نو

أ1 نَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْءٌ (S, K) and تَنْوَآءٌ, (K,) He rose, or arose, with effort and difficulty. (S, K.) b2: نَآءَ بِحِمْلِهِ He rose with his burden with effort and difficulty. (TA:) he rose with his burden oppressed (??) its weight. (S, K.) b3: تَنُوْءُبِعَجِيزَتِهَا She rises with her buttocks oppressed by their weight: said of a woman. (S.) b4: نَآءَ بِصَدْرِهِ He arose. [App. said originally, if not only, of a camel.] (TA.) b5: نَاءَ بِهِ and ↓ اناءهُ, It (a burden) oppressed him by its weight, and bent him, or weighed him down. (S, K,) b6: تَنُوْءُ بِهَا عَجِيزَتُهَا Her buttocks oppress her by their weight: said of a woman. (S.) b7: نَآءَ He was oppressed by weight, (K,) and fell down: (S, K:) thus the verb bears two [partially] opposite significations. (K.) b8: نَآءَ بِجَانِبِهِ (assumed tropical:) He behaved proudly. (TA, art. مط.) b9: نَآءَ النَّجْمُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْءٌ; and ↓ استناء and إِسْتَنْأَى (K; the latter being formed by transposition, TA) The star, or asterism, [generally said of one of those composing the Mansions of the Moon,] set (accord. to some), or rose (accord. to others), aurorally, i. e. at dawn of morning. (TA.) See نَوْءٌ. [It seems that ناء is used in both these senses because the star or asterism appears as though it were nearly overcome by the glimmer of the dawn.]

A2: نَآءَ, (K,) formed by transposition from نَأَى, (TA,) or a dial. form of this latter, (S, TA,) He, or it, was, or became, distant; removed to a distance; went far away. (S, K.) b2: ناء بِهِ [It rendered him distant, or removed him to a distance]. (TA.) A3: مَا سَآءَكَ وَنَآءَكَ (S) [see explained in art. سوأ]: ناءك is here used for أَنَآءَكَ, in order to assimilate it to ساءك; (S;) like as they say هَنَأَنِى وَمَرَأَنِى, for أمْرَأَنِى. (TA.) 3 ناوأهُ, inf. n. مُنَاوَأَةٌ and نِوَآءٌ, He contended with him for glory; vied with him. (K.) b2: He acted hostilely towards him. (S, K.) Sometimes without ء; but originally with ء; being derived from نَآءَ إِلَيْكَ and نُؤْتُ إِلَيْهِ. (S.) 4 أَنْوَاَ see 1.10 استناء بِنَجْمٍ [He prognosticated rain &c. by reason of the rising or setting of a star or an asterism aurorally, i. e., at dawn of morning: or he regarded a star or an asterism as a نَوْء]. (L.) It is said, لَا تَسْتَنِىءُ العَرَبُ بِالنُّحُومِ كُلِّهَا [The Arabs do not prognosticate rain &c. by reason of the auroral rising or setting of all the stars, or asterisms: or do not regard all the stars or asterisms as أَنْوَا. (Sh, L.) إِسْتَنْأَوْا الوَسْمِىَّ, the ء being transposed, They expected, or looked for, the rain called الوسمى, [from the auroral rising or setting of a star or an asterism]. (AHn.) A2: إِسْتَنَآءَهُ (assumed tropical:) He sought, or asked a gift, or present of him. (K.) نَوْءٌ, pl. أَنْوَآءٌ and نُوآنٌ, (S, K,) A star, or an asterism, verging to setting: or the setting of the star, or asterism, in the west, aurorally, i. e., at dawn of morning, and the rising of another, opposite to it, at the same time, in the east: (K:) or the setting of one of the stars, or asterisms, which compose the Mansions [of the Moon (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ)], in the west, aurorally, i. e., at dawn of morining, and the rising of its رَقِيب, which is another star, or asterism, opposite to it, at the same time, in the east, each night for a period of thirteen days: thus does each star, or asterism, of those Mansions, [one after another,] to the end of the year, except الجَبْهَة, the period of which is fourteen days: (S:) [or it signifies the auroral rising, and sometimes the auroral setting, of one of those stars, or asterisms; as will be shown below: I do not say “ heliacal ”

rising because the rising here meant continues for a period of thirteen days]. Accord. to the T, نوء signifies the setting of one of the stars, or asterisms, above mentioned: and AHn says, that it signifies its first setting in the morning, when the stars are about to disappear; which is when the whiteness of dawn diffuses itself. (TA.) A'Obeyd says, I have not heard نوء used in the sense of “ setting,” “ falling,” except in this instance. (S.) It is added, [whether on his or another's authority is doubtful,] that the [pagan] Arabs used to attribute the rains and winds and heat and cold to such of the stars, or asterisms, above mentioned as was setting at the time [aurorally]; or, accord. to As, to that which was rising in its ascendency [aurorally]; and used to say, مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا [We have been given rain by such a نوء]; (S;) or they attributed heat [and cold] to the rising or the star or asterism, and rain [and wind], to its نَوْء [meaning its setting]. (AHn, Har, p. 216.) This the Muslim is forbidden to say, unless he mean thereby, “ We have been given rain at the period of such a نوء; ” God having made it usual for rain to come at [certain of] the periods called انواء.

Again, A'Obeyd says, The انواء are twenty-eight stars, or asterisms; sing. نوء: the rising of any one of them in the east [aurorally] is called نوء; and the star, or asterism, itself is hence thus called: but sometimes نوء signifies the setting. Also, in the L it is said, that each of the abovementioned stars, or asterisms, is called thus because, when that in the west sets, the opposite one rises; and this rising is called النّوء; but some make نوء to signify the setting; as if it bore contr. senses. (TA.) [El-Kazweenee mentions certain physical occurrences on the occasions of the انواء of the Mansions of the Moon; and in each of these cases, except three, the نوء is the rising, not the setting. Two of the excepted cases are doubtful: the passage relating to the third plainly expresses an event which happens at the period of the auroral setting of الصَّرْفَة; namely the commencement of the days called أَيَّامُ العَجُوزِ; corresponding, accord. to ElMakreezee, with the rising of الفَرْغُ المُقَدَّمُ, the رقيب of الصرفة: and it is said in the S, art. عجز, on the authority of Ibn-Kunáseh, that the ايّام العجوز fall at the period of the نوء of الصرفة. (The auroral setting of الصرفة, at the commencement of the era of the Flight, in central Arabia, happened about the 9th of March O. S.; and this is the day of the N. S., the 26th of February O. S., on which commence the ايّام العجوز accord. to the modern Egyptian almanacs.) Hence it appears, that sometimes the setting, but generally the rising, was called the نوء. Moreover, the ancient Arabs had twenty-eight proverbial sayings (which are quoted in the Mir-át ez-Zemán, and in the work of El-Kazweenee) relating to the risings of the twenty-eight Mansions of the Moon: such as this: إِذَا طَلَعَ الشَّرَطَانْ

إِسْتَوَى الزَّمَانْ “ When Esh-Sharatán rises, the season becomes temperate: ” or, perhaps, “b2: the night and day, become equal. ” (If this latter meaning could be proved to be the right one, we might infer that the Calendar of the Mansions of the Moon was in use more than twelve centuries B. c.; and that for this reason الشرطان was called the first of the mansions; though it may have been first so called at a later period as being the first Mansion in the first Sign of the Zodiac. But I return to the more immediate object which I had in view in mentioning the foregoing sayings.) I do not find any of these sayings (though others, I believe, do) relating to the settings. Hence, again, it appears most probable, that the rising, not the setting, was generally called نوء.] b3: [In many instances,] الأَنْوَآءُ signifies The Mansions of the Moon [themselves]; and نَوْءٌ, any one of those Mansions: and they are also called نُجُومُ المَطَرِ [the stars, or asterisms, of rain]. (Mgh, in art. خطأ.) IAar says that the term نوء was not applied except in the case of a star, or asterism, accompanied by rain: (TA:) [see exs. under خَطَّ and خَطَّأَ: but most authors, it seems, apply this term without such restriction: it is sometimes given to certain stars or asterisms, which do not belong to the Mansions of the Moon; as will be seen below: and it is applied, with the article, especially to الــثُّرَيَّا]. b4: Accord. to Az, as cited by AM, the first rain is that called الوَسْمِىُّ: the انواء of which are those called العَرْقُوَتَانِ المُؤَخَّرَتَان, the same, says AM, as الفَرْغُ المُؤَخَّرُ, [the 27th Mansion of the Moon, which, about the period of the commencement of the era of the Flight, (to which period, or thereabout, the calculation of Az, here given, most probably relates,) set aurorally, (for by the term نوء Az means a star or asterism, at the setting of which rain usually falls,) in central Arabia, on the 21st of Sept. O. S, as shewn in the observations on the منازل القمر in this lexicon]: then, الشَّرَطُ, [one of the شَرَطَانِ, the 1st Mansion, which, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 17th of Oct.]: then, الــثُّرَيَّا, [the 3rd Mansion, which, about that period, set on the 12th of Nov.]. Then comes the rain called الشَّتَوِىُّ: the انواء of which are الجَوْزَاءُ [meaning الهَقْعَةُ, the 5th Mansion, which, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 8th of Dec.] then, الذِّرَاعَانِ, [i. e. الذِّرَاعُ المَقْبُوضَةُ and الدِّرَاعُ المَبْسُوطَةُ; the former of which, about the same period, set anti-heliacally on the 3rd of January, the proper relative time of the setting of the 7th Mansion; and the latter, on the 16th of January, the proper relative time of the setting of the 8th Mansion;] and their نَثْرَة, [the 8th Mansion, which, about that period, set aurorally on the 16th of Jan.]: then, الجَبْهَةُ, [the 10th Mansion, which set aurorally, about that period, on the 11th of Feb.] In this period the شتوى rain ends; and that called الدَّفَئِىُّ (q. v.) begins, and [after this] الصَّيْفُ. All the rains from the وسمى to the دفئى are called رَبِيعٌ. Then, [after the دفئى,] comes the صَيْف: the انواء of which are السِّمَاكَانِ (الأَعْزَلُ and الرَّقِيبُ); [the former of which is, accord. to El-Kazweenee, the 14th Mansion, which, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 4th of April: the latter seems to be the رقيب of الــثريّا (see رقيب): i. e. الإِكْلِيلُ, the 17th Mansion, which, about the same period, set aurorally on the 13th of May; a period of about forty days. Then comes الحَميمُ.

[see this word, said by some to be] a period of about twenty nights, commencing at the [auroral] rising of الدَّبَرَان, [at the epoch of the Flight about the 26th of May, O. S.,] which has [little rain, or none, and is therefore said to have] ??

نوء. Then comes الخَريفُ [a period of little rain the انواء of which are النَّسْرَانِ [or the two vultures, النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ and النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ, which, in central Arabia, about the period above mentioned, set aurorally on the 24th of July, O. S., both together]: then, الخضر, [which I have not been able to identify with any known star or asterism, in the TT with صح written above it, to denote its being correctly transcribed]: then, العَرْقُوَتَانِ الأُولَيانِ, the same says AM, as الفَرْغُ المُقَدَّمُ, the 26th Mansion, which, about the same period, set on the 8th of Sept.]. (T, TT, TA. *) b5: [Hence,] نَوْءٌ [also means (assumed tropical:) The supposed effect of a star or asterism so termed in bringing rain &c.: whence the phrase لَا نَوْءَ لَهُ It has no effect upon the weather; said of a particular star or asterism: see البُطَيْنُ. b6: Also. Rain consequent upon the annual setting or rising of a star so termed (assumed tropical:) so in many instances in Kzw's account of the Mansions of the Moon.] And (tropical:) Herbs, or herbage: so called because regarded as the consequence of what is [more properly] termed نوء: [i. e., the auroral setting or rising of a star or asterism, or the rain supposed to be produced thereby.] Ex. جَفُّ النَّوْءُ The herbage dried up. (IKt.) Also, (tropical:) A gift, or present. (K.) أَنْوَأُ More, or most, acquainted with the أَنْوَآء (K, and some copies of the S) [See نَوْءٌ, It is an anomalous word, though of a kind of which there are some other examples, for it has no verb] and, by only, a noun of this class is not formed but from a verb. (TA) مُسْتَنَاءٌ (assumed tropical:) One of whom a gift, or present, is sought, or asked, (K.)

يمن

1 يُمِنَ , (T, M, K,) and يَمِنَ, (M, K,) He was prosperous; fortunate; lucky. (T, M, K.) 3 يَامَنَ : see 3 in art. شأم in two places.4 أَيْمَنَهُ He made it to incline towards the right: see an ex. voce سِنٌّ (near the end of the paragraph). b2: أَيْمَنَ: see أَشْأَمَ in two places. b3: أَيْمَنْتُ إِبِلِى: see أَيْسَرْتُ.5 تَيَمَّنَ He was placed on his right side in the grave. (TA, voce عَلْبَى.) b2: تَيَمَّنَ بِهِ i. q. تَبَرَّكَ بِهِ [q. v.]. (S.) b3: فُلَانٌ يُتَيَمَّنُ بِرَأْيِهِ, i. e. يُتَبَرَّكُ بِهِ, (T,) app. One is fortunate in, or derives a blessing from, his counsel. b4: He augured good by it, or from it; or looked for good fortune, or a blessing, from it; syn. تَبَّرَكَ بِهِ: (Mgh, Msb, &c:) opposed to تَشَأءَمَ بِهِ, in the K, art. طير; and in Bd, xvii. 14; and well known. b5: تَيَمَّنَ بِكَلِمَةٍ [He augured good from the word], (Har, p. 488,) and بِكَلَامٍ. (Msb. in art. فأل.) 6 تَيَامَنَ : see تَشَّامَ. b2: تَيَامَنُوا: see 3 in art. يسر.

يُمْنٌ Prosperity; good fortune; good luck; auspiciousness; (T, S, M, K;) contr. of شُؤْمٌ, (M,) and of نَحْسٌ. (L, art. سعد.) يُمْنَةٌ : its pl. seems to be يُمَنٌ. See بُرْدٌ.

اليَمِينُ The location that is on the right. b2: يَمِينٌ also, The south. See سَرْحٌ. b3: يَمِينُ also signifies A covenant (Bd, and Jel in lxviii. 39) confirmed by an oath. (Bd, ibid.) يَمِينُ اللّٰهِ The oath by attestation of God: see أَيْمُ اللّٰهِ, and عَهْدُ اللّٰهِ. b4: حَلَفْتُ يَمِينًا [I swore, or have sworn, an oath]. (T, S, M, voce أَمِينٌ, which see. You say, يَمِينَ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعلُ (as in some copies of the S [meaning, حَلَفْتُ يَمِينَ اللّٰهِ]): or يَمِينُ اللّٰهِ (as in other copies [meaning, يَمِينُ اللّٰهِ قَسَمِى]). See a similar form of oath voce حَرَامٌ. b5: يَمِينًا صَادِقَةً لَأَفْعَلَنَّ: see زَعْمةٌ.

يَمَانٍ A garment of Yemen: see a verse voce تَسْهِيمٌ.

يَمَانِىٌّ and يَمَانُونَ: see تِهَامِىٌّ.

يَامِنٌ : see يَاسِرٌ.

أَيْمَنُ [The right, as opposed to the left; see Kur, xix. 53, xx. 82, and xxviii. 30:] contr. of أَيْسَرُ; and [in like manner] ↓ مَيْمَنَةٌ is contr. of مَيْسَرَةٌ. (S.) b2: أَيْمَنُ, contr. of أَشْأَمُ, as signifying The right, opposed to the left: and as signifying Lucky, or auspicious: pl. أَيَامِنُ. See أَشْأَمُ. b3: It is also used in the sense of يُمْنٌ: see أَشْأَمُ. b4: Also More, and most, lucky, or auspicious, or happy: see 8 in art. فئل.

أَيْمُنٌ , used only in swearing, is a sing. noun, not a particle, nor pl. of يَمِينٌ: and is derived from يُمْنٌ. (Mughnee.) الأَيَامِنُ : see an ex. of this word, voce ثَابِرٌ.

مَيْمَنَةٌ The right wing of an army. See أَيْمَنُ.

مَيْمُونٌ Fortunate; happy; (T, M, MA, KL;) blest. (T.) See an ex. voce عَرِيكَةٌ.

تَيَمُّنٌ The having [or receiving] a blessing. (K L.) تِيمَنَّا for تَأْمَنَّا: see أَمِنَهُ.

عرش

1 عَرَشَ, aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (S, O,) He constructed, or built, what is called an عَرِيش; (K;) as also ↓ اعرش; (Zj, K;) and ↓ عرّش, (K,) inf. n. تَعْرِيشٌ: (TA:) or he built a building of wood. (S, O.) b2: عَرَشَ البَيْتَ, (K,) aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, inf. n. عَرْشٌ and عُرُوشٌ, (TA,) He built the house, or the like. (K.) b3: عَرَشَ الكَرْمَ: see 2. b4: عَرَشَ البِئْرَ, (A, K,) aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, (K,) inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (S, A, O,) He cased the well with stones to the height of the stature of a man in the lowest part, and the rest of it with wood: (K:) or he cased the well with wood, after having cased the lowest part thereof with stones to the height of the stature of a man. (S, O.) A2: عَرَشَ فُلَانًا, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْشٌ, (TA,) He struck such a one in the عُرْش, (K, TA,) i. e. base, (TA,) of his neck. (K, TA.) 2 عرّش, inf. n. تَعْرِيشٌ: see 1. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a bird) rose, and shaded with his wings him who was beneath him. (TA.) b3: عرّش العَرْشَ He made the عَرْش [q. v.: or perhaps we should read العَرِيشَ]. (TA.) b4: عرّش البَيْتَ, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He roofed the house, or the like; (O, K, TA;) and raised the building thereof. (TA.) b5: عرّش الكَرْمَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, O, TA,) He made an عَرِيش for the grape-vine: (Msb:) or he raised the shoots of the grape-vine upon the pieces of wood [made to support them]; as also ↓ عَرَشَهُ, (Zj, O, K,) aor. ـِ and عَرُشَ, inf. n. عَرْشٌ and عُرُوشٌ; (K;) or both signify he made an عَرْش for the grape-vine, and raised its shoots upon the pieces of wood; (TA;) and ↓ اعرشهُ signifies the same as عرّشهُ: (Zj, O, TA:) or عرّشهُ signifies he bent the pieces of wood upon which its branches, or shoots, were trained. (TA.) 4 اعرش: see 1. b2: اعرش الكَرْمَ: see 2.5 تَعَرَّشْنَا We pitched our tent, or tents. (A, TA.) b2: تعرّش بِالبَلَدِ He became fixed, settled, or established, in the country, or town. (Az, O, K.) 8 اعترش He made, or took, for himself an عَرِيش. (O, K.) b2: اعترش العِنَبُ The grapes mounted (S, O, K) upon the عَرِيش, (O, K,) or, as in the Mufradát, upon their عريش, (TA,) or upon the عِرَاش [which may be a pl. of عَرِيشٌ, like عَرَائِشُ, or perhaps it is a mistranscription for this last word]: (S: so in two copies:) and in like manner, اعترش العِنَبُ العَرِيشَ: (L, TA: [expl. by عَلَاهُ عَلَى العِرَاشِ, which seems to be a mistake for عَلَا عَلَى العِرِيشِ:]) and اعترشت القُضْبَانُ عَلَى العَرِيشِ The branches, or shoots, mounted upon the عريش. (A, TA.) عَرْشٌ A booth, or shed, or thing constructed for shade, (مِظَلَّةٌ,) mostly made of canes, or reeds; (K;) and sometimes, (TA,) made of palm-sticks, over which is thrown ثُمَام [a species of panic grass]; (Mgh, TA:) as described by Az, on the authority of the Arabs; (TA;) and such is meant by the عَرْش of Moses: (Mgh:) a thing resembling a house, or tent, made of palm-sticks, over which is put ثُمَام; as also ↓ عَرِيشٌ: (Msb:) a booth, or shed, syn. خَيْمَةٌ, (K, TA,) made of wood and ثمان; (TA;) as also ↓ عَرِيشٌ; (S, A, * O, K;) and such is meant by the ↓ عَرِيش of Moses; (A;) and sometimes the ↓ عَرِيش was made of palm-sticks, with ثُمَام thrown over them: (TA:) both signify a thing, (S, O,) or a house, or the like, (K,) used for shade: (S, O, K:) pl. of the former, عُرُوشٌ (ISd, Mgh, Msb, K) and عُرُشٌ and أَعْرَاشٌ [which is a pl. of pauc.] and عِرَشَةٌ: (K:) or عُرُشٌ is pl. of ↓ عَرِيشٌ, (S, ISd, O, Msb,) not of عَرْشٌ: (ISd:) or it is also pl. of ↓ عَرِيشٌ: (K:) and عُرُوشٌ is also a pl. of ↓ عُرْشٌ, which is a pl. of ↓ عَرِيشٌ. (L.) Hence The houses of Mekkeh, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb,) in which the needy of its inhabitants dwelt, (Mgh,) or its ancient houses, (K,) were called العُرُوشُ, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and العُرُشُ, (S, Msb,) and ↓ العُرْشُ; (O, K;) because they were of poles, or sticks, set up, and shaded over: (S, O, Msb:) or Mekkeh itself was called ↓ العُرْشُ: (Az, O, L, K:) or it was called العَرْشُ, with fet-h, and ↓ العَرِيشُ: (Az, L, K:) and its houses were called ↓ العُرْشُ, and العُرُوشُ. (K.) And hence, (S, O, Msb,) the saying in a trad., (S, O,) i. e., the saying of Saad, (K, TA,) when he heard that Mo'áwiyeh forbade the performing conjointly the greater and minor pilgrimages, (TA,) تَمَتَّعْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفُلَانٌ كَافِرٌ بِالْعُرُشِ, (S, O, K, *) or بِالْعُرُوشِ, (S, TA,) i. e., [We performed conjointly the greater and minor pilgrimages with the Apostle of God, (God bless and save him,)] when such a one, meaning Mo'áwiyeh, was abiding (O, L, K) in his state of unbelief, (L,) in Mekkeh; (L, K;) i. e. in the houses thereof: (O, L:) or, as some say, was hiding himself in the houses of Mekkeh. (L.) b2: A house [in an absolute sense]; a dwelling, or place of abode: (Kr, TA:) pl. عُرُشٌ (TA) [and عُرُوشٌ]. b3: A [building of the kind called] قَصْر. (K.) b4: The wood upon which stands the drawer of water: (K:) or a structure of wood built at the head of the well, forming a shade: [pl. عُرُوشٌ:] when the props are pulled away, the عُرُوش fall down. (TA.) [عَرْشٌ in relation to a well has also another meaning; which see below.] b5: The wooden thing [or trellis] which serves for the propping of a grape-vine. (TA.) [But this is more commonly called عَرِيشٌ, q. v.] b6: The roof of a house or the like: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (A.) So in a trad., where a lamp is mentioned as suspended to the عرش: (O, TA:) and in another, in which a man relates that he used, when upon his عرش, to hear the Prophet's reciting [of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And so it has been expl. as occurring in the phrase of the Kur [ii. 261 and xxii. 44], خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا Having fallen down upon its roofs: meaning that its walls were standing when their roofs had become demolished and had fallen to the foundations, and the walls fell down upon the roofs demolished before them: (O, TA:) but some consider على as here meaning عَنْ [from]. (TA.) b7: [Hence, app.,] العَرْشُ is applied to The عَرْش of God, which is not definable: (A, K:) I'Ab is related to have said that the كُرْسِىّ is the place of the feet and the عَرْش is immeasurable: and it is said in the Mufradát of Er-Rághib that the عَرْش of God is one of the things which mankind know not in reality, but only by name; and it is not as the imaginations of the vulgar hold it to be; [namely, the throne of God;] for were it so, it would be a support to Him; not supported; whereas God saith [in the Kur., xxxv. 39], “Verily God holdeth the heavens and the earth, lest they should move from their place; and if they should move from their place, no one would hold them after Him: ” or, as some say, it is the highest sphere; [or the empyrean;] and the كرسىّ is the sphere of the stars: and they adduce as an indication thereof the saying of Mohammad, that the seven heavens and earths, by the side of the كرسىّ, are nought but as a ring thrown down in a desert land; and such is the كرسىّ with respect to the عَرْش: and this assertion is mentioned in the B, but without approval: (TA:) [it appears, however, to be most commonly accepted:] or a red sapphire, which glistens with the light of the Supreme. (A, K.) [Hence the saying,] مِنَ العَرْشِ إِلَى الفَرْشِ meaning, [From the highest sphere, or the empyrean, to] the earth. (A.) b8: Also The سَرِير [or throne] (S, A, O, Msb, K) of a king; (S, A, O, K;) the seat of a sultán; [perhaps as being likened to the عرش of God; or, more probably, from its being generally surmounted by a canopy; or] because of its height. (Er-Rághib.) [Hence,] the phrase اِسْتَوَى عَلَى

عَرْشِهِ means He reigned as king. (A, TA.) b9: And [hence, also,] Certain stars in advance of السِّمَاك الأَعْزَل [which is Spica Virginis]; (TA;) [app. those meant by what here follows;] عَرْشُ السِّمَاكِ signifies four small stars [app. γ, δ, ε, and η, of Virgo, regarded as the seat of Bootes, the principal star of which is called السِّمَاكُ الرَّامِحُ, being described as] beneath العَوَّآء [which is a name of Bootes and also of the four stars mentioned above], and also called عَجُزُ الأَسَدِ [the rump of Leo, the figure of which was extended by the Arabs far beyond the limits which we assign to it]. (S, O, K.) b10: And عَرْشُ الجَوْزَآءِ [The seat of Orion; applied by our astronomers to

α of Lepus; but described as] four stars, of which two are on the fore legs and two on the hind legs, of Lepus. (Kzw.) b11: And عَمْشُ الــثَّرَيَّا Certain stars near الــثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades]. (T, TA.) b12: عَرْشٌ also signifies The جَمَازَة; (O, K, TA;) i. e., the bier of a corpse. (O, TA.) and hence, as some say, the expression in a trad., اِهْتَزَّ العَرْشُ لِمَوْتِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ, meaning The bier rejoiced [lit. shook] at the death of Saad Ibn-Mo'ádh; i. e., at carrying him upon it to his place of burial: (O, K, * TA:) but there are other explanations, for which see art. هز. (TA.) b13: The wood with which a well is cased after it has been cased with stones (S, O, K) in its lowest part (S, O) to the height of the stature of a man: (S, O, K:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (S, O.) [Another meaning of the same word in relation to a well has been mentioned before.] b14: (assumed tropical:) The nest of a bird, such as is built in a tree, (K,) [app. as being likened to a booth.]

b15: The angle, or corner, or strongest side, syn. رُكْن, (Ks, Zj, K,) of a house, (Ks, Zj,) or [other] thing: (K:) pl. عُرُوشٌ. (Ks, Zj.) Accord. to some, the phrase in the Kur [ii. 261, mentioned above], خَاوِيَةٌ عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا, means Empty, and fallen to ruin upon its أَرْكَان [or angles, &c.]. (Ks, Zj, O.) b16: [Hence,] (tropical:) The head, or chief, who is the manager or regulator of the affairs, of a people, or company of men: (K:) likened to the عَرْش of a house. (TA.) b17: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) The means of support of a thing, or an affair. (A, O, K.) Hence the saying, ثُلَّ عَرْشُهُ, (O, K,) meaning (tropical:) His means of support became taken away: (TA:) or he perished: (A:) or he was slain; as also ↓ ثُلَّ عُرْشُهُ: (IDrd, in M, art. ثل:) or his might, or power, departed: (TA:) or his affairs, or state, became weak, and his might, or power, departed. (S, O. [See also art. ثل.] [For عَرْشٌ also signifies] b18: (tropical:) Might, or power: (Er-Rághib, K:) regal power; sovereignty; dominion: (IAar, Er-Rághib, K:) from the same word as signifying the throne, or seat, of a king. (Er-Rághib.) b19: And The protuberant part (S, O, K) in, (S, O,) or of, (K,) the upper surface of the foot, (S, O, K,) in which are the toes; (S, O, TA;) as also ↓ عُرْشٌ: pl. [of pauc.] أَعْرَاشٌ and [of mult.] عِرَشَةٌ: (O, TA:) and the part between the عَيْر [or prominent bone] and the toes, of the upper surface of the foot; as also ↓ عُرْشٌ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) pls. the same as last mentioned above: (K:) or ↓ عُرْشٌ signifies the upper surface of the foot; and its lower surface is called the أَخْمَص. (IAar.) عُرْشٌ, both as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَرْشٌ, last sentence, in three places: b2: and the same paragraph, first and second sentences, in four places: and see ثُلَّ عُرْشُهُ in the latter part of the same paragraph. b3: العُرْشَانِ signifies Two oblong portions of flesh in the two sides of the neck, [app. the two sterno-mastoid muscles,] (S, A, O, K, TA,) between which are the vertebræ [of the neck]: (TA:) or in the base of the neck: (K:) or the base [itself] of the neck: so in the phrase ثَلَّ عُرْشَيْهِ: (IDrd and M in art ثل, q. v.:) or the أَخْدَعَانِ [or two branches of the occipital artery], (TA, as from the K, [in which I do not find it,]) which are (TA) [in] the two places of the cuppingvessels: (K, TA:) or the أَخْدَعَانِ are in the عُرْشَانِ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) or the عُرْش is a vein in the base of the neck: (Th, O:) or the عُرْشَانِ are [app. the two greater cornua of the os hyoides, which forms a support to the tongue; two bones in the لَهَاة [meaning furthest part of the mouth], which erect the tongue. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) It is related in a trad., respecting the slaying of Aboo-Jahl, that he said to Ibn-Mes'ood, خُذْ سَيْفِى فَاجْتَزَّ بِهِ رَأْسِي مِنْ عُرْشَيَّ [Take thou my sword, and cut with it my head from my عُرْشَانِ]. (O, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) The ear: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) the two ears: because near to the عُرْشَانِ [properly so called]: hence the saying, نَفَثَ فِى عُرْشَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) He spoke secretly to him, or with him. (As, A, O.) b5: And The extremity of the hair of the mane of a horse: (IDrd, O, K:) or so العُرْشُ. (TA.) b6: Also, (K,) or العُرْشُ, (TA [and thus accord. to a verse there cited],) The bulky she-camel; as though her chest were cased like a well. (K, TA. [See 1.]) عَرِيشٌ: see عَرْشٌ, first and second sentences, in several places. b2: Also, (K,) or عَرِيشُ كَرْمٍ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) [The trellis of a grape-vine;] the structure made for a grape-vine, of sticks, or pieces of wood, in the form of a roof, upon which are put the branches, or shoots, of the vine; (K, * TA;) [also, but less commonly, called عَرْشٌ;] the structure made for a grape-vine to rise upon it; (Mgh;) the elevated structure upon which a grape-vine spreads itself: (Msb:) pl. عَرَائِشُ, (Mgh, Msb,) [and perhaps عِرَاشٌ also: see 8.]

b3: Also, عَرِيشٌ, A thing resembling a هَوْدَج, (S, O, K,) but not [exactly the same as] it, made for a woman, who sits in it upon her camel: (S, O:) so called as being likened in form to the عريش of a vine: (Er-Rághib:) or ↓ عَرِيشَةٌ, with ة, is the same as هودج; and its pl. is عَرَائِشُ, (Msb,) which signifies the same as هَوَادِجُ. (ISh, A.) b4: And An enclosure of the kind called حَظِيرَة, made for beasts, to protect them from the cold. (TA.) عَرِيشَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عُرُوشَاتٌ Grape-vines. (TA.) كُرُومٌ مَعْرُشَاتٌ [Grape-vines furnished with, or trained upon, عَرَائِش, or trellises, pl. of عَرِيشٌ]. (S.) b2: بِئْرٌ مَعْرُوشَةٌ [A well cased with what is termed an عَرْش]. (S.) b3: Hence, (O,) مَعْرُوشُ الجَنْبَيْنِ A camel large in the sides. (O, K.)

عرض

1 عَرُضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عِرَضٌ, [instead of which, as a simple subst., عَرْضٌ is generally used,] and عَرَاضَةٌ, It was, or became, broad, or wide; (S, O, * Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ اعرض, (A, TA,) which occurs in this sense in two exs. following. (TA.) [And in like manner, ↓ استعرض It grew, or spread, wide; said of a tree; opposed to طَالَ; occurring in the TA in art. بهل.] It is said in a prov., القِرْفَةُ ↓ أَعْرَضَتِ (S, O, * TA [but in two copies of the S, I find the verb in this instance written اعرضتُ, and in the O اعرضتَ, and I do not know that the reading in the TA, which seems to be the common one, is found in any copy of the S,]) Suspicion became, or has become, wide; syn. اِتَّسَعَت: (TA:) used when it is said to a man, “ Whom dost thou suspect ? ” and he answers, “ The sons of such a one,” referring to the whole tribe. (S, O, TA.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 112, where another reading is mentioned, which, by what he says, is shown to be أَعْرَضْتَ القِرْفَةَ Thou hast made suspicion wide.] In another prov. it is said, ثَوْبُ المَلْبَسِ ↓ أَعْرَضَ (IAar, A, TA, and K in art. لبس,) and المِلْبَسِ and المُلْبِسِ (IAar, and K in art. لبس,) and المُلْتَبِسِ (TA in art. لبس) i. e. صَارَ ذَا عَرْضٍ, (A, TA,) and عَرُضَ, and اِتَّسَعَ; (Sh;) [meaning the same as the prov. before mentioned;] used with reference to him whose suspicion has become wide; (IAar, and TA in art. لبس;) i. e. with reference to him who suspects many persons (IAar, Az, and K in art. لبس,) of a theft; (IAar, Az, and TA in that art.;) or of saying a thing: (TS, and TA in that art.:) or when thou askest a person respecting a thing and he does not explain it to thee. (TA in that art.) [See, again, Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 100, where it is said that أَعْرَضَ ثَوْبُ المُلْبِسِ app. means The garment of the suspected appeared, or has appeared: but that another reading is عَرُضَ, meaning became, or has become, wide.]

A2: عَرَضَ, aor. ـِ (Fr, S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ; (TA:) and عَرِضَ, (As, TS, K,) aor. ـَ (Fr, K,) or ـِ like حَسِبَ, aor. ـِ deviating from the general rule; (As, TS;) It (a thing) appeared, or became apparent, لَهُ to him; (S, O, Msb, K; [but in some copies of the K, instead of the explanation ظَهَرَ وَبَدَا, we find ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ وَبَدَا, which is a mistake;]) as also ↓ اعرض, (Fr, S, O, Msb, K,) which is a deviation from a general rule, being quasi pass. of عَرَضَهُ, which see below; (S, * O, * Msb, K;) [lit.] it showed its breadth, or width. (O, * TA.) You say, لَكَ الشَّىْءُ ↓ اعرض مِنْ بَعِيدٍ The thing appeared to thee from afar. (TA.) And عَرَضَتْ لَهُ الغُولُ, and عَرِضَتْ, (Az, S, O, K,) The ghool appeared to him. (K.) The Arabs say, of a thing, عَرَضَ and ↓ اعرض and ↓ تعرّض and ↓ اعترض, using these verbs as syn.; (Sh;) [app. as meaning It showed, presented, or offered, itself, (lit. its breadth, or width, or its side, see 5,) to a person: the first and last also often signify, and the others sometimes, he obtruded himself in an affair; interfered therein:] IKt disallows ↓ اعرض in the sense of اعترض, as not having been found by him: (TA:) [but] an instance of the former of these two verbs used in the sense of the latter of them occurs in the phrase لِلنَّاظِرِينَ ↓ إِذَا أُعْرَضَتْ [app. meaning When she shows, or presents, herself to the lookers], in a poem by one of the tribe of Teiyi. (Sh.) b2: عَرَضَ لَكَ الخَيْرُ, [in one place in the TA الخَبَرَ, and الخبر in a copy of the Msb,] inf. n. عَرْضٌ; (TA; [in one place in the TA عُرُوضٌ there referring to الخَبَرُ, which is app. a mistranscription;]) and ↓ اعرض; (S, O, K, TA;) Good [i. e. the doing of good] hath become within thy power, or practicable to thee, or easy to thee. (S, O, K, TA.) And لَكَ الظَّبْىُ ↓ اعرض The gazelle hath exposed to thee its side; (TA;) or hath put its side in thy power, (S, O, K, TA,) by turning it towards thee: (O, TA:) said to incite one to shoot it, or cast at it. (S, O.) Or لَكَ ↓ اعرض, said of an animal of the chase, or other thing, signifies It hath put in thy power, [or exposed to thee,] its breadth, or width: (A:) or لَهُ ↓ اعرض signifies it (a thing) became within his power, or practicable to him, or easy to him; lit., it showed its side [to him]. (Mgh.) [In the TA, I find أَعْرَضَ فِى الشَّىْءِ expl. as signifying He had the width of the thing in his power: but فى, here, seems to be a mistake for لَهُ.] A poet, also, says ↓ أَعْرِضِى addressing a woman; meaning أَمْكِنِى

[Empower thou; i. e. grant thou access]. (S.) b3: عَرَضَ لَهُ, aor. ـِ (As, S, K, TA;) and عَرِضَ, aor. ـَ (TA;) are also said of an event, (As, TA,) or of a disease, and the like, (S, K, TA,) such as disquietude of mind, and a state of distraction of the mind or attention; (TA;) [meaning It happened to him; it befell him; it occurred to him; was incident to him;] and also of doubt, and the like. (TA.) [So, too, is ↓ اعترض.] You also say, عَرَضَهُ عَارِضٌ مِنَ الحُمَّى وَنَحْوِهَا [An occurrence of fever, and the like, happened to him, or befell him]. (S.) And البَدَنَ ↓ اعترض [It befell the body] is said of [a disease, as, for instance,] the mange, or scab. (B, in TA in art. عر.) b4: عَرَضَ لَهُ, aor. ـِ (Msb, TA;) and عَرِضَ له, aor. ـَ (Msb;) He intervened as an obstacle to him, preventing him from attaining his desire, (Msb, TA, *) or from seeking to attain his desire, and from going his way; (TA;) as also له ↓ اعترض. (Msb.) Yousay also, عَرَضَ لَهُ أَشَدَّ العَرْضِ, and ↓ اعترض, He opposed himself to him (قَابَلَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ) with the most vehement opposition of himself. (TA.) See also 5, second sentence. One should not say, عرّضتُ لَهُ, with teshdeed, in the sense of اِعْتَرَضْتُ. (Msb.) You also say, عَرَضَ عَارِضٌ, meaning [An obstacle intervened, or prevented; lit.] an intervening thing intervened; a preventing thing prevented. (TA.) And سِرْتُ فَعَرَضَ لِى فِى الطَّرِيقِ عَارِضٌ مِنْ جَبَلٍ

وَنَحْوِهِ I journeyed, and there opposed itself to me, so as to prevent my going on, an obstacle consisting in a mountain, and the like; as also ↓ اعترض: whence the اِعْتِرَاضَات [or objections] of the lawyers; because they prevent one's laying hold upon the evidence. (Msb.) And عَرَضَ لَهُ الشَّىْءُ فِى الطَّرِيقِ The thing intervened as an obstacle to him in the way, preventing him from going on. (TA.) And عَرَضَ الشَّىْءُ The thing stood up and prevented; [or stood in the way, or presented itself as an obstacle; or opposed itself;] as also ↓ اعترض. (TA.) [And The thing lay, or extended, breadthwise, or across, or athwart; like اعترض, q. v.] And الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ ↓ اعترض The thing intervened as an obstacle in the way to the thing; syn. حَالَ. (S, O.) b5: مَا عَرَضْتُ لَهُ بِسُوْءٍ, aor. ـِ and ما عَرِضْتُ, aor. ـَ signify ما تَعَرَّضْتُ: see 5: or, as some say, I did not, or have not, become exposed to his reviling, or evilspeaking, by reviling, or speaking evil, of him. (Msb.) [See also عَرَضَ عِرْضَهُ, below.] b6: عَرَضَ لَهُ also signifies He went towards him; (TA in art. نحو;) and عَرَضَ عَرْضَهُ and عُرْضَهُ [the same, i. e.] نَحَا نَحْوَهُ; (K;) as also عرضه ↓ اعترض (TA.) b7: In the saying of El-Kumeyt, فَأَبْلِغْ يَزِيدَ إِنْ عَرَضْتَ وَمُنْذِرًا he means [And convey thou to Yezeed,] if thou pass by him, [and to Mundhir: or perhaps, if thou go to him: or if thou present thyself to him.] (S.) b8: عَرَضَ الفَرَسُ, (L, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (L, TA,) The horse went along inclining towards one side: (K, TA:) or ran inclining his breast and head: (L, TA:) and ran inclining his head and neck; (K; [in which only the inf. n. of the verb in this last sense is mentioned;]) the doing of which is approved in horses, but disapproved in camels. (TA.) [See also 3, and 5.] b9: عَرَضَ البَعِيرُ, (K,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (TA,) The camel ate of the أَعْرَاض, i. e. of the upper parts of the trees [or shrubs]. (K.) b10: عَرَضَتْ, said of a she-camel, A fracture, (S, O, K,) or some injurious accident, (S, O,) befell her; (S, O, K;) as also عَرِضَتْ; (O, K;) but the former is the more approved: (TA:) and عَرَضَ لَهَا a disease, or a fracture, befell her. (TA, from a trad.) Also, said of a sheep, or goat, (شاة,) It died by disease. (K.) and عَرِضَ الشَّآءُ The sheep, or goats, burst, or became rent, from abundance of herbage. (K.) and عَرَضَ, (IKtt,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (K,) He (an animal, IKtt, or a man, K, [but it is said in the TA that there is no reason for this restriction,]) died without disease. (IKtt, K.) b11: عَرَضَ بِسِلْعَتِهِ i. q. عَارَضَ بِهَا. (K.) See 3, in two places. [and under the same, see a similar phrase.] b12: عَرَضَ He (a man, S, O) came to العَرُوض, i. e. Mekkeh and El-Medeeneh, (S, O, K, TA,) and El-Yemen, (TA,) and what is around them. (S, O, K, TA.) A3: عَرَضَ الشَّىْءَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (Msb,) He made the thing apparent; showed it; exhibited it; manifested it; exposed it to view; presented it; (S, O, Msb, K;) unfolded it; laid it open: and also he mentioned it: (Msb:) [lit. he showed its breadth, or width, or its side: and hence it also signifies he made the thing to stand as an obstacle, دُونَ شَىْءٍ in the way to, or of, a thing.] You say, عَرَضَ لَهُ الشَّىْءَ He made apparent, showed, exhibited, manifested, or exposed to view, to him the thing; (S, O, K;) unfolded it, or laid it open, to him. (S, TA.) And عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرَ كَذَا (S, O, K *) He showed, propounded, or proposed, to him, such a thing, or such a case: (K, * TA:) [and he asked, or required, of him, with gentleness, the doing of such a thing; for]

العَرْضُ signifies طَلَبٌ بِلِينٍ, (Mughnee and K, voce أَلَا,) or طَلَبٌ بِلِينٍ وَتَأَدُّبٍ. (Mughnee voce لَوْلَا.) And عَرَضْتُ المَتَاعَ لِلْبَيْعِ [I showed, exposed, presented, or offered, the commodity for sale; or] I showed the commodity to those desirous of purchasing it. (Msb.) The phrase عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ المَتَاعَ [He showed, or offered, to him the commodity] is used because the person shows to the other the length and breadth of the thing (طُولَهُ وَعَرْضَهُ), or because he shows him one of its sides (عُرْضًا مِنْ أَعْرَاضِهِ). (Mgh.) [Hence,] it is said in a trad. of Hodheyfeh, تُعْرَضُ الفِتَنُ عَلَى القُلُوبِ عَرْضَ الحَصِيرِ, which means, accord. to some, that فِتَن [Temptations, &c.,] will be [displayed and] embellished to the hearts of men like [as] the ornamented and variegated garment called حصير [is displayed and embellished]: (B, TA in art. حصر:) or the meaning is, that they will be laid and spread upon the hearts like the حصير: (IAth, TA in the present art.:) and some say that by this last word is here meant a certain vein extending across upon the side of a beast, towards the belly. (TA in art. حصر.) [Hence also,] عَرْضٌ سَابِرِىٌّ [A slight exhibition: (see art. سبر:)] so in the proverbs by A'Obeyd, in the handwriting of Ibn-El-Jawáleekee: (TA:) or عَرْضُ سَابِرِىٍّ: (TA, and so in a copy of the S in this art.:) or عَرْضَ سَابِرِىٍّ. (O, TA, and so in a copy of the S in this art.) With this agrees in meaning the saying عَرَضَ عَلَىَّ سَوْمَ عَالَّةٍ [He offered to me in the manner of offering water to camels taking a second draught: see also arts. سوم and عل; and see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 84]. (TA.) Yousay also, عَرَضْتُ الجَارِيَةَ عَلَى البَيْعِ [I showed, or displayed, or exposed, or offered, the girl for sale]: (S, O, TA:) and in like manner المَتَاعَ [the commodity]. (TA.) And عَرَضْتُ لَهُ ثَوْبًا مَكَانَ حَقِّهِ; (S, O;) and عَرَضْتُ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّهِ ثَوْبًا, (S, O, K,) or مَتَاعًا, (TA,) this meaning, [as also the former phrase,] I gave to him a garment, or piece of cloth, [or a commodity,] in place of his due: (S, O, K:) and in like manner, عرضت بِهِ. (El-Umawee, TA.) And عَرَضْتُ البَعِيرَ عَلَى

الحَوْضِ, which is an instance of inversion, meaning عَرَضْتُ الحَوْضَ عَلَى البَعِيرِ [I showed the watering-trough to the camel]: (S, O, Msb:) [or it agrees in meaning with the phrase] عَرَضَ النَّاقَةَ عَلَى الحَوْضِ, and ↓ أَعْرَضَهَا, [as rendered] He offered to the she-camel to drink [at the wateringtrough]. (L, TA.) And عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى السَّيْفِ [lit. He exposed them to the sword; (see also 2;) meaning] he slew them (S, A, O, Msb, K) with the sword. (Msb.) And عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى السَّوْطِ He beat them with the whip; he flogged them. (K, * TA.) And عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ He burned them. (A, TA.) And عَرَضْتُ العَسَلَ عَلَى النَّارِ I cooked the honey [upon the fire] to separate it from the wax. (Msb.) [And عَرَضَ نَفْسَهُ لِلْهَلَاكِ He exposed himself to destruction.] b2: عَرْضٌ also signifies The bringing a man before a judge, and accusing him. (IAar, in TA, art. عقب.) [and The presenting, or addressing, a petition, &c., with عَلَى or لِ before the word signifying the person to whom it is presented or addressed.] b3: One says also, مَا يَعْرِضُكَ لِفُلَانٍ, (S, [so in two copies,] and O,) or مَا يَعْرُضَكَ, (L, TA,) with fet-h to the ى and damm to the ر, (L,) the verb being coordinate to نَصَرَ: (TA:) [app. meaning What causeth thee to present thyself to such a one?]: Yaakoob disallows one's saying ↓ مَا يُعَرِّضُكَ لِفُلَانٍ, with teshdeed. (S, O, TA.) [But the latter of these two verbs has a signification nearly allied to that which is here assigned to the former, and exactly agreeing with one mentioned before. See 2.] b4: عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ, (S, Msb,) and عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ عَرْضَ العَيْنِ, (S, O,) or عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ, (A, K, B, except that in the A and B we find الجَيْشَ instead of الجند,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (Yoo, S,) He made the army, or body of soldiers, to pass by him, and examined their state, (S, O, K,) what it was: (S, O:) [i. e. he reviewed them:] or he made them to pass before him in review, that he might know who was absent and who was present: (A, B:) or he caused them to come forth, and examined them, that he might know them: (Msb:) and you say also, ↓ اعترضهُمْ, (S, O, K,) meaning [the same, or] he made them to pass by him, or before him, and examined them, one by one, (K, TA,) to see who were absent from those who were present. (TA.) You say also, ↓ اعترض المَتَاعَ وَنَحْوَهُ and عَلَى عَيْنِهِ ↓ اعترضهُ [He examined the commodity, and the like thereof, having it displayed before his eye]. (Th.) [See also عَرْضٌ.]

b5: عَرَضْتُ الكِتَابَ, (S, O, Msb,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (Msb,) I read, or recited, the writing, or book: (O, TA: [in the S it is unexplained, but immediately followed by عَرَضْتُ الجُنْدَ عَرْضَ العَيْنِ:]) or I recited it by heart, or memory. (Msb.) A4: عَرَضَ عِرْضَهُ, aor. ـِ (TA;) and ↓ اعترضهُ; (A, TA;) [perhaps originally signified He examined his grounds of pretension to respect, or the like: and then became used to express a frequent consequence of doing so; i. e.] he spoke evil of him; reviled him; detracted from his reputation: (A, TA:) or he corresponded to him, or equalled him, in grounds of pretension to respect: (TA:) [the former seems to be the more probable of the two meanings; for it is said that] فُلَانًا ↓ اعترض signifies he spoke evil of such a one; reviled him; detracted from his reputation; (Lth, S, O, K;) and annoyed him. (Lth, TA.) A5: عَرَضَ الشَّىْءَ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (TA,) He hit the side (عُرْض) of the thing. (K.) A6: عَرَضَ العُودَ عَلَى

الإِنَآءِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and السَّيْفَ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ and عَرِضَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) in both phrases, (O, K,) [J says, in the S, app. referring, not, as SM thinks, to the latter of the two phrases, but to the meaning, “this, only, with damm,”] He put the stick breadthwise, across, athwart, or crosswise, (مَعْرُوضًا, TA, or بِالعَرْضِ, Msb, TA, both meaning the same, TA,) upon the vessel, (Msb, TA,) [and so the sword upon his thigh: and ↓ عرّضهُ signifies the same.] b2: عَرَضَ الرُّمْحَ, aor. ـِ [and probably عَرُضَ also,] inf. n. عَرْضٌ; and ↓ عرّضهُ, inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ; (TA:) He turned, or placed, the spear sideways; contr. of سَدَّدَهُ. (S, in art. سد, relating to the former verb; and L, in the same art., relating to the latter verb.) b3: عَرَضَ الرَّامِى القَوْسَ, inf. n. عَرْضٌ, The archer laid the bow upon its side on the ground, and then shot with it. (TA.) b4: The saying of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee, cited, but not expl., by Th, فَعَرَضْتُهُ فِى سَاقِ أَسْمَنِهَا is thought by ISd to mean And I made its (the sword's) breadth to become concealed in the thigh of the fattest of them. (TA.) A7: عَرَضَهُ He fed him: (Fr, TA:) [or he offered, or presented, to him food: for] عُرِضُوا signifies They were fed: and they had food offered, or presented, to them. (L, TA.) [See also 2, in the last quarter.] b2: عَرَضَ الحَوْضَ and القِرْبَةَ He filled the wateringtrough and the water-skin. (K.) A8: عَرَضَ الشَّوْكَ: see 8, near the end.

A9: عَرَضَ بَعِيرَهُ, inf. n. عَرْضٌ, He branded his camel with the mark called عِرَاض; (S;) and so ↓ عرّضهُ: (S, TA:) and عُرِضَ البَعِيرُ, inf. n. as above, The camel was branded with that mark. (K.) A10: عَرَضْتُهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (K, TA,) I defrauded, or deceived, him in selling. (K.) A11: عُرِضَ, (K,) or عُرِضَ لَهُ, (A, TA,) inf. n. عَرْضٌ, (K,) He was, or became, mad, or insane, or possessed by jinn or by a jinnee: (A, K:) or he was, or became, affected, by a touch, or stroke, from the jinn. (TA.) 2 عرّضهُ, inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ, He made it (a thing) broad, or wide; (S, K;) as also ↓ اعرضهُ, (Lth, S, K,) inf. n. إِعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b2: See also 1, near the end, in three places. b3: تَعَرِيضٌ also signifies The speaking obliquely, indirectly, obscurely, ambiguously, or equivocally; contr. of تَصْرِيحٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as when thou askest a man, “ Hast thou seen such a one? ” and he, having seen him, and disliking to lie, answers, “Verily such a one is seen: ” (Msb:) or the making a phrase, or the like, to convey an allusion, or an indication not expressly mentioned therein; as when you say “ How foul is niggardliness! ” alluding to such a one's being a niggard (تُعَرِّضُ بِأَنَّهُ بَخِيلٌ): differing from كِنَايَةٌ, which is the mentioning of the consequence and meaning that of which it is the consequence; as when you say “ Such a one has a long suspensory cord to his sword, and has many ashes of the cooking-pot; ”

meaning that he is tall of stature, and one who entertains many guests: (Mgh:) [but many hold these two words to be identical in meaning.] You say, عَرَّضْتُ لِفُلَانٍ and بِفُلَانٍ, i. e. I said something [in the manner explained above], meaning such a one. (S, Msb.) [See also an ex. voce كَلَّآءٌ.] 'Omar defined [or rather explained]

التَّعْرِيضُ بِالفَاحِشَةِ [The making an allusion to that which is foul, or obscene] by the instance of a man saying to another “ My father is not an adulterer, nor is my mother an adulteress. ” (O, TA.) Or, accord. to the early authorities, عرّض signifies He used a phrase susceptible of different meanings, or an equivocal phrase, by which the hearer understood a meaning different from that which he (the speaker) intended: or, accord. to the later authorities, as Et-Teftezánee, he mentioned a thing by a proper or tropical or metonymical expression, to signify some other thing, which he did not mention; as when one says, “I heard him whom thou hatest praying for thee, and making good mention of thee; ” meaning in his praying for the Muslims in general. (El-Munáwee, in explaining the trad. إِنَّ فِى المَعَارِيضِ الخ, which see below, voce مِعْرَاضٌ.) تعريض with respect to the demanding of a woman in marriage in [the period of] her عِدَّة, [during which she may not contract a new marriage,] is the using language which resembles a demand of her in marriage, but does not plainly express it; as the saying to her “ Verily thou art beautiful,” or “ Verily there is a desire for thee,” or “ Verily women are of the things that I need: ” and تعريض is sometimes made by the quoting of proverbs, and by the introducing of enigmas in one's speech. (TA.) [When followed by عَلَى, it signifies The making an indirect objection against a person or saying &c.] b4: Also عرّض, (S, O,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He wrote indistinctly; (S, O, K;) not making the letters distinct, nor the handwriting rightly formed or disposed. (TA.) A2: تَعْرِيضٌ also sigsifies The making a thing to be exposed [or liable] to another thing. (K, [It is there expl., with the article ال prefixed to it, by the words أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لِلشَّىْءِ ↓ الشَّىْءَ عَرْضًا, or ↓ عَرَضًا, accord. to different copies; the latter (which see, last sentence but one,) app. the right reading; meaning مَعْرُوضًا, whichever be the right; for an inf. n. may be used in the sense of a pass. part. n.; and many a word of the measure فَعَلٌ is used in that sense, as, for instance, خَبَطٌ and نَفَضٌ and هَدَمٌ. That I have rightly rendered the above-mentioned explanation in the K is indicated by what here immediately follows.]) Hence the trad. مَا عَظُمَتْ نِعْمَةُ اللّٰهِ عَلَى عَبْدٍ إِلَّا عَظُمَتْ مَؤُونَةُ النَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْتَمِلْ تِلْكَ المَؤُونَةَ فَقَدْ عَرَّضَ تِلْكَ النِّعْمَةَ لِلزَّوَالِ [The blessing of God upon a servant, or man, hath not become great but the burden of other men upon him hath become great; and he who doth not take upon himself that burden causeth that blessing to be exposed to cessation]. (O, TA.) You also say, هُوَ لَهُ ↓ عَرَّضْتُ فُلَانًا لِكَذَا فَتَعَرَّضَ [I caused such a one to expose himself, or I exposed him, to such a thing, and he exposed himself, or became exposed, to it], (S, O, *) i. e. ↓ جَعَلْتُهُ عَرَضًا لِكَذَا. (O.) See also 1, last quarter. b2: Also The giving a thing in exchange for, as an equivalent for, or in the place of, another thing. (TA.) b3: And The act of bartering, or selling, a commodity for a like commodity. (K, * TA.) See 3, in two places. b4: And The giving what is termed an عُرَاضَة: (TA:) and the feeding with what is so termed: (K:) or the giving food of what is so termed. (S.) [See also 1, near the end.] It is said in a trad., respecting a company of travelling merchants making presents to Mohammad and Aboo-Bekr, عَرَّضُوهُمَا ثِيَابًا بِيضًا They gave to both of them white garments, or pieces of cloth. (L.) And you say, عَرَّضُوهُمْ مَحْضًا They gave them to drink [unmixed] milk. (TA.) And عَرِّضُونَا Give ye to us food of your عُرَاضَة; your wheat, or corn, which ye have brought. (S, TA.) b5: عرّض المَاشِيَةَ, inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ, He made the cattle to have such pasturage as rendered them in no need of being fed with fodder. (TA.) A3: عرّض, (IAar, O,) inf. n. تَعْرِيضٌ (K,) also signifies He became possessed of عَارِضَة [i. e. courage, or courage and energy], (IAar, O, K,) and strength, or power, (IAar, O,) and a faculty of speech, (IAar, O, K,) or, as in the Tekmileh, and power of speech. (TA.) A4: And He kept continually to the eating of عِرْضَان, (O, * K, TA, [in the O عِرَاض,]) pl. of عَرِيضٌ. (TA.) A5: See also 4, last sentence.3 عَاْرَضَ [عَارضهُ has two contr. significations, which are unequivocally expressed by saying عارضهُ بِالخِلَافِ and عارضهُ بِالوِفَاقِ. (See عَانَدَهُ.) Thus one says,] عارضهُ, (Msb,) inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ, (TA,) He opposed him [being opposed by him]. (Kull p. 342.) b2: And [He vied, competed, or contended for superiority, with him; emulated, rivalled, or imitated, him;] he did like as he (the latter) did. (Msb, TA.) You say also, عَارَضْتُهُ بِمِثْلِ مَا صَنَعَ, (S, O,) or بِمِثْلِ صَنِيعِهِ, (K,) I did to him like as he did: (S, O, K:) whence المُعَارَضَة [in trafficking, as will be seen below]: as though the breadth (عَرْض) of the action of the one were like the breadth of the action of the other. (O, K.) And عارضهُ بِمَا صَنَعَهُ He requited him for that which he did. (L.) b3: [Hence] مُعَارَضَةٌ also signifies The selling a commodity for another commodity; exchanging it for another; as also عَرْضٌ: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ تَعْرِيضٌ, the act of bartering, or selling a commodity for a like commodity. (K, * TA.) You say, عارض بِسِلْعَتِهِ; and بِهَا ↓ عَرَضَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَرْضٌ; (TA;) He exchanged his commodity; giving one commodity and taking another; (TA:) and مَتَاعَهُ ↓ عرّض he sold his commodity for another commodity. (TK.) Also عارضهُ بِالبَيْعِ (M and L in art. بد) and بَاعَهُ مُعَارَضَةً (S and K in that art.) [He bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him]. And ↓ أَخَذْتُ هٰذِهِ السِّلْعَةَ عَرْضًا I took this commodity giving another in exchange for it. (TA.) And when persons demand blood of other persons, and they [the latter] do not retaliate for them, they [the latter] say, نَحْنُ نَعْرِضُ مِنْهُ [We will give a compensation for it]: and they [the former] accept (اعترضوا) the bloodwit. (L.) b4: You say also, عَارَضْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ فَعَرَضْتُهُ [I vied with him in endeavouring to defraud, or deceive, in selling, or buying,] and I defrauded, or deceived, him therein. (K, * TA.) And عارضهُ بِالمَجْدِ [He vied, or competed, or contended, with him, or emulated him, or rivalled him, in glory, or honour, &c.]: (L and K in art. مجد:) and in like manner عارضهُ بِالفَخْرِ. (K in art. فخر.) See 6. b5: عارضهُ, (O, K,) or عارضهُ فِى المَسِيرِ (S,) or فى السَّيْرِ, (A,) He went along over against him; or on the opposite side to him; (S, A, O, K;) in a corresponding manner; (TA;) [each taking the side opposite to the other.] b6: [Hence. عارضهُ as signifying It (a tract &c.) lay over against him. Also as syn. with اعرض عَنْهُ.] See 4. b7: [Hence also,] عارض, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ, (TA,) He took to one side (S, O, K *) of the way, or ways, (accord. to different copies of the K,) while another took to another way, so that they both met. (TA. [See 3 in arts. خزم and زم.]) El-Ba'eeth says, مَدَحْنَا لَهَا رَوْقَ الشَّبَابِ فَعَارَضَتْ جَنَابَ الصِّبَا فِى كَاتِمِ السِّرِّ أَعْجَمَا [cited in the S, voce رَيِّق, but with رَيْقَ, in the place of رَوْقَ, and there ascribed to Lebeed,] meaning, accord. to ISk, [We praised to her the first part of youth, and thereupon] she took to the side of الصبا [or youthful foolishness, and amorous dalliance], or, as another says, she entered with us into it, in a manner not open, but making it appear to us that she was entering with us; جناب الصبا meaning جَنْبَهُ. (TA.) b8: عارض الجِنَازَةَ He came to the bier, or the bier conveying the corpse, intermediately (مُعْتَرِضًا), in a part of the way, not following it from the abode of the deceased: (O, K, TA:) said of Mohammad, in a trad. respecting the funeral of Aboo-Tálib. (O, TA.) b9: عارض المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. عِرَاضٌ and مُعَارَضَةٌ, He came in to the woman [indirectly, or] unlawfully; (Sgh, K, TA;) i. e. without marriage and without possession [of her as his slave]. (Sgh, TA.) Hence the saying, جَآءَتْ بِوَلَدٍ عَنْ عِرَاضٍ and مُعَارَضَةٍ She brought forth a child in consequence of a man's having so come in to her: (K:) or a child whose father was unknown. (A, O, TA.) [Hence also,] اِبْنُ مُعَارَضَةٍ i. q. سَفِيحٌ; (O, K;) i. e. A son the offspring of fornication. (O, TA.) b10: الجَوْزَآءُ تَمُرُّ عَلَى جَنْبٍ وَتُعَارِضُ النُّجُومَ, inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ, [Orion passes along towards one side, and is oblique in its course with respect to the other stars;] i. e. it is not direct [in the disposition of its stars, particularly of the three conspicuous stars of the belt, with respect to its course] in the sky. (As, S, O.) [See also 5.] b11: عارض الرِّيحَ, said of a camel, (TA,) [He turned his side to the wind;] he did not face the wind nor turn his back to it. (A, TA.) b12: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ مُعَارَضَةً He looked at him, or towards him, sideways, or obliquely. (A, TA.) You say also, نَظَرَ عَنْ مُعَارَضَةٍ [He looked sideways, or obliquely]. (TA in art. خزر.) and you say of a she-camel, تَمْشِى مُعَارَضَةً لِلنَّشَاطِ [She goes obliquely by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness]. (S, K. * [See again 5, latter half.]) b13: عارض الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ He compared the thing with the thing. (Msb.) You say, عارض الكِتَابَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُعَارَضَةٌ and عِرَاضٌ, (TA,) He compared, or collated, the writing, or book, (S, O, K,) بِكِتَابٍ آخَرَ with another writing, or book. (S, * O, * TA.) And كَتَبَ كِتَابًا عَنْ مُعَارَضَةٍ [He copied, or transcribed, the writing, or book]. (K in art. نسخ.) b14: And المُعَارَضَةُ is syn. with المُدَارَسَةُ [probably as meaning The reading, or studying, with another]. (TA.) A2: ضَرَبَ النَّاقَةَ عِرّاضًا [He covered the she-camel agreeably with her desire] is said when the stallion is offered to her, and if she desire he covers her, but otherwise he does not: (S, O, TA:) in the K it is said, if he desire her; which is wrong: (TA:) this is because of her generous quality. (S, O, TA.) b2: And لَقِحَتْ عِرَاضًا She (a camel) conceived by a stallion, she not being of the camels among which he was sent. (AO, TA.) b3: See also 8, near the end.4 اعرض: see 1, first sentence; and in thirteen places after that, as far as the break after the words “ grant thou access. ” b2: Also He went wide (S, O, Msb, K) and long; (S, O, K;) فِى الشَّىْءِ [in the thing]; (Msb;) and فِى المَكَارِمِ (tropical:) [in generous actions]. (TA.) b3: اعرض عَنْهُ, (S, * O, * Msb, K,) inf. n. إِعْرَاضٌ, (S, O,) He turned away from, avoided, shunned, and left, it; (S, O, Msb, K;) lit. he took a side (عُرْضًا i. e. جَانِبًا) other than the side in which it was: (Msb:) or he turned his back upon it: (IAth, TA:) and [in like manner]

↓ عارضهُ he turned aside, or away, from him; avoided him; shunned him; (S, O, K;) lit. he became aside with respect to him. (TA.) A2: اعرضهُ: see 2, first signification. b2: أَعْرَضَتْ بِوُلْدِهَا She (a woman) brought forth her children broad [in make]; expl. by the words وَلَدَتْهُمْ عِرَاضًا; (S, O, K;) [not meaning عَنْ عِرَاضٍ, (see 3,) as Freytag, deviating from Golius, has understood it; unless SM be in error; for he says that] the last word in this explanation is pl. of عَرِيضٌ. (TA.) b3: اعرض المَسْأَلَةَ He put, or expressed, the question broadly; (Mgh;) widely; (Mgh, TA;) largely. (TA.) b4: اعرض النَّاقَةَ عَلَى الحَوْضِ: see عَرَضَ, latter half. b5: اعرض العِرْضَانَ He put for sale the عرضان [pl. of عَرِيضٌ, q. v.]. (O.) b6: And (O) He castrated the عرضان. (S, IKtt, O.) b7: [And app. He circumcized a boy: or so ↓ عرّض: see مُعَرِّضٌ.]5 تعرّض: see عَرَضَ, near the beginning, where these two verbs, and اعرض and اعترض, are said to be used as syn.; [app. as meaning It showed, presented, or offered, itself, to a person; lit. it showed, or presented, its breadth, or width; or, as تعرّض is expl. in the EM p. 19, it showed its عُرْض, i. e. side: this, or it, or he, presented, or offered, or exposed, its, or his, side, seems to be the primary signification of تعرّض, and of اعترض, as well as of عَرَضَ; and is of frequent occurrence: and all (as mentioned voce عَرَضَ) signify also he obtruded himself in an affair; interfered therein.] b2: [Hence,] تعرّض لَهُ He opposed himself to him; he offered opposition to him; or he attacked him; said of a man, and of a beast of prey, or noxious reptile, and the like; as also ↓ عَرَضَ and ↓ اعترض: this signification also is of frequent occurrence. (The lexicons passim.) b3: [Hence also,] He addressed, or applied, or directed, himself, or his regard, or attention, or mind, to him, or it; [as though he set himself over against the object to which the verb relates;] syn. تَصَدَّى. (Lth, Lh, S, O, Msb, K.) So in the saying, تعرّض لِمَعْرُوفِهِمْ and مَعْرُوفَهُمْ [He addressed himself, &c., presented himself, betook himself, advanced, came forward, or went forward, or attempted, to obtain their favour, or bounty]: and تعرّض لِلْمَعْرُوفِ and المَعْرُوفَ [He addressed himself, &c., to obtain favour, or bounty; and] he sought, or demanded, it: (Az, Msb:) and [so] للمعروف ↓ اعترض (Msb in art. عر. [See also اعترض لَهُ.]) So too in the saying, تَعَرَّضُوا لِنَفَحَاتِ رَحْمَةِ اللّٰهِ [Address ye yourselves, &c., to become objects of the effusions of the mercy of God]; (O, K, TA;) occurring in a trad. (TA.) And hence the saying, تعرّض فِى شَهَادَتِهِ لِكَذَا He addressed himself, &c., (تصدّى,) in his testimony, to the mention of such a thing. (Msb.) It is likewise syn. with تصدّى in the saying, تعرّض لِى فُلَانٌ بِمَكْرُوهٍ [Such a one addressed himself, &c., or attempted, to do me an abominable, or evil, action; or opposed himself to me with an abominable, or evil, action]. (Lth.) [In like manner also you say,] يَتَعَرَّضُ لِلنَّاسِ بِالشَّرِّ [He addresses himself, &c., to do to men evil; or he opposes himself to men with evil or mischief]. (S, K.) And مَا تَعَرَّضْتُ لَهُ بِسُوْءٍ [I did not address myself, or have not addressed myself, &c., to do to him evil]: and ↓ مَا عَرَضْتُ and ↓ مَا عَرِضْتُ are said to signify the same. (Msb.) [See 1.] Yousay also, تَعَرَّضْتُ أَسْأَلُهُمْ [I addressed myself, &c., to ask them]. (S, O. *) And جَآءَ فُلَانٌ يَتَعَرَّضُ, and يَتَضَرَّعُ, Such a one came asking, or petitioning, to another, for a thing that he wanted. (Fr, in S, art.ضرع.) b4: And تعرّض الرِّفَاقَ He asked the companies of travellers for what are termed عُرَاضَات [pl. of عُرَاضَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) b5: تعرّض لِكَذَا [also signifies He exposed himself, or became exposed, to such a thing]. (S.) See 2, latter portion. b6: Also تعرّض, [from عُرْضٌ,] He, or it, turned aside; turned from the right course or direction; syn. تَعَوَّجَ; (S, K, TA;) and زَاغَ: (TA:) his, or its, course, or march, was, or became, indirect, or oblique. (L, TA.) You say, تعرّض الجَمَلُ فِى الجَبَلِ The camel went to the right and left, [in, or upon, the mountain,] on account of the difficulty of the road, or way. (S, O, K.) And تَعَرَّضَتِ الإِبِلُ المَدَارِجَ The camels went along the routes (فِى المَدَارِجِ) [المَدَارِجَ being in the accus. case because فى is understood, not that the verb is trans.] to the right and left; (A;) i. e., alternately to the right and left. (T in art. ثنى.) [See a verse cited voce تَصَدَّفَ, and its explanation.] Dhu-l-Bijádeyn, being guide to the Apostle, addressing his she-camel, said, تَعَرَّضِى مَدَارِجًا وَسُومِى

تَعَرُّضَ الجَوْزَآءِ لِلنُّجُومِ هٰذَا أَبُو القَاسِمِ فَاسْتَقِيمِى (S, O) Go thou along routes to the right and left, avoiding the rugged acclivities, [and continue thy course, or as expl. in the TA, art. سوم, pass along quickly,] (TA,) like as الجوزاء [Orion] passes along in the sky obliquely, or indirectly, in the disposition of its stars [with respect to the other stars: (see 3, towards the end:) this is Abu-l- Kásim; therefore go thou right]. (IAth, TA.) b7: تعرّض الفَرَسُ فِى رَسَنِهِ i. q. اعترض, q. v. (TA.) You say also, of a camel, فِى سَيْرِهِ ↓ يَعْتَرِضُ [He inclines towards one side, in his march, or course; or goes obliquely, or inclining towards one side]. (K: and so in one copy of the S: in another copy of the S, يَتَعَرَّضُ. [See also 3, last quarter.]) b8: تعرّض also signifies It (a thing) became infected, vitiated, or corrupted; and in this sense it is said of love: (TA:) [as though it turned from the right course, or direction; a signification mentioned before; and thus it is expl. in the S, as occurring in the phrase تعرّض وَصْلُهُ, in the Mo'allakah of Lebeed; or, thus used, it signifies] it (a person's attachment to another) became altered, so as to cease. (EM p. 149.) 6 تعارضا They opposed each other. (Ibn-Maaroof, in Golius. [The verb is very often used in this sense.]) b2: They fought, or combated, each other. (MA.) b3: They did each like as the other did; they imitated each other: they vied, competed, or contended, each with the other; they emulated, or rivalled, each other: (TA in art. برى:) syn. تَبَارَيَا. (K in that art.) 8 اعترض: see عَرَضَ, near the beginning, where these two verbs and اعرض and تعرّض, are said to be used as syn., app. in the senses expl. there and in the beginning of 5. b2: [Hence,] اعترض عَلَيْهِ He opposed, resisted, or withstood, him, or it; syn. اِمْتَنَعَ. (MA.) [See 1 in art. شنف, in two places.] b3: See also 5, second sentence. b4: And see from عَرَضَ لَهُ as signifying “ it happened to him ” as far as the end of the sentence explaining اعترض الشَّىْءُ دُونَ الشَّىْءِ.

اعترض signifies [It lay, or extended, breadthwise, across, transversely, athwart, sideways, obliquely, or horizontally: or so as to present an obstacle: or so intervened in any manner; as shown in the part last referred to, above: or rather it has both of these meanings; and in the former sense it is used, in the TA, art. حر, in describing the direction of an asterism, opposed to اِنْتَصَبَ: or, in other words,] it (a thing, S) became, (K,) or became an obstacle, (صَارَ عَارِضًا, S, O,) like a piece of wood lying across, or athwart, or obliquely, (مُعْتَرِضَةً,) in a channel of running water, (S, O, K,) or a road, (O, L,) and the like, preventing persons from passing along it. (L.) It is also said [of a collection of clouds appearing, or presenting itself, or extending sideways, or stretching along in the horizon like a mountain; see عَارِضٌ: and] of a building, or other thing, such as a trunk of a palm-tree, or a mountain, lying in a road: and as this prevents the passengers from passing along the road, it is used as signifying He, or it, prevented, or hindered: (O, K:) it is quasi-pass. of عَرَضَهُ. (K, * TA.) [And hence,] اُعْتُرِضَ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ, (O, TA,) not اِعْتَرَضَ, as the K seems to indicate, (TA,) He was prevented from going in to his wife, by an obstacle that befell him, arising from the jinn, or genii, or from disease: (O, K, TA:) occurring in a trad. (TA.) b5: [Hence,] اِعْتِرَاضٌ which is forbidden in a trad. [respecting horseracing] signifies A man's coming intermediately with his horse, in a part of the course, and so entering among the [other] horses. (O, L, K.) [See also عَارَضَ الجِنَازَةَ.] b6: [And hence,] اعترض الشَّهْرَ He commenced [the observances of] the month not from the beginning thereof. (S, O, K.) b7: [اعترضت الجُمْلَةُ The clause intervened parenthetically. b8: اعترض عَلَيْهِ He interposed in an argument, or the like, objecting against him something, by way of confutation]. And اعترض عَلَى

أَحَدٍ مِنْ قَوْلٍ أَوْفِعْلٍ He attributed to any one an error in respect of a saying or an action. (Har p. 687.) b9: اعترض الفَرَسُ فِى رَسَنِهِ The horse was perverse, untoward, or intractable, [in his halter,] to his leader; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ تعرّض. (TA. [See مُعْتَرِضٌ.]) And اِعْتَرِاضٌ in a man is The appearing and engaging in what is vain, or false, and refusing to obey the truth. (TA.) b10: اعترضهُ He faced him, and advanced towards him: (Har p. 420) and اعترض عَرْضَهُ and عُرْضَهُ [has nearly, if not exactly, the same signification]: see عَرَضَ. And اعتراض also signifies The coming in upon any one: or entering upon an affair. (Har p. 687.) b11: [اعترض لَهُ often means He presented himself, or advanced, or came forward, to him: and he addressed or betook himself, or advanced, or went forward, to it; namely, an action; like تعرّض له: see its syns. اِنْبَرَى and تَبَرَّى.] b12: See also 5, second sentence. b13: اعترض لَهُ بِسَهْمٍ He advanced towards him with an arrow, and shot at him, and slew him. (S, O, K.) b14: اعترض لِلْمَعْرُوفِ: see 5. b15: يَعْتَرِضُ فِى سَيْرِهِ: see 5, near the end.

A2: اعترض He rode while reviewing the army, or body of soldiers, or making them to pass by him and examining their state, (S, O, K,) عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ upon the beast. (S, O.) b2: اعترض الجُنْدُ The army, or body of soldiers, was reviewed: (Mgh, L:) quasi-pass. of عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ [which signifies the same as the phrase next following]. (O, L, TA.) b3: اعترض الجُنْدَ: and المَتَاعَ وَنَحْوَهُ and اعترضهُ عَلَى عَيْنِهِ: see عَرَضَ, last quarter.

A3: اِعترض عِرْضَهُ: and اعترض فُلَانًا: see عَرَضَ, last quarter.

A4: اعترض البَعِيرَ He rode the camel while refractory, or untractable, (S, O, K,) as yet. (K.) And اعترض العَرُوضَ He took the untrained she-camel in her untrained state. (TA. [In the original of this explanation is a mistranscription, which I have rectified in the translation; اخذعا for أَخَذَهَا.]) b2: [Hence, app.,] اعترض فُلَانٌ الشَّىْءَ Such a one undertook the thing, or constrained himself to do it, it being difficult, or troublesome, or inconvenient. (IAth.) A5: اعترض الشَّوْكَ (K, TA.) He ate the thorns: and الشَّوْكَ ↓ عَرَضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَرَضَ, he took and ate of the thorns: both said of a sheep or goat, or rather of a camel: (TA:) and [in like manner] one says of a camel, الشَّجَرَ ذَا الشَّوْكِ بِفِيهِ ↓ عَارَضَ: and the camel that does so is said to be ذُو عِرَاضٍ. (S, O, K.) A6: See also 10, in five places.

A7: اعترض مِنْهُ [He accepted an equivalent, or a substitute, or compensation, for it]. You say, كَانَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ نَقْدٌ فَأَعْسَرْتُهُ فَاعْتَرَضْتُ مِنْهُ [Such a one owed a debt of money, and I demanded it of him when it was difficult for him to pay it, and I accepted an equivalent, &c., for it]: and اعترضوا مِنْهُ, referring to blood, when retaliation has been refused, means they accepted [قَبِلُوا, for which اقبلوا has been substituted by the copyists in the L and TA,] the bloodwit [as a compensation for it]. (L.) 10 استعرض: see عَرُضَ; second sentence. b2: استعرضت النَّاقَةُ بِاللَّحْمِ is like the phrase قُذِفَتْ بِاللَّحْمِ, (O, K, TA,) meaning The she-camel became fat and plump. (TA.) A2: استعرضهُ He asked him to show, or exhibit, to him what he had. (S, TA.) b2: استعرض الجَارِيَةَ He asked to show, or display, to him the girl on the occasion of sale. (Mtr, in Har p. 557.) A3: استعرضها He came to her from the direction of her side. (TA.) b2: [Hence, استعرضهُ also signifies, and so ↓ اعترضهُ, He betook himself to him or it, or he took him or it, or he acted with respect to him or it, without any direct aim, at random, or indiscriminately: and hence the phrase here following.] استعرض النَّاسُ الخَوَارِجَ and ↓ اِعْتَرَضُوهُمْ The people went forth against the Khárijees not caring whom they slew. (Mgh.) And مَنْ لَقُوا ↓ لَا بَأْسَ بِأَنْ يَعْتَرِضُوا فَيَقْتُلُوا [There will be no harm to them] in their taking without distinguishing who and whence he is him whom they find, and slaying. (Mgh.) and يَسْتَعْرِضُ الخَارِجِىُّ النَّاسَ The Khárijee slays men (S, O, K, * TA) in any possible manner, and destroys whomsoever he can, (TA,) without inquiring respecting the condition of any one, (S, * O, K, TA,) Muslim or other, (S, O, TA,) and without caring whom he slays. (TA.) And وَاشْتَرِهِ مِمَّنْ ↓ اِعْتَرِضْهُ وَجَدْتَهُ وَلَا تَسْأَلْ عَمَّنْ عَمِلَهُ [Take thou it at random, or indiscriminately, and buy it of him whom thou findest, and ask not respecting him who made it]. (S, K.) And اِسْتَعْرَضَ يُعْطِى مَنْ أَقْبَلَ وَمَنْ

أَدْبَرَ [He acted indiscriminately, giving to him who advanced and to him who retired]. (S.) And اِسْتَعْرِضِ العَرَبَ Ask thou whom thou wilt of the Arabs respecting such and such things. (S.) You say also, of land (أَرْض) in which is herbage, يَسْتَعْرِضُهَا المَالُ and ↓ يَعْتَرِضُهَا [The camels, or the like,] depasture it [app. at random] when traversing it. (K.) عَرْضٌ Breadth; width; contr. of طُولٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and i. q. سَعَةٌ; (K;) the mutual distance of the edges or sides of a thing: (Msb:) primarily relating to corporeal things, but afterwards used in relation to other things: [see عَرِيضٌ:] (TA:) this word as signifying the contr. of طول is the common source of derivation of the other words of this art., not withstanding their multitude: (O:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْرَاضٌ (IAar, TA) and of mult. عُرُوضٌ and عِرَاضٌ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [lvii. 21, وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا كَعَرْضِ السَّمَآءِ والأَرْضِ And a paradise whereof the breadth, or width, is like the breadth, or width, of the heaven and the earth: and in iii. 127,] عَرْضُهَا السَّمٰوَاتُ والأَرْضُ [the breadth, or width, whereof is as the heavens and the earth]: and Ibn-'Arafeh observes that when the عَرْض is described as being much, it indicates that the طُول is much, for the latter is more than the former. (O, TA.) You say also, عَرَضَ عَرْضَهُ, and ↓ عُرْضَهُ, He went towards him: [lit. towards his breadth, and his side.] (K.) And ذَهَبَ عَرْضًا وَطُولًا [He went wide and long]; (S, Msb, * K;) فِى الشَّىْءِ [in the thing]; (Msb;) and فِى المَكَارِمِ (tropical:) [in generous actions]. (TA.) And قَطَعَهُ عَرْضًا [He cut it breadthwise, or across, or crosswise]. (S in art. قط, &c.) And قَطَعَ الوَادِى عَرْضًا [He crossed the valley]; (S and K in art. جزع &c.;) and in like manner, الأَرْضَ [the land]. (K in that art.) And وَضَعَ العُودَ عَلَى الإِنَآءِ بِالعَرْضِ [He put the stick upon the vessel breadthwise, or across, or crosswise]; (Msb;) i. q. مَعْرُوضًا. (TA.) b2: [In geography, The latitude of a place.] b3: The middle, or midst, of a thing: or عَرْضُ الشَّىْءِ signifies the thing itself. (TA.) See also عُرْضً, former half, and in three places towards the end.

A2: A mountain; (S, K;) as also ↓ عَارِضٌ: (S, O, K:) or the former, the lowest part, or base, (سَفْح,) thereof; (S, K;) as also ↓ عُرْضٌ: (O, K:) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) the side thereof; (S, K;) as also ↓ عُرْضٌ: (TA:) or the place whence, or whereby, (مِنْهُ,) a mountain is ascended: (K:) and ↓ عَارِضٌ, a lofty mountain: (TA:) pl. of the first, أَعْرَاضٌ and عُرُوضٌ. (S, TA.) A3: A collection of clouds: (K:) or a collection of clouds that obstructs the horizon: (S, K:) [see also عِرْضٌ and عَارِضٌ:] pl. عُرُوضٌ. (TA.) A4: (assumed tropical:) An army: (O, K:) or a great army: (S, TA:) and ↓ عِرْضٌ also has the former signification: (K:) or the latter: (TA:) so called as being likened to a mountain; or to the clouds that obstruct the horizon: (S, TA:) pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b2: جَرَادٌ عَرْضٌ (assumed tropical:) Numerous locusts; (S, O, K; *) likened to the clouds that obstruct the horizon; (TA;) as also ↓ عِرْضٌ: (K:) pl. of the former, عُرُوضٌ: (TA:) and ↓ عَارِضٌ also signifies a multitude of locusts; (S, O, TA;) and of bees: (TA:) as in the saying, مَرَّ بِنَا عَارِضٌ قَدْ مَلَأَ الأُفُقَ [There passed by us a multitude of locusts, or of bees, which had filled the horizon]: (S, O, TA:) so says Aboo-Nasr Ahmad Ibn-Hátim. (S, O.) A5: A valley. (IDrd, K.) See also عِرْضٌ.

A6: [As inf. n. of عَرَضَ, it occurs in the phrases عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ and عَرْضَ العَيْنِ: see عَرَضَ الجُنْدَ.] You say also, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ (Th, A) He looked at, or examined, him, or it, having him, or it, before his eye; i. q. اِعْتَرَضَهُ عَلَى عَيْنِهِ. (TA.) And رَأَيْتُهُ عَرْضَ عَيْنٍ I saw him, or it, obviously; nearly. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce عَيْنٌ.] b2: [يَوْمُ العَرْضِ is an appellation of The day of the last judgment.]

A7: A compensation; a substitute; a thing that is given or received or put instead of another thing: so, accord. to some, in the Kur iii. 127, quoted above: [but this is strange:] and so in the phrase عَرْضُ هٰذَا الثَّوْبِ كَذَا وَكَذَا [The compensation, or substitute, for this garment, or piece of cloth, is such a thing, and such a thing: but not necessarily; for عرض in this phrase may have the meaning first assigned to it above]. (TA.) See also what next follows. b2: A commodity; or commodities, or goods; syn. مَتَاعٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ عَرَضٌ; accord. to Kz; (K;) which is the contr. of عَيْنٌ: (Mgh:) and the former, anything except silver and gold money, or dirhems and deenárs, (S, Msb, K,) which are termed عَيْنٌ: (S, Msb:) or any worldly goods or commodities except silver and gold money: (Mgh, * O, TA:) but ↓ عَرَضٌ, which see below, has a more comprehensive signification; everything that is termed عَرْضٌ being included in عَرَضٌ, whereas everything that is termed عَرَضٌ is not عَرْضٌ: (TA:) the pl. of عَرْضٌ is عُرُوضٌ, (Msb,) which A'Obeyd explains as signifying the commodities, or goods, whereof none are meted in a measure nor weighed, and which are not animals, and do not consist in عَقَار [or immoveable property]. (S, O, Msb.) You say, اِشْتَرَيْتُ المَتَاعَ بِعَرْضٍ I bought the commodity for a commodity like it. (S, O.) A8: جَعَلَ الشَّىْءَ عَرْضًا لِلشَّىْءِ, or عَرَضًا, accord. to different copies of the K: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A9: سَأَلْتُهُ عَرْضَ مَالٍ: see عُرَاضَةٌ.

A10: عَرْضٌ also signifies Madness; insanity; or possession by jinn, or by a jinnee. (K, TA.) [See 1, last sentence.]

A11: مَضَى عَرْضٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ An hour, or a portion, of the night passed; syn. سَاعَةٌ. (K, * TA.) A12: See also عَرْضٌ, with the unpointed ص.

عُرْضٌ A side; a lateral, or an outward, part, or portion; syn. جَانِبٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and نَاحِيَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) from whatever direction one comes to it, (S, O,) and شِقٌّ: (S, Mgh:) and so ↓ عِرْضٌ; syn. نَاحِيَةٌ; of anything: (TA:) and ↓ عَارِضٌ, or ↓ عَارِضَةٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) or both; (TA;) syn. نَاحِيَةٌ: (K, TA:) and ↓ عَرُوضٌ; syn. عَارِضَةٌ: (S, A, O, K:) and ↓ عِرَاضٌ; syn. نَاحِيَةٌ, and شِقٌّ: (S, O, K:) [or] this last is pl. of عَرْضٌ; (Sgh, K;) or, accord. to the M, of عَرْضٌ as signifying the contr. of طُولٌ: and أَعْرَاضٌ is pl. [or is another pl.] of عُرْضٌ; and is also pl. of عِرْضٌ in the sense expl. above. (TA.) You say, عُرْضُ السَّيْفِ The side, or flat, (صَفْح,) of the sword. (K.) And عُرْضُ العُنُقِ The two sides of the neck: (K:) or each side of the neck. (TA.) [See also عَارِضٌ.] And عُرْضَا أَنْفِ البَعِيرِ The beginning of the part of the bone of the camel's nose which slopes downwards, in both its edges. (Az, TA.) And نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ بِعُرْضِ وَجْهِهِ He looked at him with the side of his face [turned towards him]. (S, O.) And نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ عَنْ عُرْضٍ and ↓ عُرُضٍ He looked at him from one side. (S, O, K. *) And خَرَجُوا يَضْرِبُونَ عَنْ عُرْضٍ (S, O, K *) They went forth smiting the people from one side, in whatever manner suited, (S, O,) not caring whom they smote. (S, O, K.) And اِضْرِبْ بِهِ عُرْضَ الحَائِطِ Strike thou with it indiscriminately any part that thou findest of the wall: (S, O, Msb, TA:) or the side thereof. (TA.) and أَلْقِهِ فِى أَىِّ أَعْرَاضِ الدَّارِ شِئْتَ Throw thou it in any side, or quarter, of the house which thou wilt. (TA.) And خُذْهُ مِنْ عُرْضِ النَّاسِ, and ↓ عَرْضِهِمْ, Take thou him from any side of the people which thou wilt. (TA.) And أَوْصَى أَنْ يُنْفِقَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ عُرْضِ مَالِهِ He enjoined that he should expend upon him, or it, of any part of his property indiscriminately. (Mgh.) And فُلَانٌ مِنْ عُرْضِ العَشِيرَةِ Such a one is of the collateral class of the kinsfolk, or tribe; not of the main stock thereof. (Mgh.) And عَرَضَ عُرْضَهَ, He went towards him: [lit. towards his side.] (K.) See also عَرْضٌ, near the beginning. And مِنَ الطَّرِيقِ ↓ أَخَذَ فِى عَرُوضٍ (S, * K) He took to one side of the way. (S, * TA.) And سِوَى هٰذِهِ ↓ خُذْ فِى عَرُوضٍ Take thou to a side other than this. (A.) And أَخَذَ مَا تُعْجِبُنِى ↓ فُلَانٌ فِى عَرُوضٍ (S, A) Such a one took to a way and side not pleasing to me. (S.) [عَرُوضٌ, it will be observed, is fem.] And سِرْتُ

↓ فِى عِرَاضِهِ I went along over against him. (A.) And القَوْمِ ↓ سِرْنَا فِى عِرَاضِ We went along not facing the people, or company of men, but coming to them from their side. (TA.) And Aboo-Dhueyb says, أَمِنْكِ بَرْقٌ أَبِيتُ اللَّيْلَ أَرْقُبُهُ الشَّامِ مِصْبَاحُ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ فِى عِرَاضِ (S, * TA,) i. e. [Is there lightning proceeding from thee, which I pass the night watching, as though it were a lamp] in the side, or region, of Syria? (S.) b2: See also عَرْضٌ, as signifying the “ lowest part, or base, of a mountain; ” and the “ side thereof. ” [And see شَفَقٌ, last sentence but one.]

b3: The middle, or midst, of a river or rivulet or the like, (O, K,) and of the sea, (K,) and of men or people, and of a story or tradition; and ↓ عَرْضٌ signifies the same, of men or people, &c.: (TA:) and the former, the main part of men or people; as also ↓ the latter; and of a story or tradition; (K;) as also ↓ عِرَاضٌ, (TA, and so in some copies of the K,) and ↓ عُرَاضٌ. (TA, and so in some copies of the K.) You say, رَأَيْتُهُ فِى عُرْضِ النَّاسِ I saw him among the people: (S, O:) and some of the Arabs say, النَّاسِ ↓ رَأَيْتُهُ فِى عَرْضِ, meaning فِى عُرْضٍ; (Yoo, S, O, TA;) or meaning I saw him in the midst of the people; (TA;) or, as also النَّاسِ ↓ فِى عُرُضِ, in the middle portions of the people; or, as some say, in the surrounding portions of the people. (Msb.) And فُلَانٌ مِنْ عُرْضِ النَّاسِ Such a one is of the common people, or vulgar. (S, K. *) b4: كُلِ الجُبْنَ عُرْضًا [Eat thou cheese indiscriminately; or] take thou cheese at random, or indiscriminately, and buy it of him whom thou findest, not asking respecting him who made it, (As, S, O, K,) whether it be of the making of the people of the Scriptures, or of the making of the Magians. (As, S, O.) A2: نَاقَةٌ عُرْضُ أَسْفَارٍ: and عُرْضُ هٰذَا البَعِيرِ السَّفَرُ وَالحَجَرُ: see عُرْضَةٌ, last two sentences but one.

A3: أَعْرَاضُ الكَلَامِ: see مِعْرَاضٌ. [But whether اعراض in this phrase be pl. of عُرْضٌ, or whether it have any sing., I know not.] b2: See also عُرُضٌ.

عِرْضٌ: see عُرْضٌ, first signification. b2: Also The side of a valley, and of a بَلَد [i. e. country or the like, or town or the like]: (K: [in the CK, بلد is in the nom. case, which I think a mistake:]) or (as some say, TA) a part, region, quarter, or tract, (K, TA,) and the low ground or land, (TA,) of, or pertaining to, either of these: (K, TA:) pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b3: A valley in which are towns, or villages, and waters: (O, K:) or in which are palm-trees: (K:) or a valley containing many palms and other trees: (TA:) or any valley in which are trees: (S, O:) [see also عَرْضٌ, explained as applied to a valley:] pl. as above, (S,) and عُرْضَانٌ. (TA.) b4: أَعْراضُ الحِجَازِ The towns, or villages, of El-Hijáz: (K:) or these, (TA,) or the أَعْرَاض, (S, O,) are certain towns, or villages, [with their territories; i. e. certain provinces, or districts;] between El-Hijáz and El-Yemen: (S, O, TA:) and some say that أَعْرَاضُ المَدِينَةِ is applied to the towns, or villages, that are in the valleys of El-Medeeneh: (TA:) or the low lands of its towns, or villages, where are seed-produce and palm-trees: so says Sh: (O, TA:) the sing. is عِرْضٌ. (K.) b5: And عِرْضٌ, (S, O,) or أَعْرَاضٌ, (K,) which is its pl., (TA,) signifies [The trees called] أَرَاك (S, O, K) and أَثْل (S, O) and حَمْض. (S, O, K.) A2: Also A great cloud, (K, TA,) appearing, or presenting itself, or intervening, (يَعْتَرِضُ,) in the horizon. (TA.) [See عَرْضٌ and عَارِضٌ, which signify nearly the same.]

A3: I. q. عَرْضٌ, q. v., as signifying (assumed tropical:) An army: (K:) or a great army: (TA:) b2: and as signifying (assumed tropical:) Numerous locusts. (K.) A4: One's self; syn. نَفْسٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) i. e. نَفْسُ رَجُلٍ. (IKt.) You say, أَكْرَمْتُ عَنْهُ عِرْضِى I preserved myself from it. (S, O.) and فُلَانٌ نَقِىُّ العِرْضِ Such a one is [pure in respect of himself; or] free from reproach; (S, O;) or from fault, or vice, or the like. (S, Msb.) and in the same sense it occurs in the saying of Abu-d-Dardà, أَقْرِضْ مِنْ عِرْضِكَ لِيَوْمِ فَقْرِكَ [Lend thou from thyself for the day of thy poverty: but see art. قرض]: and in other instances. (TA.) b2: The body; syn. جَسَدٌ, (IAar, S, O, K,) or بَدَنٌ: (IKt, Az:) pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (Az, S.) So in the description of the people of Paradise, (Az, S,) in a trad., (Az,) إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَرَقٌ يَجْرِى مِنْ أَعْرَاضِهِمْ [It is only sweat which flows from their bodies]. (Az, S, O.) b3: The skin. (Ibráheem El-Harbee, O, K.) b4: Any place of the body that sweats: (O, K:) so in the trad. cited above: (TA:) or any part of the body such as the arm-pit and the groin and the like. (A'Obeyd.) b5: The odour of the body, (S, O, K,) and of other things, (S, O,) whether sweet or foul. (S, O, K.) You say, فُلَانٌ طَيِّبُ العِرْضِ [Such a one is sweet in respect of odour], and مُنْتِنُ العِرْضِ [foul in respect of odour]; and سِقَآءٌ خَبِيثُ العِرْضِ a stinking water-skin, or milk-skin; from A'Obeyd. (S, O.) b6: A man's honour, or reputation, (جَانِبُهُ,) which he preserves from impairment and blame, both as it relates to himself and to his حَسَب [or grounds of pretension to respect on account of the honourable deeds or qualities of his ancestors, &c.]: (IAth, O, K:) or whether it relate to himself or to his ancestors or to those of whose affairs the management is incumbent on him: (K:) or a subject of praise, and of blame, of a man, (Abu-l-'Abbás, IAth, O, K,) whether it be in himself or in his ancestors or in those of whose affairs the management is incumbent on him: (IAth:) or those things by the mention whereof with praise or dispraise a man rises or falls; which may be things whereby he is characterized exclusively of his ancestors; and it may be that his ancestors are mentioned in such a manner that imperfection shall attach to him by reason of the blaming of them. respecting this there is no disagreement among the lexicologists, except IKt [whose objection see in what follows]: (Abu-l-'Abbás, O:) or (accord. to some, S) grounds of pretension to respect on account of the honourable deeds or qualities of one's ancestors, &c., (حَسَبٌ, S, Msb, K,) and eminence, or nobility, (شَرَفٌ,) in which one glories. (K.) You say, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ العِرْضِ Such a one is generous, or noble, in respect of حَسَب: and هُوَ ذُو عِرْضٍ he is a possessor of حَسَب; and of شَرَف. (TA.) b7: Sometimes, Ancestors are meant by it. (A'Obeyd, K.) Thus you say, شَتَمَ فُلَانٌ عِرْضَ فُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one spoke evil of the ancestors of such a one. (A'Obeyd.) And فُلَانٌ جَرِبُ العِرْضِ Such a one is base, or ignoble, in respect of ancestry. (TA.) IKt disallows this signification, asserting عِرْضٌ to have no other signification than those of a man's نَفْس and his بَدَن: (O, * TA:) but I Amb says that this is an error; as is shown by the saying of Aboo-Miskeen Ed-Dárimee, رُبَّ مَهْزُولٍ سَمِينٌ عِرْضُهُ وَسَمِينِ الجِسْمِ مَهْزُولُ الحَسَبْ

in which عِرْض cannot be syn. with بَدَن and جِسْم, for, were it so, it would involve a contradiction; the meaning being only Many a person meagre in respect of his body is noble [or great] in respect of his ancestry; [and fat in respect of the body, meagre in respect of grounds of pretension to honour on account of the honourable deeds or qualities of his ancestors, &c.:] and by Mohammad's using the expression دَمُهُ وَعِرْضُهُ; for if عِرْض were [here] syn. with نَفْس, it had sufficed to say دمه without عرضه. (O, TA.) b8: Also A natural disposition that is commended. (IAth, K.) b9: And A good action. (TA.) A5: Also One who speaks evil of men (يَعْتَرِضُهُمْ) falsely; (O, K;) applied to a man: and so with عِرْضَنٌ applied to a woman: (O, K: *) so too ↓ ة applied to a man, and with عَرْضَنٌ to a woman. (TA.) عَرَضٌ A thing that happens to, befalls, or occurs to, a man; such as disease, and the like; (S, O, K;) as disquietude of mind, and a state of distraction of the mind or attention: or a misfortune, such as death, and disease, and the like: (TA:) or an event that happens to a man, whereby he is tried: (As:) or a thing that happens to a man, whereby he is impeded; such as disease, or a theft: (Lh:) or a bane, or cause of mischief, that occurs in a thing; as also ↓ عَارِضٌ: (TA:) [both signify also an accident of any kind:] pl. أَعْرَاضٌ. (TA.) b2: A thing's befalling, or hitting, unexpectedly. (O, K. [I follow the reading of the O, which is that of the K as given in the TA, and of my MS. copy of the K, أَنْ يُصِيبَ الشَّىْءُ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ; in preference to that in the CK, أَنْ تُصِيبَ الشَّىْءَ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ.]) You say, أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ عَرَضٍ (S, A, O, K *) and سَهْمٌ عَرَضٌ, (A, TA,) and حَجَرُ عَرَضٍ (S, O) and حَجَرٌ عَرَضٌ, (TA,) [A random arrow, and a random stone, or] an arrow, and a stone, aimed at another, hit him: (S, O, K:) such as hits, or falls upon, a man without any one's shooting it, or casting it, is not thus termed. (L.) And مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ الرَّأْىِ عَرَضًا خَيْرٌ مِمَّا جَآءَكَ مُسْتَكْرَهًا, i. e. [The opinion] that comes to thee without consideration, or thought, [is better than that which comes to thee forced.] (TA.) And عُلِّقْتُهَا عَرَضًا I became attached to her (S, O, K) accidentally, or unintentionally, (S, O,) in consequence of her presenting herself to me (ISk, S, O, K) as a thing occurring without my seeking it. (ISk.) [See an ex., in a verse of Antarah, cited in the first paragraph of art. زعم; and another, in a verse of El-Aashà, cited in the first paragraph of art. علق.] b3: A thing that is not permanent: (Mgh, O, B, K.) so in the conventional language of the Muslim theologians: (Mgh:) opposed to جَوْهَرٌ: (TA:) or hence metaphorically applied by the Muslim theologians to (tropical:) a thing that has not permanence unless in, or by, the substance; [i. e., in the language of old logicians, an accident; an essential, and an accidental (as meaning a non-essential), property, or quality; or what modern logicians call a mode; whether it be, in their language, an essential mode or an accidental mode; which latter only they term “ an accident; ”] as colour, and taste: (B:) or, in the conventional language of the Muslim theologians (المُتَكَلِّمُون [expl. in the TA as signifying “ the philosophers,” from whom, however, they are generally distinguished]), a thing that subsists in, or by, another thing; (O, K;) as colours, and tastes, and smells, and sounds, and powers, and wills: (O: [and the like is said in the Msb:]) or, in philosophy, a thing that exists in its subject, or substance, and ceases therefrom without the latter's becoming impaired or annihilated; and also such as does not cease therefrom: the former kind being such as tawniness occasioned by an altered state of the body, and yellowness of complexion, and motion of a thing moving; and the latter kind, such as the blackness of pitch, and of [the beads called] سَبَج, and of the crow. (L.) b4: [Hence, An appertenance of any kind. b5: Hence also,] The frail goods (حُطَام) of the present world or state; (As, O, K;) and what a man acquires thereof: (As, O:) [so called as being not permanent:] or worldly goods or commodities, (AO, Msb,) of whatever kind, are thus called, with fet-h to the ر: (AO:) and any property or wealth, little or much, (S, O, K,) is thus called, (K,) or is called عَرَضُ الدُّنْيَا. (S, O.) See also عَرْضٌ, expl. as signifying “ a commodity,” or “ commodities ” or “ goods. ” One says, الدُّنْيَا عَرَضٌ حَاضِرٌ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا البَرُّ وَالفَاجِرُ [The world is a present frail good: the righteous and the unrighteous eat thereof]: (S, O, TA:) i. e. it has no permanence: a trad. related by Sheddád Ibn-Ows. (TA.) And in another trad. related by the same, it is said, لَيْسَ الغِنَى عَنْ كَثْرَةِ العَرَضِ

إِنَّمَا الغِنَى غِنَى النَّفْسِ [Richness is not from the abundance of worldly goods: richness is only richness of the soul]. (O, TA.) One says also, قَدْ فَاتَهُ العَرَضُ, (Yoo, S, L,) and ↓ العَرْضُ, but the former is the more approved, (L,) [The property, &c., (but see another meaning below,) had escaped him], which is from عَرْضُ الجُنْدِ, [see عَرَضَ,] like as one says قَبَضَ قَبْضًا and قَدْ أَلْقَاهُ فِى القَبَضِ: (Yoo, S:) [which seems to indicate that عَرَضٌ properly signifies مَعْرُوضٌ, like as قَبَضٌ signifies مَقْبُوضٌ.] b6: Booty; spoil. (O, K.) So in the Kur ix. 42: (O:) or it there signifies b7: i. q. مَطْلَبٌ [app. meaning A thing sought, or desired; and object of desire; rather than a place where a thing is sought]. (TA.) b8: I. q. طَمَعٌ [app. meaning A thing that is eagerly desired, or coveted: and also eager desire; or covetousness]. (AO, O, K.) So explained by some as occurring in the saying قَدْ فَاتَهُ العَرَضُ, mentioned above. (TA.) And the following verse is also cited as an ex., مَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُو بَقَآءً لَا نَفَادَ لَهُ فَلَا يَكُنْ عَرَضُ الدُّنْيَا لَهُ شَجَنَا

[Whoso hopeth for continuance without cessation, let not the eager desire of worldly goods be to him a cause of anxiety]. (O, TA.) b9: A gift. (TA.) See also عُرَاضَةٌ. b10: هُوَ عَلَى عَرَضِ الوُجُودِ signifies عَلَى إِمْكَانِهِ [app. meaning It is in the condition of possibility of existence; for على seems to be here used in the sense of فِى, as in some other instances]; from أَعْرَضَ لَهُ meaning “ it became within his power,” &c. (Mgh.) And one says, هُوَ بِعَرَضٍ

أَنْ يَضِيعَ [He is exposed, or liable, to perish]. (Mgh voce ضَيَاعٌ.) b11: جَعَلَ الشَّىْءَ عَرَضًا لِلشَّىْءِ, or عَرْضًا, accord. to different copies of the K: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places.

عُرُضٌ, (L, TA,) in the K, erroneously, ↓ عُرْضٌ, (TA,) A certain manner of going along, (K, TA,) towards one side, (TA,) approved in horses, but disapproved in camels. (K, TA.) b2: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ عَنْ عُرُضٍ: b3: and رَأَيْتُهُ فِى عُرُضِ النَّاسِ: see عُرْضٌ.

عُرْضَةٌ is of the measure فُعْلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعولٌ, like قُبْضَةٌ; (Bd, ii. 224;) and is applied to A thing that is set as an obstacle in the way of a thing: (Bd, TA:) and also to a thing that is exposed to a thing: (Bd:) or that is set as a butt, like the butt of archers. (TA.) You say, جَعَلْتُ فُلَانًا عُرْضَةً لِكَذَا, meaning نَصَبْتُهُ لَهُ; (S, O, K; *) i. e. I set such a one as an obstacle to such a thing: or as a butt for such a thing. (TA.) And هُوَ لَهُ دُونَهُ عُرْضَةٌ He is an obstacle to him intervening in the way of it. (S, O.) And فُلَانٌ عُرْضَةٌ لِلنَّاسِ Such a one is [a butt to men; i. e.] a person whom men cease not to revile: (S, O, Msb, K:) or a person to whom men address themselves to do evil, and whom they revile. (Az, TA.) And هُمْ ضُعَفَآءُ عُرْضَةٌ لِكُلِّ مُتَنَاوِلٍ

They are weak persons; persons who offer themselves as a prey to any one who would take them. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [ii. 224], وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا اللّٰهُ عُرْضَةً لِأَيْمَانِكُمْ أَنْ تَبَرُّوا وَتَتَّقُوا وَتُصْلِحُوا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, (S, * &c.,) meaning نَصْبًا; (S, TA;) admitting the two significations of an obstacle and a butt: (TA:) i. e. And make not God an obstacle between you and that which may bring you near unto God, &c.: (O, K:) or make not God an obstacle to the performance of your oaths to be pious (O, Bd) and to fear God and to make reconciliation between men: or make not God an obstacle, because of your oaths, to your being pious &c.: (Bd:) or make not the swearing by God an obstacle to your being pious [&c.]: (Fr:) and Zj says the like of this: (L:) or عُرْضَةٌ signifies intervention with respect to good and evil; (Abu-l- 'Abbás, O, K;) and the meaning is, do not intervene by swearing by God every little while so as not to be pious &c.: (O, K, * TA:) or make not God an object of your oaths, by ordinary and frequent swearing by Him, (Bd,) or a butt for your oaths, like the butt of archers, (TA,) in order that ye may be pious &c.; for the habitual swearer emboldens himself against God, and is not pious &c.: (Bd:) or, as some say, the meaning is make not the mention of God a means of strengthening your oaths. (TA.) You say also, هٰذَا عُرْضَةٌ لَكَ as meaning This is a thing prepared for thy common, or ordinary, use. (O, TA.) b2: A purpose; an intention; or an object of desire, or of endeavour; [as though it were a butt;] syn. هِمَّةٌ. (S, O, K.) Hassán says, (S, O,) i. e. Ibn-Thábit, (O, TA,) وَقَالَ اللّٰهُ قَدْ يَسَّرْتُ جُنْدًا هُمُ الأَنْصَارُ عُرْضَتُهَا اللِّقَآءُ [And God said I have prepared an army: they are the Ansár; whose purpose, or the object of whose desire, is conflict with the unbelievers]. (S, O, TA. [In one copy of the S, in the place of يَسَّرْتُ, I find أَعْدَدْتُ, which signifies the same.]) b3: A pretext; an excuse. (MA.) b4: One says also, فُلَانٌ عُرْضَةُ ذَاكَ, (S, O,) or عُرْضَةٌ لِذَاكَ, (S, O, K,) Such a one is possessed of the requisite ability and strength for that: (S, O, K:) and عُرْضَةٌ لِلشَّرِّ possessed of strength to do evil, or mischief: and in like manner عُرْضَةٌ is applied to two things, and to more. (TA.) And فُلَانَةُ عُرْضَةٌ لِلزَّوْجِ (S, O, K) Such a female is possessed of sufficient strength for the husband; [i. e., to be married;] (TA;) or لِلنِّكَاحِ for marriage. (A.) And نَاقَةٌ عُرْضَةٌ لِلْحِجَارَةِ A she-camel having strength enough for [going upon] the stones. (S, O, K.) And [in like manner] أَسْفَارٍ ↓ نَاقَةٌ عُرْضُ A she-camel having strength sufficient for journeys. (S, O, K. *) and هٰذَا البَعِيرِ السَّفَرُ وَالحَجَرُ ↓ عُرْضُ (S, O, K) The strength of this camel is sufficient for journeying and for going over stone. (IB.) A2: عُرْضَةٌ also signifies A kind of trick, or artifice, in wrestling, (S, O, K,) by which one throws down men. (S, O.) عَرْضِىٌّ [in the CK عَرْضٰى] A kind of cloths or garments. (S, O, K.) b2: And Certain of the appertenances (مَرَافِق, O, K) and chambers (O) of the house: a word of the dial. of El-'Irák: (O, K:) unknown to the Arabs. (O.) عُرْضِىٌّ A camel that goes obliquely, or inclining towards one side, because not yet completely trained: (S, O, K:) or submissive in the middle part [or body, so as to be easy to ride, but] difficult of management: and perverse, untoward, or intractable: and with ة, a she-camel not completely trained: (TA:) or difficult to manage; refractory. (S, O, K.) See also عَرُوضٌ. b2: One who does not sit steadily, or firmly, upon the saddle; (IAar, O, K;) inclining at one time this way, and at another time that way. (IAar, O.) يَمْشِى بِالعَرْضِيَّةِ, and ↓ بِالعُرْضِيَّةِ, the latter from Lh, He goes sideways. (TA.) عُرْضِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes. Refractoriness, and a random or heedless manner of going, by reason of pride: in a horse, the going sideways: and in a she-camel, the state of being untrained: (TA:) and in a man, [so expressly shown in the S and TA; but in the CK, قِيلَ is erroneously put for فِيكَ;] what resembles roughness, ungentleness, or awkwardness; want of due care, by reason of haste; (syn. عَجْرَفِيَّةٌ;) and pride; and refractoriness. (Az, S, O, K.) A2: [See also عَرْضِىٌّ.]

عِرَضَّى, with fet-h to the ر; (O;) or عِرِضَّى, like زِمِكَّى; (K;) Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (IAar, O, K. [See also عِرَضْنَةٌ.]) b2: and [app. for ذُو عِرَضَّى] meaning also Brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA. [See, again, عِرَضْنَةٌ.]) عِرْضَنٌ; fem. with ة: see عِرْضٌ, last sentence.

عِرَضْنَةٌ An oblique course or motion: (A'Obeyd, L, TA:) and briskness, liveliness, sprightliness: and عِرِضْنَةٌ signifies the same. (TA. [See also عِرَِضَّى.]) One says, يَمْشِى العِرَضْنَةَ and ↓ العِرَضْنَى He goes along with a proud gait, (S, O, K,) inclining towards one side, (S, O,) by reason of his briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (S, O, K.) And ↓ تَعْدُو العِرَضْنَى and العِرَضْنَةَ and العِرَضْنَاةَ [perhaps correctly العِرَضْنَاتَ] She (a mare) runs in a sidelong manner, one time in one direction and another time in another. (O, TA.) and يَعْدُو العِرَضْنَةَ He (a man) runs so that he outstrips. (L, TA.) And نَظَرْتُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ عِرَضْنَةً I looked towards such a one from the outer angle of my eye. (S, O, K. *) The dim. of ↓ عِرَضْنَى is ↓ عُرَيْضِنٌ; the ن being retained because it is a letter of quasi-coordination, and the ى suppressed because it is not such. (S, O.) b2: Also, [app. for ذَاتُ عِرَضْنَةٍ,] A she-camel that goes along obliquely, (S, O, K,) by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: pl. عِرَضْنَاتٌ. (S, O. [See, again, عِرَضَّى.] But A'Obeyd disallows the application of this epithet to a she-camel. (TA in art. عرضن.) b3: And A woman that has become broad by reason of her fatness and plumpness. (TA.) عِرَضْنى: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

عُرَاضٌ: see عَرِيضٌ, in four places: A2: see also عُرْضٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

عِرَاضٌ: see عُرْضٌ, in the first sentence, and again, in four places, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: أَخَذَ فِى عِرَاضِ كَلَامِهِ He began to say the like of that which he [another] had said: or, as in the O, he matched him, and equalled him, by saying the like of what he had said. (TA.) [See also عَرُوضٌ.] b3: Also A certain brand; (S, O, K;) or, (K,) accord. to Yaakoob, (S, O,) a line upon the thigh of a camel, crosswise; (S, O, K;) or upon the neck, crosswise. (Ibn-Er-Rummánee, TA.) b4: And An iron with which the feet of a camel are marked in order that his foot-prints may be known. (O, K.) عَرُوضٌ: see عُرْضٌ, first sentence, and three of the examples which follow it, near the middle of the paragraph: b2: see also عَارِضٌ, in the sentence commencing with “ The side of the cheek. ”

b3: Also A road in a mountain: (S:) or in the side, or lowest part, (عُرْض,) of a mountain, (O, K,) or, as some say, a part thereof lying across, or obliquely, (مَا اعْتَرَضَ مِنْهُ, TA,) in a narrow place: (O, K:) and a road down a descent, or declivity: (TA:) or [simply] a road: (Ham p. 346:) pl. عُرُضٌ (TA) and أَعَارِيضُ. (Ham ubi suprà.) Hence the phrase in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, فَأَخَذَ فِى عَرُوضٍ آخَرَ (assumed tropical:) And he took another way of speech. (TA.) b4: The place that is over against one, or on the opposite side to one, as he goes along. (S, O, K.) A2: A she-camel that takes to a side, or tract, different from that which her rider would traverse; for which reason this epithet is applied to her: (O:) or that goes to the right and left, and does not keep to the road: (IAth:) or that has not been trained: (S, O, K:) or that has received some training, but is not thoroughly trained: (ISk:) or such as is termed ↓ عُرْضِيَّة, stubborn in the head, but submissive in her middle part; that is loaded; and then the other loaded camels are driven on; and if a man ride her, she goes straight forward, and her rider has not the power of exercising his own free will [in managing her]. (Sh.) To such a camel, 'Omar likened a class of his subjects. (TA.) And 'Amr Ibn-Ahmar El-Báhilee says, أُخِبُّ ذَلُولًا أَوْ عَرُوضًا أَرُوضُهَا [I make a submissive one to go the pace termed خَبَب, or an untrained one I train]; meaning that he recites two poems; one of which he has made easy, and the other whereof is difficult: J gives a different reading, أُسِيرُ عَسِيرًا, meaning أُسَيِّرُ; with the same explanation that is given above, of the former reading. (IB, O.) b2: A camel, (S, O, TA,) in the K, erroneously, a sheep or goat, (TA,) that eats the thorns (S, O, K, TA) when herbage is unattainable by him. (S, O.) b3: And i. q. عَتُودٌ [A yearling goat, &c.]. (TA [See also عَرِيضٌ.]) A3: Also i. q. كَثِيرٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) [as meaning A large quantity or number] of a thing [or of things], (K.) [or large in number,] as in the phrase حَىٌّ عَرُوضٌ [A tribe large in number]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) A4: and Clouds; syn. سَحَابٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) and غَيْمٌ. (K.) A5: And Food. (Fr, O, K.) A6: عَرُوضُ كَلَامٍ The meaning, or intended sense, of speech; syn. فَحْوَاهُ, (ISk, S, O, K,) and مَعْنَاهُ: (ISk, S, O:) as also كَلَامٍ ↓ مِعْرَاضُ, (K,) of which the pl. is مَعَارِيضُ and مَعَارِضُ. (TA.) One says عَرَفْتُ ذَٰلِكَ فِى عَرُوضِ كَلَامِهِ [I knew that in the intended sense of his speech]; (ISk, S, O;) and كَلَامِهِ ↓ فِى مِعْرَاضِ; (A, O;) and in like manner, مَعَارِضِ كَلَامِهِ: (L, TA:) and عَرَفْتُهُ فِى

كَلَامِهِ ↓ مِعْرَاضِ and فى لَحْنِ كلام and فى نَحْوِ كلامه signify the same. (Msb.) [See also مِعْرَاضٌ.]

A7: هٰذِهِ المَسْأَلَة عَرُوضُ هٰذِهِ This question is the like of this. (TA.) [See also عِرَاضٌ.]

A8: عَرُوضٌ also signifies The transverse pole or piece of wood (عَارضَة) which is in the middle of a tent, and which is its main support. (Aboo-Is-hák.) b2: And hence, (Aboo-Is-hák,) The middle portion [or foot] of a verse; (Aboo-Is-hák, O;) for the بَيْت of poetry is constructed after the manner of the بَيْت inhabited by the Arabs, which is of pieces of cloth; and as the عروض of the latter is the strongest part, so should that of the former be; and accordingly we see that a deficiency in the ضَرْب is more frequent than it is in the عروض: (Aboo-Is-hák:) the last foot of the first half or hemistich (S, K) of a verse; (S;) whether perfect or altered: (K:) some make it to be the طَرَائِق of poetry, and its عَمُود: (TA:) [i. e. they liken it to these parts of the tents:] it is fem.: (K:) or sometimes masc.: (L:) the pl. is أَعَارِيضُ; (S, O, K;) contr. to rule, as though pl. of إِعْرِيضٌ; and one may use as its pl. أَعَارِضُ. (S, O.) b3: Also [The science of prosody, or versification;] the science of the rules whereby the perfect measures of Arabic verse are known from those which are broken; (Msb;) the standard whereby verse is measured: (S, O, K:) because it is compared (يُعَارَضُ) therewith: (S, O:) or because what is correct in measure is thereby distinguished from what is broken: (K: [in which some other reasons are added, too futile, in my opinion, to deserve mention: I think it more probable that عروض is used by a synecdoche for شِعْرٌ, as being the most essential part thereof; and then, elliptically, for عِلْمُ العَرُوضِ, which is the more common term for the science:]) it is fem.; and has no pl., because it is a gen. n. (S, O.) A9: See also عَارِضَةٌ; second and two following sentences.

A10: العَرُوضُ is a name of Mekkeh and El-Medeeneh, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) and El-Yemen, (Msb, TA,) with what is around them. (S, O, K, TA.) عُرُوضٌ [thus app., but written without any vowel-sign to the ع,] The quality, in a she-camel, of being untrained. (L, TA. [See عَرُوضٌ, near the beginning.]) عَرِيضٌ Broad, or wide; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K; *) as also ↓ عُرَاضٌ; (S, O, K;) like as one says كَبِيرٌ and كُبَارٌ: (S, O:) fem. of the former, (S, Msb,) and of the latter, (S, K,) with ة: (S, Msb, K:) the pl. of عَرِيضٌ is عِرَاضٌ, like as كِرَامٌ is pl. of كَرِيمٌ. (Msb.) You say, عُرَاضَةٌ and ↓ عُرَاضَةٌ [A broad, or wide, bow]. (S.) and ↓ عُرَاضَاتٌ, (TA,) or أَثَرًا ↓ عُرَاضَاتٌ, in which the latter word is in the accus. case as a specificative, (S, O, TA,) meaning Camels whose foot-marks are broad. (S, O, TA.) And فُلَانٌ عَرِيضُ البِطَانِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is rich; or in a state of competence: (A, TA:) or possessed of much property. (S, * O, K, * TA. [See also art. بطن.]) And عَرِيضُ القَفَا (tropical:) Fat: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) stupid. (Mgh.) and عَرِيضُ الوِسَادِ (tropical:) Sleepy: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) stupid, dull, or wanting in intelligence. (Msb in art. وسد.) دُعَآءٌ عَرِيضٌ, occurring in the Kur [xli. 51], means (assumed tropical:) Large, or much, prayer, or supplication: (K, * TA:) or in this instance we may say long. (L.) A2: Also A goat (As, O, K) that is a year old, (K,) or about a year old, (As, O,) and that takes [or crops] of the herbage (As, O, K) and trees [or shrubs] (As, O) with the side of his mouth: (K:) or (O, K) such as is termed عَتُود [q. v.], (S, O,) when he rattles, and desires copulation: (S, O, K:) or a [young] goat above such as is weaned and below such as is termed جَذَع [q. v.]: or such as has pastured and become strong: or such as is termed جَذَع: or a young goat when he leaps the female: it is applied only to a male: the female is termed عَرِيضَةٌ: with the people of El-Hijáz it means peculiarly such as is gelded: it is also applied to a gazelle that has nearly become a ثَنِىّ [q. v.]: (TA:) pl. عِرْضَانٌ and عُرْضَانٌ. (S, O, K.) عُرَاضَةٌ A present: what is brought to one's family: (S, O, K:) called in Persian رَاه آوَرْد: (S:) a present which a man gives when he returns from his journey: (TA:) such as a man gives to his children when he returns from a journey: (Sgh, TA:) and what is given as food by the bringer, or purveyor, of wheat, or corn, of the said wheat, or corn: (S, O, K:) what a person riding gives as food to any one of the owners of waters who asks him for food. (As.) You say, اِشْتَرِ عُرَاضَةً لِأَهْلِكَ Purchase thou a present to take to thy family. (S, O.) And سَأَلْتُهُ عُراضَةَ مَالٍ and مَالٍ ↓ عَرْضَ and مَالٍ ↓ عَرَضَ [I asked him for a present of property] فَلَمْ يُعْطِنِيهِ [and he did not give it to me]. (L.) [See also Ham p. 103, l. 8.]

عَرُضِىٌّ Of, or relating to, prosody, or the art of versification. A prosodist.]

عُرَيْضِنٌ dim. of عِرَضْنَى, q. v., voce عِرَضْنَةٌ. (S, O.) عَرُوضَاوَاتٌ Places in which grow أَعْرَاض [pl. of عِرْضٌ] i. e. the [trees called] أَثْل and أَرَاك and حَمْض. (TA.) عِرِّيضٌ Forward; officious; meddling; a busybody: (TA in art. تيح:) one who addresses himself to do evil to men. (S, O, K.) عَارِضٌ [Showing its breadth, or width; (see عَرَضَ, first signification;) or] having its side apparent: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ مُعْرِضٌ, q. v., anything showing its breadth, or width: [or its side:] (TA:) [and hence, both signify appearing. (See again عَرَضَ.)] b2: A collection of clouds appearing, or presenting itself, or extending sideways, (↓ مُعْتَرِضٌ,) in the horizon; (S, O, K;) overpeering: (TA:) or a collection of clouds which one sees in a side of the sky, like that which is termed جُلْبٌ, except that the former is white, whereas the latter inclines to blackness, and is narrower than the former, and more distant: (Az:) or a collection of clouds that comes over against one (مُعَارِضًا) in the sky, unexpectedly: (El-Báhilee, O:) or a collection of clouds that appears, or presents itself, or extends sideways, (يَعْتَرِضُ,) in the sky, like as does a mountain, before it covers the sky, is called سَحَابٌ عَارِضٌ, and also حَبِىٌّ: (As, O:) pl. عَوَارِضُ. (TA.) [See also عَرْضٌ and عِرْضٌ.] In the phrase عَارِضٌ مُمْطِرُنَا, in the Kur [xlvi. 23], ممطرنا means مُمْطِرٌ لَنَا; for as being determinate it cannot be an epithet to عَارِضٌ, which is indeterminate: and the like of this the Arabs do only in the instances of nouns derived from verbs; so that you may not say هٰذَا رَجُلٌ غُلَامُنَا. (S, O.) b3: See also عَرْضٌ, in the sentence commencing with “ A mountain,” in two places: b4: and again, shortly after. b5: A gift appearing (As, S, O, K) from a person. (As, S, O.) [See an ex. voce عَائِضٌ.] b6: [Happening; befalling; occurring: an occurrence; as a fever, and the like. (See عَرَضَ لَهُ.)] A bane, or cause of mischief, that occurs in a thing; as also عَرَضٌ, q. v. (TA.) And ↓ شُبْهَةٌ عَارِضَةٌ A doubt, or dubiousness, occurring, or intervening, in the mind. (TA.) In the saying of 'Alee, يَقْدَحُ الشَّكُّ فِى

مِنْ شُبْهَةٍ ↓ قَلْبِهِ بِأَوَّلِ عَارِضَةٍ, the word عارضة may perhaps be an inf. n., [or a quasi-inf. n.,] like عَاقِبَةٌ and عَافِيَةٌ: (TA:) [so that the meaning may be Doubt makes an impression upon his heart at the first occurrence of dubiousness.] b7: Whatever faces one, of a thing: (TA, and so in some copies of the K: in other copies of the K, this signification is given to ↓ عَارِضَةٌ:) or anything facing one. (O.) b8: Intervening; preventing: an intervening, or a preventing, thing; an obstacle: (TA:) a thing that prevents one's going on; such as a mountain and the like. (Msb.) [Its application to a cloud, and some other applications to which reference has been made above, may be derived from this signification, or from that next preceding, or from the first.] b9: I. q. عُرْضٌ, in the first of the senses assigned to this latter above; as also ↓ عَارِضَةٌ. (The former accord. to some copies of the K: the latter accord. to others: but both accord. to the TA.) b10: What appears, of the face, (K,) or of the mouth, accord. to the L, (TA,) when one laughs. (L, K, TA: but in some copies of the K, and in the O, this signification is given to ↓ عَارِضَةٌ.) b11: The side of the cheek (K, TA) of a man; (TA;) as also ↓ عَارِضَةٌ; (O, L, K;) the two sides of the two cheeks of a man being called the عَارِضَانِ, (Msb, TA,) or the ↓ عَارِضَتَانِ: (S:) the two sides of the face: (Lh, O, K:) or the side of the face; as also ↓ عَرُوضٌ; the two together being called the عَارِضَانِ: (Lh, TA:) or this last signifies the two sides of the mouth: or the two sides of the beard: pl. عَوَارِضُ. (TA.) خَفِيفُ العَارِضَيْنِ means Light, or scanty, in the hair of the two sides of the cheeks, (S, O, Msb,) and of the beard; (O;) being elliptical. (Msb.) But in a certain trad., in which a happy quality of a man is said to be خِفَّةُ عَارِضَيْهِ, the meaning is said to be (tropical:) His activity in praising and glorifying God; i. e. his not ceasing to move the sides of his cheeks by praising and glorifying God. (IAth, on the authority of El-Khattábee; and O.) b12: The side of the neck; (K;) the two sides thereof being called the عَارِضَانِ: (IDrd, O:) pl. as above. (TA.) [See also عُرْضٌ, near the beginning.] b13: The tooth that is in the side of the mouth: (TA; and K, as in some copies of the latter; but in other copies, this signification is given to ↓ عَارِضَةٌ:) pl. as above: (K:) or the side of the mouth; (S;) and so, as some say, عَوَارِضُ; (TA;) [meaning the teeth in the side of the mouth; for] you say اِمْرَأَةٌ نَقِيَّةُ العَارِضِ, (S,) and العَوَارِضِ, (TA,) a woman clean in the side of the mouth: (S, TA:) and Jereer describes a woman as polishing her عَارِضَانِ with a branch of a beshámeh, [a tree of which the twigs are used for cleaning the teeth,] meaning, as Aboo-Nasr says, the teeth that are after the central incisors, which latter are not of the عوارض: or, accord. to ISk, عَارِضٌ signifies the canine tooth and the ضِرْس [or bicuspid] next thereto: or, as some say, what are between the central incisor and the [first] ضرس [which is a bicuspid]: (S, O:) some say that the عوارض are the central incisors, as being [each] in the side of the mouth: others, that they are the teeth next to the sides of the mouth: others, that they are four teeth next to the canine teeth, and followed by the أَضْرَاس: Lh says that they are of the اضراس: others, that they are the teeth that are between the central incisors and the اضراس: and others, that they are eight teeth in each side; four above, and four below. (TA [from the O &c.].) A2: عَارِضٌ as applied to a she-camel, or a sheep or goat: see the paragraph next following.

A3: Giving a thing, or the giver of a thing, in exchange, for (مِنْ) another thing. (TA.) b2: A reviewer of an army, or of a body of soldiers, who makes them to pass by him, and examines their state. (S.) A4: See also the next paragraph; last three sentences.

عَارِضَةٌ: see عَارِضٌ, in eight places, from the sentence commencing with شُبْهَةٌ عَارِضَةٌ. b2: A want; an object of need: (S:) and [in like manner] ↓ عَرُوضٌ a want, or an object of need, that has occurred to one: (S, O, K:) pl. of the former عَوَارِضُ. (S.) ↓ عَرُوض has the signification above assigned to it in the saying, فُلَانٌ رَكُوضٌ بِلَا عَرُوضٍ [Such a one is running without any want that has occurred to him]. (S, O. [In the K, in the place of ركوض, we find رَبُوضٌ, which I think a mistake.]) [In Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 555, we find ↓ رَكُوضٌ فِى كُلِّ عَرُوضٍ, which is expl. as meaning Running swiftly in every region; and said to be applied to him who disseminates evil, or mischief, among men.]

A2: A she-camel having a fracture or a disease, (S, O, K,) for which reason it is slaughtered; (S;) as also ↓ عَارِضٌ: (O, K:) and in like manner, a sheep or goat: (TA:) pl. عَوَارِضُ. (S.) It is opposed to عَبِيطٌ, which is one that is slaughtered without its having any malady. (S, O.) One says, بَنُو فُلَانٍ

لَا يَأْكُلُونَ إِلَّا العَوَارِضَ [The sons of such a one do not eat any but camels such as are slaughtered on account of disease]; reproaching them for not slaughtering camels except on account of disease befalling them. (S, O.) b2: عَوَارِضُ, applied to camels, also signifies That eat the [trees called]

عِضَاه, (S, L,) wherever they find them. (L.) A3: [A thing lying, or extending, across, or athwart; any cross piece of wood &c.: so in the present day.] b2: The [lintel, or] piece of wood which holds the عِضَادَتَانِ [or two side-posts], above, of a door; corresponding to the أُسْكُفَّة [or threshold]; (S, L;) the upper piece of wood in which the door turns. (O, K. [In some copies of the latter, this signification is erroneously given to عَارِضٌ.]) The عَارِضَتَانِ of a door are also [said to be] the same as the عِضَادَتَانِ. (TA, voce عَتَبَةٌ.) b3: A [rafter, or] single one of the عَوَارِض of a roof: (S, O, K: [but in some copies of the last, and in the TA, this signification is erroneously given to عَارِضٌ:]) the عوارض of a house are the pieces of wood of its roof, which are laid across; one of which is called عَارِضَةٌ: and عَارِضٌ [a mistranscription for عَوَارِضُ] also signifies the سَقَائِف [or pieces of wood which form the roof] of a [vehicle of the kind called]

مَحْمِل. (L.) A4: Also, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ عَارِضٌ, (as in other copies of the K,) or both, (TA,) Hardiness: (S, K, TA:) and this is what is meant by its being said, in [some copies of] the K, that عَارِضٌ is also syn. with عَارِضَةٌ; (TA;) [for in some copies of the K, after several explanations of العَارِضُ, we find وَالعَارِضَةُ وَالسِّنُّ الَّتِى فِى عُرْضِ الفَمِ; whereas, in other copies, the و before السِّنُّ is omitted:] courage; or courage and energy: (S, K, TA:) power of speech: (S:) perspicuity, or chasteness, of speech; and eloquence: (K, TA:) or the former signifies intuitive knowledge (بَدِيهَةٌ): or determination, resolution, or decision: (A:) and the trimming of speech or language, and the removal of its faults: and good judgment. (TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ ذُو عَارِضَةٍ (Az, IDrd, S, O, TA) Such a one is possessed of hardiness; (S, TA;) as also ↓ ذو عَارِضٍ; (TA;) and of courage, or courage and energy; and of power of speech: (S:) or of eloquence, (Az, IDrd, O,) and perspicuity, or chasteness, of speech. (IDrd, O.) And فُلَانٌ شَدِيدُ العَارِضَةِ Such a one is hardy; (Kh, O, TA;) as also ↓ شَدِيدُ العَارِضِ; (TA;) and courageous, or courageous and energetic. (Kh, TA.) أَعْرَاضُ الكَلَامِ: see مِعْرَاضٌ. b2: أَعْرَاضٌ is pl. of عَرْضٌ and of عُرْضٌ and of عِرْضٌ and of عَرَضٌ. b3: أَعْرَاضُ الشَّجَرِ means The upper parts of the trees [or shrubs]. (K.) مَعْرِضٌ The place of the appearance, [or occurrence,] and of the showing, or exhibiting, or manifesting, and of the mentioning, and of the intending, or purposing, of a thing. (Msb.) You say, قَتَلْتُهُ فِى مَعْرِضِ كَذَا I slew him in the place of the appearance [or occurrence &c.] of such a thing. (Msb.) And ذِكْرُ اللّٰهِ إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ فِى مَعْرِضِ التَّعْظِيمِ The praise and glorification of God is only in the place [or case] of the appearance, [or of the manifesting,] and of the intending, or purposing, of magnifying. (Msb.) [And hence, فِى مَعْرِضِ كَذَا also signifies In the time, or case, or on the occasion, of the appearance, &c., of such a thing. and In the state, or condition, or manner, which is indicative of such a thing: thus virtually agreeing with the phrase فِى مِعْرَضِ كَذَا, q. v. infrà.] b2: Also A place for the sale of slaves or beasts. (MA.) A2: And Pasturage that renders the cattle in no need of their being fed with fodder. (TA.) مُعْرِضٌ Anything showing its breadth, or width; [or its side; as also ↓ عَارِضٌ.] (TA. See the latter word.) [And hence, Appearing, as also the latter.] And i. q. مُعْتَرِضٌ [app. as signifying Presenting itself; or occurring]. (Sh.) and Anything putting its breadth, or width, [or side, (as is shown by an explanation of أَعْرَضَ,)] in one's power. (TA.) You say, الشَّىْءُ مُعْرِضٌ لَكَ, meaning The thing is in thy power; apparent to thee; not offering resistance to thee. (IAth, O. *) b2: And طَأْ مُعْرِضًا حَيْثُ شِئْتَ [Tread thou or] put thy feet where thou wilt, fearing nothing, for it is in thy power to do so. (S, O.) b3: اِدَّانَ مُعْرِضًا (occurring in a saying of 'Omar, K, or, as some relate it, دَانَ مُعْرِضًا, K in art. دين,) means He bought upon credit, or borrowed, or sought or demanded a loan, [doing so (TA)] of whomsoever he could, (Az, S, A, Mgh, O,) not caring what might be the consequence: (S, O:) or addressing himself to any one who came in his way: (Sh, K:) or turning away from such as said Thou shalt not buy on credit, or borrow: (IAth:) or avoiding payment: (TA:) or from any quarter that was easy and practicable to him, without caring, (O, K,) and without being perplexed: (O:) or he incurred the debt without caring for not paying it, or for what might be the consequence: (As:) or he contracted a debt with every one who presented himself to him: (K in art. دين:) Sh says that the making معرضا to signify مُمْكِنًا is improbable; because it is in the accus. case as a denotative of state with respect to [the agent implied in the verb] ادّان; and if you explain it as meaning he took it from him who enabled him, then معرضا applies to him whom he accosts, for he is the ممكن; [he suggests also, that the meaning may be he bought upon credit, or borrowed, largely; for] he adds that معرضا may be from أَعْرَضَ ثَوْبُ المَلْبَسِ, signifying اِتَّسَعَ and عَرُضَ. (TA.) b4: أَرْضٌ مُعْرِضَةٌ, or مُعْرَضَةٌ, (K, TA, [the former only in the CK,]) means Land wherein is herbage which the camels, or the like, depasture [app. at random] when traversing it. (O, K.) A2: See also مُعَرِّضٌ, last sentence.

مِعْرَضٌ Garments in which girls are displayed: (S:) or a garment in which a girl is displayed: (O, K:) or a garment in which girls are displayed on the wedding-night; which is the goodliest of their apparel, or of the goodliest thereof: (Msb:) and a garment in which a girl is shown, or displayed, to the purchaser: (TA:) or the shirt in which a male slave, and a girl, is shown, displayed, exposed, or offered for sale. (Har p. 129.) [and hence, فِى مِعْرَضِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) In the guise of such a thing, used tropically, virtually agreeing with the phrase فِى مَعْرِضِ كَذَا in a sense expl. above.] See also مِعْرَاضٌ, last sentence but one.

مُعَرَّضٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v.] Camels (نَعَمٌ) branded with the mark called عِرَاض. (S, O, K.) A2: Also Flesh-meat not well and thoroughly cooked: (ISk, S, O, K:) occurring in a verse (S, O) of Es-Suleyk Ibn-Es-Sulakeh, (O,) as some relate it; but accord. to others it is with ص; (S, O;) and this latter is the more correct. (O.) A3: مُعَرَّضَةٌ A virgin before she is veiled, or concealed: for she is once exhibited to the people of the tribe in order that some one or more may become desirous of her, and then they veil her, or conceal her. (TA.) مُعَرِّضٌ [act. part. n. of 2, q. v.]. A poet describes a she-camel carrying dates, and having outgone the other camels, so that the crows, or ravens, alighted upon her, and ate the dates, as being مِنْ مُعَرِّضَاتِ الغِرْبَانِ, as though she were of those feeding the crows, or ravens, of what is termed عُرَاضَة, q. v. (S.) A2: Also the circumciser of a boy: (K:) [or] so ↓ مُعْرِضٌ. (O:) مِعْرَاضٌ An arrow having no feathers (As, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) nor head, (As,) slender at the two extremities, and thick in the middle, (O, K,) being in form like the wooden implement wherewith cotton is separated from its seeds, or is separated and loosened [by striking therewith the string of a bow], (O, TA,) which goes sideways, (Mgh, [in the O and TA, مُسْتَوِيًا, app. a mistranscription, for مُسْتَعْرِضًا,]) striking with its عَرْض [or middle part, unless this be a mistake for عُرْض, or side], (Mgh, [in my copy of which, عرض is without any vowel-sign,] and K,) not with its extremity: (Mgh, K:) sometimes, it strikes with its thick middle part in such a manner that it breaks and crushes what it strikes so that it is like the thing that is beaten to death; and if the object of the chase be near to it, it strikes it with the place of the head thereof: if it make a hole, the game smitten with it may be eaten; but not if it strike with a middle part (بِعَرْضٍ). (O, TA.) A2: An oblique, indirect, obscure, ambiguous, or equivocal, mode of speech; as when thou askest a man, “Hast thou seen such a one? ” and he, having seen him, and disliking to lie, answers, “ Verily such a one is seen: ” (Msb:) from عَرَّضَ [q. v.]: (Msb, El-Munáwee: the latter in explaining a trad., q. v. infrà:) i. q. تَوْرِيَةٌ [signifying as above; or the pretending one thing and meaning another; or the using a word, an expression, or a phrase, which has an obvious meaning, and intending thereby another meaning to which it applies but which is contrary to the obvious one]; the original meaning of which is concealment: (Msb:) or language whereof one part resembles another in the meanings: (O, TA: [in the TA immediately follows the exemplification cited above, from the Msb; whence it seems that this explanation is itself somewhat of a معراض, meaning what it does not clearly express:]) or المَعَارِيضُ فِى الكَلَامِ [thus, with the pl. form, in two copies of the S, and in the TA,] signifies التَّوْرِيَةُ بِالشَّىْءِ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ [the pretending, or making believe, a thing instead of another thing]: (S:) and مَعَارِضُ الكَلَامِ and ↓ أَعْرَاضُهُ signify the same as مَعَارِيضُهُ. (TA.) [مَعَارِضُ is a contraction of مَعَارِيضُ, like as مِعْرضٌ is said to be of مِعْرَاضٌ when syn. therewith.] It is said in a prov., (S,) a trad., (TA,) إِنَّ فِى

المَعَارِيضِ لَمَنْدُوحَةً عَنِ الكَذِبِ [Verily, in oblique, indirect, obscure, ambiguous, or equivocal, modes of speech is ample scope, freedom, or liberty, (سَعَةٌ, S,) to avoid lying; or, as is said in the L in art. ندح, that which renders one in no need of lying]. (S, Msb.) One says also, عَرَفْتُهُ فِى

مِعْرَاضِ كَلَامِهِ, expl. voce عَرُوضٌ which see in three places, and كَلَامِهِ ↓ فِى مِعْرَضِ, rejecting the ا: this latter is said by some of the learned to be a metaphorical expression, from مِعْرَضٌ signifying the “ garment in which girls are displayed,” as though the meaning were (tropical:) [I knew it] in the form, or manner, and guise, and mould, of his speech; but this does not obtain in all kinds of speech; for it may not be said in cases of reviling; indeed it would be bad, in these cases, to use as a metaphor the garment of adornment: therefore the proper way is to say that مِعْرَضٌ is a contraction of مِعْرَاضٌ. (Msb.) One also says الأَلْفَاظُ مَعَارِيضُ المَعَانِى (tropical:) [Words are the robes of meanings]: and this phrase also is [said to be] taken from مِعْرَضٌ signifying the “ garment in which a girl is displayed; ” because words adorn meanings. (TA.) مُعَارِضٌ A camel that does not go straightly in the file, or series, but takes to the right and left: (A:) or a she camel such as is termed عَلُوق; that makes a show of affection with her nose [by smelling her young one], (تَرْأَمُ بِأَنْفِهَا,) and refuses to yield her milk. (AA, O, K.) سَحَابٌ مُعْتَرِضٌ فِى الأُفُقِ: i. q. عَارِضٌ, q. v. b2: [جُمْلَةٌ مُعْتَرِضَةٌ A parenthetic clause.] b3: فُلَانٌ مُعْتَرِضٌ فِى خُلُقِهِ [Such a one is habitually cross, or perverse, in his disposition, in every case,] is said of a man when everything of his affairs displeases thee. (TA.) b4: هَوًى مُعْتَرِضٌ Love that befalls at first sight, and captivates the heart at once unless it quit it quickly as it seized it quickly. (Ham p. 551.)

عوه

1 عَاهَ المَالُ, (K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) and يَعِيهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَاهَةٌ and هُوهٌ and عُوُوةٌ (TA) and عَيْةٌ, (CK, [the only inf. n. there mentioned, and not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the TA,]) The مال [meaning camels, or cattle,] became smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [i. e. a bane, disease, pest, or murrain]; (K, TA;) as also عِيهَ. (TA.) And in like manner, عاه الزَّرْعُ, aor. ـُ and يَعِيهُ; (TA;) or عِيهَ, like إِيفَ; (S;) or عَيِهَ, of the class of تَعِبَ; (Msb; [but this I find not elsewhere, and it is app. a mistake for the well-known form عِيهَ;]) The زرع [or Seedproduce] became smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [i. e. a bane, blight, blast, taint, canker, or the like]; (S, Msb, TA:) as also ↓ أَعَاهَ. (TA.) 2 عَوَّهَ see 4.

A2: تَْوِيهٌ also signifies The alighting in the last part of the night (S, K, TA) for rest; (so in a copy of the S:) syn. with تَعْريسٌ: (S, TA:) or both of these words signify [the taking] a slight sleep on the occasion of the morning-rest. (Lth, TA.) b2: And The confining oneself in a place. (K.) You say of any one عَوَّهَ meaning He confined himself in a place: (S:) or he remained, staged, or abode. (Az, TA,) A3: and The calling a young ass by saying عَوْهِ عَوْهِ. (K, TA.) You say, عَوَّهَ بِهِ, inf. n. تَعْوِيةٌ, He called him to come up with him. (TA.) And عَيَّه بِالرَّجُلِ He called, or called out, to the man. (TA.) 4 أَعَاهُوا and أَعْوَهُوا, (S, Msb, K,) the latter mentioned by El-Umawee, (S,) and ↓ عِوّهوا. (IAar, K,) They had their cattle, (S, Msb, K,) or their seed-produce, (K,) or their fruits, (TA,) smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [i. e. a bane, such as a disease, pest, or murrain, or a blight, blast, taint, canker, or the like]. (S, Msb, K, TA.) b2: See also 1.

عَاهٌ; pl. عَاهُونَ: see عَائِهٌ.

عَاهِ عَاهِ A cry by which camels are chidden in order that they may confine themselves to a spot; as also عِيهِ عِيهِ; (K, TA;) and عَهْ عَهْ. (TA.) عَوْهِ عَوْهِ A cry by which a young ass is called. (K, TA.) عَاهَةٌ, in which the ا is substituted for ى accord. to some, and for و accord. to others, (Msb, * TA,) is originally of the measure فَعَلَةٌ, with fet-h to the ع, (Msb,) and is syn. with آفَةٌ [signifying A bane; such as a disease, pest, or murrain; (tropical:) and a blight, blast, taint, canker, or the like: see 1, in two places]. (S, Msb, K, TA.) It is said in a trad., لَا يُورِدَنَّ ذُو عَاهَةٍ عَلَي مُصِحٍّ i. e. One whose camels are affected with a bane, such as mange &c., shall not bring them to water immediately after one whose camels are in a healthy, or sound, state. (TA. [See also art. صح.]

رَجُلٌ عَائِهٌ and ↓ عَاهٌ are like مَائِهٌ and مَاهٌ, and رَجُلٌ عاه is like كَبْشٌ ضانٌ [so in my original, but correctly عَائِهٌ and ضَائِنٌ: both app. mean A man having some moral bane or malady]: accord. to IAar, عَاهُونَ [the pl. of عَاهٌ] signifies persons having in them what occasions suspicion, and what is evil, or corrupt. (TA.) عَائِهَةٌ A raising of the voice, calling or calling out, or doing so vehemently: (K:) a word from which they form no derivative. (Sgh, TA.) مَعُوةٌ and مَعِيةٌ Smitten with what is termed عَاهَة [expl. above]: (Msb, TA:) applied to مَال [i. e. camels, or cattle]: (TA:) and to زَرْع [or seed-produce]; (Msb, TA;) as also معهوه [so in my original, a mistranscription for ↓ مَعْيُوهٌ]: and to a man, as meaning smitten therewith فِي نَفْسِهِ, [in himself] and فِي مَالِهِ [in his camels, or cattle]: and in like manner مَعُوةٌ applied to طَعَام [or food]: (TA:) and ↓ مَعْيُوهَةٌ applied to a land (أَرْض), (S, K,) meaning having what is termed عَاهَة. (K.) مَعْوَهَةٌ [A cause of what is termed عَاهَة, q. v.].

طَعَامٌ ذُو مَعْوَهَةٍ means Food that affects him who eats it with what is termed عَاهَة. (IAar, TA.) مُعَوَّةٌ A place in which one remains, stays, or abides. (Az, TA.) مَعْيُوهٌ; and its fem., with ة: see مَعُوهٌ.

ضيق

1 ضَاقَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. ضَيْقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ضِيقٌ, (S, O, K,) or this latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) It was, or became, narrow, or strait; contr. of اِتَّسَعَ; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ تضيّق, [or rather this signifies it was, or became, rendered narrow, or strait, being quasipass. of 2,] and ↓ تضايق: (K:) it is said of a thing, (S, O, Msb,) and of a place. (Msb.) [See also ضَيْقٌ below.] ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ, in the Kur ix. 119, means The earth became strait to them. (Bd, Jel.) And one says, ضَاقَتْ بِهِ الأَرْضُ [meaning, in like manner, The earth, or land, became narrow, or strait, with him]: 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam says, لَعَمْرُكَ مَا ضَاقَتْ بِلَادٌ بِأَهْلِهَا وَلٰكِنَّ أَخْلَاقَ الرِّجَالِ تَضِيقُ [By thy life, or by thy religion, countries have not become narrow with their inhabitants, but the dispositions of the men become narrow]. (O, TA.) [ضاق بِهِ often signifies, and so does به ↓ تضايق, It was, or became, choked, surcharged, or overfilled, with it; for instance, a water-course with water, and a place with people.] And ↓ تضايق بِهِ الأَمْرُ means ضاق عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) [The affair was, or became, strait to him]. (O, TA. [See an ex. in art. رحب, conj. 6.]) One says also, ضاق عَلَيْهِ مَعَاشُهُ: see 4. [And ضاق الوَقْتُ (assumed tropical:) The time became strait, or contracted.] And ضاق صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted: (Msb:) and ضاق عَنْهُ صَدْرُكَ (assumed tropical:) [Thy mind became so contracted as to be incapable of it: or thy mind shrank from it]. (K.) [and يَضِيقُ العَقْلُ عَنْ تَقْدِيرِهِ (assumed tropical:) The intellect is incapable of determining its limit, or limits, or the like.] And ضاق عَنِ الجَوَابِ and بِالجَوَابِ (assumed tropical:) [He was straitened, or embarrassed, so as to be unable to reply, or to answer; he was incapable of replying, or answering]: both signify the same. (TA in art. زند.) And ضاق بالأَمْرِ ذَرْعًا, (S, * O, * Msb,) meaning (assumed tropical:) The thing, or affair, was difficult, or distressing, to him, (Msb,) originally ضاق ذَرْعُهُ بِهِ, (S, * O, * Msb,) i. e. his ability [was straitened by it, or was inadequate to it]; and his power: (Msb:) or his art, or artifice, or cunning: or his way, course, mode, or manner, of acting (مَذْهَبُهُ) [was straitened, or rendered difficult, or distressing, by it]. (O. [See more voce ذَرْعٌ: and see a similar phrase in the Kur xi. 79 and xxix. 32.]) And hence, app., the saying ضاق المَالُ عَنِ الدُّيُونِ (tropical:) The property was inadequate to the debts. (Msb.) And you say, ضاق عَنْكَ الشَّىْءُ [meaning لَمْ يَسَعْكَ (assumed tropical:) The thing was not allowable to thee]: one says, لَا يَسَعُنِى شَىْءٌ وَيَضِيقَ عَنْكَ, (S, O, * TA, [in the O, erroneously, لا يستغنى,]) i. e. وَأَنْ يَضِيقَ عَنْكَ (assumed tropical:) [A thing will not be allowable to me conjointly with its being disallowable to thee, وَأَنْ يَضِيقٌ meaning مَعَ ضَيْقِهِ]: بَلْ مَتَى وَسِعَنِى شَىْءٌ وَسِعَكَ [but when a thing is allowable to me, it is allowable to thee]. (S in art. وسع.) And ضاق, (aor. ـِ K, inf. n. ضِيقٌ, TA,) (tropical:) He was or became, niggardly, or avaricious. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) 2 ضيّقهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَضْيِيقٌ, (Msb, TA,) He made it strait, or narrow; (Msb, K;) namely, a place [&c.]; (Msb;) as also ↓ اضاقهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِضَاقَةٌ. (TA.) You say, ضَيَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ المَكَانَ, (S,) or الشَّىْءَ, i. e. I straitened, or made narrow, to him [the place, or the thing; or I scanted it, or made it scanty]; contr. of وَسَّعْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ. (O.) And ضَيَّقْتُ عَلَيْهِ [alone, used elliptically, I straitened him, properly speaking; and also, (assumed tropical:) his circumstances &c.]. (Msb.) And ضُيِّقَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one was straitened]. (TA.) لِتُضَيِّقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ, in the Kur [lxv. 6, (assumed tropical:) In order that ye may straiten them], implies relation to expenses and to the bosom. (TA.) [See 3.

التَّضْيِيقُ بَيْنَ شَيْئَيْنِ, occurring in the S and K in art. حوص, means The making a coarctation between two things.]3 ضايقهُ He straitened him: (MA:) [see also 2: or, properly, he straitened him, being in like manner straitened by him: see 1 in art. زحم: and] (tropical:) he treated him, or behaved towards him, with hardness, or harshness; (O, * K, * TA;) فِى كَذَا [in, or in respect of, such a thing]. (TA.) 4 اضاق (tropical:) His means of living became strait (عَلَيِْه مَعَاشُهُ ↓ ضَاقَ); (TA;) his property went away; (S, O, Msb, K;) and he became poor. (TA.) A2: See also 2.5 تَضَيَّقَ see 1, first sentence.6 تَضَاْيَقَ see 1, in three places. تضايقوا They straitened one another; pushed, or pressed, one against another; or crowded one another; in a place of assembly; syn. زَحَمَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا: (Msb in art. زحم:) or they became straitened in a place, or (assumed tropical:) in disposition. (S, O.) 10 استضاقت بِدُرْجَةٍ [She endeavoured to constrict her vagina by means of a pessary], (O, K, TA,) or بِالأَدْوِيَةِ [by means of medicaments]; (A, TA;) said of a woman. (A, O, K.) ضَيْقٌ an inf. n. of 1, (S, O, Msb, K,) as also ↓ ضِيقٌ, (S, O, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.: (Msb:) [both, used as simple substs., signify Narrowness, or straitness:] accord. to Fr, [both seem to signify thus; but the latter, properly; and the former, tropically; for he says that]

الضَّيْقُ is in that which does not [really] become wide, like the mind (الصَّدْر): (O:) or it is مَا ضَاقَ عَنْهُ صَدْرُكَ [that of which the mind by its being contracted is incapable, or from which the mind shrinks; an explanation not given in the K as on the authority of Fr, and deviating from his words as given in the O; whence it appears that, for مَا, we should perhaps read فِيمَا]: (K:) but ↓ الضِّيقُ is in that which may be [really] wide, like the house and the garment: (O, K:) and the former [is also used as an epithet, being a contraction of ضَيِّقٌ in this case, and as such] has a dual and a plural and a feminine; but the latter has not: (O:) or ↓ both are alike [in signification]: (K:) and ↓ ضَيْقَةٌ is syn. with ضِيقٌ. (S.) b2: Also, and ↓ ضَيَقٌ, accord. to AA, (O, [the latter there expressly said to be بِالتَّحْرِيكِ,]) or the former and ↓ ضِيقٌ, (K, [said in the TA to be a mistake for ضَيَقٌ, but see what follows,]) Doubt (AA, O, K) in the heart: (K) the first is more common than the second, in this sense; and occurs in the Kur in xvi. last verse and xxvii. 72: (O:) [but] Ibn-Ketheer read, in both of these instances, ↓ ضِيق; and this and ضَيْق are dial. vars. signifying straitness of mind. (Bd.) A2: See also ضَيِّقٌ, in two places: b2: and ضَيْقَةٌ, second sentence, in two places.

ضِيقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in five places.

ضَيَقٌ: see ضَيْقٌ, latter part.

ضَيْقَةٌ: see ضَيْقٌ, latter part. b2: Also (S) (tropical:) Poverty; and an evil state or condition; (S, O, K, TA;) and so ↓ ضِيقَةٌ: (K, TA:) and the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] (Fr, S, K, TA) of the former (Fr, S, TA) is ↓ ضَيْقٌ: (Fr, S, K, TA: [in the CK, erroneously, ضِيقٌ:]) Fr says, when you see ↓ الضَّيْق to have occurred in the place of الضِّيق, it is in [one of] two cases; either it is the pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of الضَّيْقَةُ; or it means the narrow, or strait, thing, ضَيْقٌ being a contraction of ضَيِّقٌ. (TA.) b3: And الضَّيْقَةُ, (O,) or ضَيْقَةُ [without the article], (JK, O, TA,) or ↓ الضِّيقَةُ, (K, [app. a mistake, for in the O, in every case, whether as a proper name or not, الضيقة is written الضَّيْقَةُ,]) is the name of A certain mansion of the moon, (JK, O, K, TA,) [not one of the Twentyeight Mansions,] close by الــثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades]: (JK, O, TA:) or, as IKt says, on the authority of Ibn-Ziyád El-Kilábee, sometimes the moon falls short of الدَّبَرَان and alights in الضيقة, i. e. two small stars, near together, between الــثُّرَيَّا and الدَّابَرَان: (TA:) it is asserted by the Arabs to be an inauspicious place. (O, * TA.) Hence the saying of El-Akhtal, فَهَلَّا زَجَرْتَ الطَّيْرَ لَيْلَةَ جِئْتَهَا بِضَيْقَةَ بَيْنَ النَّجْمِ وَالدَّبَرَانِ

[And wherefore didst not thou draw an omen from the flight of birds on the night when thou camest to her, when the moon was in Deykah, between the Pleiades and Ed-Debarán?]: he notifies that the moon, in the night of their coming together, was making its abode [in the neighbourhood of] الدبران, which is inauspicious: (O, TA:) or [the latter hemistich, as J relates it, app. on the authority of A 'Obeyd, is thus,] بِضَيْقَةِ بَيْنَ النَّجْمِ وَالدَّبَرَانِ from الضَّيْقَةُ as syn. with الضَّيْقُ; (S;) and as AA relates the verse, it is [thus] with kesr to the ة in بضيقة; the word not being made the [proper] name of a place, but the meaning being بضيقة مَا بَيْنَ النجم والدبران [i. e. in the narrow space between the Pleiades and Ed-Debarán]. (TA.) b4: ضَيْقَةٌ is also the fem. of ضَيْقٌ the contracted form of ضَيِّقٌ. (S, O, TA.) ضِيقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, former half, in two places.

ضُوقَى and ضِيقَى are fems. of ↓ أَضْيَقُ; (S, O, K;) the former [as well as the latter] is [originally] of the measure فُعْلَى, (TA,) [each being originally ضُيْقَى,] the ى being changed in the former into و because quiescent and preceded by dammeh: (S, O, TA:) the former occurs in the saying of a woman to her fellowwife, contending with her for superiority, مَا أَنْتِ بِالخُورَى وَلَا الضُّوقَى حِرًا [Thou art not the better nor the narrower &c.; خُورَى being in like manner fem. of أَخْيَرُ]. (TA.) Accord. to Kr, the former is pl. of ↓ ضَيِّقَةٌ; (TA;) and he says the same of ضِيقَى also; (TA voce كَيِّسٌ;) but ISd says, I know not how this may be, for فُعْلَى is not of the measures of pls. except of the kind of pl. which differs not from its sing. otherwise than in the latter's having ة [as an affix], like بُهْمَاةٌ and بُهْمَى [q. v.]. (TA in the present art.) ضِيَاقٌ: see مِضْيَاقٌ.

ضَائِقٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

ضَيِّقٌ and ↓ ضَيْقٌ, (S, O, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, (S,) the two being like هَيِّنٌ and هَيْنٌ [&c.], (O,) and ↓ ضَائِقٌ, (K,) Narrow, or strait: (S, * O, * K:) or ضَيِّقٌ is an epithet used in this sense when permanence [of the attribute] is meant [and so therefore is its contracted form]; and ↓ ضَائِقٌ as meaning [being, or becoming, narrow or strait; or] temporarily narrow or strait: (Msb:) the fem. of the first (TA) and of the second (S, O, TA) [as well as of the third] is with ة: (S, O, TA:) see also ضُوقَى: [the pls. of the first and second, applied to rational beings, is ضَيِّقُونَ and ضَيْقُونَ, like مَيِّتُونَ and مَيْتُونَ: and] the pl. of ↓ ضَائِقٌ is ضَاقَةً. (TA.) You say شَىْءٌ ضَيِّقٌ (O, Msb) and ↓ ضَيْقٌ (O) A narrow, or strait, thing. (O, * Msb.) And صَدْرٌ ضَيِّقٌ (assumed tropical:) A strait, or contracted, mind; (Msb;) and نَفْسٌ ضَيِّقَةٌ [meaning the same]. (TA.) And بِهِ صَدْرُكَ ↓ وَضَائقٌ, in the Kur [xi. 15], means (assumed tropical:) And thy mind is temporarily strait or contracted thereby. (Msb.) ضَيِّقٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Niggardly, or avaricious. (KL.) [And ضَيِّقُ الخُلُقِ (assumed tropical:) Narrow, or illiberal, in disposition.]

أَضْيَقُ [More, and most, narrow or strait or contracted]: (S, O, K:) see its fems. ضُوقَى and ضِيقَى, above. [See also three exs. voce اِسْتٌ, in art. سته.]

مَضِيقٌ A narrow, or strait, place: (K:) [a pass: a place of narrowness or straitness] of land; and of the vulva; and (assumed tropical:) [a place, or state, of straitness] of life, or of the means of subsistence: (K in art. ازم:) and (tropical:) a narrow, or strait, affair or case: (K, TA:) pl. مَضَايِقُ. (TA.) أَمْرٌ مُضَيَّقٌ (assumed tropical:) [An affair rendered strait]. (TA.) مِضْيَاقٌ, (JK, and O on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád, and TA,) or ↓ ضِيَاقٌ, like كِتَابٌ [in measure], thus in all the copies of the K, (TA,) [but probably, I think, taken from a mistranscription,] A pessary (دُرْجَةٌ) of rag and perfume, with which a woman endeavours to constrict her vagina (تَسْتَضِيقُ بِهَا). (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.)

غثر

1 غَثَرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ i. q. مَأَدَت (thus in the JK [app. meaning The land became flourishing and fresh with herbage]): or مَادَت (thus in the O and K [i. e. without ء; but the former, I think, is evidently the right: the meaning which I have given may be from غَثَرٌ, q. v., and therefore tropical: and it may be inferred from what here follows that the verb is correctly, or originally, غَثْرَت, fem. of ↓ غَثْرَى]). The epithet applied to such land is ↓ مُغَثْرِيَةٌ. (JK, O, K.) 4 اغثر It (the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث [&c.]) exuded what is termed مُغْثُور [q. v.]; (K;) as also اغفر. (TA.) b2: See also عَيَّرَ, last sentence.11 اغثارّ It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) had much غَثَر i. e. nap, or villous substance, (K, TA,) and wool. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 غَثْرَى: see the first paragraph. Q. Q. 2 تَمَغْثَرَ He gathered مُغْثُور [q. v.]. (K.) You say, خَرَجَ النَّاسُ يَتَمَغْثَرُونَ, like يَتَمَغْفَرُونَ, The people went forth to gather مَغَاثِير [pl. of مُغْثُورٌ]. (TA.) غَثَرٌ The nap, or villous substance, of a garment, or piece of cloth; (K, TA;) and the wool thereof. (TA.) غَثْرَةٌ Abundance: (TA:) [and particularly] abundance of herbage, and of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; ampleness [thereof] (K, TA.) b2: And A portion of property. (TA.) غُثْرَةٌ A dust-colour inclining to خُضْرَة [which here app. means a dingy ash-colour]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, [simply] dust-colour: (TA:) or it is like duskiness (غُبْشَةٌ) mixed with redness. (K, TA.) غَثَرَةٌ: see أَغْثَرُ, last sentence.

غَثَارِ, or غَثَارُ, accord. to the CK غُثَارٌ: see أَغْثَرُ.

الغَوْثَرُ and الغَثَوْثَرُ: see أَغْثَرُ, former half.

غَيْثَرَةٌ A threatening. (K.) b2: And Fight, or conflict; and commotion, or tumult: so in the saying, تَرَكْتُ القَوْمَ فِى غَيْثَرَةٍ and غَيْثَمَةٍ [I left the people, or party, in fight, &c.]: (As, TA:) or, accord to IAar, it means the treading, or trampling, of the people, or party, one upon another, (مُدَاوَسَةُ القَوْمِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا,) in fight, or conflict: you say, بَيْنَ القَوْمِ غَيْثَرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ [Among the people, or party, is a vehement treading, &c.]. (S, TA.) A2: See also أَغْثَرُ, last sentence, in two places.

أَغْثَرُ, (S,) and [the fem.] غَثْرَآءُ, (K,) Dustcoloured: (K, TA:) or of a dingy, or dusky, colour: (TA:) or of a dingy, or dusky, colour: (TA:) or [of the colour termed غُثْرَة, which is] nearly the same as dust-coloured. (S, K, TA.) 'Omárah says, حَتَّى اكْتَسَيْتُ مِنَ المَشِيبِ عِمَامَةً

غَثْرَآءَ أَغْفِرُ لَوْنَهَا بِخِضَابِ [Until I attired myself with a dusky turban of hoariness, the colour of which I concealed with hair-dye]. (TA.) b2: أَغْثَرُ is applied as an epithet to a ram That is not red [or brown] nor black ner white; (IAar, TA;) meaning of a dusky, or dingy, colour. (TA.) And it is so applied to a wolf. (IAar, TA.) And الأَغْثَرُ signifies The wolf; (TA;) as also الأَغْبَرُ. (TA in art. غبر.) b3: And [in like manner] الغَثْرَآءُ signifies The hyena, or female hyena; (K, TA;) because of its colour: (TA;) as also ↓ غَثَارِ, (O, K, TA,) like قَطَامِ, (O, TA,) determinate; (K, TA;) [accord. to the CK غُثَارٌ, which is wrong;] and accord. to IAar ↓ غَثَارُ, imperfectly declinable. (TA.) b4: And الأَغْثَرُ signifies also The lion; and so ↓ الغَثَوْثَرُ: (K:) or the latter, as also ↓ الغَوْثَرُ, the lion that is in a confused, or perplexed, case. (O.) b5: And A certain bird, (K, TA,) having confused, or disordered, plumage, (TA,) long in the neck, (K, TA,) in the colour of which is غُثْرَة [q. v.], and which is of the aquatic kind. (TA.) b6: أَكَلَتْهُمُ الغَثْرَآءُ [which may be rendered The hyena, or female hyena, devoured them] means (assumed tropical:) they perished. (Z, TA.) b7: غَثْرَآءُ applied to [garments of the kind called] أَكْسِيَة [pl. of كِسَآءٌ] (K, TA) and قَطَائِف [pl. of قَطِيفَةٌ] and the like, and to an عَبَآءَة, (TA,) signifies Having much wool (L, K, TA) and nap, or villous substance. (L.) b8: الأَغْثَرُ also signifies The [green substance that overspreads stale water, called] طُحْلُب. (S, TA.) b9: Also (assumed tropical:) The ignorant man: and the stupid man: likened to the hyena, or female hyena, which is one of the most stupid of beasts, and of which one of the appellations is الغَثْرَآءُ. (IDrd, TA.) b10: And الغَثْرَآءُ and الغُثْرُ, (S, K, TA,) which latter is the pl. of الأَغْثَرُ, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) The low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, or the refuse, or rabble, of mankind; as also ↓ الغَثْرَةُ, (S, K, TA,) said to be originally ↓ الغَيْثَرَةُ, (S, TA,) which signifies the same: (S, K, TA:) and غَثْرَآءُ is also expl. as meaning a mixed assemblage of people (K, TA) of the low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, or of the refuse, or rabble, of mankind; (TA;) and so ↓ غَيْثَرَةٌ: (Az, TA:) or a mixed assemblage of people of various tribes: or the unknown common people: or the commonalty, or generality, of men. (TA.) مِغْثَرٌ: see what next follows.

مِغْثَارٌ: see what next follows.

مُغْثُورٌ (S, M) and ↓ مِغْثَرٌ (Yaakoob, S, K) and ↓ مِغْثَارٌ (TA) [A sort of manna;] a thing [or substance] which is exuded by the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, (S, K,) and by the عُرْفُط, (S,) and the ثُمَام, and the عُشَر, (K,) resembling gum, and sweet, (S,) like honey: (S, K:) it is eaten; (TA;) and sometimes it flows upon the ground, like دِبْس: and it has an unpleasant smell: مُغْثُورٌ is a dial. var. of مُغْفُورٌ [q. v.]: (S, TA:) the pl. is مَغَاثِيرُ. (K.) أَرْضٌ مُغَثْرِيَةٌ: see 1. b2: وَجَدَ المَآءَ مُغَــثْرِيًا عَلَيْهِ means He found the water to be thronged: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Sgh, (TA,) you say, وَجَدْتُ المَآءَ مُغَــثْرِيًا بِالوِرْدِ I found the water to be thronged by the coming thereto. (O, TA.) غثو and غثى 1 غَثَا الوَادِى, (Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (Msb,) inf. n. غَثْوٌ; (Msb, K;) and غَثَى, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثْيٌ; (K;) the latter mentioned by IJ, but the former is that which is [commonly] known to the lexicologists; (TA;) The valley, or water-course, was, or became, full of غُثَآء [q. v.]: (Msb: [and the like is indicated in the K:]) or had in a abundance of camels' or similar dung (بَعْر) and leaves and reeds or canes. (TA.) b2: غَثَا اللَّحْمُ, inf. n. غَثْوٌ, The flesh-meat was bad by reason of its leanness. (IKtt, TA.) b3: غَثَتِ النَّفْسُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَثْىٌ and غَثَيَانٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and, accord. to Lth, غَثِيَت, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثًا, but Az says that this is post-classical; (TA;) i. q. خَبُثَت; (S, K, TA;) and جَاشَت; (TA;) i. e. [The soul, or stomach, heaved; or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; or] became agitated so that the person nearly vomited, by reason of a mixture pouring forth to the mouth of the stomach: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, غَثَيَانٌ signifies a flowing of the mouth which sometimes, or often, occasions vomiting. (TA.) b4: غَثَتِ السَّمَآءُ بِالسَّحَابِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) The sky was, or became, clouded, or covered with clouds: (K, TA:) or began to be so. (TA.) A2: غَثَا السَّيْلُ المَرْتَعَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثْوٌ; thus accord. to J, [in the S,] but accord. to the K and ISd, غَثَى, mentioned in art. غثى; and in [some of] the copies of the K, المَرْبَعَ is erroneously put for المَرْتَعَ; (TA;) The torrent drew [or washed] together the pasture, and deprived it of its sweetness; as also ↓ اغثاهُ. (S, K.) b2: and hence, by way of comparison, (TA,) غَثَى الكَلَامَ, aor. ـْ (K, TA;) and غَثِيَهُ, aor. ـْ (K, * TA;) the former verb of the class of رَمَى, and the latter of the class of رَضِىَ; inf. n. غَثْىٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) He mixed, or put together confusedly, the speech, or language. (K, * TA.) b3: And غَثَى

المَالَ, and النَّاسَ, He beat the cattle, and the people, and dealt blows among them. (K, * TA.) b4: غَثِيَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ The land became abundant in herbage: (K, TA:) or began to be so. (TA.) b5: And غَثِىَ شَعْرُهُ, inf. n. غَثًى, His hair became matted, or compacted together: mentioned in art. غثى by IKtt: perhaps a dial. var. of عَثِىَ, with the unpointed ع; mentioned before. (TA.) 4 أَ1ْ2َ3َ see the preceding paragraph, latter half.

غُثَآءٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُثَّآءٌ (S, K) The rubbish, or small rubbish, or particles of things, or refuse, and scum, and rotten leaves mixed with the scum, (Zj, S, * Msb, * K, TA,) borne upon the surface (S, Msb, TA) of a torrent: (Zj, S, Msb, K, TA:) or dried-up [or decayed] and broken pieces [or leaves and stalks] of herbage, that are seen upon a torrent: so in the Kur lxxxvii. 5: [see أَحْوَى

in art. حو:] (TA:) pl. أَغْثَآءٌ. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, مَالُهُ غُثَآءٌ وَعَمَلُهُ هَبَآءٌ وَسَعْيُهُ خَفَآءٌ (assumed tropical:) [His property is as rubbish borne by a torrent (see Kur xxiii. 43), and his work is as motes that are seen in the rays of the sun (see Kur xxv. 25), and his labour, or earning, is a thing that is unapparent]. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] غُثَآءُ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) The low, or vile, and the refuse, of mankind. (TA.) الأَغْثَى The lion. (K.)

نوط

1 نَاطَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَوْطٌ, He suspended it; hung it. (S, Msb, K.) You say, نُطْتُ القِرْبَةَ بِنِيَاطِهَا [I suspended the water-skin by its نياط, q. v]. (TA.) And نِيطَ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءُ The thing was suspended to him, or it: and نُوطَ عليه: (TA:) or عَلَيْهِ ↓ نُوِّطَ, (S; accord. to two copies: the pronoun relating to a camel when loaded.) and نِيطَ بِهِ الشَّىْءُ The thing was attached to, or connected with, him, or it. (TA.) It is said in a trad, مَا أَخَذْنَاهُ إِلَّا عَفْوًا بِلَا سَوْطٍ وَلَا نَوْطٍ i. e. [We took him not save with case;] with neither beating, [lit. with neither whip,] nor hanging [or clinging]. (TA.) And in a proverb, كُلُّ شَاهٍ بِرِجْلِهَا سَتُنَاطُ [Every sheep, or goat, shall be hung by its hind leg]: i. e. every one who commits a crime shall be punished for it: or, accord to As, one ought not to punish for a crime, or an offence, any but the committer thereof. (TA.) And Hassán Ibn-Thábit says, وَأَنْتَ دَعِىٌّ نِيطَ فِى آلِ هَاشِمٍ

كَمَا نِيطَ خَلْفَ الرَّاكِبِ القَدَحُ الفَرْدُ [And thou art an adopted person, who is connected with the family of Háshim, like as the single drinking-cup is connected behind the rider]. (TA.) See also شَاقَ, in art. شوق.2 نَوَّطَ see 1.8 انتاط It was, or became, suspended, or hung; it hung; (K, TA;) بِهِ to him, or it. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] (tropical:) It was, or became, distant, or remote, or far-extending. (S, TA.) You say, انتاطت المَفَازَةُ, and, by transposition, إِنْتَطَت, (tropical:) The desert extended far; [as though it were connected with a desert like it; (see نِيَاطٌ;)] it was far-extending. (TA.) And انتاطت المَغَازِى (tropical:) The places of war were distant, or far-extending: from نِيَاطُ المَفَازَةِ, meaning “ the far extent of the desert: ” or from النَوْطُ. (TA.) And انتاطت الدَّارُ (tropical:) The house, or place of abode, &c., was distant. (IAar, K, TA.) نَوْطٌ A thing, (S, K,) whatever it be, (S,) that is suspended, or hung, from another thing; (S, K;) an inf. n. used as a subst.: (K:) and particularly a thing that is put, or hung, upon a camel, (عِلَاوَةٌ,) between two halves of a load, بين عِدْلَيْنِ, (K,) or, as A 'Obeyd says, بَيْنَ العُودَيْنِ [which, if not a mistranscription, app. meansbetween the two staves of the saddle]; (TA:) the علاوة being thus called because it is suspended (تُنَاطُ) to the load: (Z, TA:) and a small [receptacle of palm-leaves, of the kind called] جُلَّة, (Az, S, K,) containing dates (S, K) and the like, (K,) which is suspended from a camel, (S,) being hung, by its handles, from the saddle of the camel of burden: (Az, TA;) such, says Az, I have heard thus called by the people of El-Bahreyn: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْوَاطٌ (S. K) and [of mult.] نِيَاطٌ (Az, K;) the former is pl. of نَوْطٌ in the general sense first mentioned above: and also signifies what is suspended (نُوِّطَ, as in two copies of the S, or نُوطَ, as in the TA) upon the camel when he is loaded: (S, TA:) and i. q. مَعَالِيقُ [things suspended to a beast of burden; such as the قُمْقُمَة and the قِرْبَة and the مِطْهَرَة]. (S, K.) It is said in a proverb عَاطٍ بَغَيْرِ أَنْوَاطٍ Taking [or reaching to take] without there being there anything suspended; which is like the saying “ Driving by singing without having a camel ” (S, L, See also art عطو.]) And in another proverb. إِنْ أَعْيَا البَعِيرُ فَزِدْهُ نَوْطًا [If the camel be fatigued, add thou to him an appendage to his full load] meaning, if he be slow and inobsequious in his pace, do not thou lighten his burden: (K:) accord. to As, إِنْ أَعْيَا فَزِدْهُ نَوْطًا is a proverb relating to the pressing a niggardly man. (TA.) b2: ذَاتُ أَنْوَاطٍ the name of A particular tree, (S, TA,) of great size, (S,) which was worshipped in the time of ignorance, said by IAth to be the name of a particular gum-acacia-free (سَمُرَة) to which the believers in a plurality of gods used to suspend their weapons, and around which they used to circuit. (TA.) b3: النَّوْطُ المُذَبْذِبُ occurs in a trad. as meaning The leg of a rider, from fatigue or some other cause, ever dangling, or moving to and fro. (TA.) نَيْطٌ: see نِيَاطٌ, in two places. and see art نيط.

نِيَاطٌ The loop-shaped handle (عُرْوَة) of a قِرْبَة [or water-skin]: (Msb:) the [appendage called]

مُعَلَّق [q. v.] of a bow; (S, K;) by which it is suspended: (K, voce خَطَمَ:) and of a قِرْبَة: [by which it is suspended; (see 1, second sentence;) and of anything. (K.) b2: See also شِيَاقٌ. b3: Also (S, Msb [in the K, “or,” which is evidently a mistake,]) النِّيَاطُ [i. e. نِيَاطُ القَلْبِ The suspensory of the heart;] a vein, (S, Msb,) or a thick vein, (K,) [app. the ascending aor. a,] by which the heart is suspended (S, Msb, K) from, (مِنْ, S, Msb [or possibly this may mean forming a part of,]) or to, (إِلَى, K,) the وَتِين, [which seems here to signify the descending aor. a, or, accord. to the second rendering of من, suggested above, the aor. a altogether,] (S, Msb, K,) the cutting, or severing, of which causes death; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ نَيْط: (S:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْوِطَةٌ and [of mult.] نُوطٌ, with damm, (Az, K,) because the ى in نِيَاطٌ is originally و: the latter is allowable when the number is not meant [to be limited to a few]: or, accord. to some, there are two things thus called: the upper being that of the heart: and the lower, the فَرْج. (Az, L.) [Hence,] المُقَطَّعَةُ النِّيَاطِ (K, and so in a copy of the S, excepting that the former word is there without the article,) is applied to (tropical:) The أَرْنَب [or female hare], (S, K,) like مُقَطَّعَةُ الأَسْحَارِ, (S,) as an appellation of good omen, i. e. as meaning that her نياط will be severed: or, as some say, المُقَطِّعَةُ النِّيَاطِ, (K, and so in some copies of the S, excepting that the former word is there without the article,) as meaning that, by reason of her swiftness, her نياط, or [as in the A,] the نياط of [every one of] the dogs [that pursue her], will be severed. (K.) Hence also the saying, ↓ رَمَاهُ اللّٰهُ بِالنَّيْطِ, meaning [God smote him, or may God smite him,] with death. (S.) [See also art. نيط.] [Hence likewise,] النِّيَاطُ is applied to (tropical:) Two stars [app. s and t of Scorpio] between which is قَلْبُ العَقْرَبِ [which is the star and of that constellation]. (Sgh, K, TA.) b4: Also, i. q. الفُؤَادُ [which generally means The heart; but is probably here used in one of its other senses, namely, the appendages of the œsophagus, consisting of the liver and lungs and heart]. (K.) b5: Also, A certain vein lying within the صُلْب [i. e. backbone, or back], beneath the [portion of flesh and sinew called the] مَتْن; and so ↓ النَّائِطُ: (K:) or the latter is a vein extending in, or along, the صُلْب, [in some copies of the K, قَلْب, which, as is said in the TA, is a mistake,] by the cutting of which the مَصْفُور [or person in whose belly is yellow water, as explained in the TA,] is treated for the purpose of cure. (S, K.) b6: نِيَاطُ المَفَازَةِ (tropical:) The far extent of the desert: (TA:) or of the way thereof; as though it were connected with another desert, (S, K,) hardly coming to an end. (S, TA.) [Thus,] البَعِيدُ نِيَاطُهُ, applied to the Hijáz, means البَعِيدُ مُعَلَّقُهُ (assumed tropical:) [i. e. Whereof every connected part, or appendant tract, is far-extending]. (Ham, p. XXX). The Rájiz, El-'Ajjáj, says, وَبَلْدَةٍ بَعِيدَةِ النِّيَاطِ مَجْهُولَةٍ تَغْتَالُ خَطْوَ الخَاطِى (assumed tropical:) [Many a region far extending, unknown, rendering unapparent the trace of the stepping of the stepper]. (S and O in the present art. and in art. غول.) النَّائطُ: see نِيَاطٌ.

تَنَوُّطٌ, (S, K,) like تَكَرُّمٌ, (K,) and تُنَوِّطٌ, (S, K,) with damm to the ت (K) and fet-h to the ن (TA) and kesr to the و, (K,) or تَنَوِّطٌ, (as in some copies of the S,) and تُنُوِّطٌ, (TA, voce تُبُشِّرٌ,) A certain bird, that lets down strings from a tree, (As, S, K,) and weaves its nest like an oilflask, suspended to those strings, (K,) then produces her young therein; and hence its appellation: (As, S:) a certain bird, like the قَارِيَة in blackness, [or rather in dinginess,] that constructs its nest between two twigs, or branches, or upon one twig, or branch, making its nest long, so that a man cannot reach its eggs until he introduces his arm to the shoulder-joint: or, accord. to Aboo-'Alee, a certain bird, that suspends pieces of the bark of trees [formed into strings], and makes its nest at their extremities, to protect itself from serpents and men and ذَرّ [or young ants, or small red ants]: (TA [see also صَافِرٌ:]) called in Persian كِيپُوْ: (Kzw:) n. un. with ة. (S, K.) [See De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., vol. iii., p. 499.] Hence the proverb, أَصْنَعُ مِنْ تَنَوُّطٍ [More skilled in fabricating than a تنوّط]. (Meyd.) تَنْوُاطٌ What is hung (S, K) from, (S,) or upon, (K,) the [kind of vehicle called] هَوْدَجٌ, for ornament: (S, K:) or the implements, or apparatus, &c., that are hung upon a horse. (Ham, p. 165) b2: And hence, (tropical:) Adventives; or persons who introduce themselves among a people, and live among them, not being of their race; and persons whose fathers are free men, or Arabs, and whose mothers are slaves, and who have become conjoined with the genuine and pure Arabs, not being of them: for ذُو التَّنْوَاطِ; [or ذَوُو التَّنْوَاطِ;] the latter of these two words being originally an inf. n.: or it may be an inf. n. used as an epithet. (Ham, ibid.) [See also مَنُوطٌ.]

مَنَاطٌ A place of suspension, or hanging. (Msb.) b2: [Hence the saying,] فُلَانٌ مِنِّى مَنَاطَ الــثُّرَيَّا (tropical:) [Such a one is with respect to me as though he were in the place of suspension of the Pleiades]; i. e., in distance: (Sb, S, K * [in the K, هذا is put for فُلَانٌ; and in the CK, مَناطُ is erroneously put for مناطَ]:) or the meaning is, in such a station: the prep. being understood, as in ذَهَبْتُ الشَأْمَ and دَخَلْتُ البَيْتَ: Z says, هُمْ مِنِّى مَنَاطَ الــثُّرَيَّا (tropical:) [they are &c.] by reason of their elevated state. (TA.) مَنُوطٌ Suspended; hung. (K.) You say, هٰذَا مَنُوطٌ بِهِ This is suspended, or hung, to him, or it. (K.) b2: [Hence the saying,] هٰذَا رَجُلٌ مَنُوطٌ بِالقَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) This is a man adventive to the people; one who has introduced himself among them, and lives among them, not being of their race: (K, * TA:) or i. q. دَعِىٌّ [one whose origin, or lineage, is suspected; &c.]: (K:) and مَنُوطٌ مُذَبْذِبٌ is also applied to a person of this latter description who betakes himself to a people; the latter epithet being added to denote that he knows not to whom to assert himself related, like the wind wavering to the right and left. (TA.) See also تَنْوَاطٌ.]

مُنْتَاطٌ (tropical:) Distant, or remote; and far extending. (TA.) You say, مُنْتَاطُ المَحَلِّ (tropical:) Whose place of abode is distant. (TA.) And غَايَةٌ مُنْتَاطَةٌ (tropical:) A distant goal, or scope; or a far-extending space. (TA.)

ردف

1 رَدِفَهُ, (T, S, O, Msb, K &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَدْفٌ, (MA, KL,) He rode behind him [on the same beast]; (Az, Sh, Zj, T, MA, Msb;) [and] so رَدَفَهُ, [aor. ـُ (M;) and ↓ اردفهُ; (Az, Sh, T, M;) said by IAar to signify the same as رَدِفَهُ: (T:) [or, in other words,] رَدِفَهُ signifies he became to him a رِدْف [meaning a رَدِيف]; and so رَدِفَ لَهُ; for the Arabs often add the ل with a trans. v. that governs an accus. noun; so that they say, سَمِعَ لَهُ and شَكَرَ لَهُ and نَصَحَ لَهُ, meaning سَمِعَهُ and شَكَرَهُ and نَصَحَهُ: (Fr, T:) [and also] he, or it, followed, or came after, him, or it; (S, O, K, and Ham p. 148;) and so رَدِفَ لَهُ; (Ham ibid.;) and رَدَفَهُ, aor. ـُ (K;) and ↓ اردفهُ; (S, K, and Ham ubi suprà;) and ↓ ارتدفهُ also signifies the same as رَدِفَهُ; (K;) رَدِفَهُ and ↓ اردفهُ being like تَبِعَهُ and أَتْبَعَهُ in [form and] meaning: (S:) [↓ رَدَّفَهُ, likewise, appears to be syn. with رَدِفَهُ; or, probably, رُدِّفَهُ, which seems to signify lit. he was made to ride behind him; &c.; for it is said that] the inf. n. تَرْدِيفٌ signifies the coming, or going, behind; as also تَرْدَافٌ: (KL:) and رَدِفْتُهُ also signifies I overtook him and outwent him. (Msb: [explained in my copy by لحقته وسبقته: but I think that سبقته is a mistranscription for تَبِعْتُهُ; and that the meaning therefore is, I overtook him and followed him.]) One says, كَانَ نَزَلَ بِهِمْ أَمْرٌ فَرَدِفَ لَهُمْ آخَرُ أَعْظَمُ مِنْهُ [An event had befallen them, and another, of greater magnitude than it, happened afterwards to them]. (Lth, * T, * S, O.) And أَمْرٌ ↓ اردفهُ is a dial. var. of رَدِفَهُ, meaning An event happened to him afterwards: (S, O:) or رَدِفَهُمُ الأَمْرُ and ↓ أَرْدَفَهُم signify the event came upon them suddenly, or unexpectedly; or came upon them so as to overwhelm them. (M.) It is said in the Kur [xxvii. 74], عَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ رَدِفَ لَكُمْ بَعْضُ الَّذِى تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ, meaning [Perhaps a portion of that which ye desire to hasten] may have drawn near to you; (Yoo, Fr, T, O,) as though the ل were introduced because the meaning is دَنَا لَكُمْ: or it may mean يَكُونَ رَدِفَكُمْ [may have become close behind you]; (Fr, T, O;) the ل being introduced for a reason mentioned above, as in سَمِعَ لَهُ &c. for سَمِعَهُ &c.: (Fr, T:) El-Aaraj read رَدَفَ لكم. (O.) and Khuzeymeh Ibn-Málik Ibn-Nahd says, الــثُّرَيَّا ↓ إِذَا الجَوْزَآءُ أَرْدَفَتِ ظَنَنْتُ بِآلِ فَاطِمَةَ الظُّنُونَا [When Orion, or Gemini, shall ride behind, or closely follow, the Pleiades, (an event which will never occur,) I will form in my mind, respecting the family (meaning the father) of Fátimeh, opinions]: (S, O:) cited by Fr [and by J] as an ex. of اردفت in the sense of رَدِفَت: (T:) he means Fátimeh the daughter of Yedhkur Ibn-'Anazeh, who [i. e. Yedhkur] was one of the قَارِظَان. (S, O. [Respecting the قارظان, see art. قَرظ.]) 2 رَدَّفَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph.3 رادفت الدَّابَّةُ The beast allowed a رَدِيف [to ride it], and was strong enough to bear him; as also ↓ اردفت [accord. to some]. (Msb.) You say, هَذِهِ دَابَّةٌ لَا تُرَادِفُ (T, S, M, O, K) and ↓ لَا تُرْدِفُ, (Lth, M, O, K,) but the latter is rare, (K,) or post-classical, of the language of the people of towns and villages, (T, O,) and not allowable, (T,) This beast will not allow a رَدِيف (Lth, T, M) to ride it; (Lth, T;) will not bear a رديف. (S, O, K.) b2: مُرَادَفَةُ الجَرَادِ signifies The mounting of [locusts one behind, or upon, another;] the male locust upon the female, and the third upon those two. (S, O, K.) b3: And مُرَادَفَةُ المُلُوكِ is [a phrase meaning The acting as a رِدْف, or as أَرْدَاف, to the kings,] from الرِّدَافَةُ [q. v.]. (O, K.) Jereer, who was of the Benoo-Yarbooa, to whom pertained the رِدَافَة in the Time of Ignorance, says, رَبَعْنَا وَرَادَفْنَا المُلُوكَ فَظَلِّلُوا وطَابَ الأَحَالِيبِ الثُّمَامَ المُنَزَّعَا [We have taken the fourth part of the spoils, and we have acted as أَرْدَاف to the kings; therefore shade ye the skins of the camel-loads of milk collected from the camels in the pasture with panic grass plucked up, and so make it cool for us]: (S, * O:) وِطَاب is the pl. of the وَطْب of milk. (S.) b4: [In the conventional language of lexicology, رادفهُ, inf. n. مُرَادَفَةٌ, signifies It was synonymous with it; i. e. a word with another word: as though the former supplied the place of the latter, like as the رِدْف supplied the place of the king. See also 6.]4 أَرْدَفْتُهُ, (T, S, Msb,) inf. n. إِرْدَافٌ, (Msb,) I made him to ride (Sh, Zj, T, S, Msb) behind me, (Sh, * Zj, T, Msb,) or with me, (S,) on the back of the [same] beast; and so ↓ اِرْتَدَفْتُهُ: (Msb:) or ↓ ارتدفهُ signifies he placed him behind him on the beast: (M:) and أَرْدَفْتُهُ مَعَهُ I made him to ride with him [or behind him, on the same beast]. (O, K.) b2: And اردف الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ and اردفهُ عَلَيْهِ He made the thing to follow the thing. (M.) b3: See also 1, in six places. b4: اردفت النُّجُومُ, [بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا being app. understood,] The stars followed one another. (S, O, K.) [See also 6.]

b5: See also 3, in two places.6 تَرَادُفٌ is syn. with تَتَابُعٌ. (T, S, O.) Yousay, تَرَادَفَا They followed each other. (K.) and ترادف القَوْمُ The people, or party, followed one another: and in like manner one says of anything following another thing. (Msb.) [See also 4.] And ترادف الشَّىْءُ The thing was, or became, consecutive in its parts; one part of the thing followed another. (M.) b2: It is also a word alluding to a certain foul act: (M, O:) from الرِّدْفُ signifying العَجُزُ. (M.) You say, (of two boys, or young men, TK,) تَرَادَفَا meaning تَنَاكَحَا. (K.) b3: And تَرَادَفُوا عَلَيْهِ They aided, helped, or assisted, one another against him. (As, S.) And تَرَادَفَا They aided, helped, or assisted, each other; (O, K;) as also ترافدا. (O.) b4: As a conventional term in lexicology, تَرَادُفٌ signifies Synonymousness; or the being synonymous. (Mz, 27th نوع; and Kull p. 130.) [You say, of two words, يَتَرَادَفَانِ They are synonymous. See also 3: and see مُتَرَادِفٌ.]8 إِرْتَدَفَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph: b2: and see also 4, in two places. b3: You say also, ارتدفهُ meaning He came behind him; syn. اِسْتَدْبَرَهُ. (S, O.) And ارتدف العَدُوَّ He took the enemy, or seized him, or took him captive, or gained the mastery over him and slew him, coming from behind him; syn. أَخَذَهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ

أَخْذًا. (K.) أَتَيْنَا فُلَانًا فَارْتَدَ فْنَاهُ is explained by Ks as meaning أَخَذْنَاهُ &c. as above [i. e. We came to such a one, and took him, &c.]. (T, S, M, * O.) 10 استردفهُ He asked him to make him [or to let him] ride behind him on the back of the beast. (S, * O, Msb, K. *) رِدْفٌ: see رَدِيفٌ, in two places. b2: Also A sequent of a thing; (T, S, M, O, Msb, K;) whatever that sequent be: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. أَرْدَافٌ, which is its pl. in all its senses; (M;) and is particularly applied to the [stars that are] followers of [other] stars; (T, M, O;) [and] its pl. is [also]

رُدَافَى; (T;) which is particularly applied to drivers of camels; or drivers who urge camels, or excite them, by singing to them: (T, S, K:) and to aids, assistants, or auxiliaries; (S, K;) [as being a man's followers; or] because, when any one of them is fatigued, another takes his place: (S:) or, as some say, رُدَافَى is syn. with رَدِيفٌ: (T:) or it is also syn. with رَدِيفٌ, and (O, K) some say, (O,) a pl. thereof. (O, K.) b3: The night: and the day: (K:) الرِّدْفَانِ signifying the night and the day, (T, S, O, K,) because each of them is a رِدْف to the other: (T:) and the morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall; as also الأَبْرَدَانِ and البَرْدَانِ. (T in art. برد.) b4: The consequence of an event, or affair; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ رَدَفٌ. (O, K.) So the former in the saying, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ رِدْفُ [This is an event, or affair, that has not, or will not have, any consequence, or result]. (S, O.) [So too ↓ رَدِيفٌ; the phrase ↓ الرَّدِيفُ وَالمَرْدُوفُ meaning The consequence and that of which it is the consequence.] b5: The hinder part of anything. (M.) b6: The posteriors, or buttocks, (S, M, O, Msb,) or peculiarly, accord. to some, (M,) of a woman: pl. أَرْدَافٌ; (M, Msb;) with which رَوَادِفُ is syn., but [ISd says,] I know not whether it be an extr. pl. of رِدْفٌ, or pl. of ↓ رَادِفَةٌ. (M.) b7: رِدْفُ المَلِكِ He who, in the Time of Ignorance, supplied the place of the king, (T, M,) in the management of the affairs of the realm, like the وَزِير in the time of El-Islám, (T,) or like the صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَة in this our age: (M:) in the Time of Ignorance, (S,) he who sat on the right hand of the king, and, when the king drank, drank after him, before others, and, when the king went to war, sat in his place, (S, O, K, *) and was his vicegerent over the people until he returned, and, on the return of the king's army, took the fourth of the spoil: (S, O:) he also rode behind the king upon his horse: (Har p. 321:) pl. أَرْدَافٌ. (T, S, M.) [See also الرِّدَافَةُ.] b8: الرِّدْفُ [is also a name of] The bright star [a] on the tail of the constellation الدَّجَاجَة [i. e. Cygnus; which star is also called الذَّنَبُ, and ذَنَبُ الدَّجَاجَةِ]; (Kzw;) a certain star near to النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ [or a of Lyra]; (Lth, M, O, K;) and (M) so ↓ الرَّدِيفُ; (S, M, O;) or this is another star near to النسر الواقع. (K.) And رِدْفُ الــثُّرَيَّا i. q. الجَوْزَآءُ [i. e. either Orion or Gemini]. (O.) b9: Lebeed applies the dual رِدْفَانِ to Two sailors in the hinder part of a ship. (O, K.) رَدَفٌ: see رِدْفٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

بَهْمٌ رَدْفَى Lambs, or kids, brought forth in the خرِيف [or autumn], and in the صَيْف [meaning spring], in the last part of the period in which sheep, or goats, bring forth. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) رِدَافٌ The place upon which the رَدِيف, or رِدْف rides. (S, M, O, K.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

رَدِيفٌ One who rides behind another (S, M, O, Msb, K) on the back of the [same] beast; (Msb;) as also ↓ رِدْفٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ مُرْتَدِفٌ: (S, K:) the pl. (M, K) of the first (M) is رُدَافَى, (M, K, [in my copy of the Msb ردفى, which is app. a mistranscription, and there said to be irreg.,]) or the pl. of رَدِيفٌ is رِدَافٌ, (S, [so in both of my copies,]) and رُدَفَآءُ: (M:) and ↓ رُدَافَى is used as a sing., syn. with رَدِيفٌ, (T, K,) accord. to some, (T,) as well as pl. [thereof]: (K:) or it is pl. of رِدْفٌ [q. v.]. (T.) [Hence,] one says, جَاؤُوا رُدَافَى They came following one another. (K.) [Hence,] also, A حَقِيبَة, and the like, that is [conveyed] behind a man; [i. e. a bag, or receptacle, in which a man puts his travellingprovisions; and any other thing that is conveyed behind a man on his beast;] and so ↓ رِدْفٌ. (M.) b2: See also رِدْفٌ, in two places. b3: Also A star rising in the east, when its opposite star is setting in the west. (S, O, K.) And (K) A star facing a rising star: (Lth, M, O, * K:) used in this sense by Ru-beh; who terms the rising star رَاكِبُ المِقْدَارِ. (Lth, M.) b4: Also One who brings his arrow after the winning of one of the players at the game called المَيْسِر, or of two of them, and asks them to insert his arrow among theirs: (O, K:) or ↓ رِدَافٌ [so in the M accord. to the TT, but app. a mistranscription,] signifies one who brings his arrow after they have divided among themselves the slaughtered camel, and who is not turned back by them disappointed, but is assigned by them a portion of what has become their shares. (M.) الرِّدَافَةُ The function of the رِدْف of a king, (S, O, K,) in the Time of Ignorance: (S: [see رِدْفٌ:]) a term similar to الخِلَافَةُ: (K:) it pertained to the Benoo-Yarbooa, in that time; because there were not among the Arabs any who waged war more than they did against the kings of El-Heereh, who therefore made peace with them on the condition that the ردافة should be assigned to them and that they should abstain from waging war against the people of El-'Irák: (S, O:) it was of two kinds; one being the riding behind the king upon his horse; and the other, what has been explained above, as from the S, voce رِدْفٌ. (Har p. 321.) رُدَافَى: see رَدِيفٌ [of which it is said to be a syn. and also a pl., or pl. of رِدْفٌ, q. v.].

الرَّادِفَةُ, in the Kur lxxix. 7, means The second blast [of the horn on the day of resurrection]: (S, O, Bd, Jel, and K in art. رجف:) or the heaven, and the stars, which shall be cleft and scattered. (Bd.) [See also الرَّاجِفَةُ.] b2: See also رِدْفٌ. b3: رَوَادِفُ is pl. of رَادِفَةٌ and of ↓ رَادُوفٌ. (K.) It signifies The [shoots that are termed] رَوَاكِيب [pl. of رَاكُوبٌ q. v. voce. رَاكِبٌ] of the palm-tree. (S, O, K.) And Streaks [or layers] of fat, overlying one another, in the hinder part of a camel's hump: those in the fore part are called رَوَاكِبُ. (O * and K * in the present art., and A and K and TA in art. ركب.) رَادُوفٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

المَرْدُوفُ as opposed to الرَّدِيفُ: see رِدْفٌ.]

مُرَادِفُ لَفْظٍ, in the conventional language of lexicology, A synonym of a word or expression. (Mz, 27th نوع.) [See 3, last signification: and see also مُتَرَادِفُ.]

مُرْتَدِفٌ: see رَدِيفٌ, first sentence.

مُتَرَادِفٌ, as a conventional term in lexicology, Synonymous: you say أَلْفَاظٌ مُتَرَادِفَةٌ synonymous words or expressions. (Mz, 27th نوع.) [Loosely explained in the K by the words أَنْ يَكُونَ اسْمًا لِشّىْءٍ وَاحِدٍ, meaning significant of one thing; which is the contr. of مُشْتَرَكٌ, i. e. “ homonymous: ” and in like manner, المُتَرَادِفَةُ is expl. in the O, ان تكون أَسْمَآءً لشىءٍ واحدٍ; and is said to be post-classical.] مُتَرَادِفَاتٌ [its pl. when used as a subst.] signifies Synonyms; i. e. single, or simple, words denoting the same thing considered in one and the same respect or light: thus the مُتَرَادِفَانِ differ from the noun and the definition [thereof], because these [generally] are not both single words; and from the مُتَبَايِنَانِ [or “ two disparates ”] such as السَّيْفُ and الصَّارِمُ, because these denote the same thing considered in two different respects, the one in respect of the substance, and the other in respect of the quality: (Fakhred-Deen [Er-Rázee] in the Mz, 27th نوع:) or they may be two simple words, as اللَّيْثُ and الأَسَدُ; and two compound expressions, as, جُلُوسُ اللَّيْثِ and قُعُودُ الأَسَدِ; and a single word and a compound expression, as المُزُّ and الحُلْوُ الحَامِضُ. (Kull p. 130.) [See also مُرَادِفُ لَفْظٍ.] [This art. is wanting in the copies of the L and TA to which I have had access.]

عنق

1 عَنِقَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَنَقٌ, He (a man, TK) was, or became, long in the neck. (TA, TK. [The verb in this sense is said in the TA to be like فَرِحَ: but in two instances in the same it is written عَنُقَ, with the same inf. n., and expl. as meaning He was, or became, long and thick in the neck.]) b2: [Golius has assigned to عَنَقَ (an unknown verb) two significations belonging to تعنّق.]2 عنّق عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَعْنِيقٌ, He went along and looked down upon it or came in sight of it; expl. by مَشَى وَأَشْرَفَ. (O, K.) b2: عنّقت السَّحَابَةُ The cloud emerged from the main aggregate of the clouds, and was seen white by reason of the sun's shining upon it. (TA.) b3: عنّقِت اسْتُهُ His posteriors, or his anus, protruded; syn. خَرَجَت. (O, K.) b4: عنّقت كَوَافِيرُ النَّخْلِ The spathes of the palm-trees became long, (O, K,) but had not split open. (O.) b5: عنّقت البُسْرَةُ The date that had begun to colour ripened nearly as far as the قِمَع [or base] thereof, (K, TA,) so that there remained of it around that part what was like the finger-ring. (TA.) A2: عنّقهُ He took him by his neck, and squeezed his throat, or fauces. (O, * L, K. *) It is related in a trad., that the Prophet said to Umm-Selemeh, when a sheep, or goat, of a neighbour of her's had come in and taken a cake of bread from beneath a jar belonging to her, and she had taken it from between its jaws, مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِى لَكِ أَنْ تُعَنِّقِيهَا i. e. [It did not behoove thee] that thou shouldst take hold of its neck and squeeze it: or the meaning is, that thou shouldst disappoint it; (O, K;) from عنّقهُ signifying he disappointed him; (K;) which is from العَنَاقُ: (O:) or, as some relate it, he said ان تُعَنِّكِيهَا, (O, K,) i. e., that thou shouldst distress it, and treat it roughly: (O:) and تُعَنِّفِيَهَا, with ف, would be approvable if agreeing with a relation. (O, K. *) And it is also related in a trad., that he said to the women of 'Othmán Ibn-Madh'oon, when he died, الشَّيْطَانِ ↓ اِبْكِينَ وَإِيَّاكُنَّ وَتَعَنُّقَ, if correct, [meaning Weep ye, but beware ye of the Devil's seizing by the neck, and squeezing the throat,] from عنّقهُ as first expl. above: but it is by some related otherwise, i. e. وَنَعِيقَ الشيطان. (L.) 3 عانقهُ, (S, TA,) and عَانَقْتُ المَرْأَةَ, (Msb,) inf. n. عِنَاقٌ (S, Msb, TA) and مُعَانَقَةٌ, He embraced him, putting his arms upon his neck, and drawing, or pressing, him to himself, (S, TA,) and I so embraced the woman, as also ↓ اعتنقتها; (Msb;) [and ↓ تعانقهُ, and ↓ تعنّقهُ: see the last of the verses cited voce بَيْنٌ, and the remarks thereon: but see also what here follows:] and ↓ تعانقنا We so embraced each other or one another: (Msb:) and ↓ تعانقا, and ↓ اعتنقا, [They so embraced each other,] both signifying the same; (S, O;) but (O) عانقا and ↓ تعانقا are said in a case of love, or affection, and ↓ اعتنقا is said in a case of war and the like; (O, * K;) or, accord. to Az, ↓ التَّعَانُقُ and ↓ الاِعْتِنَاقُ are both allowable in all cases: and [it is said that] when the act is predicated of one exclusively of the other, one says only عانقهُ, in both the cases above mentioned. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.4 اعنق الكَلْبَ He put the collar upon the neck of the dog. (S, O, K.) A2: اعنق, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِعْنَاقٌ, (Msb,) said of a horse [and the like], (S,) He went the pace termed عَنَق, (S, Msb,) i. e. a stretching pace, or a hastening and stretching pace, (S,) or a quick pace with wide steps. (Msb.) and He hastened; as also ↓ عانق. (TA.) اعنقوا إِلَيْهِ, meaning They hastened to him, or it, is from العَنَقُ signifying the pace thus termed. (Mgh.) In the phrase أَعْنَقَ لِيَمُوتَ, (Mgh,) occurring in a trad., (O,) the ل is used causatively: [i. e., the phrase signifies He hastened that he might die:] (Mgh:) [or] the meaning is, that the decree of death made him to hasten, and drove him on, to his place of slaughter. (O.) b2: اعنقت البِلَادُ The countries were, or became, distant, or remote; and so اعلقت. (TA, from the Nawádir el-Aaráb.) b3: اعنقت الــثُّرَيَّا (tropical:) The ثريّا [or Pleiades] set. (O, K, TA.) and اعنقت النُّجُومُ (assumed tropical:) The stars advanced to the place of setting. (O.) b4: اعنق الزَّرْعُ (assumed tropical:) The corn became tall, and put forth its ears: (O, K, TA:) as though it became such as had a neck. (TA.) b5: اعنقت الرِّيحُ (tropical:) The wind raised the dust, or carried it away, and dispersed it. (O, K, TA. [See also 8.]) 5 تَعَنَّقَ see 2, last sentence: b2: and see also 3. b3: تعنّق said of the jerboa, It entered its hole called the عَانِقَآء; (O, K;) or so تعنّق العَانِقَآءَ, and تعنّق بِهَا: (TA:) and, said of the hare, it hid, or inserted, its head and its neck in its burrow [app. meaning in the burrow of a jerboa: but see عَانِقَآءُ]. (O, K.) 6 تَعَاْنَقَ see 3, in five places.8 إِعْتَنَقَ see 3, in four places. b2: [Hence, اِعتِنَاقُ السَّلَاسِلِ, a phrase well known as meaning The putting of chains upon one's (own) neck; occurring in the K voce رَهْبَانِيَّة. b3: And] اعتنقت الأَمْرَ I took to the affair with earnestness. (Msb.) b4: اعنتقت الدَّابَّةُ The beast fell in the mire, and put forth its neck. (TA.) A2: اعتنقت الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ [app. meaning, like اعنقت, (see 4, last signification,) (assumed tropical:) The wind raised the dust, or carried it away, and dispersed it,] is from العَنَقُ, i. e. “ the pace with wide steps ” thus termed. (TA.) عُنْقٌ: see عُنُقٌ, first sentence, in two places.

عَنَقٌ Length of the neck. (S, O, K. [See also 1.]) b2: Also A stretching pace, or a hastening and stretching pace, of the horse or the like, and of camels: (S, O, K, TA:) or a pace with wide steps: (Mgh:) or a certain quick pace, with wide steps: a subst. from أَعْنَقَ: (Msb:) and ↓ عَنِيقٌ signifies the same. (O, TA.) [See also نَصَبَ السَّيْرَ, and وَسَجَ.] A rájiz (Abu-n-Nejm, TA) says, يَا نَاقَ سِيرِى عَنَقًا فَسِيحَا

إِلىَ سُلَيْمَانَ فَتَسْتَرِيحَا [O she-camel (يَا نَاقَ being for يا نَاقَةُ) go a stretching-pace, &c., with wide steps, to Suleyman, that thou mayest find rest]. (S, O.) عُنَقٌ: see what next follows.

عُنُقٌ and ↓ عُنْقٌ, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) the former of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and the latter of the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) the latter said by Sb to be a contraction of the former, (TA,) [which is the more common,] and ↓ عَنِيقٌ and ↓ عُنَقٌ, (K, [in which it is implied that these two have all the significations assigned by its author to عُنُقٌ and عُنْقٌ,]) but [SM says] none of the leading lexicologists has mentioned these two, in what I have seen, (TA,) [adding that he had found in the O العَنِيقُ as meaning العَنَقُ, which he supposes the author of the K to have thought to be العُنُقُ,] The neck; i. e. the part that forms a connection between the head and the body; (TA;) i. q. رَقَبَةٌ; (Msb;) or i. q. جِيدٌ: (K:) [but see these two words:] masc. and fem.; (S, O, K;) generally masc., (IB, Msb, * TA,) but in the dial. of El-Hijáz fem.; (Msb;) or, as some say, ↓ عُنْقٌ is masc., and عُنُقٌ is fem.: (TA:) the pl. (i. e. of the first and second, TA) is أَعْنَاقٌ, (Sb, S, O, Msb, K,) the only pl. form. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Hence,] عُنُقُ الحَيَّةِ (assumed tropical:) A star [a] in the neck of the constellation Serpens. (Kzw.) [And عُنُقُ الشُّجَاعِ (assumed tropical:) The star a in the hinder part of the neck of the constellation Hydra: also called الفرْدُ.] b3: عُنُقُ الرَّحِمِ [The neck of the womb;] the slender part of the رحم, towards the فرْج. (TA.) b4: عُنُقُ الكَرِشِ The lowest portion of the stomach of a ruminant; (AHát, O, K;) also called الِقبَةُ [q. v.]. (AHát, O.) b5: أَعْنَاقُ النَّخْلِ (assumed tropical:) [The trunks of palm-trees]. (S in art. قصر.) b6: مَدَّ لِلْحَبِّ أَعْنَاقَهُ, said of seedproduce [or corn], means (assumed tropical:) The internodal portions of its culms appeared. (TA voce أَحْنَقَ, q. v.) b7: أَعْنَاقُ الرِّيحِ (tropical:) What have risen of the dust that is raised by the wind. (O, K, TA.) [The phrase قد رأس اعناقُ الريح, mentioned by Freytag as from the K, is a strange mistake.] b8: يَخْرُجُ عُنُقٌ مِنَ النَّارِ, occurring in a trad., means (assumed tropical:) A portion will issue from the fire [of Hell]. (TA.) b9: and خَرَجَ مِنَ النَّهْرِ عُنُقٌ (assumed tropical:) A current of water issued from the river, or rivulet. (ISh, TA.) b10: عُنُقُ الصَّيْفِ and الشِّتَآءِ The first part [of summer and of winter]: and in like manner عُنُقُ السِّنِّ [The first part of the age of a man as counted by years]: IAar says, I said to an Arab of the desert, كَمْ أَتَى عَلَيْكَ [How many years have passed over thee?] and he answered, أَخَذْتُ بِعُنُقِ السِّتِّينَ i. e. [I have entered upon] the first part of the ستّين [or sixtieth year]: and the pl. is أَعْنَاقٌ. (L, TA.) And كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى عُنُقِ الدَّهْرِ (O, K, TA) and الإِسْلَامِ (TA) means That was in the old [or early] period [of time] (O, K, TA) [and of El-Islám]. (TA.) b11: [And عُنُقٌ app. signifies (assumed tropical:) The upper portion of an elevated and elongated tract of sand, or the like: see the pl. أَعْنَاق in the last sentence of this art.] b12: الكَلَامُ يَأْخُذُ بَعْضُهُ بِأَعْنَاقِ بَعْضٍ and بِعُنُقِ بَعْضٍ are tropical phrases [app. meaning (tropical:) The speech, or language, is coherent, or compact]. (TA.) b13: هُمْ عُنُقٌ إِلَيْكَ means (assumed tropical:) They are inclining to thee; and expecting thee: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to Az, they have advanced towards thee with their company [agreeably with what next follows]. (TA.) b14: عُنُقٌ signifies also (tropical:) A company of men: (O, K, TA:) or a numerous company of men: or a preceding company of men: and is masc.: (TA:) and the heads, or chiefs, (O, K, TA,) of men; (O, TA;) and the great ones, and nobles. (TA.) فَظَلَّتْ أَعْنَاقُهُمْ لَهَا خَاضِعِينَ, in the Kur [xxvi. 3], is expl. as meaning (tropical:) And their great ones and their chiefs [shall continue submissive to it]: or their companies: the pret. is here used in the sense of the future: (O, TA:) or, as some say, the meaning is, their necks. (TA. [See also art. خضع.]) One says also, جَآءَ فِى عُنُقٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) He came in a company of men. (O.) And جَآء القَوْمُ عُنُقًا عُنُقًا (assumed tropical:) The people came in [successive] parties; as Az says, each, or every, company of them being termed عُنُق: or, as some say, gradually, party by party. (TA.) And هُمْ عُنُقٌ عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:) They are a company, or party, combined against him. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., لَا يَزَالُ النَّاسُ مُخْتَلِفَةً أَعْنَاقُهُمْ فِى

طَلَبِ الدُّنْيَا i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Mankind will not cease to have] their companies [or parties diverse in the seeking of worldly good]: or, as some say, their heads, or chiefs, and great ones. (TA.) b15: Also (assumed tropical:) A portion of good; (IAar, O, TA;) من الخُبْزِ in the K being a mistake for من الخَيْرِ: (TA:) and of property: and of work, whether good or evil. (O.) One says, لِفُلَانٍ عُنُقٌ مِنَ الخَيْرِ (assumed tropical:) To such a one pertains a portion of good. (IAar, O, TA.) And it is said in a trad., المُؤَذِّنُونَ أَطْوَلَ النَّاسِ أَعْنَاقًا يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ, (IAar, O, K, * TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) [The proclaimers of the times of prayer will be] the most abundant of men in [good] works [on the day of resurrection]: (IAar, O, K, TA:) or the meaning is, chiefs; because the Arabs describe such as being long-necked: but it is also related otherwise, i. e., إِعْنَاقًا, with kesr to the hemzeh, meaning, [the most] hasting [of men] to Paradise: (O, K, TA:) and there are other explanations: (K, TA:) one is, that they shall be preceders to Paradise; from the saying لَهُ عُنُقٌ فِى الخَيْرِ he has precedence in that which is good: so says Th: another, that they shall be forgiven to the extent of the prolonging of their voice: another, that they shall be given an addition above other men: another, that they shall be in a state of happiness and sprightliness, raising the eyes and looking in expectation; for permission will have been given to them to enter Paradise: and other explanations may be found in the Fáïk and the Nh and the Expositions of Bkh. (TA.) A2: عُنُقٌ is also a pl. of the next word. (TA.) عَنَاقٌ A she-kid, (T, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) when a year old, (T, TA,) or not yet a year old: (IAth, Msb, TA:) and a lamb or kid, or such as is just born; syn. سَخْلَةٌ: (TA: [see مِعْنَاقٌ, last sentence:]) pl. (of pauc., TA) أَعْنُقٌ and (of mult., TA) عُنُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and also عُنُقٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) العُنُوقُ بَعْدَ النُّوقِ [The she-kids after the she-camels], (T, O, K, &c.,) meaning he has become a pastor of she-kids after having been a pastor of she-camels, (T,) is a prov., (T, O, K, &c.,) applied to him who has become lowered from a high station, (T,) or to a case of straitness after ampleness. (O, K.) b2: And العَنَاقُ, (S,) or عَنَاقُ الأَرْضِ, (T, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA, &c.,) [which latter is now applied to The badger; ursus meles; if correctly, app. because it burrows in the earth; but this application does not well agree with the following descriptions;] a certain beast, (O, Msb, K, TA,) of the beasts of the earth, like the فَهْد [or lynx], (S,) about the size of the dog, an animal of prey, (Msb,) that hunts, (O, Msb, TA,) smaller than the فَهْد, long in the back, (TA,) also called التُّفَهُ, (Msb, TA,) or, by some, النُّفَّةُ, (O, * Msb,) with teshdeed to the ف and with the fem. ة, (Msb,) and الفُنْجُلُ, (O, TA,) in Pers\. سِيَاه كُوش [or سِيَاه گُوش, i. e. “ black ear,” if meaning the badger, app. because of the black mark on each ear]; (Mgh, O, K, TA;) said by IAmb to be a foul beast, that is not eaten, and that does not eat anything but flesh; (Msb;) Az says, it is above the size of the Chinese dog, hunts like as does the فَهْد, eats flesh, and is of the beasts of prey; and is said to be the only beast that conceals its footmarks when it runs, except the hare; and he says also, “I have seen it in the desert (البَادِيَة), and it was black in the head, the rest of it being white: ” the pl. is عُنُوقٌ. (TA.) b3: العَنَاقُ is also the name of (assumed tropical:) The middle star ζ] of [the three stars called] بَنَات نَعْش الكُبْرَى [in the tail of Ursa Major]: (O, * K, * TA:) by it is a small star called السُّهَا, by looking at which persons try their powers of sight. (Kzw. [See also القَائِدُ, in art. قود.]) b4: [And the same, or عَنَاقُ الأَرْضِ, is the name of (assumed tropical:) The star g in what is figured by some as the right, and by others as the left, leg, or foot, of Andromeda.] b5: And عَنَاقٌ signifies also A calamity, or misfortune: (S, O, K: [see also العَنْقَآءُ, voce أَعْنَقُ:]) and a hard affair or event or case: (K:) and one says, لَقِىَ مِنْهُ أُذُنَىْ عَنَاقٍ, (S, O, TA, *) and عَنَاقَ الأَرْضِ, (TA,) He experienced, from him, or it, calamity, or misfortune, and a hard affair &c. (S, O, TA. *) And جَآءَ بِأُذُنَىْ عَنَاقٍ means He uttered an exorbitant lie. (TA.) b6: Also Disappointment; (IAar, S, O, K;) and so ↓ عَنَاقَةٌ. (O, K.) Such is the meaning in the saying of a poet, أُبْتُمْ بِالعَنَاقِ [Ye returned with disappointment;]: (S, O, TA:) or the meaning is بالمُنْكَرِ [with that which was disapproved, or abominable, &c.]; agreeably with an explanation of العَنَاقُ by 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh. (TA.) b7: And A [stony tract such as is termed] حَرَّة. (TA.) b8: And The poor-rate of two years: so in the saying of Aboo-Bekr (K, TA) to 'Omar, when he contended in war with the apostates, (TA,) لَوْ مَنَعُونِى عَنَاقًا [If they refused me a poor-rate of two years]: but it is also otherwise related, i. e. عِقَالًا, meaning a poor-rate of a year. (K, TA.) عَنِيقٌ i. q. ↓ مُعَانِقٌ [Embracing by putting the arms around the neck of another]. (S, * O, K.) A poet says, وَبَاتَ خَيَالُ طَيْفِكِ لِى عَنِيقًا

إِلَى أَنْ حَيْعَلَ الدَّاعِى الفَلَاحَا [And the fancied image of thy form coming in sleep passed the night embracing my neck until the caller to the prayer of daybreak cried, Come to security (حَىَّ عَلَى الفَلَاحِ)]. (S, O.) b2: See also مِعْنَاقٌ: b3: and see عَنَقٌ: b4: and عُنُقٌ, first sentence.

ذوات العنيق [app. ذَوَاتُ العُنَيْقِ] A sort [app. a bad sort] of dates. (TA voce حُبَيْقٌ.) عَنَاقَةٌ: see عَنَاقٌ, last quarter.

يَوْمُ عَانِقٍ One of the days [or conflicts] of the Arabs, (O, TA,) well known. (K, TA.) عَانِقَآءُ One of the holes of the jerboa, (IAar, O, K,) which it fills with earth or dust, and in which, when it fears, it conceals itself to its neck: (IAar, O:) and likewise, of the hare [?]. (TA. [See 5.]) The holes of the jerboa are this and the نَاعِقَآء and the نَافِقَآء and the قَاصِعَآء and the رَاهِطَآء and the دَامَّآء. (El-Mufaddal, L.) أَعْنَقُ Long-necked; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ مُعْنِقٌ applied to a man, and ↓ مُعْنِقَةٌ applied to a woman: (TA:) or أَعْنَقُ signifies long and thick in the neck: (TA:) fem. عَنْقَآءُ. (S.) b2: Applied to to a dog, Having a whiteness in his neck. (O, K.) b3: Also A certain stallion, of the horses of the Arabs, (O, K,) well known: (O:) whence بَنَاتُ أَعْنَقَ [The progeny of Aanak], (O, K,) certain fleet, or excellent, horses, (TA in art. بنى,) so called in relation to that stallion. (O, K.) And also said to be the name of A certain wealthy دِهْقَان [or headman, or chief, of a village or town; or proprietor thereof, in Khurásán and El-'Irák; &c.]: (O, K: *) whence بَنَاتُ أَعْنَقَ meaning The daughters of this Aanak: and it is said to have this or the former meaning in a verse of Ibn-Ahmar: (O, K:) accord. to As, certain women that were in the first age, described as being beautiful: accord. to Abu-l-'Abbás, certain women that were in El-Ahwáz; and mentioned by Jereer in satirizing El-Farezdak. (O.) b4: العَنْقَآءُ signifies also Calamity, or misfortune: (S, O, K: [like العَنَاقُ:]) one says, حَلَّقَتْ بِهِ عَنْقَآءُ مُغْرِبٌ [for مُغْرِبَةٌ, meaning A calamity carried him off or away; lit., soared with him]; and [in like manner] طَارَتْ بِهِ العَنْقَآءُ: (S, O:) [see also art. غرب:] and (K) originally, (S,) العَنْقَآءُ signifies a certain bird, of which the name is known, but the body is unknown: (S, O, K:) [or it is a fabulous bird:] AHát says, in the Book of Birds, العَنْقَآءُ المُغْرِبَةُ means calamity; and not any of the birds that we know: IDrd says, عَنْقَآءُ مُغْرِبٌ is a phrase for which there is no foundation: it is said to mean a great bird that is not seen save [once] in ages; and by frequency of usage it became a name for calamity: (O:) it is also said to be called عنقآء because it has in its neck a whiteness like the neck-ring: Kr says that they assert it to be a bird that is found at the place of the setting of the sun: Zj, that it is a bird that no one has seen: some say that it is meant in the Kur cv. 3: and some, that it is the eagle: (TA:) it is called in Pers\. سِيمُرْغ: (MA:) and it is mentioned also in art. غرب [q. v.]. (K.) [See also my translation of the Thousand and One Nights, chap. xx. note 22.] b5: Also, i. e. العَنْقَآءُ, (K,) or عَنْقَآءُ, (O,) An [eminence of the kind called] أَكَمَة, above an overlooking mountain: (O, K:) or العَنْقَآءُ المُغْرِبُ signifies the summit of an أَكَمَة on the highest part of a tall, or long, mountain: so says Aboo-Málik, who denies that it means a bird. (TA in art. غرب.) And عَنْقَآءُ applied to a [hill, or mountain, such as is termed]

هَضْبَة signifies High and long. (TA. [And a meaning similar to this seems to be indicated in the S and O. See, again, art. غرب.]) تُعْنُوقٌ, with damm, (K,) or تَعْنُوقٌ, (so in the O,) A plain, or soft, tract of land: pl. تَعَانِيقُ. (O, K.) مُعْنِقٌ; and its fem., with ة: see أَعْنَقُ, first sentence. b2: Also, the former, Hard and elevated land or ground, having around it such as is plain, or soft, (O, K, TA,) extending about a mile, and less: pl. مَعَانِيقُ: and they have imagined it to be termed ↓ مِعْنَاقٌ, [partly on account of this pl., and partly] because of the many instances like مُتْئِمٌ and مِتْآمٌ, and مُذْكِرٌ and مِذْكَارٌ. (TA.) b3: And مَرْبَأَةٌ مُعْنِقَةٌ A lofty place of observation. (O, K.) b4: See also مِعْنَاقٌ, in three places. b5: مُعْنِقٌ also occurs in a trad., applied as an epithet to a believer, meaning (assumed tropical:) One who hastens in his obedience, and takes a wide range in his work. (TA.) b6: And مُعْنِقَاتٌ, as applied by Dhu-r-Rummeh to [portions of sand such as are termed] أَدْعَاص [pl. of دِعْصٌ] means Lying in advance of others. (TA.) b7: See also the next paragraph.

مَعْنَقَةٌ A curved piece of rock. (O, K.) b2: and بَلَدٌ مَعْنَقَةٌ A country in which there is no abiding, by reason of the dryness and barrenness of the ground thereof: (O, K:) thus says Sgh: but in the Nawádir el-Aaráb it is said that ↓ بِلَادٌ مُعْنِقَةٌ means countries that are distant, or remote. (TA. [See also 4.]) مِعْنَقَةٌ A قِلَادَة [meaning collar], (T, S, O, K, TA,) accord. to ISd, that is put upon the neck of a dog. (TA.) b2: Also A small [elongated and elevated tract such as is termed] حَبْل (ISh, O, K, TA, [الجَبَلُ in the CK being a mistake for الحَبْلُ,]) of sand, (ISh, O,) in front of, or before, the [main portion of] sands: by rule it should be مِعْنَاقَةٌ, because they said in the pl. مَعَانِيقُ الرِّمَالِ: (ISh, O, K:) or one should say مَعَانِقُ الرَّمْلِ. (ISh, O.) b3: See also المُعَنَّقَةُ.

مِعْنقىّ, with kesr to the م, [app. مِعْنَقِىٌّ,] sing. of مَعَانِقُ applied to Certain horses (خُيُول) of the Arabs. (TA.) المُعَنَّقَةُ, (thus in the O,) or ↓ المُعَنِّقَةُ, like مُحَدِّثَة, thus in the copies of the K, but correctly with kesr to the م, [app. ↓ المِعْنَقَةُ,] pl. مَعَانِقُ, (TA,) A certain small creeping thing; (O, K, TA;) AHát says that المَعَانِقُ signifies [the small creeping things called] مُقَرِّضَاتُ الأَسَاقِى [that gnaw holes in the skins used for water or milk], having neck-rings (أَطْوَاق), [app. white marks round the neck, for it is added,] with a whiteness in their necks. (TA.) مُعَنِّقَاتٌ, applied to mountains (جِبَال) accord. to the copies of the K, [and thus in the O,] but correctly حِبَال, with the unpointed ح, (TA,) [i. e. elongated and elevated tracts of sand,] signifies Long. (O, K, TA.) b2: See also المُعَنَّقَةُ.

A2: المُعَنِّقَةُ as signifying Hectic fever (حُمَّى الدِّقِّ) is post-classical. (TA.) مِعْنَاقٌ, applied to a horse, signifies جَيِّدُ العَنَقِ [i. e. Excellent, or good, in the pace called عَنَق]; (S, O, K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, العُنُقِ;]) as also ↓ مُعْنِقٌ (TA) and ↓ عَنِيقٌ: (O, * TA:) and the first is also applied to a she-camel, as meaning that goes the pace called عَنَق: (IB, TA:) the pl. is مَعَانِيقُ. (K.) And one says also رَجُلٌ

↓ مُعْنِقٌ [and مِعنَاقٌ, meaning A man hastening]: and ↓ قَوْمٌ مُعْنِقُونَ and مَعَانِيقُ. (TA.) فَانْطَلَقْنَا مَعَانِيقَ إِلَى النَّاسِ occurs in a trad., meaning [and we went away] hastening [to the people]: (Sh, TA:) and in another, accord. to different relaters, ↓ فَانْطَلَقُوا مُعَانِقِينَ or مَعَانِيقَ i. e. [And they went away] hastening. (TA.) And مِعْنَاقُ الوَسِيقَةِ occurs in a verse of Abu-l-Muthellem El-Hudhalee, as some relate it, meaning Hastening after, or near after, his طَرِيدَة [app. as signifying the camels driven away by him]: but as others relate it, it is مِعْتَاق, with ت, meaning as expl. in art. عتق. (O. [The former is said in the S, in art. عتق, to be not allowable.]) A2: It is also applied to a ewe or goat (شَاةٌ مِنْ غَنَمٍ) as meaning That brings forth [app., accord. to analogy, that brings forth often] عُنُوق [meaning lambs or kids, pl. of عَنَاقٌ]. (TA.) A3: See also مُعْنِقٌ.

مُعَانِقٌ: see عَنِيقٌ: b2: and see also مِعْنَاقٌ.

مُعْتَنَقٌ A place where the أَعْنَاق [app. meaning upper portions] of the جِبَال [or mountains], accord. to the copies of the K, [and thus in the O,] but correctly حِبَال, with the unpointed خ, [i. e. elongated and elevated tracts of sand], (TA,) emerge from the سَرَاب [or mirage]: (O, K, TA:) used in this sense by Ru-beh. (O, TA.) Quasi عنقد عِنْقَادٌ and عُنْقُودٌ see in art. عقد; the ن being held to be augmentative.