temples: (M, K:) or the two sides of a man: or the two shoulder-joints: (TA:) the word has no singular. (M.) [Hence the saying,] جَآءَ يَضْرِبُ أَصْدَرَيْهِ; (M, Meyd, K, TA;) and some say أَسْدَرَيْهِ [q. v.], (Meyd, TA,) and this is the original; (Meyd;) and some, أَزْدَرَيْهِ; (Meyd, TA;) a prov.; (M, Meyd, TA;) meaning He came beating [with his hand] his two sides, (TA,) or his two shoulderjoints: (Meyd, TA:) i. e. he came empty [-handed]; (M, Meyd, K, * TA;) not having accomplished the object of his desire: (Meyd:) or he came exulting, or behaving insolently, (Meyd, and Har p. 603,) not knowing where were his أَصْدَرَانِ: so accord. to Yoo: and some say, جَآءَ بَضْرِبُ بِأَصْدَرَيْهِ. (Har.) تَصْدِيرٌ [a subst. like تَذْرِيعٌ and تَنْبِيتٌ] The [fore-girth, i. e. breast-girth, or] girth that is upon the breast of the camel: (S, A: *) [the hind girth, or belly-girth,] that which is next the ثِيل, is called the حَقَب: (S:) or the girth of the camel's saddle (الرَّحْل), and of the [camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (M.) مَصْدَرٌ A place of returning or going back, (S, TA,) or of going, or turning, away [from water, and from a country or place, and (assumed tropical:) from an affair or thing]. (TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) b2: [Hence, مَصْدَرُ أَمْرٍ (tropical:) The way of return from, or of completing, a thing or an affair: opposed to مَوْرِدُهُ.] One says, هُوَ يَعْرِفُ مَوَارِدَ الأُمُورِ وَمَصَادِرَهَا (tropical:) [He knows the ways of betaking himself to things or affairs, and the ways of withdrawing himself from them; or of commencing them and of completing them]. (A.) [See also another ex. in art. رحب, conj. 6.] b3: And hence [also], the مَصَادِر [pl. of مَصْدَر] of verbs: (S, TA:) مَصْدَرٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The root of a word, from which proceed the derivatives of verbs: (Lth, TA:) [in this sense it is a conventional term of grammar and lexicology, not belonging to the classical language; but on account of the importance of understanding its true application in lexicology, it is necessary to give here a full explanation of it: it is, agreeably with its etymology, the source (lit. place) of derivation, accord. to the grammarians of ElBasrah; and is what I term an infinitive noun: it is defined as] a noun signifying, by its original application, an accident as subsisting in, or proceeding from, an agent (as الفَرَحُ [“ the being joyful ”], الضَّرْبُ [“ the act of beating ”], and القُعُودُ [“ the act of sitting ”]), or affecting an object of action, (as الجُنُونُ [“ the being possessed by a jinnee ”]), conformable to its verb, so as to comprise all the letters in that verb, either literally (as in the instances above) or virtually (as in القِتَالُ [“ the act of fighting ”], which wants the ا that is before the ت in the verb, yet wants it as to the letter only, and not virtually, wherefore it is sometimes pronounced as if with the said letter, as in قَاتَلَ قِيتَالًا, but the ا is changed into ى on account of the kesr of the letter before it), or substituting another letter for any of those letters that it wants (as in العِدَةُ [“ the act of promising ”], which wants the و that is in its verb as to the letter and virtually, but has ة substituted for it [by way of compensation]): (from a comparison of definitions &c. in the Expos. of the “ Kitab Hodood en-Nahw ” by the author of the work thus entitled, arts. مصدر and اسم مصدر; the Expos. of the “ Shudhoor edh-Dhahab ” by the author of the work thus entitled, section on the nouns that govern as verbs; I' Ak; &c.:) but the grammarians of El-Koofeh hold that the verb is the root, and that the مصدر is derived from it: (I' Ak p. 148:) some مصادر, moreover, are derived from real (as opposed to ideal) substantives, as التَّحَجُّرُ [“ the becoming stone ”] from الحَجَرُ [“ stone ”]. (Kull p. 327.) The مصدر has the same government as its own verb: it is often, and may be at pleasure, used as an ideal subst. or abstract noun: and it is often employed in the place of an act. or a pass. part. n.: (Kull, &c.:) [when thus used as an epithet, it is employed alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.:] accord. to Zj, every مصدر used as an epithet is for ذُو [or ذَات &c.] followed by the مصدر, and therefore it has no dual nor pl. [nor fem.] form. (TA voce حَرَضٌ.) [It has also other uses, which are expl. in the grammars. Used as a مَصْدَر, it is sometimes made fem.; as it is also when used in the sense of a noun that is properly fem.: see صَرْفٌ, third sentence.] b4: اِسْمُ مَصْدَرٍ, called by some اِسْمٌ لِلْمَصْدَرِ, is a term applied to [(assumed tropical:) A quasi-infinitive noun; i. e.] a noun which is not a مصدر, but which is occasionally used in the place of a مصدر; like as a مصدر is used in the place of an act. part. n., and in that of a pass. part. n.: such as الوُضُوْءُ for التَّوَضُّؤُ [“ the performing of the ablution preparatory to prayer ”], and الغُسْلُ for الاِغْتِسَالُ [“ the washing of oneself ”]; each of which wants somewhat that is in its verb without substituting anything for that which is wanting. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb el-Hodood,” cited above.) This kind of noun the grammarians of El-Koofeh and Baghdád allow to govern as a مصدر; but the grammarians of ElBasrah hold that the noun governed in the accus. case in each of the exs. adduced by the former as confirmatory of their opinion is so governed by a verb understood. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,”

ubi suprà.) It is also applied to A proper name signifying an accident [or attribute]; as فَجَارِ and حَمَادِ, proper names, by original application, for الفَجْرَةُ and المَحْمَدَةُ [“ vice ” and “ praise ”] and the like: and this kind does not govern as a مصدر. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb Hodood enNahw,” ubi suprà; and Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) It is also applied to [what is more properly termed اِسْمٌ لِلْمَعْنَى الحَاصِلِ بِالمَصْدَرِ, by some termed simply حَاصِلٌ بِالمَصْدَرِ, i. e. An ideal substantive, or abstract noun;] a noun applied to signify an accident [or attribute] considered abstractedly [such as صَدَرٌ signifying

“ return; ” and this kind is commonly termed in the lexicons simply an اِسْم as distinguished from a مصدر]. (Kull p. 327.) Some apply it also to what is [properly] termed مَصْدَرٌ مِيمِىٌّ [i. e. A مصدر commencing with an augmentative م], if not of the measure مُفَاعَلَةٌ: but such is really a مَصْدَر. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) And some of the grammarians [and of the lexicographers likewise] apply it to A noun that signifies the instrument [or means] with [or by] which the action signified by a مصدر is performed: as الأُكْلُ [“ food,” as being “ that by means of which the act of eating (الأَكْلُ) is performed ”]. (Kull, ubi suprà.) b5: See also صَدْرٌ, last sentence but two.

مُصْدِرٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v. b2: ] (tropical:) A man who completes things or affairs. (A.) A2: and One of the names of the month جُمَادَى الأُولَى: (M, K:) [ISd says,] I think it to be of the dial. of [the tribe of] 'Ad. (M.) مَصْدَرَةُ القَوْمِ (tropical:) Those who are made to have the precedence, or priority, of the people, or party. (A, TA.) مَصْدَرِىٌّ, as a grammatical term, Of, or relating to, the مَصْدَر. See the particles أَنْ and كَىْ &c.]

مُصَدَّرٌ A man (M) strong in the chest; (S, M, K;) and in like manner a lion, (M, A,) and a wolf: (M:) and the lion; (S, K;) and the wolf; (K;) because they are strong in the chest. (TA.) b2: See also أَصْدَرُ. b3: A horse to whose breast the sweat has reached. (M, K.) b4: A horse, and a sheep or goat, white in the upper part (لَبَّة) of the breast: (M, K:) or (with ة, A) a ewe having a black breast, (M, A, K,) the rest of her being white. (M.) b5: (tropical:) A horse that outreaches others (IAar, M, A, K) with his breast: (TA:) IAar does not mention the breast. (M, TA.) [Accord. to rule, this should be مُصَدِّرٌ, as is shown by a verse cited above: see 5.] b6: (tropical:) An arrow thick in the part called the صَدْر. (M, A, K.) b7: And المُصَدَّرُ is a name applied to (assumed tropical:) The first of the arrows termed غُفْل, (M, K,) which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion [and no fine, in the game called المَيْسِر]; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from a dislike of suspicion [of foul play]. (Lh, M. [See السَّفِيحُ and المَنِيحُ.]) مَصْدُورٌ A man (A &c.) having a complaint of the chest. (S, A, Mgh, Msb.) 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-'Abd-Allah Ibn-'Otbeh, on its being said to him, How long wilt thou utter this poetry? replied, لَا بُدَّ لِلْمَصْدُورِ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْعُلَا To him who has a complaint of the chest, there is no avoiding coughing. (TA. [See also نَفَثَ.]) b2: It is also often used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Grieved, afflicted, or vexed. (TA in art. نفث.)

سفح

1 سَفَحَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. سَفْحٌ, (Msb,) [and app. سُفُوحٌ also, mentioned in what follows,] He poured out, or forth, water: (S, A:) and he shed blood, (S, A, Msb, K,) the blood of another; (S, A;) and tears; (Msb, K;) inf. n. as above, and سُفُوحٌ: (K:) or سَفَحَتِ العَيْنُ دَمْعَهَا [the eye shed its tears]. (A.) The saying, in a trad., فَقَتَلَ عَلَىرَأْسِ المَآءِ حَتَّى

سَفَحَ الدَّمُ المَآءَ has been explained as meaning [and he slew at the head of the water so that] the blood covered the water: but IAth says that this is not consistent with the language; for سَفْحٌ signifies the act of “ pouring out, or forth; ” and that the meaning may therefore be, that the blood made the water to pour forth; like as when, into a full vessel, something heavier than what is in it is poured; for in this case there comes forth from it as much as has been poured into it. (TA.) b2: سُفِحَ فِى الأَرضِ (assumed tropical:) [He was stretched, or extended, upon the ground], said of a camel. (K.) A2: The verb is also used intransitively; you say, سَفَحَ المَآءُ, (Msb,) and الدَّمْعُ, inf. n. سُفُوحٌ and سَفَحَانٌ (O, K) and سَفْحٌ, (K,) The water, (Msb,) and the tears, (O, K,) poured out, or forth. (O, Msb, K.) 2 سفّح, inf. n. تَسْفِيحٌ, (assumed tropical:) He did a deed that profited him not; (K;) likened to the arrow called السَّفِح. (TA.) 3 سَاْفَحَ [سافحهُ, inf. n. سِفَاحٌ, and perhaps مُسَافَحَةٌ also, He contended with him in the shedding of blood.] You say, بَيْنَهُمْ سِفَاحٌ Between them is a shedding of blood. (TA.) b2: And [hence,] بَيْنَهُمَا سِفَاحٌ (tropical:) Between them two is a contending in fight: or, in hocking [of camels] (مُعَاقَرَة). (A, TA.) b3: And سِفَاحٌ and مُسَافَحَةٌ also signify (tropical:) The committing fornication with another; (S, A, Msb, K;) لِأَنَّ المَآءَ يُصَبُّ ضَائِعًا; (Msb;) as also ↓ تَسَافُحٌ [which is said of more than one pair]. (K.) Yousay, سَافَحَهَا (tropical:) He committed fornication with her. (A, Msb.) And سَافَحَتْةُ (tropical:) She committed fornication with him: (L:) or she abode with him in the practice of fornication. (TA.) [In all the copies of the S that I have been able to consult, three in number, I find سَافَحَهُ.] And فِى النِكَاحِ غُنْيَةٌ عَنِ السِفَاحِ (tropical:) [In marriage is that which renders one in no need of fornication]. (A, Msb.) In the Time of Ignorance, when a man demanded a woman in marriage, he said, اِنْكِحِينِى; and when he desired fornication, he said, سَافِحِينِى. (TA.) 4 أَجْرَوْا إِسْفَاحًا (assumed tropical:) They made [horses] to run without a wager. (K.) [App., like 2, from السَّفِيحُ, the arrow thus called.]5 تَسَفَّحَ تسفّحaccord. to Freytag, signifies It was, or became, poured out, or forth: but he names no authority for this.]6 تسافحوا الدِمَآءَ [They mutually shed blood; lit., bloods]. (A.) b2: See also 3.

سَفْحٌ The base, foot, bottom, or lowest or lower part, (أَصْل, K, or أَسْفَل, S, A, K,) of a mountain, (S, A, K,) which is the part whereinto is poured (يُسْفَحُ) the water [from the parts above]; i. e. the part where the side thereof rests upon the ground: (S: [as also صَفْحٌ:]) or the [part called] عَرْض thereof, [see this word,] that rests its side upon the ground: or the حَضِيض [app. as meaning the low ground at, or by, the base, or foot,] thereof: (K:) or the spreading part thereof: (A: [there said to be in this sense tropical; but why, I see not:]) or the face thereof: (Msb:) or the lowest, or lower, part thereof, where it is rugged: (Ham p. 80:) pl. سُفُوحٌ. (K.) b2: [The pl.] سُفُوحٌ also signifies Rocks that are soft, or smooth, (K, TA,) and slippery. (TA.) سَفُوحٌ: see سَافِحٌ. You say جَفْنٌ سَفُوحٌ [An eyelid shedding copious tears]. (A.) سَفِيحٌ A sack; syn. جُوَالِقٌ: (K:) سَفِيحَانِ signifies a pair of sacks which are placed (S, L) upon a camel, (L,) like the خُرْج. (S, L.) b2: and A thick, or coarse, [garment of the kind called]

كِسَآء. (O, K.) b3: السَّفِيحُ [incorrectly written by Freytag سَفِيحة, as on the authority of the S,] is the name of An arrow used in the game called المَيْسِر, to which no portion pertains: (S, A, * K:) it is the fourth of the arrows to which the term غُفْل is applied, which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion and no fine; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from fear of occasioning suspicion [of foul play]: the first of them is called المُصَدَّرُ; the next, المُضَعَّفُ; the next, المَنِيحُ; and the next, السَّفِيحُ. (Lh, TA.) b4: See also مُسَافِحٌ.

سَفَّاحٌ A shedder of much blood. (A.) [Hence,] السَّفَّاحُ is the name of A sword of Homeyd Ibn-Bahdal. (K.) b2: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) A giver of many gifts; or one who gives much. (K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Chaste [or rather fluent or eloquent] in speech; syn. فَصِيحٌ: (K:) or possessing ability for speech. (S.) سَافِحٌ Pouring out, or forth; (O, L, Msb, K;) applied to water, (A, Msb,) [and blood,] and tears (دَمْعٌ): (O, L, K:) [accord. to some, unacquainted with the intrans. verb سَفَحَ, a possessive epithet, i. e.] meaning ذُو سَفْحٍ: (Ham p. 709:) syn. with ↓ سَفُوحٌ, [or rather this is an intensive epithet,] and ↓ مَسْفُوحٌ also is syn. with سَفُوحٌ; (TA;) or [rather] signifies poured out, or forth; (A, * L, Msb;) and is applied to water, (A, Msb,) and tears (دَمْعٌ). (L.) أَسْفَحُ (assumed tropical:) Bald in the fore part of the head; (K;) as also أَسْقَحُ (TA) [and أَصْقَحُ].

مَسْفَحٌ A place where water is poured out, or forth; and where blood, and tears, are shed: pl. مَسَافِحُ.] One says, لِلْوَادِى مَسَافِحُ The valley has places where it pours out, or forth. (A, TA.) مُسَفِحٌ (assumed tropical:) One who does a deed that profits him not. (K. [See 2.]) مَسْفُوحٌ: see سَافِحٌ. b2: [Hence,] applied to a camel, it means قَدْ سُفِحَ فِى الأَرْضِ وَمُدَّ (assumed tropical:) [Stretched, or extended, upon the ground; وَمُدَّ being an explicative adjunct]. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Wide. (K.) You say نَاقَةٌ مَسْفُوحَةُ الإِبْطِ (tropical:) A she-camel wide in the arm-pit. (A, K.) And جَمَلٌ مَسْفُوحُ الضُّلُوعِ (tropical:) A camel [wide i. e.] not contracted in the ribs. (A, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Thick, coarse, or big. (K.) b5: You say also, إِنَّهُ لَمَسْفُوحُ العُنُقِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is long, and thick, coarse, or big, in the neck. (TA.) b6: And المَسْفُوحُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) A horse of Sakhr Ibn-'Amr Ibn-El-Hárith. (K.) مُسَافِحٌ (assumed tropical:) A fornicator. (TA.) And مُسَافِحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A fornicatress; (TA;) a woman who does not abstain from fornication. (Aboo-Is-hák, TA.) اِبْنُ مُسَافِحَةٍ means (assumed tropical:) A son of a fornicatress; (TA;) and [in like manner] ↓ سَفِيحٌ a son who is the offspring of fornication. (Sgh, TA in art. عرض.)

حك

1 حَكَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. حَكٌّ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) [He scratched, scraped, rubbed, grated, chafed, or fretted, it: or] he scraped off, abraded, or otherwise removed, its superficial part: (Mgh, Msb:) حَكٌّ signifies the act of scratching: (KL:) or the making a body to pass upon another body with collision: (K:) [as meaning scratching and the like,] it is with the nail, and with the hand, &c. (TA.) مَا حَكَّ ظَهْرِى مِثْلُ يَدِى [Nothing has scratched my back like my hand] is a prov., meaning that one should abstain from relying upon others: and the same meaning is intended in the following verse: مَا حَكَّ جِلْدَكَ مِثْلُ ظُفْرِكْ فَتَوَّلَ أَنْتَ جَمِيعَ أَمْرِكْ [Nothing has scratched thy skin like thy nail: so manage thou thyself all thine affair]. (Har pp. 432 et seq.) The saying, in a trad., إِذَا حَكَكْتُ قَرْحَةً دَمَّيْتُهَا [lit. When I scratch a sore, I make it bleed,] means (tropical:) when I desire an object, I attain it. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَكَّ فِى صَدْرِى, and ↓ احكّ, and ↓ احتكّ, (K,) the first whereof, which is mentioned by IDrd preceded by the negative مَا, is the most approved, (TA,) (tropical:) It wrought, or operated, in, or upon, my mind: (K, TA:) said of a suggestion of the devil, that comes into one's mind. (TA.) Or حَكَّ فِى صَدْرِهِ كَذَا, aor. ـُ means (assumed tropical:) Such a thing occurred to his mind as a thing outweighed in probability, or a matter of suspicion. (Msb.) And you say مَا حَكَّ فِى صَدْرِى (assumed tropical:) It did not make an impression upon my mind. (Har p. 648.) It is said in a trad., الإِثْمُ مَا حَكَّ فِى صَدْرِكَ (assumed tropical:) Sin is that which makes an impression upon thy mind, and induces a suspicion that it is an act of disobedience, because the mind is not dilated thereby. (Mgh. [See also حَاكَ, in arts.

حوك and حيك; and see حَزَّ.]) You say also, مَا حَكَّ فِى صَدْرِى مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ (tropical:) Nothing thereof was unsettled, so as to be doubtful, in my mind. (S, TA.) And مَا حَكَّ فِى صَدْرِى كَذَا (tropical:) Such a thing did not cause dilatation [or pleasure] in my mind. (S, K, TA.) A2: See also 8.

A3: حَكِكَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, aor. ـَ (Kr, K,) a verb of an unusual form, with the reduplication distinct, like لَحِحَتْ in the phrase لَحِحَتْ عَيْنُهُ, &c., (TA,) The beast had its hoof worn away at the edges. (K, * TA.) 2 حكّك, inf. n. تَحْكِيكٌ, He scratched [&c.] well [or much.] (KL.) 3 حاكّهُ, (TA,) inf. n. مُحَاكَّةٌ (S, K, KL) and حِكَاكٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He emulated, rivalled, or imitated, him; [originally, I suppose, in scratching, or the like;] (K, KL, TA;) the inf. n. being syn. with مُبَارَاةٌ; (K, TA;) or like مُبَارَاةٌ. (S.) b2: حاكّ الشَّرَّ (K) (tropical:) He produced, or effected, or brought to pass, evil, or mischief. (TK.) 4 أَحْكَ3َ see 8: b2: and see also 1.5 فُلَانٌ يَتَحَكَّكُ بِى Such a one rubs, or scratches, himself against me; syn. يَتَمَرَّسُ بى: (S: so in two copies:) or (tropical:) becomes exasperated by me; syn. يَتَحَرَّشُ بى: (TA:) and addresses, or applies, himself to do evil, or mischief, to me. (S, K, TA.) لَقَدْ تَحَكَّكَتِ العَقْرَبُ بِالأَفْعَى (assumed tropical:) The scorpion has addressed itself to do evil, or mischief, to the viper, is a prov., applied to him who contends with his superior in strength and power, and does evil to him. (Har p. 478.) 6 تَحَاكَّا [They scratched, scraped, rubbed, grated, chafed, or fretted, each other; or] their two bodies became in collision, and each of them scratched, &c., (حَكَّ,) the other. (K.) b2: هٰذَا أَمْرٌ تَحَاكَّتْ فِيهِ الرُّكَبِ, and ↓ احتكّت, (tropical:) This is a case in which the knees are in contact, and in collision, is a saying by which is meant equality of station or rank, or the sitting together upon the knees in contending for superiority in glory or excellence or nobility. (TA.) b3: [تحاكّ also signifies It became scraped off, or rubbed off, by degrees; the verb in this sense being similar to تساقط &c.: see حُكَاكَةٌ.]8 احتكّ بِهِ He scratched, scraped, or rubbed, himself (حَكَّ نَفْسَهُ) against it; (S, K;) as the mangy or scabby [camel] does against a piece of wood. (TA.) b2: احتكّ رَأْسِى My head induced me, or caused me, to scratch it; (دَعَانِى إِلَى حَكِّهِ;) [i. e. it itched;] as also ↓ أَحَكَّنِى and ↓ اِسْتَحَكَّنِى and ↓ حَكَّنِى; (K;) though this last is held by IB to be erroneous: (TA:) and in like manner one says of all the other members. (M, TA.) b3: See also 1: b4: and 6. b5: احتكّ حَافِرُهُ مِنْ كَثْرَةِ السَّيْرِ [His hoof became chafed, abraded, or worn, by much travel]. (Ham p. 476.) 10 إِسْتَحْكَ3َ see 8.

حِكٌّ (tropical:) Doubt (K, TA) in religion &c.; (TA;) as also ↓ حِكَّةٌ: (AA, TA:) because it makes an impression (يَحُكُّ) upon the mind. (TA.) A2: حِكُّ شَرٍّ, explained in the K, as also شَرٍّ ↓ حِكَاكُ, by the words يُحَاكُّهُ كَثِيرًا, means (tropical:) A producer of much evil, or mischief: (TK:) it is a tropical phrase: and in like manner one says حِكُّ ضِغْنٍ (tropical:) [a producer of much rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite]: and حِكُّ مَالٍ (tropical:) [a producer of much wealth]. (TA.) حِكَّةٌ [An itching;] a subst. from اِحْتَكَّ as used in the phrase احتكّ ارأسى [q. v.]; as also ↓ حُكَاكٌ. (K.) b2: And The جَرَب [i. e. mange, or scab]: (S, K:) or it differs from the latter; and is said to be the dry جَرَب: (MF:) or anything that one scratches; as the جَرَب and the like: (Mgh:) [in the present day particularly applied to the itch:] a certain cutaneous disease; said in the medical books to be a thin humour, causing swelling, originating beneath the skin, not accompanied with pus, but with what resembles bran, and quick in passing away. (Msb.) b3: And hence (assumed tropical:) Lice. (Mgh.) A2: See also حِكٌّ.

حَكَكٌ A wearing away at the edges in a beast's hoof. (K, * TA.) A2: A gait in which is commotion, like the gait of a short woman who moves about her shoulder-joints. (Ibn-'Abbád, L, K.) A3: Soft, or uncompact, white stones: (S:) or a kind of white stone, like marble, (K, TA,) more soft, or uncompact, than marble, but harder than gypsum: n. un. with ة: (TA:) or, with ة, ground in which are soft, or uncompact, stones, like marble: (ISh, TA:) or, accord. to ADk, ↓ حُكَكَاتٌ, with damm, and then fet-h, signifies ground in which are white stones, resembling أَقِط, that break into many pieces; and such is only in low land, (TA.) حُكُكٌ (tropical:) Evil, or mischievous, persons. (IAar, K, TA.) b2: And (tropical:) Such as are importunate in demanding things wanted. (IAar, K, TA.) حُكَكَاتٌ: see حَكَكٌ.

حُكَاكٌ A thing that is rubbed, or grated, (حُكَّ,) upon another thing, so as to produce حُكَاكَة. (IDrd, TA.) b2: I. q. بُورَقٌ [q. v.]. (Sgh, K.) A2: See also حِكَّةٌ.

حِكَاكٌ [A thing against which a beast rubs, or scratches, himself]. The Arabs say, فُلَانٌ جِذْلٌ حِكَاكٌ خَشَعَتْ عَنْهُ الأُبَنُ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is a rubbingpost from which the knots have become worn down]; meaning that he is so pruned, or trimmed, [figuratively speaking,] that nothing is cast at him but it glances off from him, and recoils. (TA.) [See مُحَكَّكٌ.]

A2: حِكَاكُ شَرٍّ: see حِكٌّ.

حَكِيكٌ i. q. ↓ مَحْكُوكٌ [i. e. Scratched, scraped, rubbed, &c.; and particularly worn by rubbing or friction;] applied to a كَعْب [app. as meaning an ankle-bone, or rather the skin upon that bone]: and having the edges worn away; syn. نَحِيتٌ, (S,) or مَنْحُوتٌ; (K;) applied to a solid hoof; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ أَحَكُّ: (K, TA:) and كُلُّ نَحِيتٍ خَفِىَ [so in copies of the K: in the CK the last word in this explanation is خَفِىٍّ: but I doubt not that the right reading is حَفِىَ, with the unpointed ح; and that the meaning of the whole is, whatever (i. e. whatever foot) is worn by rubbing or friction; that has become attenuated, or chafed, by much walking or treading; agreeably with the explanation that follows]: the subst. is حَكَكٌ: and you say, حَكِكَتِ الدَّابَّةُ. (K.) And A horse having the hoofs much worn (مُنَحَّتُ الحَوَفِرِ, IDrd, K, in the CK الحَافِرِ) by the erosion of the ground, so as to be attenuated. (IDrd, TA.) حُكَاكَةٌ What falls from a thing عِنْدَ الحَكِّ [i. e. on the occasion of scratching, scraping, rubbing, grating, &c.]. (S, K.) And What is scraped, or rubbed, or grated, (مَا حُكَّ,) between two stones, and then used as a collyrium for ophthalmia: (K:) or what is scraped off, or rubbed off, by degrees, (مَا تَحَاكَّ,) between two stones, when one of them is rubbed with the other, for medicine and the like. (TA.) حَكَّاكٌ A lapidary.]

حَكَّاكَةٌ (tropical:) A thing that makes an impression upon hearts: pl. حَكَّاكَاتٌ: (IAth, TA:) or the pl. signifies (tropical:) [suggestions of the devil or of the mind, whereby the mind is disturbed; such as are termed]

وَسَاوِسُ: (K, TA:) things that make an impression (تَحُكُّ) upon the heart, and are dubious to a man: such are sins said to be. (TA.) حَاكَّةٌ A tooth: (S, K:) thus called because it rubs, or grates, (تَحُكُّ,) either its fellow or what one eats: an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) So in the saying, مَا بَقِيتَ فِى فِيهِ حَاكَّةٌ [There remained not in his mouth a tooth]. (S.) The Arabs also say, مَا فِيهِ حَاكَّةٌ وَلَا تَا كَّةٌ, meaning There is not in him, or it, a grinder (ضِرْسٌ) nor a dog-tooth. (Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, TA.) أَحَكُّ: see حَكِيكٌ b2: Also A man (TA) having no حَاكَّة, i. e., no tooth, in his mouth. (K, * TA) مَا أَنْتَ مِنْ أَحْكَاكِهِ Thou art not of his, or its, men: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) [app. meaning thou art not the man to cope with him, or to accomplish it.]

مِحَكٌّ [A touchstone; the stone upon which pieces of money &c. are rubbed to try their quality;] the stone of the نَقَّادُون. (Har p. 66.) [It is commonly called in the present day مِحَكَّةٌ: which also signifies a stone for rubbing the soles of the feet, &c.: and a rasp.]

الجِذْلُ المُحَكَّكُ [The rubbing-post; i. e.] the thing that is set up in the place where camels lie down, at their watering-place, for the mangy camels to rub against it. (S, K.) Hence the saying of El-Hobáb Ibn-El-Mundhir El-Ansáree, (S,) أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا المُحَكَّكُ وَعُذَيْقُهَا المُرَجَّبُ, [see جِذْلٌ,] meaning I am he by means of whose counsel, or advice, and forecast, relief is sought: (S, K: *) or it has another meaning, preferred by Az, i. e., that the sayer was one who had been strengthened by experience, who had experienced and known affairs, and been tried, or proved, by them, and found to be one who bore up against difficulty, strong and firm, such as would not flee from his adversary: or the meaning is, I am, exclusively of [the rest of] the Ansár, a rubbing-post for him who would oppose me, and with me should the stubborn be coupled: the dim. form is here used for the purpose of aggrandizement. (TA.) [See also حِكَاكٌ.]

مَحْكُوكٌ: see حَكِيكٌ.

عرفج

عَرْفَجٌ A certain plant, (S,) or a sort of trees [or shrubs], (K,) growing in plain, or soft, land: n. un. with ة: (S, K:) it is said to be of the trees [or shrubs] of the صَيْف [meaning either spring or summer], soft, or pliable, dust-coloured, and having a rough produce like the حَسَك [or prickly heads of thistles and similar plants]: (TA:) Aboo-Ziyád says, (O, TA,) as related by AHn, (O,) that it is of sweet, or pleasant, odour, dustcoloured, inclining to greenness, having a yellow blossom; (O, TA;) and when it becomes aggregated and abundant in a place, that place is called حَوْمَانٌ: (O:) it has no grains nor thorns: (O, TA:) it and the ثُمَام and the ضَعَة grow in plain, or soft, land, and on the mountain; and none of these has thorns: its firewood is the best of firewood in odour, and the quickest in taking fire and in blazing: (O:) AHn [also] says, certain of the Arabs of the desert informed me that its root is wide, occupying a [considerable] piece of ground; and it sends forth many shoots, proportionate to the root, without leaves, [but see خُوصٌ,] being only slender shoots, at the extremities whereof are [buds, or the like, such as are termed] زَمَع, at the heads of which appears a yellow substance like hair: and he says that, accord. to the ancient Arabs of the desert, it occupies a space like that of a man sitting, becomes white when it dries up, has a yellow produce, is eaten in the fresh and dry state by the camels and sheep or goats, and its flame is intensely red, whence one says, كَأَنَّ لِحْيَتَهُ ضِرَامُ عَرْفَجَةٍ or عَرْفَجٍ [As though his beard were the blazing, or flaming, of an 'arfajeh or of 'arfaj]. (TA.) The fire of the عرفج is called نَارُ الزَّحْفَتَيْنِ [The fire of the two walks]; because he who kindles it walks to it, and when it burns up he walks from it: (T, TA:) or because it quickly blazes and quickly subsides; so when it blazes they walk from it, and when it subsides they walk to it. (O. [See also art. زحف.]) When the greenness of plants appears in it, it is termed عَرْفَجَةٌ خَاضِبَةٌ. (Aboo- 'Obeyd El-Bekree, TA.) When it has been rained upon, and its stalk has become soft, one says ثَقَّبَ عُودُ العَرْفَجِ: when it has become somewhat black, قَمِلَ: when a little more so, اِرْقَاطَّ: when more so, أَدْبَى: and when its خُوص are perfect, أَخْوَصَ. (AA, TA.) b2: كَمَنِّ الغَيْثِ عَلَى العَرْفَجَةِ [Like the benefit conferred by the rain upon the 'arfajeh], meaning its falling upon it when dry, and causing it to become green, is a prov., said, accord. to Az, to him upon whom thou hast conferred a benefit and who says to thee, Dost thou confer a benefit upon me? (TA.) b3: لَىُّ العَرْفَجَةِ signifies A certain mode of coïtus. (O, K.) عَرَافِجُ Sands in which is no road. (O, K. [In the latter it is expl. as though it were a proper name.])

حس

1 حَسڤ3َحَسَّ, (first Pers\. حَسِسْتُ, or حَسَسْتُ, and حَسِيتُ, and حَسَيْتُ, and حَسْتُ,) as syn. with

أَحَسَّ: see 4, throughout. b2: حَسَّ لَهُ, first Pers\.

حَسَسْتُ, aor. ـِ (S, K;) and first Pers\. حَسِسْتُ, [aor. ـَ (Yaakoob, S, K;) inf. n. حِسٌّ (S, K) and حَسٌّ, (K,) or the latter is inf. n. of both verbs, but the former is a simple subst., (TA,) He was, or became, tender, or compassionate, towards him: (S, K:) [lit., he felt for him:] ISd says that, for رَقَقْتُ لَهُ, the explanation of حسستُ له, he found in the book of Kr the verb written with ف and ق; but that the former [?] is the right: (TA:) or he lamented for him; (Aboo-Málik, TA;) as also لَهُ ↓ حَسْحَسَ. (K, * TA.) The Arabs say, إِنَّ العَامِرِىَّ لَيَحِسُّ لِلسَّعْدِىِّ Verily the 'Ámiree is tender, or compassionate, towards the Saadee; because of the relationship that subsists between them. (TA.) And Abu-l-Jarráh El-'Okeylee said, مَارَأَيْتُ عُقَيْلِيًّا إِلَّا حَسَسْتُ لَهُ I have not seen an 'Okeylee without my feeling tenderness, or compassion, towards him; (S, TA;) for the same reason. (TA.) [See حَاسَّةٌ, second signification.]

A2: حَسَّهُ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. حَسٌّ,] He made his حِسّ [i. e. sound, or motion,] to cease. (Bd in iii. 145.) b2: Hence, (Bd, ubi suprà,) حَسَّهُمْ, aor. ـُ (S, A, Bd, Msb,) inf. n. حَسٌّ, (Msb, K,) [and app., accord. to Fr, حِسٌّ, or this may be a simple subst.,] He slew them: (Bd, Msb, K:) and extirpated them: (K:) or he slew them quickly: (A, TA:) or he extirpated them by slaughter: (Aboo-Is-hák, S:) or he slew them with a quick and extirpating slaughter: or with a vehement slaughter: (TA:) it occurs in the Kur iii. 145: (S, A:) accord. to Fr, حِسٌّ, [so in the TA,] in this instance, is the act of slaying and destroying. (TA.) [Hence, حُسَّ app. signifies It was utterly destroyed, so that nothing was left in the place thereof; and so ↓ احتسّ; for it is said that] حِسٌّ and اِحْتِسَاسٌ, with respect to anything, signify أَنْ لَا يُتْرَكَ فِى

المَكَانِ شَىْءٌ. (TA.) Also حَسَّهُمْ, aor. as above, He trod them under foot, and despised them. (TA.) And حَسَّ البَرْدُ الجَرَادَ The cold killed the locusts. (S.) b3: [Hence,] الجَرَادُ تَحُسُّ الأَرْضَ The locusts eat the herbage of the land. (TA.) and حَسَّ البَرْدُ الكَلَأَ, (S, K,) or الزَّرْعَ, (A,) aor. ـُ (S, TA,) inf. n. حَسٌّ, (TA,) (tropical:) The cold nipped, shrunk, shrivelled, or blasted, (lit., burned, أَحْرَقَ, q. v.,) the herbage, (S, K,) or the seed-produce. (A.) A3: حَسَّ الدَّابَّةَ, (S, TA,) or حَسَّهَا بِالمِحَسَّةِ, (A,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَسٌّ, (S, K,) (tropical:) He curried the beast; removed the dust from it with the مِحَسَّة. (S, A, K, TA.) [See a proverb, voce حَشَّ.] Hence the saying of Zeyd Ibn-Soohán, on the day of the battle of the Camel, when he was carried off from the field, about to die, اِدْفِنُونِى فِى ثِيَابِى وَلَا تَحُسُّوا عَنِّى تُرَابًا (tropical:) [Bury ye me in my clothes, and] shake not off any dust from me. (S, TA.) 2 حَسَّسْتُ الشَّىْءَ [a mistake in the CK for حَسَسْتُ]: see 4.4 احسّ الشَّىْءَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْسَاسٌ, (Msb,) He perceived, or became sensible of, (وَجَدَ,) the حِسّ (i. e. motion or sound, TA) of the thing: (S, K, TA:) he knew the thing by means of [any of] the senses: (IAth, accord. to his explanation of الإِحْسَاسُ as signifying العِلْمُ بِالحَوَاسِّ:) he ascertained the thing as one ascertains a thing that is perceived by the senses: (Bd in iii. 45:) he knew the thing; or he perceived it by means of any of the senses; syn. عَلِمَ بِهِ, (Msb,) and عَلِمَهُ, and عَرَفَهُ, and شَعَرَ بِهِ; (TA;) as also ↓ حَسَّهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَسٌّ and حِسٌّ and حَسِيسٌ; (TA, in explanation of the saying in the K that حَسَسْتُ الشَّىْءَ [in the CK erroneously ↓ حَسَّسْتُ] signifies the same as أَحْسَسْتُهُ;) and in like manner احسّ بِهِ is syn. with شَعَرَ بِهِ; (L, Msb;) and so is بِهِ ↓ حَسَّ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حِسٌّ (L, Msb) and حَسٌّ and حَسِيسٌ; (L;) or حِسٌّ is a simple subst.: (M, L:) accord. to Fr, إِحْسَاسٌ is syn. with وُجُودٌ; and Zj says that the meaning of احسّ is عَلِمَ and وَجَدَ: (TA:) or احسّ signifies he perceived, or became sensible of; syn. وَجَدَ: and he thought, or opined: (Akh, S, K:) and he saw; syn. أَبْصَرَ: and he knew: (K:) and is trans. in these senses by itself, (Akh, S,) or by means of بِ: (TA:) and أَحْسَسْتُ بِهِ signifies I knew it certainly; was certain, or sure, of it; (S;) as also به ↓ حَسِسْتُ, (S, K,) with kesr; (K;) speaking of news, or tidings: (S:) and for أَحْسَسْتُ, some say أَحْسَيْتُ, (S, Msb, K,) changing the [second] س into ى; (S, Msb;) and أَحَسْتُ, (T, S, L, K,) with a single س, which is an extr. kind of contraction, (S, K,) but made in all other similar cases, where the last radical letter is quiescent; (Sb, L, TA;) and [thus] for أَحْسَسْنَ, we find أَحَسْنَ; (S;) and in like manner, for ↓ حَسِسْتُ, (S, K,) or ↓ حَسَسْتُ, (Msb,) some say حَسِيتُ, (T, S, M, L,) and حَسَّيْتُ, (M, L, Msb, K, [in the CK حَسْتُ, which is the modern vulgar form,]) and حَسْتُ. (Abu-l-Hasan, IAar, T, M, L.) You say, احسّهُ بِعَيْنِهِ [He perceived him, or it, with his eye]; (Ibn-Zekereeyà, TA in art. جس;) and so ↓ حَسَّهُ. (Sgh, TA ibid.) [In the present art. in the TA, it is said that حَسَّهُ بالنصل is syn. with أَحَسَّهُ: but بالنّصل is evidently a mistranscription for بِالبَصَرِ.] And it is said in the Kur [iii. 45], فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ عِيسَى مِنْهُمُ الكُفْرَ And when Jesus ascertained their unbelief as one ascertains a thing that is perceived by the senses: (Bd:) or opined it; or perceived it, or became sensible of it: (Akh, S:) or saw it: (Lh, TA:) or knew it, or perceived it sensibly. (Msb.) And in the same [xix. last verse], هَلْ تُحِسُّ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ Dost thou see of them any one? (TA.) You say also, هَلْ أَحْسَسْتَ الخَبَرَ Hast thou known the news? (TA.) And أَحْسَسْتُ بِالخَبَرِ, and أَحْسَيْتُ بِهِ, and به ↓ حَسِسْتُ, and حَسِيتُ به, I knew the news certainly. (S.) And أَحْسَسْتُ الخَبَرَ, and أَحَسْتُهُ, and ↓ حَسِيتُهُ, and حَسْتُهُ, I knew somewhat of the news. (T, L, TA.) And مَا أَحْسَسْتُ بِاخَبَرِ, and اَحَسْتُ بِه. مَا, and به ↓ ما حَسِيتُ, and ما حَسْتُ, I knew not aught of the news. (T, L, TA.) 5 تحسّس He listened to the discourse of people: (El-Harbee, K:) accord. to Aboo-Mo'ádh, it is (??) to تَسَمَّعَ and تَبَصَّرَ: (TA:) or he sought repeatedly, or time after time, to know a thing, by the sense (الحاسة) [of hearing &c.]: (Har p. 678:) or (so accord. to the TA, but in the K “ and,”) he sought after, (Msb, K.) or sought after repeatedly, or time after time, (Msb,) news, or tidings, of a people, in a good cause; (K;) تجسّس signifying the doing the same in an evil cause: A'Obeyd says, you say, تَحَسَّسْتُ الخَبَرَ and تَجَسَّسْتُهُ; and Sh says that تَنَدَّسْتُهُ is similar to it; and IAar, that تَحَسَّسْتُ الخَبَرَ and تَبَجَّسْتُهُ [but this is app. a mistranscription for تَبَحَّثْتُهُ] signify the same. (TA.) You say also, تحسّس مِنَ الشَّيْءِ He asked, or inquired, after news, or tidings, of the thing. (S, TA.) And تحسّس فُلَانًا, and مِنْ فُلَانٍ, He inquired, or sought for information, respecting such a one; as also تجسّس: or the former signifies he sought after him for himself; and the latter, “he sought after him for another. ” (TA, art. جس.) The passage in which it occurs in the Kur xii. 87, has been differently interpreted, accord. to the several explanations here given. (TA.) A2: See also 7.7 انحسّ (assumed tropical:) It became pulled out or up or off; became eradicated, or displaced; fell, or came, out; syn. اِنْقَلَعَ: (S, K:) it fell; fell off; or fell continuously, by degrees, or one part after another; syn. تَحَاتَّ, (S, K,) and تَسَاقَطَ: (A, TA:) it broke in pieces: (TA:) said by Az to be a dial. var. of انْحَتَّ. (TA.) You say, انحسّت

أَسْنَانُهُ (S, TA) (tropical:) His teeth fell, or came, out, (انقلعت,) and broke in pieces. (TA.) and اِنحسّ شَعَرُهُ (tropical:) His hair fell off continuously. (A.) And in like manner, أَوْبَارُ الإِبِلِ ↓ تَحَسَّسَتْ, (TA,) and ↓ تَحَسْحَسَتْ, (K, TA,) (tropical:) The fur of the camels fell off continuously, and became scattered. (K, * TA.) 8 احتسّ: see حَسَّهُ.

R. Q. 1 حَسْحَسَ لَهُ: see حَسَّ لَهُ.

R. Q. 2 تَحَسْحَسَتْ أَوْبَارُ الإِبِلِ: see 7.

حِسٌّ [accord. to some, a subst. from 1, q. v., in several senses explained above; but accord. to others, an inf. n. As a simple subst., it is often used as syn. with حَاسَّةٌ in the first of the senses assigned to the latter below; i. e., A sense; a faculty of sense; as, for instance, in the K in art. سمع. b2: Hence الحِسُّ المُشْتَرَكُ: see art. شرك].

A2: A sound: (K:) or a low, faint, gentle, or soft, sound; as also ↓ حَسِيسٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) [in the present day it often signifies the voice of a man or woman; and particularly when soft:] a plaintive voice or sound, in singing or weeping, and such as that of a lute; syn. رَنَّهٌ: (TA:) or ↓ حَسِيسٌ, [or both,] the sound by which a thing is perceived: (Bd in xxi. 102:) and the former, motion: (K:) and the passing of anything near by one, so that he hears it without seeing it; as also ↓ حَسِيسٌ. (K TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxi. 102], ↓ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا They shall not hear its low sound: (S:) [meaning, that of hellfire:] or the sound by which it shall be perceived: (Bd:) or the motion of its flaming. (TA.) and in a trad., فَسَمِعَ حِسَّ حَيَّةٍ And he heard the motion, and the sound of the passing along, of a serpent. (TA.) And you say, مَا سَمِعَ لَهُ حِسًّا وَلَا جِرْسًا He heard not any motion, nor any sound, of him, or it. (TA.) It may refer to a man and to other things; as, for instance, wind. (TA.) A3: A pain which attacks a woman after childbirth, (S, A, K,) in the womb: (A:) or the pain of childbirth, when the latter is [first] felt: but the former meaning is confirmed by a trad. (TA.) b2: حشسُّ الحُمَّى The commencement of fever, when the latter is [first] felt; (TA;) as also ↓ حِسَاسُهَا: (Lh, TA:) or حِسٌّ signifies a touch, or slight affection, of fever, at its very commencement. (TA.) A4: Cold that nips, shrinks, shrivels, or blasts, (lit., burns, يُحْرقُ, for which, in the TA, is substituted يَقْطَعُ,) the herbage. (S, K.) [See also حَاسَّةٌ.]

حَسَاسٌ, with fet-h, Perception by means of any of the senses; syn. وُجُودٌ. (L, TA.) Hence the proverb, لَا حَسَاسَ مِنِ ابْنَىْ مَوْقِدٍ [There is no perceiving of the two sons of the place of the kindling of fire]: (L, TA:) for they say that two men used to kindle a fire in a road, and, when people passed by them, to entertain them as guests; and a party passing by when they had gone, a man said these words. (L.) And hence the saying, ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فَلَا حَسَاسَ بِهِ Such a one has gone, and there is no perceiving him: or there is no perceiving his place. (TA.) حِسَاسُ الحُمَّى: see حِسٌّ.

سَنَةٌ حَسُوسٌ A year of severe sterility and drought; (S, K; *) in which is little good fortune; (TA;) as also ↓ حَاسُوسٌ: (K:) or a year that consumes everything. (TA.) حَسِيسٌ: see حِسٌّ, in four places.

A2: Slain; killed. (S, Msb.) حِسِّىٌّ [Relating to sense; sensible, or perceptible by sense;] opposed to مَعْنَوِيٌّ. (Kull p. 101 &c.) حَسَّاسٌ Having strong perception: an epithet applied in this sense to the devil. (TA.) b2: رَجُلٌ حَسَّاسٌ للْأَخْبَارِ A man having much knowledge of news. (Msb.) b3: القُوَّةُ الحَسَّاسَةٌ [The sensitive faculty]. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. حى.) حَاسُوسٌ One who searches for news or tidings; (TA;) like جَاسُوسٌ: (K, TA:) or the former relates to good, and the latter to evil. (K, TA.) A2: Unfortunate; unlucky; (IAar, K;) as also ↓ مَحْسُوسٌ; (Lh, TA;) applied to a man. (IAar, K.) b2: See also حَسُوسٌ.

حَاسَّةٌ sing. of حَوَاسُّ, (A, Msb, K,) which signifies The five senses; (S, Msb;) the hearing, the sight, the smell, the taste, and the touch: (S, Msb, K:) these are the external: the internal are also five; but authors disagree respecting the seats thereof. (TA.) [See also حِسٌّ.] b2: [A feeling; as in the saying,] أَطَّتْ لَهُ مِنِّى حَاسَّةُ رَحِمٍ [A feel-ling of relationship, or consanguinity, pleaded for him on my part]. (Aboo-Málik, TA.) b3: [An organ of sense; as when you say,] العَيْنُ حَاسَّةُ الرُّؤْيَةِ [العين is the organ of the sense of sight]. (S in art. عين.) A2: [حَاسَّةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A thing that destroys, consumes, or injures, herbage or the like. Hence,] حَوَاسٌ الأَرْضِ Cold and hail [in one copy of the S heat] and wind and locusts and the beasts [that pasture]: (S, K:) these also being five. (S.) You say, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضَ حَاسَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) Cold smote the land: (Lh, TA:) the ة is to denote intensiveness. (TA.) [See also حِسٌّ, last signification.] And أَصَابَتْهُمْ حَاسَّةٌ (tropical:) Injury befell them (S, TA) from cold (S, A, TA) or some other cause. (S.) حَاسَّةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Wind that removes the dust into the pools of water left by torrents, and fills them, so that the moist earth dries up. (AHn, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) Locusts eating the herbage of the land. (TA.) You say also, مَرَّتْ بِالقَوْمِ حَوَاسُّ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Severe years passed over the people. (Lh, TA.) البَرْدُ مَحَسَّةٌ لِلْكَلَأ, (S, TA,) and لِلنَّبَاتِ, (A, TA,) (tropical:) The cold is a cause of nipping, shrinking, shrivelling, or blasting, (lit., of burning, see 1,) to the herbage. (S, TA.) مِحَسَّةٌ (tropical:) A currycomb; syn. فِرْجَونٌ; (S, A, * K;) it is an instrument of iron, having teeth like the مُشْط. (TA in art. نمص.) مَحْسُوسٌ pass. part. n. of 1, q. v. b2: [As a subst. it means A thing perceived by any of the senses; an object of sense: pl. مَحْسُوسَاتٌ.] b3: الطَّرِيقُ المَحْسُوسَةُ [lit., The way that is sensibly perceived; app., the milky way in the sky: or] the tract in the sky along which (مِنْهَا) the [wandering] stars [or planets] take their courses. (TA voce المَجَرَّةُ.) A2: أَرْضٌ مَحْسُوسَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Land smitten by locusts. (TA.) A3: See also حَاسُوسٌ.