نخب

1 نَخَبَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (S,) or ـُ (K,) inf. n. نَخْب; (S, K;) and ↓ انتخب; (S;) He drew, or took, out, or forth: (S, K:) syn. of the latter verb انتزع, (S,) in a trans. sense. (TA.) b2: نَخَبَ الصَّيْدَ He (a hawk) tore out the heart of the game. (TA.) b3: نَخَبَ, aor. ـَ and نَخُبَ, (K,) inf. n. نَخْبٌ, (S, K,) Inivit feminam: (S, K:) so accord. to some, in an absolute sense: (ISd:) or inivit feminam peculiari quodam modo. (ISd, K.) b4: نَخَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نَخْبٌ, It (an ant, or a louse, TA) bit. (K.) A2: نُخِبٌ He was cowardly, and his intellect quitted him; syn. هُبِتَ. (S, art. هبت.) b2: كَلَّمْتُهُ فَنُخِبَ عَنِّى I spoke to him, and he was unable to reply to me: syn. كَلَّ عَنْ جَوَابِى. (TA.) 4 انخب (as also انجب, TA) He begot a cowardly son: (K:) from مَنْخُوبٌ. (TA.) b2: انخب He begot a brave, or courageous, son: (K:) from نُخَبَةٌ. (TA.) Thus the verb bears two contr. significations. (K.) See also انجب.5 تَنَخَّبَ see 8.8 إِنْتَخَبَ See 1. b2: انتخبهُ [and ↓ تنخّبهُ, as is shown by a verse cited in art. سقب, conj. 4,] He chose, selected, or preferred, him, or it. (S, K.) Ex.

انتخب مِنَ القَوْمِ مِائَة رَجُلٍ He chose, or selected, from the people a hundred men. (TA, from a trad.) 10 استنخبت Congressum viri concupivit femina. (El-Umawee, S, K.) نَخْبٌ, (K,) or ↓ نَخْبَةٌ, (L, confirmed by the citation of two examples in verse,) and ↓ مَنْخَبَةٌ (K) and يَنْخُوبَةٌ (L) The podex: syn. إِسْتٌ. (L, K.) b2: نَخْبٌ Foramen vulvæ feræ: syn. خرق الثفر. (TA.) b3: نَخْبَةٌ Foramen pudendi: syn. خرق الجلد. (Nh.) A2: نَخْبٌ Cowardice; weakness of heart. (TA.) See نَخِبٌ.

A3: نَخْبٌ A large draught; i. q. Pers\. دُوسْتْكَانِى [dóst-kánee]. (K.) نَخَبٌ: see نَخِبٌ.

نَخِبٌ (S, K) and ↓ نَخْبٌ and ↓ نَخْبَةٌ (so accord. to the TA: in the CK نُخْبَةٌ:) and ↓ نُخْبَةٌ (in the CK ↓ نُخَبَةٌ) and ↓ نِخَبٌّ and ↓ نِخِبٌّ (K) and ↓ نَخِيبٌ and ↓ مَنْخُوبٌ and ↓ مُنْتَخَبٌ (S, K) and ↓ يَنْخُوبٌ, (K,) to which the CK adds ↓ نَخَبٌ, A cowardly man; a coward; as though his heart were drawn out; (S;) i. e., having no heart. (TA.) ↓ قَلْبٌ نَخِيبٌ [A cowardly heart]: نخيب signifies a coward, who has no heart: or, accord. to some, one who acts corruptly. (TA.) Pl. (of ↓ نخيب, TA,) نُخُبٌ: (K:) of ↓ منخوب, مَنْخُوبُونَ, and sometimes, in poetry, accord. to IAth, مَنَاخِبُ: and Aboo-Bekr mentions نخبات as a pl. of نخبة. (TA.) نَخْبَةٌ: see نَخْبٌ and نَخِبٌ.

A2: نَخْبَةُ نَمْلَةٍ, and نَجْبَةُ نملة, q. v., A bite of an ant. Both these modes of writing the word are mentioned by IAth on the authority of Z.

نُخْبَةٌ: see نَخِبٌ and نُخَبَةٌ.

نُخَبَةٌ (As, S, K) and ↓ نُخْبَةٌ (AM, K), the former the more approved word, (TA,) Chosen; choice; select; preferred; excellent; best: or what is chosen, &c.: (K:) i. q. نُجَبَةٌ, q. v.: (S:) pl. of the former نُخَبٌ. (S.) Ex. جَاءَ فى نُخَبِ

أَصْحَابِهِ He came with the best of his companions. (S.) نخبةُ المَتَاعِ The choice part of the goods, or utensils, &c.; what was drawn, or taken, out from them. (TA.) b2: A company, or troop, chosen, or selected, and drawn out, from the men. Ex., from a trad., خَرَجْنَا فِى النُّخَبَةِ We went forth with the chosen band. (TA.) b3: See نَخِبٌ.

نِخَبٌّ and نِخِبٌّ and نَخِيبٌ: see نَخِبٌ.

نِخَابٌ The skin of the heart. (TA.) مَنْخَبَةٌ: see نَخْبٌ.

مِنْخَابٌ syn. with مِنْجَابٌ; (TA;) A weak man, in whom is no good: (K:) pl. مَنَاخِيبُ, and sometimes, in poetry, مَنَاخِبُ. (TA.) مَنْخُوبٌ Lean; meagre; emaciated. (K.) b2: See نَخِبٌ.

مُنْتَخَبٌ: see نَخِبٌ.

يَنْخُوبٌ: see نَخِبٌ.

يَنْخُوبَةٌ: see نَخْبٌ.

نجد

1 نَجَدَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, L,) inf. n. نَجْدٌ, (L, K,) He overcame, conquered, subdued, overpowered, prevailed over, or surpassed, him. (AO, S, L, K.) b2: نَجَدَ رَأْيَهُ فِى الأُمُورِ, inf. n. نَجْدٌ, He exerted his judgment in affairs. (Sh, L.) b3: نَجُدَ, (S, M, &c.,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. نَجَادَةٌ (M, L, K) and نَجْدَةٌ, (K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (M, L,) He (a man, S, L,) was, or became, courageous, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) and sharp, or vigorous and effective, in those affairs which others lack power or ability to accomplish: (M, L, K:) or, very valiant: or, quick in assenting to that which he was called or invited to do, whether it were good or evil. (M, L.) See also 10, and 4. b4: نَجِدَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. نَجَدٌ; (S, L;) or نُجِدَ, like عُنِىَ, inf. n. نَجْدٌ; (K;) He became [overcome,] afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief, or anxiety. (S, L, K.) b5: نَجِدَ, aor. ـَ (S, L,) and نَجُدَ, which is extr., (L,) [or properly the aor. of نَجُدَ,] inf. n. نَجَدٌ, (S, L,) He (a man, S) sweated, by reason of work, or of sorrow, grief, or anxiety: (S, L:) and ↓ أَنْجَدَ he (a man, TA) sweated. (K.) b6: نُجِدَ عَرَقًا, (K,) or نَجُدَ عَرَقًا, (L,) He, (L,) or it, namely the body, (K,) flowed with sweat. (L, K.) b7: نَجِدَ, aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. نَجَدٌ (K) He was, or became, stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; not penetrating, sharp, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs; soft, without strength, or sturdiness, and without endurance: and weary, or fatigued. (K, TA.) b8: نَجُدَ He became terrified, or frightened. (L.) A2: نَجَدَ, (aor.

نَجُدَ, L,) inf. n. نُجُودٌ, It (a thing, or an affair,) was, or became, apparent, manifest, plain, or evident. (L, K.) b2: نَجَدَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. نُجُودٌ, It (a road) was, or became, apparent, manifest, conspicous, or plain. (L.) b3: أَعْطَاهُ الأَرْضَ بِمَا نَجَدَ مِنْهَا He gave him the land with what came forth from it. (L.) 2 نجّدهُ الدَّهْرُ, (inf. n. تَنْجِيدٌ, K,) Time, or habit, or fortune, tried, or proved, him, and taught him, (S, L,) and rendered him expert, or experienced, and well informed, (L,) or firm, or sound, in judgment: (K:) as also نجّذه, which is more approved. (L.) A2: نجّد, inf. n. تَنْجِيدٌ, He ran; syn. عَدَا. (K.) A3: نجّد, inf. n. تَنْجِيدٌ, He ornamented, or decorated, a house or tent (بيت) with the articles of furniture called نُجُود, pl. of نَجْدٌ: (S, * L, K: *) [and, accord. to present usage, he manufactured beds and the like, and pillows; and teased, separated, or loosened, cotton, for stuffing beds, &c., with the bow and mallet: see also نَجَّادٌ].3 ناجدهُ He went forth to him to fight, or combat. (A.) b2: ناجدت الإِبِلَ She (a camel) vied with the other camels in abundance of milk: she yielded abundance of milk when the other camels had little. (L, K. *) b3: See 4.4 انجد, (S, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِنْجَادٌ; (L;) and ↓ نَجَدَ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) and ↓ ناجد, inf. n. مُنَاجَدَةٌ; (S, L;) He aided, or assisted, another: (S, L, Msb, K;) he succoured him. (L.) b2: انجدهُ عَلَيْهِ He aided, or assisted, him against him. (L.) b3: انجد الدَّعْوَةَ (S, L, K) He answered, or complied with, the call, prayer, or invitation. (L, K.) And انجدهُ الدَّعْوَةَ He answered, or complied with, his call, prayer, or invitation. (M, L.) b4: انجد He was, or became, or drew, near to his family, or wife; expl. by قَرُبَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ. (Lh, ISd, K.) A2: انجدت السَّمَآءُ The sky became clear. (K.) b2: انجد (L, K) and ↓ تنجّد (K) He, or it, (a person, or thing, L, both said of such a thing as a mountain, TA,) became high, or lofty. (L, K.) b3: غَارَ وَأَنْجَدَ (assumed tropical:) He became famous in the low countries and in the high. (A.) b4: انجد, (inf. n. إِنْجَادٌ, L,) He entered upon the country of Nejd: (S, L:) or he came to Nejd, or to high land or country: (L, K:) or he went thither: (L:) or he went forth to, or towards, it. (Lh, ISd, L, K.) b5: أَنْجَدَ مَنْ رَأَى حَضَنَا, a proverb, He enters Nejd who sees Hadan, which is the name of a mountain; i. e., in going up from El-Ghowr, or El-Ghór. (S, L.) 5 تنجّد: see 4. b2: He swore a big oath. (L.) 10 استنجدهُ He asked, or desired, of him aid, or assistance, (S, L, K, *) and succour. (L.) b2: استنجد He (a man) became strong after having been weak, (S, L, K,) or sick. (TA.) b3: استنجد عَلَيْهِ, (S, L,) and بِهِ, (L, TA,) He became emboldened against him, (S, L, K,) and clave to him, (L,) after having regarded him with awe, or fear. (S, L, K.) b4: استنجد He became courageous after having been cowardly. (A.) See also نَجُدَ.

نَجْدٌ High, or elevated, land or country: (S, L, Msb, K:) or hard, and rugged, and elevated, or high, table-land: only stony and rugged, or hard, elevated land, like a mountain, standing over against one and intercepting his view of what is behind it, but not very high, is thus called: (L:) pl. أَنْجُدٌ, (S, L, K,) a pl. of pauc., (TA,) and أَنْجَادٌ, (L, K,) [also a pl. of pauc.,] and نِجَادٌ and نُجُودٌ (S. L, K) and نُجُدٌ; (IAar, L, K;) and pl. of نُجُودٌ, أَنْجِدَةٌ; [another pl. of pauc.;] (S, K;) or this is a mistake, and it is pl. of نِجَادٌ, like as أَحْمِرَةٌ is pl. of حِمَارٌ; or it is a pl. deviating from common rule. (IB, L.) You say أُعْلُ هَاتِيكَ النِّجَادَ Ascend thou these high lands; and هَاذَاكَ النِّجَادَ this high land, making it singular. (L.) b2: نَجْدٌ, (S, L, K, &c.,) and نَجُدٌ, (K,) the latter of the dial. of Hudheyl, (Akh,) of the masc. gender, [The high land, or country;] a division of the country of the Arabs; opposed to الغَوْرُ, [or the low country,] i. e., Tihámeh; all the high land from Tihámeh to the land of El-'Irák; (S, L;) above it are Tihámeh and El-Yemen, and below it El-'Irák and Esh-Shám; (K;) it begins, towards El-Hijáz, at Dhát-'Irk, (Msb, K,) and ends at Sawád of El-'Irák, and hence it is said to form no part of El-Hijáz: (Msb:) or it comprises all that is beyond the moat, or fosse, which Kisrà made to the Sawád of El-'Irák until one inclines to the Harrah (الحَرَّة), when he is in El-Hijáz; (El-Báhilee, T, L, Msb;) and it extends to the east of El-Ghowr, or El-Ghór; which is all the tract of which the torrents flow westwards: Tihámeh extends from Dhát-'Irk to the distance of two days' journey beyond Mekkeh: the tract beyond this, westward, is Ghowr, or Ghór; and beyond this, southwards, is Es-Saráh, as far as the frontiers of El-Yemen: (El-Báhilee, L:) or, as the Arabs of the desert have been heard to say, the country which one enters when, journeying upwards, he leaves behind him 'Ijliz, which is above El-Karyateyn, and which he quits when he descends from the mountain-roads of Dhát-'Irk, where he enters Tihámeh, and when he meets with the stony tracts termed حِرَار in Nejd, where El-Hijáz commences: (As, L:) or the high country from Batn-er-Rummeh to the mountain-roads of Dhát-'Irk: (ISk, L:) or the country from El-'Odheyb to Dhát-'Irk, and to El-Yemámeh, and to El-Yemen, and to the two mountains of Teiyi, and from El-Mirbed to Wejreh: Dhât-'Irk is the beginning of Tihámeh, extending to the sea and Juddeh: El-Medeeneh is not of Tihámeh nor of Nejd, but of El-Hijáz, higher than El-Ghowr, or El-Ghór, and lower than Nejd. (IAar, L.) b3: نَجْدٌ An elevated road: (S:) or an elevated and conspicuous road. (L, K.) A road in a mountain. (L.) [Hence طَلَّاعُ الأَنْجُدِ, expl. below, and in art. طلع.] b4: هَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِ [Kur, xc. 10] We have shown him the two ways; the way of good and that of evil: (Beyd, Jel, L:) or the two conspicuous ways: (L:) b5: or We have given him the two breasts; (Beyd, L;) for نَجْدٌ also signifies a woman's breast; (L, K;) the belly beneath it being like the [country called] غَوْر. (TA.) b6: أَمَا وَنَجْدَيْهَا مَا فَعَلْتَ ذٰلِكَ Now, by her two breasts, didst thou not that? A form of oath of the Arabs. (MF.) b7: نَجْدٌ and ↓ نَاجِدٌ A thing, or an affair, apparent, manifest, plain, or evident. (L.) b8: هُوَ طَلَّاعُ أَنْجُدٍ, and طلّاع أَنْجِدَةٍ, (S, L, K,) and طلّاع نِجَادٍ, (L, K,) and الأَنْجُدِ, (K, art. طلع,) and النِجَادِ, (L, K,) (tropical:) He is one who surmounts difficult affairs: (A:) or he is one who manages affairs thoroughly, (L, K,) and masters them: (L:) or he is a man expert in affairs, who surmounts and masters them by his knowledge and experience and excellent judgment: or, who aims at lofty things: (K, art. طلع:) or he is one who rises to eminences, or to lofty things or circumstances, or to the means of attaining such things: (S:) as also طَلَّاعُ الثَّنَايَا. (S, K, art. طلع.) See نَجِدٌ, and مُنَاجِدٌ.

A2: نَجْدٌ, sing. of نُجُودٌ (A 'Obeyd, S, L, K) and of نِجَادٌ, (L, K,) which signify The articles of household farniture and the like (متاع) with which a house or tent (بيت) is ornamented, or decorated; (A 'Obeyd, S, L;) the carpets and beds or other things that are spread, and the pillows, used for that purpose: (L, K:) the cloths or stuffs used for this purpose, with which the walls are hung, and which are spread; (L;) the curtains which are hung upon the walls: (A:) and أَنْجَادٌ, pl. of نَجْدٌ, household furniture, consisting of such things as are spread, and pillows, and curtains. (L.) A3: نَجْدٌ A skilful, or an expert, guide of the way. (L, K.) A4: نَجْدٌ, (K,) or ↓ نُجُدٌ, (L,) A place in which are no trees. (L, K.) A5: نَجْدٌ A kind of tree resembling the شُبْرُم (L, K) in its colour and manner of growth and its thorns. (L.) نَجَدٌ Sweat, (S, L, K,) by reason of work, or of sorrow, grief, or anxiety, &c. (L.) A2: النَّجَدَاتُ A certain sect of the Khárijees, (S, L,) of those called the Harooreeyeh; (L;) the companions, (S, K,) or followers, (L,) of Nejdeh Ibn-'Ámir (S, L, K) El-Harooree (L) El-Hanafee, (S, L, K,) of the Benoo-Haneefeh; (TA;) also called ↓ النَّجْدِيَّةُ. (TA.) نَجُدٌ: see نَجِذٌ.

نَجِدٌ and ↓ نَجُدٌ and ↓ نَجِيدٌ (S, M, L, K) and ↓ نَجْدٌ (M, L, K) A courageous man, (S, M, L, K,) sharp, or vigorous and effective, in those affairs which others lack power or ability to accomplish: (M, L, K:) or courageous and strong: (Msb:) or very valiant: or quick in assenting to that which he is called or invited to do, whether it be good or evil: (M, L:) pl. of نَجُدٌ, أَنْجَادٌ, like as أَيْقَاظٌ is pl. of يَقُظٌ; (S, L;) or this is pl. of نَجْدٌ and نَجِدٌ; (Sb, M, L;) and not of نَجِيدٌ: (M, L:) the pl. of this last is نُجُدٌ and نُجَدَآءُ. (S, L.) b2: ↓ النَّجِيدُ The lion: (K:) so called because of his courage. (TA.) b3: نَجِدٌ فِى الحَاجَةِ A man quick in accomplishing that which is wanted, or needed. (S, L.) b4: نَجِدٌ and ↓ مَنْجُودٌ (L) and ↓ نَجِيدٌ (TA) and ↓ نَاجِدٌ, in which last the ا is perhaps inserted by poetic licence, (L,) Sweating, by reason of work, or of sorrow, grief, or anxiety, &c. (L, TA.) See also مَنْجُودٌ.

نُجُدٌ: see نَجْدٌ.

نَجْدَةٌ, a simple subst. (M, L,) Courage, (S, M, L, Msb, K,) and sharpness, or vigour and effectiveness, in those affairs which others lack power or ability to accomplish: (M, L:) or courage with steadiness, and calmness in awaiting fearlessly death, victory, or martyrdom: (EshShiháb [El-Khafájee]:) or great valour: or quickness in assenting to that which one is called or invited to do, whether it be good or evil. (M, L.) b2: ذُو نَجْدَةٍ A man possessing valour. (S, L.) See مُنَاجِدٌ. b3: نَجْدَةٌ Fight; combat; battle. (L, K.) b4: Terror; fright. (L, K.) b5: Difficulty; distress; affliction; adversity: (Lh, S, * L, Msb, * K: *) pl. نَجَدَاتٌ (Msb.) Ex.

لَاقَى فُلَانٌ نَجْدَةً Such a one experienced difficulty, distress, trouble, or adversity. (Lh, S, L.) b6: See also a saying of Sakhr-el-Ghei, and a citation from a trad., voce رِسْلٌ. b7: نَجْدَةٌ Aid; assistance. (Msb.) b8: هُوَ ابْنُ نَجْدَتِهَا (tropical:) He is ignorant thereof: contr. of هو ابن بَجْدَتِهَا. By نجدة is meant an allusion to Nejdeh El-Harooree. (A.) See نَجَدٌ.

نِجْدَةٌ, with kesr, Trial, or affliction, (بَلَاءٌ) [experienced] in wars. (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee] and TA.) النَّجْدِيَّةُ: see نَجَدٌ.

نِجَادٌ The suspensory cords or strings of a sword: (S, K:) or the part thereof that lies upon the shoulder. (L.) b2: طَوِيلُ النِّجَادِ [lit., Having long suspensory cords or strings to his sword,] means (tropical:) a man of tall stature: for when a man is tall his نجاد must be long. (L.) نَجُودٌ, applied to a she-ass, and to a she-camel, Long-necked: (L, K:) or, so applied, (K,) or specially to a she-ass, (L,) or to a wild she-ass, (S,) that does not become pregnant: (S, L, K:) but Sh says, that this meaning is disapproved; and that the correct meaning is tall, applied to a she-ass: (L:) or tall; overpeering: (S, L:) or high and great: from نَجْدٌ [signifying “ high or elevated land ”]: (As, L:) pl. نُجُدٌ. (S, L, K.) b2: Also, applied to a she-camel, Sharp; spirited; vigorous: (L, K:) a correct meaning thus applied: (Sh:) or strong: (R:) one that precedes, or outgoes, others: (L, K:) or strong in spirit: (L:) pl. as above. (K.) b3: Also, so applied, Abounding with milk: (L, K:) and, that vies with the other camels in abundance of milk, (L, K,) and surpasses them therein, (L,) or yields abundance when they have little: (K:) [but for إِذَا غَزُرْنَ, in the copies of the K in my hands, meaning “ when they yield abundance of milk,”

I read اذا غَرَزْنَ:] pl. as above. (K.) b4: Also, so applied, That lies down upon a high, or elevated, place: (K:) or that will not lie down save upon high ground: (L:) pl. as above. (K.) b5: Also, An intelligent woman; sharp, or quick, in intellect: (K:) possessing judgment; as though she exerted her judgment in affairs: a strange meaning in which the word is used in a trad.: (Sh, L:) pl. as above. (K.) b6: See مَنْجُودٌ, and مُنَاجِدٌ.

A2: نَجُودٌ One who works in shaking and spreading and stuffing and arranging [those articles of household furniture which are called] نُجُود [pl. of نَجْدٌ]. (M, L.) See also نَجَّادٌ.

نَجِيدٌ: see نَجِدٌ, and مُنْجُودٌ.

نَجَّادٌ One who manufactures (يُعَالِج) beds and the like, and pillows; and sews them: (S, L, K:) [and, accord. to present usage, who teases, separates, or loosens, cotton, for stuffing beds &c., with the bow and mallet: as also ↓ مُنَجِّدٌ:] one who ornaments, or decorates, houses, and beds and the like, and carpets. (AHeyth, L.) See also نَجُودٌ.

نَاجِدٌ and ↓ مَنْجُودٌ Stupid, dull, wanting in intelligence; not penetrating, sharp, vigorous, or effective, in the performing of affairs; soft, without strength, or sturdiness, and without endurance: and weary, or fatigued. (TA.) b2: See نَجِدٌ.

نَاجِدَةٌ, sing. of نَوَاجِدُ (L,) which signifies Streaks of fat (L, K) upon the shoulders of a camel: occurring in a trad.: so called because of their elevation. (L.) نَاجُودٌ Wine: (As, L, K:) or excellent wine: or the first wine that comes forth when the clay is removed from the mouth of the jar: (As, L:) of the masc. gender. (L.) b2: A wine-vessel: (K:) any vessel into which wine is put, (A 'Obeyd, S, K, *) such as a بَاطِيَة, (L,) or a جَفْنَة &c.: (A 'Obeyd, S, L:) or a wine-cup, or a cup of wine; syn. كَأْسٌ: (L:) or a vessel in which wine is cleared; (A;) a clarifier, or strainer for wine; syn. رَاوُوقٌ; (Lth, L;) which last is the meaning that most assign to the word. (TA.) b3: Saffron. (As, L, K.) b4: Blood. (As, L, K.) مِنْجَدٌ A small mountain (K, [in the CK, for جُبَيْل is put حُبَيْل,]) overlooking a valley. (TA.) b2: مِنْجَدٌ A kind of ornament, (L, K,) worn by women, (L,) adorned with gems, or jewels, (L, K,) one over another: (L:) a necklace of pearls and gold, or of cloves, a span in breadth, extending from the neck to the part beneath the breasts, and lying upon the place of the نِجَاد; (L, K;) i. e. of the نجاد of a man's sword: from نَجَّدَ البَيْتَ: (L:) pl. مَنَاجِدُ. (L, K.) مِنْجَدَةٌ A light staff or stick with which a beast of carriage is urged on. (K.) b2: A stick, or wooden instrument, with which wool is teased, or separated, i. q. مِنْدَفٌ (?) (TA,) and with which the حَقِيبَة of a camel's saddle is stuffed. (K, TA.) مِنْجَادٌ A man who aids, or assists, much or well. (Lh, L.) مَنْجُودٌ Overcome; conquered; subdued; overpowered: and fatigued. (L.) b2: مَنْجُودٌ and ↓ نَجِيدٌ (and ↓ نَجُودٌ applied to a female, R,) Afflicted, distressed, or oppressed, by sorrow, grief or anxiety. (S, L, K.) See also نَجِدٌ. b3: مُنْجُودٌ In a state of perishing or destruction. (L, K.) b4: See نَاجِدٌ.

مُنَجَّدٌ, as also مُنَجَّذٌ, (S, L,) which latter is the more approved, (L,) A man tried and strengthened by experience; expert, or experienced; (S, L, K;) who has had experience in affairs, and has estimated and understood them, and become well informed. (L.) مُنَجِّدٌ: see نَجَّادٌ.

مُنَاجِدٌ A fighter; a combatant. (S, L, K.) b2: An aider; an assistant; (K;) [and so, app., ↓ نَجْدٌ and ↓ نَجْدَةٌ and ↓ نَجُودٌ, mentioned in the A].

نظر

1 نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and نَظَرَهُ, (M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, A, &c.,) and أَنْطُورٌ is substituted for أَنْظُرُ in the dial. of certain Arabs, (IDrd, TS, K,) or, accord. to Lb, in the Bughyetel-Ámál, the و is here added only [by poetic license,] to make the sound of the dammeh full, agreeably with other instances; (TA;) and نَظِرَ إِلَيْهِ, and نَظِرَهُ, aor. ـَ (A, K,) the verb being like سَمِعَ accord. to the correct copies of the K, [and so in the A,] but in one copy of the K, like ضَرَبَ; (TA;) inf. n. نَظَرٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and نَظْرٌ is allowable, as a contraction of the former, (Lth,) and نَظَرَانٌ (S, K,) and مَنْظَرٌ (M, A, K) and مَنْظَرَةٌ and تَنْظارٌ, (M, K,) [which last is an intensive form; He looked at, or towards, in order to see, him, or it;] he considered, or viewed, him or it with his eye; (S, A, K;) with the sight of the eye; (Msb;) [i. e. looked at him or it;] as also ↓ تنظّرهُ: (K:) and ↓ انتظرهُ signifies the same as تنظّرهُ and نَظَرَهُ [but app. in another sense, to be mentioned below, and not in the sense explained above, though the latter is implied in the TA; and the same may be meant when it is said that ↓ تنظّر is syn. with نَظَرَ, if this assertion, which I find in the M, have been copied without consideration, and be not confirmed by an example]: (TA:) or نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ signifies he extended, or stretched, or raised, [or directed,] his sight towards him or it, whether he saw him or did not see him. (TA.) The usage of النَّظَرٌ as relating to the sight is most common with the vulgar, but not with persons of distinction, who use it more in another sense, to be explained below. (TA.) You say, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ نَظْرَةً حُلْوَةً [He looked at him, or towards him, with one sweet look.] (A.) And نَظَرَ فِى المِنْظَارِ [He looked in the mirror]. (A.) And نَظَرَ فِى الكِتَابِ [He looked into, or inspected, the writing or book], (A, Msb,) which is for نَظَرَ المَكْتُوبَ فِى الكِتَابِ [he looked at what was written in the writing or book], or has a different meaning to be explained below. (Msb.) And هُوَ يَنْظُرُ حَوْلَهُ [lit., He looks around him; meaning,] he looks much. (A.) [See also نَظَرٌ below.] b2: نَظَرَتِ الأَرْضُ, (Sgh, K,) and نَظَرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِعَيْنٍ, and بِعَيْنَيْنِ, (A,) (tropical:) The earth, or land, showed (A, Sgh, K) to the eye (Sgh, K) its plants or herbage. (A, Sgh, K.) b3: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) It looked towards, meaning faced, him or it. So in the Kur, [vii. 197,] وَتَرَاهُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ وَهُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ (tropical:) Thou seest them look towards thee, i. e., face thee, but they see not; referring to idols, accord. to A'Obeyd. (TA.) And you say, دَارِى يَنْظُرُ إِلَى دَارِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) My house faces the house of such a one. (S.) And نَظَرَ إِلَيْكَ الجَبَلُ (tropical:) The mountain faced thee:(A:) as in the following ex.: إِذَا أَخَذْتَ فِى طَرِيقِ كَذَا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْكَ الجَبَلُ فَخُذْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَوْيَسَارِهِ (tropical:) [When thou takest such a road, and the mountain faces thee, then take thou the way by the right of it or the left of it.] (S.) b4: [Hence, perhaps,] نَظَرَ الدَّهْرُ إِلَى بَنِى فُلَانٍ فَأَهْلَكَهُمْ [app. meaning, (assumed tropical:) Fortune opposed the sons of such a one and destroyed them]: (S [immediately following there the ex. which immediately precedes it here:]) or نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمُ الدَّهْرُ signifies (tropical:) Fortune destroyed them: (M, A:) but (says ISd) I am not certain of this. (M.) b5: النَّظَرُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The turning the mind in various directions in order to perceive a thing [mentally], and the seeing a thing: and sometimes it means (assumed tropical:) the considering and investigating: [and as a subst., speculation, or intellectual examination:] and sometimes, (assumed tropical:) the knowledge that results from [speculation or] investigation. (El-Basáïr.) It is mostly used as relating to the intellect by persons of distinction; and as relating to the sight, most commonly by the vulgar. (TA.) [It is said that] when you say نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ, it means only [I looked at, or towards, him or it] with the eye: but when you say نَظَرْتُ فِى الأَمْرِ, it may mean [(assumed tropical:) I looked into, inspected, examined, or investigated, the thing or affair] by thought and consideration, intellectually, or with the mind: (TA:) [this remark, however, is not altogether correct, as may be seen from what follows: the truth seems to be, that نَظَرَهُ and نَظَرَإِلَيْهِ may be used in the latter of these two senses, though نَظَرَ فِيهِ is most common in this sense.] It is said in the Kur, [x. 101,] قُلِ انْظُرُوا مَا ذَا فِى السَّمٰوَاتِ (assumed tropical:) Say, Consider ye what is in the heavens. (TA.) And you say, نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ He saw it, and (assumed tropical:) thought upon it, and endeavoured to understand it, or to know its result. (TA.) [And He looked to it, or at it, or examined it, intellectually; regarded it; had a view to it.] And نَظَرَ فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) He considered it: (TA:) or thought upon it; namely a writing or book; or when such is the object it may have another meaning, explained before; and an affair: and with this is held to accord the saying وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ, q. v. infrà, voce نَظَرٌ: (Msb:) and (tropical:) he though upon it, measuring it, or comparing it. (M, K, TK. In the M and K, only the inf. n., نَظَرَ فِى أَمْوَالِ الأَيْتَامِ, of the verb in this sense is mentioned.) And فَنَطَرَ نَظْرَةً فِى النُّجُومِ (assumed tropical:) He considered, or examined, [or estimated,] the possessions of the orphans, in order to know them. (Msb.) And similar to this is the phrase [in the Kur, xxxvii. 86,] النَّظَرُ, meaning, (assumed tropical:) and he examined the science of the stars: (Msb:) [or he took a mental view of the stars, as if to divine from them.] الاِعْتِبَارُ when used unrestrictedly by those who treat of scholastic theology means الاِعْتِبَارُ [(assumed tropical:) The thinking upon a thing, and endeavouring to understand it, or to know its result; or judging of what is hidden from what is apparent; or reasoning from analogy]. (MF.) b6: نَظَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ, inf. n. نَظَرٌ, [app. for نَظَرَ فِى مَا بَيْنَهُمْ,] (assumed tropical:) He judged between them. (K.) b7: نَظَرَتْ, (TA,) inf. n. نَظَرٌ, (assumed tropical:) She practised divination; (K, * TA;) which is a kind of examination with insight and skill. (TA, from a trad.) b8: أُنْظُرْ لِى فُلَانًا (tropical:) [look thou out for such a one for me;] seek thou for me such a one. (A, TA.) b9: أُنْظُرْنِى (assumed tropical:) Listen thou to me. (M, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, أُنْطِرْنِى.]) The verb [says ISd] has this meaning in the Kur, ii. 98. (M.) b10: أَنَا أَنْظُرُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْكَ [lit., I look to God, then to thee; meaning,] (tropical:) I look for the bounty of God, then for thy bounty. (A.) b11: نَظَرَ اللّٰهُ إِلَيْهِ (tropical:) God chose him, and compassionated him, pitied him, or regarded him with mercy; because looking at another is indicative of love, and not doing so is indicative of hatred: (IAth:) or (assumed tropical:) God bestowed benefits upon him; poured blessings, or favours, upon him: (El-Basáïr:) and نَظَرَ لَهُمْ (tropical:) he compassionated them, and aided them; (Sgh, K;) and simply, he aided them: (K, * TA:) and نَظَرَ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) he accomplished his want, or that which he (another) wanted. (Msb.) A2: نَظَرَهُ is also syn. with ↓ إِتْنَظَرَهُ, q. v. b2: Also syn. with أَنْظَرَهُ, q. v. b3: Also نَظَرَهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. نَظْرٌ; (TA;) or ↓ نَظَّرَهُ; (so in a copy of the M, and in the CK; but from the mention of the inf. n. in the TA, the former seems to be the right reading;) He sold it (a thing, M) with postponement of the payment; he sold it upon credit. (M, * K, * TA.) See also 4. b4: [In these last three acceptations, accord. to the A, the verb is used properly, not tropically.]

A3: نُظِرَ He was, or became, affected by what is termed a نَظْرَة; (K, TA;) i. e., a stroke of an [evil] eye; (TA;) [or of an evil eye cast by a jinnee;] or a touch, or slight taint of insanity, from the jinn; (K;) or a swoon. (K, TA.) 2 نَظَّرَ see 1, last signification but one. b2: نظّر فِيهِ [He said of it فِيهِ نَظَرٌ, q. v.]. (TA passim.) 3 نَاظَرَهُ فِى أَمْرٍ, inf. n. مُنَاظَرَةٌ, (T, S, *) (tropical:) He considered, or examined, or investigated, with him a thing or an affair, to see how they should do it: (T, TA:) he investigated, or examined, with him a thing, and emulated him, or vied with him, in doing so, each of them adducing his opinion: (TA:) [he held a discussion with him respecting a thing:] or نَاظَرَهُ is syn. with جَادَلَهُ: (Msb:) or مناظرة signifies the examining mentally, or investigating, by two parties, the relation between two things, in order to evince the truth; (KT; and Kull, p. 342;) and sometimes with one's self; but مجادلة signifies the disputing respecting a question of science for the purpose of convincing the opponent, whether what he says be wrong in itself or not. (Kull.) b2: Also ناظرهُ [(tropical:) He, or it, looked towards, or faced, him, or it; was opposite, or corresponded, to him or it. (See نَظِيرٌ.)] b3: (tropical:) He was, or became, like him: (A, K:) or like him in discourse or dialogue. (TA.) b4: جَيْشٌ يُنَاظِرُ أَلْفًا (tropical:) An army that is nearly equal to a thousand. (A.) b5: نَاظَرَ فُلَانًا بِفُلَانٍ (tropical:) He made, or called, such a one like such a one. (K.) Hence the saying of Ez-Zuhree, (K,) Mohammad Ibn-Shiháb, (TA,) لَا تُنَاظِرْ بِكِتَابِ اللّٰهِ وَلَا بِكَلَامِ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ, i. e., Thou shalt not call anything like the book of God, nor like the words of the apostle of God: (A'Obeyd, T, K:) or thou shalt not compare anything, nor call anything like, to the book of God, &c.: (A,) or thou shalt not apply [aught of] the book of God, nor the words of the apostle of God, as a proverb to a thing that happens: (A'Obeyd, T, K; in which last, we read لِشَىْءٍ لِغَرَضٍ, in the place of the right reading, لِشَىْءٍ يَعْرِضُ: TA:) for, as Ibráheem En-Nakha'ee says, they used to dislike the mentioning a verse of the Kur-án on the occasion of anything happening, of worldly events; (T;) as a person's saying to one who has come at a time desired by the former, (TA,) or to one named Moosà, who has come at a time desired, (K,) جِئْتَ عَلَى قَدَرٍ يَا مُوسَى [Thou hast come at a time appointed, O Moosà: (Kur, xx. 42:)] (T, K:) and the like: (T:) but the first explanation is the most probable (TA, as from Az; but I do not find it in the T) 4 أُنْظِرَ بِهِ (tropical:) [He, or it, was made like]. Yousay, مَا كَانَ هٰذَا نَظِيرًا لِهٰذَا وَلَقَدْ أُنْظِرَ بِهِ (tropical:) [This was not like this, but has been made like]. (T, K:) like as you say, مَا كَانَ خَظِيرًا لَهُ وَلَقَدْ

أُخْطِرَ بِهِ. (T.) A2: انظرهُ He postponed him; delayed him: (M, A, Msb, K:) he granted him a delay or respite; let him alone, or left him, for a while: (T, TA:) as, for instance, a debtor, (T, Msb, TA,) and a man in difficult circumstances: (TA:) and ↓ نَظَرَهُ signifies the same. (Msb.) You say, بِعْتُهُ شَيْئًا فَأَنْظَرْتُهُ I sold to him a thing, and granted him a delay. (T.) And a person speaking says to him who hurries him, أَنْظِرْنى أَبْتَلِعْ رِيقِى Grant me time to swallow my spittle. (T.) And it is said in the Kur, [xv. 36 and xxxviii. 80,] فَأَنْظِرْنِى إِلَى يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ Then delay me until the day when they shall be raised from the dead. (TA.) See also 8. b2: He sold to him a thing with postponement of the payment; he sold to him a thing upon credit. (M.) See also 1 last signification but one.5 تَنَظَّرَ see 1, first signification.

A2: See also 8.6 تناظرا (tropical:) They faced each other. (K.) You say, تناظرت الدَّارَانِ (tropical:) The two houses faced each other. (M.) And دُورُنَا تَنَاظَرُ, (S,) or تَتَنَاظَرُ, [which is the original form,] (A,) (tropical:) Our houses faced one another. (S, A.) b2: See also تَرَاوَضَا.8 انتظره: see 1, first sentence.

A2: He looked for him; expected him; awaited him; waited for him; watched for his presence; syn. اِرْتَقَبَ حُضُورَهُ; (TA;) and تَأَنَّى عَلَيْهِ; (M, K;) and ↓ نَظَرَهُ (aor. ـُ T &c., inf. n. نَظَرٌ S, K) signifies the same; (T, M, A, Msb, K;) and so ↓ تنظرّهُ, (M, A, K,) and ↓ أَنْظَرَهُ; (Zj, TA;) [but respecting the last two, see what is said below:] but when you say انتظر without any objective complement, the meaning is, [he waited; or] he paused, and acted or behaved with deliberation, or in a patient, or leisurely, manner. (Lth, T.) It is said in the Kur, [lvii. 13,] اُنْظُرُونَا نَقْتبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ Wait for us (اِنْتَظِرُونَا) that me may take of your light: and accord. to Zj, أَنْظِرُونَا [which is another reading] is said to mean the same: or the latter means delay us: accord. to Fr, however, the Arabs say أَنْظِرْنِى meaning Wait thou for me (اِنْتَظِرْنِى) a little, (T.) ↓ التَّنَظُّرُ also signifies The expecting, or waiting for a thing: (TA:) or the expecting, or waiting for, a thing expected: (M, K, TA:) or ↓ تنظّرهُ signifies he expected, or waited for, (انتظر,) him, or it, leisurely, and so ↓ استنظرهُ. (S.) You say also, انتظر بِهِ خَيْرًا أَوْ شَرَّا (M, A, K, in art. ربص, in the last of which is added يَحُلٌّ بِهِ) [He looked for expected, awaited, or waited for, something good or evil to befall him, or betide him]10 استنظرهُ: see 8, last signification but one b2: He asked of him, or desired of him, a postponement, or delay. (M, A, K.) نِظْرٌ: see نَظِيرٌ.

A2: A man says to another, بَيْعٌ, [or perhaps بِيعٌ, like the word used in reply to it. here following and like خِطْبٌ and نِكْحٌ meaning, I sell and the other says, نِظْرٌ, meaning, Grant me a delay (أَنْظِرْنِى) that I may buy (أَشْتَرِى) of thee. (M, TA.) نَظَرٌ: see 1. [Used as a subst., as well as when used as an inf. n.,] it has no pl. (Sb, in TA, voce فِكْرٌ.) b2: ضَرَبْنَاهُمْ بِنَظَر, and مِنْ نَظَرِ, (tropical:) We saw them. (A, TA.) b3: بَيْنَنَا نَظَرٌ (tropical:) Between as is the extent of a look in expect of ?? (A, TA.) b4: حَىٌّ نَظَرٌ, (K, * TA,) and حَىٌّ جِلَالٌ وَنَظَرٌ, (S,) and حَىٌّ حِلَالٌ وَرِيَآءٌ وَنَظَرٌ, (A,) (tropical:) A tribe went together, (S, A, K, *) of which the several portions see one another. (S, A.) b5: وَفِيهِ نَظَرٌ (assumed tropical:) But it requires consideration, by reason of its want of clearness, or perspicuity: (Msb:) [a phrase used to imply doubt, and also to insinuate politely that the words to which it relates are false, or wrong:] like فِيهِ تَأَمُّلٌ. (MF, art. صفح.) b6: هُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَريْنِ, said in a trad., of one who has purchased a ewe or she-goat that has been kept from being milked for some days; meaning, (assumed tropical:) He has the option of adopting the better of the two things; he may either retain it or return it. (TA.) نَظْرَةٌ A look: a quick look or glance: (T:) pl. نَظَرَاتٌ. (A.) Hence the trad., لَا تُتْبِعِ النَّطْرَةَ النَّظْرَةَ فَإِنَّ لَكَ الأُوْلَى وَلَيْسَتْ لَكَ الآخِرَةُ [Thou shalt not make a look to follow a look; for the former is thine or right, lad the latter is not thine: i. e., when thou hast once looked at anything forbidden, unintentionally, thou shalt not look at it a second time]. (T, TA.) And the saying of a certain wise man, مَنْ لَمْ تَعْمَلْ نَظْرَتُهُ لَمْ يَعْمَلْ لِسَانُهُ [He whose look does not produce an effect, his tongue does not produce an effect]; (T;) meaning, that he who is not restrained from a fault or offence by being looked at is not restrained by speech. (TA.) b2: A stroke of an [evil] eye: (TA:) a stroke of an [evil] eye by which one is affected from the jinn's looking at him; (T, S; *) as also سَفْعَةٌ: (T;) or a touch, or a slight taint or infection of insanity. (طَائِفٌ,) from the jinn: or a swoon. (M, K.) b3: An alteration of the body or complexion by emaciation or hunger or travel &c. (S, M, K.) b4: Foulness; ugliness: (AA, TA:) evilness; or badness, of form or appearance; a fault: a defect; an imperfection. (M, K.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Reverence, veneration, awe, or fear, (I Aar, T, K,) b6: (tropical:) Compassion, pity, merry. (I Aar, T, K,) نَظِرَةٌ A postponement; a delay. (T, S, M, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur. [ii. 280.]

فَنَظرَةٌ إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ [Then let there be a postponement, or delay, until he shall be in an easy state of circumstances]; (T, M, Msb) a. c., فَإِنْظَارٌ, (T,) or فَتَأْخِيرٌ: (Msb) and accord. to another reading, ↓ فَنَاظِرَةٌ, like كَاذِبَةٌ, in the Kur, lvi. 2. (M.) You say also, بَاعَ مِنْهُ الشَّىْءَ بِنَظِرَةٍ He sold to him the thing with postponement of the payment, he sold to him the thing upon credit. (M.) and اِشْتَرَيْتُهُ مِنْهُ بِنَظِرَةٍ, and بِإِنْظَارٍ, I bought a of him with postponement of the payment; I bought a of him upon credit. (T.) نَظَرِىٌّ (assumed tropical:) [Speculative knowledge or science; such as is acquired by study;] that of which the origination rests upon speculation. and acquisition by study; as the conception of the intellect or mind, and the assent of the mind or the position, that the world has had a ??? (K, T.) [It is opposed to بَدِيهِىٌ and to صرورِىٌّ.]

سُمْعُنَّةٌ نُظْرُنَّةٌ, and vars. thereof, see in art. سمع.

نَظَارِ, like قَطَامِ, (S, K,) an imp. n., (T.) meaning, Wait thou: syn إِنْتَظِرْ. (T, S, K.) نَظُورٌ and ↓ نَظُورَةٌ and ↓ نَاظُورَةٌ and ↓ نُظِيرَةٌ A chief person, whether male or female, to whom one looks. (M, K.) You say, ↓ فُلَانٌ نَظِيرَةٌ قَوْمِهِ, and قَوْمِهِ ↓ نَظُورَةُ, Such a one is the person to whom his people look, (Fr, T, S,) and whom they imitate, or to whose example they conform. (Fr, T.) All these words are also used in a pl. sense: (M, K:) or [so in some copies of the K; but in others, and,] نظيرة and نظورة have نَظَائِرُ for their pl., (S, K,) sometimes. (K.) b2: Also, نَظُورٌ A man who neglects not to look at, (M, L, K,) or to consider, (A,) that which, (M, A, L,) or him who, (K,) disquiets him, or renders him solicitous. (M, A, L, K.) نَظِيرٌ (tropical:) Looking to, or facing, another person or thing; opposite or corresponding to another person or thing; as also ↓ مُنَاظِرٌ; syn. مُقَابِلٌ. (A.) [Hence, نَظِيرُ السَّمْتِ, and النَّظِيرُ, (tropical:) The nadir; the point opposite to the zenith.] نَظِيرُكَ signifies أَلَّذِى يُنَاظِرُكَ, (M,) or الذى تُنَاظِرُهُ وَيُنَاظِرُكَ, (T,) [which I suppose to mean (tropical:) He who looks towards, or faces, thee; who is opposite, or corresponds, to thee; or he towards whom thou lookest, &c., and who looks towards thee, &c.: though susceptible of other interpretations: see 3.] b2: (tropical:) Like; a like; a similar person or thing: (AO, T, S, M, A, K;) equal; an equal: (Msb:) applied to anything: (TA:) as also ↓ نِظْرٌ; (AO, S, K;) like نَدِيدٌ and نِدٌّ; (AO, S;) and ↓ مُنَاظِرٌ: (K:) fem. نَظِيرَةٌ: (T, M, A:) pl. masc., نُظَرَآءُ: (M, A, Msb, K:) and pl. fem. نَظَائِرُ, (T, A,) applied to words and to all things. (T.) You say, فُلَانٌ نَظِيرُكَ (tropical:) Such a one is thy like. (T.) And هٰذَا نَظِيرٌ لِهٰذَا, (T,) or نَظِيرُ هٰذَا, (Msb,) (tropical:) This is the like of this, (T,) or the equal of this. (Msb.) And عَدَدْتُ إِبِلَ فُلَانٍ نَظَائِرَ (tropical:) I counted, or numbered, the camels of such a one in pairs, or two by two; (As, T, K; *) if by looking at their aggregate, you say, عَدَدْتُهَا جَمَارًا. (As, T.) نَظُورَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ, in two places. b2: See also نَظِيرَةٌ.

نَظِيرَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ, in two places. b2: Also, A scout, or scouts; (T, Sgh, K;) and so ↓ نَظُورَةٌ: (Sgh, K:) pl. of both, نَظَائِرُ. (TA.) b3: Fem. of نَظِيرٌ, q. v. (T, &c.). [And hence,] النَّظَائِرُ [the pl.] The more excellent of men: (K, * TA:) because they resemble one another in dispositions and actions and sayings. (TA.) نَظَّارٌ (tropical:) A horse (A, K) that raises his eye by reason of his sharpness of spirit: (A:) or sharpspirited, and raising his eye. (T, K.) نَظَّارَةٌ A people looking at a thing; (S, K;) as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ. (K.) b2: See also مِنْظَارٌ.

نَاظِرٌ act. part. n. of نَظَرَ; Looking; &c.: pl. نُظَّارٌ. (Msb.) b2: النَّاظِرُ [The pupil, or apple, of the eye, the smallest black of the eye, (S, Msb,) in which is [seen] what is termed إِنْسَانُ العَيْنِ, (S,) [and] with which the man sees; (Msb;) the black spot in the eye; (M, K;) the clear black spot that is in the middle of the [main] black of the eye, with which the looker sees what he sees: or that part of the eye which resembles a mirror, in which, when one faces it, he sees his person: (TA:) or a duct (عِرْق) in the nose, wherein is the water of sight: (M, K:) [app. a loose description of the optic nerve:] or the sight itself: (M, K:) or the eye: (K:) or the eye is called ↓ النَّاظِرَةُ; (S, A; *) the pl. of which is نَوَاظِرُ. (A.) b3: شَدِيدُ النَّاظِرِ, (so in a copy of the M and of the A and in some copies of the K,) or سَدِيدُ النَّاظِرِ, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) A man clear of suspicion, who looks with a full gaze: (M, K:) or clear of that with which he is upbraided. (A.) b4: النَّاظِرَانِ Two veins at the two edges of the nose, commencing from the inner angles of the eyes, towards the face. (Zj, in his Khalk el-Insán.) b5: Also, نَاظِرٌ (assumed tropical:) A guardian; a keeper; a watcher: (S, Msb:) and, as also ↓ نَاظُورٌ, i. q. نَاطُورٌ, (K, TA,) [which last is] a word of the Nabathean dialect. (TA.) b6: [The dim. is نُوَيْظِرٌ.] You say, عُيَيْنَتِى نُوَيْظِرَةٌ إِلَى اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْكُمْ (tropical:) My eye (lit. my little eye) is looking to God for His bounty, then to you for your bounty. (A.) A2: In the Kur, [lxxv. 23,] the words إِلَى رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةٌ have been explained as signifying Waiting for (مُنْتَظِرَةٌ) their Lord: but this is a mistake; for the Arabs do not say نَطَرْتُ إِلَى الشَّىْءِ in the sense of إِنْتَظَرْتُهُ, but they say نَظَرْتُ فُلَانًا in that sense. (T.) نَاظِرَةٌ: see نَاظِرٌ.

A2: See also نَظِرَةٌ.

نَاظُورٌ: see نَاظِرٌ.

نَاظُورَةٌ: see نَظُورٌ.

أَنْظُورُ for أَنْظُرُ: see 1.

مَنْظَرٌ [A place in which a thing is looked at]: a place, or state, in which one likes to be looked at. (T, A, TA.) You say, فُلَانٌ فِى مَنْظَرٍ وَمَسْمَعٍ

وَفِى رِىٍّ ومَشْبَعٍ (tropical:) Such a one is in a state in which he likes to be looked at and listened to [and in a state in which he is satisfied with drink and food]. (T, A, TA.) And لَقَدْ كُنْتَ عَنْ هٰذَا المَقَامِ بِمَنْظَرٍ (tropical:) Thou wast in a state [in] which thou likedst [to be looked at], away from this place of abode. (T, TA.) b2: The aspect, or outward appearance, of a thing; opposite of مَخْبَرٌ: (S, art. خبر:) [when used absolutely, a pleasing, or goodly, aspect; or beauty of aspect; as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ: this is implied by the usage of مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ, q. v., and is well known:] or what one looks at and is pleased by or displeased by; as also ↓ مَنْظَرَةٌ: (M, K:) or the former, a thing that pleases and rejoices the beholder when he looks at it: (T:) and the ↓ latter, the aspect (مَنْظَر) of a man when one looks at it and is pleased by it or displeased by it. (T, TA. *) You say, لَهُ مَنْظَرٌ حَسَنٌ [He has a goodly aspect]. (A.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ حَسَنَةُ المَنْظَرِ, and ↓ المَنْظَرَةِ, [A woman goodly of aspect.] (S.) And مَنْظَرُهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مَخْبَرِهِ [His aspect is better than his internal state]. (S.) And إِنَّهُ لَذُو مَنْظَرٍ بِلَا مَخْبَرٍ, (T,) and بَلَا مَخْبَرَةٍ ↓ ذُو مَنْظَرَةٍ, (A,) [Verily he has a pleasing aspect without a pleasing internal state.]

مَنْظَرَةٌ A high place on which a person is stationed to watch; (S;) a place on the top of a mountain, where a person observes and watches the enemy: (T:) and مَنَاظِرُ [the pl.] eminences; or elevated parts of the earth; or high grounds: (M, K:) because one looks from them. (M.) b2: Its application to A certain separate place of a house, [generally an apartment on the groundfloor overlooking the court, and also a turret, or rather a belvedere, and any building, or apartment, commanding a view,] is vulgar. (TA.) b3: See also نَظَّارَةٌ. b4: And see مَنْظَرٌ, in five places.

مَنْظَرِىٌّ: see what next follows.

مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ مَنْظَرِىٌّ, (M, K,) the latter contr. to analogy, (M,) A man (M,) of goodly aspect. (M, K.) You say, رَجُلٌ مَنْظَرَانِىٌّ مَخْبَرَانِىٌّ [A man of goodly aspect and of pleasing internal, or intrinsic, qualities]; (S, A;) i. e., ذُو مَنْظَرٍ and ذُو مَخْبَرٍ. (TA, art. خبر.) مِنْظَارٌ A mirror (A, K) in which the face is seen. (TA.) b2: Also, A telescope; a thing in which what is distant is seen [as though it were] near: vulgarly, ↓ نَظَّارَةٌ. (TA.) مَنْظُورٌ A man looked at with an evil eye: (A, TA;) affected by what is termed a نَظْرَة; (T, TA;) i. e., a stroke of an [evil] eye; [or of an evil eye cast by a jinnee; or a touch, or slight taint of insanity, from the jinn;] or a swoon. (TA.) b2: A person, (T,) or chief person, (A,) whose bounty is hoped for, (T, A,) and at whom eyes glance. (A.) b3: مَنْظُورَةٌ A woman in whom is a نَظْرَة, meaning, a fault, defect, or imperfection. (K, * TA.) مُنَاظِرٌ: see نَظِيرٌ.

نظف &c.

نكش

1 نَكَشَ البِئْرَ, (S, A,) or الرَّكِيَّةَ, (K,) aor. ـِ (Az, S, ISd, K) and نَكُشَ, (IDrd, K,) inf. n. نَكْشٌ, (A,) He entirely exhausted the water of the well: (Az, S, A:) and (A) he extracted what was in the well, of black fetid mud (حَمْأَة [in some of the copies of the K, خَــبِيْئَة, which is a mistranscription,]) and of clay: (A, K;) as also ↓ إِنْتَكَشَهَا (Sgh, K.) Hence the saying, فَلَانٌ بَحْرٌ لَا يُنْكَشُ (S, K *) (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is] a sea, or great river, which will not be entirely exhausted, nor will diminish. (K.) And عِنْدَهُ شَجَاعَةٌ لَا تُنْكَشُ (S, TA.) (tropical:) He has courage which will not be exhausted: said of 'Alee, by a man of Kureysh. (TA.) b2: And نَكَشَ الشَّىْءَ He consumed the thing; made it come to an end, fail, cease, perish, or come to nought: (A, K:) and the same, (ISd, A,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) or نَكَشَ مِنْهُ, (Lth, K,) he made an end of the thing; or ceased from it, having finished it. (Lth, ISd, A, K; but in [some of] the copies of the K, فَزِعَ is put by mistake for فَرَغَ, in this explanation. TA.) One says, إِنْتَهَوْا إِلَى عُشْبٍ فَنَكَشُوهُ They came at last to herbage, and consumed it. (S, * TA.) And لُمْعَةٌ مَا تُنْكَشُ [A piece of herbage beginning to dry up] that is not extirpated, or cut off entirely with its roots. (K.) b3: نَكْشٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The scrutinizing or investigating, or searching or examining or inquiring into, affairs. (TA.) [You say, app., نَكَشَ عَنِ الأُمُورِ, meaning, He scrutinized, &c., affairs.] b4: And نَكَشَانٌ is like نَكْشٌ [but in what sense is not said]. (TA.) 8 إِنْتَكَشَ see 1, first sentence.

نَكَّاشٌ (assumed tropical:) A man who scrutinizes or investigates, or searches or examines or inquires into, affairs; (TA;) as also ↓ مِنْكَشٌ. (IDrd, K.) مِنْكَشٌ: see نَكَّاشٌ.

مِنْكَاشٌ a dial. form of مِنْقَاشٌ, but of weak authority. (TA.) مَنْكُوشٌ A receptacle of the kind called سَفَط of which the contents have been taken out. (TA.) b2: هُوَ مَنْكُوشٌ مِنَ المَنَاكِيشِ (assumed tropical:) [He is one of those who are empty, or devoid of good]: a phrase denoting vituperation. (TA.)

نفض

1 نَفَضَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He shook (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) a thing, (Mgh, Msb,) or a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, K,) in order that what was upon it, of dust &c., might fall off (S, * A, * Mgh, K, *) or to remove from it dust and the like; (Msb:) he took a thing with his hand, and shook it, or shook it violently, to remove the dust from it: (TA:) and in like manner a tree, in order that what was upon it [of face or of leaves] might fall of; (S, A;) ??

instance,] a tree of the kind called عِضاه, to shake off its leaves. (TA) You say also, نَفَضَ عَنَهُ الغُبَارَ and التُّرَابَ [He shook off from it the dust (A.) And نَفَضَتُ الوَرَقَ مِنْ الشَّجَرَة. inf. n. ??

above, [He shook off the leaves from the tree;] be made the leaves to fall from the tree. (Msb,) And نَفْضٌ also signifies The sprinkling or ??

tering in drops, (syn. رَشٌّ,) water and blood. ??

K, in art. رش,) and tears, (K, ??: &c. ??

bid.) b2: [Hence,] ?? (S, A, K) (tropical:) The fever made him to shiver, or tremble (As, TA b3: And نَفَضَتِ المَرْأَةُ, (K,) or نَفضَتٌ كَرشَهَا (??) or نَفَضَتْ وَلَدَهَا مِنْ بَطْنها, (A,) The woman have many children; was prolific (S, K. TA) and نَفَضَت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camels brought forth, (S, L, K,) all of them: (L;) and ↓ انعضت signifies the same. (IDrd, S, K.) And ??

بَيْضَها (tropical:) [The ?? la?? hen eggs. or all ??

A. TA.) b4: Hence also,] فَامَ يَنَفُضُ الكرَى, He arose, shaking off drowsiness]. (A. TA.) and نَفَضَ الأَسْفَامَ عَنْهُ وَاسْتَصَحّ; [He shook off water-dust from him, and ?? ?? from his ??

i. e. his health became in a ?? state (A. TA.) And نَفَضَ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (TA, K,) (tropical:) He recovered, or became free, from his ?? (A, K, * TA.) b5: And ?? ??

shored him what was in my heart (?? R ??

TA, in art. شكو and شكى b6: And ?? (tropical:) He cleared the road of robbers, and ?? of travellers: (tropical:) he guarded the road ?A. TA [The latter signification is shown by an explanation or the act. part. n.] It is said in the trad. of Aboo-Bekr and the cave [in which Mohammad was hiding himself], أَنَا أَنَفُضُ مَا حَوْلَكَ ??

guard what is around thee, and go round ??

to try if I can see a pursuer. (TA.) You say also, نَفَضَ المَكَان, (S, K,) aor. as above, (TA.) inf. n. نَفَضٌ (S, TA.) and ↓ ??, and ↓ تنفّضهُ; (S, K;) (tropical:) He looked trying to see all that was in the place: (S;) or he looked at all that was in the place so as to know it. (K) and hence نَفَضَ signifies (tropical:) He searched to the at most. (L.) And إِذَا تَكَلَّمُت نَهَارًا فَانْفُضْ وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمْتَ لَيْلًا فَاخْفِضْ (S, K, * TA) (tropical:) When thou speakest by day, look aside, or about, to try if thou see any one whom thou dislikest; (S, K, TA;) and when thou speakest by night, lower thy voice. (TA.) and القَوْمَ ↓ استنفض (tropical:) He looked at the people, or company of men, endeavouring to obtain a clear knowledge of them; or considered, or examined, them repeatedly, in order to know them. (TA.) The saying of El-'Ojeyr Es-Saloolee, القَوْمَ طَرْفُهُ ↓ إِلَى مَلِكٍ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [To a king whose eye] looks at the people, or company of men, and knows who among them has the right on his side: or looks to see in whom among them is mental perception, sagacity, intelligence, forecast, or skill in affairs, and which of them is of the contrary description: (TA:) [or] طَرْفُهُ القَوْمَ ↓ فُلَانٌ يَسْتَنْفِضُ means (tropical:) [The eye of] such a one makes the people, or company of men, to tremble, by reason of his awfulness. (A, TA.) b7: You also say, الإِبِلُ تَنْفُضُ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) The camels traverse the land. (IAar.) b8: And نَفَضَ القُرْآنَ, (IAar,) or السُّوَرَ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (IAar,) (tropical:) He read, or recited, (IAar, K,) the Kur-án, (IAar,) or the chapters thereof. (K.) b9: And نَفَضْنَا حَلَائِبَنَا, inf. n. نَفْضٌ; and ↓ اِسْتَنْفَضْنَاهَا; (tropical:) We milked our milch beasts to the uttermost, not leaving any milk in their udders: (TA:) and الفَصِيلُ مَا فِى الضَّرْعِ ↓ انتفض (tropical:) the young camel sucked out all that was in the udder. (A, TA.) A2: [It is also used intransitively in the following exs., as well as in some instances given above. Thus نَفَضَ الشَّجَرُ app. signifies The trees shook off, or dropped, their leaves or fruit. (See an ex. voce عَتِيقٌ, last sentence but one.) b2: And hence] one says, نَفَضَ مَا فِى الجُلَّةِ [app. meaning What was in the palm-leaf basket became exhausted; like نَفِدَ; or it may be syn. with انتفض]; (A, K;) or جَمِيعُ مَا فِيهَا [all that was in it; which shows that ما in the former instance is virtually in the nom. case]. (TA.) See also 4, in two places. b3: And نَفَضَ الصِّبْغُ, (ISh, Mgh, K,) inf. n. نَفْضٌ, (ISh, TA,) or نُفُوضٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The dye (ISh, K, TA,) of a red or yellow garment, or piece of cloth, (ISh, TA,) lost somewhat of its colour. (ISh, K, TA.) And hence, (Mgh,) نَفَضَ الثَّوْبُ, (A, Mgh,) aor. ـُ (A,) inf. n. نُفُوضٌ, (A, Mgh,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, lost its dye: (A:) or lost somewhat of its colour, of redness, or yellowness: (Mgh:) or the colour of its dye faded away so that there remained nothing but the trace. (TA.) نَفْضٌ, accord. to the lawyers, signifies (assumed tropical:) The being scattered, strewn, strewed, or dispersed: and accord. to [the Hanafee Imám] Mohammad, the non-transition of the trace of the dye to another thing: or its exhaling a sweet odour. (Mgh [but it seems that the particle لا, which I have rendered “ non,” is inserted by mistake in my copy of the Mgh.]) b4: نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ, (K,) or نَفَضَ الزَّرْعُ سَبَلًا, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The seed-produce put forth the last of its ears. (K, TA.) And نَفَضَ الكَرْمُ (assumed tropical:) The grape-vine opened its bunches, or racemes. (K.) [See also 8.]2 نفّض, (S, TA,) inf. n. تَنْفِيضٌ, (TA,) He shook a garment, or piece of cloth, and a tree, much, or vehemently, in order that what was upon it might fall off. (S, TA. *) b2: Said of a horse, i. q. رَفَّضَ, q. v. (TA in art. رفض.) 4 أَنْفَضَتِ الجُلَّةُ i. q. مَا فِى الجُلَّةِ ↓ نَفَضَ, (A, K,) or جَمِيعُ مَا فِيهَا: (TA:) see 1. b2: انفضوا originally signifies They shook their provision-bags, in order that the dust or the like might fall from them. (A.) And hence, (A,) (tropical:) Their travellingprovisions became consumed, (S, M, A, K, TA,) and their wheat, or food; (M, TA;) like أَرْمَلُوا; (S, M, K, * TA;) as though they shook their provision-bags in order that the dust or the like might fall from them, because of their being empty; (TA;) as also ↓ نَفَضُوا: (K:) or انفضوا, (K,) or, as IDrd says, انفضوا زَادَهُمْ, making the verb trans., (TA,) They consumed their travellingprovisions. (IDrd, K.) And (tropical:) Their camels, or the like, (أَمْوَالُهُمْ,) died, or perished. (S, K.) إِنْفَاضٌ [the inf. n.] also signifies (assumed tropical:) The suffering hunger, or famine: and want. (TA.) b3: انفضت الإِبِلُ: see نفضت.5 تنفّض المَكَانَ: see 1.8 انتفض It (a thing, Mgh, Msb, or a garment, or piece of cloth, S, A, K, and a tree, S, A) shook, or became shaken, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that what was upon it, of dust &c., fell off, (Mgh,) or so that the dust and the like became removed from it. (Msb.) Hence the saying in a trad., يَنْتَفِضُ بِهِ الصِّرَاطُ, i. e. [The bridge extending over hell will shake with him so that he will fall from it: or] will shake him, or shake him violently, or [app. a mistake for and] make him to fall. (Mgh.) b2: (tropical:) He trembled, quaked, or shivered: said of a man, and of a horse. (A, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) It (a grapevine) became beautiful and bright in its leaves: (K:) [as though its dust became shaken off.]

A2: It is also used transitively: see 1, latter half: and see 10, in three places.10 استنفض القَوْمُ (tropical:) The people, or company of men, sent forth a نَفِيضَة, (S, K, * TA,) or party of scouts: (TA:) or sent forth نَفَضَة, or persons to clear the roads of robbers and of intercepters of travellers, or to guard the roads. (A, L, TA.) b2: استنفض المَكَانَ: and القَوْمَ: see 1, in four places. b3: استنفضهُ also signifies (tropical:) He extracted, educed, or elicited, it. (A, Mgh, * K.) You say, اِسْتَنْفَضْتُ مَا عِنْدَهُ (tropical:) I extracted, educed, or elicited, what he had. (A, TA. *) b4: And hence, (Mgh,) استنفض (tropical:) He performed the act of cleansing termed اِسْتِنْجَآء, (Mgh, K,) with three stones, (Mgh,) or with the stone: (K:) or this is from نَفَضَ الثَّوْبَ; because the person who performs this act shakes off from himself what is annoying, with the stone; i. e., removes it. (TA.) Yousay also, استنفض الذَّكَرَ (tropical:) He took extraordinary pains in cleansing, or he cleansed entirely, (إِسْتَبْرَأَ,) the penis from the remains of the urine; as also ↓ انتفضهُ; (K;) and ↓ انتفض [alone]: (TA:) and ↓ this last, he sprinkled some water upon his pudendum after the ablution termed وُضُوْء. (TA in art. نصح.) b5: [Hence also,] استفضنا حَلَائِبَنَا: see 1.

نَفَضٌ What has fallen, of the produce of a tree; (TA;) what has fallen, of leaves, and of fruit: (S, Msb, K:) or a thing that one shakes [or has shaken] off: (T in art. ذرى:) of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) like قَبَضٌ in the sense of مَقْبُوضٌ, (S, TA,) and هَدَمٌ in the sense of مَهْدُومٌ: (TA:) and (K, TA) what has fallen, (TA,) of grapes, [in the CK we find حَبُّ العِنَبِ for حَبِّ العِنَبِ, the reading in other copies of the K,] when they are found (يُوجَدُ [in the CK يُؤْخَدُ, thus, with خ, and with the unpointed د,]) one with another, (K. TA,) or cleaving one to another: (L, TA:) or what has fallen, of dates, at the feet of the palm-trees: (M, TA:) or what has fallen, of fruit, at the feet of trees; as also ↓ أَنَافِيضُ: (A:) or ↓ this last signifies leaves that are shaken off upon the نِفَاض, q. v.; as also ↓ نِفَاضٌ [which is app. pl. of نَفَضٌ, like as جِبَالٌ is pl. of جَبَلٌ]: (Sgh, K:) the sing. of انافيض is ↓ أُنْفُوضَةٌ. (TA.) [See also نُفَاضَةٌ.]

A2: قوْمٌ نَفَضٌ [app. quasi-pl. of ↓ نَافِضٌ, like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ,] (tropical:) A people, or company of men, whose travelling-provisions have become consumed. (ISh.) نُفْضَةٌ (tropical:) The shivering, or trembling, attending a fever termed النَّافِض; (S, K;) as also ↓ نُفَضَهٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ نُفَضَآءُ. (S, K.) [See also نِفِّضَى.] The subst. [from these words, which seems to indicate that they are inf. ns. or from نَفَضَتْهُ الحُمَّى, which precedes them in the K,] is ↓ نَفَاضٌ [app. signifying (tropical:) A shivering, or tremour, attending that fever]. (K.) A2: (assumed tropical:) A rain which falls upon a piece of land and misses another piece. (S.) [In the O and K in art. عهد, written نَفْضَة.]

نَفَضَةٌ: see نَفِيضَةٌ, in two places.

نُفَضَةٌ: see نُفْضَةٌ.

نَفَضَى: see نِفِّيضَى.

نُفَضَآءُ: see نُفْضَةٌ.

نَفَاضٌ: see نُفْضَةٌ: A2: and see نُفَاضٌ.

نُفَاضٌ: see نُفَاضَةٌ.

A2: Also, and ↓ نَفَاضٌ, (tropical:) The failure of travelling-provisions; i. e. their being consumed: or dearth, or drought: (S, K:) the latter of the words, and of the explanations, on the authority of Th. (S.) Hence, النفاضُ يُقَطِّرُ الجَلَبَ, (S, K,) a proverb, meaning, (tropical:) The failure of provisions, (TA,) or dearth, or drought, (S, K, TA,) causes the camels, driven or brought from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale, (S, K, TA,) in order that their owners may buy provisions with their price. (TA.) نِفَاضٌ: see نُفَاضَةٌ: and نَفَضٌ.

A2: A piece of cloth upon which the leaves of the سَمُرُ and the like fall, it being spread, (K, TA.) and the tree being beaten with a staff, or stick: (TA:) pl. نُفُضٌ: (K:) and [in like manner] ↓ مِنْفَضٌ and ↓ مِنْفَاضٌ signify a garment of the kind called كِسَآء, upon which the نَفَض [or leaves or fruit of a tree] fall: (A, TA:) or ↓ مِنْفَضٌ signifies i. q. مِنْسَفٌ, (S, K,) i. e. a vessel (وِعَآء) in which dates [and grain] are shaken to remove the dust &c. (TA.) b2: A garment of the kind called إِزَار worn by boys: (S, K:) pl. as above. (TA.) Yousay also, مَا عَلَيْهِ نِفَاضٌ, (S, K,) meaning He has not upon him any clothing. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) نَفُوضٌ (tropical:) A woman having many children: prolific. (S, A, K.) A2: رَجُلٌ نَفُوضٌ لِلْكَلَامِ (tropical:) A man who considers, examines, or studies, speech, or language, or does so repeatedly, in order to obtain a clear knowledge of it. (TA.) نُفَاضَةٌ What has fallen in consequence of shaking to cause something upon it to fall; (S;) what has fallen from a thing so shaken; (IDrd, K;) whatever it be; as, for instance, of leaves; and mostly, of leaves of the سَمُر in particular, when collected and beaten off [or rather beaten off and collected] in a garment, or piece of cloth; (IDrd, L, TA;) [like نَفَضٌ, q. v.;] and ↓ نُفَاضٌ signifies the same; (S, K;) and ↓ نِفَاضٌ also. (K.) And What remains in one's mouth, of a سِوَاك [or tooth-stick], and is spit out; or a particle broken off therefrom, remaining in the mouth, and spit out; i. q. نُفَاثَةُ سِوَاكٍ, (IAar, K,) and ضُوَازَتُهُ. (IAar.) نَفِيضَةٌ (tropical:) A company sent forth into the land to see whether there be in it an enemy, (S, K,) or not, (K,) or any [cause of] fear; (S;) like طَلِيعَةٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ نَفَضَةٌ; [pl. of ↓ نَافِضٌ, like as طَلَبَةٌ is of طَالِبٌ:] (S, K:) or the former signifies men going before an army as scouts, or explorers: (As, in TA, voce حَضِيرَةٌ:) or men who explore a place thoroughly: and also, a single person: (A 'Obeyd, in TA, ibid.:) or a scout, or scouts, stationed on a mountain or other elevated place: (TA:) or one who guards the road: (A, TA:) or a company [of men]: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, persons who clear the roads of robbers and of intercepters of travellers; or who guard the roads; (A, TA:) the pl. of the former is نَفَائِضُ; (S;) which also signifies persons who throw pebbles in order to know if there be behind them anything that they dislike, or an enemy. (K.) b2: Also, the pl., (assumed tropical:) Lean, or emaciated, camels; (S, K:) accord to AA, as occurring in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, in which he says, تُلْقِى النَّفَائِضُ فِيهِ السَّرِيحَا (S, TA,) In which the lean, or emaciated, camels cast the shoes; meaning that these have become dissundered; or, as Akh says, the thongs so called [by which their shoes are fastened], these being dissundered; فيه referring to the road; but some read, فِيهَا, referring to the roads, mentioned before: (TA:) As reads نفائض, as well as AA: (S, TA:) but others read the word with ق, as pl. of نِقْضٌ, and signifying “ jaded ” camels: (so in a copy of the S:) or نفائض signifies camels which traverse the land. (IAar, K.) b3: The sing. is also said to signify Waters where there is not any one. (IAar, Sh; both in the TA. voce حَضِيرَةٌ, q. v., and the former also in this art.) نِفِّضَى Motion: and tremour; or shivering; as also ↓ نِفِضَّى and ↓ نَفَضَى. (O, K.) [See also نُفْضَةٌ.]

نَافِضٌ (assumed tropical:) A fever attended with shivering, or trembling: (S, A. * K:) of the masc. gender: (ISd, K:) but applied as an epithet to حُمَّى

[which is fem.] (TA.) Contr. of صَالِبٌ. (S, in art. صلب.) You say, أَخَذَتْهُ حُمَّى نَافِضٍ, (S, K,) and حُمَّى بِنَافِضٍ, (K,) which is the more approved form, (TA,) and حُمَّى نَافِضٌ, (K,) the latter word being sometimes thus used as an epithet; the second meaning (tropical:) Fever took him, or affected him, with [a shivering, or trembling, or] violent shivering or trembling; (TA;) [and the first and third, fever attended with shivering, or trembling, took him, or affected him.]

A2: See also نَفِيضَةٌ

A3: and نَفَضٌ

A4: ثَوْبٌ نَافِضٌ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, which has lost its dye: (A:) or which has lost somewhat of its colour, of redness, or yellowness. (Mgh.) أُنْفُوضَةٌ: pl. أَنَافِيضُ: see نَفَضٌ, in three places.

دَجَاجَةٌ مُنْفِضٌ, (A,) or منفضة [i. e. مُنْفِضَةٌ], (TA,) (tropical:) A hen that has laid her eggs, or all her eggs, (نَفَضَتْ بَيْضَهَا, A, TA,) and desisted, (A,) or become weary. (TA.) مِنْفَضٌ: see نِفَاضٌ; for the former, in two places.

مِنْفَاضٌ: see نِفَاضٌ; for the former, in two places.

مَنْفُوضٌ (tropical:) Made to shiver, or tremble, by fever (S, K.)

نعم

1 نَعِمَ عَيْشُهُ His life was, or became, plentiful and easy: (Msb:) was, or became, good, or pleasant. (Mgh.) See عَوْفٌ. b2: نَعِمَ, aor. نَعُمَ

, is like فَضِلَ, aor. نَعُمَ

, and حَضِرَ, aor نَعُمَ

. See the latter. b3: اِنْعِمْ ضَبَاحًا, and عِمْ صَباحًا: see تَرِبَ and صَبَاحٌ. b4: نَعُمَ, inf. n. نُعُومَةٌ; (S, Msb;) and نَعِمَ; (S;) It was, or became, soft, or tender, (S, Msb,) to the feet. (Msb.) 2 نَعَّمَهُ , (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ نَاعَمَهُ, (S, K,) He (God, S, Msb,) made him to enjoy, or lead, a plentiful, and a pleasant or an easy, and a soft, or delicate, state, or life; a state, or life, of ease and plenty. (S, Msb, K.) b2: نَعَّمَهُ He nourished well him, or it; pampered him.3 نَاْعَمَ see 2.4 أَنْعَمَ عَلَيْهِ بِشَىْءِ He conferred, or bestowed, upon him a thing as a favour. See أَحْسَنَ. b2: أَنْعَمَ عَجْنَهُ He kneaded it well, thoroughly, or soundly. (TA, voce رَيْعٌ.) b3: أَنْعَمَ الدَّقَّ He bruised or powdered finely: see دَقَّقَ. b4: أَنْعَمَ طَبْخَهُ He cooked it well; syn. أَجَادَ طَبْخَهُ. (IbrD.) The verb is often used in this sense. b5: أَنْعَمَ اللّٰهُ بِكَ عَيْنًا: see أَبْغَضَ.5 تَنَعَّمَ he enjoyed, or led, an easy, a pleasant, a soft, or a delicate, life, with ampleness of the means of subsistence; a life of ease and plenty. (K.) b2: تَنَعَّمَ It (a tree) became flourishing and fresh, (TK, art. روى, &c.,) luxuriant, succulent, sappy, soft, tender, and supple. See رَوِىَ. b3: تَنَعَّمَ i. q. تَمَتَّعَ. (Msb. *) نُعْمٌ contr. of بُؤْسٌ, (S,) [like ↓ نَعْمَآءُ and ↓ نُعْمَى and ↓ نَعْمَةٌ and ↓ نَعِيمٌ:] pl. أَنْعُمٌ. (S.) See نِعْمَةٌ.

نَعَمْ Even so; yes; yea. (Msb, &c.) See أَجَلْ and بَجَلْ.

نَعَمٌ Pasturing مَال [or cattle]; mostly applied to camels, and neat, and sheep and goats: or applied to all these, and to camels when alone, but neat and sheep or goats when alone are not thus termed; (Msb;) therefore, cattle, consisting of camels or neat or sheep or goats, or all these, or camels alone.

نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ زَيْدٌ Excellent, or most excellent, or excellent above all, is the man, Zeyd; or [very or] superlatively good, &c. (Msb.) b2: See بئْسَ.

نَعْمَةٌ subst. of تَنَعُّمٌ (Msb, K) in the sense of تَرَفُّةٌ subst. of تَمَتُّعْ (Msb:) or i. q. b2: تَنَعُّمٌ: (S: in F's smaller copy, تَنَعِيمٌ, an evident mistake:) i. e. plentifulness, and pleasantness or easiness, and softness or delicacy, of life: ease and plenty. b3: نَعْمَةٌ A living in [or rather enjoyment of a life of] softness, daintiness, or delicacy, and ease, comfort, or affluence: (KL:) i. q. ↓ نَعِيمٌ; (Msb;) and مُتْعَةٌ: (Jel in xliv. 26:) it is from التَّنَعُّمُ; and ↓ نِعْمَةٌ is from الإِنْعَامُ. (Ksh, cited in Kull, p. 364.) See نِعْمَةٌ: and see تُرْفَةٌ. b4: نَعْمَةُ الشَّباَبِ [The flourishing freshness, softness, tenderness, or blooming loveliness or graces, of youth. See عَبْعَبٌ.] b5: نَعْمَةٌ Softness; tenderness; bloom; or flourishing freshness (IbrD;) of a branch; and of youth, or youthfulness. (M, art. ملد; &c.) نِعْمَةٌ and ↓ نُعْمَى and ↓ نَعْمَآءُ A benefit; benefaction; favour; boon; or good: (S, Msb:) a blessing; [bounty; gratuity;] or what God bestows upon one: and so ↓ نَعِيمٌ: (S:) [grace of God:] and ↓ نَعِيمٌ and ↓ نَعْمَةٌ, with fet-h, [and ↓ نُعْمَى and ↓ نَعْمَآءُ and ↓ نُعْمٌ, ease and plenty,] enjoyment; (Msb;) [welfare; well being; weal:] ↓ نُعْمَى and ↓ نَعْمَآءُ are the contr. of بُؤْسَى and بَأْسَآءُ: (TA, art. بأس:) بَعْدَ ضَرَّآءَ ↓ نَعْمَآءُ, in the Kur [xi. 13,] is like health after sickness; and richness, or competence, after want. (Bd.) b2: نِعْمَةٌ A blessing; (S;) a cause of happiness. (K.) A favour: a benefit; and the like. (S.) b3: نِعْمَةٌ Wealth, or property. (K.) The first explanations given to it above are assigned in the K, not to this word, but to ↓ نَعِيمٌ and ↓ نُعْمَى. b4: نِعْمَةٌ with the article seems generally to signify Wealth: and without the article, A benefit, benefaction, favour, boon, or blessing.

نُعْمَةٌ The act of rejoicing by a thing: and the state of rejoicing in a thing. (KL.) نُعْمَى contr. of بُؤْسَى; (S, TA in art. بأس;) and نَعْمَآءُ contr. of بَأَسَآءُ. (TA in that art.) b2: See نِعْمَةٌ.

نَعْمَآءُ : see نِعْمَةٌ.

نَعِيمٌ Enjoyment; [delight; pleasure;] as also ↓ نَعْمَةٌ, q. v.: (Msb:) plenty and ease. (K.) See نِعْمَةٌ.

نَعَامَةٌ The blackness of night. (S in art. سقط.) see an ex. voce سقْطٌ. b2: نَعَامَةٌ The ostrich: it sometimes denotes the female. See مَخْزُومٌ and جَراَدٌ. b3: شاَلَتْ نَعَامَتُهُمْ: see طَائِرٌ, زَأْلٌ, شَالَ, and a verse voce إِمَّا. b4: اِبْنُ النَّعَامَةِ The shank-bone: and a certain vein in the leg: and the middle, or beaten track, of the road: and the brisk, lively, or sprightly, horse: and the drawer of water (السَّانِى) who is at the head of the well. (T in art. بنى.) b5: نَعَامَةٌ and نَعَامَتَانِ of a well see زُرْنُوقٌ. b6: النَّعَائِمُ Nine stars [of Sagittarius], behind الشَّوْلَةُ, four in the Milky Way, [b, g, d, and ε,] called النعائمُ الوَارِدَةُ, as though drinking; and four without the Milky Way β, γ, δ, ε,, [c, s, t, and f,] called النعائمُ الصَّادِرَةُ, as though returning from drinking; and the ninth, λ,] [not mentioned by some,] high between them: each of the two fours forming the corners of a quadrilateral figure. The twentieth Mansion of the Moon. (El-Kazweenee.) عَيْشٌ نَاعِمٌ [A plentiful and easy life. See نَعِمَ عَيْشُهُ.] A pleasant life. (Mgh.) [A soft, or delicate, life.] b2: نَاعِمٌ Soft, or tender: applied to a plant or tree: (Mgh:) [smooth; sleek. And i. q. مُتَنِّعَمٌ.]

مُنَعَّلٌ , applied to a horse, white on the forelegs: see أَقْفَزُ.

أَنَاعِيمُ , pl. pl. of نَعَمٌ: see a verse cited voce دَانَى.

سرب

1 سَرَبَ aor. ـُ inf. n. سُرُوبٌ, He went forth: and he went away. (M.) You say, سَرَبَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (M, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (M, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (M, A, Msb,) He went away [into the country, or in the land]. (M, A, Mgh, Msb.) And سَرَبَ فِى حَاجَتِهِ He went, or went away, (A'Obeyd, M,) or, as some say, during the day, (M,) for the accomplishment of his want. (A'Obeyd, M.) And هُوَ يَسْرُبُ النَّهَارَ كُلَّهُ فِى

حَوَائِجِهِ [He goes, or goes away, all the day, accomplishing his wants]. (A.) b2: سَرَبَ [or rather سَرَبَ فِى الأَرْضِ] also signifies He (a man) went away at random into the country, or in the land. (Har pp. 448 and 511.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Keys Ibn-El-Khateem, (TA,) ↓ أَنَّى سَرَبْتِ وَكُنْتِ غَيْرَ سَرُوبِ [i. e. Whence hast thou gone away at random? for thou wast not one wont to go away at random:] (S, TA:) thus, سربت, as related by IDrd: accord. to others, [سَرَيْتِ,] with ى. (TA.) b3: سَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The camels went away into the country, or in the land, going forth whithersoever they would: and in like manner سَرَبَ is said of a stallion [camel]': (Az, TA:) or سَرَبَ, (S, K,) said of a stallion [camel], aor. as above, (S,) and so the inf. n., signifies he repaired, or betook himself, to the place of pasture: (S, A, K:) and سَرَبَ المَالُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سَرْبٌ, the camels, or cattle, pastured during the day without a pastor. (Msb.) b4: سَرَبَ المَآءُ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) inf. n. سُرُوبٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) or سَرِبَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَرَبٌ; (M;) The water ran (A, Mgh) upon the surface of the ground: (A:) or flowed; as also ↓ انسرب: (M:) [or the latter signifies it ran swiftly: (see Har p. 586:)] and in like manner one says of the سَرَاب [or mirage], يَسْرَبُ, inf. n. سَرَبٌ, it runs. (AHeyth, TA.) and سَرِبَتِ العَيْنُ, inf. n. سَرَبٌ; and سَرَبَتْ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سُرُوبٌ; The عين [or source, or perhaps (assumed tropical:) eye, (see مَسْرَبٌ,)] flowed; as also ↓ تسرّبت: so says Lh. (M.) And سَرِبَتِ المَزَادَةُ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. سَرَبٌ, (S,) The مزادة [or leathern water-bag] flowed. (S, K.) And خَرَجَ المَآءُ سَرَبًا The water came forth from the punctures made in sewing the skin. (TA.) [Or] سَرِبَتْ said of a new [water-skin such as is termed] قِرْبَة, or of a مَزَادَة, signifies It had water poured into it in order that the thong [with which it was sewed] might become moistened, so as to swell, and fill up the holes made in the sewing. (M.) b5: See also سَرَبٌ, below. b6: [Golius explains سَرَبَ, inf. n. سَرَبَانٌ, as on the authority of the KL, as signifying “ Ingressus fuit in rem, totum subivit implevitve locum: ” but this is a mistake, evidently occasioned by his finding سَرَبَانٌ, explained in this sense, instead of سَرَيَان, the reading in my copy of the KL.]

A2: سَرْبٌ [as an inf. n.] is [also] syn. with خَرْزٌ [signifying The sewing of a skin or the like]. (Kr, K, TA. [In a copy of the M, I find السَّرَبُ الخَرَزُ erroneously written for السَّرْبُ الخَرْزُ.]) You say, سَرَبْتُ القِرْبَةَ, inf. n. سَرْبٌ, I sewed the قربة [i. e. water-skin, or milk-skin]. (TK.) A3: سُرِبَ, (M, K,) like عُنِىَ, [i. e. pass. in form but neuter in signification,] (K,) said of a man, (TA,) He became affected with suppression of the feces, or constipation of the bowels, (أَخَذَهُ حُصْرٌ or حَصَرٌ accord. to different copies of the K,) by the entrance of the fume of [molten] silver [see أُسْرُبٌّ] into the innermost parts of his nose, and other passages, (K,) or into his mouth, and the innermost parts of his nose, and his anus, (M, * TA,) and other passages: (TA:) the epithet applied to a man thus affected is ↓ مَسْرُوبٌ: (K:) sometimes he recovers, and sometimes he dies. (TA.) 2 سَرَّبَ [سرّب app. signifies, primarily, He sent camels in a herd or drove, together, to pasture. And hence, b2: ] سرّب عَلَىَّ الإِبِلَ (tropical:) He sent [against me] the camels [app. with armed riders], one detached number after another: (As, S, A, K, TA:) and in like manner, الخَيْلَ (tropical:) [the horsemen]. (S, A, Mgh, TA.) It is said in a trad. of ' Áïsheh, [referring to girls who were her playmates,] كَانَ يُسَرِّبُهُنَّ إِلَىَّ فَيَلْعَبْنَ مَعِى (assumed tropical:) He used to send them to me [app. party after party, and they would play with me]. (TA.) And one says, سَرَّبْتُ إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) I sent to him the thing, one by one; or rather, portion by portion. (L, TA.) And سَرَّبْتُ إِلَيْهِ الأَشْيَآءَ (tropical:) I gave him the things, one after another. (A, TA.) And سَرَّبَهُ He sent him back in his سرب [i. e. سَرْب], meaning way [by which he had come]. (Har p. 20.) b3: See also 4.

A2: سرّب سَرَبًا He made a subterranean excavation. (M, A.) b2: سرّب الحَافِرُ, (As, TA,) inf. n. تَسْرِيبٌ, (S, K,) The digger [of a well], in digging, took [i. e. dug] towards the right and left: (As, S, * K, * TA:) in some copies of the K, [and in the S,] right or left: but the former is the correct explanation. (TA.) A3: سرّب القِرْبَةَ, (S, M, A,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He poured water into the قربة [i. e. water-skin, or milk-skin], in order that the holes made in the sewing might become filled up (S, M, A, K) by their being moistened, (S, K,) or by the moistening, and consequent swelling, of the thong [with which it was sewed]; the قربة being new. (M.) 4 اسرب He made water to flow; as also ↓ سرّب. (M.) 5 تَسَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence, app.,] تسرّبوا فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) They followed one another continuously in it; namely, a road. (M.) b3: See also 7.

A2: تسرّب مِنَ المَآءِ He became full of water. (TA.) 7 إِنْسَرَبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: انسرب فِيهِ He entered into it; (S, M, K;) i. e., a wild animal, into his سَرَب, (S, M, Msb,) meaning his subterranean habitation, (S, Msb,) or his place of abode; (M;) and a fox, (S,) into his burrow; as also ↓ تسرّب. (S, K.) سَرْبٌ Pasturing مَال, (M, A, TA,) i. e. camels: (M, TA:) or camels, and مَال [here meaning cattle in general], that pasture: (S:) or مَال [i. e. camels or cattle] pasturing during the day without a pastor; an inf. n. used as a subst. in this sense; and ↓ سَارِبٌ [meaning مَالٌ سَارِبٌ] signifies the same: (Msb:) or, accord. to IAar, (M,) any مَاشِيَة [i. e. camels and other cattle]; (M, K;) thus say IJ and Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee: and accord. to Kz, ↓ سِرْبٌ also, [q. v.,] with kesr, signifies مَالٌ [syn. with مَاشِيَةٌ]; and IO says the like: (TA:) pl. of the former سُرُوبٌ, (M, TA,) and some say أَسْرَابٌ [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (TA.) Hence the saying, اِذْهَبْ فَلَا أَنْدَهُ سَرْبَكَ, i. e. Go thou away, for I will not drive back thy [pasturing] camels; (S, Msb; *) they shall go, (S,) or I will leave them to pasture, (Msb,) where they will; (S, Msb;) meaning, I have no need of thee: (S:) in the Time of Ignorance, they used to divorce by saying thus, (S, M, Msb,) اِذْهَبِى فَلَا أَنْدَهُ سَرْبَكِ. (S, M, A.) b2: [Freytag also explains it, from the Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen, as meaning A sheep-fold.]

A2: Also A way, or road; (Az, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and so ↓ سِرْبٌ with kesr; (M, K;) the latter accord. to Aboo-' Omar and Th, but' disallowed by Mbr, who knew only the former in this sense; said by Ibn-Es-Seed to have been pronounced by Az with fet-h, and by Aboo-' Omar with kesr: (TA:) and one's way, or course; (M, K, * TA;) the way by which one goes. (T, TA. [See also سُرْبَةٌ, and مَسْرَبٌ.]) One says, خَلِّ سَرْبَهُ Leave thou free, or unobstructed, his way (T, M, Mgh, Msb, TA) by which he goes, (T, TA,) and his course; (M, TA;) and so ↓ سِرْبَهُ, with kesr; (M, TA;) accord. to Aboo-' Omar: (TA:) or خَلِّ لَهُ سَرْبَهُ leave thou free, or unobstructed, to him his way. (S, A.) And أَطْلَقَ الأَسِيرَ وَخَلَّى سَرْبَهُ [He loosed the captive and left free to him his way]. (A.) Hence, in a trad., مَنْ أَصْبَحَ آمِنًا فِى سَرْبِهِ, meaning فِى مُتَقَلَّبِهِ and مُتَصَرَّفِهِ [i. e. He who has become secure in his scope, or room, for free action]: or, accord. to one reading, the last words are فِى

↓ سِرْبِهِ, meaning, (tropical:) in respect of his wives, or women under covert, and his household, or family; a metaphorical sense, from the سِرْب of gazelles &c. (A, and so in the Fáïk. [See also سِرْبٌ.]) Hence also the saying, إِذَا كَان مُخَلَّى

السَّرْبِ, meaning When he is made to be in ample circumstances; not straitened. (Mgh.) And you say وَاسِعُ السَّرْبِ, instead of السِّرْبِ; meaning Whose way that he pursues is ample. (TA. [But see what follows.]) A3: Also The bosom, or breast; or the mind; syn. صَدْرٌ. (Mbr, M, K.) إِنَّهُ لَوَاسِعُ السَّرْبِ means Verily he is of ample bosom, or mind; and judgment; and love: (M, TA:) or, as some say, ample of bosom, or mind; slow of anger. (M. [The latter meaning is assigned in the Msb and TA to وَاسِعُ السِرْبِ: see the next paragraph.]) سِرْبٌ: see سَارِبٌ. b2: [Hence, app.,] A قَطِيع, (S, M, K,) or جَمَاعَة, (Mgh, Msb,) [i. e. herd,] of gazelles, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and of oxen, (M, Mgh, Msb,) [app. meaning wild oxen,] and of [wild] asses, (M,) and of wild animals [in general], (S, Msb,) and [a flock or herd] of sheep or goats, (M,) and [a flock] of the birds called قَطًا, (S, Msb,) and of birds [in general], (M,) and [a party, or bevy,] of women, (S, M, Msb, K,) &c.; (K;) and, as used by El-' Ajjáj, it is of men also: (Sh, TA:) and a poet of the Jinn, as they assert, used it metaphorically in speaking of a سِرْب of the [lizards called] عَظَآء: (M:) it signifies also (assumed tropical:) a collection of palm-trees; (M, K; in some copies of the latter of which النَّحْل is erroneously put for النَّخْل; TA;) so says AHn; and Abu-l-Hasan thinks it to be by way of comparison: and ↓ سُرْبَةٌ is like it [in its meanings]: (M: [particularly mentioned in the K as used in the last of the senses above mentioned:]) each of these words is said to be applied to a قطيع of the birds called قَطًا, and of gazelles, and of sheep or goats, on the authority of As; and the latter [or each] of them is applied to a قطيع of women as being likened to gazelles: (TA:) the pl. of the former is أَسْرَابٌ; (Sh, M, Msb, TA;) and of ↓ the latter, سُرُبٌ, (K, accord. to the TA,) with two dammehs, (TA,) [in the CK سُرُوبٌ,] or سُرْبٌ, (so in my MS. copy of the K, [either a contraction of the former pl. or a coll. gen. n. of which سُرْبَةٌ is the n. un.,]) or both. (TA. [See also سُرْبَةٌ below, where the pl. is said to be سُرَبٌ.]) b3: [Hence, as some explain them, two phrases mentioned below in this paragraph.] b4: See also سَرْبٌ, first sentence.

A2: It is also syn. with سَرْبٌ as meaning A way, or road: and a course: see سَرْبٌ in two places. b2: Also i. q. بَالٌ [app. as syn. with حَالٌ, i. e. State, or condition]. (S, Msb, K.) One says, فُلَانٌ وَاسِعُ السِّرْبِ, meaning رَخِىُّ البَالِ [i. e. Such a one is in an ample, or unstraitened, state or condition: or the meaning may be, such a one is easy, or unstraitened, in mind: see what follows, and see also بَالٌ]: (S, Msb:) or, as some say, ample of bosom, or mind; slow of anger: (Msb, TA:) [see also وَاسِعُ السَّرْبِ, in two places near the end of the next preceding paragraph:] MF thinks that for بَال we should read مَال, agreeably with an explanation of a phrase in what here follows. (TA.) b3: Also The قَلْب [meaning heart, or mind]: (M, K:) and the نَفْس [meaning self]. (IAar, M, Msb, K.) One says, هُوَ آمِنٌ فِى سِرْبِهِ He is secure in, or in respect of, his heart, or mind: or, himself: (M:) but IDrd disallows this latter explanation; and says that the meaning is, his family, and his مَال [or camels, or cattle, or other property], and his, children; as though the phrase آمن فى سربه were originally used in relation to the pastor, and the stallion [camel], and then extended in its relation to others, metaphorically: (TA:) or the meaning is [simply], his مَال: or, his people, or party: (M, TA:) or as expl. above, voce سَرْبٌ, q. v.: or, accord. to Kz, his way. (TA.) The pl. is سِرَابٌ. (El-Hejeree, M, TA.) A3: See also مَسْرُبَةٌ.

سَرَب A subterranean excavation: (M, K:) or a habitation (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) of a wild animal, (S, * Msb,) in, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or beneath, (TA,) the earth, or ground, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) having no passage through it; also called وَكْرٌ: (Msb:) such as has a passage through it is termed نَفَقٌ: (Mgh, Msb:) the burrow, or hole, (M, K,) of a wild animal, (K,) or of a fox, and likewise [the den] of a lion, and of a hyena, and of a wolf; and the place into which a wild animal enters: (M:) pl. أَسْرَابٌ. (M, A, Msb.) In the saying in the Kur [xviii. 60], فَاتَّخَذَ سَبِيلَهُ فِى الْبَحْرِ سَرَبًا [And it (the fish) took its way into the sea &c.], Fr says that when the fish was restored to life by the water that came upon it from the fountain [of life], and fell into the sea, its way became congealed, and like a سَرَب [or subterranean excavation, &c.]: Zj says that سربا may be considered as put in the accus. case in two ways; either as a second objective complement of the verb, or as an inf. n. [of ↓ سَرِبَ, q. v.]: and AHát thinks that it here means ذَهَابًا [going away]: or, accord. to IAth, سَرَبٌ signifies a secret, or hidden, place of passage: or, as used by El-Moatarid Edh-Dhafaree, it means [simply] a road, or way. (TA.) It signifies also A subterranean channel or conduit, by which water enters a حَائِط [or garden, or walled garden of palm-trees]. (M, K.) And طَرِيقٌ سَرَبٌ meansA way, or road, in which people follow one another continuously. (M.) b2: Also Flowing water: (M, K: [see also سَرِبٌ:]) or water flowing from a مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag] and the like: (S:) or water dropping from the punctures made in the sewing of a water-skin. (A.) b3: and Water that is poured into a قِرْبَة [or skin for water or milk], (M, K,) when it is new, or into a مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag], (M,) in order that the thong [with which it is sewed] may become moistened, (M, K,) so as to swell, and fill up the holes made in the sewing. (M.) سَرِبٌ Flowing water. (S, * M. [See also سَرَبٌ.]) You say also مَزَادَةٌ سَرِبَةٌ, i. e. [A leathern-water-bag] flowing. (S, K.) سَرْبَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

A2: I. q. خَرْزَةٌ [A single puncture, or stitch-hole, made in sewing a skin or the like]. (K. [There expressly said to be, in this sense, with fet-h; but I think that we should read سُرْبَةٌ, and خُرْزَةٌ: see, again, the next paragraph.]) سُرْبَةٌ A short journey; (IAar, M;) or so ↓ سَرْبَةٌ. (K. [But I think that the former is the right.]) You say, إِنَّكَ لَتُرِيدُ سُرْبَةً Verily thou desirest a short journey. (IAar, M.) A long journey is termed سُبْأَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And i. q. مَذْهَبٌ (S, M, A, K) and طَرِيقَةٌ (A, K) [i. e. A way by which one goes or goes away, a proper meaning of the former word; and a way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like, which is a meaning of both of these words]. One says, فُلَانٌ بَعِيدُ السُّرْبَةِ, (S, A, TA,) meaning [Such a one is] one who takes a distant way into the country, or land: (TA:) or meaning بَعِيدُ المَذْهَبِ (S, A) and الطَّرِيقَةِ (A) [i. e., who follows a distant, or remote, way in journeying, and a long way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like. See also سَرْبٌ, and مَسْرَبٌ]. Esh-Shenfarà says, عَدَوْنَا مِنَ الوَادِى الَّذِى بَيْنَ مِشْعَلٍ

وَبَيْنَ الحَشَا هَيْهَاتَ أَنْسَأْتُ سُرْبَتِى

[We passed from the valley that is between Mish' al and El-Hashà: distant was it: I made my way to lead me far off]; meaning, how distant was the place from which I commenced my journey! (TA.) And one says also, إِنَّهُ لَقَرِيبُ السُّرْبَةِ, meaning قَرِيبُ المَذْهَبِ [i. e. Verily he is one who pursues a near way]; who hastens, or is quick, in accomplishing his want. (Th, M.) A2: Also A portion, or detached number, (S, Mgh, Msb,) of what compose a سِرْب, (Mgh, Msb,) i. e., of a collection [or herd] of gazelles, and of [wild] oxen, (Mgh,) or [of a flock] of the birds called قَطًا, and of horses, and asses, and gazelles: (S:) pl. سُرَبٌ, like غُرَفٌ pl. of غُرْفَةٌ. (Msb.) See also سِرْبٌ, in two places; in the latter of which the pl. is said to be سُرُبٌ and سُرْبٌ. b2: A collection of خَيْل [i. e. horses, or horsemen], from twenty to thirty, (M, K,) or from ten to twenty. (M.) b3: A company of men who steal away from an army, and make a hostile incursion into the territory of a people, and return. (IAar, TA.) b4: A row of grape-vines: (M, K:) and any طَرِيقَة [meaning row or line]. (M.) b5: See also مَسْرُبَةٌ. b6: Also i. q. خُرْزَةٌ [i. e. A seam, or a stitch, or a puncture, or stitch-hole, of a skin or the like]. (M. [See also سَرْبَةٌ.]) سَرَابٌ [The mirage;] i. q. آلٌ: (As, M, TA:) or the semblance of water, (S, M, A, K,) of running water, (M,) at midday, (S, M, A, K,) cleaving to the ground, (M,) and [in appearance] lowering everything so that it becomes [as though it were] cleaving to the ground, having no شَخْص; (TA;) whereas the آل is that which is in the ضُحَى [or early part of the day when the sun is yet low], raising figures seen from a distance, and making them to quiver: (M:) [several other distinctions between the سراب and the آل, mentioned here in the TA, see voce آلٌ:] سَرَابٌ has no pl. (S and K voce نَهَارٌ.) One says أَخْدَعُ مِنْ سَرَابٍ [More deceitful than a middaymirage]. (A.) A2: سَرَابِ, like قَطَامِ, (A, K, TA,) i. e. indecl., with kesr for its termination, as also سَرَابُ, imperfectly decl., (TA,) determinate, (K, TA,) as a proper name, not having the article ال prefixed to it, (TA,) is the name of The she-camel of El-Basoos (البَسُوس), (K,) or the she-camel El-Basoos, (A, TA,) for El-Basoos was her surname: (TA:) whence the saying أَشْأَمُ مِنْ سَرَابِ [More inauspicious than Sarábi]: (A, K, TA:) a celebrated prov.: for she was the cause of a famous war. (TA.) سَرُوبٌ [Wont to go away at random]: see 1, near the beginning of the paragraph.

سَرِيبَةٌ A sheep, or goat, (شَاةٌ,) which one drives back, or brings back, from the water, when the sheep, or goats, are satisfied with drinking, and which they follow. (M, TA. [See also شَرِيبَةٌ.]) سَارِبٌ Going forth: and going away; as also ↓ سِرْبٌ; the latter expl. by IAar as syn. with ذَاهِبٌ and مَاضٍ: (M: [in one place in the TA the latter is erroneously written سيرب:]) or going away at random into the country, or in the land. (S, K.) See also سَرْبٌ, first sentence. You say مَالٌ سَارِبٌ, (A,) and فَحْلٌ سَارِبٌ, (TA,) i. e. [Camels, or cattle, and a stallion-camel,] repairing to the place of pasture: (A, TA:) and ظَيْبَةٌ سَارِبٌ (M) or سَارِبَةٌ (TA) [a she-gazelle] going away in her place of pasture. (M, TA.) A poet says, (S, M,) namely, El-Akhnas Ibn-Shiháb ElTeghlibee, (TA,) وَكُلُّ أُنَاسٍ قَارَبُوا قَيْدَ فَحْلِهِمْ وَنَحْنُ خَلَعْنَا قَيْدَهُ فَهُوَ سَارِبُ

[And all other men have contracted the shackles of their stallion-camel; but we have pulled off his shackles, and he is going away whithersoever he will in his place of pasture]: (S, M, TA: but in the last, حَلَلْنَا is put in the place of خَلَعْنَا: [in the Ham (p. 347) it begins thus: أَرَى كُلَّ قَوْمٍ:]) this, says As, is a prov.; meaning [other] men have abode in one place, not daring to remove to another, and have contracted the shackles of their stallion, that is, confined him, that he may not advance, and be followed by their [other] camels; fearing a hostile attack upon them: but we are people of might, wandering about the land, and going whithersoever we will; and we have pulled off the shackles of our stallion, that he may go whither he will; and whithersoever he hastes away to herbage produced by the rain, thither we follow him: (IB, TA:) or it may be that by the فحل he means the chief, whom, Abu-l-'Alà says, he likens to the stallion-camel. (Ham p. 347.) And hence the saying in the Kur [xiii. 11], مُسْتَخْفٍ بِاللَّيْلِ وَسَارِبٌ بِالنَّهَارِ, (S, M, TA,) i. e. [Hiding himself by night, and] appearing by day: (S:) or appearing by day in his way, or road, or in the roads: or, as is related on the authority of Akh, appearing by night, and hiding himself by day; and Ktr says the same of سارب. (TA.) أُسْرُبٌ, (M, K,) and أُسْرُبٌّ, (M, Msb, K,) the former mentioned by Sh, (TA,) [the latter the more common,] a Pers\. word, (M, TA,) arabicized, (Msb, TA,) originally أُسْرُبْ, (M,) [or أُسْرُپْ,] or أُسْرُفْ, (Msb, MF, TA,) [and in the TA سترب,] i. q. رَصَاصٌ [i. e. Lead], (M, Msb,) or آنُكٌ [which signifies the same, or black lead, or tin, or pewter]. (K.) b2: And the latter, The fume of [molten] silver. (M. [See 1, last sentence.]) مَسْرَبٌ A way by which one goes; [like سَرْبٌ and سُرْبَةٌ;] syn. مَذْهَبٌ: (Har p. 448:) a place in which the مَال [i. e. camels, or cattle,] go to pasture (تَسْرُبُ); (Ham p. 99;) and ↓ مَسْرَبَةٌ signifies [the same, or] a place of pasture: (S, K:) pl. of the former مَسَارِبُ, (Ham ubi suprà,) and so of the latter. (S, K.) b2: And A channel of water. (A, and Har ubi suprà.) [Hence,] one says, اِخْضَلَّتْ مَسَارِبُ عَيْنَيْهِ i. e. (tropical:) The channels of the tears [of his eyes became moist so as to scatter drops]. (A.) مَسْرَبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: Also The passage, and place of exit, of the dung; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) in this sense with fet-h (Mgh, Msb) only [i. e. to the ر]; or so and likewise ↓ مَسْرُبَةٌ: and both signify the upper part of the anus. (TA.) b3: See also the next following paragraph. b4: Also [A sitting-place] like a صُفَّة [q. v.], before a [chamber such as is called] غُرْفَة: not مشربة; for this is a غُرْفَة [itself]. (TA.) مَسْرُبَةٌ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) with damm to the ر, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and ↓ مَسْرَبَةٌ, (M, Msb,) with fet-h, (Msb,) i. e. to the ر, (TA,) and ↓ سُرْبَةٌ, (M, K,) The narrow hair that extends from the breast to the navel: (S:) or the hair growing in the middle of the breast, extending to the belly: (M, K:) or the hair extending from the breast to the pubes: (A, Mgh:) or the hair of the breast, extending to the pubes: (Msb:) and ↓ سِرْبٌ, also, signifies the hair of the breast. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce جِذْمٌ.] b2: The مَسَارِب of beasts are The soft parts of their bellies: (M, TA:) or the مسربة of any beast means the upper parts, from the part next the neck to the root of the tail: and the soft parts of the belly, and the groins, or any similar parts. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) b3: See also مَسْرَبَةٌ.

مَسْرُوبٌ: see 1, last sentence.

مُنْسَرِبٌ Very tall; (K, TA;) applied to a man: and very long; applied to hair. (TA.)