خشن

1 خَشُنَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. خُشُونَةٌ and خُشْنَةٌ (S, Msb, K, KL) and خَشَانَةٌ (CK, TA, but omitted in some copies of the K) and خَشْنٌ and مَخْشَنَةٌ, (K,) It was, or became, rough, harsh, or coarse; (K, * KL, PS;) contr. of لَانَ, (S, K,) or of نَعُمَ; (Msb;) as also ↓ تخشّن. (K.) b2: [Hence,] هُوَ ذُو خَشْنَةٍ and خُشُونَةٍ (K) and مَخْشَنَةٍ (TA) (tropical:) He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (K, TA. [See also خَشِنٌ.]) And خَشُنَ عَلَيْهِ صَدْرِهِ and عليه صدره ↓ اخشوشن (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, angry with him. (Sh, TA.) See also 3.2 خَشَّنَ [خشّنهُ He made it rough, harsh, or coarse. b2: Hence,] خشّن صَدْرَهُ, inf. n. تَخْشِينٌ, (tropical:) He exasperated him; made him to be affected with wrath, or rage. (S, K, TA.) A poet says, وَخَشَّنَتْ صَدْرًا جَيْبُهُ لَكَ نَاصِحُ [explained in art. جيب]. (S.) 3 خاشنهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُخَاشَنَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was rough, harsh, or coarse, to him; syn. عَلَيْهِ ↓ خَشُنَ; in speech, and in action; (M, TA;) [he acted towards him, or with him, roughly, harshly, or coarsely;] contr. of لَايَنَهُ. (S, K.) 5 تَخَشَّنَ see 1: b2: and see also 12.10 استخشنهُ He found it [or esteemed it] rough, harsh, or coarse. (K.) A2: Hence, in a trad. of 'Alee, making mention of pious men of learning, اسْتَلَانُوا مَا اسْتَخْشَنَ المُتْرَفُونَ (assumed tropical:) [and they esteemed, or esteem, soft, or smooth, what those leading a life of ease and plenty esteemed, or esteem, rough, harsh, or coarse]. (TA.) and استخشن المَقَامَ فِى مَحَلِّ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [He esteemed unpleasant, or uncomfortable, the remaining in such a place of abode]. (TA in art. بشع.) 12 اخشوشن (JK, S, K) and ↓ تخشّن (K) It was, or became, very rough, harsh, or coarse: (S, K:) or (K.) he wore rough, harsh, or coarse, clothes: (JK, K:) or the former signifies also he accustomed himself to the wearing of such clothes: (S:) or each, he ate rough, harsh, or coarse, food: (TA:) or the former, (JK,) or each, (K,) (assumed tropical:) he said what was rough, harsh, or coarse: (JK, K, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) he lived a rough, or coarse, life. (K.) The former verb is more intensive in all its senses (K, TA) than خَشُنَ and تخشّن, because of the repetition of the medial radical and the addition of the و; and the same is the case of every verb of this class, as اعشوشب and the like, as is indicated in the S. (TA.) b2: See also 1.

خَشِنٌ Rough, harsh, or coarse; (S, * Msb, * K, KL, PS;) applied to a thing (S, Msb, K) of any kind; (K;) as also ↓ أَخْشَنُ: (S, Msb, K:) in relation to a stone, they seldom or never say otherwise than أَخْشَنُ: (Msb:) the fem. of the former is with ة; (Msb, K;) and the pl. is خُشُنٌ, (Msb,) [also said to be a pl. by poetic license of أَخْشَنُ, for خُشْنٌ, as will be seen below,] or خِشَانٌ, (K,) which is applied in the sense explained above to land [or lands]: (TA:) the fem. of ↓ أَخْشَنُ is خَشْنَآءُ; (K;) and the pl. is خُشْنٌ. (S.) You say أَرْضٌ خَشِنَةٌ Rough, or rugged, ground or land. (Msb.) And أَرْضٌ

↓ خشْنَآءُ Rugged ground or land, (JK, TA,) in which are stones and sand. (TA.) And مُلَآءَةٌ

↓ خَشْنَآءُ [A wrapper for the body] in which is roughness, harshness, or coarseness, either from newness or from make. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A strong man. (Msb.) And هُوَ خَشِنُ الجَانِبِ and ↓ أَخْشَنُهُ (tropical:) He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (K, TA. [See also 1.]) And عَاشَ عَيْشًا خَشِنًا (assumed tropical:) He lived a rough, or coarse, life. (K.) See also أَخْشَنُ.

خُشَيْنَآءُ [dim. of خَشْنَآءُ] A certain small herb, or leguminous plant, green, found in meadows, and plains; so called because of its roughness, or harshness, or coarseness. (TA.) See also خَشنَآءُ at the end of the next paragraph.

أَخْشَنُ, and its fem. خَشْنَآءُ: see خَشِنٌ, in five places. You say also كَتِيبَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ (tropical:) [An army, or a portion thereof, bristling with weapons: or] having many weapons: (JK, S, K, TA:) [and in like manner, ↓ جَيْشٌ خَشِنٌ, occurring in the TA in art. خمس:] and مَعْشَرٌ خُشْنٌ and خُشُنٌ; the latter allowable in poetry: (S: [it is there implied that this has a similar meaning:]) or the last signifies (assumed tropical:) [a company of men] who resist harm, or injury. (Ham p. 5.) And أُثْفِيَّةٌ خَشْنَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A great number [of people]. (S in art. ثَفى.) b2: Also, (K, TA,) or ↓ أُخَيْشِنُ, (JK,) (tropical:) A man whose state, or condition, is discommended. (JK, K, TA. [See also مُخَشَّنَةٌ.]) And the fem., (assumed tropical:) A she-camel lean, or emaciated. (JK, K.) and سَنَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A year of drought or distress. (JK.) b3: A rájiz says, مِنْ يَثْرِبِيَّاتٍ خُشْنِ meaning [Of the fabric of Yethrib,] new [unfeathered arrows]. (S, TA.) b4: خَشْنَآءُ also signifies A certain green herb, or leguminous plant, (A Hn, JK, K,) having short leaves, (JK,) that spreads upon the ground, (AHn,) rough to the feel, but soft in the mouth, viscous like purslane; (AHn, K;) its blossom is yellow, and it is eaten [by men], and is like wise a pasture: (AHn:) also called ↓ خُشَيْنَآءُ. (TA.) أُخَيْشِنُ dim. of أَخْشَنُ as syn. with خَشِنٌ. (TA.) أُخَيْشِنُ فِى ذَاتِ اللّٰهِ is a phrase occurring in a trad. [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) Somewhat rough or coarse in clothing, or in mode of living, for the sake, or to obtain the approbation, of God]. (S, TA.) See also أَخْشَنُ.

مُخَشَّنَةٌ A she-camel whose طِرْق [or condition in respect of fatness] is discommended. (JK, K. [See also أَخْشَنُ.])

خمن

1 خَمَنَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. خُمُونٌ, said of [a man's] reputation (الذِّكْرُ), It was, or became, obscure; i. q. خَمَلَ, inf. n. خُمُولٌ: and, said of a thing, it was, or became, obscure, unapparent, hidden, or concealed: whence خَمَنَهُ as syn. with خَمَّنَهُ, q. v. (Msb.) 2 خمّنهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَخْمِينٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ خَمَنَهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. خَمْنٌ; (Msb;) He spoke of it conjecturally, (S, Msb, K,) and opining; (TA;) or surmising: (K:) or he formed a surmise respecting it; or an opinion. (Msb.) IDrd says, I think it to be post-classical: (TA:) AHát says that it is of Persian origin, (Msb, TA,) arabicized, (TA,) from خمانا, [app. a mistranscription for گُمَانَا, or گُمَانَهْ, or گُمَانْ,] applied to “ an opinion,” and “ a conjecture,” or “ conjectural saying. ” (Msb, TA.) b2: تَخْمِينٌ is also syn. with تَحْرِيرٌ. (So in the TA. [But this, I doubt not, is a mistranscription for تَحْزِيزٌ, which, though perhaps post-classical, signifies The act of conjecturing.]) خَمَنٌ Stink. (K.) خَمَانٌ The elder-tree: and خَمَانٌ صَغِيرٌ Dwarf elder-tree: so in the present day.]

خَمَّانٌ A weak spear: and قَنَاةٌ خَمَّانَةٌ [a weak spear or spear-shaft]. (A 'Obeyd, S, K.) b2: What is bad of household-goods, or furniture, or utensils: (TA:) and The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, or mankind; (S, K;) the bad thereof. (K.) [Mentioned also in art. خم.]

خَامِنُ الذِّكْرِ A man (TA) obscure, unnoted, reputeless, of no reputation; i. q. خَامِلُ الذِّكْرِ. (K, TA.) Quasi خمى خَامٍ (accus. خَامِيًا) for خَامِسٌ: see the latter word.

صمد

1 صَمَدَهُ, (S, M, A, Mgh,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh,) inf. n. صَمْدٌ; (S, M, Mgh, K;) and صَمَدَ إِلَيْهِ; (M, A; *) He tended, repaired, betook himself, or directed himself or his course or aim, to, or towards, him, or it; or endeavoured to reach, or attain, or obtain, him, or it; or had recourse to him, or it; syn. قَصَدَهُ: (S, M, A, Mgh, K: *) and so سَمَدَهُ. (M in art. سمد.) One says, صَمَدَ إِلَيْهِ فِى الحَوَائِجِ He repaired, betook himself, or had recourse, to him in exigencies; syn. قَصَدَ. (M.) And صَمَدَ الأَمْرَ, (A,) or صَمَدَ صَمْدَ الأَمْرِ, (M,) He betook himself to the thing, or affair; aimed at it; sought it, or endeavoured after it; or intended, or purposed, it; syn. اِعْتَمَدَهُ; (A;) or قَصَدَ قَصْدَهُ. (M.) And تصمّد لَهُ بِالعَصَا He betook himself to him or towards him, or aimed at him, with the staff, or stick; syn. قَصَدَ. (M.) And رَأْسَهُ بِالعَصَا ↓ تصمّد He aimed (عَمَدَ) at the main part of his head with the staff, or stick. (M.) b2: Hence, صَمَدَ لَهُ He faced it directly; directed his face exactly towards it. (Mgh.) b3: And He pointed towards it. (Mgh.) b4: And صَمَدْتُ لَهُ حَتَّى أَمْكَنَتْنِى مِنْهُ غِرَّةٌ I sprang and betook myself towards him, watching until heedlessness on his part made me to have him within my power. (L, from a trad. respecting the slaying of Aboo-Jahl.) b5: and صَمَدَهُ بِالعَصَا, (A,) inf. n. صَمْدٌ, (K,) He struck him, or beat him, with the staff, or stick. (A, K. *) A2: الصَّمْدُ also signifies النَّصْبُ [The setting up, or erecting, a thing]: (K:) one says صَمَدَهُ He set it up, or erected, it. (TK.) A3: And صَمَدَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَجْهَهُ, (TK,) inf. n. صَمْدٌ, (K,) The sun scorched his face. (K, * TK.) A4: صَمَدَ القَارُورَةَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ (M,) or ـَ (K,) but this is strange, for there is no faucial letter, nor any other reason for it, (MF,) He put a صِمَاد [q. v.] over, or into, the mouth of the flask, or bottle. (M, K.) 2 صَمَّدَ [صمّدهُ, said of a number of persons, signifies the same as صَمَدَهُ as first expl. above; or, said of a single person, He tended, repaired, &c., repeatedly, or frequently, to him, or it; see its pass. part. n., below.]

A2: صمّد رَأْسَهُ, inf. n. تَصْمِيدٌ, He wound a piece of cloth, or a kerchief, called صِمَاد, round his head. (TA.) 3 صامدهُ, (TA,) inf. n. صِمَادٌ, (K, TA,) He contended with him in fight; syn. of the inf. n. جِلَادٌ. (K, * TA. [For جِلَاد, Golius appears to have found in his copy of the K جَلَّاد.]) 4 اصمد إِلَيْهِ الأَمْرَ He rested, or stayed, upon him the affair; syn. أَسْنَدَهُ. (M.) 5 تَصَمَّدَ see 1, in two places.

صَمْدٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, M, &c.) [Hence صَمَدْتُ صَمْدَهُ, like قَصَدْتُ قَصْدَهُ, q. v.]

A2: Also, (S, L, K,) or ↓ صَمَدٌ, (as in a copy of the S and in one of the M,) Elevated ground: (L:) or elevated and rugged ground, (S, M, L, K,) not so high as to be a mountain: (M, L:) or hard, firm, or tough, ground: (AA:) pl. أَصْمَادٌ and ↓ صِمَادٌ: (M:) or a narrow, rugged, and low part of a mountain, producing trees; as also ↓ صِمَادٌ. (Aboo-Kheyreh.) صَمَدٌ (with the article ال an epithet applied to God, M) A lord; because one repairs, betakes himself, or has recourse, to him in exigencies; (S, A, K; *) or, when applied to God, because affairs are stayed, or rested, upon Him, (أُصْمِدَتْ

إِلَيْهِ,) and none but He accomplishes them: (M, A, L:) or a person to whom one repairs, betakes himself, or has recourse, in exigencies: (M, A: *) you say, سَيِّدٌ صَمَدٌ, meaning a lord, or chief, to whom recourse is had: (A:) or صَمَدٌ signifies a lord to whom obedience is rendered, without whom no affair is accomplished: or one to whom lordship ultimately pertains: (M, L:) or a lord whose lordship has attained its utmost point or degree; in which sense it is not applicable to God: (T, L:) or the Being that continues, or continues for ever or is everlasting: (M, K:) or the Being that continues, or continues for ever, after his creatures have perished: (M:) or the Creator of everything, of whom nothing is independent, and whose unity everything indicates: or one who takes no nourishment, or food: (M, L:) also high, or elevated; (L, K;) applied to anything: (L:) a man above whom is no one: (L:) a man who neither thirsts nor hungers in war. (AA, K.) b2: Also Solid; not hollow; (M, K;) in which sense it may not be applied to God: (M:) and so ↓ مُصْمَدٌ, a dial. var. of مُصْمَتٌ. (S.) b3: And A people having no trade, or occupation, nor anything by means of which they may live. (K.) A2: See also صَمْدٌ.

صَمْدَةٌ A rock firmly imbedded in the earth, even with the surface thereof, or, in some instances, somewhat elevated; (M, K; *) as also ↓ صُمْدَةٌ. (M.) A2: And A she-camel that has been covered and has not conceived; (M, K; *) as also ↓ صَمَدَةٌ. (Kr, M.) صُمْدَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَمَدَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صِمَادٌ The سِدَاد [or stopper, like صِمَامٌ], (IAar, K,) or the عِفَاص [or piece of skin that is put as a cover over the mouth], (Lth, S, M,) of a flask or bottle. (Lth, IAar, S, M, K.) b2: And A piece of cloth, or a kerchief, which a man winds round his head, دُونَ العِمَامَةِ [which may mean either exclusively of the turban or beneath the turban]. (K.) A2: See also صَمْدٌ, in two places.

صَمُودٌ A certain idol, which belonged to the tribe of 'Ád, who worshipped it. (TA.) مُصْمَدٌ: see صَمَدٌ, near the end of the paragraph.

مُصَمَّدٌ applied to a house, or tent, (بَيْتٌ, S) repaired to [repeatedly, or frequently, or by many persons, as is indicated by the teshdeed, though only expl. as] syn. with مَقْصُودٌ. (S, K.) A2: Also A hard thing; in which is no softness, or fragility. (K, TA.) مِصْمَادٌ A she-camel that endures cold, and drought, or barrenness of the earth, continuing to yield her milk: pl. مَصَامِدُ and مَصَامِيدُ. (K.) مُصَوْمِدٌ Thick, or rough, (K, TA,) and high, overtopping, or prominent. (TA.)

صدر

1 صَدَرَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb, K) and صَدِرَ, (K,) inf. n. صَدْرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and صُدُورٌ (A, TA) and مَصْدَرٌ (M, K) and مَزْدَرٌ because of the similarity [of the letters ص and ز], (M,) He returned, went back; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) and went, or turned, away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M, A,) and a country, (S, M,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) b2: Hence, صَدَرَ القَوْلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. صُدُورٌ, (assumed tropical:) [The saying issued, proceeded, or emanated, عَنْهُ from him.] (Msb.) [And صَدَرَ عَنْهُ الفِعْلُ, with the same aor. and inf. n., (assumed tropical:) The action proceeded from him.] b3: And صَدَرَ إِلَيْهِ He went to it; namely, a place: (TA:) he came to it. (Kull. p. 228.) A2: صَدَرَهُ: see 4.

A3: Also, (M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. صَدْرٌ, (M,) He hit, struck, or hurt, his صَدْر [i. e. breast]. (M, K.) You say, ضَرَبْتُهُ فَصَدَرْتُهُ I struck him and hit his breast. (A.) b2: And صَدِرَ He had a complaint of the صَدْر [or chest]. (M, K.) [See its part. n., below.]2 صدّرهُ: see 4.

A2: صدّر بَعِيرَهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ, (TA,) He tied a cord from the girth of his camel to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on his breast: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, (L,) one says, صدّر عَنْ بَعِيرِهِ, (M, L,) and the meaning is, he tied a cord from the تَصْدِير [or breast-girth] to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on the breast of his camel, to keep the تصدير in its place, when it had become loose in consequence of the animal's having become lank in the belly: the cord above mentioned is called سِنَافٌ [q. v.]. (Lth, L.) b2: And صدّر عَلَى البَعِيرِ [app. He put the breast-girth upon the camel]: from التَّصْدِيرُ, i. e. “ the girth ” [thus called]. (MA.) b3: صُدِّرَ His (a horse's) breast became wetted with sweat. (S.) See 5. b4: صدّرهُ, (TA,) or صدّرهُ فِى المَجْلِسِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He placed him, or seated him, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (TA.) And صُدِّرَ He was advanced, or promoted. (A.) b5: صدّر كِتَابَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) He put to his book, or writing, a صَدْر, (S, K, TA,) i. e. a title, or a commencement. (TA.) And صدّر كِتَابَهُ بِكَذَا (tropical:) [He commenced his book, or writing, with such a thing]. (A.) A3: See also 5, where it is expl. as intrans., in two places.3 مُصَادَرَةٌ signifies The returning, or going back, [app. with another, from water, &c.] (KL.) [The verb is probably trans., agreeably with general analogy, in all its senses; صادرهُ app. signifying primarily He returned, or went back, with him from water &c. b2: Ibr D thinks that it signifies also (assumed tropical:) He vied, or contended, with him for precedence, or priority.]

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The exacting a fine or the like [app. from another: or the suing, or prosecuting, another, for a debt &c.]. (KL.) You say, صادرهُ عَلَى كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (S, * K, * TA) (assumed tropical:) He desired, or sought, to obtain from him; or he demanded of him; or he sued, or prosecuted, him for; such a sum, or such an amount, of property. (K, * TA.) b2: And صَادَرْتُهُ عَلَى كَذَ ا وَكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I released him from my reckoning with him on such and such terms agreed upon by both. (TA in art. فرق.) And صُودِرَ عَلَى مَالٍ يُؤَدِّيهِ (assumed tropical:) He (an agent) was released from being reckoned with (فُورِقَ) on the condition of his paying certain property for which he became responsible: a phrase of the registrars of accounts. (TA in the present art.) 4 اصدرهُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ صَدَرَهُ, (M, K,) and ↓ صدّرهُ, (K,) He caused him to return; sent him, or brought him, back, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, and a country [or place], (S,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) You say, أَصْدَرْنَا رِكَابَنَا We sent, or brought, back our riding-camels satisfied with drink so that it was not necessary for us to remain with them for the sake of the water. (TA.) And أَوْرَدَهُ وَأَصْدَرَهُ He brought it and he took it away. (Har p.

361.) b2: [Hence,] أَوْرَدَ وَأَصْدَرَ (tropical:) He began and completed. (TA.) You say, إِذَا أَوْرَدَ أَمْرًا أَصْدَرَهُ (tropical:) When he begins a thing, or an affair, he completes it. (A.) And فُلَانٌ يُورِدُ وَلَا يُصْدِرُ (tropical:) Such a one begins and does not complete. (A.) b3: and اصدر القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) [He issued forth the saying; made it to issue, proceed, or emanate, عَنْهُ from him]. (Msb. [See 1.]) [And اصدر عَنْهُ الفِعْلَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, made the action to proceed from him.]5 تصدّر He [a man, TA) erected his chest in sitting. (M, K.) b2: (tropical:) He [a horse) outreached the other horses with his chest; (M, K, * TA;) as also ↓ صدّر, (S, * M, MA, K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ: the latter verb is afterwards expl. in the K as meaning بَرَزَ بِرَأْسِهِ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Tufeyl says, describing a horse, مِنْ عَرَقٍ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا صَدَّرْنَ سِيدٌ تَمَطَّرَ جِنْحَ اللَّيْلِ مَبْلُولُ

As though he were, after they had outreached with their chests, from a row of [other] horses, [a wolf that had exposed himself to rain during a portion of the night, and had become wetted:] but accord. to one relation, it is ↓ صُدِّرْنَ, meaning their breasts were wetted [مِنْ عَرَقٍ] by reason of sweat: the former reading, however is the better. (S.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) He sat, or became placed or seated, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (S, * K, * TA.) and He became advanced, or promoted. (A.) تصدّر لِأُمُورِ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) [He became advanced to the foremost place for the conducting of the affairs of the people]. (Har p. 194.) 6 تصادروا [app. They returned together from water, &c.]. (A. [This meaning seems to be there indicated by the context.]) b2: And one says, تصادروا عَلَى مَا شَاؤُوا (tropical:) [app. meaning They released one another from being reckoned with, by mutual agreement, on such terms as they would: see 3]. (A.) صَدْرٌ Anything that fronts, or faces, one. (M, K.) b2: And hence, (M,) The صَدْر [i. e. breast, or chest, or bosom,] of a man, [often meaning his mind,] (M, Msb, K,) and of other than man: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: (Lh, S, M, K:) pl. صُدُورٌ, (S, M, Msb,) the only pl. form. (M.) [See also صُدْرَةٌ.] As to the saying of the poet, (S, M,) El-Aashà, (S,) وَتَشْرَقُ بِالقَوْلِ الَّذِى قَدْ أَذَعْتُهُ كَمَا شَرِقَتْ صَدْرُ القَنَاةِ مِنَ الدَّمِ

[And thou becomest, or wilt become, red by reason of the saying that I have published, like as the fore part of the spear becomes red from blood], (S, * M,) he has made صدر fem. because the صدر of the قناة is a part of the قناة; for they [sometimes] make a noun fem. when it is prefixed to a fem. noun: (S:) or if you will, you may say that he has made صدر fem. because he meant [thereby] the قناة; and if you will, you may say that the صدر of a قناة is a قناة. (M.) [Hence,] بَنَاتُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) The spaces between the bones of the breast. (M, TA.) [And also] (assumed tropical:) Anxieties. (T in art. بنى.) And ذَاتُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) What is in the minds. (Ksh and Bd and Jel in iii. 115, &c.) and ضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted. (Msb in art. ضيق. [See the Kur xv. 97 and xxvi. 12.]) And شَرَحَ بِالكُفْرِ صَدْرًا (assumed tropical:) He opened and dilated his bosom, meaning, was pleased, with infidelity. (Jel in xvi. 108.

[See also the similar phrases شَرَحَ اللّٰهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ and لِقَبُولِ الخَيْرِ expl. in art. شرح.]) And اِنْشَرَحَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom became dilated or enlarged [with joy]. (S in art. شرح.) And وَاسِعُ الصَّدْرِ and رَحِيبُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Ample, or dilated, in the breast, or bosom; [meaning free-minded; free from distress of mind; without care: and free from narrowness of mind; liberal, munificent, or generous.] (S and TA in art. رحب.) [and ضَيِّقُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Having the bosom, or mind, strait, or contracted.] And رَجُلٌ بَعِيدُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) A man who is not to be turned, or bent, or inclined. (M.) In the saying هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ مَنْ بِهِ صَدْرٌ إِلَّا

أَنْ يَنْفِثَ [meaning Is he who has the disease of the chest (دَآءُ الصَّدْرِ) able to do without spitting?], if it be correct, the prefixed noun [دآء] is suppressed. (Mgh.) [صَدْرُ الدَّجَاجَةِ, as said by Freytag, is the name of (assumed tropical:) The star γ of Cygnus.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The upper, or uppermost, part of the front of anything. (M, K.) [Hence,] صُدُورُ الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) The higher, or upper, parts, and fronts, or fore parts, of the valley; (M, K;) as also صَدَائِرُهُ, which is pl. of ↓ صَدَارَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ صِدَارَةٌ, (as in a copy of the M,) or ↓ صَادِرَةٌ, (as in the L,) or of ↓ صَدِيرَةٌ. (M, L, K.) And صَدْرُ المَجْلِسِ (assumed tropical:) The upper, or highest, part [or end] of the sitting-room, or sitting-place: (TA:) the elevated part thereof. (Msb.) b4: [(assumed tropical:) The fore part of anything. (assumed tropical:) The prow, or fore part, of a ship.] (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the foot, between the toes and the [protuberant part called the] حِمَارَة. (M.) (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the sandal, before the [hole through which is put the thong called the شِرَاك, i. e. the hole called the] خُرْت. (M.) (tropical:) The part of the arrow that is above the middle, as far as the مراش: (so in a copy of the A: [an evident mistranscription for رَأْس, i. e. head:]) or the part of the arrow that is beyond the middle, as far as the slender part, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is next the head; (M;) so called because it is the fore part when it is shot: (S, Msb, K:) and likewise of the spear [as in the verse cited above in this paragraph]. (M.) يَوْمٌ كَصَدْرِ الرُّمْحِ [lit. (assumed tropical:) A day like the fore part of the spear] means (assumed tropical:) a day of straitness and distress: accord. to Th, it is a day by which war, or battle, is peculiarly distinguished. (M, L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The first, first part, or commencement, of anything; (S, M, K;) even (assumed tropical:) of the day, (M, Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) of the night, and (assumed tropical:) of the winter, and (assumed tropical:) of the summer, and (assumed tropical:) the like, (M,) and (tropical:) of an affair. (A. [See an ex. voce عَجُزٌ.]) (tropical:) The title of a book or writing: and the first part, or commencement, thereof. (TA.) [(assumed tropical:) The first foot of the first hemistich of a verse.] And The first hemistich (altogether) of a verse. (O voce عَجُزٌ.) [And (assumed tropical:) The first verse of a قَصِيدَة.] b6: صَدْرُ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) The wide, or widening, part of the road. (Msb.) b7: صَدْرُ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) The head, or chief, of the people, or party; as also ↓ المَصْدَرُ. (TA.) And hence, صَدْرُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) [The chief of the chiefs; a title applied to the prime minister of the king; and also to the chief judge; app., in the earlier times, to the former;] he who performs the onerous duties of the king, or of the state. (TA.) b8: And (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of a thing. (S, K.) صَدَرٌ a subst. signifying Return, (S, M, Msb, K,) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M,) and a country, (S,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair: (Lth:) as some say, from anything. (M.) Hence, طَوَافُ الصَّدَرِ, (K, TA, in the CK الصَّدْرِ,) i. e. The compassing of the Kaabeh on the occasion of the return of the pilgrims from ' Arafát. (TA.) [Hence also,] الصَّدَرُ The fourth day of the days of the sacrifice [performed by the pilgrims]: (M, K:) so called because the people then return from Mekkeh to their abodes. (M.) [And hence the saying,] تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ لَيْلَةِ الصَّدَرِ I left him as in the night preceding the fourth day of the days of the sacrifice: (A:) or [as in the night preceding the day] when the people return from their pilgrimage; (S;) meaning, (assumed tropical:) possessing nothing. (M.) A2: Also quasi-pl. n. of صَادِرٌ, q. v. (M, K.) صُدْرَةٌ The صَدْر [or breast] (M, K) of a man [or beast]: (TA:) or the prominent part of the upper portion thereof. (T, S, M, K.) b2: Hence, (S,) A certain garment [which covers the breast], (S, M,) well known: (K:) a short shirt: a short دِرْع: and the dim., ↓ صُدَيْرَةٌ, is applied to a short shirt which is worn next the body. (TA.) [In the present day, صُدَيْرِى, which is a corruption of the dim., is applied to A kind of waistcoat; a short vest without sleeves: and its pl. is صُدَيْرِيَات.] See also the next paragraph.

صِدَارٌ A certain garment, of which the head, or upper part, is like the مِقْنَعَة, [covering the head,] and the lower part of which covers the breast (M, K) and the shoulders: (M:) a woman in mourning for the death of her husband or relation used to wear a صدار of wool: (Az:) or i. q. ↓ صُدْرَةٌ [q. v.] and مِجْوَلٌ and أُصْدَةٌ: (IAar:) or a certain garment with which the head and breast are covered, worn by a woman in mourning for her husband: (A:) or a small shirt worn next the body: (S:) or a دِرْع worn next the breast: (As:) or i. q. إِتْبٌ [q. v.]. (T in art. اتب.) It is said in a prov., كُلُّ ذَاتِ صِدَارٍ خَالَةٌ [Every female having a صدار is as a maternal aunt]: i. e., it is incumbent on a man to be jealous for every woman like as he is jealous for his women under covert, or the females of his family whom he is under an obligation to respect and protect. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 310.]) b2: Also A certain mark made with a hot iron upon the breast of a camel. (S.) صَدَارَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Precedence, or priority. (TA.) b2: See also صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صِدَارَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صَدِيرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صُدَيْرَةٌ dim. of صُدْرَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) صَادِرٌ Returning [from water, &c.]; going, or turning, back, or away: (TA:) quasi-pl. n.

↓ صَدَرٌ. (M, K.) b2: [Hence the saying,] مَا لَهُ صَادِرٌ وَلَا وَارِدٌ (tropical:) He has not anything: (M, K:) or he has not a thing nor a people. (Lh, M.) b3: And طَرِيقٌ صَادِرٌ (tropical:) A road, or way, by which people return from water: (S, M, A, K:) opposed to طَرِيقٌ وَارِدٌ. (M, A.) صَادِرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

أَصْدَرُ A man (M) having a large breast, or chest; (M, K, TA;) i. e. having the breast, or chest, or the upper part thereof, prominent; as also ↓ مُصَدَّرٌ. (TA.) A2: الأَصْدَرَانِ Two veins (M, K) that beat, or pulse, (M,) beneath the temples: (M, K:) or the two sides of a man: or the two shoulder-joints: (TA:) the word has no singular. (M.) [Hence the saying,] جَآءَ يَضْرِبُ أَصْدَرَيْهِ; (M, Meyd, K, TA;) and some say أَسْدَرَيْهِ [q. v.], (Meyd, TA,) and this is the original; (Meyd;) and some, أَزْدَرَيْهِ; (Meyd, TA;) a prov.; (M, Meyd, TA;) meaning He came beating [with his hand] his two sides, (TA,) or his two shoulderjoints: (Meyd, TA:) i. e. he came empty [-handed]; (M, Meyd, K, * TA;) not having accomplished the object of his desire: (Meyd:) or he came exulting, or behaving insolently, (Meyd, and Har p. 603,) not knowing where were his أَصْدَرَانِ: so accord. to Yoo: and some say, جَآءَ بَضْرِبُ بِأَصْدَرَيْهِ. (Har.) تَصْدِيرٌ [a subst. like تَذْرِيعٌ and تَنْبِيتٌ] The [fore-girth, i. e. breast-girth, or] girth that is upon the breast of the camel: (S, A: *) [the hind girth, or belly-girth,] that which is next the ثِيل, is called the حَقَب: (S:) or the girth of the camel's saddle (الرَّحْل), and of the [camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (M.) مَصْدَرٌ A place of returning or going back, (S, TA,) or of going, or turning, away [from water, and from a country or place, and (assumed tropical:) from an affair or thing]. (TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) b2: [Hence, مَصْدَرُ أَمْرٍ (tropical:) The way of return from, or of completing, a thing or an affair: opposed to مَوْرِدُهُ.] One says, هُوَ يَعْرِفُ مَوَارِدَ الأُمُورِ وَمَصَادِرَهَا (tropical:) [He knows the ways of betaking himself to things or affairs, and the ways of withdrawing himself from them; or of commencing them and of completing them]. (A.) [See also another ex. in art. رحب, conj. 6.] b3: And hence [also], the مَصَادِر [pl. of مَصْدَر] of verbs: (S, TA:) مَصْدَرٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The root of a word, from which proceed the derivatives of verbs: (Lth, TA:) [in this sense it is a conventional term of grammar and lexicology, not belonging to the classical language; but on account of the importance of understanding its true application in lexicology, it is necessary to give here a full explanation of it: it is, agreeably with its etymology, the source (lit. place) of derivation, accord. to the grammarians of ElBasrah; and is what I term an infinitive noun: it is defined as] a noun signifying, by its original application, an accident as subsisting in, or proceeding from, an agent (as الفَرَحُ [“ the being joyful ”], الضَّرْبُ [“ the act of beating ”], and القُعُودُ [“ the act of sitting ”]), or affecting an object of action, (as الجُنُونُ [“ the being possessed by a jinnee ”]), conformable to its verb, so as to comprise all the letters in that verb, either literally (as in the instances above) or virtually (as in القِتَالُ [“ the act of fighting ”], which wants the ا that is before the ت in the verb, yet wants it as to the letter only, and not virtually, wherefore it is sometimes pronounced as if with the said letter, as in قَاتَلَ قِيتَالًا, but the ا is changed into ى on account of the kesr of the letter before it), or substituting another letter for any of those letters that it wants (as in العِدَةُ [“ the act of promising ”], which wants the و that is in its verb as to the letter and virtually, but has ة substituted for it [by way of compensation]): (from a comparison of definitions &c. in the Expos. of the “ Kitab Hodood en-Nahw ” by the author of the work thus entitled, arts. مصدر and اسم مصدر; the Expos. of the “ Shudhoor edh-Dhahab ” by the author of the work thus entitled, section on the nouns that govern as verbs; I' Ak; &c.:) but the grammarians of El-Koofeh hold that the verb is the root, and that the مصدر is derived from it: (I' Ak p. 148:) some مصادر, moreover, are derived from real (as opposed to ideal) substantives, as التَّحَجُّرُ [“ the becoming stone ”] from الحَجَرُ [“ stone ”]. (Kull p. 327.) The مصدر has the same government as its own verb: it is often, and may be at pleasure, used as an ideal subst. or abstract noun: and it is often employed in the place of an act. or a pass. part. n.: (Kull, &c.:) [when thus used as an epithet, it is employed alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.:] accord. to Zj, every مصدر used as an epithet is for ذُو [or ذَات &c.] followed by the مصدر, and therefore it has no dual nor pl. [nor fem.] form. (TA voce حَرَضٌ.) [It has also other uses, which are expl. in the grammars. Used as a مَصْدَر, it is sometimes made fem.; as it is also when used in the sense of a noun that is properly fem.: see صَرْفٌ, third sentence.] b4: اِسْمُ مَصْدَرٍ, called by some اِسْمٌ لِلْمَصْدَرِ, is a term applied to [(assumed tropical:) A quasi-infinitive noun; i. e.] a noun which is not a مصدر, but which is occasionally used in the place of a مصدر; like as a مصدر is used in the place of an act. part. n., and in that of a pass. part. n.: such as الوُضُوْءُ for التَّوَضُّؤُ [“ the performing of the ablution preparatory to prayer ”], and الغُسْلُ for الاِغْتِسَالُ [“ the washing of oneself ”]; each of which wants somewhat that is in its verb without substituting anything for that which is wanting. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb el-Hodood,” cited above.) This kind of noun the grammarians of El-Koofeh and Baghdád allow to govern as a مصدر; but the grammarians of ElBasrah hold that the noun governed in the accus. case in each of the exs. adduced by the former as confirmatory of their opinion is so governed by a verb understood. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,”

ubi suprà.) It is also applied to A proper name signifying an accident [or attribute]; as فَجَارِ and حَمَادِ, proper names, by original application, for الفَجْرَةُ and المَحْمَدَةُ [“ vice ” and “ praise ”] and the like: and this kind does not govern as a مصدر. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb Hodood enNahw,” ubi suprà; and Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) It is also applied to [what is more properly termed اِسْمٌ لِلْمَعْنَى الحَاصِلِ بِالمَصْدَرِ, by some termed simply حَاصِلٌ بِالمَصْدَرِ, i. e. An ideal substantive, or abstract noun;] a noun applied to signify an accident [or attribute] considered abstractedly [such as صَدَرٌ signifying

“ return; ” and this kind is commonly termed in the lexicons simply an اِسْم as distinguished from a مصدر]. (Kull p. 327.) Some apply it also to what is [properly] termed مَصْدَرٌ مِيمِىٌّ [i. e. A مصدر commencing with an augmentative م], if not of the measure مُفَاعَلَةٌ: but such is really a مَصْدَر. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) And some of the grammarians [and of the lexicographers likewise] apply it to A noun that signifies the instrument [or means] with [or by] which the action signified by a مصدر is performed: as الأُكْلُ [“ food,” as being “ that by means of which the act of eating (الأَكْلُ) is performed ”]. (Kull, ubi suprà.) b5: See also صَدْرٌ, last sentence but two.

مُصْدِرٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v. b2: ] (tropical:) A man who completes things or affairs. (A.) A2: and One of the names of the month جُمَادَى الأُولَى: (M, K:) [ISd says,] I think it to be of the dial. of [the tribe of] 'Ad. (M.) مَصْدَرَةُ القَوْمِ (tropical:) Those who are made to have the precedence, or priority, of the people, or party. (A, TA.) مَصْدَرِىٌّ, as a grammatical term, Of, or relating to, the مَصْدَر. See the particles أَنْ and كَىْ &c.]

مُصَدَّرٌ A man (M) strong in the chest; (S, M, K;) and in like manner a lion, (M, A,) and a wolf: (M:) and the lion; (S, K;) and the wolf; (K;) because they are strong in the chest. (TA.) b2: See also أَصْدَرُ. b3: A horse to whose breast the sweat has reached. (M, K.) b4: A horse, and a sheep or goat, white in the upper part (لَبَّة) of the breast: (M, K:) or (with ة, A) a ewe having a black breast, (M, A, K,) the rest of her being white. (M.) b5: (tropical:) A horse that outreaches others (IAar, M, A, K) with his breast: (TA:) IAar does not mention the breast. (M, TA.) [Accord. to rule, this should be مُصَدِّرٌ, as is shown by a verse cited above: see 5.] b6: (tropical:) An arrow thick in the part called the صَدْر. (M, A, K.) b7: And المُصَدَّرُ is a name applied to (assumed tropical:) The first of the arrows termed غُفْل, (M, K,) which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion [and no fine, in the game called المَيْسِر]; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from a dislike of suspicion [of foul play]. (Lh, M. [See السَّفِيحُ and المَنِيحُ.]) مَصْدُورٌ A man (A &c.) having a complaint of the chest. (S, A, Mgh, Msb.) 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-'Abd-Allah Ibn-'Otbeh, on its being said to him, How long wilt thou utter this poetry? replied, لَا بُدَّ لِلْمَصْدُورِ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْعُلَا To him who has a complaint of the chest, there is no avoiding coughing. (TA. [See also نَفَثَ.]) b2: It is also often used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Grieved, afflicted, or vexed. (TA in art. نفث.)

صهر

1 صَهَرَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. صَهْرٌ, (K,) He melted, or liquefied, a thing, (S, A, K,) such as fat, (A, TA,) and the like; (TA;) as also ↓ اصطهر. (K.) The saying لَأَصْهَرَنَّكَ بِيَمِينٍ مُرَّةٍ app. means (assumed tropical:) I will assuredly melt thee [in the fire of Hell by making thee to swear a bitter oath]: (S:) or (tropical:) I will assuredly make thee to swear a hard oath. (A.) One says also, صَهَرْتُ فُلَانًا بِيَمِينٍ كَاذِبَةٍ تُوْجِبُ لَهُ النَّارَ (assumed tropical:) [I caused such a one to melt, by making him to swear a false oath that would procure for him, as a consequence thereof, the fire of Hell]. (AO.) b2: Also, inf. n. as above, He, or it, burned: he thoroughly cooked with fire. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) It (heat) affected him severely. (A.) and صَهَرَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun affected him severely by its heat, (S, * A, K, * TA,) so that it pained his brain. (TA.) Ibn-Ahmar says, describing the young one of a قَطَاة, (S, O,) which was bearing water to it, (O,) تَرْوِى لَقًى أُلْقِىَ فِى صَفْصَفٍ ↓ تَصْهَرُهُ الشَّمْسُ فَمَا يَنْصَهِرْ i. e. [She bearing water to a castaway, cast upon a plain,] which the sun was melting, [or severely affecting,] and [which did not melt, meaning] which endured the sun's melting it. (S, * O. [In both of my copies of the S, and in the O and TA, the first word is تَرْوِى, as above; not تُرْوِى.]) And you say, صَهَرَ الحَرُّ الحِرْبَآءَ (tropical:) The heat made the chameleon's back to glisten. (TA.) b4: and صَهَرَ خُبْزَهُ He seasoned his bread with صُهَارَة, (Az, A, TA,) i. e. melted fat. (A, TA.) and صَهَرَ رَأْسَهُ He anointed his head with صُهَارَة. (A, K.) And صَهَرَ بَدَنَهُ He anointed his body with صَهِير [which is like صُهَارَة]. (L, TA.) A2: صَهَرَهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He brought, or drew, it (i. e. a thing, O) near, إِلَيْهِ [to him or it]; and so ↓ اصهرهُ. (O, TA.) 3 صَاهَرَهُمْ, (K,) inf. n. مُصَاهَرَةٌ; (TA;) and صاهر فِيهِمْ; and بِهِمْ ↓ اصهر, and إِلَيْهِمْ; He became that kind of relation to them termed صِهْر; (K;) and so أَصْهَرَهُمْ: (Mgh in art. ختن:) or صاهر إِلَيْهِمْ he took to himself a wife from among them; (S, A, Msb;) and so إِلَيْهِمْ ↓ اصهر: (A:) and ↓ اصهر بِهِمْ he connected himself with them, and became, or made himself, an object of inviolable respect, by a covenant of mutual protection, or by relationship, or consanguinity, or by marriage: (IAar, S:) or اصهر بهم he sought to bring himself near to them by the relationship termed صِهْر. (T, TA.) 4 أَصْهَرَ see 3, in three places. b2: One says also, صهر االجَيْشُ لِلْجَيْشِ (tropical:) The army drew near to the [other] army. (A, O, K.) A2: See also 1, last sentence.7 انصهر It (a thing, S, K, such as fat, and the like, TA) became melted, or liquefied. (S, K.) b2: See also 1.8 اصطهر: see 1.

A2: Also (tropical:) His (a chameleon's) back glistened by reason of the heat of the sun; (A, * K;) and so ↓ اصهارّ. (S, K.) b2: And He ate صُهَارَة. (O, K.) 11 إِصْهَاْرَّ see the next preceding paragraph.

صَهْرٌ Roasted, broiled, or fried; syn. مَشْوِىٌّ. (TA.) b2: And Hot; syn. حَارٌّ. (Kr, K.) صِهْرٌ Relationship; nearness with respect to kindred; syn. قَرَابَةٌ: (A, K:) and [affinity; or] the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship consisting in being a father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Mgh, K:) and ↓ صُهُورَةٌ the sacred, or inviolable, tie (حُرْمَة) of relationship by marriage: (A:) Fr makes the former word of the fem. gender. (Sgh, TA.) b2: And A relation, or kinsman, or kinswoman, of a man's wife: (Kh, S, A, Msb:) and of a woman's husband: (A:) or the father or brother or other kinsman of a woman's husband; syn. حَمْءٌ [and حَمٌ &c. (see art. حمو)]: (Kh, As, ISk, Msb:) and the father or brother or other kinsman of a man's wife: (Kh, As, ISk, S, Msb, K:) so accord. to some of the Arabs: (Kh, As, S, Msb:) or none says otherwise, accord. to As, and IAar says the like: (Mgh:) or any relation of a man's wife or of a woman's husband whom it is unlawful to marry; as the father, and brother, and son, and paternal uncle, and maternal uncle: (Az, Msb:) or a man's relation by marriage: and a kinsman of a man's relation by marriage: (A:) or a man who has married among a people: (Lth, Mgh:) and the husband of a man's daughter: and the husband of a man's sister: (IAar, K:) Fr says that, in the Kur xxv. 56, it signifies, a relation whom it is lawful to marry; as the daughter of a paternal uncle, and of a maternal uncle, and the like: and نَسَب in the same, a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: Zj, that the former signifies a relation whom it is unlawful to marry: and the latter, such as is not a صِهْر, of those mentioned in the Kur [iv. 27], from the words “ your mothers are forbidden unto you ” to the words “ and your combining [as your wives] two sisters: ” I'Ab explains نسب and صهر in the former passage of the Kur differently from Fr [altogether], and differently in part from Zj; saying that the former applies to the seven relations first mentioned in iv. 27 in the Kur, and صهر to the remaining six there mentioned and that mentioned in the next preceding verse; [so that it includes a man's foster-mother, who has suckled him; his fostersister, who has been suckled with him; his wife's mother; his step-daughter under his guardianship, born of his wife unto whom he has gone in; his son's wife; his wife's sister combined with that wife; and his father's wife;] and this, says Az, is correct: (Mgh:) in the Kur xxv. 56, it means ذُو صِهْرٍ, whether male or female: (Jel:) or ذَوَاتُ صِهْرٍ: (Bd:) pl. أَصْهَارٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and صُهْرَآءُ; (K;) which latter is extr. (TA.) [صِهْرَةٌ, applied to a female, pl. ضِهَرَاتٌ, is app. postclassical.] b3: And (tropical:) A grave, or sepulchre: (ISd, K:) for they used to bury their daughters alive, and say, “We have married them to the grave: ”

then, in the time of El-Islám, this expression was used, and it was said, نِعْمَ الصِّهْرُ القَبْرُ [An excel-lent son-in-law is the grave]: or it means, correctly, that which supplies the place of the صهر. (ISd.) صِهْرِىٌّ i. q. صِهْرِيجٌ [q. v.]; (K;) a dial. var. of the latter word; signifying A thing like a حَوْض [or watering-trough, or tank]: (S:) accord. to Az, a construction of clay and stones, built between [and across] two narrow branches (مَأْزِمَانِ) of a small water-course (شُعْبَة) of a valley, so that the water is kept back thereby, and they drink from it a long time. (TA.) صَهُورٌ A melter of fat: and a roaster, broiler, or frier: pl. صُهْرٌ. (K.) صَهِيرٌ [i. q. ↓ مَصْهُورٌ as meaning] Melted, or liquefied. (S, K.) [And used also as a subst., in the sense of صُهَارَةٌ.] b2: Also Bread seasoned with صُهَارَة; and so ↓ مَصْهُورٌ. (A, O, TA.) صُهَارَةٌ What is melted (As, K, TA) of fat, (As, TA,) and the like: (TA:) or (TA, in the K “ and ”) any piece of fat, (K, TA,) whether small or large: (TA:) and (tropical:) marrow; syn. نِقْىٌ and مُخٌّ; (K, TA;) which mean the same. (TA.) One says, مَا بِالبَعِيرِ صُهَارَةٌ (tropical:) There is not in the camel any fatness (طِرْقٌ); (ISk, S;) or any marrow. (TA.) صُهُورَةٌ: see صِهْرٌ, first sentence.

صَاهُورٌ The sheath of the moon. (K. [See what is meant thereby voce سَاهُورٌ; of which it is a dial. var. in this sense, and app. in other senses also.]) صَيْهُورٌ A thing (A, O, K, TA) like a منْبَر [or pulpit], of clay, (K, TA,) or of wood, (TA,) for the household utensils of brass (A, O, K, TA) and the like, (O, K,) which are put thereon: (A, O:) but ISd says that it is not of established authority. (TA.) مَصْهُورٌ: see صَهِيرٌ, in two places.

صقع

1 صَقَعَهُ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) aor. ـَ (O, Mgh, K,) inf. n. صَقْعٌ, (O,) He struck him, or beat him: (K:) or he struck [or slapped] him with his expanded hand: (TA:) [like صَفَعَهُ:] or, (S, Mgh, O, K,) as also ↓ صَوْقَعَهُ, (O, K,) he struck him (S, Mgh, O, K) upon his head, (O, K,) or upon his صَوْقَعَة, (S, O,) [i. e.] upon the top of his head: (Mgh:) this last is the primary signification: and hence, metaphorically, he struck him, or beat him, in an unrestricted sense: (Mgh, * O, TA:) and he struck it, namely, a dry, or tough, and solid thing, with a similar thing; as, for instance, a stone with a stone, and the like: or, as some say, he struck it, namely, anything dry, or tough. (TA.) It is said in a trad., respecting Munkidh, صُقِعَ آمَّةً i. e. He was struck on the top of his head: (O:) or he had his head broken so that the wound reached the membrane over his brain. (TA.) b2: One says also, صَقَعَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ (O, K) He threw him down, or prostrated him, on the ground; (K;) [lit.] he smote the ground with him. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) b3: And صَقَعَتْهُ الصَّاقِعَةُ i. q. صَعَقَتْهُ الصَّاعِقَةُ, (S, O, K,) The thunderbolt smote him. (TA.) And صُقِعَ He was smitten by a thunderbolt; i. q. صُعِقَ; of the dial. of Temeem: (O:) and so صَقِعَ; (K, TA;) like صَعِقَ. (TA.) b4: And صَقَعَهُ بِكَىٍّ He branded him, or marked him by cauterizing, upon his head, [or his صَوْقَعَة,] or his face. (O, K.) b5: And صَقَعَ الثَّرِيدَةَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He ate the ثريدة [or mess of crumbled bread with broth] from its صَوْقَعَة [or top, or upper part, or hollow made therein]. (TA. [See also Q. Q. 1.]) A2: صَقْعٌ also signifies The raising of the voice: (O, TA:) and the uttering it by consecutive emissions. (TA.) You say, صَقَعَ بِصَوْتِهِ He raised his voice. (TA.) And hence, (TA,) صَقَعَ said of a cock, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (O,) inf. n. صَقْعٌ and صُقَاعٌ (IDrd, O, K) and صَقِيعٌ, (K,) He [crowed, or] uttered a cry: (IDrd, S, O, K:) and so سَقَعَ. (S.) b2: And, accord. to IAar, The being eloquent in speech, and lighting upon the [proper] meanings. (TA.) b3: صَقَعَ بِضَرْطَةٍ, said of an ass, He emitted a sounding wind from the anus, in a moist and dispersed state. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b4: صَقَعَ البَيْتَ He attached to the tent the rope called صِقَاع [q. v.]. (Az, O, TA.) b5: And صَقَعَ, (S, O, K,) said of a man, (K,) He went away, (S, O, K, TA,) فِى كُلِّ النَّوَاحِى

[in all directions]: (TA:) one says, مَا أَدْرِى أَيْنَ صَقَعَ, (S, O, TA, [but in the second, لَا is put in the place of مَا,]) and بَقَعَ, (TA,) meaning I know not whither he went away: (O, TA:) and the verb is seldom used in this sense without the particle of negation. (TA.) Or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (O,) or so صَقِعَ, (S, TA,) like فَرِحَ, not صَقَعَ, (TA,) He deviated from the way, (S, O, K, TA,) and alighted, or descended and abode, alone, by himself: (TA:) or he deviated from the way of goodness and generosity. (IF, O, K, TA.) And صَقْعٌ signifies The going astray; losing one's way; or becoming lost; and perishing; or dying. (TA. [But I think that this is probably a mistranscription for صَقَعٌ, inf. n. of صَقِعَ.]) You say also, صَقِعَ فُلَانٌ نَحْوَ كَذَا Such a one repaired towards such a thing. (TA.) b6: and صَقِعَتِ البِئْرُ, aor. ـَ (A'Obeyd, S,) inf. n. صَقَعٌ, The well collapsed; or broke down. (A'Obeyd, S, K. *) A3: صَقِعَتْ, (TA,) inf. n. صَقَعٌ, (O, K, TA,) said of horses, and of birds, &c., They became white (O, K, TA) in the [صَوْقَعَة, or] uppermost part of the head, (TA,) or in the middle of the head. (O, K.) b2: And [the inf. n.]

صَقَعٌ, in relation to the head, signifies The being bald: or, as some say, the going away of the hair. (TA.) A4: صُقِعَتِ الأَرْضُ The earth, or ground, became overspread with the صَقِيع [i. e. hoarfrost, or rime]; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أُصْقِعَت; each with damm. (IDrd, K.) 2 صقّع لَهُ, inf. n. تَصْقِيعٌ, He swore to him respecting a thing: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) and so بقّع له, inf. n. تَبْقِيعٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) 4 اصقع He (a man, O, TA) entered upon [a time, or a tract, of] صَقِيع [i. e. hoar-frost, or rime]. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) A2: And اصقع الصَّقِيعُ الأَرْضَ, (K, TA,) and الشَّجَرَ, (O, TA,) The صقيع [or hoar-frost] fell, or lighted, upon the earth, or ground, (K, * TA,) and the trees. (O, TA.) and أُصْقِعَتِ الأَرْضُ: see 1, last sentence. And أُصْقِعَ النَّاسُ The men, or people, became overspread with the صَقِيع. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 صَوْقَعَهُ: see 1, first sentence. b2: صَوْقَعَ الثَّرِيدَةَ He spread evenly the ثريدة [or mess of crumbled bread moistened with broth]. (TA.) صُقْعٌ A district, quarter, or tract, syn. نَاحِيَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) of a country: (Msb:) and a place, region, quarter, tract, or point, towards which a person, or thing, goes, tends, or is directed; syn. جِهَةٌ: and a place of alighting, or of descending and stopping or sojourning or abiding or lodging or settling; or a place of abode or settlement; syn. مَحَلَّةٌ: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَصْقَاعٌ, (O, TA,) and pl. pl. أَصَاقِعُ: (TA:) and صُقْغٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (IJ, TA; and K in art. صقغ.) One says, فُلَانٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ هٰذَا الصُّقْعِ i. e. مِنْ هٰذِهِ النَّاحِيَةِ [Such a one is of the people of this district, &c.]. (S, O.) And هُوَ فِى صُقْعِ بَنِى فُلَانٍ He is in the نَاحِيَة [or district, &c.], and the مَحَلَّة [or place of alighting, &c.], of the sons of such a one. (Msb.) See also مِصْقَعٌ. b2: Also A part, or portion, of the surrounding and inferior sides of a well: pl. أَصْقَاعٌ: but the more approved word is with س. (TA.) صَقَعٌ inf. n. of صَقِعَ. (S, &c.) b2: Also An affection like غَمٌّ, [i. e.] that takes away the breath, (يَأْخُذُ بِالنَّفَسِ, S, O, K, [in the CK, بالنَّفْسِ,]) by reason of the vehemence of the heat. (S, O, K.) صَقِعٌ [Smitten by a thunderbolt: (see its verb, صَقِعَ:) or] smitten as by a thunderbolt from the enemy: so accord. to some: (O, TA:) 'Ows Ibn-Hajar says, أَبَا دُلَيْجَةَ مَنْ لِحَىٍّ مُفْرَدٍ

صَقِعٍ مِنَ الأَعْدَآءِ فِى شَوَّالِ (S, * O, TA, but in the TA أَاَبَا) [which may be rendered O Aboo-Duleyjeh, who is for a solitary tribe, smitten as though by a thunderbolt from the enemies, in Showwál (which was, in the time of the poet, a cold month) ?]: or, accord. to IAar, the meaning here is, in a state of retirement, remote from the enemies; (S, * O;) for when the winter pressed severely upon the man, he used to retire to a distance, lest a guest should alight at his abode; the enemies being the strange guests; and by saying فى شوّال, he means that the cold was in Showwál: (O, TA:) or صَقِعٌ meansabsent and remote, so that one knows not where he is: or that has gone away, and alighted alone, or by himself: (TA:) [pl. صَقْعَى:] see an ex. voce دَقِعٌ.

A2: أَرْضٌ صَقِعَةٌ, (TA,) and ↓ مَصْقُوعَةٌ, Earth, or ground, overspread with the صَقِيع [i. e. hoarfrost, or rime]: (S, Msb, TA:) and in like manner, شَجَرٌ صَقِعٌ, and ↓ مُصْقَعٌ, trees overspread with the صَقِيع. (TA.) صَقْعَةٌ Intenseness of cold; from الصَّقِيعُ [meaning “ hoar-frost,” or “ rime ”]. (TA.) صُقْعَةٌ A whiteness in the middle of the head of a horse and of a bird &c.; (S, O, K;) or in the middle of the head of a black sheep or goat, accord. to Abu-l-Wázi'. (TA.) صَقْعَان Stupid, dull, or wanting in intelligence: but this is a vulgar word. (TA.) صَقَعِىٌّ The first increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) [of sheep, or goats,] when the sun smites (تَصْقَعُ) the heads of the lambs or kids: (Aboo-Nasr, O, K: [in the CK, البُهْمِ is erroneously put for البَهْمِ:]) and some of the Arabs call it the شَمْسِىّ, and the قَيْظِىّ: then is the صَفَرِىّ, after the صَقَعِىّ: (Aboo-Nasr, TA:) it is also expl. as signifying such as is brought forth in the [period called] صَفَرِيَّة: (TA: [but see صَفَرِىٌّ:]) and, (O, K,) accord. to Az, (O,) the young camel that is brought forth in [the time of] the صَقِيع [i. e. hoar-frost, or rime]; which is of the best of the increase [of camels]. (O, K.) صِقَاعٌ A piece of rag with which a woman protects her خِمَار [or muffler] from the oil [in her hair], (S, O, K, TA,) putting it on her head; (TA;) as also ↓ صَوْقَعَةٌ: (K:) or this latter signifies a thing by which the head is protected, such as a turban and a خِمَار and a رِدَآء. (TA.) b2: and The [woman's face-veil termed] بُرْقُع (S, O, K) is sometimes thus called. (S, O.) b3: And A thing with which a she-camel's nose is bound, (S, O, K, TA,) as expl. in art. درج [voce دُرْجَةٌ], (S,) when they desire her to affect her young one or the young one of another: or, accord. to A'Obeyd, a piece of rag with which her eyes are bound; that with which her nose is bound, [or stopped, (see 1 in art. ظأر)] when she is made to affect a young one not her own, being termed غِمَامَةٌ. (TA. [But see دُرْجَةٌ.]) b4: And A mark made with a hot iron upon the قَذَال [or back of the head] of a camel. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b5: And An iron thing that is in the place of [the kind of curb called] the حَكَمَة of the bit. (O, K.) b6: And A thing that is next to the head of the horse, beneath (دُونَ) the larger بُرْقُع. (TA.) b7: The صِقَاع of a tent (خِبَآء) is A rope that is extended from its top, and pulled tight, the two ends of which are tied to two pegs, or stakes, stuck into the ground, when the wind is violent and it is feared that the tent may be thrown down. (O, TA.) صَقِيعٌ The جَلِيد [i. e. hoar-frost, or rime,] that nips, or blasts, (lit. burns, [see أَحْرَقَ,]) the plants, or herbage; (Msb;) what falls from the sky in the night, resembling snow. (S, O, K.) A2: Also A species of زُنْبُور [or hornet]: (O, K:) so says AHát, as having been heard by him from a man of Et-Táïf. (O.) صَاقِعٌ [Deviating from the truth; as is indicated in the TA: and hence,] a liar: (TA:) one says, صَهْ صَاقِعُ i. e. Be silent, O liar. (Yoo, O, K.) صَاقِعَةٌ i. q. صَاعِقَةٌ [i. e. A thunderbolt]: (Fr, S, O, K:) of the dial. of Temeem: pl. صَوَاقِعُ. (TA.) [See also صَاعِقَةٌ.]

صَوْقَعَةٌ The place of the whiteness termed صُقْعَة in the head of a horse and of a bird &c.: (S:) or the middle of the head [in an absolute sense]: (O, K:) or the top, or uppermost part, [of the head, or] of the [cap called] كُمَّة, and of the turban. (O, K, TA: all in art. صفع. [See 1 in that art., where this last meaning is assigned to صَوْفَعَةٌ.]) b2: and A turban [itself]: (O, K:) and any other thing that protects the head: (TA;) accord. to IDrd, a piece of rag which a woman puts upon her head as a protection. (O. See صِقَاعٌ, first sentence.) b3: A piece of rag which is tied upon the top of the [kind of women's camel-vehicle called] هُوْدَج, and which the wind blows about. (TA.) b4: The head [or top] of the [woman's face-veil called]

بُرْقُع. (IAar, TA in this art. and voce شِبَامٌ [q. v.].) b5: The hollow (وَقْبَة) [that is made in the upper part of a dish] of ثَرِيد [or crumbled bread moistened with broth]: (S, O, K, TA:) or the top, or upper part, of ثَرِيد. (TA.) b6: Also The place of a battle in which is much smiting. (IDrd, O, K.) أَصْقَعُ, applied to a horse, and a bird, &c., Having a whiteness in the middle of the head: (S, O, K:) or a horse white in the top of his head: (Mgh:) fem. صَقْعَآءُ, (S, O, K,) applied to an eagle (عُقَاب), (S, O, TA,) and to a female ostrich [&c.]. (TA.) b2: الأَصْقَعُ A certain bird, resembling the عُصْفُور [or sparrow], in the feathers and head of which is a whiteness, found near water; mentioned [in the K] in art. سقع [as with س in the place of ص]: (TA:) accord. to Ktr, (O, TA,) the bird called الصُّفَارِيَةُ [q. v.]: (O, K, TA:) you may form its pl. after the manner of substs. [i. e. saying أَصَاقِعُ], because it is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates; or after the manner of the epithet [i. e. saying صُقْعٌ]. (TA.) b3: Accord. to AHát, الصَّقْعَآءُ signifies A [bird such as is termed] دُخَّلَة [q. v.], of a dingy colour, small, with a yellow head, short in the زِمِكَّى [or tail] and the legs and the neck: (TA:) or, accord. to him, the صَقْعَآء with a yellowness is a دُخَّلَة of a dingy yellow colour, small, short in the زِمِكَّى and the legs and the neck: and all دُخَّل are with the Arabs of the [birds termed] عَصَافِير and حُمَّر: but the صَقْعَآء with a blackness is a دُخَّلَة of a dingy reddish colour, black in the head, and short in the زِمِكَّى and the neck. (O.) b4: الأَصْقَعُ also signifies The forelock of a horse: or the white forelock thereof. (TA.) b5: And الصَّقْعَآءُ, The sun. (S, O, K.) مَصْقَعٌ A place towards which one tends, repairs, or betakes himself. (TA.) مُصْقَعٌ: see صَقِعٌ, last sentence.

خَطِيبٌ مِصْقَعٌ An eloquent speaker or orator or preacher: (S, O, K:) or one loud in voice: (K:) or one who is not impeded in his speech, and who does not reiterate in speech by reason of inability to say what he would, or is not unable to find words to express what he would say: (Katádeh, O, K:) or one who is skilful, and penetrating, or effective, in his speech: (O:) or one who goes into every ↓ صُقْع, i. e. نَاحِيَة, [meaning province,] of speech: (TA in this art. and in art. رقع:) [said to be] from الصَّقْعُ meaning “ the raising of the voice; ” (O, TA; *) or from الصُّقْعُ [expl. above]; or, as some say, from صَقَعَهُ meaning “ he struck him upon his صَوْقَعَة; ” but this last derivation is far-fetched: (TA:) pl. مَصَاقِعُ. (O, TA.) أَرْضٌ مَصْقُوعَةٌ: see صَقِعٌ, last sentence.

صدم

1 صَدَمَهُ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـِ (M, K,) inf. n. صَدْمٌ, (S, M, Mgh, K,) He dashed himself, i. e. his body, (S, Mgh, TA,) against him, (S, TA,) or against it, (S, Mgh, TA,) i. e., a thing: (Mgh:) or he struck it, or knocked it, [or struck or knocked against it,] namely, a hard thing with the like thereof. (M, K.) Hence the saying, الكَلْبُ إِذَا قَتَلَ الصَّيْدَ صَدْمًا لَا يُؤْكَلُ [i. e. When the dog kills the game by dashing himself against it, it shall not be eaten]. (Mgh.) [See also 3.]

b2: And صَدَمَهُ, aor. as above, (Msb,) and so the inf. n., (Mgh, Msb, K,) He pushed, thrust, or repelled, him, or it. (Mgh, Msb, K, TA.) One says, صَدَمْتُ الشَّرَّ بِالشَّرِّ [I repelled evil with evil]. (TA.) b3: And صَدَمَتْهُ حُمَيَّا الكَأْسِ i. e. (tropical:) [The intoxicating influence of the cup of wine] smote him [or attacked him] in his head. (TA.) b4: And صَدَمَهُمْ أَمْرٌ, (M, TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) An event befell them. (M, K, * TA.) b5: and صَدَمَهُ بِالقَوْلِ (assumed tropical:) He silenced him by speech. (Msb.) 3 صادمهُ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. مُصَادَمَةٌ, (TA,) He, or it, dashed against him, or it, being dashed against by him, or it: (S, * PS:) or struck, or knocked, him, or it, being struck, or knocked, by him, or it: (K, * PS:) or pushed, thrust, or repelled, him, or it, being pushed, &c., by him, or it; (K, * TA;) syn. دَافَعَهُ: (TA, and Ham p.

313:) and i. q. سَاكَّهُ [i. e. he struck him, or it; or struck him, or it, vehemently, with a broad thing, or with anything; or slapped him with his hand; being struck, &c., by him]: (Ham ibid.:) [but, like as دَافَعَهُ often signifies the same as دَفَعَهُ, so accord. to Fei,] صَادَمَهُ الحِمَارُ meansصَدَمَهُ [i. e. The ass dashed against him; &c.]. (Msb in art. شتم.) 6 تَصَادَمَا, (S, Mgh,) said of two men running, (Mgh,) and ↓ اِصْطَدَمَا, (S, Mgh, K, K,) said of two horsemen, (Mgh,) and of two stallion [camels], (TA,) They dashed themselves together, each against the other: (S, * TA, PS:) or they struck, or knocked, [against] each other; they collided; (K, * TA;) each of them struck with himself the other: (Mgh:) or both verbs, said of two horsemen, they smote each other, each of them with his weight and his sharpness or vigorousness or valiantness: (Msb:) [or they pushed, thrust, or repelled, each other: (see 1:)] and تصادموا they pushed, pressed, crowded, or thronged, together; or dashed, one against another; (M, K, TA; but in the M, only the inf. n. is mentioned;) like two ships in the sea. (TA.) 8 إِصْتَدَمَ see the next preceding paragraph.

صِدْمٌ The rugged portion of a [stony tract such as is termed] حَرَّة; as also ↓ صِدْمَةٌ. (ISh, TA.) صَدْمَةٌ A single shock, or collision: (KL:) a single impulsion, push, or thrust: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) a vehement befalling of an event. (KL.) It is said in a trad., الصَّبْرُ عِنْدَ الصَّدْمَةِ الأُولَى (S, Msb, TA) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Patience is to be exercised] at the first [shock, or] assault, or attack, of the calamity: (TA:) meaning that patience is the last thing in the case of every misfortune, (S, Msb,) but it is [most] commended, (S,) or is most rewarded, (Msb,) on the occasion of the sharpness, or vehemence, thereof. (S, Msb.) And one says, أَتَيْتُ عَلَى الأَمْرَيْنِ صَدْمَةً وَاحِدَةً [I made an end of the two affairs at one dash, or at one stroke]. (TA.) A2: And A baldness in the side of the forehead; syn. نَزْعَةٌ. (K.) b2: See also الصَّدِمَتَانِ, in two places.

صِدْمَةٌ: see صِدْمٌ.

الصَّدِمَتَانِ (Az, S, M, K) and ↓ الصَّدْمَتَانِ (K) The جَبِينَانِ [or two parts whereof each is termed جَبِين, above the temple, on either side of the forehead]: (K:) or the two sides (Az, S, M, K) of the جَبِين (Az, S, K) or of the جَبِينَانِ: (M:) or, accord. to AA, as is stated in a marginal note in a copy of the S, the correct meaning is the two sides of the forehead. (TA.) b2: And الصدمتان [i. e. الصَّدِمَتَانِ or ↓ الصَّدْمَتَانِ] signifies also The two sides of the valley: as though, by reason of their confronting, they struck each other. (TA.) صُدَامٌ: see what next follows.

صِدَامٌ, (S, K,) or ↓ صُدَامٌ, (M,) asserted by Az to be with damm, (TA,) or the latter is vulgar, (S,) not allowable, (K,) though agreeable with analogy, (S, K,) being like صُدَاعٌ and زُكَامٌ and دُوَارٌ and other terms for diseases, (TA,) A certain disease in the heads of horses or similar beasts: (S, M, K:) or, accord. to ISh, a certain disease that attacks camels, in consequence of which their bellies become affected with acidity, and they relinquish the water, though thirsty, for some days, until they recover or die. (TA.) أَصْدَمُ Bald in the sides of the forehead. (K.) مِصْدَمٌ A man vehement in war, and courageous; or a warrior; or known, experienced warrior; syn. مِحْرَبٌ. (M.) إِبِلٌ مُصَدَّمَةٌ: see what follows.

جَمَلٌ مَصْدُومٌ A camel affected with [the disease termed] صِدَام: and ↓ إِبِلٌ مُصَدَّمَةٌ [camels affected therewith]. (TA.)

سبد

1 سَبڤدَ see what next follows.2 سبّد شَعَرَهُ, (AA, TA,) inf. n. تَسْبِيدٌ, (K, TA,) He shaved off his hair; (AA, K, TA;) as also ↓ سَبَدَهُ, (AA, K,) inf. n. سَبْدٌ; (K, TA;) and ↓ اسبدهُ, (AA, TA,) inf. n. إِسْبَادٌ: (K, TA:) or all signify he shaved off his hair and [so] removed it utterly: and سَبَتَ شَعَرَهُ and سبّتهُ and اسبتهُ also have the former signification accord. to AA: (TA:) [and] تَسْبِيدُ الرَّأْسِ signifies the removing utterly the hair of the head [by shaving]: (S:) or سبّد شَعَرَهُ signifies he shaved off his hair and then left it until it had grown a little: (A'Obeyd, L:) or he removed utterly his hair, making it to be [shaven] close to the skin; (A'Obeyd, M, L;) as also سمّدهُ. (A'Obeyd, L.) b2: And He let the whole of his hair grow ample and long: thus it has two contr. significations. (M.) b3: And تَسْبِيدٌ signifies also The combing, or combing down, or letting down and loosing, and then moistening, and leaving, the hair of the head. (Suleymán Ibn-El-Mugheyreh, L, K. *) b4: and The rendering [one's hair] matted, or compacted, and dusty. (M, L.) b5: And [hence, app., the objective complement being meant to be understood,] The leaving off, or neglecting, the anointing of oneself [or of one's hair], (A'Obeyd, S, K, TA,) and washing: and some say تَسْمِيدٌ, which signifies the same. (A'Obeyd, TA.) A2: تَسْبِيدٌ is also used [intransitively,] as signifying The appearing of the hair of the head: (K:) or the growing after some days: (M:) or سبّد الشَّعَرُ means The hair grew so that its blackness appeared after the shaving. (S, M.) b2: And The coming forth of the down [of a young bird]: (M:) or the appearing of the feathers of a young bird. (K.) You say, سبّد الفَرْخُ The young bird began to show its feathers, or to become fledged. (S.) b3: And The growing of fresh shoots upon, or among, the old portions of the [plant called]

نَصِىّ; as also ↓ إِسْبَادٌ: (K:) you say [of that plant], سبّد and ↓ اسبد: (TA:) or سبّد النَّبَاتُ The plant had heads coming forth, before the spreading thereof. (M.) 4 أَسْبَدَ see 2, in three places; first and last sentences.

سِبْدٌ i. q. دَاهِيَةٌ [as meaning Cunning, or very cunning: and perhaps also as meaning a calamity: pl. أَسْبَادٌ]. (S, M, K.) You say, هُوَ سِبْدُ

أَسْبَادٍ He is cunning, or very cunning, (دَاهٍ, S, M, or دَاهِيَةٌ, K,) in theft, or robbery. (S, M, K.) b2: And [hence, perhaps, or the reverse may be the case,] A wolf: (K:) it occurs, in the accus. case, in a verse, in this sense, (TA,) or in the former sense; (S;) or, as some relate it, the word in this instance is سِيدًا [which has the latter meaning]. (S, TA.) سَبَدٌ Hair [of goats]; syn. شَعَرٌ; (As, S, M;) as also ↓ سَبُّودٌ: (M:) or a small quantity thereof: (K:) or fur [of camels]; syn. وَبَرٌ. (M.) One says, مَا لَهُ سَبَدٌ وَلَا لَبَدٌ (As, S, M, K) He has neither goats' hair nor wool: (As, * S, * M:) or neither camels' fur nor wool: or neither camels' fur nor goats' hair: meaning (tropical:) he has neither goats nor sheep: or (tropical:) neither camels nor sheep: or (tropical:) neither camels nor goats: (M:) or (tropical:) neither little nor much; (As, S, K, TA;) i. e. he has not anything. (TA.) [See also لَبَدٌ.] Hence سَبَدٌ is an appellation for (assumed tropical:) Cattle (مَالٌ). (TA.) Hence also the saying of' Átikeh Bint-Zeyd, لَمْ يَدَعْهُ اللّٰهُ يَمْشِى بِسَبَدْ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) God let him not walk with goats, &c.]; meaning (assumed tropical:) God reduced him to poverty, so that He left not [to him] anything. (Ham p. 495.) b2: Also sing. of أَسْبَادٌ (TA) which signifies Black garments or cloths [app. of goats' hair or of camels' fur]. (K, TA.) b3: أَسْبَادٌ, (K, TA,) as pl. of سَبَدٌ, (TA,) signifies also The heads of the [plant called] نَصِىّ when they first come forth: (K, TA:) or, as pl. of سَبَدٌ, the heads of plants coming forth, before spreading. (M.) b4: And, likewise as pl. of سَبَدٌ, Remains of plants or herbage in a land. (TA.) [See also سَبِدٌ.]

A2: سَبَدٌ also signifies Unluckiness, ill luck, or evil fortune: (M:) or so ↓ سُبَدٌ: (K, TA:) so says Lth, on the authority of ADk. (TA.) سَبِدٌ A remnant of herbage or pasturage. (K.) [See also سَبَدٌ, last sentence but one.]

سُبَدٌ A certain bird, (S, M, K,) having plumage so soft, or smooth, that when two drops of water drop upon it, (S, M, * K,) upon its back, (S, M,) they run off from it; (S, * M, K, * TA;) or such that when a drop of water drops upon its back, it runs [off] (M:) the Arabs liken to it a horse when he sweats: (S:) or a certain bird like the eagle: (TA:) or the male eagle: (M, TA:) or the swallow of the desert (خُطَّاف بَرِّىّ): (As, TA:) or a bird like the خُطَّاف; when water falls upon it, it runs off from it quickly: so says Aboo-Nasr; and so Skr in his Expos. of the poetry of Hudheyl, on the authority of As: (TA:) said by As to be a certain black bird: (so in a marg. note in one of my copies of the S:) pl. سِبْدَانٌ. (S, M.) b2: Also A piece of cloth with which the watering-trough (K, TA) such as is termed مَرْكُوّ [q. v.] (TA) is rendered close, or firm, [in its bottom and sides,] (يُسَدُّ, [in the L يُسْبَدُ, but I know not any apposite meaning of this verb,]) in order that the water may not become turbid: (K:) it is spread therein; and the camels are made to drink [the water] above it. (L.) b3: See also سِبْدَةٌ.

A2: and see سَبَدٌ, last sentence.

سِبْدَةٌ, (M, L,) or ↓ سُبَدٌ, (K,) or both, (TA,) The pubes. (M, L, K.) سَبُّودٌ: see سَبَدٌ, first sentence.

سَبَنْدًى Tall, or long; (K;) in the dial. of Hudheyl: (TA:) and also bold, or daring; (S, M, K;) applied to anything [i. e. to any creature]; (S, K;) of the dial. of Hudheyl: (M:) as also سَبَنْتًى: (S, TA:) or, so applied, bold, or daring, to undertake anything: and the fem. [سَبَنْدَاةٌ, like سَبَنْتَاةٌ,] is said to signify a bold lioness: and a bold-breasted she-camel: and in like manner [the masc. signifies] a bold-breasted he-camel: (M, L:) and, (S, M, L, K,) as also سِبِنْدًى, (M, L,) the leopard; (As, S, M, L, K;) and so سَبَنْتًى, (As, S, L,) or سَبَنْتَاةٌ, which is also applied to a beast of prey [absolutely]: (A Heyth:) or the lion: (M, L:) pl. سَبَانِدُ and سَبَانِدَةٌ: or the meaning of this, or these, [i. e. of the latter pl. or of both, for the pronoun (هِىَ) may relate to the latter or to both,] is idle, and sportful, and vain, or frivolous, persons; (K, TA;) like سَبَادِرَةٌ. (TA.) مُسَبَّدٌ, like مُعَظَّمٌ, (TA,) or ↓ مُسَبِّدٌ, (accord. to a copy of the M,) as meaning (assumed tropical:) Consummate, (M, * TA,) is applied as an epithet to a calamity, دَاهِيَة, (M, TA,) which a poet terms, for the sake of the measure, أَمُّ فَأْرٍ, because it is termed أُمُّ

أَدْرَاصٍ, and دِرْصٌ is applied to a young one of a bitch, and of a she-wolf, and of a she-cat, and of the [species of فَأْر called] جُرَذ, and of the jerboa. (M.) مُسَبِّدٌ [act. part. n. of 2]. It is said of Ibn-'Abbás, قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ مُسَبِّدًا رَأْسُهُ, meaning He came to Mekkeh having his head unanointed and unwashed. (A'Obeyd, S.) A2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

قبل

1 قَبَلَ as syn. with ↓ أَقْبَلَ, q. v.: see أَدْبَرَ, in two places. b2: قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ مَا قَبَلَ مِنْهُ وَمَا دَبَرَ: see دَبَر. b3: قَبِلَ He took, received, or admitted, willingly, or with approbation; he accepted. See قَبُولٌ. b4: قَبِلَتِ النَّعْلُ The sandal had its قِبَال broken. (TA in art. شسع.) 3 قَابَلَهُ He faced, or fronted, or was opposite to or over against, him, or it. (S, * K.) See also ↓ اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ He, or it, corresponded to him, or it. b2: قَابَلَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ [He opposed himself to him]. (TA, art. عرض.) See عَرَضَ لَهُ; and see 4. b3: قَابَلَ كَذَا بِكَذَا He requited such a thing with such a thing; or did, or gave, such a thing in return for such a thing; as good for good, evil for evil, good for evil, or evil for good. (The Lexicons passim.) b4: He counteracted such a thing with such a thing. b5: He compared such a thing &c. b6: قُوبِلَ بِكَذَا It was compensated, or requited, by, or with, such a thing: see an ex. of the part. n. voce غُنْمٌ. b7: قَابَلَ الشَّاة: see دَابَرَ الشاة. b8: فَرَسٌ قُوبِلَ مِنْ آفِقٍ وَآفِقَةٍ A horse that is generous with respect to both parents. (S in art. افق.) 4 أَقْبَلْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ I made it to face the thing: (S, K:) and الشَّىْءَ ↓ قَابَلْتُهُ app. signifies the same: see a verse of El-Aashà voce اِرْتِسَامٌ. b2: أَقْبَلَ بِهِ [He turned it forward; contr. of أَدْبَرَ بِهِ]. (S, K, art. دبر.) b3: أَقْبَلَ He came, facing; (JK, S, * K; *) came forward; came on; advanced; contr. of أَدْبَرَ. (S, K.) b4: أَقْبَلْتُ قِبَلَكَ [not قُبْلَكَ] I advanced, or came, toward thee. Like قَصَدْتُ قَصْدَكَ. (L, art. حرد.) See also Kur, ii. 172. b5: أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ He advanced, or approached, towards him, or it. b6: أَقْبَلَ عَلَى إِنْسَانٍ, as though he desired no other person. (JK.) b7: اقْبَالٌ The advancing of fortune; contr. of إِدْبَارٌ. b8: الإِقْبَالُ فِى الدُّنْيَا [Advance in the world, or in worldly circumstances]. (Mgh in art. جد.) إِقْبَالٌ signifies The being fortunate. (KL.) b9: إِقْبَالٌ i. q. دَوْلَةٌ [Good fortune; &c.; see تامِكُ]: and عِزَّةٌ [might; &c.]. (Kull, p. 64.) b10: أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ He showed favour to him: or, more properly, he presented a favourable aspect to him; or, accord. to general usage, he met him kindly; see بَشَّ لَهُ. b11: أَقْبَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الدُّنْيَا, (A, art. فتح,) The world favoured him. b12: أَقْبَلَ عَلَى شَىْءٍ He set about, or commenced, doing a thing. (K, &c.) b13: See تَصَدَّدَ. b14: أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ He clave to it: and he took to, set about, began, or commenced it; as also عليه ↓ قَبَلَ. (K.) b15: [أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ, and بِالعَصَا, and بِالسَّوْطِ He advanced against him, or set upon him, with the sword, and with the staff or stick, and with the whip.] b16: You say, أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْه بِالسَّوْطِ يَضْرِبُهُ [He advanced against him, or set upon him, with the whip, striking him]. (S in art. حول.) b17: See قَبَلٌ. b18: يُقْبِلُ بِالدَّلْوِ إِلَى البِئْرِ and أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ الَى إِقْبَالٍ: see أَدْبَرَ. b19: أَقْبَل عَلَيْهِ بِالتَّعْنِيفِ: see Har, p. 165 b20: أَقْبِلْ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ [Betake, or apply, thyself to thine own affairs]. (T, voce إِلَى.) b21: دَبَرَتْ لَهُ الرِّيحُ بَعْدَ مَا أَقْبَلَتْ: see دبر. b22: أَقْبَلَ [He recovered, or regained, health;] occurring in the K, as the explanation of ثَابَ جِسْمُهُ. (K, art. ثوب.) أَقْبَلَ بَعْدَ هُزَالٍ. (K, voce حَشَمَ.) b23: أَقْبَلَ, with reference to the slit ear of a she-camel: see أَدْبَرَ. b24: أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ, app. a mistranscription for أَقْلِبْنَا: see ذِمَّةٌ.6 تَقَابَلُوا They faced, or confronted, one another: see S in art. فقح.8 اِقْتَبَلَهُ He began it, or commenced it; namely, an affair; (S, * Mgh, K; *) as also ↓ إِسْتَقْبَلَهُ. (Mgh.) 10 اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ

: see اِسْتَدْبَرَهُ. He faced him, or it. (TA) He turned his face towards him, or it. b2: He came before his face. b3: He went to meet him; he met him, or encountered him. He saw it before him: he looked forward to it: he saw it, or knew it, beforehand. He saw, or knew, at the beginning of it what he did not see, or know, at the end thereof. b4: استقبلهُ بِأَمْرٍ (T, S, K, &c., in art. بده) He met him, or encountered him, with a thing. or an affair, or an action. (TK in art. بده.) b5: استقبلهُ بِمَا يَكْرَهُ (A, K, in art. بكت, &c.) He encountered him with, or, as it often means, he accused him, to his face, of a thing that he disliked, or hated: see بَكَّتَهُ; and the phrases اَلبْهتُ اسْتِقْبَالُكَ أَخَاكَ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ and بِالكَذبِ ↓ قَابَلَهُ, voce بَهَتَهُ; and استقبلهُ بِالحَقِّ, voce قَرَحَهُ; in both senses like لَقِيَهُ بِمَكْرُوهٍ. b6: اِسْتَقْبَلْتُهُ بِكَلَامٍ فِيهِ غِلْظَةٌ [I encountered him, or confronted him, with speech in which was roughness]. (JK, M, TA, art. جبه.) b7: اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ He anticipated it; namely, Ramadán, by fasting before its commencement. (TA.) b8: See 8.

قَبْلُ Before; contr. of بَعْدُ; (S, K, &c.;) an adv. n. of time; and, as some say, of place also; (MF, TA;) and of rank, or station. (TA.) سَقَى إِبِلَهُ قَبَلًا [and بِالقَبَلِ] He poured the water into the trough while his camels were drinking, so that it came upon them: (T, TA:) or قَبَلٌ signifies a man's bringing his camels to water, and drawing the water over their mouths, not having prepared for them aught [thereof] before that: (As, TA:) and سَقَى عَلَى إِبِلِهِ قَبَلًا he poured the water over the mouths of his camels: (M, TA:) and أَقَبْلَ ↓ عَلَى إِبِلِهِ he drew the water over the heads of his camels while they drank, when they had drunk what was in the trough, (Lh, M, TA,) not having prepared it before that: and this is the most severe mode of watering. (Lh, TA.) ee an ex. voce جَبًا, art. جبو and جبى. b2: نَبَلٌ is opposed to دَبَرٌ: see the latter. b3: إِنَّ الحَقَّ بِقَبَلٍ Verily the truth is manifest; where one sees it. (TA, art. عجز.) b4: مِنْ ذِى قَبَلٍ: see مِنْ ذِى عَوْضٍ; and see قِبَلٌ; and أُنُفٌ. b5: إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الشِّعْرَى بِقَبَلٍ الخ: see M, art. دبر.

لَقِيتُهُ قِبَلًا I met him face to face. (JK.) b2: لَا أُكَلِّمُكَ اِلَى عَشْرٍ مِنْ ذِى قِبَلٍ

i. q. ↓ من ذى قَبَلٍ, i. e. [I will not speak to thee until ten nights] in what I [now] begin [of time]: or the latter, until ten [nights] which thou [now] beginnest: and the former, until ten [nights] of the days which thou [now] witnessest, (K, TA,) i. e. beginnest: (TA:) or the latter, of a time [now] begun; or, a future time. (Mgh, Msb.) And أَتَيْتُ قُلَانًا مَنُ ذِى قِبَلٍ

i. q.

آنِفًا. (Lth in T, art. انف.) b3: قِبَلَ Towards. (Bd. ii. 172.) قِبَلُ شَىْءُ What is next to a thing: you say, ذَهَبَ قِبَلَ السُّوقِ [he went to the part next to the market]. (TA.)
لِى قِبَلَهُ مَالٌ I have property in his hands; i. e. due, or owing, to me by him; syn. عِنْدَهُ [q. v.] (K, * TA.) And لَنَا قِبَلَكَ حَاجَةٌ: (S in art. روى &c.:) see رَوِيَّةٌ (and عِنْدَ also). b4: هٰذَا الأَمْرُ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ This thing, or affair, is from him; syn. مَنْ تِلْقَائِهِ and مَنْ لَدُنْهُ, meaning مِنْ عِنْدِهِ. (Lth, TA.) يَتَكَلَّمُ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنْفِهِ [He speaks from (i. e. through) his nose]. (JK and K, voce أَدْغَمُ.) b5: اِنْشَقَّ من قِبَلِ نَفْسِهِ It (a garment) rent of itself. (L, art. صوخ, &c.) قُبُلٌ The front, or fore part. See Kur, xii. 26.

The former or first part: see دَفَئِيٌّ. b2: القُبُلُ The anterior pudendum (فَرْج) [vulva, and vagina,] of a man or woman; (Msb;) opposite of الدُّبُرُ. (S, K.) مَا لَهُ قِبْلَةٌ وَلَا دِبْرَةٌ

, &c.: see دبر.
قَبَلِىٌّ: see دَبَرِىٌّ.

قِبَالُ الشِّبْرِ and الشِّسْعِ: see شِبْرٌ. b2: فُلَانٌ مَا يَدْرِى قِبَالَ الأَمْرِ مَنْ دِبَارِهِ; &c.: see دبر. b3: قبَالٌ of the sandal: see زِمَامٌ.

قَبُولٌ Favourable reception; acceptance; approbation: (KL PS:) love, and approbation, and inclination of the mind. (TA.) عَلَى فُلَانٍ قَبُولٌ [Approbation is bestowed upon such a one;] the mind accepts, or approves, such a one. (S.) b2: قَبُولٌ Goodliness, beauty, grace, comeliness, or pleasingness: and [beauty of] aspect or garb. (K.) [And Acceptableness.

عَلَيْهِ قَبُولٌ may be rendered Upon him, or it, is an appearance of goodliness, &c.]

قَبِيلٌ: see دَبِيرٌ. b2: قَبِيلٌ Kind, species, class, race.

مِنْ قً Of the kind, &c. See قَبِيلَةٌ.

جَآءَ قُبَيْلَ He came a little while ago; syn. آنِفًا. (M in art. انف.)
قُبَالَتَهُ Opposite to, in a position so as to face, him or it. (K, &c.) See حِيَالٌ in art. حول. b2: قُبَالَةٌ The direction, point, place, or tract, in front of a thing; the opposite direction &c.
قَبِيلَةٌ A body of men from one father and mother: and ↓ قَبِيلٌ, without ة, a body of men from several ancestors. (Az in TA, art. سبط.) b2: قَبِيلَةٌ: see شَعْبٌ. b3: A mass of stone or rock at the mouth of a well. (K and TA voce عُقَابٌ, q. v.) See قَابِلٌ.

عَامٌ قَابِلٌ , and ↓ مُقْبِلٌ, signify the same, [A nextcoming year]. (S.) القَابِلَةُ i. q.

اللَّيْلَةُ المُقْبِلَةُ [The next night]. (S, K.) See القُبَاقِبُ. b2: قَابِلٌ لِكَذَا Susceptible of such a thing. b3: قَابِلٌ An arrow that wins [in the game of المَيْسِر]; (TA, art دبر;) contr. of دَابِرٌ, q. v. (S and TA, art. دبر.) b4: قَبَائِل of the head: see شَأْنٌ. b5: and ↓ قَبِيلَة of a helmet: see طِرَاقٌ. b6: قَابِلَةٌ A wife. (TA in art. عزب.) قَابِلِيَّةٌ [The quality of admitting or receiving; susceptibility].

أَقْبَلُ لِلْمَوْعِظَةِ [More, or most, inclined to accept admonition]. (TA, art. رق.]

إِقْبَالَةٌ and its syn. إِقْبَالٌ: see 4; and see إِدْبَارَةٌ.
مُقْبِلٌ

: see قَابِلٌ. b2: [I. q. مُقْتَبَلٌ]. Ex. مَقْبِلَةٌ الرَّحْمِ (K, voce جَوَارِحُ,) and الشَّبَابِ. (TA, ibid.) See مَدْبِرٌ.

ثَغْرٌ بَارِدُ المُقَبَّلٌ [A mouth, or front teeth, cold, or cool, in the part that is kissed]. (A, art. خصر, &c.) المُقَابَلُ مِنَ المَنَازِلِ contr. of المُدَابَرُ, (M, art. دبر, q. v.) b2: مُقَابَلٌ Noble, by the father's and mother's side: (S, K, TA:) see an ex. voce طَابٌ; and see إِزْدَوَجَا. b3: مُقَابَلَةٌ applied to a ewe: see مُدَبَرَةٌ. b4: نَاقَةٌ مُقَابَلَةٌ مُدَابَرَةٌ: see دبر. b5: الجَبْرُ والمُقَابَلَةُ: see جبر. b6: فِى مُقَابَلَةِ كَذَا In comparison with such a thing: see an ex. in art. غين in the Msb.

مُسْتَقْبَلٌ , with fet-h to the ب, Looked forward to, anticipated, begun.

مَسْتَقِبْلُ المَجْدِ

: see مُسْتَدِبْر.