كلّ: كل وكلّ اسم مصدر عند (فريتاج) وكذلك كلل (في معجم مسلم فوك).
كلل عنه مدبراً: تركه لمصيره (البكري 185 - 8).
كلّل: أتعب (فوك).
كلل: كلل بالجواهر (بوشر).
كلل: توّج، طوّق. إلا ان الكلمة تعني بدقة التكليل عند النصارى لعقد الزيجة لأنهم يكللون فيها العروسين (محيط المحيط) ويضعون نوعاً من التيجان على الرأس الخاطب وآخر على رأس الخطّيبي؛ ويدعى هذا الاحتفال ب: التكليل (لين 371:2) (محيط المحيط)، ومن هنا اقتبس (بوشر) هذه الكلمة وسماها: حفلة الزواج الطقوس الزواج المسيحي ويذكر أيضاً كلمة كلل ل أي احتفل بالزواج ومارس طقوسه.
تكلل وجه بالعرق: أي إن حبات العرق غطت وجهه كاللآلئ (ألف 3:411:2).
تكلل: وردت في ديوان الهذليين في المقطع 212 البيت التاسع وانظر ص213 البيت الخامس.
كَلّ. هو كلُّ عليّ، إنه على نفقتي، ينبغي أن أطعمه (معجم البلاذري 76).
كُل: في تاريخ الجاهلية لأبي الفداء نرى قوله (ص12) فكل الدواب أبى ذلك وهذا يعني أن العدد والجنس مستغرقان ب كل وهذا مخالف للمعتاد ..
بكل كاس: بكل الكؤوس، أي بعدد كبير من الكؤوس (المقري 558:2):
واللص ما بيننا صريعاً بكل كأسٍ عليه دائر.
كلما: تستعمل، عند الخوف أو الإيجاز أو الإضمار، بمعنى دائماً أو بثبات واستمرار (عبد الواحد 173، 8: كشمس الضحى يعشى بها الطرف كلّما ... الخ).
كلّما: ولا كل هذا (ذا) قَطُّ، أبداً، إطلاقاً، قطعاً (الأغاني 60:4، 15، و 60:5، 9 وبلانجيه)؛ ولا كل هذا بمرة: أبداً، حتى ولا مرة واحدة (دي جوج 109:5).
كلّما: كل قليل وكل كم يوم: غالياً (بوشر).
كلّما: من كل بدّ: أكيداً (بوشر).
كلاّ. حاشا وكلا استغفر الله! (لم أقترف هذا الذنب)؛ حاشا وكلا أن يخطر في بالي شيء كذا (بوشر).
كِلّة: وجمعها كِلال (الحريري 35، 8): ستار، ناموسية وهي كَلَّة عند (فوك).
سماء من كَلة: سماء، أعلى السرير (الكالا) ( cielo de cama) .
الكَلة: (في العقد الصقلي، معجم الأسبانية ص80).
كلّة البقر: باب حظيرة البقر (ليلو 19).
كُلّة (تركية كُلة، كولة) وجمعها كُلل: قلّة، كرة النار في المدفع (بوشر، محيط المحيط). قنبلة، كرة مثقوبة من المعدن، يوضع فيها البارود (بوشر).
كُلّة: كُريّة، كرة صغيرة من الرخام .. الخ (محيط المحيط).
كلّي وجمعها كليات: كلّية (اصطلاح في علم المنطق أي ما هو شائع بين كل الكائنات التي هي من جنس واحد) (بوشر).
الكلّيات: المبادئ العامة (مقدمة ابن خلدون 1، 65، 1).
كلال: نكهة الأرض، نضوب التربة (ابن العوام 22:1، 2).
كليل: عامية إكليل وفي (محيط المحيط: وأكثر العامة يحذفون الهمزة فيقولون كليل).
كلولة: النوم قبل صلوات العشاء وهو أمر مستهجن في الشرق كله (بيرثون 287:1).
كليلة: نوع من الجبن الذي يصنع من الحليب الذي استخرجت منه الزبدة. يزعم العرب إن هذا الغذاء يثقل الرأس ويقولون في الرجل البطيء الفهم: أكل كليلة (شيرب)؛ وفي (كاربت، جغرافيا 267): إنه من الجبن الذي يأتي من بلاد تدعى كليلة.
إكليل: حفلة التكليل عند النصارى لعقد الزيجة (محيط المحيط، انظر كلل وبوشر).
إكليل: نكليل الرأس للقبول في صف الاكليروس (المنهل) (وفي محيط المحيط .. للزيجة ولحلقة شعر مستديرة ترخى في رؤوس قسوسهم رمزاً على إكليل الشوك الذي أُلبسه المسيح).
إكليل أنوار: هالة، إكليل شعاعي للقديسين (بوشر).
إكليل الجبل أو الإكليل الجبلي: ندى البحر (بوشر، ابن البيطار)؛ ويدعى في إسبانيا، أيضاً، إكليل الشعراء وباللاتينية Zimbri وإكليل النفساء (ابن البيطار) وإكليل وحدها (وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي نور الإكليل: romarino quod alii zimbri vocamt) .
( الكالا): remero mata conocda وتكتب عنده بالتاء المربوطة وباللغة البرتغالية: alecrim.
إكليل الملك: حندوق (الكالا) وباللاتينية ( corona de rey yerva) ( باجني: إكليل الملك: حشيشه الحجل- من النباتات الزنبقية-) (برجون).
إكليل الملك: ندى البحر (فوك، براكس، جريدة الشرق، الجزائر والمستعمرات 284:8). العظم الإكليلي: العظم الجبهي (من مصطلحات علم التشريح). (بوشر).
إكليلية: يقول ابن جلجل إنها الخيري البنفسجي ويفوح بالليل أكثر من النهار وإن العامة في الأندلس يسمونه ملول.
مكلّل: متوج بالجواهر (انظر فريتاج) مكلل بالدر، بالجواهر، باللولو، بالياقوت .. الخ (كليلة ودمنة 9: 255، 7: 256 عبد الواحد 8، 4 ألف ليلة 45:1) ومكلل وحدها، ومكلل بالجواهر حيث وردت في حياة تيمور (المقري 102:1) مكلل: كثيف، متلبد (بوشر).

بده

1 بَدَهَهُ, (JK, S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَدْءٌ, (JK, S, Msb,) He, or it, came upon him, or happened to him, suddenly, unexpectedly, or without his being aware of it; surprised him, or took him unawares; (JK, S Msb, K;) as also ↓ بادههُ, inf. n. مُبَادَهَةٌ: (JK, Msb:) the former verb has this signification said of an affair, or event. (S, K.) And بَدَهَهُ بِأَمْرٍ, (S, K,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (JK, TA,) signifies اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ بِهِ, (JK, T, S, K,) i. e. He met him, or encountered him, with a thing, or an affair, or an action, (TK,) suddenly, unexpectedly, or without his being aware of it: (T, TA:) or he began with him by it, or with it; syn. بَدَأَهُ بِهِ; (K;) the ه being a substitute for the ا (TA:) and بِهِ ↓ بادههُ, (S,* K,) inf. n. مُبَادَهَةٌ and بِدَاهٌ, (K,) he came upon him suddenly, unexpectedly, or without his being aware of it; surprised him, or took him unawares; (S, K;) with it. (K.) b2: See also 2.2 بدّه, inf. n. تَبْدِيهٌ, He answered, or replied, quickly: (IAar, TA:) and ↓ بَدَهَ he answered, or replied, or he spoke, extempore; without premeditation. (Har p. 64.) 3 بَاْدَهَ see 1, in two places.6 هُمَ يَتَبَادَهَانِ بِا لشِّعْرِ (S, TA) They two dispute, or contend together [extemporaneously, or extemporizing, with verses or poetry]. (TA.) b2: See also 8.8 ابتده الخُطْبَةَ (K, TA) He extemporized the discourse, or sermon, or oration; spoke it, or composed it, extemporaneously, impromptu, without premeditation. (TA.) And ↓ هُمْ يَتَبَادَهُونَ الخُطَبَ (K, TA) They extemporize discourses, &c.: here the measure تَفَاعُلٌ has not its proper quality [of denoting participation in the manner of contention, though it has in a phrase mentioned before]. (TA.) بَدْهٌ and بُدْهٌ: see بُدَاهَةٌ.

عَلَى بَدِيةٍ, and بَدِيهًا: see بَدِيهَةٌ بَدَاهَةٌ: see بُدَاهَةٌ, in two places.

بُدَاهَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ بَدَاهَةٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ بَدِيهَةٌ (JK, S, K) and ↓ بَدْهٌ and ↓ بُدْهٌ (K) substs. from بَدَهَهُ بِأَمْرٍ, (JK, S,) meaning The first of anything; and an occurrence thereof by which one is taken unawares: (K:) or the first occurrence of a thing, that happens to one unexpectedly. (M, in explanation of the first word, in art. بدأ.) b2: Also the first (S, TA) and ↓ second (JK) and ↓ third (TA) The first part of the running of a horse; (JK, S, TA;) opposed to عُلَالَةٌ, signifying [the “remaining part of the running,” or “an afterrunning,” or] “a running after a running.” (TA.) You say, وَعُلَالَةٍ ↓ هُوَ ذُو بَدِيهَةٍ, and بُدَاهَةٍ, [He has a first running and an after-running, differing, the one from the other]. (Az, TA.) And لَحِقَهُ فِى بُدَاهَةِ جَرْيِهِ [He overtook him in the first part of his running]. (Z, TA.) ISd thinks that in all these cases the ه is a substitute for ء. (TA.) [Hence,] ↓ غَمْرُ البَدِيْهَةِ [properly Fleet in the first part of his running; meaning] (tropical:) a man who takes by surprise with large bounty. (TA, in art. غمر.) b3: See also the next paragraph. in three places.

بَدِيهَةٌ: see بُدَاهَةٌ, in four places. You say, لَكَ البَدِيهَةُ, (K,) in which ISd thinks the ه to be a substitute for ء, (TA,) It is for thee to begin; (K;) and so ↓ لك البُدَاهَةُ, with ه substituted for ء. (M, Mbr, TA art. بدأ.) And أَجَابَ عَلَى البَديهَةِ (K) He answered, or replied, on the first of his being taken unawares. (TA.) [↓ عَلَى بَدِيهٍ is mentioned by Freytag, but on what authority he does not say, as meaning Unpreparedly, suddenly, or unexpectedly; and so ↓ بَدِيهًا by Golius, as on the authority of J, but I do not find it in the S in the present article.] And رَآهُ بَدِيهَةً, signifies He saw him suddenly, or unexpectedly. (TA.) And بَدِيهَةُ الرَّأْىِ, Suddenly formed, unpremeditated, judgment or opinion. (Msb.) b2: بَدِيهَةٌ and ↓ بُدَاهَةٌ both signify The coming, of speech, without premeditation: and the coming suddenly, unexpectedly, or unawares. (KL.) b3: And ↓ the latter, [and more commonly the former,] An intuitive knowledge, notion, or idea; such as that one is the half of two; being, with respect to knowledge, like بَدِيعٌ with respect to intellect: (Kull:) [or] the former signifies the faculty of judging rightly at the first of an unexpected occurrence: [intuition, or intuitive perception:] accord. to ' Alee-Ibn-Dháfir El-Haddád, it signifies primarily اِرْتِجَالٌ فِى الكَلَامِ [i. e. the faculty of extemporizing: or speaking, or composing, extemporaneously, impromptu, without premeditation]: and predominantly, the poetizing, or versifying, impromptu, without premeditation or consideration: except that ارتجال is quicker than بديهة. (TA.) You say, هُوَ ذُو بَدِيهَةٍ (K) He has a faculty of judging rightly at the first of an unexpected occurrence. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ ذُو بَدِيهَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ Such a one has a good faculty of extemporizing; or of uttering, or relating, things by means of the promptness of his intelligence. (TA, in art. بدأ: see بَدِيْةٌ. CCC ) And هٰذَا مَعْلُومٌ فِى بَدَائِهِ العُقُولِ [This is known among the intuitive notions of intellects; i. e., intuitively]. (K, * TA.) بَدَائِهُ seems to be pl. of بَدِيهَةٌ, as in the phrase, (TA,) لَهُ بَدَائِهُ, i. e. بَدَائِعُ [He has new, or admirable, things that he utters], (K, TA,) in speech, or language, and poetry, and in answering, or replying: but here it is not improbable that the ه may be a substitute for the ع. (TA.) بَدِيهِىٌّ [Intuitive knowledge;] such that its origination does not rest upon speculation, and acquisition by study, whether it do, or do not, require some other thing, as conjecture or experience &c.; (KT, Kull;) so that it is [sometimes] syn. with ضَرُورِىٌّ [and opposed to نَظَرِىٌّ]: and sometimes it means such as does not require anything whatever after the intellect has directed itself; so that it is more particular than ضَرُورِىٌّ: (KT:) as the conception of heat and cold, and the assent of the mind to the position that negation and affirmation cannot be co-existent, nor be simultaneously non-existent, in the same instance. (KT, Kull.) b2: [And hence,] A mere simpleton or fool: but this is post-classical. (TA.) رَجُلٌ مِبْدَهٌ (S) A man possessing in a large degree the faculty of extemporizing, or of judging rightly at the first of an unexpected occurrence; firm, or steady, in speech or discourse, or whose tongue makes no slip in contentions, when he is taken unawares. (Har p. 64.)

عطر

1 عَطِرَتْ, (S, A, O, Msb,) aor. ـَ inf. n. عَطَرٌ, (S, O, Msb,) said of a woman, (S, A, Msb,) She perfumed herself; (TA;) and ↓ تعطّرت, (A, O, Msb,) inf. n. تَعَطُّرٌ; (S;) and ↓ استعطرت; (A;) [signify the same: also عَطِرَ he (a man) was sweet in the odour of his body; and عَطِرَتْ, said of a woman, signifies the same: see the part. n. عَطِرٌ:] and ↓ استعطرت signifies she (a woman) made use of perfume. (TA.) [See also 5.]2 عطّر He perfumed a woman [&c.; and so, app., ↓ اعطر]. (Msb.) b2: بَطْنِى عَطِّرِى, (K,) but in other lexicons than the K we find ↓ أَعْطِرِى, (TA,) [occurring in a prov.,] see in art. سَأر [voce سَائِرٌ]. (K.) 4 أَعْطَرَ see 2, in two places.5 تَعَطَّرَ see 1. b2: It is said in a trad., of Mohammad, كَانَ يَكْرَهُ تَعَطُّرَ النِّسَآءِ وَتَشَبُّهَهُنَّ بِالرِّجَالِ, (O, K, TA,) meaning He used to dislike women's perfuming themselves with perfume of which the odour was perceived like that of men [and their affecting to be like men]: (TA:) or their being without ornaments (O, K, TA) and dye on the hands &c. [and their affecting to be like men]; (TA;) the ر in this case being substituted for ل: (O, K, * TA:) or تعطَّر, here, is from what follows: (TA:) b3: تعطّرت She (a woman, O, TA) remained in the house, or tent, of, (O, K,) or with, (L,) her father and mother, and did not marry. (O, L, K, TA.) 10 إِسْتَعْطَرَ see 1, in two places.

عِطْرٌ Perfume; an odoriferous, or a fragrant, substance; syn. طِيبٌ: (S, A, O, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْطَارٌ (A) and [of mult.] عُطُورٌ. (A, O, K.) [And ↓ عِطَارَةٌ, as used in the present day, and in medical books, signifies Perfumes and drugs: see an ex. voce صِيْدَلَةٌ.] b2: [عِطْرُ الأَمَةِ A certain berb: see ذَفِرٌ.]

عَطِرٌ, applied to a man, (K, TA,) and عَطِرَةٌ, applied to a woman, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) Having perfume upon, or using perfume for, or perfuming, [himself, and] herself; (S, O;) and ↓ مُتَعَطِّرَةٌ, applied to a woman, (S, K,) signifies the same. (S) [See also عَاطِرٌ, and مُعَطَّرَةٌ, and مِعْطِيرٌ.] b2: Also عَطِرٌ, Sweet in the odour of his body; and in like manner عَطِرَةٌ applied to a woman. (TA.) اِمْرَأَةٌ عَطِرَةٌ مَطِرَةٌ means A woman who perfumes and cleanses and washes herself much: (O:) [or is sweet in the odour of her body, and often uses the tooth-stick; for] مَطِرَةٌ signifies here كَثِيرَةُ السِّوَاكِ. (TA.) b3: عَطِرَةٌ A she-camel easy of sale in the market; (O, K;) that sells herself by her goodliness; (TA;) as also ↓ عَطَّارَةٌ (O, K) and ↓ مِعْطَارَةٌ: (TA:) or a she-camel of generous race, or excel-lent; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ مِعْطَارٌ (S, O, TA) and ↓ مِعْطَارَةٌ and ↓ مُعْطِرَةٌ [or مُعْطَرَةٌ?]; (K, TA;) or ↓ مِعْطَرَةٌ: (O:) and عَطِرَاتٌ and ↓ مَعَاطِرُ she-camels goodly, and of generous race, or excel-lent. (A.) عِطْرِيَّةٌ [Fragrance]. (TA in art. زرد.) عِطَارَةٌ The trade of a seller of perfumes. (K.) b2: See also عِطْرٌ.

عَطَّارٌ A seller of perfumes; (O, K;) and ↓ مِعْطِيرٌ signifies the same in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, describing the [wild] he-ass and the she-asses, يَتْبَعْنَ جَأْبًا كَمُدُقِّ المِعْطِيرْ [They (the she-asses) follow a bulky male like the stone with which the seller of perfumes pounds, or pulverizes, his perfume]. (S, O.) عَطَّارَةٌ: see عَطِرٌ.

عَاطِرٌ One who loves perfume: (IAar, O, K:) or i. q. عَطِرٌ [q. v.]: (TA:) pl. عُطُرٌ. (O, K.) أَعْطَرُ العَرَبِ The most sweet, in perfume, of the Arabs. (TA, from a trad.) مُعْطِرٌ [or مُعْطَرٌ is the correct form, pass. part. n. of أَعْطَرَ, and agreeable with the pl. in two copies of the S,] (K, TA) A beautiful she-camel, as though there were a dye upon her fur by reason of her beauty: (TA; and so the pl. is explained in the S:) or strong and beautiful; as also ↓ مِعْطَارٌ: (K, TA:) pl. of the former مُعْطِرَاتٌ, (TA,) or مُعْطَرَاتٌ, (S, O,) meaning fat: or red, as though dyed. (O.) b2: مُعْطِرَةٌ [or مُعْطَرَةٌ] A red she-goat. (El-Báhilee, as cited in the TA.) b3: See also عَطِرٌ.

مِعْطَرَةٌ: see عَطِرٌ, last sentence.

مُعَطَّرَةٌ, applied to a woman [Perfumed: see 2]. (K.) مِعْطَارٌ and مِعْطَارَةٌ: see مِعْطِيرٌ; each in two places. b2: and see مُعْطِرٌ; and عَطِرٌ, in three places.

مِعْطِيرٌ, applied to a woman, (Msb,) or to a man and a woman, (S, K,) and ↓ مِعْطَارٌ, applied to a woman, (S, Msb,) or to a man and a woman, (K,) and ↓ مِعْطَارَةٌ, (K,) One who perfumes himself, and herself, much; (S, Msb;) and who frequently does so: and ↓ مِعْطَارٌ and ↓ مِعْطَارَةٌ a woman who is accustomed to do so: pl. مَعَاطِيرُ. (TA.) Lh says that an epithet of the measure مِفْعَالٌ is mase. and fem. without ة, except in some extraordinary instances, in which the fem. is with ة. (TA.) b2: Also مِعْطِيرٌ, A she-camel red, and whose sweat has a sweet odour. (L, and so in the CK.) In [some of] the copies of the K, طَيِّبَةُ العَرْفِ is put by mistake for طيّبة العَرَق. (TA.) A2: See also عَطَّارٌ.

مَعَاطِرُ: see عَطِرٌ, last sentence.

مُتَعَطِّرَةٌ: see عَطِرٌ, first sentence.

رق

1 رَقَّ, aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, (JK, S, Mgh, K, * TA,) It (a thing, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, TA) had the quality termed دِقَّةٌ; (K, TA; [in the CK, الرَّقَّةُ is erroneously put for الدِّقَّةُ;]) [i. e.] it was, or became, the contr. of غَلِيظٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) and of ثَخِينٌ: (S, TA:) [or rather, properly, it is the contr. of ثَخُنَ; i. e. it was, or became, thin as meaning of little thickness in comparison with its breadth and length together; little in extent, or depth, between its two opposite surfaces: thin, fine, delicate, flimsy, unsubstantial, or uncompact, in texture &c.; said of a garment and the like: shallow, or of little depth; said of water, and of sand, &c.: thin as meaning wanting in spissitude; said of mud &c.: attenuated: see رِقَّةٌ, below; and رَقِيقٌ:] and ↓ استرق [in like manner] signifies the contr. of استغلظ [and therefore contr. of غَلُظُ; for these last two verbs are syn.]. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] رَقَّتْ عِظَامُهُ, [inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, or رَقَقٌ, or both, (and if so, the second Pers\. may be رَقَقْتَ and رَقِقْتَ, and the aor. ـِ and يَرَقُّ,) (assumed tropical:) His bones became weak; or became thin, and consequently (assumed tropical:) weak; meaning] (assumed tropical:) he became aged: (JK:) or it is said of one who has become aged. (TA. [See رِقَّةٌ and رَقَقٌ below; and see also رَقِيقٌ.]) b3: And رَقَّ, [inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, weak: and abject, mean, paltry, or contemptible: see رَقِيقٌ: and see also 4:] his patience, or endurance, became weak, or weakened: (TA:) he was, or became, weak-hearted, and fearful; as also رَقَّ قَلْبُهُ: (Mgh:) and affected with shame, shyness, or bashfulness. (K, TA.) b4: And رَقَّ لَهُ, (Mgh, K, *) first Pers\. رَقَقْتُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, [tender-hearted, (see رَقِيقٌ and أَرَقُّ,)] merciful, compassionate, or pitiful, to him; (Mgh, K;) as also رَقَّ لَهُ قَلْبُهُ: (TA:) and لَهُ ↓ ترقّق signifies the same as رَقّ لَهُ قَلْبُهُ. (S, K.) b5: [And رَقَّ كَلَامُهُ (assumed tropical:) His speech was, or became, soft or tender, or easy and sweet, or elegant, graceful, or ornate: see رَقِيقٌ, and see also 2. b6: And رَقّ صَوْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) His voice was, or became, slender, or soft, or gentle. b7: And رَقَّتْ حَالُهُ (assumed tropical:) His state, or condition, was, or became, narrow in its circumstances, or evil: see رِقَّةٌ, below, and 4; and see also 4 in art. خف. b8: And رَقَّ عَيْشُهُ (assumed tropical:) His living, or sustenance, was, or became, scanty.] b9: And رَقَّ عَدَدُهُ (tropical:) His years that he numbered were for the most part passed, so that the remainder was little (رَقِيق) in his estimation. (IAar, TA.) A2: رَقَّ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. رِقٌّ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) He was, or became, a slave; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K; *) or he remained a slave. (Mgh.) A3: رَقَّهُ and ↓ ارقّهُ He made him a slave: (Msb:) or ↓ the latter signifies he kept him as a slave; (Mgh;) contr. of أَعْتَقَةُ; (S, Mgh;) as also ↓ استرقّهُ: (S:) or ↓ the second and ↓ third, he possessed him as a slave; (K;) and so رَقَّهُ; accord. to ISk and Az and others: (TA:) or ↓ استرقّهُ signifies he made him, or took him as, a slave; (Mgh;) or he brought him into a state of slavery. (TA.) 2 رقّقهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَرْقِيقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارقّهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِرْقَاقٌ; (TA;) contr. of غَلَّظَهُ; (K;) or He made it, or rendered it, رَقِيق [i. e. thin, as meaning of little thickness in comparison with its breadth and length together; &c.: see 1, first sentence; and رَقِيقٌ, below]. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] تَرْقِيقُ الكَلَامِ (assumed tropical:) The making speech to be [soft or tender, or easy and sweet, or] elegant, graceful, or ornate; the beautifying, or embellishing, and adorning, of speech. (S, TA.) and hence, (TA,) it is said in a prov., (S,) أَعَنْ صَبُوحٍ

تُرَقِّقُ (S, K, TA) (tropical:) Dost thou allude (K, TA) gracefully, courteously, politely, or delicately, (TA,) to a morning-draught? (K, TA:) [the origin of which prov. was this:] a certain man named Jábán alighted by night at the abode of a people, and they entertained him, and gave him an evening-draught; and when he had finished it, he said, “When ye shall have given me a morning draught, how shall I enter upon my way and prosecute the object of my want? ” whereupon the saying above was addressed to him: (K, * TA:) it is applied to him who makes an allusion to a thing, like this guest, who desired to oblige the people to give him the morning draught: and was said by Esh-Shaabee to one who spoke of kissing a woman when meaning thereby جِمَاع. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] رقّق صَوْتَهُ (K in art. حزن) or ↓ ارقهُ (S in that art.) (assumed tropical:) [He made his voice slender, or soft, or gentle]. b4: تَرْقِيقٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) [The pronouncing a word with the slender sound of the lengthened fet-h (like the sound of “ a” in our word “father ”), and with the ordinary sound of the letter ل; both as in بِاللّٰهِ and للّٰهِ;] the contr. of تَفْخِيمٌ. (Kull p. 127.) b5: رقّق المَشْىَ, said of a camel, (K, TA,) (tropical:) He went an easy pace: and ↓ ترقّق, alone, signifies the same. (TA.) [See also R. Q. 2.] b6: رقّق بَيْنَ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) He created, or excited, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, or dissension, or he made, or did, mischief, between, or among, the people. (TA.) 4 ارقّ, said of the white grape, (AHn, O, K,) It was, or became, thin in its skin and abundant in its juice: (AHn, TA:) or completely ripe. (O, K.) b2: Said of a man, (tropical:) He was, or became, in a state, or condition, narrow in its circumstances, or evil; i. q. صَارَ رَقِيقَ الحَالِ, (JK,) or سَآءَتْ حَالُهُ. (K, TA.) b3: أَرَقَّتْ بِهِمْ أَخْلَاقُهُمْ (tropical:) Their natural dispositions were, or became, niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious. (TA.) A2: ارقهُ: see 2, in two places. b2: See also 1, last sentence, in three places.5 تَرَقَّّ see 1: b2: and see also 2.

A2: تَرَقَّقَتْهُ She (a girl) captivated his heart so that his patience, or endurance, became weak, or weakened. (TA.) 6 لَا تَدْرِى عَلَى مَا يَتَرَاقُّ هَرِمُكَ (assumed tropical:) Thou knowest not what thing thou wilt choose: (JK:) or to what state, or condition, thy mind will come at the last. (TA.) The origin of the word (يتراقّ) is unknown. (JK.) [See also art. هرم.]10 إِسْتَرْقَ3َ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] استرقّ المَآءُ The water [became shallow: and hence,] (tropical:) sank into, or disappeared in, the earth, except a little. (K, TA.) b3: And استرقّ اللَّيْلُ (assumed tropical:) The night for the most part passed. (TA.) A2: استرقّهُ: see 1, last sentence, in three places. R. Q. 1 رَقْرَقَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. رَقْرَقَةٌ, (TK,) He poured it forth in small quantity; namely, water &c.: (K:) or he made it to come and go; namely, water. (S.) b2: رقرق الثَّرِيدَ بِالسَّمْنِ He poured a little clarified butter upon the broken bread; (K, TA;) i. e. made it savoury therewith: or, as some say, poured much thereof upon it. (TA.) b3: رقرق الثَّوْبَ بِالطِّيبِ He made the perfume to run [to and fro (as is implied in the S)] upon the garment: (TA:) [or he poured and rubbed the perfume upon the garment.] El-Aashà says, وَتَبْرُدُ بَرْدَ رِدَآءِ العَرُوسِ فِى الصَّيْفِ رَقْرَقْتَ فِيهِ العَبِيرَا [And she is cool, with the coolness of the وِشَاح (see رِدَآء) of the bride, in summer, upon which thou hast poured and rubbed perfume mixed with saffron &c.]. (S, TA: in the latter, بِالصَّيْفِ.) b4: رقرق الخَمْرَ He mixed the wine. (TA.) b5: رقرق عَيْنَهُ He made his eye to shed tears. (TA.) b6: It is said in a trad., تَجِىْءُ فِتْنَةٌ فَتُرَقْرِقُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا, meaning [Sedition, or the like, will come, and] one act thereof will cause desire for another by its embellishment thereof, or investing it with charms. (TA.) b7: [See also رَقْرَقَةٌ, below.] R. Q. 2 تَرَقْرَقَ It (water, &c.,) poured forth in small quantity. (TA.) b2: He, or it, ran in an easy manner. (TA.) [See also 2, last sentence but one.] b3: It (water, S, TA) was, or became, in a state of motion, or commotion; (K, TA;) in which sense, [meaning it flickered,] it is [also] said of the سَرَاب [or mirage]; (O, K; [see also another explanation below;]) [it went to and fro;] it came and went. (S, K, TA.) And in like manner, (S,) ترقرق الدَّمْعُ The tears went round about at the inner edge of the eyelid-(S, K.) And ترقرقت الشَّمْسُ The sun appeared as though it were turning round (A'Obeyd, K, TA) and coming and going, by reason of its nearness to the horizon, and of vapours intervening between it and the eyes; which it does not when it is high. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b4: It (a thing) shone, or glistened; (JK, S, K;) as does the سَرَاب [or mirage]. (JK.) b5: ترقرقت عَيْنُهُ His eye shed tears. (TA.) رَقٌّ: see رَقِيقٌ; and رُقٌّ.

A2: Also, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ رِقٌّ, (Msb, K,) but the latter is a rare dial. var. though some read thus in the Kur lii. 3, (Msb,) [Parchment; and vellum; so in the present day; or] skin, (Mgh, Msb,) or thin skin, (S, K,) upon which one writes: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or (so accord. to the Mgh, but in the K “ and ”) a white [i. e. blank] صَحِيفَة [which means a paper and a piece of skin, but generally such as is written upon]: (JK, Mgh, K:) or metaphorically applied to (tropical:) a skin written upon: properly one upon which one writes: (Bd in lii. 3:) accord. to Fr, (assumed tropical:) the صَحَائِف [i. e. papers, or pieces of skin, meaning records,] that will be produced to the sons of Adam on the day of resurrection; which indicates that such as is written is also thus termed: (Az, TA:) in the Kur lii. 3, [accord. to some,] applied to (assumed tropical:) the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: or the Kur-án. (Jel.) A3: Also, (K,) or the former word [only], (JK, S, Msb,) The tortoise: (JK:) or a great tortoise: (S, K:) or the male tortoise: (Msb:) and the crocodile: (JK:) or, (K,) accord. to Ibráheem El-Harbee, (TA,) a certain aquatic reptile, (K, TA,) [app. the turtle, or sea-tortoise,] having four legs, and claws, or nails, and teeth in a head which it exposes and conceals, and which is killed for food: (TA:) pl. رُقُوقٌ. (A'Obeyd, JK, S, Msb, K.) رُقٌّ Shallow, applied to water; or shallow water; (↓ مَآءٌ رَقِيقٌ; IDrd, K, TA;) not copious, or not abundant; (IDrd, TA;) in a sea, or great river, or in a valley; (IDrd, K, TA;) as also ↓ رَقٌّ; (K;) and so ↓ رُقَارِقٌ. (IDrd, K.) b2: See also رَقَاقٌ.

رِقٌّ: see رَقٌّ. [It is indicated in the K that it is syn. with the latter word in all of its (the latter's) senses: but I do not find it to be so in any other lexicon.] b2: A thin thing. (S. [There expl. as signifying شَىْءٌ رَقِيقٌ; but perhaps by this may be meant that it is an epithet syn. with رَقِيقٌ, as it is said to be in the K.]) See رَقِيقٌ. b3: The leaves of trees: or the branches that are easy for the cattle [to eat]. (K.) b4: And A certain thorny plant. (K.) b5: See also رَقَاقٌ.

A2: Also The state, or condition, of a slave; slavery; servitude; (JK, S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ رِقِّيَّةٌ. (KL.) رَقَّةٌ Any land by the side of a valley, over which the water spreads in the days of the increase, and into which it then sinks, or disappears, (S, K,) and which therefore produces good herbage: (S:) pl. رِقَاقٌ. (K.) b2: See also رَقَاقٌ.

رِقَّةٌ [an inf. n. of رَقَّ in several senses, as shown above, in the first paragraph of this art.]: it is explained in the K as syn. with دِقَّةٌ: [see 1, first sentence:] but El-Munáwee says, in the “ Tow-keef,” that the former is like the latter [as meaning Thinness], but that the latter is said with regard to the lateral parts of a thing, and the former with regard to the depth of a thing [or the extent between the two opposite surfaces thereof]: thus, in a material substance, such, for instance, as a garment, or piece of cloth, [&c.,] it is [thinness as meaning little thickness in comparison with the breadth and length together; littleness in extent, or depth, between the two opposite surfaces: fineness, delicateness, flimsiness, unsubstantialness, or uncompactness, in texture &c.:] the contr. of [ثَخَانَةٌ and] صَفَاقَةٌ: (TA:) [in water, and sand, &c., shallowness, or littleness of depth: (see رُقٌّ:) in mud, and anything imperfectly liquid, thinness as meaning want of spissitude: an attenuated state or condition of anything.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Weakness; (Mgh;) as in the phrase رِقَّةُ جَانِبٍ [weakness of resistance; similar to لِينُ جَانِبٍ; contr. of غِلَظُ جَانِبٍ]; (Ham p. 631;) [and in the phrase رِقَّةُ دِينٍ weakness of religion: (see رَقِيقٌ:) also abjectness, meanness, paltriness, or contemptibleness: and weak-heartedness, and fearfulness: (see 1:)] and shame, shyness, or bashfulness. (K.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) [Tender-heartedness, (see رَقِيقٌ and أَرَقُّ,)] mercy, compassion, or pity; (K;) and so رِقَّةُ قَلْبٍ: (TA in art. حن:) in the soul, it is the contr. of جَفْوَةٌ and قَسْوَةٌ. (ElMunáwee, TA.) b4: [And (assumed tropical:) Softness or tenderness, or easiness and sweetness, or elegance, gracefulness, or ornateness, of speech: see رَقِيقٌ, and see also 2. b5: And (assumed tropical:) Slenderness, softness, or gentleness, of voice.] b6: And (assumed tropical:) Evilness [or narrowness of the circumstances] of state or condition: so in the saying, عَجِبْتُ مِنْ قِلَّةِ مَالِهِ وَرِقَّةِ حَالِهِ (assumed tropical:) [I wondered at the paucity of his property, and the evilness, or the narrowness of the circumstances, of his state or condition]. (TA.) b7: [And (assumed tropical:) Scantiness of living or sustenance &c.] b8: And رِقَّةُ بَطْنٍ (assumed tropical:) [A looseness, or diarrhœa]. (TA in art. خلف.) رَقَقٌ, an inf. n., (KL, [see 1,]) [Thinness, and consequently] (tropical:) weakness (JK, S, K, KL, TA) of the bones, (JK,) or in the bones, (TA,) or of the bone, (KL,) or as in the bone, (S,) and in a camel's foot: (TA:) [and] lightness in a horse's hoof. (AO, TA.) b2: (tropical:) Paucity: thus in the saying, فِى مَالِهِ رَقَقٌ (tropical:) [In his property is paucity]: (JK, S, K, TA:) mentioned by Fr, (S,) or by A'Obeyd thus, but the saying mentioned by Fr is مَا فِى مَالِهِ رَقّقٌ (tropical:) There is not in his property paucity. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Scantiness (رِقَّة) of food. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

رَقَاقٌ A [desert tract such as is called] صَحْرَآء: (K:) or a wide, or spacious, صحرآء, of soft soil, beneath which is hardness: (TA:) or a level, (S, K, TA,) expanded, (TA,) tract of land, of soft soil, beneath which is hardness: (S, K, TA:) or a tract from which the water has sunk into the ground; as also ↓ رُقَاقٌ and ↓ رَقَّةٌ [q. v.]: or a soft and wide tract of land; (K, TA;) accord. to As, without sand; (TA;) as also ↓ رِقٌّ and ↓ رُقٌّ and ↓ رَقَقٌ; (K;) the last of which is a contraction of رَقَاقٌ, used by Ru-beh, (S, TA,) by poetic license. (TA.) A2: يَوْمٌ رَقَاقٌ A hot day. (Fr, K.) [See also رَقْرَاقٌ.]

رُقَاقٌ: see رَقِيقٌ. b2: Also, (JK, S, K,) as a subst., (Th, S,) or خُبْزٌ رُقَاقٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) Thin bread, (↓ خُبْزٌ رَقِيقٌ, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) such as is [flat, or flattened, or] expanded: (TA:) n. un. رُقَاقَةٌ, (Mgh, * Msb, K,) meaning a single thin, round cake of bread: (Mgh:) one should not say رِقَاقَةٌ, with kesr: (K:) the pl. of رُقَاقٌ accord. to the K is رِقَاقٌ; but this is pl. of رَقِيقٌ, like as كِرَامٌ is pl. of كَرِيمٌ. (TA.) [See also مُرَقَّقٌ.] b3: مَشَى مَشْيًا رُقَاقًا, said of a camel, means رَقَّقَ المَشْىَ, (K, TA,) i. e. (tropical:) He went an easy pace. (TA.) b4: See also رَقَاقٌ.

رَقِيقٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) fem. with ة, (TA,) Having the quality termed دِقَّةٌ; (K, TA; [see 1, first sentence, respecting a mistranscription in the CK;]) as also ↓ رُقَاقٌ, (K,) of which the fem. is likewise with ة; (TA;) and ↓ رُقَّاقٌ, (K,) like رُمَّانٌ; (TA;) [i. e.] contr. of غَلِيظٌ; (S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ رَقٌّ (K, TA) and ↓ رِقٌّ: (K:) and contr. of ثَخِينٌ: (S, TA:) [or rather this last is the proper explanation of رَقِيقٌ, as well as of all the other epithets above mentioned; (see رِقَّةٌ;) i. e. thin as meaning having little thickness in comparison with its breadth and length together; having little extent, or depth, between its two opposite surfaces:] applied to bread that is [flat, flattened, or] expanded; such as is termed رُقَاقٌ, q. v.: (TA:) and to a garment, or piece of cloth, (Mgh, El-Munáwee, TA,) and the like, as meaning thin, fine, delicate, flimsy, unsubstantial, or uncompact, in texture &c.; contr. of صَفِيقٌ; (El-Munáwee, TA;) as also ↓ رُقَارِقٌ: (TA:) and to water [as meaning shallow, or of little depth; and in like manner to sand]: see رُقٌّ: (IDrd, K, TA:) [thin as meaning wanting in spissitude; applied to mud &c.: attenuated:] pl. رِقَاقٌ (TA) and أَرِقَّةٌ. (JK.) [Hence,] الرَّقِيقَانِ The part between the خَاصِرَة [or flank] and the رُفْغ [or groin, on either side]: (AA, K:) and the pl. الأَرقَّةُ the thin parts at the flanks of she-camels. (JK.) Also, the dual, الرقيقان, The حِضْنَانِ [or part between the armpit and the flank, on either side]. (K, TA. [In the CK الخُصْيانِ, q. v.]) And [The two veins called] the أَخْدَعَانِ [q. v.]. (K.) And, of the nose, The two sides: (K:) so says As: or the رَقِيق of the nose is the thin and soft part of the side. (TA.) b2: [Also Thin, or attenuated, and consequently (assumed tropical:) weak, in the bones: see رَقَقٌ.] You say نَاقَةٌ رَقِيقَةٌ meaning (assumed tropical:) A she-camel whose marrow-bones have become weak and thin (ضَعُفَتْ وَرَقَّتْ), and whose medullary canal is wide: pl. رِقَاقٌ and رَقَائِقُ. (IAar, TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Weak: and abject, mean, paltry, or contemptible: applied to a man [&c.]. (TA.) And goats are called مَالٌ رَقِيقٌ [Weak cattle] because they have not the endurance of sheep. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Weak-hearted. (Mgh.) And رَقِيقُ القَلْبِ (assumed tropical:) Soft, or tender, of heart; contr. of قَاسِى القَلْبِ. (El-Munáwee, TA.) b5: [(assumed tropical:) Soft or tender, or easy and sweet, or elegant, graceful, or ornate, speech or language.] رَقِيقُ اللَّفْظِ means [(assumed tropical:) Soft or tender, &c., of expression; applied to a man: and also soft or tender or] easy and sweet expression. (Har p. 8.) b6: [(assumed tropical:) Slender, or soft, or gentle, applied to the voice.] b7: رَجُلٌ رَقِيقُ الحَوَاشِى (assumed tropical:) A man gentle, gracious, or courteous, to his associates. (TA in art. حشى.) And عَيْشٌ رَقِيقُ الحَوَاشِى (tropical:) A soft or delicate, pleasant, or plentiful and easy, life. (TA.) b8: [عَيْشٌ رَقِيقٌ may sometimes mean the same: but it commonly means (assumed tropical:) Scanty living or sustenance.] b9: And فُلَانٌ رَقِيقُ الدِّينِ وَالحَالِ (tropical:) [Such a one is weak in respect of religion, and narrow in the circumstances of, or evil in, his state or condition: see رِقَّةٌ]. (TA.) A2: Also A slave, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) male and female; (Msb;) [but] the latter is [also] called رَقِيقَةٌ: (Lh, JK, TA:) and slaves; for it is used as sing. and pl.; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) like رَفِيقٌ and خَلِيطٌ: (TA:) accord. to Abu-l-'Abbás, so called because they are abject and submissive to their owner: (TA:) the pl. of رَقِيقٌ is أَرِقَّآءُ, (Msb, TA,) erroneously said in the K to be رِقَاقٌ; (TA;) and that of رَقِيقَةٌ is رَقَائِقُ. (Lh, TA.) Using it as pl., you say, هٰؤُلَآءِ رَقِيقِى [These are my slaves]. (Mgh.) And لَيْسَ فِى الرَّقِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ, i. e. [There is no poorrate] in the case of slaves used for service [as distinguished from those that are for sale]. (Msb.) [See also مُرَقٌّ.]

رُقَّى [fem. of أَرَقُّ, q. v.].

رُقَّاقٌ: see رَقِيقٌ, first sentence.

رِقِّيَّةٌ: see رِقٌّ last sentence.

رَقْرَقَةٌ inf. n. of R. Q. 1. (TK.) b2: Quickness in going and coming. (JK. [If an inf. n. in this sense, its verb is perhaps رُقْرِقَ.]) رَقْرَاقٌ: see رُقَارِقٌ. b2: Also, applied to a collection of clouds (سَحَابٌ), Going and coming. (TA.) See also the next paragraph. b3: Applied to tears (دَمْعٌ), Going round about at the inner edge of the eyelid. (TA.) b4: Anything shining, or glistening. (S, TA.) [Hence,] رَقْرَاقَةٌ A woman (As, TA) as though water were running upon her face: (As, K, TA:) or رَقْرَاقَةُ البَشَرَةِ a girl whose external skin shines, or glistens, (Ham p. 622, and TA,) with whiteness: (TA:) pl. رَقَارِقُ, applied to soft, or tender, young women. (Ham ubi suprà.) [Hence also,] الرَّقْرَاقُ is The name of a sword of Saad Ibn-'Obádeh El-Ansáree. (K.) b5: Applied to a day, i. q. صَارٌّ [app. a mistranscription for حَارٌّ, i. e. Hot; like رَقَاقٌ; as though shining, or glistening, with the sunlight]. (Fr, TA.) A2: The تَرَقْرُق [or commotion, or moving to and fro, or coming and going, whether real or apparent,] of the سَرَاب [or mirage], and of anything that shines, or glistens. (JK.) رُقْرُقَانُ السَّرَابِ What is in a state of commotion, of the سراب [or mirage]: (IDrd, O, K:) and السَّرَابِ ↓ رَقْرَاقُ means [the same, or] what [moves to and fro, or undulates, or] comes and goes, of the سراب. (S.) And سَرَابٌ رُقْرُقَانٌ [Mirage] that shines, or glistens. (TA.) رُقَارِقٌ: see رَقِيقٌ, first sentence: and رُقٌّ. Also, applied to the سَرَاب [or mirage], (so in the CK,) or شَرَاب [i. e. wine or beverage], (so in copies of the K and in the O and TA,) [the former of which readings I think the more probably that which is correct, supposing the mirage to be likened to shallow water, which is thus termed, but Freytag prefers the latter reading,] i. q. رَقِقُ [app. as meaning Shallow, or perhaps thin]; (IDrd, O, K;) and so ↓ رَقْرَاقٌ. (IDrd, O.) b2: and A sword having much مَآء [q. v.; i. e. much diversified with wavy marks, streaks, or grain; or having much lustre]: (IDrd, K, TA:) or shining, or glistening, much. (TA.) أَرَقُّ [compar. and superl. of رَقِيقٌ; i. e. More, and most, thin, &c.]. رُقَّى, [its fem.,] applied to a piece of fat (شَحْمَةٌ), means مِنْ أَرَقِّ الشَّحْمِ; [i. e. Of the finest, or most delicate, sort of fat; (in the CK, erroneously, مِنْ أَرَقَّ الشَّحْمُ;)] (JK, K, TA;) such that no one comes upon it without his eating it. (JK, TA.) Hence the prov., وَجَدْتَنِى الشَّحْمَةَ الرُّقَّى عَلَيْهَا المَأْتَى [Thou hast found me to be the finest, or most delicate, piece of fat, to which there is a way of access]: said by a man to his companion when he esteems him weak. (JK, Sgh, K.) [See also شَحْمُهُ الرُّكَّى, or شَحْمَةُ الرُّكَّى, in art. رك.] b2: هُمْ أَرَقُّ قُلُوبًا (assumed tropical:) They are more, or most, tender-hearted; and more, or most, inclined to accept admonition. (TA.) مَرَقٌّ sing. of مَرَاقُّ, (Hr, K,) which signifies The thin, or delicate, and soft, or tender, parts of the belly: (S, K:) or the lower part thereof with what surrounds it, that is thin or delicate [in the skin]: (TA as from the S [but not in my copies of the latter]:) or the lower part of the belly, in the region of the صِفَاق [q. v.], beneath the navel: (T, TA:) and metonymically applied in a trad. respecting ablution to the lower part of the belly of a man, together with the رُفْغَانِ [or groins] and the genitals and the [other] places of which the skin is thin or delicate: and, of a camel, the أَرْفَاغ [or groins, and similar places of flexure or creasing]: (TA:) or (K) مَرَاقُّ [thus applied] has no sing. (S, K.) Also The soft part of the nose, (JK, TA,) in the side thereof; [i. e. each of the alæ thereof;] as also ↓ مُسْتَرَقٌّ: (TA:) pl. as above. (JK.) مُرَقٌّ and ↓ مَرْقُوقٌ, mentioned by ISk, (Msb, TA,) and by Az, and in the 'Ináyeh, therefore the disallowing of the latter by some is not to be regarded, (TA,) or the latter is for مَرْقُوقٌ لَهُ meaning “ compassionated,” (Mgh,) Made a slave: (Msb:) or possessed as a slave: (TA:) [or kept as a slave: (see 1, last sentence:)] fem. of the former with ة, (Msb, TA,) and so of the latter. (Msb.) [See also رَقِيقٌ, last signification.]

مُرِقٌّ A horse thin in the hoof: (K:) or light therein. (AO, TA.) مُرَقَّقٌ A cake of bread [made thin and] wide, or broad. (TA.) [See also رُقَاقٌ.]

مِرْقَاقٌ A baker's rolling-pin; (MA;) the thing with which bread is made thin [and flat]; (K;) i. q. مِحْوَرٌ [q. v.] and صَوْبَجٌ. (TA, in art. لط.) مَرْقُوقٌ: see مُرَقٌّ.

مَالٌ مُتَرَقْرقٌ لِلسِّمَنِ, or لِلْهُزَالِ, (K, TA,) and لِأَنْ يَرْمِدَ, (TA,) Cattle disposed, (K, TA,) and seen to be near, (TA,) to fatness, or to leanness, (K, TA,) and to perishing. (TA.) مُسْتَرَقٌّ: see مَرَقٌّ.

المَهْدِيّةُ:
بالفتح ثم السكون، في موضعين: إحداهما بإفريقية والأخرى اختطها عبد المؤمن بن عليّ قرب سلا، فأما المهديّ ففي اشتقاقه عندي أربعة أوجه:
أحدها أن يكون من المهدي، بفتح ميمه، ويعني أنه هو مهتد في نفسه لا أنه هداه غيره ولو كان ذلك لكان المهدي، بضم الميم، كقولك المرميّ والمكريّ والملقيّ، ولو كان يفعل ذلك بغيره لضمّت الميم، وليس الضم والفتح للتعدية وغير التعدية، فإن الأصمعي يقول: هداه يهديه في الدين هدى وهداه يهديه هداية إذا دلّه على الطريق، وهديت العروس فأنا أهديها هداء، وأهديت الهديّة إهداء وأهديت الهدي، هذان الأخيران بالألف والأول كما تراه ثلاثيّا متعدّيا فلا يفتقر إلى زيادة ألف التعدية فهو بمنزلة اسم الزمان والمكان وإن كان اسم رجل لأنك إذا قلت مضرب أو مشرب إنما المراد موضع
الضرب والشرب ومحلهما، فكذلك هذا المسمّى المراد أنه موضع الهدي ومحلّه، ويجوز أن يكون المهديّ منسوبا إلى اسم مكان الهدي كما أن مضربيّ منسوب إلى اسم مكان الضرب، والقياس هدى يهدي والمكان مهديّ بتصحيح الياء كما أن قاض أصله قاضي بتصحيح الياء مثل مضرب سواء ولكنهم استثقلوا الخروج من الكسر إلى الضم كما استثقلوا في القاضي والغازي فعدلوا إلى الأخفّ فقالوا مهدى كما قالوا مغزى فصار مقصورا لا يحتمل ما تحتمله الياء من التحريك في النصب فلزم طريقة واحدة وأعيدت الياء في القاضي إلى أصلها لما أمن الثقل عليها، فإن قيل فهلّا فرّوا في القاضي والغازي إلى القصر وألزموه طريقة واحدة؟ قلنا إنما فرّوا من الثقل، ولو قالوا قاضا لصار بعد الضاد ألف وقبلها ألف وصار في زنة الفعل من قاضيت ففرّوا إلى الأخفّ، لكنهم لما نسبوا إليهما ردّوهما إلى الأصل الواحد في رأيي فقالوا قاضيّ ومهديّ، فكسروا الدال التي في مهدي وشدّدوا ياء النسبة وإن كان الأشهر الأكثر قاضويّ ومهدويّ ومغزويّ إلا أن ذلك هو الأولى على أصلنا، فهذا هو وجه حسن في تعليل من قال قاضيّ ومغزيّ لا مطعن للمنصف فيه، والوجه الثاني وهو الذي يراه النحويون في هذا أن المهديّ هو اسم المفعول من هدى يهدي فهو مهديّ مثل ضرب يضرب فهو مضروب فعلى هذا أصله مهدوي، بفتح أوله وسكون ثانيه وضم الدال وسكون واوه وتصحيح يائه، بوزن مضروب، فاستثقلوا الخروج من الواو الساكنة إلى الياء فأدغموا الواو في الياء فصارت ياء مشددة فكسرت لها الدال فصار مهديّ مثل مرميّ ومشويّ ومقليّ، والوجه الثالث أن يكون منسوبا إلى المهد تشبيها له بعيسى، عليه السلام، فإنه تكلم في المهد فضيلة اختصّ بها وإنه يأتي في آخر الزمان فيهدي الناس من الضلالة ويردهم إلى الصواب، وهذه المدينة بإفريقية منسوبة إلى المهدي، وبينها وبين القيروان مرحلتان، القيروان في جنوبيها، والثياب السوسية المهدويّة إليها تنسب، وقد اختطها المهدي، واختلف في نسبه فأكثر أهل السير الذين لم يدخلوا في رعيتهم وبعض رعيتهم الذين كانوا يخفون أمرهم يزعمون أنه كان ابن يهوديّ من أهل سلمية الشام وتزوّج القدّاح الذي كان أصل هذه الدعوة بأمه فربّاه إلى أن حضرته الوفاة ولم يكن له ولد فعهد إليه وعلّمه الدعوة وكان اسمه سعيدا فلما صار الأمر إليه سمي عبيد الله، وقال قوم قليلون: إنه ولد القداح نفسه، في قصص طويلة، وقال من صحّح نسبه: إنه أحمد بن إسماعيل الثاني ابن محمد بن إسماعيل الأكبر بن جعفر بن محمد بن علي ابن الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب، قدم إفريقية، فملكها وأقام بالقيروان مدّة ثم خطّ المهدية، وهي على ساحل بحر الروم داخلة فيه ككفّ على زند، عليها سور عال محكم كأعظم ما يكون يمشي عليه فارسان، عليها باب من حديد مصمت مصراع واحد تأنّق المهديّ في عمله، وقال بعض أهل المعرفة بأخبارهم:
في سنة 300 خرج المهدي بنفسه إلى تونس يرتاد لنفسه موضعا يبني فيه مدينة خوفا من خارج يخرج عليه، وأراد موضعا حصينا حتى ظفر بموضع المهدية وهي جزيرة متصلة بالبرّ كهيئة كف متصلة بزند، فتأمّلها فوجد فيها راهبا في مغارة فقال له: بم يعرف هذا الموضع؟ فقال: هذا يسمّى جزيرة الخلفاء، فأعجبه هذا الاسم فبناها وجعلها دار مملكته وحصّنها بالسور المحكم والأبواب الحديد المصمت وجعل في كل مصراع من الأبواب مائة قنطار، ولها بابان بأربعة مصاريع لكل باب منها دهليز يسع خمسمائة فارس،
وكان شروعه في اختطاطها لخمس خلون من ذي القعدة سنة 303، وقال أبو عبيد البكري: كان شروعه فيها سنة 300 وكمّل سورها في سنة خمس وانتقل إليها سنة ثمان في شوال، ولم تزل دار مملكة لهم إلى أن ولي الأمر إسماعيل بن أبي القاسم سنة 44 فسار إلى القيروان محاربا لأبي يزيد واتخذ مدينة صبرة واستوطنها بعد أبيه معدّ وعمل فيها مصانع واحتفر أبآرا وبنى فيها قصورا عالية، قال بطليموس: مدينة برقة وهي المهدية طولها اثنتان وثلاثون درجة، وعرضها ست وثلاثون درجة، داخلة في الإقليم الرابع، طالعها العقرب تحت اثنتي عشرة درجة، منزلها من قلب العقرب الجناح الأيمن ولها ممسك العنان ولها جبهة الليث تحت اثنتي عشرة درجة من السرطان، يقابلها مثلها اثنتا عشرة درجة من الجدي، وقال أبو عبيد البكري: جعل لمدينتها بابا حديد لا خشب فيهما كل باب وزنه ألف قنطار وطوله ثلاثون شبرا كل مسمار من مساميره ستة أرطال وجعل فيها من الصهاريج العظام، وأهل تلك النواحي يسمّونها مواجل، ثلاثمائة وستين موجلا غير ما يجري إليها من القناة التي فيها، والماء الجاري الذي بالمهدية جلبه عبيد الله من قرية ميّانش وهي على مقربة من المهدية في أول أقداس ويصبّ في المهدية في صهريج داخل المدينة عند جامعها ويرفع من الصهريج إلى القصر بالدواليب وكذلك يسقي أيضا من قرية ميّانش من الآبار بالدواليب يصبّ في محبس يجري منه في تلك القناة، قال: ومرسى المهدية منقور في حجر صلد يسع ثلاثين مركبا، على طرفي المرسى برجان بينهما سلسلة حديد فإذا أريد إدخال سفينة أرسل حرّاس البرجين أحد طرفي السلسلة حتى تدخل السفينة ثم يمدّونها كما كانت تحبيسا لها، ولما فرغ من إحكام ذلك قال: اليوم أمنت على الفاطميّات، يعني بناته، وارتحل إليها وأقام بها ثم عمّر فيها الدكاكين ورتب فيها أرباب المهن كلّ طائفة في سوق فنقلوا إليها أموالهم فلما استقام ذلك أمر بعمارة مدينة أخرى إلى جانب المهدية وجعل بين المدينتين قدر طول ميدان وأفردها بسور وأبواب وحفظة وسماها زويلة وأسكن أرباب الدكاكين من البزّازين وغيرهم فيها بحرمهم وأهاليهم وقال: إنما فعلت ذلك لآمن غائلتهم وذاك أن أموالهم عندي وأهاليهم هناك، فإن أرادوني بكيد وهم بزويلة كانت أموالهم عندي فلا يمكنهم ذلك، وإن أرادوني بكيد وهم بالمهدية خافوا على حرمهم هناك، وبنيت بيني وبينهم سورا وأبوابا فأنا آمن منهم ليلا ونهارا لأني أفرّق بينهم وبين أموالهم ليلا وبينهم وبين حرمهم نهارا، وشرب أهلها من الآبار والصهاريج، ومهما ذكرنا من حصانتها فإن أحوال ملوكها تناقضت حتى أفضى الأمر إلى أن أنفذ روجار صاحب صقليّة جرجي إليها في سنة 543 فأخلاها الحسن بن علي بن يحيى بن تميم بن المعزّ بن باديس وخرج هاربا حتى لحق بعبد المؤمن وبقيت في يد الأفرنج اثنتي عشرة سنة حتى قدم عبد المؤمن في سنة 555 إلى إفريقية فأخذ المهدية في أسرع وقت فهي في يد أصحابه إلى يومنا هذا ولم تغن حصانتها في جنب قضاء الله شيئا، وينسب إلى المهدية جماعة وافرة من العلماء في كل فنّ، منهم: أبو الحسن علي بن محمد بن ثابت الخولاني المعروف بالحدّاد المهدوي القائل:
قالت، وأبدت صفحة ... كالشمس من تحت القناع:
بعت الدفاتر وهي آ ... خر ما يباع من المتاع
فأجبتها، ويدي على ... كبدي وهمّت بانصداع:
لا تعجبي فيما رأي ... ت فنحن في زمن الضّياع

غلط

1 غَلِطَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. غَلَطٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and أُغْلُوطَةٌ, (JK,) He made a mistake; committed an error; or missed, or erred from, the right way or mode or manner: (Msb:) or he was unable to find the right way, (JK, M, K,) and knew it not: (M, K:) in an affair; (S;) in anything; (JK;) in reckoning, or computation, &c.: (K:) or in his speech, (S, Msb, K,) in particular; (K;) and غَلِتَ in reckoning, or computation: (S, and so in some copies of the K:) but some of the Arabs make these two verbs to be syn. dial. variants. (S.) 2 غلّطهُ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَغْلِيطٌ, (S, K,) He said to him غَلِطْتَ [Thou hast made a mistake, &c.]: (S, Msb, K:) or he attributed or imputed to him the having made a mistake. (Msb.) b2: See also 4.3 غالطهُ, inf. n. مُغَالَطَةٌ (S, K) and غِلَاطٌ, (K,) [He vied, or contended, with him, each endeavouring to cause the other to make a mistake: a signification well known, indicated in the TA, and agreeable with modern usage.]4 اغلطهُ, (S, TA,) inf. n. إِغْلَاطٌ, (TA,) He caused him to fall into the making of a mistake; (S, * TA;) as also ↓ غلّطهُ, inf. n. تَغْلِيطٌ. (TA.) غَلَطٌ [an inf. n. used as a simple subst., Mistake; error; in speech; or in that and also in reckoning, or computation, &c.;] has for its pl. أَغْلَاطٌ; and ISd says, “I see that IJ has made غِلَاطٌ its pl.; but I know not the reason of that. ” (TA.) ↓ مَغْلَطَةٌ also signifies the same in the saying, وَقَعَ فُلَانٌ فِى المَغْلَطَةِ [Such a one fell into mistake, or error]. (TA.) b2: See also مَغْلُوطٌ.

غَلْطَةٌ A single mistake, or error, in speech, or in speech &c.: pl. غَلَطَاتٌ.]

رَجُلٌ غَلْطَانُ [A man making a mistake, or committing an error, in speech, or in speech &c.]. (TA.) غَلُوطٌ: see مِغْلَاطٌ: b2: and see also أُغْلُوطَةٌ.

غَلُوطَةٌ: see أُغْلُوطَةٌ.

غَلَّاطٌ: see مِغْلَاطٌ.

أُغْلُوطَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ غَلُوطَةٌ and ↓ مَغْلَطَةٌ (K) A question by which one causes to fall into the making of a mistake: (S:) or كَلَامٌ يُغْلَطُ فِيهِ [which may be rendered both language in which one makes a mistake, and language in which one is caused to fall into a mistake]: (K:) and all, (K.) or the first and second, (TA,) also signify a question by which a person. (K, * TA,) a man of learning, (TA,) is vied, or contended, with, in the endeavour to cause him to make a mistake, (K, TA,) in order that he may become lowered: and by which his judgment, or opinion, is sought to be made erroneous: (TA:) you say, ↓ مَسْأَلَةٌ غَلُوطٌ; but when you make the latter word a subst., you add the ة: (El-Khattábee:) the pl. of أُغْلُوطَةٌ is أُغْلُوطَاتٌ and أَغَالِيطُ (S) and غَلُوطَاتٌ, which is formed from the first of these pls. by the suppression of the hemzeh, and is not, as some have said, pl. of غَلُوطَةٌ. (Hr.) Mohammad forbade أُغْلُوطَات, (S, TA,) or غَلُوطَات, (TA.) because they are unprofitable with respect to religion, and there is scarely, or never, in them aught save what is unprofitable. (El-'Otbee, TA.) مَغْلَطَةٌ [properly, or originally, A cause of falling into mistake: similar to مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ

&c.]: see أُغْلُوطَةٌ: b2: and غَلَطٌ.

مَغْلَطَانِىٌّ One who vies, or contends, with others, endeavouring to cause them to make mistakes in their reckoning, or computation. (TA.) مُغَلَّطٌ: see مَغْلُوطٌ.

مِغْلَاطٌ One who makes mistakes, or commits errors, much, or frequently; expl. by كَثِيرُ الغَلَطِ; (K;) as also ↓ غلَّاطٌ (TA) and ↓ غَلُوطٌ. (O in art. غلت.) مَغْلُوطٌ A book, or writing, having a mistake, or mistakes, made in it; and in like manner, a reckoning, or computation, as also ↓ غَلَطٌ and ↓ مُغَلَّطٌ. (TA.)

غلط: غلط: أخطأ في الحساب (ألكالا). وفي رياض النفوس (ص69 ق): وخصص مبلغ معين لبناء عمارة غير أن البنائين غلطوا بزيادة حنيَّتَّينّ. وبعد هذا: وبقي أبواب البيوت والإصلاح بالجير وذهب الذي كان يكفي لذلك كلّه في القوسين اللذين زادوهما غلطا.
غلط: أخطأ، قصَّر، فرَّط ففي ألف ليلة (2: 312): هذه المرأة كل يوم تشتري مني بدينار ولم تغلط يوماً واحداً.
غَلَّط (بالتشديد) أخطأ في الحساب (= غِلط) (ألكالا).
غَلَّط: خطَّأ، قال: أخطأت، نسبة إلى الغلط (بوشر)، لين تاج العروس).
غالَط فلاناً: ناقشه بالسفسطة وهي المغالطة والقياس الفاسد (فوك) وفيه (= سَفّسَط) والذي يأتي به مُغالِط (فوك) وفي محيط المحيط غالِط في نفسه مُغالِط لغيره وهو الفن الذي يطلق عليه صناعة المغالطين (بدرون 18: 6).
مغالطة: سفسطة، قياس فاسد، صوفية. (محيط المحيط، فوك، بوشر، الفخري ص377).
وقد استعمل الفعل غالط بمعنى مخالف لهذا بعض المخالفة وهو أفحمه وأسكته بالحجج عند أبي الوليد (ص120).
غالَط فلاناً في: حاول أن يبرهن لشخص شيئاً ببراهين مموّهة خادعة- ففي حيّان (ص8 و): حين تولى عبد الله العرش اهتم قبل كل شيء بالثائر الخطر ابن حفصون فابتدأه بالحيل مغالطا له في سوءا اعتقاده.
غالَط فلاناً في: خادعه بالمغالطة والسفسطة وبالأعمال عن الأمر. ففي حيّان (ص8 و): خرج إليه مغالطاً في طاعته إياه فأمر بالقبض عليه- وفي (ص70 ق) منه: فاعمل ابن حفصون الحيلة في قتل ابن شاكر يقترب بذلك إلى الأمير عبد الله ويغالطه في إصراره على المعصية، وفي تاريخ البربر (2: 41) وقد صحَّحت فيه ثلاثة أخطاء: ثم غالطني بما بذله تلبيساً بالكرم. أي خادعني متظاهراً بالكرم.
غالط فلاناً في: خادعه في شيء. ففي حيّان- بسّام (1: 174ق): فتجهّم باديس قال أمكراً عند الموت يا بن الفاعلة إلى (لا) تغالط وأمر بتَلّه إلى محبسه فعند ذلك عرف ما يُراد به ويَئِس من المغالطة في جرمه (الفخري صغالط: غَشَّ في اللعب. ومغالطة: غِشَ في اللعب. (بوشر).
غالط عن: ستر، أخفى، كتم. ففي تاريخ البربر (1: 658) وكان يتولى الإمارة والسلطان المطلق في طرابلس حتى لم يشعر أحد بسلطة الدولة الحفصية فيها وهو يغالط عن الإمارة بالتجارة والاحتراف بها ولبوس شارتها .. الخ وقد ترجمها دي سلان إلى الفرنسية بما معناه: (لكي يخفي ويستر عظم سلطانه تعاطى التجارة) الخ.
غالط فلاناً عن: غالطه عن الأبيات: أراده أن يعتقد أنه قائل هذه الأبيات من الشعر. (فريتاج طرائف ص174).
تغلَّط: أكثر من الغلط. (فوك).
غَلَط: خطأ. زيغ، هفوة. غلطاً: صَدفةً، عَرضاً، مصادفة من دون قصد، غير متعمد، يقال مثلاً: قتله غلطاً: خطأ، غير متعمد قتله. (بوشر، ألف ليلة 1: 74).
غَلْطَة: خطأ في الحساب (ألكالا).
غلطان. أنت غلطان: أنت مخطئ. وغلطان من يظنّ. مخطئ من يظنّ. (بوشر).
غالِط: انظرها في مادة غالَط.
أُغْلُوطَة: جمعها أغالِط (ابن دريد رايت).
مَغْلَطَة: جمعها مغالِط (ابن دريد رايت) خديعة غِشّ. (المقدمة 1: 210).
مَغْلُوط: مخدوع، مغشوش. (رولاند).
مغالِط: انظرها في مادة غالَط.
مُغالَطَة: انظرها في مادة غالَط.
القِياس المُغالِطِيّ: القياس من الفاسد، القياس السوفسطائي. (المقدمة 3: 26، 3: 17).

رفل

1 رَفِلَ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَفَلٌ; (S, M;) and رَفَلَ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) inf. n. رَفْلٌ; (M;) He was awkward (S, M, K,) in his manner of wearing his clothes, (S,) or with his clothes [when walking &c. (see رَفِلٌ)], and in every work. (M, K.) b2: And رَفَلَ, (M, K,) or رَفَلَ فِى ثِيَابِهِ, (S, TA,) aor. ـُ (S, M,) inf. n. رَفْلٌ (Lth, T, M, K) and رُفُولٌ (T, TA) and رَفَلَانٌ; (M, K;) and ↓ ارفل; (S, M, K;) He dragged his skirt, and kicked it with his foot: (Lth, T:) or he made his clothes long, and dragged them, walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of his body from side to side: (S:) or he dragged his skirt, and walked in the manner described above: or he moved his arm up and down [in walking]: (M, K:) and فِى ثِيَابِهِ ↓ ترفّل signifies the same as رَفَلَ and ارفل: (TA:) or ↓ إِرْفَالٌ [inf. n. of 4] signifies a man's having a long garment, such as a skirt and a جُبَّة: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, T in art. ذيل:) and one says, فِى مِشْيَتِهَا خرْقًا ↓ تَتَرَفَّلُ [She drags her skirt, &c., in her gait, by reason of awkwardness]. (S.) تَرْفُلُ المَرَافِلَا, a phrase used by Ru-beh, [↓ مَرَافِلُ being app. pl. of مَرْفَلٌ, a regular inf. n. of رَفَلَ,] means She walks with every sort of رَفْل or رُفُول [i. e. dragging of the skirt, &c.]. (Lth, T accord. to different copies.) And ↓ تَرْفَلَ, inf. n. تَرْفَلَةٌ, He walked with an inclining of his body from side to side (تَبَخْتَرَ) by reason of pride (كِبْرًا), or by reason of old age (كِبَرًا): (K, accord. to different copies:) the ت is augmentative. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph, last sentence, in two places.2 تَرْفِيلٌ The making a garment ample, or long towards the ground: the letting it down, or making it to hang down: (TA:) [and so ↓ إِرْفَالٌ:] you say, ثِيَابَهُ ↓ ارفل, (Sh, T,) or ثَوْبَهُ, (M,) or رِفْلَهُ, (K, TA, in the CK رَفِلَهُ,) He let down, or made to hang down, his garments, or his garment, or his skirt. (Sh, T, M, K.) b2: Hence, (TA,) رفّلهُ, (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M,) inf. n. as above, (Sh, T, S, M, K,) (tropical:) He magnified him, or honoured him: (A 'Obeyd, T, S, M, K:) he made him a king, (A 'Obeyd, T, M, K,) and a lord, or chief, (Sh, T, M, K,) and a commander, and a judge: (TA:) [like رَفَّدَهُ:] and he rendered him submissive; made him to submit; or brought him under, or into, subjection: (M, K:) thus it has two contr. meanings; (K;) [like تَرَّفَهُ;] for when a man is made judge in an affair, it is as though he were subjected to service therein. (TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, إِذَا نَحْنُ رَفَّلْنَا امْرَأً سَادَ قَوْمَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ قَبْلِ ذٰلِكَ يُذْكَرُ (assumed tropical:) [When we magnify a man, or make a man a king, &c., he becomes lord, or chief, of his people, though he have been before that not mentioned]. (T, S, M.) And you say, رُفِّلَ فُلَانٌ (assumed tropical:) Such a one was made a lord, or chief, over his people. (Sh, T.) b3: Also (tropical:) He increased, or exceeded, to him that over which he had authority to judge, or to decide. (TA.) b4: And تَرْفِيلٌ also signifies (tropical:) The leaving a well for its water to collect in it; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ رَفْلٌ: (O, K:) you say, رفّل الرَّكيَّة (tropical:) He left the well for its water to collect in it; (Ks, T, M;) as also ↓ رَفَلَهَا, aor. ـُ inf. n. رَفْلٌ. (O.) 4 ارفل, and its inf. n. إِرْفَالٌ: see 1, in two places: A2: and see also 2, in two places.5 تَرَفَّلَ see 1, in two places. b2: ترفّل also signifies (tropical:) He was, or became, or was made, a lord, or chief. (Sh, T, TA.) Hence, in a trad. of Wáïl Ibn-Hojr, يَتَرَفَّلُ عَلَى الأَقْوَالِ حَيْثُ كَانُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ حَضْرَمَوْتَ (tropical:) [He is, or will be, &c., a lord, or chief, over the subordinate kings, wherever they are, of the people of Hadramowt]. (T, * TA.) Q. Q. 1 تَرْفَلَ, inf. n. تَرْفَلَةٌ: see 1.

رِفْلٌ, (IDrd, O, K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the JM, ↓ رِفَلٌّ, (O, TA,) or ↓ رَفَلٌ, (accord. to a copy of the M,) or ↓ رَفِلٌ, (accord. to the CK,) [in the K said to be with kesr, which, accord. to a rule observed in that work, indicates that it is رِفْلٌ,] The skirt, or lower extremity, of a garment. (M, O, K.) You say, أَرْفَلَ رِفْلَهُ [explained above: see 2]. (K.) And قَمِيصٌ سَابِغُ الرِّفْلِ, i. e. [A shirt ample, or long,] in the skirt. (TA.) رَفَلٌ (tropical:) The water that collects after drawing, (جَمَّة, thus accord. to the T and O and some copies of the K, [and this is said in the TA to be the right explanation,]) or the black mud, or black fetid mud, (حَمْأَة, thus accord. to other copies of the K, or مُكْلَة [which has the same or a similar meaning], thus accord. to the M and A and L,) of a well. (T, M, O, A, L, K.) A2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

A3: رَفَلْ رَفَلْ A call to the ewe, to be milked. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) رَفِلٌ Awkward (S, M, K) in his manner of wearing his clothes, (S,) or with his clothes [when walking &c.], and in every work; as also ↓ أَرْفَلُ; fem. [of the latter] ↓ رَفْلَآءُ. (M, K.) And رَفِلَةٌ (Lth, T, M, K, TA) and ↓ رَافِلَةٌ (Lth, T, TA) A woman who drags her skirt (Lth, T, M, K, TA) well, or beautifully, (M, K, TA,) when she walks, and who walks with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side: (Lth, T, TA:) or the former signifies a woman who drags her skirt (تَتَرَفَّلُ), in her gait, by reason of awkwardness: (S, TA:) and ↓ رَفْلآءُ, a woman who does not walk well (ADk, T, S, M, K) in her clothes, (ADk, T, S, M,) dragging her garment, (M,) or dragging her skirt: (K:) and ↓ رَافِلٌ, a man making his clothes long, and dragging them, walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of his body from side to side; (S;) in which sense رَفِلَةٌ may be well used as an epithet applied to a woman: (Lth, T:) or ↓ رَافِلٌ (TA) and ↓ تَرْفِيلٌ, (Seer, M, K, TA,) in which latter the ت is augmentative, (TA,) signify a man who drags his skirt, and walks in the manner last described above; or who moves his arm up and down in walking. (Seer, M, K, TA.) b2: Also, i. e. رَفِلٌ, Foolish; stupid; or unsound, or deficient, in intellect, or understanding. (S.) b3: And رَفِلَةٌ, A foul, or an unseemly, or ugly, woman; (M, K;) as also ↓ رِفَلَّةٌ, (M,) or ↓ رِفِلَةٌ, with two kesrehs: (K:) and the same epithets are applied likewise in this sense to a man. (M.) A2: See also رِفْلٌ.

رِفِلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, near the end.

رِفَلٌّ Long in the tail; (Lth, T, S, M, K;) applied to a garment: (S:) or, thus applied, wide, or ample: (M, K:) in the former sense, applied to a horse, (Lth, As, T, M,) and to a bull, (Lth, T,) and to a camel, (Lth, T, S, M,) and to a mountaingoat; (M;) and رَفَنٌّ signifies the same: (Lth, As, M:) and applied to a horse as meaning also (M) having much flesh; (M, K;) and so رِفَنٌّ: (M:) and to a camel as meaning also wide in the skin: (Lth, T, S, M, K:) and, applied to hair, long; (M;) [or] so ↓ رَفَالٌ, like سَحَابٌ; (K;) or ↓ رُفَالٌ, or ↓ رِفَالٌ; (so accord. to different copies of the T;) and so ↓ رَفَالٌ applied to a garment. (TA.) Also A man having a long skirt. (Ham p. 386.) b2: [Hence,] عَيْشٌ رِفَلٌّ, (TA,) or مَعِيشَةٌ رِفَلَّةٌ, (S, M, in one copy of the S رَفِلَةٌ,) (tropical:) Ample means of subsistence. (S, M, TA.) A2: See also رِفْلٌ.

A3: and see رَفِلٌ.

رَفَالٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

رُفَالٌ: see رِفَلٌ.

رِفَالٌ: see رِفَلٌّ.

A2: رِفَالُ التَّيْسِ A thing that is put before the penis of the goat, in order that he may not copulate. (IDrd, M, K.) رَافِلٌ; and its fem., with ة: see رَفِلٌ, in three places.

أَرْفَلُ; and its fem., رَفْلَآءُ: see رَفِلٌ, in three places.

تَرْفِيلٌ: see رَفِلٌ.

إِزَارٌ مُرْفَلٌ [A waist-wrapper] made to hang down. (Sh, T.) [Hence, perhaps, what next follows.]

مرفلة [written without any syll. signs, app. either مُرْفَلَةٌ or مُرَفَّلَةٌ, an epithet used as a subst., or converted into a subst. by the addition of ة,] A long [dress or garment such as is called] حُلَّة, in which one drags his skirt, and walks with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait (يُرْفَلُ فِيهَا). (TA.) مُرَفَّلَةٌ A she-camel having her udder bound with a piece of rag, which is made to hang down over her teats so as to cover them. (M, O, L, K.) b2: [See also the next preceding paragraph.]

مِرْفَالٌ, applied to a woman, means كَثِيرَةُ الرُّفُولِ فِى ثَوْبِهَا [i. e. Who drags her skirt, &c., much]: (Lth, T:) [and in like manner,] applied to a man, (TA,) كَثيرُ الرَّفَلَانِ [which means the same: see 1]. (M, K, TA.) مَرَافِلُ [app. pl. of مَرْفَلٌ, an inf. n. of رَفَلَ]: see 1.

لثأ
: ( {لَثَأَ الكَلْبُ، كَمنَعَ) ، بالمِثلثة، أَهمله الجوهريُّ، وَقَالَ الفرَّاءُ: أَي (وَلَغَ) ، وَفِي (التَّهْذِيب) : حكى سَلَمة عَن الفرَّاء:} اللَّثَأُ، بالهمزِ: مَا يَسيل مِن الشّجر، {واللَّثَى: مَا سَال من مَاء الشَّجر من ساقِها (خاثِراً) قلت: وسيأْتي ذَلِك فِي المعتلّ.

لَجأ
: (} لَجَأَ إِلَيه) أَي الشيءِ أَو المكانِ (كَمَنَعَ) {يَلْجَأُ} لَجْأً {ولُجُوءًا} ومَلْجَأً (و) {لَجِىءَ مثل (فَرِحَ) } لَجَأً بِالتَّحْرِيكِ، الأَخيرةُ لغةٌ فِي الأُولى كَمَا فِي (التكملة) (: لاَذَ، {كالْتَجَأَ) إِليه.
(} وأَلْجَأَهُ) إِلى كَذَا (: اضْطَرَّهُ) إِليه وأَحْوَجَه (و) {أَلْجَأَ (أَمْرَهُ إِلى اللَّهِ: أَسْنَدَهُ) . وَفِي بعض النّسخ وأَمْرَه إِليه: أَسنده،} والْتَجأَ {وتَلَجَّأَ، وَفِي حَدِيث كَعبٍ: من دَخل فِي ديوَان المُسلمينَ ثمَّ تَلَجَّأَ مِنهم فقدْ خَرَج مِن قُبَّةِ الإِسلام. يُقَال:} لَجَأْتُ إِلى فلانٍ، وَعنهُ، {والتجَأْتُ} وتَلَجَّأْتُ إِذا استَنَدْتَ إِليه واعْتَضَدْتَ بِهِ أَو عَدَلْتَ عَنهُ إِلى غَيره، كأَنه إِشارةٌ إِلى الخُروجِ والانفرادِ من الْمُسلمين. .
(و) أَلْجَأَ (فُلاناً: عَصَمَه) ، وَيُقَال: {أَلجأْتُ فلَانا إِلى الشيءِ إِذا حَصَّنْتَه فِي} مَلْجَإِ.
( {واللَّجَأُ، مُحَرَّكَةً: المَعْقِلُ والمَلاذُ،} كالمَلْجَإِ) وَقد تُحذف هَمزته تَخْفِيفًا ومُزاوَجةً مَعَ المَنْجَا، كَمَا يُهمز المَنْجَا مُزاوَجةً مَعَه، وفُلانٌ حَسَنُ {المَلْجَا. وَجمع} اللَّجَإِ {أَلْجَاءٌ (و) اللَّجَأُ (ع) بَين أَرِيك والرِّجامِ قَالَ أَوْسُ بنُ عَلْفاء:
جَلَبْنَا الخَيْلَ مِنْ جَنْبَيْ أَرِيكِ
إِلَى} لَجَإٍ إِلى ضِلَعِ الرِّجَامِ كَذَا فِي مُعْجم أَبي عُبَيْدٍ البكريِّ، نَقله شَيخنَا، وَقَالَ نَصرٌ فِي (مُعْجَمه) : هُوَ وادٍ أَو جَبَلٌ نَجْدِيٌّ، فقولُ المناوِي: لم يُعَيِّنُوه. لَيْسَ بِشَيْء.
(و) لَجَأٌ، بِلَا لامٍ: اسمُ رجلٍ هُوَ (جَدُّ عُمَرَ بنِ الأَشْعَثِ) التَّيْمِيِّ الشَّاعِر (لَا والِدُه، وَوَهِمَ الجوهريُّ) فَجعله والداً لَهُ، وإِنما هُوَ جَدُّه، وَهَذَا الَّذِي ذكره الْجَوْهَرِي هُوَ الَّذِي أَطبَق عَلَيْهِ أَئِمة الأَنساب واللُّغَة، قَالَ البلاذُرِيُّ فِي مَفاهِيم الأَشراف مَا نَصُّه: ووَلَد ذُهْلُ ابنُ تَيْمِ بن عَبْدِ مَناةَ بنِ أُدّ بن طَابِخَة: سَعْدَ بنَ ذُهحلٍ، فولَدَ سَعْدٌ: ثَعْلَبَةَ بن سعد، وجُشَمَ بن سَعْدٍ، وَبَكْرَ بن سَعْدٍ. فولَد ثَعْلَبةُ: امْرَأَ القَيْسِ بنَ ثَعْلَبة. فولَد امْرُؤُ القيسِ: جُلَّهُم، مِنْهُم عُمَرُ ابنُ لَجَإِ بن حُدَيْرِ بن مَصَاد بن ذُهْلِ ابْن تَيْمِ بن عبْدِ مَناةَ بن أُدَ الشاعرُ، وَكَانَ يُهاجِي جَرِيرَ بنَ عَطِيَّة بن الخَطَدَي، وَكَانَ سببُ تَهاجِيهِما أَنّ ابنَ لَجَإٍ أَنحشدَ جَرِيراً باليَمانِيةِ.
تَجُرُّ بالأَهْوَنِ فِي أَدنائها
جَرَّ العَجُوزِ جَانِبَيْ خِبَائِها
فَقَالَ لَهُ جريرٌ: هلاَّ قلت:
جَرَّ العَرُوسِ طَرَفَيْ رِدَائها
فَقَالَ لَهُ ابنُ لَجَإِ. فأَنت الَّذِي تَقول:
لَقَوْمِيَ أَحْمَى لِلْحَقِيقَةِ مِنْكُمُ
وأَضْرَبُ لِلْجَبَّارِ والنَّقْعُ سَاطِعُ
وأَوْثَقُ عِنْدَ المُرْدَفَاتِ عَشِيَّةً
لَحاقاً إِذَا مَا جَرَّدَ السَّيْفَ مَانِعُ
أَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا أُخِذْنَ غُدْوَةً وَلم تَلْحَقْهُنَّ إِلاَّ عَشِيَّةً وَقد نُكِحْنَ فَمَا غَنَاؤُه؟ فتحاكَما إِلى عُبَيْد بن غَاضرةَ العَنْبريِّ فقَضى على جَريرٍ، فهجاه بِشعْرٍ مَذكور فِي الْكتاب الْمَذْكُور، وَكَذَا جوابُ ابْن لجإٍ، وَمَات عُمَرُ بنُ لجإٍ بالأَهواز، وَبَينهمَا مُفاخراتٌ ومُعارضات حَسَنةٌ لَيْسَ هَذَا محلَّ ذِكْرِا، وَقد عُرِف من كلامِ البَلاذُرِيّ أَن لَجَأً والدُه لَا جَدُّه، وعَلى التَّسْلِيم فإِن مِثْلَ ذَلك لَا يُعْتَرضَ بِهِ، لأَنه كثيرا مَا يُنْسَب الرجلُ إِلى جَدِّه، لكَونه أَشهرَ أَو أَفْخَر أَو غير ذَلِك من الأَعراض، أَلا تَرَى إِلى قَوْلِ النبيّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم (أَنَا النَّبِيُّ لاَ كَذِبْ أَنَا ابنُ عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبْ) .
وأَمْثِلَةُ ذَلِك لَا تُحْصى، وَالله أَعلم.
(و) اللَّجَأُ (: الضِّفْدَعُ) ، وَفِي (المُحكم) أَنه نَوْعٌ من السَّلاحِفِ يَعِيش فِي البَرِّ والبَحْرِ، وَمِنْه من يُخَفِّفه، فَذكره فِي المُعتلّ، (وَهِيَ) أَي الأُنثى (بِهَاءَ) وَقَالُوا: {اللجَأَةُ البَحْرِيَّةُ لَهَا لِسانٌ فِي صَدْرِهَا، من أَصابَتْه (بِهِ) من الحَيوان قَتَلتْه، قَالَه الدَّمِيري، وَنَقله شيخُنا.
(وذُو} المَلاَجِىءِ: قَيْلٌ) من أَقيال التَّبَابِعَة من مُلوك اليَمَنِ.
( {والتَّلْجِئَةُ: الإِكْرَاهُ) قَالَ أَبو الهَيْثَم أَنْ} يُلْجِئَك أَنْ تَأْتِيَ أَمراً ظاهرُه خِلاَفُ بَاطِنه. وَفِي حَدِيث النُّعْمَانِ بن بَشِيرٍ: (هَذِه {تَلْجِئَةٌ فأَشْهِدْ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرِي) } التّلْجِئَةُ: تَفْعِلَةٌ من {الإِلجاءِ، كأَنه قد} أَلْجَأَك إِلى أَن تأْتيَ أَمراً باطنُه خِلافُ ظَاهره، وأَحْوَجك إِلى أَن تَفعل فِعْلاً تَكْرهُه، وَكَانَ بَشِيرٌ قَد أَفردَ ابْنَه النُّعْمانَ بِشيءٍ دُونَ إِخْوَته، حملتْه عَلَيْهِ أُمُّه. وَقَالَ ابنُ شُمَيْلٍ: {التَّلْجِئَةُ: أَن يَجْعَل مَالَه لِبَعحضِ وَرَثَتِه دُون بَعْضٍ، كأَنَّه يتصَدَّق بِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ وارِثُه، قَالَ: وَلَا} تَلْجِئَةَ إِلاَّ إِلَى وَارِث. يُقَال: أَلَكَ لَجَأُ يَا فلَان (واللَّجَأُ: الزوجَةُ) .
وَمِمَّا يسْتَدرك عَلَيْهِ:
(اللَّجَأُ: الزَّوْجَةُ، أَو جَبَلٌ، وأَيضاً الوارثُ، ولَجَأَ أَمْرَه إِلى الله: أَسْنَده كالْتَجَأَ وتَلَجَّأَ.
{وتَلَجَّأَ مِنْهُم: انفرَدَ وخَرَج عَن زُمْرَتِهِم وعدَلَ إِلى غَيرهم، فكأَنه تَحَصَّنَ مِنْهُم.

ضرج

1 ضَرَجَهُ, (S, O, L, K,) aor. ـِ (O,) or ـُ (L,) inf. n. ضَرْجٌ, (O, L,) He split it, slit it, or rent it asunder or open; (S, O, L, K;) and so ↓ ضرّجهُ [but app. in an intensive sense, or said of a number of things, inf. n. تَضْرِيجٌ]; namely, a garment, &c. (L.) [Hence,] ضَرَجَ النَّارَ i. q. فَتَحَ لَهَا عَيْنًا [i. e. He made an opening in the live coals of the fire, in order that it might burn up well]. (AHn, TA.) b2: And He smeared it, daubed it, or defiled it; (O, L, K;) and so ↓ ضرّجهُ [but app., in this case also, in an intensive sense, or said of a number of things]; namely, a garment, (A, L,) &c., (L,) with blood, (A, L,) or with something similar thereto, that was red, or with something yellow. (L.) b3: And He threw it, or threw it down. (K.) A2: ضَرَجَتْ بِجِرّتِهَا and جَرَضَتْ [signify the same, i. e. She was choked with her cud; or she swallowed her cud with difficulty; the former verb being app. formed by transposition from the latter; but جَرِضَتْ seems to be better known than جَرَضَتْ]; said of a camel. (O, TA.) 2 ضَرَّجَ see above, in two places. b2: One says also, ضرّج أَنْفَهَ بِدَمٍ, (S, O,) or بِالدَّمِ, (K,) He made his nose to bleed. (S, O, K.) b3: And ضرّج الثَّوْبَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَضْرِيجٌ, (S, O,) He dyed the garment, or piece of cloth, of a red colour, (S, O, K,) making it less fully dyed than that which is termed مُشْبَع, and more so than that which is termed مُوَرَّد. (S, O.) b4: [Hence,] ضرّج الكَلَامَ, (A, K,) inf. n. as above, (O,) (tropical:) He embellished the speech, (A, O, K,) and amplified it, (A,) as one does in excuses, or pleas, (O,) with truth, or with falsehood. (A, O.) b5: ضرّجت جَيْبَهَا She (a woman) loosened her جَيْب [or opening at the neck and bosom of her shift or the like, so that the edges were not drawn together, or buttoned]. (O, K: * in the latter, ضرّج الجَيْبَ, inf. n. as above.) b6: ضرّجنا الإِبِلَ We urged on the camels, in making a hostile, or predatory, incursion. (O, K. *) 5 تَضَرَّجَ see 7, in four places. b2: تضرّج also signifies It (a garment, A, L) became smeared, daubed, or defiled, (S, A, O, L, K,) with blood, (S, A, O, L,) or with something similar thereto, that was red, or with something yellow. (L.) b3: and تضرّج الخَدُّ (tropical:) The cheek became red, (O, K, TA,) on an occasion of shame. (O.) You say, كَلَّمْتُهُ فَتَضَرَّجَ خَدَّاهُ (tropical:) I spoke to him and his cheeks became red. (A, * TA.) b4: And تضرّجت المَرْأَةُ (tropical:) The woman displayed her finery, or ornaments, and beauties of person or form or countenance, to men, (A, O, K, TA,) and embellished herself. (A, TA.) 7 انضرج It (a thing, or garment, &c., L) split, slit, or rent asunder or open; (S, O, L, K;) as also انضرج; (TA in art. ضرح;) and so ↓ تضرّج [but app. in an intensive sense, or said of a number of things]: (L:) the latter is said of a garment in the former sense; (TA;) or as meaning it became much rent, or rent in several places. (L.) When the fruits of herbs, or leguminous plants, appear, one says, اِنْضَرَجَتْ عَنْهَا لَفَائِفُهَا and أَكْمَامُهَا [i. e. Their envelopes, or pericarps, and their calyxes, rent asunder or open, so as to disclose them]. (A, TA. [And the like is said in the S and O.]) And one says also, عَنِ البَقْلِ لَفَائِفُهُ ↓ تَضَرَّجَتْ, meaning اِنْفَتَحَت [i. e. The envelopes, or pericarps, of the herbs, or leguminous plants, opened so as to disclose what was within them]. (S, O.) And النَّوْرُ ↓ تضرّج The blossoms opened. (K.) And انضرج الشَّجَرُ The buds of the trees burst open and the extremities of the leaves appeared. (L.) And ↓ تضرّج said of lightning means تَشَقَّقَ [i. e. It clave the clouds, and extended high, into the midst of the sky; or it was in a state of commotion in the clouds; or it spread wide and long]. (S, A, O, K.) b2: Also It was, or became, wide, or ample. (El-Muärrij, S, O, K.) You say, انضرجت لَنَا الطَّرِيقُ The road was, or became, wide to us. (TA.) And انضرج مَا بَيْنَ القَوْمِ The space between the people was, or became, far-extending: (As, S, O, K: *) and so انضرج. (S in art. ضرح.) b3: انضرجت العُقَابُ The eagle darted down upon the prey: (O, K:) or betook itself, or advanced, to it: (O:) or took a sidelong course to it. (O, K. *) ضَرِجٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, smeared with a red, or yellow, colour; as also ↓ إِضْرِيجٌ: or this latter is only [applied to a garment, or piece of cloth,] of [the kind called] خَزّ. (TA.) [and ضَرِجُ الأَنَامِلِ means Having the ends of the fingers smeared, or defiled, by blood: see Ham p. 799.]

ضَرْجَةٌ and ضَرَجَةٌ A species of bird. (TA.) عَدْوٌ ضَرِيجٌ A vehement running. (S, K.) إِضْرِيجٌ A yellow [garment of the kind called]

كِسَآء; (K;) a yellow sort of أَكْسِيَة [pl. of كِسَآء]: (S, O:) or a كسآء made of excellent [down of the kind called] مِرْعِزَّى: (TA:) or أَكْسِيَة made of the best of مِرْعِزَّى: (Lth, O, TA:) and, (O, K,) accord. to Lh, (TA,) red [cloth of the kind called]

خَزّ: (O, K, TA:) and أَكْسِيَةُ الإِضْرِيجِ signifies the اكسية of red خَزّ; (A, TA;) or of yellow خَزّ. (TA. See also ضَرِجٌ.) And ثَوْبٌ إِضْرِيجٌ A garment saturated with redness. (A.) b2: And A red dye: (O, K, TA:) so it is said to signify: and hence ↓ ثُوْبٌ مُضَرَّجٌ [meaning A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed of a red colour in the manner expl. voce ضرّج]. (TA.) A2: And A horse that is swift and excellent; or swift, or excellent, in running; (AO, S, O, K, TA;) vehement in running; (S, O, TA;) or having a large mane: (AO, TA:) or wide in the لَبَان [or breast, or middle of the breast]. (TA.) مِضْرَجٌ: see its pl., مَضَارِجُ, below.

مُضَرَّجٌ: see إِضْرِيجٌ. b2: مُضَرَّجُ الخَدَّيْنِ (tropical:) Having the cheeks made red. (A, * TA.) b3: المُضَرَّجُ, (so in the O,) or ↓ المُضَرِّجُ, (so accord. to the K, there said to be like مُحَدِّث,) The lion. (O, K.) المُضَرِّجُ: see what next precedes.

عَيْنٌ مَضْرُوجَةٌ An eye wide in the fissure: (S, O, K:) a wide eye. (A.) مَضَارِجُ i. q. مَشَاقُّ [i. e. Fissures; lit. places of slitting: pl. of مَشَقٌّ]. (O, K.) Himyán Ibn-Koháfeh Es-Saadee says, describing the tushes of a stallion-camel, أَوْسَعْنَ مِنْ أَشْدَاقِهِ المَضَارِجَا [That widened the fissures of the sides of his mouth]. (O.) A2: Also Old and worn-out garments, (A'Obeyd, S, O, K,) that are used for service and work, like what are called مَعَاوِزُ: sing. ↓ مِضْرَجٌ. (A'Obeyd, S, O.)