برز

1 بَرَزَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, TA,) inf. n. بُرُوزٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) He (a man, S) went, or came, or passed, out, or forth; he issued. (S, A.) He (a man, TA) went, or came, or passed, out, or forth, into the field, plain, or open tract or country: (K:) or did so to satisfy a want of nature: (TS, TA:) as also, in the former sense, (K,) or in the latter, (S,) ↓ تبرّز; (S, K, TA;) and بَرِزَ; (Sgh, TA;) and so, in the former sense, ↓ برّز inf. n. تَبْرِيزٌ; (Har p. 510;) [and in the latter sense, ↓ بارز accord. to an explanation of its part. n. مُبَارِزٌ in Har p. 566:] or ↓ تبرّز signifies he voided his excrement, or ordure. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, بَرَزَإِلَى القِرْنِ فِى الحَرْبِ He went, or came, out, or forth, into the field to his adversary in battle or war. (TA.) b2: He, or it, (a man, TA, or thing, Msb, or anything, Fr,) appeared, or became apparent, (Fr, Sgh, Msb, K,) after concealment, (Fr, K,) or after obscurity; (Sgh;) as also بَرِزَ (Sgh, K.) b3: [It was, or became, prominent, or projecting: often used in this sense.]

A2: بَرُزَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. بَرَازَةٌ, (Msb,) He (a man) was, or became, such as is termed بَرْزٌ q. v.: (Msb, K:) and in like manner, بَرُزَتْ, inf. n. as above, she (a woman) was, or became, such as is termed بَرْزَةٌ (A.) 2 برّزهُ, (inf. n. تَبْرِيزٌ, S, K,) He made it apparent, manifest, plain, or evident; he showed, or manifested, it; (S, A, K;) namely, a writing, or book, (A,) or other thing; (S, A;) as also ↓ ابرزهُ: (A, Msb:) or الكِتَابَ ↓ ابرز signifies he put forth, or produced, the writing, or book; syn. أَخْرَجَهُ: (TA:) and [as it often signifies in the present day,] published, it; syn. نَشَرَهُ. (K, TA.) [See also 4 below.] It is said in the Kur [xxvi. 91 and lxxix. 36], وَ بُرِّزَتِ الجَحِيمُ, meaning And Hell shall be uncovered. (A.) b2: برّز رَاكِبَهُ He (a horse) saved his rider. (K.) A2: See also 1. b2: [Hence,] برّز الفَرَسُ, (S, Msb,) or برّز عَلَى

الخَيْلِ, (K,) inf. n. تَبْرِيزٌ, (Msb,) The horse outstripped (S, Msb, K) the [other] horses (Msb, K) in the race-ground: (Msb:) it is said of a horse that outstrips in a race: and, accord. to some, the like is said of whatever outstrips: (TA:) and برّز عَلَى الغَايَةِ [He (a horse) passed beyond the goal]. (A.) b3: Hence, برّز فِى العِلْمِ, inf. n. as above, He surpassed, or excelled, his fellows in knowledge. (Msb.) And [simply] برّز He surpassed his companions (S, K) in excellence, or in courage. (K.) And برّز عَلَى أَقْرَانِهِ [He surpassed, or excelled, his fellows, or his opponents]. (A.) A3: See also 4, last signification.3 بارزهُ فِى الحَرْبِ, (A, Msb,* K*) inf. n. مُبَارَزَةٌ and بِرَازٌ (S, A, Msb, K,) He went, or came, out, or forth, in the field, to [encounter] him (i. e. his adversary) in battle, or war. (K,* TA.) A2: See also 1.4 ابرزهُ He made, or caused, him (a man) to go, or come, or pass, out, or forth: (S:) [or to go, or come, or pass, out, or forth, into the field, plain, or open tract or country: (see 1:)] and he made, or caused, it (a thing) to go, or come, or pass, out, or forth; or he put it, or took it, or drew it, out, or forth; syn. أَخْرَجَهُ; as also ↓ استبرزهُ. (K.) See also 2, in two places.

A2: ابرز He determined, resolved, or decided, upon journeying: (IAar, K:) the vulgar say ↓ برّز (TA.) 5 تَبَرَّزَ see 1, in two places.6 هُمَا يَتَبَارَزَانِ They two (meaning two adversaries) go, or come, out, or forth, into the field, each to [encounter] the other, in battle or war. (K,* TA.) b2: تبارزا They both separated themselves, each from his company, and betook themselves each to the other. (K.) 10 إِسْتَبْرَزَ see 4.

بَرْزٌ A man characterized by pleasing or goodly aspect, and by intelligence: fem. with ة: (S, TA:) or a man of open condition or state: (TA:) or pure in disposition; (TA;) abstaining from what is unlawful and indecorous; (S, A, Msb:) of great dignity or estimation: (Msb:) fem. with ة: (A, Msb:) pl. fem. بَرْزَاتٌ: (A:) or, as also ↓ بَرْزِىٌّ a man who abstains from what is unlawful and indecorous, and in whose intelligence, (K,) or, as in some copies of the K, in whose excellence, بِفَضْلِهِ, but this is app. a mistranscription, or, as some say, in whose abstinence from what is unlawful and indecorous, (TA,) and his judgment, confidence is placed: (K:) and بَرْزَةٌ a woman whose good qualities or actions, or whose beauties, are apparent: (K:) or open in her converse; syn. مُتَاجِرَةٌ: or, as in some correct lexicons, disdainful of mean things; syn. مُتَجَالَّةٌ: or of middle age, (كَهْلَةٌ,) who is not veiled or concealed like young women: (TA:) or of great dignity or estimation: (AO, TA:) or who goes or comes forth to people, and with whom they sit, and of whom they talk, and who abstains from what is unlawful and indecorous, and is intelligent: (TA:) or who abstains from what is unlawful and indecorous, and goes or comes forth to men, and talks with them, and is advanced in age beyond those women who are kept concealed: (Mgh, Msb:) or open in her converse, (مُتَجَاهِرَةٌ,) of middle age, (كَهْلَةٌ,) of great dignity or estimation, who goes or comes forth to people, and with whom they sit and talk, and who abstains from what is unlawful and indecorous: (K:) or in whose judgment, and her abstaining from what is unlawful and indecorous, confidence is placed: (TA:) or who does not veil her face from a man and bend her head down towards the ground. (IAar, on the authority of Ibn-EzZubeyr.) بَرْزِىٌّ: see بَرْزٌ بَرَازٌ A field, plain, or wide expanse of land, (S, Msb, K,) without trees; (Msb;) as also ↓ بِرَازٌ; but this latter form is rare: (Msb:) or an open tract of land destitute of herbage and trees and without hills or mountains: (Mgh, Msb:) or a place in which is no covert of trees or other things: (Fr, S:) an open place in which is no covert of trees or other things: (Fr, S:) an open place in which is no covert. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] خَرَجَ إِلَى البَرَازِ (tropical:) He went forth to satisfy a want of nature. (A.) And إِذَا أَرَادَ البَرَازَ أَبْعَدَ (tropical:) [When he desired to satisfy a want of nature, he went far off]: a trad.; respecting which El-Khattábee says that the relaters of traditions err respecting the word, pronouncing it with kesr, for ↓ بِرَازٌ is an inf. n.: but (SM says that) authorities differ as to this point. (TA.) b3: [It is further said,] بَرَازٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) or ↓ بِرَازٌ (S, K,) is metonymically applied to (tropical:) Excrement; human ordure; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) the feces of food. (S.) بِرَازٌ: see بَرَازٌ, in three places.

بَارِزٌ act. part. n. of بَرَزَ [q. v.]. b2: Wholly, or entirely, apparent or manifest. (TA.) b3: أَرْضٌ بَارِزَةٌ Land that is apparent, open, or uncovered, (Bd and Jel in xviii. 45, and TA,) upon which is no mountain nor any other thing, (Jel,) or that has no hill nor mountain nor sand. (TA.) إِبْرِزِىٌّ: see what next follows.

إِبْرِيزٌ (Sh, IAar, A, Msb, K) and ↓ إِبْرِزِىٌّ, (Sh, IAar, K,) the latter of which is incorrectly written in [some of] the copies of the K إِبْرِيزِىٌّ, (TA,) Pure gold: (Sh, Msb, K:) or an ornament of pure gold: (IAar:) the former an arabicized word [app. from the Greek ὄβρυζον, as also the latter]: (Msb:) of the measure إِفْعِيلٌ; the ء and ى being augmentative. (IJ.) مَبْرَزٌ [lit. A place to which one goes forth in the field, or plain, or open tract or country;] a privy, or place where one performs ablution; syn. مُتَوَضَّأْ; (S;) [as also ↓ مُتَبَرَّزٌ, occurring in the TA in art. جوز.]

كِتَابٌ مُبْرَزٌ, (K,) and ↓ مَبْرُوزٌ, (S, Msb, K,) A writing, or book, put forth, or published; syn. مَنْشُورٌ: (S, K:) or made apparent, shown, or manifested: (Msb:) ↓ the latter anomalous; (S, Msb;) being from أَبْرَزَ; (Msb;) and AHát disapproved it; and thought that it might be a mistake for مَزْبُورٌ, meaning “written;” but it [is said that it] occurs in two poems of Lebeed: (S:) in one of these instances, however, for المَبْرُوزُ, some read المُبْرَزُ; and Sgh says that he found not the other instance in the poems of Lebeed: IJ says that ↓ المَبْرُوزٌ is for المَبْرُوزٌ بِهِ. (TA.) You say, ↓ قَدْ أَعْطَوْهُ كِتَابًا مَبْرُوزًا They had given him a writing, or book, published; i. e., مَنْشُورًا. (TA.) مَبْرُوزٌ: see مُبْرَزٌ, throughout.

مُتَبَرَّزٌ: see مَبْرَزٌ.

بطش

1 بَطَشَ بِهِ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and بَطُشَ, (S, Msb, K,) the former of which is that adopted by the seven readers (Msb, TA) in chap. xliv. verse 15 of the Kur, (TA,) inf. n. بَطْشٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He seized him violently; laid violent hands upon him: (S, Msb:) assaulted him: (S:) or he seized him with violence and assault: (A, K:) or he seized him vehemently, in anger: (Mgh:) and he laid hold upon him (Mgh, TA) vehemently, (TA,) in making an assault: (Mgh, TA:) and ↓ أَبْطَشَهُ signifies the same as بَطَشَ بِهِ, (K,) but is rare, occurring in the words [of the Kur xliv. 15], يَوْمَ نُبْطِشُ البَطْشَةَ الكُبْرَى, accord. to the reading of El-Hasan and Ibn-Rejà, [meaning On the day when we make the greatest assault:] or, accord. to AHát, [and Bd says the like,] the meaning is, [on the day when] we give power over them to such as shall assault them [with the great assault; or make to assault with the great assault]. (TA.) b2: Also He took it, namely, anything, or took hold of it, (Lth, K, * TA,) or clung to it, (TA,) strongly. (Lth, K, TA.) In the saying of El-Hulwánee, وَ مَا لَا يَقَعُ عَلَيْهِ العَيْنُ وَ لَا يَبْطِشُهُ الكَفُّ, [meaning And that upon which the eye falls not, and of which the hand does not take hold,] the prep. [بِ] is understood; or the verb is thus used as implying the meaning of الأَخْذُ and التَّنَاوُلُ. (Mgh.) b3: بَطَشَتْ بِهِمْ أَهْوَالُ الدُّنْيَا (tropical:) [The terrors of the world assaulted them]. (A.) b4: بَطَشَتِ اليَدُ The hand worked, wrought, or laboured. (Msb.) b5: فُلَانٌ يَبْطِشُ فِى العِلْمِ بِبَاعٍ بَسِيطٍ (tropical:) [Such a one labours in science with extensive ability]. (A, TA.) b6: بَطَشَ مِنَ الحُمَّى (tropical:) He recovered from the fever, being still weak. (Aboo-Málik, A, * K.) 3 باطشهُ, (S, TA,) inf. n. مُبَاطَشَةٌ (S, K) and بِطَاشٌ, (TA,) He laboured, strove, struggled, contended, or conflicted, with him, to prevail, or overcome; syn. of the inf. n. مُعَالَجَةٌ. (K, TA.) b2: بَاطَشَا, (TK,) inf. n. مُبَاطَشَةٌ, (K,) Each of them two stretched forth his hand towards the other to seize him violently (K, TA) and to assault him quickly. (TA.) 4 أَبْطَشَ see 1, where two meanings are assigned to it.5 الرِّكَابُ تَبَطَّشُ بِأَحْمَالِهَا, [for تَبَطَّشُ,] (tropical:) The travelling-camels walk with slow steps (تَزَحَّفُ [ for تَتَزَحَّفُ]) with their burdens, hardly moving. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, Sgh, K.) بَطْشٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. b2: Also Might, or strength, in war or fight: or courage; valour, or valiantness; prowess: syn. بَأْسٌ. (K.) You say, رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ البَطْشِ [A man of great might, &c.]. (K, * TA.) b3: And Anger. (Har p. 258.) بَطْشَةٌ An assault; a violent seizure. (S.) البَطْشَةُ الكُبْرَى [The greatest assault], in the Kur xliv. 15, is applied to the day of resurrection, or to the battle of Bedr. (Bd.) بَطِيشٌ i. q. شَدِيدُ البَطْشِ; (K;) [see بَطْشٌ;] applied to a man; as also ↓ بَطَّاشٌ. (TA.) بَطَّاشٌ: see بَطِيشٌ.

مَبْطِشٌ, or مَبْطَشٌ, A place of assault, or the like; sing. of مَبَاطِشُ, of which the following is an ex.] سَلَكُوا أَرْضًا بَعِيدَةَ المَسَالِكِ قَرِيبَةَ المَهَالِكِ وَوُقِذُوا بِمَبَاطِشِهَا وَمَا أُنْقِذُوا مِنْ مَعَاطِشِهَا (tropical:) [They traversed a land whereof the roads were farextending, whereof the places of destruction were near, and they were prostrated, or left sick, in its places of assault, and were not saved from its places of thirst]. (A, TA.)

بدع

1 بَدَعَهُ: see 4, in two places.

A2: بَدُعَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَدَاعَةٌ and بُدُوعٌ, He became superlative in his kind; or it became so in its kind; (Ks, K;) in good or in evil. (Ks.) A3: بَدِعَ, aor. ـَ He was, or became, fat. (As, K.) 2 بدّعهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَبْدِيعٌ, (K,) He attributed to him, imputed to him, charged him with, or accused him of, innovation, or what is termed بِدْعَة; expl. by نَسَبَهُ إِلَى البِدْعَةِ [which means نَسَبَ إِلَيْهِ البِدْعَةَ]. (S, K.) 4 ابدعهُ He originated it; invented it; devised it; excogitated it; innovated it; made it, did it, produced it, caused it to be or exist, or brought it into existence, newly, for the first time, it not having been or existed before, and not after the similitude of anything pre-existing; syn. اِخْتَرَعَهُ لَا عَلَى مِثَالٍ, (S,) and اسْتَخْرَجَهُ, and أَحْدَثَهُ, (Msb,) and أَبْدَأَهُ; (K, TA; but in both without the pronoun;) as also ↓ ابتدعه; (Msb;) syn. اِبْتَدَأَهُ, and أَحْدَثَهُ, (Mgh,) and أَنْشَأَهُ, (K,) and بَدَأَهُ; (TA;) and so ↓ بَدَعَهُ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. بَدْعٌ; (TA;) but أَبْدَعَ is more commonly used than بَدَعَ. (TA.) You say, ابدع اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ God created the creation, not after any similitude. (Msb.) And in the Kur [lvii. 27], we find, ↓ وَ رَهْبَانِيَّةً ابْتَدَعُوهَا And monkery which they originated, or innovated. (TA.) And you say, ↓ بَدَعَ الرَّكِيَّةَ, (IDrd, K,) inf. n. بَدْعٌ, (IDrd,) He produced, or fetched out, by his labour in digging, the water of the well; (IDrd, K;) and originated it; or made it to be for the first time, it not having been before. (IDrd.) And ابدع الرَّجُلُ The man introduced an innovation, or what is termed a بِدْعَة; [the object being understood;] as also ↓ ابتدع. (TA.) And ابدع الشَّاعِرُ The poet produced a new saying, or new poetry, not after the similitude of anything preceding. (S, * K, * TA.) b2: ابدعت الرَّاحِلَةُ, (S, K,) or الرِّكَابُ, (Ks, Mgh,) The ridden camel, or travelling camel, became fatigued, or jaded, and broke down, or perished; (Ks, S, Mgh, K;) as though doing a new thing: (Ks, Mgh:) or the former phrase, (K,) followed by بِهِ, (TA,) she limped [with him], halted, or was slightly lame: (K, TA:) or she lay down upon her breast in the road, by reason of emaciation or disease: or she ceased from going on, by reason of fatigue, or of limping, or halting, or slight lameness; as though she did a new and unaccustomed thing: (TA:) or ابداع is not without limping, or halting, or slight lameness, (K, TA,) accord. to certain of the Arabs of the desert; but, says AO, this is not at variance with the explanations given. (TA.) And أُبْدِعَ بِالرَّجُلِ The man's camel which he rode became fatigued, or jaded: (S:) or أُبْدِعَ بِفُلَانٍ (Mgh, K) such a one's camel which he rode ceased from going on, by reason of fatigue or lameness: (Mgh:) or broke down, or perished, (K, TA,) or became fatigued, or jaded, (TA,) and he became unable to prosecute his journey; (K, TA;) and his beast became so fatigued that it was left to remain where it was; or stood still with him. (TA.) [See also أُعْبِدَ بِهِ.] It is said in a proverb, إِذَا طَلَبْتَ البَاطِلَ أُبْدِعَ بِكَ [When thou seekest what is vain, or false, thou wilt be prevented from attaining thine object]. (TA.) b3: أَبْدَعَ فُلَانٌ بِفُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one prevented such a one from attaining his wish, (قَطَعَ بِهِ,) and abstained from aiding, or assisting, him, and did not undertake the accomplishment of his want, (Lh, K, TA,) and was not [at hand] when he thought he would be. (TA.) b4: أَبْدَعَتْ حُجَّتُهُ (tropical:) His argument, or plea, or the like, was, or became, vain, or false, or ineffectual: (Aboo-Sa'eed, K:) or was, or became, weak. (A, TA.) And أُبْدِعَتْ حُجَّتُهُ (tropical:) His argument, or plea, &c., was rendered vain, or ineffectual. (Aboo-Sa'eed, K, * TA.) أَبْدَعَ بِرُّهُ بِشُكْرِى وَفَضْلُهُ وَ إيجَابُهُ بِوَصْفِى (assumed tropical:) [His kindness has crippled my power of thanking, and his bounty, and the obligation which he has imposed, my power of description]: so in the L; but in the O and K, قَصْدُهُ [his intention] is put in the place of فضله; and in the K, وايجابه is omitted: (TA:) said when one thanks another for his beneficence, acknowledging that his thanks are inadequate to his beneficence. (K.) A2: ابدع بِالحَجِّ, and بِالسَّفَرِ, He determined, resolved, or decided, upon pilgrimage, and upon journeying. (TA.) b2: ابدع يَمِينًا He rendered an both binding, or obligatory. (IAar.) A3: ابدعوا بِهِ They beat him, or struck him. (TA.) 5 تبدّع He turned innovator. (O, K.) Ru-beh says, أِنْ كُنْتَ لِلٰهِ التَّقِىَّ الأَطْوَعَا فَلَيْسَ وَجْهَ الحَقِّ أَنْ تَبَدَّعَا [If thou be, towards God, the pious, the very obedient, it is not the right way that thou shouldst turn innovator]. (TA.) 8 إِبْتَدَعَ see 4, in three places.10 استبدعهُ He reckoned it بَدِيع [i. e. new, wonderful, unknown before]. (S, K.) بِدْعٌ i. q. ↓ بَدِيعٌ, q. v., and ↓ مُبْتَدَعٌ; (S;) [but generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; signifying] A novelty; or thing existing for the first time: (K:) and i. q. ↓ بَدِيعٌ and ↓ مُبْتَدِعٌ, a first doer; as though meaning one who has none among his fellows to share, or participate, with him in a thing, or an affair: (Msb:) pl. أَبْدَاعٌ. (Akh, S.) You say, فُلَانٌ بِدْعٌ فِى هٰذا الأَمْرِ, (S, Msb,) i. e. ↓ بَدِيعٌ, (S,) meaning Such a one is the first doer in this affair; the first who has done it. (Msb.) And hence the saying in the Kur [xlvi. 8], قُلْ مَا كُنْتُ بِدْعًا مِنَ الرُّسُلِ (S, Msb, TA) Say thou, I am not the first who has been sent of the apostles: (Msb, TA:) or the meaning is, I am not an innovator among the apostles; inviting you to that to which they do not invite you; or able to do that which they were not able to do: and accord. to one reading, it is ↓ بِدَعًا; as being [a sing. epithet] like قِيَمٌ; or for ذَا بِدَعٍ [in which the latter word is pl. of بِدْعَةٌ]. (Bd.) b2: Applied to a man, (TA,) Superlative (Ks, K) in his kind (Ks) in anything; (K;) in good and in evil; (Ks;) or in knowledge, or courage, or nobility: (K:) fem. with ة: pl. of the mase.

أَبْدَاعٌ [a pl. of pauc., which is also, as is said in the L, applied to women,] and بُدُعٌ [a pl. of mult.]; and pl. of the fem. بِدَعٌ. (K.) ↓ A man liberal in disposition; syn. غَمْرٌ. (IAar, K.) b3: A full body. (K.) بِدَعٌ: see بِدْعٌ. b2: It is also pl. of بِدْعَةٌ, [both as a subst. and] as fem. of بِدْعٌ. (K.) بِدْعَةٌ An innovation; a novelty; anything originated, invented, or innovated; anything made, done, produced, caused to be or exist, or brought into existence, newly, for the first time, it not having been or existed before, and not after the similitude of anything pre-existing: (ISK:) a dissentient state or condition: (Msb:) a subst. from اِبْتِدَاعٌ, like رِفْعَةٌ from اِرْتِفَاعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) and خِلْفَةٌ from اِخْتِلَافٌ: (Mgh:) subsequently and generally applied to an addition, or an impairment, in religion: (Mgh, Msb:) or a novelty, or an innovation, in religion, after the completion [thereof]: (S, K:) or an opinion declining, or swerving, from the right way, and an action, innovated after [the time of] the Prophet: (Lth, K:) or an action at variance with the Sunneh: (KT:) [generally a heretical innovation; or a new heresy: but] there is a بدعة not disapproved, termed بِدْعَةٌ مُبَاحَةٌ [an allowed, or allowable, innovation]; which is that whereof the goodness is attested by some principle in the law, or which is required to prevent some cause of evil; such as the Khaleefeh's seclusion of himself from the promiscuous classes of the people: (Msb:) there are two kinds of بدعة; namely بِدْعَةٌ هُدًى [an innovation of a right kind], and بِدْعَةٌ ضَلَالٍ [an innovation of an erroneous kind]. (IAth.) بَدِيعٌ i. q. بِدْعٌ, which see in three places, (S, Msb,) and ↓ مُبْتَدَعٌ; [i. e. Originated; invented; innovated; made, done, produced, caused to be or exist, or brought into existence, newly, for the first time, not having been or existed before, and not after the similitude of anything pre-existing;] (S, Msb, K;) new; wonderful; unknown before. (TA.) You say, جِئْتَ بِأَمْرٍ بَدِيعٍ Thou hast done a new thing; a wonderful thing; a thing unknown before: and ↓ أَمْرٌ بَادِعٌ signifies the same as أَمْرٌ بَدِيعٌ. (TA.) And جَآءَ بِا لبَدِيعِ, (S,) or أَتَى

بِالبَدَيعِ, (K,) said of a poet, (S, K,) He produced a new saying, or new poetry, not after the similitude of anything preceding. (TA.) And حَبْلٌ بَدشيعٌ A new rope: (AHn:) or a rope begun to be twisted, not being yet a rope, but undone, then spun, then twisted again. (K.) And زِمَامٌ بَدِيعٌ A new nose-rein of a camel. (TA.) And رَكِيَّةٌ بَدِيعٌ A newly-dug well. (TA.) [See also بَدِىْءٌ.] And بَدِيعٌ alone, A skin for wine &c.: (S:) or a new skin for wine &c.: (K:) and a new skin for water or milk: an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant. (TA.) Hence the trad., إِنَّ تِهَامَةَ كَبَدِيعِ العَسَلِ حُلْوٌ أَوَّلُهُ حُلْوٌ

آخِرُهُ [Verily Tihámeh is like the skin, or new skin, of honey: the first part thereof is sweet: the last part thereof is sweet]: (S, K *:) because honey does not change in flavour, whereas milk does change. (S.) b2: Fat; as an epithet: (As, K:) pl. بُدْعٌ. (K.) A2: Also i. q. ↓ مُبْتَدِعٌ [An originator, inventor, or innovator; one who makes, does, produces, causes to be or exist, or brings into existence, newly, for the first time, and not after the similitude of anything pre-existing]: (S, K:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, like قَدِيرٌ in the sense of قَادِرٌ; from بَدَعَ. (TA.) [See also بِدْعٌ.] You say, اَللّٰهُ بَدِيعٌ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ God is the Creator of the heavens and the earth, not after the similitude of anything pre-existing. (Aboo-Is-hák, S. *) And hence البَدِيعُ is a name of God, meaning The Originator of the creation, according to his own will, not after the similitude of anything pre-existing. (TA.) بَدِيعَةٌ A new, and an admirable, or a wonderful, thing; and especially such in speech, or language, in poetry, and in answering, or replying: pl. بَدَائِعُ: see an ex. voce بَدِيهَةٌ.]

بَادِعٌ: see بَدِيعٌ.

مُبْتَدَعٌ: see بِدْعٌ and بَدِيعٌ, each in two places.

مُبْتَدِعٌ: see بِدْعٌ and بَدِيعٌ, each in two places.

بيع

1 بَاعَهُ, (S, Mgh, &c.,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. بَيْعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and مَبِيعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which latter is anomalous, (S,) the regular form being مَبَاعٌ, (S, K,) has two contr. significacations: He sold it: and he bought it: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and ↓ اباعهُ is a dial. var. of the same: (IKtt, Msb:) [but app. only in the former sense:] or this last signifies he offered it for sale; or exposed it to sale: (S, K:) and ↓ ابتاعهُ, as well as بَاعَهُ, signifies he bought it. (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K.) The primary signification of بَيْعٌ is The exchanging, or exchange, of property; or the making an exchange with property; as in the phrases بَيْعٌ رَابِحٌ [an exchange of property bringing gain], and بَيْعٌ خَاسِرٌ [an exchange of property occasioning loss]: and this is a proper signification when it relates to real substances: but it is tropically used to signify the making the contract [of sale and purchase]; because this is the means of giving [and obtaining] possession: [though this signification is what is termed حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفِيَّةٌ, i. e., a sense so common as to be conventionally regarded as proper:] the phrase صَحَّ البَيْعُ, or بَطَلَ, and the like, mean صَفْقَةُ البَيْعِ; [i. e. The contract of sale, or purchase, was valid, or was null;] but the prefixed n. being suppressed, and its complement [alone] used for it, and this being masc., the verb is made masc. (Msb.) بَاعَ [mostly signifies He sold; and] is doubly trans., both by itself and by means of مِنْ prefixed to the second object; (Mgh, Msb;) this prep. being thus used as a corroborative: (Msb:) you say, بَاعَهُ الشَّىْءَ and بَاعَهُ مِنْهُ [He sold to him the thing and He sold it to him]: (Mgh:) and بِعْتُ زَيْدًا الدَّارَ and بِعْتُ مِنْ زَيْدٍ الدَّارَ [I sold to Zeyd the house: (see also an explanation of the phrase اِسْتَبَعْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ: and see بَاعَهُ مِنَ السُّلْطَانِ: to which might be added countless similar instances; for when باع signifies he sold, مِنْ is generally prefixed to the noun or pronoun denoting the person to whom the thing is sold:)] and sometimes لِ is put in the place of مِنْ; so that you say, بِعْتُكَ الشَّىْءَ and بِعْتُهُ لَكَ [I sold to thee the thing and I sold it to thee]; the ل being redundant [when the verb has this meaning, though not when it has the contr. meaning, as will be seen below]. (Msb.) Of the contr. signification we have an ex. in the saying of ElFarezdak, إِنَّ الشَّبَابَ لَرَابِحٌ مَنْ بَاعَهَا وَالشَّيْبُ لَيْسَ لِبَائِعِيهِ تِجَارُ [Verily youthfulness, he who buys it is a gainer; but hoariness, there are no traffickers for its sellers; the part. a. being here from the verb in the former sense]: (S, TA:) and [often in a case in which the verb is followed by ل; as] in بَاعَ لَهُ الشَّىْءَ He bought for him the thing; (Mgh;) [the ل not being redundant when the verb is used in this sense;] and as in the saying of Tarafeh, وَيَأْتِيكَ بالْأَخْبَارِ مَنْ لَمْ تَبِعْ لَهُ بَتَاتًا وَلَمْ تَضْرِبْ لَهُ وَقْتَ مَوْعِدِ [And he will bring thee tidings for whom thou hast not bought travelling-provisions, and for whom thou hast not assigned an appointed time for his bringing them]: (TA:) and in the saying, بَاعَ دُنْيَاهُ بِآخِرَتِهِ (tropical:) [He purchased his enjoyments of the present world at the expense of his enjoyments of the world to come]: (Z, TA:) and [in like manner] you say, زَيْدٌ الدَّارَ ↓ ابتاع, meaning Zeyd bought the house: and لِغَيْرِهِ ↓ ابتاعها He bought it for another person. (Msb.) The verb has this signification, also, in the trad., لَا يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى

بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ [One of you shall not buy in opposition to the buying of his brother when an agreement has been manifested but the contract has not been concluded]; (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb; [but in the S and Msb and by IAth, the trad. is related thus; لَا يَخْطُبِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ وَلَا يَبِعْ عَلَى بَيْعِ

أَخِيهِ; (see art. خطب;)]) as is shown by the relation of Bkh, الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ ↓ لَا يَبْتَاعُ: (Mgh, Msb:) or it may here have the contr. meaning: (IAth:) Az says that the seller and buyer are equal in offence when either of them does thus to another. (TA.) [Similar to this is the saying, لَا يَسُومُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ: see art. سوم. See also بَاعَ عَلَى بَيْعِهِ below, used in a tropical sense.] You say also, بَاعَ عَلَيْهِ القَاضِى, meaning The judge sold against his will; (Mgh;) sold without his consent. (Msb.) b2: The pass. form is بِيعَ [It was sold: and it was bought]: (S, K:) optionally either [thus] with kesr to the ب, or [بُيْعَ] with damm to the ب, (S,) [or rather with a sound between that of damm and that of kesr, which pronunciation is termed إِشْمَامٌ;] and some say بُوعَ; (S, K;) changing the ى into و: and thus in the cases of كِيلَ and قِيلَ and the like: (S:) [but Ibn-Málik requires damm or اشمام in the passive of a verb of which the medial radical is ى, and kesr or اشمام in the passive of a verb of which the medial radical is و, to prevent the mistaking of an active verb for a passive in such cases as بِعْتُ and سُمْتُ: others, however, only prefer what Ibn-Málik absolutely requires in these cases. (See I'Ak p. 131.)] b3: You say also, بَاعَهُ مِنَ السُّلْطَانِ, [lit. He sold him to the Sultán,] meaning (tropical:) he slandered him, or calumniated him, to the Sultán. (K, TA.) b4: And بَاعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى

بَيْعِهِ, [of which the lit. meaning has been shown above,] meaning (tropical:) Such a one superseded him, or occupied his place, in respect of honourable and elevated station or rank, and gained the mastery over him; (K, * TA;) and so حَلَّ بِوَادِيهِ: (TA:) or بَاعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى بَيْعِ فُلَانٍ means (tropical:) such a one gained the mastery over such a one, and wrested from him that which he sought to obtain from him; and is an old proverb, applied by the Arabs to a man who contends with another, and seeks to obtain a thing from him by superior power or force, when he has succeeded in doing as above explained; and similar to it is the saying شَقَّ فُلَانٌ غُبَارَ فُلَانٍ. (El-Mufaddal Ed-Dabbee, TA.) One also says, مَا بَاعَ عَلَى بَيْعِكَ أَحَدٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Not any one has equalled thee. (TA.) A2: بَيْعٌ is also used in the sense of اِنْبِسَاطٌ. (TA in art. بوع.

[See اِنْبَاعَ in that art.]) 3 بَايَعْتُهُ, (S, Mgh, TA,) inf. n. مُبَايَعَةٌ and بِيَاعٌ, (TA,) is from البَيْعُ; and so is ↓ التَّبَايُعُ; (S, TA;) this being syn. with المُبَايَعَةُ. (K, TA.) You say, بَايَعَا and ↓ تَبَايَعَا, meaning They two sold and bought, each with the other: (TK:) and ↓ تَبَايَعْنَا [We sold and bought, one with another]: (Mgh:) and بايعهُ also signifies He bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him. (TA.) [See 1; where a citation from the Msb indicates that this latter is the primary signification accord. to the author of that work.] b2: It is also from البَيْعَةُ; and so is ↓ التَّبَايُعُ: (S, TA: *) المُبَايَعَةُ and ↓ التَّبَايُعُ from البَيْعَةُ signifying The making a covenant, a compact, an engagement, or the like; as though each of the two parties sold what he had to the other, and gave him his own special property, and his obedience, and all that pertained to his case. (TA.) [Hence,] بايع الأَمِيرَ He promised, or swore, allegiance to the prince; making a covenant with him to submit to him the judgment of his own case and of the cases of the Muslims [in general], not to dispute with him in respect of anything thereof, but to obey him in whatever command he might impose upon him, pleasing and displeasing: in doing which, it was usual for the person making this covenant to place his hand in the hand of the prince, in confirmation of the covenant, like as is done by the seller and buyer; wherefore the act was termed بَيْعَةٌ, an inf. n. [of un.] of بَاعَ. (Ibn-Khaldoon, in De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., ii. 256 — 7.) [and hence the phrases, بُويِعَ بِالِخِلَافَةِ and بُويِعَ لَهُ بِالخِلَافَةِ He had the promise, or oath, of allegiance made to him as being Khaleefeh.] Yousay also, بايعهُ عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. مُبَايَعَةٌ, He made a covenant, a compact, an engagement, or the like, with him, respecting it, or to do it: and ↓ تبايعوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ [they made a covenant, &c., respecting, or to do, the thing, or affair]; like as you say أَصْفَقُوا عَلَيْهِ. (TA.) 4 أَبْيَعَ see 1, first sentence.6 تَبَاْيَعَ see 3, throughout.7 إِنْبَيَعَ انباع It was, or became, saleable, or easy of sale; it had an easy, or a ready, sale: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) as though quasi-pass. of بَاعَهُ [and therefore primarily signifying it was, or became, sold, or bought]. (TA.) 8 إِبْتَيَعَ see 1, in four places.10 اِسْتَبَعْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ I asked him to sell the thing to me; expl. by سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ مِنِّى; (S, K; *) for instance, عَبْدَهُ [his slave.] (Mgh.) بَيْعٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. b2: It also signifies The hire, or hiring, of land. (TA.) A2: Also A thing sold, or bought: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) a subst. in this sense: (Mgh, TA:) pl. بُيُوعٌ: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) which is also used as a pl. of the inf. n., to signify Kinds of selling and buying. (Mgh.) See also بِيَاعَةٌ.

بَيْعَةٌ [inf. n. of un. of بَاعَ. b2: Hence,] A striking together of the hands of two contracting parties in token of the ratification of a sale. (Msb, TA.) b3: And [hence,] The act of مُبَايَعَة [or promising, or swearing, allegiance and obedience, as explained above, (see 3,)] and submission, or obedience. (Msb, TA.) Whence, أَيْمَانُ البَيْعَةِ [The oaths of allegiance and obedience]; (Ibn-Khaldoon, in De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., ii. 257; and Msb;) which the Khaleefehs exacted; (Ibn-Khaldoon;) and which El-Hajjáj appointed, including hard, or difficult, matters, relating to divorce and emancipation and fasting and the like. (Msb.) بِيعَةٌ A mode, or manner, of selling or buying. (S, Mgh, K.) Hence, صَاحِبُ بِيعَةٍ [A person occupying himself in any kind of selling or buying]: occurring in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar. (Mgh, TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَحَسَنُ البِيعَةِ [Verily he is good in the manner of selling or buying]. (S, Mgh, TA.) A2: [A Christian church;] a place of worship (K) pertaining to the Christians: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or, as some say, a synagogue of the Jews: (TA:) pl. بِيَعٌ, (K, TA,) or بِيْعٌ. (Msb: [but this I think a mistake: if correct, it is a coll. gen. n.]) بَيُوعٌ: see بَيِّعٌ.

بَيَاعَةٌ An article of merchandise; (Lth, S, K;) as also ↓ بَيْعٌ [q. v. suprà]: (Mgh:) pl. of the former بِيَاعَاتٌ. (K.) بَيِّعٌ: see بَائِعٌ, in five places. b2: Also A man who sells, or buys, well; and so ↓ بَيُوعٌ: fem. of the former with ة: pl. mase. بَيِّعُونَ, and pl. fem.

بَيِّعَاتٌ; neither the masc. nor the fem. having a broken pl. (TA.) بَيَّاعٌ A man who sells, or buys, much. (TA.) بَائِعٌ Selling, or a seller: and buying, or a buyer: (Msb, K, * TA:) as also ↓ بَيِّعٌ: (K:) the former signification is the more obvious when بائع is used without restriction: (Msb:) and ↓ بَيِّعٌ also signifies [accord. to some] a bargainer, or chafferer; (K, TA;) not a seller nor a buyer; but Esh-Sháfi'ee and Az deny that this epithet is applied to a man before he has concluded the contract: (L, TA:) the pl. of بائع is بَاعَةٌ: (ISd, K:) and the pl. of ↓ بيّع is بِيَعَآءُ [or rather this is a quasi-pl. n.] and أَبْيعَآءُ: (K:) and Kr holds that بَاعَةٌ is pl. of بيّع. (TA.) ↓ البَيِّعَانِ signifies The seller and the buyer; (S, Mgh;) and so ↓ المُتَبَايِعَانِ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., بِالخِيَارِ مَا ↓ البَيِّعَانِ لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا, and in another, ↓ المُتَبَايِعَانِ, [The seller and the buyer have the option of cancelling the contract as long as they have not separated.] (TA.) b2: اِمْرَأَةٌ بَائِعٌ (tropical:) A woman who easily obtains a suitor; or who is much in demand; by reason of her beauty: (K, TA:) as though she sold herself: like نَاقَةٌ تَاجِرَةٌ. (Z, TA.) مَبِيعٌ Sold: and bought: as also ↓ مَبْيُوعٌ: (S, K:) in the latter sense syn. with ↓ مُبْتَاعٌ. (Msb.) Kh says that the letter suppressed in مَبِيعٌ is the و of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, because it is augmentative: but Akh says that the letter suppressed is the medial radical; for when they made the ى quiescent, they transferred its vowel to the letter before it, so that it became madmoomeh, [the word thus being altered to مَبُيْوعٌ,] then they changed the dammeh into kesreh because of the ى after it, then the ى was suppressed, and the و was changed into ى, like the و of مِيزَانٌ, because of the kesreh: accord. to El-Mázinee, each of these sayings is good; but that of Akh is the more agreeable with analogy. (S.) مَبْيُوعٌ: see مَبِيعٌ.

مُبْتَاعٌ: see مَبِيعٌ.

مُتَبَايِعٌ: see بَائِعٌ, in two places.

بدل

1 بَدَلَ, inf. n. بَدَالٌ: see 2, in three places.2 تَبْدِيلٌ properly signifies [The changing, or altering, a thing; or] the changing, or altering, the form, or fashion, or semblance, or the quality, or condition, [of a thing,] to another form, &c., while the substance remains the same; (Th, T, TA;) or the changing a thing from its state, or condition; (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA;) or the changing a thing without substitution: (S:) but the Arabs have used it also in the sense of ↓ إِبْدَالٌ, (Mbr, T, TA,) which signifies [the changing a thing by substitution; exchanging it; replacing it with another thing; or] the removing, or displacing, the substance [of a thing], and introducing anew another substance. (Th, T, TA.) You say, بَدَّلْتُهُ, inf. n. تَبْدِيلٌ, (M, * Msb, K,) meaning I changed it, or altered it; (M, K) or I changed, or altered, the form, or fashion, or semblance, or the quality, or condition, of it; (Msb;) as in the phrase, بَدَّلْتُ الخَاتَمَ بِالحَلْقَةِ [I changed, or altered, the signet-ring into the simple ring], said when one has melted the former and made of it a simple ring; (Fr, T, TA;) and بَدَّلَ اللّٰهُ السَّيِئَّاتِ حَسَنَاتٍ [God changed the evil deeds into good deeds]; the verb being doubly trans. by itself because it has the meaning of جَعَلَ and صَيَّرَ. (Msb. [But see what follows.]) ↓ أَبْدَلْتُهُ بِكَذَا, [in the S, أَبْدَلْتُ الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ, without explanation,] inf. n. إِبْدَالٌ, [I changed it by substituting for it such a thing, or exchanged it for such a thing, or replaced it with such a thing,] is said when one has removed the first, and put the second in its place; (Msb;) as in the phrase, أَبْدَلْتُ الخَاتَمَ بِالحَلْقَةِ [I changed the signet-ring by substituting for it the simple ring; exchanged the signet-ring for the simple ring; or replaced the signet-ring with the simple ring]; said when one removes the one, and puts the other in its place: (Fr, T, TA:) and this verb is also made doubly trans. by itself, like بَدَّلْتُ, (Msb,) which is used in the sense of أَبْدَلْتُ [as shown above]; (Mbr, T, TA;) for instance, where it is said, [in the Kur lxvi. 5,] عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِنْ طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُ

أَزْوَجًا خَيْرًا مِنْكُنَّ [May-be, his Lord, if he divorce you, will give him in exchange wives better than you]; accord to one reading, يُبَدِّلَهُ (Msb.) An ex. of the latter of these two verbs in the sense of the former is the saying in the Kur [xxv. 70], يُبَدِّلُ اللّٰهُ سَيِّآتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ [God will change their evil deeds by substituting for them good deeds]; i. e. will cancel the evil deeds and put in their place good deeds: but in the saying in the Kur [iv. 59], كُلَّمَا نَضِجَتْ جُلُودُهُمْ بَدَّلْنَاهُمْ جُلُودًا غَيْرَهَا [Whenever their skins are thoroughly burned, we will change the condition thereof to them into the condition of other skins], the meaning is, that the first condition of their skins shall be restored; so that the substance is one, but the condition is different. (Mbr, T, TA.) You say also, بَدَّلَهُ اللّٰهُ مَنَ الخَوْفِ أَمْنًا [God gave him in exchange for fear, or in lieu of fear, security]. (S.) [and بَدَّلَهُ بِهِ كَذَا He gave him in exchange for it, or in lieu of it, such a thing: see Kur xxxiv. 15.

And بدّل مَكَانَهُ كَذَا He gave in exchange for it, or in lieu of it, such a thing: see Kur vii. 93 and xvi. 103.] بَدَّلَ حُسْنًا بَعْدَ سُوْءٍ, in the Kur [xxvii. 11], means He hath done good [by way of exchange after evil]; i. e., repented; (Jel;) or بَدَّلَ ذَنْبُهُ بِالتَوْبَةِ [hath exchanged his sin for repentance]. (Bd.) تَبْدِيلٌ and ↓ إِبْدَالٌ both signify The act of exchanging [a thing for another thing]; or making [a thing] to be a substitute [for another thing]; (KL, PS;) and so does ↓ بَدَالٌ. (KL.) You say, بدّل الشَّىْءَ مِنَ الشَىْءِ, (M, K, *) and مِنْهُ ↓ ابدلهُ, i. e. اِتَّخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدلًا [here meaning He exchanged the thing for the thing; or, more literally, he made the thing a substitute for the thing]. (M, K. [In the text of the former of these, as given in the TT, instead of اِتَّخَذَهُ, I find تَخِذَ (a dial. var. of اِتَّخَذَ) without the affixed pronoun, which is meant to be understood or is omitted inadvertently by the transcriber: and here it should be observed, that the explanation which I have rendered as above admits of another meaning, namely, أَخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدَلًا

“he took it as a substitute for it:” in the M, immediately before, أَخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدَلًا is given as the explanation of the phrases تبدّل الشَّىْءَ and بِالشَّىْءِ, and استبدلهُ and بِهِ: see 10.]) You say also, الثَّوْبَ بِغَيْرِهِ ↓ بَدَلْتُ, aor. ـُ [inf. n. بَدَالٌ, mentioned and explained above, I exchanged the garment, or piece of cloth, for another; or made it to be a substitute for another;] and ↓ اِسْتَبْدَلْتُهُ بِغَيْرِهِ signifies the same. (Msb. [But the latter phrase has more frequently another meaning, explained below: see 10.]) [↓ ابدلهُ in the phrases ابدلهُ كَذَا as meaning He changed it into, or substituted for it, such a thing, and ابدلهُ مِنْ كَذَا as meaning he changed it from, or substituted it for, such a thing, is more common than بدّله, which is used in the same sense; as ↓ بَدَلَهُ is also; for] AO applies the term ↓ مَبْدُولٌ [in lieu of the more common term ↓ مُبْدَلٌ] to a letter that is changed from another letter, as in مَدَهْتُهُ for مَدَحْتُهُ; and this shows that بَدَلْتُ is trans. [and signifies I changed, &c.]. (Az, TA.) 3 مُبَادَلَةٌ and ↓ تَبَادَلٌ signify the same, (S,) namely, The act of exchanging with another or others. (PS.) You say, بادلهُ, inf. n. مُبَادَلَةٌ and بِدَالٌ [in the CK erroneously written with fet-h to the ب], He exchanged, or made an exchange, with him; or] he gave him the like of that which he took, or received, from him; (IDrd, * M, K;) for instance, a garment, or piece of cloth, in the place of another; (Lth, T, Msb, * in explanation of the former inf. n.;) and a brother in the place of a brother. (Lth, T.) And ↓ تَبَادَلَا They exchanged, or made an exchange, each with the other; or each gave to the other the like of that which he took, or received, from him. (TA.) نُبَادِلُهْ, ending a verse of El-Kulákh, means for whom we would take a substitute: El-Marzookee says, it is for نُبَادِلُ بِهِ النَّاسَ [for whom we would make an exchange with the people]; the preposition being suppressed. (Ham p. 465.) 4 ابدلهُ, inf. n. إِبْدَالٌ: see 2, in five places.5 تبدّل It (a thing, M) became changed, or altered. (M, K.) b2: In the saying of the rájiz, فَبُدِّلَتْ وَالدَّهْرُ ذُو تَبَدُّلِ the meaning is, ذو تَبْدِيل [i. e. the meaning of the whole is, And, or but, she was changed, or altered; for time has the property of changing, or altering]. (M.) A2: See also 10, in three places.6 تَبَاْدَلَ see 3, in two places.10 استبدل الشَّىْءَ and بِالشَّىْءِ, and ↓ تبدّلهُ and بِهِ, (M, K, *) He took a substitute, or a thing in exchange, for the thing. (M.) You say, استبدل الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ, and بِهِ ↓ تبدّلهُ, He took the thing [as a substitute, or in exchange, for another; or] in the place of another. (S.) And استبدل ثَوْبًا مَكَانَ ثَوْبٍ [He took a garment, or piece of cloth, in the place, or in lieu, of a garment, &c.]; and أَخًا مَكَانَ أَخٍ [a brother in the place, or in lieu, of a brother]. (Lth, T.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 58], أَتَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِى هُوَ أَدْنَى بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ Will ye take in exchange that which is worse for that which is better? (Jel. [See also other exs. in the Kur ix. 39 and xlvii. last verse.]) and الكُفْرَ بِالْإِيمَانِ ↓ مَنْ يَتَبَدَّلِ [Whoso adopteth infidelity in lieu of faith]. (Kur ii. 102. [See also other exs. in the Kur iv. 2 and xxxiii. 52.]) b2: See also 2, last sentence but one.

بِدْلٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

بَدَلٌ and ↓ بِدْلٌ, (Fr, T, S, M, Msb, K,) like مَثَلٌ and مِثْلٌ, and شَبَهٌ and شِبْهٌ, (Fr, T, S,) and نَكَلٌ and نِكَلٌ, the only other instances of the kind, i. e. of words of both these measures, that have been heard, accord. to AO, (S, TA, [but in one copy of the S, I find A'Obeyd,]) and ↓ بَدِيلٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) all signify the same; (S, M, Msb, K;) namely, A substitute; a thing given, or received, or put, or done, instead of, in place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, another thing; a compensation; syn. خَلَفٌ, (M, K,) and عِوَضٌ: (Kull:) بَدَلُ الشَّىْءِ [and البَدَلُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ] and ↓ بِدْلُهُ ↓ بَدِيلُهُ meaning الخَلَفُ مِنْهُ [the substitute for the thing; &c.]; (M, K;) i. e., another thing: (S:) pl. أَبْدَالٌ, (IDrd, Msb, K,) which, as pl. of ↓ بَدِيلٌ, has few parallels. (IDrd, TA.) Sb says, [making a distinction between بَدَلٌ and ↓ بَدِيلٌ,] you say, إِنَّ بَدَلَكَ زَيْدٌ, i. e. Verily Zeyd is in thy place: but if you put بَدَل in the place of بَدِيلِ, you say, إِنَّ بَدَلَكَ زَيْدٌ, i. e. ↓ إِنَّ بِدَيلَكَ زَيْدٌ [Verily thy substitute is Zeyd]: and a man says to another, Go thou with such a one; and he replies, مَعِىَ رَجُلٌ بَدَلُهُ, i. e. With me is a man who stands in his stead, and is in his place, or who will stand &c. (M.) You say also, بَلَ كَذَا [and بَدَلًا مِنْ كَذَا], meaning Instead of, in the place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, such a thing. (Kull.) [And بَدَلَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا Instead of thy doing thus.] b2: الأَبْدَالُ (IDrd, S, M, K, &c.) and البُدَلَآءُ (TA) [The Substitutes, or Lieutenants;] certain righteous persons, of whom the world is never destitute; when one dies, God substituting another in his place: (S:) certain persons by means of whom God rules the earth; (M, K;) consisting of seventy men, (IDrd, M, K,) according to their assertion, of whom the earth is never destitute; (IDrd, TA;) forty of whom are in Syria, and thirty in the other countries; (IDrd, M, K;) none of them dying without another's supplying his place, (M, K,) from the rest of mankind; (K;) and therefore they are named ابدال: (M:) accord. to Abu-lBakà, as stated by El-Munáwee, it seems that they meant [by this appellation] the substitutes and successors of the prophets; and accord. to some, they were seven, neither more nor fewer, by means of whom God takes care of the seven climates; one being successor of Abraham (ElKhaleel), and to him pertains the first climate; the second, of Moses (El-Keleem); the third, of Aaron; the fourth, of Idrees; the fifth, of Joseph; the sixth, of Jesus; and the seventh, of Adam: (TA: [in which is also mentioned a treatise denying their existence, and disapproving of the assertion that by means of them God takes care of the earth:]) the sing. is بَدَلٌ and ↓ بِدْلٌ, (T,) or ↓ بَدِيلٌ. (IDrd, S.) b3: حُرُوفُ البَدَلِ (M, K) The letters of substitution; those which are substituted for other letters; not those which are substituted in consequence of idghám. (M.) [The letters included under this appellation differ accord. to different authors: see De Sacy's Gram. Ar.

2nd ed. i. 33.] b4: ↓ بِدْلٌ (Kr, M, K) and بَدَلٌ (M, K,) applied to a man, also signify Generous, and noble: (Kr, * M, K:) and used in these senses, [says ISd,] they are, in my opinion, not devoid of implication of the meaning of a substitute: (M:) the pl. is أَبْدَالٌ (M, K.) بَدِيلٌ: see بَدَلٌ, in six places بَدَّالٌ A seller of eatables (A Heyth, T, K) of every kind: thus he is called by the Arabs; (A Heyth, T;) because he changes one sale for another; selling one thing to-day and another to-morrow: (AHát, TA:) the vulgar say, بَقَّالٌ. (A Heyth, T, K.) b2: Also One who has no more property than is sufficient for his purchasing one thing, and who, when he sells this, buys another thing in exchange for it. (TA in art. جدل.) [Hence,] هٰذَا رَأْىُ الجَدَّالِينَ وَالبَدَّالِينَ is a phrase used as meaning This is flimsy opinion. (TA in the present art. and in art. جدل, [but in the latter without the و,] on the authority of AHeyth.) مُبْدَلٌ: see 2.

مَبْدَلٌ: see 2.

بله

1 بَلِهَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. بَلَهٌ, (S, * Msb, K, * TA,) [and irregularly بَلَاهَةٌ and بُلَهْنِيَةٌ, (see بَلَهٌ, below,)] He was, or became, أَبْلَه [q. v.]; as also ↓ تبلّه; (S, K;) and ↓ ابتله: (TA:) or he was, or became, weak in intellect. (Msb.) b2: Also He was unable to adduce his argument, proof, or evidence, (K, TA,) by reason of his heedlessness, and his smallness, or lack, of discrimination. (TA.) 3 مُبَالَهَةٌ The showing stupidity [in an action or in one's actions, i. e. the acting stupidly,] with any one. (KL.) [You say, بالههُ He acted stupidly, or in the manner of him who is termed أَبْلَه, with him.]4 ابلههُ He found him, or knew him by experience, to be أَبْلَه [q. v.]. (K.) 5 تبلّه: see 1. b2: And see 6. b3: Also (tropical:) He journeyed, or proceeded, or pursued his way, without any sign of the road, or any track, to guide him, (Az, K, TA,) without following the right course, (Az, TA,) and without asking [to be directed]. (K, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) He prosecuted a search after a stray, or lost, beast. (JK, K.) 6 تباله He feigned بَلَه, or the attribute denoted by the term أَبْلَه: (S:) or he made use of that attribute [as a mask]; i . q. اِسْتَعْمَلَ البَلَهَ; as also ↓ تبلّه. (K.) 8 إِبْتَلَهَ see 1.

بَلْهَ is an indecl. word with fet-h for its termination, like كَيْفَ, and means دَعْ [Let alone, or say nothing of]; (S;) [i. e.] it is a noun for دَعْ; indecl.; (Mughnee, K;) a verbal noun, meaning دَعْ and أُتْرُكْ; (IAth, TA;) and the noun that follows it, when it is thus used, is in the accus. case; (Mughnee, K;) i. e. it is indecl., with fet-h for its termination, when the noun following it is in the accus. case; so that you say, بَلْهَ زَيْدًا [Let alone Zeyd, or say nothing of Zeyd]; like as you say, رُوَيْدَ زَيْدًا: (IB, TA:) and it is also an inf. n. in the sense of التَّرْكُ; likewise with fet-h for its termination, but decl.; and when it is thus used, the noun that follows it is in the gen. case; (Mughnee, K;) or it is put in the place of an inf. n., meaning تَرْكَ [which is virtually the same as اُتْرُكْ and دَعْ], and is prefixed to a noun in the gen. case; so that you say, بَلْهَ زَيْدٍ, i. e. تَرْكَ زَيْدٍ [which is virtually the same as بَلْهَ زَيْدًا explained above; for تَرْكَ زَيْدٍ is originally اُتْرُكْ زَيْدًا تَرْكًا, like as فَضَرْبَ الرِّقَابِ in the Kur xlvii. 4 is originally فاضْرِبُوا الرِّقَابَ ضَرْبًا]; (IAth, TA;) for in this case it cannot be regarded as a verbal noun, since verbal nouns are not prefixed to other nouns, governed by them in the gen. case: (IB, TA:) and it is also a noun syn. with كَيْفَ [How?]; likewise with fet-h for its termination, indecl.; and when it is thus used, the noun that follows it is in the nom. case. (Mughnee, K.) A poet says, describing swords, (S, Mughnee,) namely, Kaab Ibn-Málik, (S,) تَذَرُ الجَمَاجِمَ ضَاحِيًا هَامَتُهَا بَلْهَ الأَكُفَّ كَأَنَّهَا لَمْ تُخْلَقِ [They leave the skulls with their crowns lying open to the sun (let alone, or say nothing of, the hands) as though they had not been created]: (S, Mughnee:) he says, when they cut, or cut off, the crowns, then let alone, or say nothing of, the hands (فَدَعِ الأَكُفَّ): i. e., they are more fit for cutting off the hands: (TA:) Akh says that بله is here in the place of an inf. n.; that it is as when you say, ضَرْبَ زَيْدٍ: but الاكفّ may be in the accus. case; so that the meaning may be دَعِ الأَكُفَّ: (S:) the verse is thus recited in two different ways: and also بَلْهَ الأَكُفُّ [how then must be the case of the hands?]. (Mughnee.) And hence the prov., تُحْرِقُكَ النَّارُ إِنْ تَرَاهَا بَلْهَ أَنْ تَصْلَاهَا, i. e. The fire will burn thee if thou see it from a distance: then let alone, or say nothing of, (فَدَعْ,) thy entering into it. (TA.) A strange instance occurs in the Saheeh of El-Bukháree, in the explanation of the آلم of the chapter of السَّجْدَة [the 32nd ch. of the Kur]: he says, God says [by these three letters], أَعْدَدْتُ لِعِبَادِي الصَّالِحِينَ مَا لَا عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ وَلَا أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ وَ لَا خَطَرِ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ ذُخْرًا مِنْ بَلْهِ مَا اطَّلَعْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ: (Mughnee, K: *) or ما أَطَلَعْتُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ: (so in some copies of the K:) thus بله is used as a decl. word, governed in the gen. case by من, and deviating from the three meanings [explained above]: (Mughnee, K:) but the reading commonly known is, على قلب بشر بَلْهَ مَ أَطْلَعْتُهُمْ عليه; and this is the reading in the work of J, [the S,] and in the Nh, and other lexicological works: (TA:) it has been explained by غَيْر; [so that the meaning of the sentence as first related above is, I have prepared for my righteous servants what eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor hath it occurred to the mind of man, as a treasure for the future, (obviously taken from Isaiah lxiv. 4, quoted by St. Paul in 1 Cor. ii. 9,) save, or except, that with which ye have become acquainted, or that with which I have acquainted them; and the same, with the omission of “ as a treasure for the future, “is the meaning of the sentence as related in the S and Nh &c.;] (Mughnee, K;) i. e. سِوَى, as in the S; (TA;) and this corroborates, (Mughnee,) or is agreeable with, (K,) the opinion of those who reckon بله as an exceptive word: (Mughnee, K:) and as meaning أَجَلْ [app. a mistranscription for أَجْل; i. e., it has been explained also as meaning I have done all this because of my promise to them; (مِنْ أَجْلِ مَا أَطْلَعْتُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ because of that with which I have acquainted them;) and thus it may have been read by SM, for he has written اجل without any syll. signs; and has given no other ex. of بله in the sense here intended except one commencing with the words, بَلْهَ انِّى لَمْ أَخُنْ عَهْدًا, which may mean because I have not broken a covenant, or yea, verily I have not &c., accord. as we read أَنِّى or إِنِّى]: or as meaning كُفَّ [or rather كُفَّ عَنْ] and دَعْ [let alone, or say nothing of; but this explanation must relate to the sentence as given in the S and Nh]: (K, but omitted in an excellent copy of that work:) or, accord. to El-Ahmar, it means, in this trad. [as commonly known], كَيُفَ [how? which seems to be the least suitable of all these explanations]. (TA.) IAmb relates, on the authority of others, that بَلْهَ is also syn. with عَلَى: [but I think that this is a mistake, arising from a misunderstanding of what here follows:] Fr says that he who makes it to govern a gen. case regards it as used in the manner of عَلَى, and similar particles governing the gen. case. (TA.) b2: مَا بَلْهَكَ means مَا بَالُكَ [What is thy state, or condition, or case?]: (K, TA:) or مَا لَكَ [which often has this meaning: see the letter ل]. (So in some copies of the K.) بَلَهٌ and ↓ بَلَاهَةٌ [both properly inf. ns.; see 1;] The attribute, or quality, denoted by the epithet أَبْلَهٌ [q. v.]; (S, K;) i. e. heedlessness: (K:) or heedlessness of evil; (JK in explanation of the former, and K;) &c.; (K;) and ↓ بُلَهْنِيَةٌ signifies the same; and stupidity and languor. (JK.) بَلَهَآءُ: see أَبْلَهُ.

بُلَهْنِيَةٌ, (K,) or بَلَهْنِيَةُ العَيْشِ, (JK,) or مِنَ العَيْشِ, (S,) (tropical:) An easy and a plentiful, (S, K, TA,) or a pleasant and heedless, (JK, TA, *) state, or condition, of life: (JK, S, K, TA:) from عَيْشٌ أَبْلَهُ [q. v.]: (Har p. 216:) the word بلهنية is rendered quasi-coordinate to the quinqueliteral-radical class by ا at the end, which is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it: (S in art. بلهن:) it is like رُفَغْنِيَةٌ and رُفَهْنِيَةٌ: IB says that it should be mentioned in art. بله, and means عَيْشٌ أَبْلَهُ; the ن and ى being augmentative, to render it quasicoordinate to خُبَعْثِنَةٌ: it is mentioned in the K [and S] in arts. بلهن and بله: (TA in art. بلهن:) the ن is augmentative accord. to Sb. (S in the present art.) One says, لَا زِلْتَ مُلَقًّى بِتَهْنِئَةٍ

مُبَقًّى فِىبُلَهْنِيَةٍ (tropical:) [Mayest thou not cease to be greeted with congratulation, and made to continue in an easy and a plentiful state of life]. (A, K.) b2: See also بَلَهٌ.

بَلَاهَةٌ: see بَلَهٌ.

أَبْلَهُ Heedless: (K:) or heedless of evil (K, TA) by reason of his goodness: (TA:) or simple, foolish, or of little sense, without discrimination: (K:) or weak in intellect: (Msb:) accord. to En-Nadr, (TA,) one whose evilness is dead, (K, TA,) so that he is not cognizant of it: (TA:) good in disposition; having little cognizance, or understanding, of subtilties; or having little skill therein: (K:) or one whose predominant quality is freedom of the bosom, or heart, or mind, from evil affections; (S, K, TA;) and good opinion of men: (TA:) simple-hearted: (TK:) naturally disposed to goodness, and therefore heedless of evil, not knowing it: (T, TA:) or heedless with respect to the present world and its people and their corruptness and malevolence, but intelligent and skilled in the law with respect to that which is commanded and that which is forbidden: (Ah-mad Ibn-Hambal, TA:) fem. بَلْهَآءُ: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. بُلْهٌ: (S, Msb:) and ↓ بُلَهَآءُ, a pl., [as though the sing. were بَلِيهٌ,] signifies dull, stupid, or wanting in intelligence: but this is post-classical. (TA.) Hence, شَابٌّ أَبْلَهُ [A youth, or young man, who is heedless, &c.], because of his inexperience in affairs: the epithet is applied to a youth in like manner as freedom from care, or thought, and like as insanity, are attributed to him. (S.) and خَيْرُ أَوْلَادِنَا الأَبْلَهُ العَقُولُ (tropical:) [The best of our children is the heedless, &c., that has much intelligence]; (S, Msb;) a saying of Ez-Zibrikán Ibn-Bedr; (S;) meaning such as, by reason of his bashfulness, is like the ابله, (S, Msb,) so that he feigns heedlessness, and passes over things, (Msb,) though he has much intelligence; (S;) or such as is thought to be stupid, but, when examined, is found to be [very] intelligent. (IAth, TA in art. عقل.) And أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الجَنَّةِ البُلْهُ, a trad., meaning Most of the people of Paradise are the بُلْه [or heedless, &c.,] with respect to the present world, because of their being little concerned thereby, while they are intelligent with respect to the world to come; (S;) or they are thus termed because they are heedless of their affairs in the present world, and unskilful in the management thereof, and busy themselves with their affairs relating to the world to come. (TA.) b2: بَلْهَآءُ, applied to a woman, Generous, strong-hearted, (مَزِيرَةٌ, for المَرِيرَةُ in the copies of the K is a mistake for المَزِيرَةُ, with زاى, TA, [app. here meaning bold,]) inexperienced in affairs, and simple, or unintelligent. (K, * TA.) ISh cites a poet as applying this epithet to a young girl with whom he had sported, and who acquainted him with her secrets, by reason of her inexperience, and want of cunning, not knowing what that implied against her. (TA.) b3: Also, applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) That does not take fright, and flee from a thing, (ISh, A, K,) by reason of staidness, (ISh, K,) or heaviness, (A,) as though she were stupid. (ISh, A, K.) One does not say جَمَلٌ أَبْلَهُ. (ISh, TA.) b4: شَبَابٌ أَبْلَهُ (tropical:) Soft, or delicate, youth; (T, A, K;) as though he who enjoys it were heedless of nocturnal accidents or calamities. (A, K.) b5: And عَيْشٌ أَبْلَهُ (tropical:) A soft, or delicate, or pleasant, or plentiful and easy, life: (K, TA:) or a life in which are few anxieties: (CK:) or a life in which are few griefs, or sorrows. (S.) [See also بُلَهْنِيَةٌ.]

در

أ1 دَرَأَهُ, aor. ـَ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. دَرْءٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and دَرْأَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ درّأهُ; (M, TA; [or this latter has probably an intensive signification;]) He pushed it, or thrust it; or pushed it, or thrust it, away, or back; repelled it; or averted it; syn. دَفَعَهُ; (S, * M, Mgh, * Msb, K;) namely, a thing. (Msb.) Hence, كَانَ بَيْنَ عُمَرَ وَمُعَاذِ بْنِ عَفْرَآءَ دَرْءٌ There was, between 'Omar and Mo'ádh Ibn-'Afrà, a contending, and a mutual pushing or thrusting, &c. (Mgh.) And دَرَأَ عَنْهُمْ He repelled from them, or defended them; as also دَرَهَ, which is formed by substitution from the former, like هَرَاقَ from أَرَاقَ. (S in art. دره.) And دَرَأَ عَنْهُ الحَدَّ He averted (دَفَعَ) from him the prescribed castigation: (M, Mgh:) or he deferred his prescribed castigation: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to other things. (Az, T.) It is said in a trad., اِدْرَؤُوا الحُدُودَ بِالشُّبُهَاتِ [Avert ye, or defer ye, the prescribed castigations on account of dubious circumstances]. (ISk, M, TA.) And اِدْرَؤُوا الحُدُودَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ [Avert ye, or defer ye, the prescribed castigations as long as ye are able]. (S, form a trad.) b2: See also 5. b3: دَرَأَ عَنِ البَعِيرِ الحَقَبَ is explained by Sh as meaning He pushed back the kind girth of the camel: but AM says that the correct meaning is, he spread the kind girth upon the ground, and made the camel to lie down upon it [in order that he might gird him]. (TA.) [For] دَرَأَ signifies also He spread, or laid flat, (K, TA,) a thing upon the ground. (TA.) b4: دَرَأَ الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءَ He supported the thing by the thing; made the. thing to be a support to the thing. (TA.) [Hence,] دَرَأَ الحَائِطَ بِبِنَآءٍ He conjoined the wall with a structure [so as to support the former by the latter]. (TA.) b5: دَرَأَ بِحَجَرٍ He cast a stone; like رَدَأَ. (TA.) You say, دَرَأَهُ بِحَجَر and رَدَأَهُ بِهِ He cast a stone at him. (M in art. ردأ.) b6: دَرَأَ said of a torrent, (K,) inf. n. دَرْءٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) It rushed, or poured forth with vehemence; as also ↓ اندرأ. (K.) and دَرَأَ الوَادِى بِالسَّيْلِ (assumed tropical:) The valley poured along the torrent. (TA.) [See also دَرْءٌ, below.] b7: دَرَأَ, (K,) inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ, (TA,) is syn. with طَرَأَ [He came from a place, or from a distant place, unexpectedly; &c.]. (K.) And you say, دَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا فُلَانٌ, (T, S, K, * TA,) inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ (S, TA) and دَرْءٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اندرأ (S, TA) and ↓ تدرّأ; (TA;) Such a one came, or came forth, upon us unexpectedly, (T, S, K, * TA,) or whence we knew not; as also طَرَأَ, (T,) and دَرَهَ. (IAar, TA in art. دره.) And عَلَيْهِ بِشَرٍّ ↓ اندرأ, vulg. اندرى, He came upon him suddenly with evil, or mischief. (TA.) b8: Hence, i. e. from دَرَأَ signifying “ he came, or came forth, unexpectedly,” (T, S, TA,) دَرَأَ, inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ, said of a star, meaning (tropical:) It shone, or glistened, (S, K, TA,) intensely, (S, TA,) and its light spread: (TA:) or, as some say, it rose. (T.) [Hence also,] دَرَأَتِ النَّارُ (assumed tropical:) The fire gave light, shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (Sh, K.) A2: دَرَأَ, (T, S, K,) aor. ـَ (T,) inf. n. دُرُوْءٌ, (T, S,) He (a camel) had what is termed the غُدَّة, (S, K,) i. e. the plague, or pestilence, (طَاعُون,) of camels, (T,) and had therewith a tumour in his back, (S, K,) or in his نَحْر [or stabbing-place, in the uppermost part of the breast]: but in a female, it is in the udder: (TA:) or had a tumour in his نَحْر. (IAar, T.) The epithet applied to the male is ↓ دَارِئٌ: and so, accord. to ISk, to the female, (T, S,) meaning Attacked by the غُدَّة in her مَرَاق, (T, and so in a copy of the S,) thus, without teshdeed to the ق, signifying the part, of her throat, which is the place of passage of the water, (T, TA,) or in her مَرَاقّ [or thin and soft parts of the belly], (so in one of my copies of the S,) so that the protuberance of the غُدَّة [or pestilential tumour] is apparent: which protuberance is termed ↓ دَرْءٌ. (T, S.) 2 دَرَّاَ see 1, first sentence.3 مُدَارَأَةٌ, primarily, (TA,) signifies The act of opposing; and repelling, or striving to repel: (S, TA:) or treating in an evil, or adverse, manner; and opposing: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) or the putting one off in the matter of a right or due, by promising to render it time after time; and treating in an evil, or adverse, and a contrary, manner. (Mgh in arts. درى and شرى.) One says, دَرَأْتُهُ I repelled him, or strove to repel him. (T, Msb, K.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يُدَارِئُ وَ لَا يُمَارِى, (S, TA,) i. e. Such a one does not act in an evil, or adverse, manner, nor oppose, [nor does he wrangle, or dispute obstinately:] and لا يُدَارِى, meaning, accord. to Sgh, if for لا يُدَارِئُ, does not repel, or strive to repel, him who has a right from his right. (TA.) b2: Accord. to El-Ahmar, in [the exercise of] good disposition, (T, S,) and in social intercourse, (S,) it is with and without ء; (T, S;) contr. to the assertion of A 'Obeyd, who says that in this case it is without ء. (T.) [F says,] دَارَأْتُهُ is syn. with دَارَيْتُهُ and دَافَعْتُهُ and لَايَنْتُهُ [the second of which has a meaning explained above; the first and last meaning I treated him with gentleness or blandishment, soothed him, coaxed him, or wheedled him; &c.]; thus bearing two contr. significations: (K:) [or]

دَرَأْتُهُ and دَارَيْتُهُ both signify I was fearful, or cautious, of him; and treated him with gentleness or blandishment, or soothed him, coaxed him, wheedled him, or cajoled him: (S:) [but Az says,] I say that the verb with ء means I was fearful, or cautious, of him, as says Az; or of his evil, or mischief: and دَارَيْتُ signifies “ I deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted; ” as also دَرَيْتُ. (T.) 4 أَدْرَأَتْ بِضَرْعِهَا, (Az, T, S,) inf. n. إِدْرَآءٌ, (Az, T,) [as also اذرأت, with ذ,] She (a camel) excerned (أَنْزَلَتْ) the milk, (Az, T, S,) and relaxed her udder, on the occasion of bringing forth. (Az, S.) The epithet applied to the she-camel so doing is ↓ مُدْرِئٌ. (Az, T, S, K.) 5 تَدَرَّاَ see 1. b2: تدرّأ عَلَيْنَا He domineered over us. (S.) And تدرّؤوا عَلَيْهِمْ They domineered over them, (K, TA,) and aided one another against them. (TA.) b3: تدرّؤوا, (M, K, TA,) and ↓ اِدَّرَؤُوا دَرِيْئَةً, (TA,) They concealed themselves from a thing in order to beguile it, or circumvent it: (M, K, TA:) or they made use of a ذَرِيعَة [or دَرِيْئَة] for hunting and spearing or thrusting [or shooting objects of the chase]: (TA:) and ↓ ادّرأتُ لِلصَّيْدِ, (S,) or الصَّيْدِ, (K,) I prepared for myself a دَرِيئَة for the chase: (S, K:) and ↓ دَرَأَ الدَّرِيْئَةَ لِلصَّيْدِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. دَرْءٌ, He drove the دريئة to the chase, and concealed himself by it. (M.) 6 تدارؤوا They repelled, or strove to repel, one another (M, Msb, K) in contention, or altercation, (M, K,) and the like; and disagreed. (M.) اِدَّارَأْتُمْ is originally تَدَارَأْتُمْ, (S, K,) the ت being incorporated into the د, (S, TA,) because they have the same place of utterance, (TA,) and the ا being added to commence the word: (S, TA:) the meaning is, Ye disagreed; and repelled, or strove to repel, one another. (S.) فَادَّارَأْتُمْ فِيهَا, in the Kur ii. 67, means And ye contended together respecting it; because those who contend repel one another: or ye repelled, or strove (??) repel, one another, by each of you casting the slaughter upon his fellow. (Bd.) 7 إِنْدَرَاَ see 1, in three places. b2: The phrase الحُدُودُ تَنْدَرِئُ بِالشُّبُهَاتِ [The prescribed castigations shall be, or are to be, averted, or deferred, on account of dubious circumstances,] is agreeable with analogy, but has not been heard [from the Arabs of classical times]. (Mgh.) b3: اندرأ الحَرِيقُ The fire [of a burning house &c.] spread, (K, TA,) and gave light, shone, was bright, or shone brightly. (TA.) 8 إِدْتَرَاَ see 5, in two places.

دَرْءٌ and inf. n. of 1 in senses pointed out above. (S, M, &c.) So of that verb said of a torrent. (TA.) [Hence,] جَآئَ السَّيْلُ دَرْءًا and ↓ دُرْءًا The torrent rushed, or poured forth with vehemence, [or came rushing, &c.,] from a place, (M, K,) or from a distant place, (TA,) unknown: (M, K, TA:) or the latter signifies the torrent came from a distant land or tract. (S.) And جَآءَ

↓ الوَادِى دُرْءًا The valley flowed with the rain of another valley: if with its own rain, you say, سَالَ ظَهْرًا: (IAar, M; and the like is said in the TA in the present art. and in art. ظهر:) or سال دُرْءًا means it flowed with other than its own rain; and ظَهْرًا, “with its own rain. ” (TA in art. ظهر.) Hence ↓ الدُّرْءُ has been metaphorically used by a rájiz to signify (tropical:) The flowing of water from the mouths of camels into their insides. (M.) A2: A bending; (TA;) a crookedness, or curvity; (S, M, K, TA;) in a cane, or spearshaft, and the like; (M, K;) or in a staff, and anything that is hard to straighten: (T, TA:) pl. دُرُوْءٌ. (M.) One says, أَقَمْتُ دَرْءٌ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) I rectified the crookedness and opposition, or resistance, of such a one. (S.) And hence, بِئْرٌ ذَاتُ دَرْءٍ

A well having a part [of its shaft] projecting, or protuberant. (S, O.) And طَرِيقٌ ذُو دُرُوْءٍ A road having furrows, (M, * K, *) or abrupt, water-worn, ridges, (T, S, M,) and protuberances, and the like. (T.) b2: The extremity, or edge, of a thing; because it repels therewith. (Ham p. 213.) b3: A portion of a mountain that projects, or juts out, from the rest, (M, K, TA, and Ham p. 213 in explanation of the pl.,) unexpectedly: (TA:) pl. as above. (M.) b4: See also 1, last sentence. b5: Also (assumed tropical:) Disobedience, and resistance, and hatred, or dislike, (T, TA,) and crookedness, (T,) and disagreement, on the part of a wife. (T, TA.) دُرْءٌ: see دَرْءٌ, in three places.

دَرِيْئَةٌ A ring by aiming at which one learns to pierce or thrust [with the spear] (S, M, K) and to shoot: (T, * M, K:) said by As to be with ء: (S:) and also called وَتِيرَةٌ. (S in art. وتر.) 'Amr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib says, ظَلِلْتُ كَأَنِّى لِلرِّمَاحِ دَرِيْئَةٌ

أُقَاتِلُ عَنْ أَبْنَآءَ جَرْمٍ وَفَرَّتِ [I passed the day as though I were a ring for the spears to be aimed at, fighting in defence of the sons of Jarm, when they had fled]. (T, S, M. [See also Ham p. 75, where it is written دَرِيَّةٌ.]) b2: Also A camel, (T, S,) or other thing, (S,) or anything, (M, K,) by which one conceals himself (T, S, M, K) from the wild animals, (T,) or from the objects of the chase, (S, * M, K,) in order that they may be circumvented, (T, S, M, K,) so that when the man is able to shoot, or cast, he does so: (T, S:) like ذَرِيعَةٌ: (S in art. ذرع:) accord. to Az, it is with ء, (S,) because the دريئة is driven (تُدْرَأُ, i. e. تُدْفَعُ,) towards the objects of the chase: (T, * S:) but IAth says that it is دَرِيَّةٌ, without ء; and that it signifies an animal by means of which the sportsman conceals himself, leaving it to pasture with the wild animals until they have become familiar with it and so rendered accessible to him, when he shoots, or casts, at them: (TA:) the pl. of دَرِيْئَةٌ is دَرَايَا and دَرَائئُ with two hemzehs, each of them extr. [with respect to analogy]. (M, TA.) دَرِّىْءٌ: see what next follows.

دُرِّىْءٌ: see what next follows.

كَوْكَبٌ دِرِّىْءٌ, (T, S, K, &c.,) like خِمِّيرٌ and سِكِّيرٌ (S) or سِكِّينٌ, (K,) from دَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا فُلَانٌ; (S;) and ↓ دُرِّىْءٌ, (M, K,) the only instance of the measure فُعِّيلٌ except مُرِّيقٌ; (K;) [which latter word has been mistaken by Golius and Freytag for a noun qualified by the epithet درّىء;] but A'Obeyd says that when it is pronounced with the first letter madmoomeh it is دُرِّىٌّ, without ء, a rel. n. from دُرٌّ, of the measure فُعْلِىٌّ, [and the like is said in the K, though دُرِّىْءٌ is also there mentioned as correct,] because there is not [to his knowledge] in the language of the Arabs any word of the measure فُعِّيلٌ; and that he who pronounces it [دُرِّىْءٌ] with ء means that it is [originally of the measure] فُعُّولٌ, like سُبُّوحٌ, and that one of its vowels is changed to kesr because it is deemed difficult of pronunciation; and Akh mentions also ↓ دَرِّىْءٌ, with ء, of the measure فَعِّيلٌ, with fet-h to the first letter, (S, TA,) on the authority of Katádeh and AA; (TA;) (tropical:) A star that shines, or glistens, (S, K, TA,) intensely: (S:) or a star that is impelled in its course from the east to the west: (M:) accord. to IAar, [a shooting star;] a star that is impelled (يُدْرَأُ) against the devil [or a devil; for the Arabs believed, and still believe, that a shooting star is one that is darted against a devil when he attempts to hear by stealth the discourse of the angels in the lowest heaven]: (T, TA:) and said by some to signify one of the five planets: (TA in art. در:) pl. دَرَارِىْءُ; (T, S, M;) said by Fr to be applied by the Arabs to the great stars of which the names are not known. (S.) دَارِئٌ Coming from a place, or from a distant place, unexpectedly: (M, TA: but only the pls. of the word in this sense are there mentioned:) an enemy showing open hostility, or coming forth into the field to encounter another in battle: and a stranger: (T:) pl. دُرَأءُ (T, M, TA) and دُرَّآءٌ. (M, TA.) People say, نَحْنُ فُقَرَآءُ دُرَأءُ [We are poor men, come from a distant place, or strangers]. (T, TA.) A2: See also 1, last sentence. b2: [Hence,] metaphorically used by Ru-beh as meaning (tropical:) Swollen with anger. (M, TA.) السُّلْطَانُ ذُو تُدْرَأٍ, (S, M, * K,) and ↓ تُدْرَأَةٍ, (K,) accord. to different relations of a trad. in which it occurs, (TA,) The Sultán is possessed of apparatus [of war], (عُدَّة, S, and so in some copies of the K,) or might, (عِزّ, so in other copies of the K,) and power, to repel his enemies: (S, M, * K: *) accord. to IAth, ذو تدرأ signifies impetuous, not fearing or dreading; and so, having power to repel his enemies: (TA:) it is used in relation to war and contention. (M.) You say also, هُوَ ذُو تُدْرَأٍ and تُدْرَهٍ: and هُوَ ذُو تُدْرَئِهِمْ and تُدْرَهَهِمْ (TA in art. دره, q. v.) تُدْرَأَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُدْرِئٌ: see 4.

مِدْرَأٌ A thing with which one pushes, or thrusts; or pushes, or thrusts, away, or back. (TA.) [Applied in the present day, pronounced مِدْرَا, without ء, to A boat-pole.]

ذَاتُ المِدْرَأَةِ The she-camel of violent spirit. (TA.)

دلف

1 دَلَفَ, (T, S, M, K,) aor. ـِ (T, M, K,) inf. n. دَلِيفٌ (T, S, M, K) and دَلَفٌ (T, M, K) and دَلْفٌ (K) and دَلَفَانٌ (M, K) and دُلُوفٌ, (M, TA,) He walked, or went, gently, or leisurely: (S, M:) said of an old man, (As, T, S, K,) he walked, or went, (As, T, S, M, K,) with short steps, (S, M,) or in the manner of him who is shackled, (K,) as some say, (M,) at a rate above that which is termed دَبِيبٌ, (As, T, M, K,) like as does the army, or body of troops, to the [other] army, or body of troops. (As, T.) You say, دَلَفَتِ الكَتِيبَةُ

إِلَى الكَتِيبَةِ فِى الحَرْبِ (T, S, * M, K *) meaning The army, or body of troops, went gently, or leisurely, to the [other] army, or body of troops, in war: (M:) or advanced, or went forward; syn. تَقَدَّمَت: (S, K:) [for] دَلَفٌ (T, M) accord. to A'Obeyd, or دَلْفٌ accord. to AA, (T,) signifies the act of advancing, or going forward; syn. تَقَدُّمٌ: (T, M:) and one says دَلَفْنَاهُمْ, (S, K,) or دَلَفْنَا لَهُمْ, (M, and so in one place in the TA,) meaning [as is implied in the S and K] we advanced to them; syn. تَقَدَّمْنَا: (M:) and دَلَفَ

إِلَيْهِ he drew near to him, or it. (TA.) دَلَفْتُ also signifies مَشَيْتُ [i.e. I walked; or went on foot, whether quickly or slowly]: (Ham p. 678:) and [in like manner,] إِلَيْهِ ↓ تدلّف signifies مَشَى

[he walked, &c., to him, or it]: (O, TA:) or this latter signifies تَمَشَّى [said in the TA, in art. مشى, to be syn. with مَشَى; but it rather signifies he walked with slow steps to him, or it]; and approached, or drew near: (S, K:) but A'Obeyd says that تَزَلَّفَ is more common. (M.) b2: Hence, the saying of a poet, دَلَفْتُ إِلَى صَمِيمِكَ بِالقَوَافِى

meaning (assumed tropical:) I have wounded thy heart with rhymes. (Ham ubi suprá.) b3: [The verb seems to bear two contr. significations; for it is said that]

دَلَفَ لِالْتِزَامِى means He hastened to take me by the hand and embrace me. (Har p. 368.) b4: دَلَفَ بِحِمْلِهِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. دَلِيفٌ, He (one carrying a thing) was heavily burdened, or overburdened, by his load [so that he went slowly]. (M.) b5: You say of a she-camel, تَدْلِفُ بِحَمْلِهَا, meaning She rises [app. with difficulty (see دَالِفٌ)] with her load. (T,* Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b6: And دَلَفَ المَالُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. دَلِيفٌ, The camels, or cattle, clave to the ground by reason of emaciation. (M, TA.) 4 ادلفهُ It (old age) made him to walk, or go, gently, or leisurely; with short steps; [or in the manner of him who is shackled; (see 1;)] at a rate above that which is termed دَبِيبٌ. (IAar, M.) A2: ادلف لَهُ القَوْلَ i. q. أَضْخَمَ لَهُ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, *) He spoke to him in a rough, harsh, coarse, rude, uncivil, or ungentle, manner. (TK.) 5 تَدَلَّفَ see 1.7 اندلف عَلَىَّ i. q. اِنْصَبَّ [app. as meaning It poured out, or forth, upon me]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) دِلْفٌ Courageous; brave; strong-hearted. (AA, T, K.) دُلُفٌ A she-camel (Ibn-'Abbád, K) that rises [app. with difficulty (see دَالِفٌ)] with her load. (T, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: It is also a pl. of دَالِفٌ: (K:) and of دَلُوفٌ. (TA.) دُلْفِينٌ [The dolphin;] a certain fish, (T,) or beast, (S, K, [app. thus termed because it is a mammal,]) of the sea, (T, S, K,) that saves him who is drowning; (S, K;) also called دُخَسٌ; and abounding in the Sea of Dimyát [or Damietta]. (TA.) b2: الدُّلْفِينُ (assumed tropical:) [The constellation Delphinus;] one of the northern constellation, which comprises ten stars, and follows النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ

α and β and γ of Aquila]: the bright star on its tail is called ذَنَبُ الدُّلْفِينِ. (Kzw.) دَلُوفٌ (tropical:) A fat camel, that walks, or goes, gently, or leisurely, or with short steps, or in the manner of him who is shackled, by reason of his fatness: pl. دُلُفٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) having much fruit. (TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A swift eagle: (IAar, M, K:) pl. دُلْفٌ [perhaps a contraction of دُلُفٌ, an analogous form of pl. (K.) [Thus it bears two contr. significtions]

دَالِفٌ An old man that walks, or goes, gently, or leisurely, or with short steps, or in the manner of him who is shackled: (TA:) walking with a heavy load, with short steps; (S, K;) like دَالِحٌ: (S:) pl. دُلَّفٌ (S, K) and دُلُفٌ (K) and دُلَّافٌ: (TA:) and دَوَالِفُ [as pl. of دَالِفَةٌ] is applied to old women. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Old, and rendered lowly, humble, or submissive, by age. (M.) b3: (tropical:) An arrow that hits a thing in the way to the butt, or object of aim, and then glances off from the place thereof. (S, K, TA.) مُتَدَلِّفٌ: see what follows.

مُنْدَلِفٌ and ↓ مُتَدَلِّفٌ A lion walking at his ease, (K, TA,) without haste, and with short steps, because of his presumptuousness, and lack of fear. (TA.)