سطح

1 سَطَحَهُ, (A, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. سَطْحٌ, (Msb,) He spread it, spread it out or forth, or expanded it: (A, Msb, K:) this is the primary signification. (Msb.) You say, سَطَحَ اللّٰهُ الأَرْضَ, inf. n. as above, God spread, or expanded, the earth. (S.) And سَطَحَ التَّمْرَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He spread the dates [to dry]. (Msb.) And سَطَحَ الثَّرِيدَ فِى الصَّحْفَةِ [He spread evenly the crumbled, or broken, bread in the bowl]. (A.) And سَطَحَ سُطُوحَهُ He made even his سُطُوح [or flat roofs]; as also ↓ سَطَّحَهَا, (K,) inf. n. تَسْطِيحٌ. (TA.) And سَطَحَ البَيْتَ, aor. and inf. n. as above; [He made a flat roof to the house, or chamber;] as also ↓ سطّحهُ. (TA.) And القَبْرَ ↓ سَطَّحْتُ, inf. n. as above, I made the top [or roof] of the grave [flat] like the سَطْح [of a house]: (Msb:) تَسْطِيحُ القَبْرِ is the contr. of تَسْنِيمُهُ. (S, A.) b2: He threw him down (A, L, K) [so that he lay] extended on the back of his neck, (A,) or spread upon the ground. (L.) And He threw him down on his side. (K.) And سَطَحَ النَّاقَةَ He made the she-camel to lie down on her breast. (TA.) b3: and He sent him with his mother; namely, a lamb or kid, or a new-born lamb or kid. (O, K.) 2 سَطَّحَ see above, in three places.5 تَسَطَّحَ see what next follows.7 انسح It was, or became, spread, spread out or forth, or expanded; as also ↓ تسطّح. (TA.) b2: Said of a man, He became extended [lying] on the back of his neck, (S, Msb,) affected by a disease of long continuance, or crippled, (Msb,) and moved not: (S, Msb:) or he became thrown down [so that he lay] extended on the back of his neck. (A.) Q. Q. 3 [accord to the S, but of an extr. form].

اِسْلَنْطَحَ It (a thing) was, or became, long and wide. (AA, S. [Mentioned in the S in this art., as though of the measure اِفْلَنْعَلَ: see also art. سلطح.]) سَطْحٌ a word of well-known meaning; (S;) The upper, or uppermost, part [or surface] of a house or chamber &c.; (Msb;) [the flat top or roof of a house &c.;] the back (ظَهْر) of a house or chamber (K, TA) when it is flat, level, or even; because of its expansion: (TA:) and the upper, or uppermost, part [or surface] of anything: (K:) or it has this last meaning [primarily]: and hence the سَطْح of a house or chamber: (A:) pl. سُطُوحٌ. (Msb, TA.) b2: [In geometry, A plane; i. e.] the سَطْح is that which is divisible in length and breadth and is terminated by a line [or lines]. (KT.) سَطِيحٌ Spread, spread out or forth, or expanded; as also ↓ مَسْطُوحٌ. (TA.) b2: Extended, (Msb,) or thrown down [so as to be lying] extended, (A,) or lying as though thrown down or extended, (S,) on the back of his neck, (S, A, Msb,) in consequence of disease of long continuance, or crippleness; (S, Msb;) and ↓ مُنْسَطِحٌ signifies the same: (A:) or spread [upon the ground], slow in rising, by reason of weakness, (L, K,) or And One born weak, unable to stand and to sit, so that he is always spread [upon the ground]. (TA.) And Slain, spread [upon the ground]; as also ↓ مَسْطُوحٌ. (K.) b3: See also the next paragraph.

سَطِيحَةٌ One of the vessels for water; (TA;) a [leathern water-bag of the kind called] مَزَادَة, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) made of two skins (Mgh, TA) placed opposite to each other; it is small, and large; but the مزادة [properly so called] is larger than it; (TA;) and ↓ سَطِيحٌ signifies the same. (S, K, TA.) سُطَّاحٌ A certain kind of plant, (As, AHn, S, O, K,) of the plants that grow in plain, or soft, ground: (AHn, O:) n. un. with ة: (As, AHn, S, O:) accord. to Az, the سُطَّاحَة is a certain herb, or leguminous plant, upon which cattle pasture, and with the leaves of which the heads are washed: (TA:) or it is a certain plant growing in plain, or soft, tracts, and spreading upon the ground: or a certain tree, or shrub, that grows in the places where cattle recline around the waters, spreading, but scanty, and of no use. (L.) And Any kind of plant that spreads (AHn, O, K) upon the ground, and does not grow tall: such as run and extend, as the melon or water-melon (بِطِّيخ), and the cucumber (قِثَّآء), and the colocynth, are all called شَرْىٌ: and such especially as are eaten [by men], like the gourd, and the cucumber (قِثَّآء and خِيَار), and the melon or water-melon (بِطِّيخ), are called يَقْطِينٌ. (AHn, O.) مَسْطَحٌ, (Msb,) or ↓ مِسْطَحٌ, (K,) or both, (S, O,) the former because it means a place, (O,) A place (S, R, O, Msb) that is even, or level, (R,) in which, (S, O, Msb,) or upon which, (R,) dates are spread (S, R, O, Msb) and dried; (S, R, O;) i. q. جَرِينٌ; (K;) of the dial. of El-Yemen: (TA:) [pl. مَسَاطِحُ.] b2: رَأَيْتُ الأَرْضَ مَسَاطِحَ meansI saw the land [bare, or] destitute of pasturage; likened to بُيُوت مَسْطُوحَة [i. e. flat-topped houses]. (TA.) مِسْطَحٌ A rolling-pin; i. e. the implement with which bread [or dough] is expanded. (O, K.) b2: The pole, (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb,) or a pole, (K,) of a [tent such as is called] خِبَآء, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) or of a [tent such as is called] فُسْطَاط. (Mgh.) b3: The transverse piece of wood upon the two props of the grape-vine, with the hoops [that are affixed upon it]. (K.) ISh says that when a grape-vine had a raised support made for its branches to lie thereon, recourse was had to props, for [the feet of] which holes were dug in the ground, each prop having two forking portions [at the head]; then a piece of wood (خَشَبَةٌ, so in the O, in the TA [erroneously] شعبة,) is taken, and laid across two props, and this transverse piece of wood is called the مِسْطَح, [pl. مَسَاطِحُ,] and upon the مَسَاطِح are placed hoops, from the nearest part thereof to the furthest; (O, TA;) and the مساطح with the hoops are called مساطح. (O.) b4: A smooth piece of rock or hard stone, surrounded with stones, in which water collects: (S, O, K:) or a wide slab of rock or hard stone, bordered round, for the rain-water [to collect therein]: and sometimes God creates, at the mouth of the well, a smooth, even, piece of rock or hard stone, [thus called,] which is surrounded with stones, and from which the camels are watered, like the حَوْض. (T, TA.) [See also حَوِيَّةٌ.] b5: Also i. q. مَسْطَحٌ, q. v. (S, O.) b6: And A mat (S, O, K) woven (O) of خُوص (A, K) or طُفْى (O) [i. e. leaves] of the دَوْم [or Theban palm]; (O, K;) as also ↓ مِسْطَاحٌ. (A.) b7: A large roasting-pan (مِقْلًى) for wheat, (K, TA,) which is roasted therein. (TA.) b8: And A mug (كُوز) that is used in travelling, having one جَنْب [app. here meaning flat side]; (O, K, TA;) as also ↓ مِسْطَحَةٌ: it is like the مِطْهَرَة; not foursided. (TA.) مِسْطَحَةٌ: see what next precedes.

مُسَطَّحٌ [Plane, or flat; opposed to كُرِىٌّ &c.]. b2: A flat roof (سَطْحٌ) made even. (A, TA.) b3: A nose spreading very widely. (S, K.) مِسْطَاحٌ: see مِسْطَحٌ, last sentence but two.

مَسْطُوحٌ: see سَطِيحٌ, in two places. b2: بَيْتٌ مَسْطُوحٌ [A house, or chamber, having a flat roof made to it]. (TA.) مُنْسَطِحٌ: see سَطِيحٌ.

سند

1 سَنَد إِلَيْهِ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. سُنُودٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and سَنِدَ, aor. ـَ (Msb;) and ↓ استند, [which is the most common,] (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ تساند, (S, M, A, K,) and ↓ اسند; (M, TA;) signify the same; (S, M, * Msb, K *;) i. e. He (a man, S, Msb, [and in like manner it is said of a thing,]) leaned, rested, or stayed himself, against it, or upon it; syn. اِعْتَمَدَ; (TK;) [or اعتمد عَلَيْهِ;] namely, a thing, (S, M, Msb,) or a wall, (A, Msb,) &c. (Msb.) b2: سَنَدَفِى الجَبَلِ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. سُنُودٌ, (M,) He ascended the mountain; as also ↓ اسند. (M, K.) And [hence,] إِلَى فُلَانٍ ↓ أَسْنَدْتُ (tropical:) I ascended to such a one. (A.) b3: And سَنَدَ فِى

الخَمْسِينَ, (M, and so in some copies of the K,) or لِلْخَمْسِينَ, (so in other copies of the K,) (tropical:) He approached, or drew near to, [the age of] fifty: (K, TA:) [likewise] from سَنَدَ فِى الجَبَلِ. (M, TA. *) b4: سَنَدَ ذَنَبُ النَّاقَةِ, (K,) or ↓ أَسْنَدَ, (so in the O,) The tail of the she-camel tossed about, and lashed her croup, or rump, on the right and left. (O, K.) 2 سنّد, inf. n. تَسْنِيدٌ, He set up [pieces of] wood [as stays, or props,] against a wall. (KL. [See the pass. part. n., below. And see also 3 and 4.]) A2: Also, inf. n. as above, He (a man) wore, or clad himself with, the kind of بُرْد called سَنَد. (IAar, K.) 3 سَانَدْتُهُ إِلَى الشَّىْءَ: see 4. [Hence,] سُونِدَ المَرِيضُ [The sick man was stayed, or propped up, against a pillow or the like]: and قَالَ سَانِدُونِى [He (the sick man) said, Stay ye me, or prop ye me up]. (A, TA.) And يُسَانِدُ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضًا [One part of it stays, or supports, and so renders firm or strong, another part]. (Sh, O, K. [See مُسَانَدَةٌ.]) b2: [And hence,] سُونِدَ خَلْقُهَا, referring to a she-camel, (assumed tropical:) Her frame, or make, was symmetrical; or conformable in its several parts. (Ham p. 783.) b3: And ساندهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُسَانَدَةٌ, (S,) He aided, or assisted, him; namely, another man. (S, K.) b4: And (tropical:) He requited, compensated, or recompensed, him, (A, K, TA,) عَلَى

العَمَلِ [for work, or for the work or deed]. (K.) 4 أَسْنَدْتُهُ إِلَى الشَّىْءَ (Az, S, * M, * Msb, K * TA) I made him, or it, to lean, rest, or stay himself or itself, against, or upon, the thing; (TK;) and إِلَيْهِ ↓ سَانَدْتُهُ signifies the same. (Az, TA.) You say, اسند ظَهْرَهُ إِلَى الحَائِطِ He leaned his back against the wall. (MA.) And اسندهُ He stayed, propped, or supported, it; namely, a thing leaning; syn. دَعَمَهُ. (TA in art. دعم.) b2: [Hence,] أَسْنَدْتُ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرِى (tropical:) [I rested, or stayed, upon him my affair]. (A.) b3: And اسند الحَدِيثَ إِلَى قَائِلِهِ (T, M, * L, Msb,) inf. n. إِسْنَادٌ [q. v. infrà], (S, &c.,) (tropical:) He traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, the tradition to the author thereof, [resting it upon his authority,] (T, S, M, L, Msb, TA,) by mentioning him, (Msb,) or by mentioning, uninterruptedly, in ascending order, the persons by whom it had been transmitted, up to the Prophet; (T, L, KT;) [or by mentioning the person who had related it to him from the Prophet if only one person intervened;] saying, “ Such a one told me, from such a one,” [and so on, if more than one intervened between him and the Prophet,] “ from the Apostle of God; ” (KT;) [or it may be with an interruption in the mention of the person by whom it had been transmitted: see مُسْنَدٌ, below.] b4: إِسْنَادُ أَمْرٍ إِلَى

آخَرَ إِيجَابًا أَوْ سَلْبًا [is a conventional phrase, used in logic, meaning (assumed tropical:) The judging a thing to stand to another thing in the relation of an attribute to its subject, affirmatively or negatively]. (Kull p. 157, in explanation of الحُكْمُ as a logical term [meaning “ judgment ”].) b5: [إِسْنَادٌ مَجَازِىٌّ is another conventional term, used in lexicology and rhetoric, meaning (assumed tropical:) A tropical attribution of an act or a quality or a meaning; as in عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ for مَرْضِيَّةٌ, and in زَبُونٌ (q. v.) in one of its senses: see Har p. 432 b6: أُسْنِدَ الفِعْلُ إِلَى زَيْدٍ, another conventional phrase, is said of the verb in the phrases قَامَ زَيْدٌ and ضُزِبَ زَيْدٌ and زَيْدٌ قَامَ meaning The verb is made an attributive to Zeyd: and, in an unusual manner, it is said (in the Msb in art. سلب) of the verb in the saying سَلَبْتُ زَيْدًا ثَوْبَهُ; so that it means in this instance The verb is made to have Zeyd for its object. And أُسْنِدَ إِلَيْهِ فَاعِلَانِ فَصَاعِدًا is said (in the TA in art. سوى) of the verb in the phrase اِسْتَوَى زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو وَخَالِدٌ فِى هٰذَا; so that it means Two and more agents are assigned to it.] b7: اسندهُ فِى

الجَبَلِ He made him to ascend the mountain. (K.) A2: اسند as an intrans. verb: see 1, in four places. b2: You say also, اسند فِى العَدْوِ, (M, L,) inf. n. إِسْنَادٌ (L,) He was vehement in running; he strove, laboured, or exerted himself, therein. (M, L.) b3: And He (a camel) went a pace between that called ذَمِيلٌ and that called هَمْلَجَةٌ. (L.) 6 تَسَاْنَدَ see 1, first sentence. b2: تساند القَوْمُ meansThe people went forth, every commander of them with a [separate] corps. (Ham p. 783.) [See also the act. part. n. below.]8 إِسْتَنَدَ see 1, first sentence.

سِنْدٌ, (S, L,) or السِّنْدُ, (M, L, K,) A certain country, (S, L, K,) well known, (K,) said in the “ Marásid ” to be a country between India (الهِنْد) and Karmán and Sijistán: (TA:) or a people; (K;) [the people of that country;] a well-known nation; (M, L;) a nation bordering upon India, whose colours incline to yellowness, and who are generally slender: (Mgh:) or one of these meanings is the original of the other: (TA:) ↓ سِنْدِىٌّ signifies a single person thereof: (S, K:) and سِنْدٌ is the pl., (K,) or [rather] is applied to the people collectively; (S;) these two words being like زِنْجِىُّ and زِنْجٌ: (TA:) the pl. of سِنْدٌ is سُنُودٌ and أَسْنَادٌ. (M, L.) السِّنْدُ is also the name of A great river of الهِنْد [or India; i. e. the Indus]: and of a district in El-Andalus: and of a town in Western Africa (المَغْرِب). (K.) سَنَدٌ The part that faces one, of a mountain, and rises from (عَن) the سَفْح [i. e. base, or foot]; (S, K;) the acclivity, or rising part, in the face, or front, [or side,] of a mountain or a valley: (T, M, A:) or a rising, or an elevated, portion of ground: (Mgh:) pl. أَسْنَادٌ, (M, A,) [properly a pl. of pauc., but] the only pl. form. (M.) b2: A thing, such as a wall &c., against, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself: (Mgh, Msb:) and ↓ مِسْنَدٌ and ↓ مُسْنَدٌ [the latter in the TA said to be with fet-h, but this is evidently a mistake, occasioned by a copyist's writing ويفتح for ويضمّ,] signify [the same,] a thing against, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself; [and the former of these two particularly signifies a cushion, or pillow, and more particularly a large cushion or pillow, against which one leans; as expl. by Golius on the authority of Meyd;] pl. مَسَانِدُ. (L, Msb.) b3: Applied to a man, i. q. مُعْتَمَدٌ [meaning (tropical:) A person upon whom one leans, rests, stays himself, or relies]; (S;) a man's مُعْتَمَد [i. e. (tropical:) stay, support, or object of reliance]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مُسْتَنَدٌ. (TA.) You say سَيِّدٌ سَنَدٌ (tropical:) [A lord, or chief, upon whom people lean, &c.]. (A, TA.) And هُوَسَنَدِى and ↓ مُسْتَنَدِى (tropical:) [He is my stay, support, or object of reliance]. (A.) And حَدِيثٌ قَوِىُّ السَّنَدِ (tropical:) [A tradition valid in respect of the authority upon which it rests, or to which it is traced up or ascribed]. (A, TA. [See also إِسْنَادٌ, below.]) b4: See also مُسْنَدٌ.

A2: Also A sort of garment of the kind called بُرُود, (IAar, K,) of the fabric of ElYemen: (IAar:) pl. أَسْنَادٌ: (K:) or the pl. is like the sing.: (IAar, K:) one says أَثْوَابٌ سَنَدٌ [meaning garments of the kind called سَنَد]: (TA, from a trad.:) Ibn-Buzurj says that السَّنَدُ meansالأَسْنَادُ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ, i. e. garments of those called بُرُود: and he cites, from a poet, the phrase جُبَّةُ

أَسْنَادٍ, which, he says, means a red jubbeh of those [made] of what are called بُرُود. (TA.) Accord. to Lth, it signifies A sort of clothing, [consisting of] a shirt with a shirt over it: and in like manner, short shirts made of pieces of cloth, one whereof is concealed beneath another: whatever appears (كُلُّ مَا ظَهَرَ) thereof is termed سِمْطٌ [q. v.]: (O:) [this app. explains the meaning of what here follows:] السَّنَدُ is [a term used in the case of] thy wearing a long shirt beneath a shirt shorter than it. (M.) سِنْدِىٌّ: see سِنْدٌ [of which it is the n. un.].

سَنْدَانٌ, with fet-h, (Mgh, Msb, K,) or ↓ سِنْدَانٌ, (thus in a copy of the M, [and thus I have generally found it written, agreeably with the common modern pronunciation,]) The عَلَاة, (M,) or زُبْرَة, (Msb,) [both meaning anvil,] of the blacksmith. (Msb, K.) سِنْدَانٌ Great and strong; applied to a man and to a wolf. (K.) A2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

سِنْدَانَةٌ A she-ass [either domestic or wild: probably the latter, because of her strength]. (K.) سِنْدِيَانٌ [The ilex, or evergreen oak; so called in the present day;] a kind of tree. (TA.) [See إِسْنَادٌ.]

سِنَادٌ applied to a she-camel, (S, M, &c.,) Strong: (K:) or strong in make: (AA, S:) or tall in the hump: (M:) or long in the legs, (A, L,) and elevated [so I render مسندة, conjecturally, as though meaning propped up,] in the hump: (L:) or lean, and lank in the belly; (AO, M, L;) but Sh disapproves of this last explanation. (L.) سَنِيدٌ: see مُسْنَدٌ.

أَسْنَدُ [a comparative and superlative epithet from أَسْنَدَ الحَدِيثَ, q. v., though (like أَسْوَدُ and أَبْيَضُ when used as epithets of this kind) deviating from a general rule, which requires that such an epithet be formed from an unaugmented triliteralradical verb]. You say أَسْنَدُ لِلْحَدِيثِ, meaning أَنَصُّ لَهُ, q. v. (TA in art. نص.) إِسْنَادٌ inf. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (S, &c.) b2: [Used as a simple subst., signifying (tropical:) The ascription of a tradition to an authority in the manner expl. voce أَسْنَدَ it has a pl., namely, أَسَانِيدُ; as in the saying,] الأَسَانِيدُ قَوَائِمُ الأَحَادِيثِ (tropical:) [The ascrip-tions to authorities, whereon they rest, &c., are the foundations of traditions]. (A, TA. [See also سَنَدٌ.]) b3: Also used in the sense sf رِوَايَةٌ [q. v., as a simple subst.]: pl. as above. (Har p. 32.) A2: Also A certain kind of tree. (M.) [In the TA, it is said that the name commonly known is سِنْدِيَان: but I think that this is a mistake: see the latter word.]

مَسْنَدٌ A place in, or upon, which one leans, rests, or stays himself: [and hence applied to a couch, and a throne:] pl. مَسَانِدُ. (KL. [See also مُسْنَدٌ, voce سَنَدٌ.]) مُسْنَدٌ [pass. part. n. of 4, Made to lean, rest, &c., against, or upon, a thing: and stayed, propped, or supported; or set up. b2: Hence used in the sense of مِسْنَدٌ, as being a thing set up]: see سَنَدٌ. b3: Also (tropical:) A tradition (حَدِيثٌ) traced up, or ascribed, or attributed, to the author thereof, (T, L, K, TA,) [rested on his authority by the mention of him, (see 4,) or] by the mention, uninterruptedly, in ascending order, of the persons by whom it has been transmitted, up to the Prophet; (T, L, KT;) [or by the mention of him who has related it from the Prophet when only one has intervened;] opposed to مُرْسَلٌ and مُنْقِطِعٌ; (T, L;) or it may be منقطع, i. e. interrupted in the mention of the persons by whom it has been transmitted: (KT:) pl. مَسَانِدُ, (K,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and مَسَانِيدُ, (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K,) which latter has ى added to render the sound of the kesreh more full; or, accord. to some, it is a dial. var.; and accord. to some, agreeable with analogy. (TA.) b4: And i. q. دَعِىٌّ [as meaning (assumed tropical:) One who claims as his father a person who is not his father; or an adopted son; or one whose origin, or lineage, or parentage, is suspected]; (S, M, L, K;) as also ↓ سَنِيدٌ; (M, L, K; [see an ex. in a verse cited voce أَسَرُّ;]) opposed to كَرِيمٌ. (L.) b5: المُسْنَدُ, accord. to Sb, signifies (assumed tropical:) The first portion [i. e. the subject] of a proposition; and المُسْنَدُ إِلَيْهِ, (assumed tropical:) the second portion [i. e. the attribute, or predicate,] thereof: (M, L:) of, accord. to Kh, a proposition consists of a ↓ سَنَد and a مُسْنَد إِلَيْه; and in the phrase عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ, [for ex.,] عبد اللّٰه is a سند, and رجل صالح is a مسند اليه: (O, L:) [but accord. to other authors, and general modern usage, and agreeably with the proper meanings of the terms, المُسْنَدُ (meaning the attributed) signifies the attribute, or predicate; and المُسْنَدُ إِلَيْهِ, (meaning that to which a thing or an accident is attributed) signifies the subject.] b6: Also The Himyeree, or Himyeritic, character of writing; the character of Himyer; (S, M, A, O, K;) differing from the modern Arabic character: (S, O:) they used to write it commonly in the days of their rule; and AHát says that it continued in use among them in El-Yemen in his day [i. e. in the latter half of the second century of the Flight and the former half of the third century]: (M, TA:) Abu-l-'Abbás says, المُسْنَدُ was the language of the sons of Seth; (O, TA;) [i. e. the language written in the character so called;] and the like is said in the “ Sirr es-Siná'ah ” of IJ. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., vol. ii., p. 122 of the Ar. text, and 311 of the transl.] b7: and i. q. الدَّهْرُ [i. e. Time, from the beginning of the world to its end; or time absolutely; or a long time; or a long unlimited time; or time without end; &c.]. (S, M, A, K.) So in the saying, لَا أَفْعَلُهُ آخِرَ المُسْنَدِ [I will not do it to the end of time]. (A, TA.) One says also, لَا آتِيهِ يَدَ المُسْنَدِ, meaning [I will not do it, or I will not come to him or it,] ever. (IAar, TA.) مَسْنَدٌ: see سَنَدٌ, second sentence.

مُسَنَّدٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v.]. In the phrase خُشُبٌ مُسَنَّدَةٌ, [in the Kur lxiii. 4, meaning Pieces of wood made to lean, or incline, against a wall, (Jel,)] the latter word is with teshdeed because of its relation to many objects (لِلْكَثْرَةِ). (S.) A2: مُسَنَّدَةٌ also signifies A certain sort of cloths, or garments; and so ↓ مَسْنَدِيَّةٌ. (M, TA.) مَسْنَدِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes.

مُسَانَدَةٌ (O, K, and Ham p. 783, in the CK and TK [erroneously] مُسَانِدَةٌ) (assumed tropical:) A she-camel having the breast and fore part prominent: (As, O, K:) or whereof one part of her frame stays, or supports, (يُسَانِدُ,) [and so renders firm or strong,] another part: (Sh, O, K:) or having prominent withers: (Ibn-Buzurj, L:) or strong in the back: or whose frame, or make, is symmetrical, or conformable in its several parts: or, as some say, whose frame, or make, is dissimilar, or unconformable, in its several parts; because the hump differs from the other parts; so that it is from the phrase تَسَانَدَ القَوْمُ meaning as expl. above [see 6]: (Ham p. 783:) and مُسَانَدَةُ القَرَا (tropical:) a she-camel hard, firmly compacted, in the back. (M, L, TA.) مُسْتَنَدٌ: see سَنَدٌ, in two places.

خَرَجَا مُتَسَانِدَيْنِ (tropical:) They two went forth aiding, or assisting, each other; (A, * L, TA;) as though each of them leaned, or stayed himself, upon the other, and aided himself by him. (L, TA.) The latter word is used, in this sense, of two men going on a hostile, or hostile and plundering, expedition: and of two wolves attacking a person. (A.) And one says, خَرَجُوا مُتَسَانِدِينَ, meaning (tropical:) They went forth under sundry, or different, banners, or standards, (S, A, M, L, K, *) every party by itself, (A, L,) the sons of one father under one [separate] banner, (L,) not all under the banner of one commander. (S, L. K.)

رحم

1 رَحِمَهُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَحْمَةٌ and رُحْمٌ [and رَحَمَةٌ and رُحُمٌ] and مَرْحَمَةٌ, (S, * Msb, K, *) [He had mercy, or pity, or compassion, on him; or he treated him, or regarded him, with mercy or pity or compassion; i. e.] he was, or became, tender [or tender-hearted] towards him; and inclined to favour him [and to benefit him]: (S, Msb, K: [see also رَخِمَهُ and رَخَمَهُ:]) and he pardoned him, or forgave him: (K:) said of a man: (S, Msb, K:) and also of God [in the former sense, but tropically, or anthropopathically: or as meaning He favoured him, or benefited him; or pardoned, or forgave, him: see explanations of رَحْمَةٌ below]: (Msb, K:) and عَلَيْهِ ↓ ترحّم signifies the same, (MA, [and the same seems to be indicated in the S,]) said of a man: (S:) [and so does ↓ ترحّمهُ, (occurring in the S and K in art. رعى, &c.,) accord. to Ibn-Maaroof, for he says that] تَرَحُّمٌ signifies the regarding [another] with mercy or pity or compassion; or pardoning [him], or forgiving [him]: and also the being merciful or pitiful or compassionate or favourably inclined [عَلَى غَيْرِهِ to another]. (KL: but respecting this latter verb, see 2.) A2: رَحُمَتْ, and رَحِمَتْ, (S, K,) and رُحِمَتْ, (K,) inf. n. رَحَامَةٌ, (S, K,) which is of the first, (S, TA,) and رَحَمٌ, (S, K,) which is of the second, (S, TA,) and رَحْمٌ, (K,) which is of the third, (TA,) She had a complaint of her womb after bringing forth, (S, K,) and died in consequence thereof: (K:) said of a camel, (S, TA,) and of a ewe or goat, and of a woman, and of any animal having a womb: (TA:) or she had a disease in her womb, in consequence of which she did not receive impregnation: or she brought forth without letting fall her secundine: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Lh, the bringing forth without letting fall her secundine, by a sheep or goat, is termed ↓ رُحَامٌ. (TA.) b2: رَحِمَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. رَحَمٌ, is also said of a water-skin, meaning It was left, or neglected, by its owners, after its being seasoned with rob, [for غيته, in the phrase بعد غيته, an evident mistranscription, I read, conjecturally, تَمْتِينِهِ, as the only word at all resembling غيته, that I can call to mind, having an apposite signification,] and they did not anoint it, or grease it, so that it became spoilt, or in a bad state, and did not retain the water: the epithet applied to it in this case is ↓ رَحِمٌ. (TA.) b3: and رَحَامَةٌ is also an inf. n. [of which the verb, if it have one, is app. رَحُمَ,] signifying The being connected by relationship. (TA.) 2 رحّم عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَرْحِيمٌ; and ↓ ترحّم; but the former is the more chaste; He said to him, رَحِمَكَ اللّٰهُ [May God have mercy on thee; &c.]. (K.) 5 ترحّم عَلَيْهِ and ترحّمهُ: for both see 1; and for the former see also 2. [Accord. to different authorities, it appears that both may be rendered He had mercy, or pity, or compassion, on him; or he pitied, or compassionated, him: (see 1:) or he pitied him, or compassionated him, much: (see what follows:) and the former, he said to him, May God have mercy on thee; &c.; (see 2;) or he expressed a wish that God would have mercy on him; or he expressed pity, or compassion, for him: and also he affected, or constrained himself to have or to show, pity, or compassion.] Though تَرَحَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ is mentioned by J, and not رَحَّمّهُ, some say that the former is incorrect: and it is said that تَرَحُّمٌ implies self-constraint, and therefore is not to be attributed to God: but some repudiate this assertion, because it occurs in correct traditions, and because تَفَعُّلٌ is not restricted to the denoting peculiarly self-constraint, but has other properties, as in the instances of تَوَحُّدٌ and تَكَبُّرٌ, denoting intensiveness and muchness. (TA.) 6 تراحموا signifies رَحِمَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا [They had mercy, or pity, or compassion, one on another; &c.]. (S, TA.) 10 استرحمهُ He asked, or demanded, of him الرَّحْمَة [i. e. mercy, or pity, or compassion; &c.]. (TA.) رَحْمٌ: see its syn. رَحِمٌ, in two places.

رُحْمٌ: see its syn. رَحْمَةٌ. b2: [Hence,] أُمُّ رُحْمٍ

one of the names of Mekkeh; (S, K; *) as also أُمُّ الرُّحْمِ; (K;) meaning the source of الرَّحْمَة [or mercy, &c.]. (TA.) [See also زُحْمٌ.]

رِحْمٌ: see its syn. رَحِمٌ, in two places.

رَحَمٌ The coming forth of the womb, in consequence of a disease. (IAar, TA.) [See also رَحِمَتْ and رَحِمَ, of each of which it is an inf. n.]

رَحِمٌ The womb, i. e. the place of origin, (Mgh, Msb, K,) and the receptacle, (Mgh, K,) of the young, (Mgh, Msb, K,) in the belly; (Mgh;) as also ↓ رِحْمٌ, (Msb, K,) a contraction of the former, and ↓ رَحْمٌ, which is of the dial. of Benoo-Kiláb: (Msb:) in this sense, (Msb,) which is the primary signification, (Mgh,) [i. e.] as meaning the رَحِم of the female, (S,) it is fem.; (S, Msb;) or, as some say, masc.; (Msb;) but IB cites a verse in which رِحْم is fem.: (TA:) pl. أَرْحَامٌ. (MA.) b2: Hence, (Mgh, Msb,) as also ↓ رِحْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رَحْمٌ, (Msb,) (tropical:) Relationship; i. e. nearness of kin; syn. قَرَابَةٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) [by some restricted to relationship by the female side; as will be shown below:] and connexion by birth: (Mgh, Msb:) or relationship connecting with a father or an ancestor: or near relationship: so in the T: (TA:) or a connexion, or tie, of relationship: (A, TA:) or the ties of relationship: (M, K, TA:) accord. to the K, الرَّحِمُ signifies القَرَابَةُ or أَصْلُهَا and أَسْبَابُهَا: but in the M it is said, الرَّحِمُ أَسْبَابُ القَرَابَةِ وَأَصْلُهَا الرَّحِمُ الَّتِى هِىَ مَنْبِتُ الوَلَدِ; in which وَأَصْلُهَا forms no part of the explanation of الرحم, as the author of the K asserts it to do: (TA:) as meaning relationship, رحم is in most instances masc.: (Msb:) pl. as above. (K.) It is said in a holy tradition (حَدِيث قُدْسِىّ [i. e. an inspired or a revealed tradition]) that God said, when He created الرَّحِم [meaning “ relationship,” &c.], أَنَا الَّحْمٰنُ وَأَنْتَ الرَّحِمُ شَقَقْتُ اسْمَكَ مِنِ اسْمِى فَمَنْ وَصَلَكَ وَصَلْتُهُ وَمَنْ قَطَعَكَ قَطَعْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) [I am الرحمٰن and thou art الرحم: I have derived thy name from my name: therefore whoso maketh thee close, I will make him close; and who severeth thee, I will sever him]. (TA.) [وَصَلَ رَحِمَهُ means (assumed tropical:) He made close his tie, or ties, of relationship, by kind behaviour to his kindred: and قَطَعَ رَحِمَهُ, He severed his tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred: see art. وصل: and see also بَلَّ رَحِمَهُ, in the first paragraph of art. بل; and a verse there cited.] b3: ذُو الرَّحِمِ means (assumed tropical:) [The possessor of relationship, &c.; i. e.] the contr. of الأَجْنَبِىُّ: (Mgh, Msb:) the pl. ذَوُو الأَرْحَامِ, [or, as in the Kur viii. last verse, and xxxiii. 6, أُولُو الأَرْحَامِ,] in the classical language, means any relations: and in law, any relations that have no portion [of the inheritances termed فَرَائِض] and are not [such heirs as are designated by the appellation]

عَصَبَة [q. v.]; (KT, TA in art. ذو;) [i. e.,] with respect to the فَرَائِض, it means the relations by the women's side. (IAth, TA in the present art.) ذُو رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ and [some say] مُحَرَّمٍ [and ذُو رَحِمٍ

مَحْرَمٌ also (see art. حرم)] mean (assumed tropical:) A relation whom it is unlawful to marry, [whether male or female, the latter being included with the former, but the female, when particularly meant, is termed ذَاتُ رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ &c.,] such as the mother and the daughter and the sister and the paternal aunt and the maternal aunt [and the male relations of such degrees]: and most of the learned, of the Companions and of the generation following these, and Aboo-Haneefeh and his companions, and Ahmad [Ibn-Hambal], hold that when one possesses a person that is termed ذُو رَحِمٍ مَحْرَمٍ, this person becomes emancipated, whether male or female; but Esh-Sháfi'ee and others of the Imáms and of the Companions and of the generation following these hold that the children and the fathers and the mothers become emancipated, and not any others than these. (IAth, TA.) b4: [حَاسَّةُ رَحِمٍ means (assumed tropical:) A feeling of relationship or consanguinity, or sympathy of blood; and in like manner, elliptically, رَحِمٌ alone. You say, أَطَّتْ لَهُ مِنِّى حَاسَّةُ رَحِمٍ; expl. in art. حس: and أَطَّتْ لَهُ رَحِمِى; and أَطَّتْ بِكَ الرَّحِمُ; expl. in art. اط. b5: رَحِمٌ is also often used for فَرْجٌ or حَيَآءٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) The vulva: see, for exs., شُفْرٌ, and 1 in art. ظآر, and 8 in art. حوص.]

A2: As an epithet, with ة, applied to a she-camel: see رَحُومٌ. b2: And as an epithet without ة, applied to a water-skin: see 1, last sentence but one.

رُحُمٌ: see the next paragraph.

A2: It is also pl. of رَحُومٌ. (TA.) رَحْمَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رَحَمَةٌ (Sb, K) and ↓ رُحْمٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ رُحُمٌ, (S, K,) thus in a verse of Zuheyr, (S, TA,) and thus in the Kur xviii. 80 accord. to the reading of Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (TA,) and ↓ مَرْحَمَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) of which last مَرَاحِمُ is pl., (TA,) [all inf. ns.; when used as simple substs. signifying Mercy, pity, or compassion; i. e.] tenderness (S, Msb, K, and Bd on the بَسْمَلَة) of heart; (Bd ibid.;) and inclination to favour, (S, Msb, K,) or inclination requiring the exercise of favour and beneficence: (Bd ubi suprà:) and pardon, or forgiveness: (K:) accord. to Er-Rághib, رَحْمَةٌ signifies tenderness requiring the exercise of beneficence towards the object thereof: and it is used sometimes as meaning tenderness divested of any other attribute: and sometimes as meaning beneficence divested of tenderness; as when it is used as an attribute of the Creator: when used as an attribute of men, it means tenderness, and inclination to favour [without necessarily implying beneficence]: accord. to El-Káshánee, it is of two kinds; namely, gratuitous, and obligatory: the former is that which pours forth favours, or benefits, antecedently to works; and this is the رحمة that embraces everything: the obligatory is that which is promised to the pious and the doers of good, in the Kur vii. 155 and vii. 54: but this, he says, is included in the gratuitous, because the promise to bestow it for works is purely gratuitous: accord. to the explanation of the Imám Aboo-Is-hák Ahmad Ibn-Mohammad-Ibn-Ibráheem Eth-Thaalebee, it is God's desire to do good to the deserving thereof; so that it is an essential attribute: or the abstaining from punishing him who deserves punishment, and doing good to him who does not deserve [this]; so that it is an attribute of operation. (TA.) The saying in the Kur [xxi. 75] وَأَدْخَلْنَاهُ فِى رَحْمَتِنَا (tropical:) [And we caused him to enter into our mercy] is tropical: so says IJ. (TA.) b2: وَاللّٰهُ يَخْتَصُّ بِرَحْمَتِهِ مَنْ يَشَآءُ, in the Kur [ii. 99 and iii. 67], means (assumed tropical:) [And God distinguishes] with his gift of prophecy [whom He will], or his prophetic office or commission. (K, * TA.) b3: رَحْمَةٌ also means (assumed tropical:) Sustenance, or the means of subsistence: this is said to be its meaning as used in the Kur xli. 50. (TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Rain: (TA:) so in the Kur vii. 55. (Bd, Jel.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) Plenty; or abundance of herbage, and of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life: so in the Kur x. 22 and xxx. 35. (TA.) رَحَمَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رُحْمَى [The saying رَحِمَكَ اللّٰهُ May God have mercy on thee; &c.;] a subst. from رَحَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [like بُقْيَا from أَبْقَى عَلَيْهِ]. (K.) رَحْمَآءُ: see رَحُومٌ.

الرَّحْمٰنُ [thus generally written when it has the article ال prefixed to it, but in other cases رَحْمَانُ, imperfectly decl.,] and ↓ الرَّحِيمُ are names [or epithets] applied to God: (TA:) [the former, considered as belonging to a large class of words expressive of passion or sensation, such as غَضْبَانُ and عَطْشَانُ &c., but, being applied to God, as being used tropically, or anthropopathically, may be rendered The Compassionate: ↓ the latter, considered as expressive of a constant attribute with somewhat of intensiveness, agreeably with analogy, may be rendered the Merciful: but they are variously explained: it is said that] they are both names [or epithets] formed to denote intensiveness of signification, from رَحِمَ; like الغَضْبَانُ from غَضِبَ, and العَلِيمُ from عَلِمَ; and الرَّحْمَةُ, in the proper language, is “ tenderness of heart,” and “ inclination requiring the exercise of favour and beneficence; ” but the names of God are only to be taken [or understood] with regard to the ultimate imports, which are actions, exclusively of the primary imports, which may be passions: and the former is more intensive in signification than the latter; the former including in its objects the believer and the unbeliever, and ↓ the latter having for its peculiar object the believer: (Bd on the بَسْمَلَة:) accord. to J, (TA,) they are two names [or epithets] derived from الرَّحْمَةُ, and are like نَدْمَانُ and نَدِيمٌ, and are syn.; the repetition being allowable when the [mode of] derivation is different, for the purpose of corroboration: (S, TA:) or the repetition is because the former is Hebrew, [originally 165,] and ↓ the latter is Arabic: (I'Ab, TA:) but the former is applicable to God only; though Museylimeh the Liar was called رَحْمَانُ اليَمَامَةِ; (S, TA;) and it is said to mean the Possessor of the utmost degree of الرَّحْمَة; and accord. to Zj, is a name of God mentioned in the most ancient books: (TA:) whereas ↓ the latter is syn. with

↓ الرَّاحِمُ: (S, TA:) or [rather] ↓ رَاحِمٌ is the act. part. n. [signifying having mercy, &c.], and ↓ رَحِيمٌ has an intensive signification [i. e. having much mercy, &c.]: (Msb:) the latter is applied also to a man; and so is ↓ رَحُومٌ, in the same sense, and likewise to a woman: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ رَحِيمٌ is رُحَمَآءُ; (Msb, TA;) occurring in the trad., إِنَّمَا يَرْحَمُ اللّٰهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الرُّحَمَآءَ, or الرُّحَمَآءُ, as related by different persons; [i. e. God has mercy on the merciful only of his servants, or verily those on whom God has mercy, of his servants, are the merciful;] الرحماء being in the accus. case as the objective complement of يرحم, and in the nom. case as the enunciative of ما in the sense of الَّذِى. (Msb.) رَحَمُوتٌ is from رَحْمَةٌ, [with which it is syn.,] (S, TA,) but it is used only coupled with its like in form: (K, TA:) one says, رَهَبُوتٌ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ رَحَمُوتٍ [Fear is better for thee than pity, or compassion], meaning thy being feared is better than thy being pitied, or compassionated: (S, K: but in the former, without لك:) or, accord. to Mbr, ↓ رَهَبُوتَى خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمُوتَى. (Meyd. [See art. رهب.]) رَحَمُوتَى: see what next precedes.

رُحَامٌ: see 1, last sentence but two.

رَحُومٌ (Lh, S, K) and ↓ رَحْمَآءُ, (K,) applied to a she-camel, (Lh, S, TA,) and to a ewe or she-goat, and to a woman, (TA,) [and app. to any animal having a womb, (see رَحُمَتْ)] Having a complaint of her womb (Lh, S, M, K) after bringing forth, (Lh, S, K,) and dying in consequence thereof; (K;) and ↓ رَحِمَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, signifies the same: the pl. of رَحُومٌ is رُحُمٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) b2: For the first, see also الرَّحْمٰنُ, near the end of the paragraph.

رَحِيمُ: see الرَّحْمٰنُ, in seven places. b2: Sometimes it is syn. with ↓ مَرْحُومٌ [i. e. Treated, or regarded, with mercy or pity or compassion; &c.: see 1, first sentence]: 'Amelles Ibn-'Akeel says, (using it in this sense, Ham p. 628,) فَأَمَّا إِذَا عَضَّتْ بِكَ الحَرْبُ عَضَّةً فَإِنَّكَ مَعْطُوفٌ عَلَيْكَ رَحِيمُ (S, and Ham,) i. e. [But at all events,] when war becomes [once] severe to thee, and thine enemy has almost overcome thee, [verily thou art regarded with favour,] treated with mercy, and defended, by us. (Ham.) رَاحِمٌ: see الرَّحْمٰنُ, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph. b2: Also, applied to a ewe, and to a she-goat, Having the womb swollen. (Lh, K.) أَرْحَمُ [More, and most, merciful, &c.]. God is أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمينَ [The Most Merciful of those that have mercy]. (TA.) مَرْحَمَةٌ: see رَحْمَةٌ.

مُرَحَّمٌ [Treated, or regarded, with much mercy or pity or compassion; &c.]: it is with teshdeed to denote intensiveness of the signification. (S, TA.) b2: [See also 2, of which it is the pass. part. n.]

مَرْحُومٌ: see رَحِيمٌ. b2: المَرْحُومَةُ is a name of El-Medeeneh. (K.) b3: [And المَرْحُومُ, which may be rendered The object of God's mercy, is commonly used in the present day as an epithet applied to the person, whoever he be, that has died in what is believed to be the true faith; as though meaning merely the deceased.]

رحو and رحى1 رَحَتِ الحَيَّةُ, (S, K,) aor. ـْ (S) [and app. تَرْحَى also (see رَحْيَةٌ)]; and ↓ ترحّت; (S, K;) The serpent turned round about, (S, K, TA,) and twisted, or wound, or coiled, itself; ISd adds, كَالرَّحّى [i. e. like the mill, or millstone]; for which reason it is said to be إِحْدّى بَنَاتِ طِبَقٍ. (TA.) A2: رَحَوْتُ الرَّحَا or الرَّحَى, (S, K,) inf. n. رَحْوٌ; (TA;) and رَحَيْتُهَا, (S, K,) inf. n. رَحْىٌ; (TA;) I turned round the رحا or رحى [i. e. the mill, or mill-stone]: (S, K:) or I made it: (K:) in the K, the latter verb is said to be extr.; but not so in the T or S or M: in the M it is said to be the more common. (TA.) A3: And رَحَاهُ He magnified him, or honoured him. (IAar, TA.) 5 تَ1َ2َّ3َ see above, first sentence.

رَحًى (S, Msb, K, &c.) and رَحًا, (Msb, * K,) the former of which is the more approved, (TA,) and some say ↓ رَحَآءٌ, (S,) A mill; syn. طَاحُونٌ: (Msb:) [and] a mill-stone; i. e. the great round stone with which one grinds: (TA:) of the fem. gender: (Zj, S, Msb, K:) dual of the first رَحَيَانِ, (S, Msb, K,) and of the second رَحَوَانِ, (Msb, * K,) and of the third, رَحَاآنِ: (S:) the pl. (of pauc., S) of رَحًى (Msb) [and of رَحًا] is أَرْحٍ and (of mult., S) أَرْحَآءٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which latter is the pl. that is preferred accord. to IAmb, (Msb,) and رُحِىٌّ and رِحِىٌّ, (Msb, K, TA,) with damm and with kesr (Msb, TA) to the ر (Msb,) [for the last of which رَحِىٌّ is substituted in the CK,] and أُرْحِىٌّ, (K, TA,) with damm, and with kesr to the ح and teshdeed to the ى (TA,) [in the CK أَرْحِىٌّ,] and أَرْحِيَةٌ, (Msb, K,) which is extr., (K,) said by AHát to be wrong, and by IAmb to be anomalous, and by Zj to be not allowable, (Msb,) in the T said to be as though it were a pl. pl., (TA,) or it is pl. of رَحَآءٌ [and therefore regular]: (S:) the dim. is ↓ رُحَيَّةٌ. (Zj, Msb.) رَحَا اليَدِ [or رَحَى اليَدِ] signifies The hand-mill. (MA.) b2: [Hence, A molar tooth, or grinder:] i. q. ضِرْسٌ; (S, Msb, K;) pl. أَرْحَآءٌ i. q. أَضْرَاسٌ: (S:) [or rather] the أَرْحَآء, also called the طَوَاحِن, are the twelve teeth, three on each side [above and below], next after the ضَوَاحِك [or bicuspids]. (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán. ”) b3: [And app. A roller with which land is rolled to crush the clods; as being likened to a mill-stone: see 1 in art. ختم, near the end of the paragraph.] b4: Stones: and a great rock, or mass of stone. (TA.) b5: A round piece of ground, rising above what surrounds it, (S, K,) about as large in extent as a mile: (K:) pl. أَرْحَآءٌ: (K, TA:) or this latter, i. e. the pl., signifies pieces of rugged ground, less than mountains, round, and rising above what surrounds them: (M, TA:) or رَحًا مِنَ الأَرْضِ means a round and rugged place [or piece of ground] among sands: (Sh, TA:) or a large and rugged [elevation such as is termed]

قَارَة or أَكَمَة, round, rising above what surrounds it, not spreading upon the surface of the earth, nor producing herbs, or leguminous plants, nor trees. (ISh, TA.) b6: A round cloud; [as being likened to a mill-stone;] (A in art. رجح:) or so رَحَى سَحَابٍ. (S.) b7: The كِرْكِرَة [or callous protuberance upon the breast] of a camel; (T, S, K;) so called because of its roundness: (TA:) pl. أَرْحَآءٌ: (K:) which likewise signifies the callous protuberances upon the knees of the camel. (T, TA.) b8: The foot (فِرْسِن) of the camel and of the elephant: pl. أَرْحَآءٌ. (M, K.) b9: A دَائِرَة [app. meaning a circling border] around the nail. (TA.) b10: The breast, or chest: pl., as in the other senses following, أَرْحَآءٌ. (K.) b11: Spinage, or spinach; (M, K;) because of the roundness of its leaves. (TA.) b12: (tropical:) A collective body of the members of a household. (ISd, K, TA.) b13: (tropical:) An independent tribe: (K, TA:) أَرْحَآءٌ (which is its pl., K, TA) signifies (tropical:) independent tribes, that are in no need of others. (S, TA.) b14: (assumed tropical:) A large number of camels, crowding, or pressing, together; (S, K, TA;) also called طَحَّانَةٌ: (S, TA:) or رَحَا الإِبِلِ means the collective herd of the camels: and in like manner, رَحَا القَوْمِ the collective body of the people, or party. (ISk, TA.) b15: رَحَى القَوْمِ signifies [also] (tropical:) The chief of the people, or party. (T, S, M, K, TA.) [It is added in the TA that 'Omar Ibn-El-Khattáb was called رَحَى الحَرْبِ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) The chief of war; because of his warlike propensities: but it seems from what here follows, as well as from what precedes, that this may be a mistranscription, for رَحَى القَوْمِ or رَحَى العَرَبِ.] b16: رَحَى الحَرْبِ signifies (tropical:) The most vehement part [or the thickest] of the fight; syn. حَوْمَتُهَا: (S, Msb:) in the K it is said that الرَّحَى signifies حَوْمَةُ الحَرْبِ, and مُعْظَمُهُ; as also ↓ المَرْحَى: but it seems that there is an omission; for الحرب is [generally] fem., and in the M it is said that رَحَى المَوْتِ signifies مُعْظَمُهُ [app. meaning the main stress, or the thickest, of death in battle]. (TA.) In a saying relating to 'Alee's having made an end of الجَمَلِ ↓ مَرْحَي, this expression is expl. by A 'Obeyd as meaning The place around which revolved the thickest of the fight (المَوْضِعُ الَّذِي دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِ رَحَي الحَرْبِ) [in the Battle of the Camel]. (TA.) And دَارَتْ عَلَيْهِ رَحَي المَوْتِ [which may be rendered (assumed tropical:) The main stress of death beset him round about] meansdeath befell him. (Msb, TA.) رَحْيَةٌ [or حَيَّةٌ رَحْيَةٌ meaning A serpent folding, or coiling, itself, so as to resemble a neck-ring]: see رَحَّةٌ, in art. رح.

رَحَآءٌ: see رَحًي, first sentence.

رُحَيَّةٌ dim. of رَحًي, q. v. (Zj, Msb.) قَصْعَةٌ رَحَّآءُ A shallow, or a wide, [bowl such as is termed] قصعة. (TA. [It is there mentioned in art. رحو, but belongs to art. رح q. v.]) مَرْحًي A place of a mill or mill-stone. (MA.) b2: See also رَحًي (near the end of the paragraph), in two places. b3: [Accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán of the Hudhalees as meaning (assumed tropical:) A place where any one stands firmly.]

مُرَحٍ A maker of mills or mill-stones. (K, TA.) A2: And Moisture in the ground to the extent of a palm. (AHn, TA.)

فضخ

1 فَضَخَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. فَضْخٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He broke a hollow thing [or the like], (Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) such as a head, and a melon; (A, TA,) syn. كَسَرَ: (Msb. K, TA;) as also ↓ افتضخ: (K, TA:) he broke, or crushed, syn. شَدَخَ, (S, K, TA,) a person's head, (S, TA,) and a fresh ripe date, and the like; (TA,) as also ↓ افتضخ: (K, TA:) or he struck a person's head [and wounded it] so that the brains came forth: (Msb:) and [particularly] he crushed (شَدَخَ) fullgrown unripe dates [to make the beverage called فَضِيخ]; and so ↓ افتضخ: (S:) or البُسْرَ ↓ افتضخ he made, or made for himself, the beverage called نَبِيذ [or فَضِيخ] of the full-grown unripe dates. (A.) b2: And He ruptured, or broke, or rent open, an eye, (Az, K, TA,) and a belly, and any receptacle containing oil or beverage. (Az, TA.) b3: And فَضْخُ المَآءِ signifies The pouring forth of water, (K, TA,) and of the seminal fluid; occurring in the latter sense in a trad. (TA.) b4: and يَفْضَخُ شَارِبَهُ, said of a beverage, (K, TA,) such as is termed فَضِيح, (TA,) means (assumed tropical:) It subdues (يَكْسِرُ) and intoxicates its drinker. (K, TA.) 4 افضخ, said of a raceme, or bunch, (عُنْقُود,) [of dates or the like,] It attained to the time, (L, K,) and became in a fit state, for the crushing of the fruit and (L) for the expressing of the juice. (L, K.) 7 انفضخ [It (a hollow thing or the like, such as a head, and a melon,) became broken, or crushed: (see 1:) or] it (a person's head) was struck [and wounded] so that the brains came forth: (Msb:) and it (a camel's hump) became broken, or crushed. (S, K.) b2: انفضخت It (an eye) became ruptured, broken, or rent open. (L.) And انفضخ It (a full skin) slit, or burst, and let flow its contents. (L.) And the former, It (a قَارُورَة [i. e. flask, or bottle,]) broke, and became empty. (L.) And It (a دَلْو [or leathern bucket]) poured forth the water that was in it: (L, K:) and so انفضجت. (L.) And It (a قَرْحَة [i. e. purulent pustule, or the like,]) opened, (A, L, K,) and discharged its fluid, (L,) or and became wide. (K.) b3: And انفضخ said of a man, He wept much, (K, TA,) and shed copious tears. (TA.) b4: And It (anything) became wide. (L.) 8 إِفْتَضَخَ see 1, in four places.

فَضُوخٌ Beverage that subdues (يَكْسِرُ) and intoxicates its drinker. (L, K.) See the next paragraph.

فَضِيحٌ A beverage (S, A, Mgh, K) of the kind called نَبِيذ (A) prepared from full-grown unripe dates, (S, A, Mgh, K,) crushed, (K,) without its being touched [i. e. boiled or heated in any degree] by fire: (S:) or prepared by putting dried dates into a vessel, and then pouring upon them hot water, which extracts their sweetness, after which the preparation is boiled, and becomes strong: it is like بَاذَق in respect of the legal predicament to which it belongs: but if cooked in the least degree, it is like مُثَلَّث. (KT.) A rájiz says, بَالَ سُهَيْلٌ فِى الفَضِيخِ فَفَسَدْ expl. in art. بول. (L.) Ibn-'Omar, being asked respecting فَضِيخ, said, “It is not فَضِيخ, but ↓ فَضُوخ; ” meaning that it subdues and intoxicates its drinker. (Mgh, * L.) b2: Also Expressed juice of grapes. (L, K.) b3: And Milk mixed with a greater quantity of water, (K, TA,) so that it has become thin, and is white, like ضَيْحٌ and خَضَارٌ &c. (TA.) مِفْضَخَةٌ A stone with which full-grown unripe dates are crushed. (K.) b2: And مَفَاضِخُ [of which it is app. the sing.] signifies Vessels for the beverage called فَضِيخُ, (L, K,) in which it is left to become [fermented and] strong. (L.) b3: and the former signifies also A wide دَلْو [or leathern bucket]. (K.)

جرو

4 أَجْرَتْ [in its primary sense app. signifies She (a bitch, and any female beast of prey,) whelped; or had a whelp, or whelps: see مُجْرٍ. (Accord. to Golius, as on the authority of J, Cum fœtu abiit vel asportavit eum fera: but I have not found it in any copy of the S, nor in any other lexicon.) b2: And hence,] said of a tree (شَجَرَةٌ), It had upon it [fruits such as are termed] جِرَآء [pl. of جِرْوٌ]; (As, TA;) said [ for instance] of a مَوْزَة [or banana-tree]: (AHn, TA in art. موز:) and [in like manner] said of a herb, or leguminous plant, (بَقْلَةٌ,) it had جِرَآء; (K in art. جرى; [in the CK, erroneously, جَراء;]) belonging to the present art., not to art. جرى. (TA.) جِرْوٌ and جُرْوٌ and جَرْوٌ (of which the first is the most chaste, Msb) The whelp, or young one, of the dog, (S, Msb, K,) [and so, app., ↓ جِرْوَةٌ, q. v.,] and of the lion, (K,) and of any beast of prey: (S, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْرٍ, (S, K,) originally أَجْرُوٌ, (S,) and أَجْرِيَةٌ (Lh, K) and أَجْرَآءٌ (K) and [of mult.] جِرَآءٌ; (S, K;) أَجْرِيَةٌ, as pl. of جرو, being anomalous; (TA;) or it is pl. of جِرَآءٌ [and therefore not anomalous]. (S, TA.) b2: And the same, (K,) or the first of these, (S, El-Bári', Msb, TA,) only, (TA,) (tropical:) The small of anything, (El-Bári', Msb, K, TA,) as also ↓ جِرْوَةٌ; (TA;) even, (K,) of the colocynth, (As, S, K,) and of the melon, and the like; (K;) as, for instance, (TA,) of the pomegranate, (S, TA,) and of the poppy, (AHn, TA in art. عتر,) and of the بَاذَنْجَان, (TA,) and of the cucumber, (S, TA,) as also ↓ جِرْوَةٌ, (S, Msb,) likened to the whelps of dogs, because of their softness and smoothness: (Msb:) or what is round of the fruits of trees; as the colocynth and the like: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أجْرٍ (Msb, K, TA [in the CK, erroneously, اَجْرُؤٌ]) and [of mult.] جِرَآءٌ. (As, Msb, K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Fruit when it first grows forth, (AHn, K,) in its fresh, juicy, state. (AHn, TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) The seeds, (M, TA,) or envelope, or receptacle, of the seeds, (K,) of the كَعَابِير [app. meaning the round and compact pericarps (in some of the copies of the K, erroneously, as is observed in the TA, عكابير,)] that are at the heads of branches. (M, K.) b5: (tropical:) A tumour in a camel's hump; and in the withers; so called by way of comparison [to a whelp]: (TA:) and in the fauces. (K.) b6: See also what next follows, last sentence.

جِرْوَةٌ: see جِرْوٌ, in three places. A huntsman beat, or disciplined, or trained, his dog for the purpose of the chase (ضَرَبَهُ عَلَى الصَّيْدِ); and thereupon it was said, ضَرَبَ جِرْوَتَهُ [app. meaning He beat, or disciplined, or trained, his whelp]: and hence this phrase became proverbially used, in instances here following. (Z, TA.) b2: I. q.

نَفْسٌ [as meaning Self]. (TA.) You say, ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ جِرْوَتَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He disposed and subjected himself to it; (S, TA;) namely, a thing, an affair, or a case: and he endured it with patience: and in like manner, ضَرَبَ جِرْوَةَ نَفْسِهِ: (TA:) and أَلْقَى فُلَانٌ جرْوَتَهُ he endured the thing with patience. (S, TA.) Also ضَرَبْتُ جِرْوَتِى عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) I endured with patience the want, or loss, of it: (TA:) or my mind became at ease [respecting it]. (AA, IB, TA.) A2: Also (K, TA, [in the CK ↓ جِرْوٌ,]) (tropical:) A short she-camel. (K, TA.) مُجْرٍ and مُجْرِيَةٌ applied to a bitch, (S, K,) and a female beast of prey, (TA,) Having a whelp, or young one: (K:) or having with her her whelps, or young ones. (S.) El-Aalam says, لَحْمِى إِلَى أَجْرٍ حَوَاشِبْ وَتَجُرُّ مُجْرِيَةٌ لَهَا And a hyena having young ones shall drag for her my flesh to young ones with swollen bellies, and short. (Skr p. 57.)

عضل

1 عَضَلَهَا, (As, S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and عَضِلَ; (As, S, O, Msb;) or it is مُثَلَّثَة, (K,) i. e. the aor. is عَضُلَ and ?? and عَضَلَ, the first of which is the most chaste and most known, and the second is mentioned by such as IKtt and ISd, whereas the last is unknown and there is no reason for it; (MF;) or the author of the K may mean by this that the verb is like نَصَرَ and ضَرَبَ and عَلِمَ, not مَنَعَ as one might understand it to mean at first sight; (TA; [but I do not find that any one has mentioned عَضِلَهَا;]) inf. n. عَضْلٌ (As, S, O, Msb, K) and عِضْلٌ and عِضْلَانٌ; (Fr, O, K;) and ↓ عضّلها, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَعْضِيلٌ; (TA;) He prevented, withheld, or debarred, her from marrying, (As, S, O, Msb, K, [الزَّوْجُ in the CK being a mistake for الزَّوْجَ,]) wrongfully; (K;) i. e., a woman, (K,) or his husbandless woman, (S, O,) or a woman highly esteemed by him. (Msb.) The primary signification of العَضْلُ is The act of straitening; (O;) or preventing, withholding, or debarring; and straitening. (Ham p. 466.) b2: عَضَلَ عَلَيْهِ: see 2. b3: عَضَلَ بِهِ: see 4.

A2: عَضَلْتُهُ, inf. n. عَضْلٌ, I struck his عَضَلَة [i. e. muscle]. (TA.) A3: عَضِلَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. عَضَلٌ, said of a man, (S, O,) [He was, or became, muscular, musculous, or brawny;] he had many عَضَلَات (S) or عَضَل (O, K) [i. e. muscles]: or he was large in the عَضَلَة [or muscle] of his shank. (K.) 2 عَضَّلَ see 1, first sentence. b2: عضّل عَلَيْهِ, inf. n. تَعْضيلٌ; (S, O, TA;) or عليه ↓ عَضَلَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. عَضْلٌ; (TA;) He straitened him (S, O, K, TA) in his affair, (S, O,) and intervened as an obstacle between him and that which he desired. (S, O, TA.) b3: عضّل الشَّىْءُ The thing was, or became, strait. (TA.) b4: عَضَّلَتْ, (S, O,) or عَضَّلَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا, (K,) inf. n. تَعْضِيلٌ; (S;) and ↓ أَعْضَلَتْ; (K;) said of a woman, (S, O, K,) and of a ewe or goat, (S, O,) She had her child, or young one, sticking fast [in her vagina], (S, O, TA,) and not coming forth easily, (S, O,) or so that part of it came forth and part did not, thus remaining: (TA:) or she had difficulty in bringing forth her child, or young one: (K, * TA:) and in like manner one says of a hen (K, TA) بِبَيْضِهَا, (TA,) and of others: (K, TA:) عضّلت [said of any bird] meaning the egg twisted, or became difficult [to be excluded] in her inside: (TA in art. عصل:) or عضّلت بولدها, said of a woman, means her child became choked in her vulva, and did not come forth nor go in [or back]: (Aboo-Málik, TA:) and عَضَّلَهَا وَلَدُهَا, occurring in a trad., said of a gazelle, means Her young one made her to be such as is termed مُعَضِّلَة, by sticking fast in her belly, not coming forth. (IAth, TA.) b5: and [hence,] عَضَّلَتِ الأَرْضُ بِأَهْلِهَا (tropical:) The land became choked with its people, (S, O, K, TA,) by reason of their multitude. (TA.) And عضّل المَكَانُ (tropical:) The place became strait, (K, TA,) بِهِمْ with them. (TA.) b6: See also 4. b7: عَضَّلَتِ النَّاقَةُ The she-camel became fatigued in consequence of travelling, and being ridden, and from any work. (TA.) 4 اعضل It (an affair) was, or became, hard, strait, or difficult, syn. اِشْتَدَّ; (S, O, Msb;) and as though it were closed against one syn. اِسْتَغْلَقَ. (S, O.) You say, اعضل بِهِ الأَمْرُ, (K, TA,) and به ↓ عَضَلَ, (IDrd, O, K,) and به ↓ عَضَّلَ, (TA, and Ham p. 258,) and اعضلهُ, (K, TA,) The affair was, or became, hard, strait, or difficult, to him, syn. اشتدّ; (IDrd, O, K, TA, and Ham ubi suprà) and as though it were closed against him, syn. استغلق. (TA.) b2: And أَعْضَلَنِى فُلَانٌ, (S,) or اعضل بِى, (O,) Such a one's affair, or case, wearied me. (S, O.) Hence the phrase, in a trad. of 'Omar, أَعْضَلَ بِى أَهْلُ الكُوفَةِ, (O,) i. e. [The people of El-Koofeh have caused that] the means of effecting my object in their affair, or case, have become strait to me, (O, TA,) and the treating them with gentleness has become difficult to me: (TA:) from عُضَالٌ, (O, TA,) as applied to a disease, (O,) or as meaning a “ hard,” or “ difficult,” affair, “which one will not undertake,” or “ [be able to] manage. ” (TA.) One says of a disease [such as is termed عُضَال], اعضل الأَطِبَّآءَ, and ↓ تَعَضَّلَهُمْ, It overcame the physicians, (K, TA,) and wearied them. (TA.) b3: See also 2.5 تَعَضَّلَ see the next preceding paragraph. Q. Q. 4 اِعْضَأَلَّتِ الشَّجَرَةُ The tree had many branches, and was tangled, or luxuriant, or dense. (S, K.) But [its part. n.] مُعْضَئِلَّة, applied to branches, in a verse cited by J [in the S], is said by Az to be correctly مُعْطَئِلَّة, meaning نايمة [app. a mistranscription نَاعِمَة i. e. soft, &c.]. (TA.) See Q. Q. 4 in arts. عطل and عظل.

عِضْلٌ, applied to a man, Very cunning; or possessing much intelligence or sagacity, or much intelligence mixed with craft and forecast. (IAar, K, * TA.) b2: And Very bad, evil, foul, or unseemly; as also ↓ مُعْضِلٌ; (IAar, K, TA;) applied to a thing. (IAar, TA.) عَضَلٌ: see عَضَلَةٌ.

A2: Also, (O, K, TA,) accord. to the context in the S, (K, TA,) and as written in all the copies, (TA,) with damm to the ع, but it is only with fet-h to that letter and to the ض, (K, TA,) and thus it is written by IAar and other leading lexicologists, (TA,) The [large species of rat called] جُرَذ: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to IAar, the male of the فَأْر [or rat]: (TA, and T in art. فأر:) pl. عِضْلَانٌ. (Aboo-Nasr, S, O, K.) [See also عَظَلٌ.]

عَضِلٌ, (S, O, K,) and accord. to the K عَضُلٌ, but correctly ↓ عُضُلٌّ, (TA,) applied to a man, (S, O,) [Muscular, musculous, or brawny;] having many عَضَلَات (S) or عَضَل (O, K) [i. e. muscles]: or large in the عَضَلَة [or muscle] of his shank. (K) b2: And عَضِلَةٌ, applied to a woman, Compact in flesh, and unseemly, or devoid of beauty. (TA.) A2: See also عُضَالٌ.

عُضْلَةٌ A calamity, or misfortune: pl. عُضَلٌ (S, O, K) and عُضْلٌ [which latter may be a coll. gen. n.]. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَعُضْلَةٌ مِنَ العُضَلِ Verily it is a calamity of the calamities [meaning a great calamity]. (S, O.) عَضَلَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ عَضِيلَةٌ (K) [A muscle; or any of what are termed the voluntary muscles; i. e.] any tendon, or sinew, with which is thick flesh; (K;) or any collected and compact flesh upon a tendon or sinew: and particularly of the shank: (S, O:) pl. ↓ عَضَلٌ, (S, O, K, *) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. properly so termed is] عَضَلَاتٌ. (S.) A2: Also the former, accord. to AA, A certain tree resembling the دِفْلَى, which the camels eat, after which they drink water every day: but Az says that he thinks it be عَصَلَة, [n. un. of عَصَلٌ, q. v.,] with the unpointed ص; and what he says is correct. (O.) عُضُلٌّ: see عَضِلٌ.

عُضَالٌ, applied to a disease, (S, O, Msb, K,) Severe, or distressing, (S, O, Msb,) that wearies the physicians; (S, O;) as also ↓ عَضِلٌ and ↓ عَضِيلٌ: (O:) or wearing and overcoming: (K:) or, so applied, hateful, that attacks suddenly, and is not slow to kill; the treatment of which wearies the physicians: (Sh, TA:) or that frustrates the ability of the physicians, there being no cure for it. (IAth, TA.) And in like manner it is applied to an affair [as meaning That wearies him who would perform it]: (S, O:) or meaning hard, or difficult, which one will not undertake, or [be able to] manage; and in like manner ↓ مُعَضِّلٌ [or ↓ مُعْضِلٌ]: or, as some say, the affair [that is hard, or difficult,] is termed عُضَالٌ in its first state; and معضل [i. e. ↓ مُعَضِّلٌ or ↓ مُعْضِلٌ] when it is obligatory. (TA.) and حَلْفَةٌ عُضَالٌ means A hard, or severe, oath, in which is no exception: (K:) or, accord. to IAar, in the phrase حَلَفْتُ عُضَالًا, the latter word signifies a wonderful calamity; and the phrase means I swore an oath that was a severe calamity. (TA.) عَضِيلٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَضِيلَةٌ: see عَضَلَةٌ.

عِضْيَلٌّ Base, ignoble, or mean; narrow [or illiberal] in disposition. (O, K.) مُعْضِلٌ, applied to an affair, [Hard, strait, or difficult; (see its verb, 4, first sentence;)] such that one cannot find the way to perform it. (S, O.) See also عُضَالٌ, in two places. b2: And see مُعَضِّلٌ: b3: and عِضْلٌ.

مُعْضِلَةٌ [as a subst.] sing. of مُعْضِلَاتٌ (TA) which signifies Hard, or distressing, events: (S, O, K, TA:) and معضلة [app. accord. to the context ↓ مُعَضِّلَةٌ] a hard, or difficult, or strait, calamity. (Ham p. 258.) Also, and ↓ مُعَضِّلَةٌ, An affair, or a case, that is strait in respect of the ways of getting out therefrom. (TA.) [Hence,] أَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنْ كُلِّ مُعْضِلَةٍ لَيْسَ لَهَا أَبُو حَسَنٍ, (O, TA,) or, as some relate it, ↓ مُعَضِّلَةٍ, (TA,) is a saying of 'Omar, (so in the O, but in the TA “ in the trad. of Ibn-'Omar,”) who meant thereby [I seek protection by God from] every difficult question or case [for which there is no Aboo-Hasan; meaning, no one such as 'Alee the son of Aboo-Tálib, who was surnamed أَبُو الحَسَنِ, and was celebrated for his answers to what are termed المَسَائِلُ المُعْضِلَات, as is related by En-Nawawee, in his Biographical Dictionary (p. 437)]: (O, TA:) ابو حسن, though determinate, is put in the place of that which is indeterminate. (IAth, TA.) مُعَضَّلٌ [from عَضَلَةٌ “ a muscle ”] Rendered firm, strong, or compact, in make: such, it is said, was the Prophet. (TA.) مُعَضِّلٌ (S, O, K) and مُعَضِّلَةٌ (S, O) and ↓ مُعْضِلٌ (K) are epithets applied to a woman (S, O, K) and to a sheep or goat (S, O) and in like manner to a hen and to others; (K;) meaning Having her child, or young one, sticking fast [in her vagina], and not coming forth easily: (S, O:) or having difficulty in bringing forth her child, or young one: (K:) [&c.: see 2:] accord. to Lh, مُعَضِّلَةٌ signifies whose child, or young one, will not come forth, so that she dies: and Lth says that مُعَضِّلٌ is applied to a قَطَاة as meaning whose eggs stick fast [in her]; but Az says that the epithet applied by the Arabs to a قطاة is مُطَرِّقٌ: (TA:) the pl. applied to sheep or goats is ↓ مَعَاضِيلُ [irreg.]. (O.) b2: See also عُضَالٌ, in two places. b3: مُعَضِّلٌ applied to an arrow: see مُعَصِّلٌ.

مُعَضِّلَةٌ [as a subst.] see مُعْضِلَةٌ, in three places.

مَعَاضِيلُ: see مُعَضِّلٌ.

طلق

1 طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ inf. n. طُلُوقٌ, (Msb,) The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or cord, by which her fore shank and her arm had been bound together. (S, Mgh.) And طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ إِلَى المَآءِ [The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ (Az, As, S, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ, (Az, TA,) aor. as above, (As, TA,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ (Az, As, S, TA) and طُلُوقٌ, (Az, S, TA,) the camels were, or became, loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, (Az, As, S, TA,) and were left to pasture while going thither: and the subst. is طَلَقٌ [q. v.]. (Az, S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] طَلَقَتْ, (IAar, Th, S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or طَلَقَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (Th, S, O, Msb, K;) and طَلُقَتْ also; (IAar, Th, Mgh, Msb;) the latter of which is preferable, but the former is allowable; (IAar, TA;) or the latter is the more common; (Th, TA;) but accord. to to Akh, the latter is not allowable; (S, O, TA;) inf. n. طَلَاقٌ, (Th, S, Mgh, O, K,) or [properly طَلْقٌ, for it is said that] طَلَاقٌ is the subst., (Msb,) [or] طَلَاقٌ is also a subst. syn. with تَطْلِيقٌ, [as will be expl. below,] as well as inf. n. of طَلُقَتْ and طَلَقَتْ;) (Mgh;) said of a woman; (IAar, Th, S, &c.;) (tropical:) She was, or became, [divorced, or] left to go her way, (O,) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) b3: And طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ, inf. n. طُلُوقٌ and طُلُوقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, eloquent, or chaste in speech, and sweet therein. (Msb. [See also طَلْقٌ: and see 7.]) b4: And طَلُقَ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (S, O,) or طُلُوقَةٌ and طُلُوقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, (K, TA,) in face, or countenance: (S, O, K, TA:) or, inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) it (the face, or countenance,) was, or became, cheerful, or happy, (MA, Msb,) the contr. of frowning or contracted, (Mgh,) displaying openness and pleasantness; (Msb;) and ↓ تطلّق signifies the same; (MA, Mgh;) as also ↓ انطلق; (Mgh;) syn. انبسط; (K;) whence the saying, ↓ يَنْبَغِى لِلْقَاضِى أَنْ يُنْصِفَ الخَصْمَيْنِ وَلَا يَنْطَلِقُ بوَجْهِهِ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) [It behooves the judge to treat with equity the two adversaries in litigation, and] he shall not speak to one of them with a cheerful countenance (بِوَجْهٍ طَلْقٍ) and with sweet speech, not doing this to the other: or it may be from الاِنْطِلَاقُ signifying “ the going away,” and may hence mean, and he shall not turn his face, or pay regard, to one of them [in preference to the other]. (Mgh.) b5: And طَلُقَ, inf. n. طُلُوقَةٌ and طَلَاقَةٌ, said of a day, (tropical:) It was, or became, such as is termed طَلْقٌ; i. e. [temperate,] neither hot nor cold; [&c.; see طَلْقٌ;] and in like manner طَلُقَت is said of a night (لَيْلَة). (K, TA.) b6: طَلِقَ, (O, K,) with kesr, (O,) like سَمِعَ, (K,) signifies تَبَاعِدَ [He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote; &c.]. (O, K.) A2: طَلْقٌ is also trans., syn. with أَطْلَقَ: see the latter verb, former half, in two places. b2: [Hence,] طُلِقَتْ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ, (S, Mgh, * O, * Msb, K,) and inf. n. un. طَلْقَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) She (a woman, S, O, Msb) was taken with the pains of parturition: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) a phrase implying a presage of good [i. e. of speedy and safe delivery]. (Mgh.) [And طُلِقَتْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) She was, or became, in labour with him.]2 طلّق نَاقَتَهُ He left, left alone, or let go, his she-camel. (TA.) See also 4, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] طلّق امْرَأَتَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) from طَلَاقٌ [q. v.]; (O;) and ↓ اطلقها, (K,) inf. n. إِطْلَاقٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) [He divorced his wife;] he separated his wife from himself [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) [طلّق in this sense is opposed to رَاجَعَ: and hence the meanings of these two verbs in a verse of En-Nábighah which I have cited in art. نذر, (see conj. 6 in that art.,) and which is also cited in the S and O and TA in the present art.] b3: and طلّق البِلَادَ (tropical:) He left, or quitted, the country. (IAar, TA.) El-'Okeylee, being asked by Ks, أَطَلَّقْتَ امْرَأَتَكَ [Hast thou quitted thy wife?], answered, نَعَمْ وَالأَرْضَ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا (assumed tropical:) [Yes, and the land behind her]. (IAar, TA.) And one says, طَلَّقْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I left, or quitted, the people, or party: and طلّق العِيَالَ (assumed tropical:) He left [or deserted] the household, like as the man leaves [or divorces] the woman, or wife. (TA.) And طلّق العَيْرُ عَانَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) The he-ass passed by, or beyond, his she-ass, and then left her: and طَلَّقَتْهُ العَانَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-ass submitted herself [the verb which I thus render has been altered to انقدت, for which I read انْقَادَتْ,] to him, after having been incompliant. (TA.) b4: And طُلِّقَ السَّلِيمُ (assumed tropical:) The person bitten by a serpent became rid of the pain: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or recovered himself, and his pain became allayed, (S, O, K,) after the paroxysm: (S, O:) inf. n. as above. (K.) b5: طَلَّقَ نَخْلَهُ: see 4, last sentence.4 الإِطْلَاقُ signifies The loosing, or setting loose or free, and letting go. (TA.) You say, اطلق النَّاقَةَ مِنْ عِقَالِهَا, (S, O, Msb, TA,) or مِنَ العِقَالِ, i. e. He loosed the she-camel from the bond, or cord, by which her fore shank and arm were bound together; (Mgh;) as also ↓ طلّقها. (TA.) And اطلق الأَسِيرَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) and اطلق عَنْهُ, (O, TA,) He let go the captive; (S, O, K, TA;) and set him free; (TA;) he loosed the bond of the captive, and let him go: (Mgh, Msb:) and أُطْلِقَ عَنْهُ إِسَارُهُ [His bond was loosed from him], namely, the captive. (S.) and اطلق خَيْلَهُ فِى الحَلْبَةِ He made his horses to run [in the race-ground]. (TA.) And اطلق النَّاقَةَ He drove the she-camel to the water: (TA:) or أَطْلَقْتُ النَّاقَةَ إِلَى المَآءِ [I loosed the she-camel from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or أَطْلَقْتُ الإِبِلَ (Az, S, O, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ (Az, S, * TA) I loosed the camels to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and left them to pasture while going thither. (Az, S, O, * TA.) And اطلق القَوْمُ means The people, or party, had their camels loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and the camels being left to pasture while going thither. (S, K, * TA.) b2: اطلق امْرَأَتَهُ: see 2, third sentence. b3: اطلق الدَّوَآءُ بَطْنَهُ The medicine loosened, or relaxed, his belly [or bowels]; (Msb;) or moved his belly. (TA.) b4: [اطلق عِنَانَهُ He let loose, or slackened, his (a horse's) rein; and so (assumed tropical:) made him to quicken his pace. (See Har p. 356.)] And اطلق رِجْلَهُ (assumed tropical:) He hastened him; or desired, or required, him to hasten, or be quick; as also ↓ استطلقهُ. (TA. [Whether the pronoun relate to a beast or a man is not shown. By استطلقه is not meant استطلق رِجْلَهُ as رِجْل is fem.]) b5: اطلق يَدَهُ بِخَيْرِ (S, O, K, TA) and فِى خَيْرٍ, and بِمَالٍ and فِى مَالٍ; (TA;) and ↓ طَلَقَهَا, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) or ـِ (K,) but expressly said in the S to be with damm, inf. n. طَلْقٌ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) He opened his hand [freely] with good, (K, TA,) and with property. (TA.) And اطلق لَهُ مَالًا (assumed tropical:) He gave him property: (MA:) and ↓ طَلَقَ (assumed tropical:) he gave (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) a thing. (K.) And اطلق صَاحِبُ الدَّيْنِ كَذَآ (assumed tropical:) [The creditor remitted so much of the debt; being asked, or desired, to do so: see 10]. (Msb.) b6: [اطلقه also signifies (assumed tropical:) He made it allowable, or free, to be done, or taken, &c.] You say, اطلق لَهُ فِعْلَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He permitted him, or gave him permission or leave, to do such a thing; i. q. أَذِنَ لَهُ فِيهِ. (Msb in art. اذن.) b7: [And (assumed tropical:) He made it to be unrestricted. Hence the saying, اطلق بِهِمُ السَّيْفَ (assumed tropical:) He made the sword to have unrestricted scope with them; i. e. he slew them without restriction.] and أَطْلَقْتُ البَيِّنَةَ (assumed tropical:) I made the evidence, proof, or voucher, to be without any mention of the date; contr. of أَرَّخْتُهَا; (Msb in art. ارخ;) or I gave the evidence without restricting it by a date: from

أَطْلَقْتُ الأَسِيرَ. (Msb in the present art.) and hence also أَطْلَقْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I made the saying to be unrestricted, and unconditional. (Msb.) [and اطلق لَفْظًا (assumed tropical:) He uttered, or mentioned, or used, a word, or an expression, without restriction: and in like manner, اطلق alone is often employed. And (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, a word, or an expression, without restriction, عَلَى مَعْنًى to signify a particular meaning: thus in the saying اطلق المَصْدَرَ عَلَى الفَاعِلِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the infinitive noun without restricting it by the prefix ذُو, or the like, to signify the active participial noun; as عَدْلًا to signify عَادِلًا: and thus in the saying اطلق اسْمَ عَلَى الجُزْءِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the name of the whole without restricting it by a prefix to signify the part; as القُرْآن to signify اللآيَة: and many similar exs. might be added: but this usage of the verb is conventional: see Kull p. 57. Hence also أَلِفُ الإِطْلَاقِ: see art. ا, p. 1, col. 3.] b8: الإِطْلَاقُ فِى القَائِمَةِ [in which الاطلاق is inf. n. of the pass. v., أُطْلِقَ,] is (assumed tropical:) The freedom from [the whiteness termed] وَضَح [meaning تَحْجِيل, q. v.,] in the leg [of a horse]: and some make الإِطْلَاق to signify the having a fore leg and a hind leg in one side with تحجيل; and الإِمْسَاكُ [as inf. n. of أُمْسِكَ], the having a fore leg and a hind leg without تحجيل. (TA.) b9: اطلق عَدُوَّهُ (assumed tropical:) He dosed his enemy with poison. (IAar, O, K.) b10: And اطلق نخْلَهُ (tropical:) He fecundated his palm-trees; (IAar, O, K, TA;) said when they are tall; (IAar, O, TA;) as also ↓ طلّقهُ, (IAar, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ. (K.) 5 تطلّق, said of a gazelle, He went along, (S, O, Msb, K,) or bounded in his running, or ran briskly in one direction, (اِسْتَنَّ فِى عَدْوِهِ,) and went along, (TA,) not pausing nor waiting for anything; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ استطلق. (TA.) And تطلّقت الخَيْلُ The horses went [or ran] a heat without restraining themselves, to the goal. (TA.) b2: And, said of a horse, (tropical:) He staled after running. (AO, O, K.) b3: Said of the face: see 1, latter half.7 انطلق, inf. n. اِنْطِلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ نُطَيْلِيقٌ, the conjunctive ا being rejected, so that it becomes نِطْلَاقٌ, (S, O,) [He was, or became, loosed from his bond: whence,] اِنْطِلَاقُ العِنَانِ [The rein's being let loose, or slackened,] is a phrase metonymically used to denote quickness in going along. (Har pp. 355-6.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He (a captive loosed from his bond) went his way: (Msb:) or [simply] he went away, or departed: (S, Mgh, O, K:) or he went removing from his place. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Thus in the Kur [lxxvii. 29], اِنْطَلِقُوا إِلى مَا كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ (assumed tropical:) [Depart ye to that in which ye disbelieved]; (TA;) meaning to the punishment: (Bd, Jel:) or, accord. to IAth, [it seems to mean go ye away quickly into the lowest depth of misery or affliction; for he says, app. in explanation of this verse of the Kur, that] الاِنْطِلَاقُ means سُرْعَةُ الذَّهَابِ فِى أَصْلِ المِحْنَةِ. (TA.) And one says also, انطلق يَفْعَلُ كَذَا (tropical:) He went away doing, or to do, such a thing. (TA.) وَانْطَلَقَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْهُمْ

أَنِ امْشُوا [in the Kur xxxviii. 5 may be expl. in a similar manner; أَن being here used in the place of يَقُولُونَ: or this] means [And the chief persons of them] broke forth, or launched forth, with their tongues, [saying,] Go ye on, or continue ye, in your course of action &c. (Mughnee, voce أَنْ.) And one says, اُنْطُلِقَ بِهِ, (S, O, K,) meaning He, or it, was taken away; (K;) like as one says, اُنْقُطِعَ بِهِ. (S, O.) b3: [انطلق لِسَانُهُ means (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, free from impediment; and hence, eloquent, or chaste in speech. See an ex. in the Kur xxvi. 12: and see also طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ.] b4: انطلق said of the face: see 1, latter half, in two places.8 مَا تَطَّلِقُ نَفْسِى لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ, (S, O, K, *) of the measure تَفْتَعِلُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. اِطِّلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ طُتَيْلِيقٌ, the [latter] ط being changed [back] into ت because the former ط becomes movent, (S, O,) (assumed tropical:) My mind does not become free from straitness [for, or with respect to, this thing, or affair]. (S, O, K. *) 10 اِسْتِطلَاقٌ [primarily signifies The desiring to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go]: its dim. is ↓ تُطَيْلِيقٌ. (S, O.) b2: [Hence,] استطلق بَطْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His belly [or bowels] became [unbound,] loosened, or relaxed; (Msb, TA;) or became moved; (S, O, K, TA;) and the contents thereof came forth. (TA.) b3: Said of a gazelle, i. q. تطلّق, q. v. (TA.) A2: [It is also trans., as such primarily signifying The desiring a person or thing to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go. b2: Hence,] one says, استطلق الرَّاعِى

نَاقَةً لِنَفْسِهِ (S, O) [meaning The pastor desired a she-camel to be left, or he left a she-camel, for himself, not milking her at the water; as is plainly indicated by what immediately precedes it in the S: or] the pastor took, (PS,) or retained, [which is virtually the same,] a she-camel for himself. (PS, TA.) b3: And اِسْتَطْلَقْتُ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الدَّيْنِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [I desired. or demanded, of the creditor, the remission of so much of the debt]. (Msb.) b4: See also 4, former half.

طَلْقٌ [Loosed from his bond, set loose or free, or], as expl. by IAar, let go; as also ↓ طَلِيقٌ and ↓ مُطْلَقٌ: and a man not having anything upon him, as expl. by Ks: and طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ a camel not having the fore legs bound. (TA.) You say, حُبِسَ طَلْقًا, (so in the CK,) or ↓ طَلَقًا, (K accord. to the TA, [and this is agreeable with the preceding context in the K, but it requires confirmation which I do not find,]) and with damm, [i. e. طُلْقًا,] accord. to the K, but correctly with two dammehs, [i. e. ↓ طُلُقًا,] (TA, and thus in the S,) He was imprisoned without shackle and without bond. (K, TA) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] طَلْقُ اللِّسَانِ, and ↓ طَلِيقُ اللسان, (S, O, Msb, K,) and اللسان ↓ طِلْقُ, (K,) and اللسان ↓ طُلَقُ, (TA,) (tropical:) Eloquent, or chaste, in speech, and sweet therein: (Msb:) and اللِّسَانِ ↓ مُنْطَلِقُ and ↓ مُتَطَلِّقُهُ (tropical:) [free from impediment of the tongue; or] eloquent, or chaste in speech. (TA.) And لِسَانٌ طَلْقٌ ذَلْقٌ, and ذَلِيقٌ, ↓ طَلِيقٌ, and ذُلُقٌ ↓ طُلُقٌ, and ذُلَقٌ ↓ طُلَقٌ, (S, O, K,) but the last two of these were unknown to As, and the latter of them was disallowed by IAar, (TA,) and ذَلِقٌ ↓ طَلِقٌ, (O, K,) [expl. in the K as meaning A tongue having sharpness; but correctly] meaning (tropical:) a tongue free from impediment, or eloquent, or chaste in speech, (ذُو انْطِلَاقٍ,) and sharp. (O, TA.) b3: And طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلُقُ, (O, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلْقُ, (O, TA,) and اليدين ↓ طَلِيقُ, (L, TA,) (tropical:) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) applied to a man: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) and in like manner, a woman: (TA:) [or] a woman is termed طَلْقَةُ اليَدَيْنِ: (S:) and so, accord to Az, طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ; which [generally] has another meaning, expl. in what follows. (TA.) And يَدُهُ طَلْقٌ (tropical:) His hand is liberal; syn. بِسْطٌ; (TA in art. بسط;) and so ↓ مُطْلَقَةٌ: (S and K and TA in that art.:) or the latter signifies opened; and so ↓ مَطْلُوقَةٌ. (TA in the present art.) b4: And طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and الوجه ↓ طِلْقُ, (IAar, O, K,) and ↓ طُلْقُ الوجه, (IAar, K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِقُ, (K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ, (S, O, K,) (tropical:) Laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, in the face, or countenance: (K, TA:) or cheerful, or happy, displaying openness and pleasantness, in the face; and so طَلْقٌ alone: (Msb:) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ open and pleasant, and goodly, in countenance: (Az, TA:) and طَلِيقٌ alone, joyful, and open or cheer-ful, in countenance. (TA. [And it is there said that the pl. of طَلْقٌ is طَلْقَات: but this is app. a mistranscription for طُلْقَانٌ or طِلْقَانٌ.]) أُوْجُهٌ

↓ طَوَالِقُ is not allowable, except in poetry. (IAar, TA.) b5: And يَوْمٌ طَلْقٌ, (Lth, S, Mgh, O, K,) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ (Lth, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and طَلْقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) (tropical:) A day, and a night, in which is neither heat nor cold: (Lth, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or in which is no cold nor anything hurtful: (S:) or in which is no rain: or in which is no wind: or in which the cold is mild: (TA: [after which is added, من ايام طَلْقات: but the last word seems, as in an instance before mentioned, to be mistranscribed, or ايام (i. e. أَيَّام) may be a mistake for لَيَالٍ:]) or لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقٌ means a night in which is no cold: (AA, TA:) or in which the wind is still: (O, TA:) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ sometimes means a moon-lit, or a light, or bright, night: (IDrd, O, TA:) and one says also ↓ لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ, (K, TA,) meaning a still, or calm, and light, or bright, night: (TA:) and ↓ لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ, (K, * TA,) meaning pleasant nights in which is neither heat nor cold. (TA.) Er-Rá'ee says, فَلَمَّا عَلَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

meaning يَوْمِ لَيْلَةٍ طَلْقَةٍ [And when the sun came upon him, or it,] in a day of a night in which was neither cold nor wind; i. e., in a day after such a night; for the Arabs commence with the night, before the day: and the phrase فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

occurs in like manner in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh. (Az, TA.) b6: For the epithet طَلْقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (applied to a horse, accord. to the K,) see طُلُقٌ. b7: And for other meanings assigned in the K to طَلْقٌ, see طُلُقٌ, in two places.

A2: طَلْقٌ signifies also The pain of childbirth. (S, O.) One says, ضَرَبَهَا الطَّلْقُ [The pain of childbirth smote her]. (O.) [See also طُلِقَت, of which it is the inf. n.]

A3: And [it is said to signify] A sort of medicine. (S.) See طَلَقٌ, latter half, in two places.

طُلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b2: and طُلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طِلْقُ اللِّسَانِ: b2: and طِلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ. b3: طِلْقٌ signifies also (tropical:) Lawful, allowable, or free: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) or it signifies, (Msb, TA,) or signifies also, (Mgh,) ↓ مُطْلَقٌ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) [i. e.] a thing unrestricted, (TA,) i. e. any affair in which one has power, or authority, to act according to his own judgment or discretion or free will. (Msb.) One says, هٰذَا حَلَالٌ طِلْقٌ (tropical:) [This is lawful, &c., unrestricted; using the latter epithet as a corroborative]: and [in the contr. case] حَرَامٌ غِلْقٌ. (TA.) And هُوَ لَكَ طِلْقًا (tropical:) [It is thine lawfully &c.]. (S, O, K, TA.) And اِفْعَلْ هٰذَا طِلْقًا لَكَ (assumed tropical:) Do thou this as a thing lawful &c. to thee. (Msb.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ مِنْ طِلْقِ مَالِى (assumed tropical:) I gave him of what was lawful &c., i. e. free to be disposed of by me, of my property: (Msb:) or (tropical:) of what was clear [from any claim or the like], and good, or lawful, of my property. (TA.) And الخَيْلُ طِلْقٌ, occurring in a trad. as meaning (tropical:) Horses are allowable to be betted upon. (TA.) And أَنْتَ طِلْقٌ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) Thou art clear of this affair; (S, O, K, * TA; *) quit of it, or irresponsible for it. (K, TA.) b4: [In consequence of a misplacement in some copies of the K, several meanings belonging to طَلَقٌ are assigned to طِلْقٌ.]

A2: See also طَلَقٌ, latter half.

طَلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: Also the subst. from طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ: (Az, S, TA: [see 1, second sentence:]) and [as such] signifying The journeying [of camels] during the night to arrive at the water in the next night, there being two nights between them and the water; the first of which nights is termed الطَّلَقُ [or لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ (see حَوْزٌ)]; the pastor loosing them to repair to the water, [in the CK يَجْلِبُها is put for يُخَلِّيهَا,] and leaving them to pasture while going thither: the camels after the driving, during the first night, are said to be ↓ طَوَالِقُ; and in the second night, قَوَارِبُ: (S, O, K, TA:) or الطَّلَقُ signifies the first of two days intervening between the camels and the water; and القَرَبُ, the second: and لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ, the night in which the faces of the camels are turned towards the water and during which they are left to pasture; and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ, the second night: (As, TA:) but it has been said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means the second of the nights in which the camels repair to the water: Th says that الطَّلَقُ signifies the second of two days during which the camels seek the water when it is two days distant from them; and القَرَبُ, the first of those days: and it is said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means[the night of] the turning of the faces of the camels towards the water: but this explanation was not pleasing to ISd. (TA.) [See an ex. voce حَوْزٌ, in which it is used tropically.] b3: Also A heat; i. e. a single run, or run at once, to a goal, or limit; syn. شَوْطٌ; (S, IAth, O, Msb, K, TA;) meaning a running, of a horse, without restraining himself, [or without stopping,] to a goal, or limit: (Msb:) and the utmost extent to which a horse runs. (TA.) One says of a horse, عَدَا طَلَقًا or طَلَقَيْنِ [He ran a heat or two heats]. (S, O, Msb, K. [In the CK, erroneously, طَلْقًا and طَلْقَيْنِ.]) b4: And (hence, TA) (tropical:) A share, or portion, (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K, TA,) of property [&c.]. (A, TA.) A2: Also A shackle, or pair of shackles, (قَيْدٌ,) of skins: (S, M, O, K, TA:) or a rope strongly twisted, so that it will stand up. (TA.) b2: And sing. of أَطْلَاقٌ which signifies The [intestines into which the food passes from the stomach, termed the] أَمْعَآء, or the أَقْتَاب of the belly; (IDrd, O, K; * [in some copies of the last of which, القُنْبُ is erroneously put for القِتْبُ as one of the words explaining الطَّلَقُ;]) so in one or more of the dialects: AO says, in the belly are أَطْلَاق, of which the sing. is طَلَقٌ; (O, TA;) meaning the lines, or streaks, (طَرَائِق,) of the belly: and طَلَقُ البَطْنِ is also expl. [in like manner] as meaning the جُدَّة of the belly; pl. as above. (TA.) A3: Also The [plant called] شُبْرُم: [but what plant is meant by this is doubtful:] or a plant that is used in dyes: or this is a mistake: (K:) [or] accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, ↓ الطَّلْقُ is what is used in dyes; and is said to be the شُبْرُم: (O, TA: *) and (K) accord. to As, (O,) طَلَقٌ signifies a sort of medicament, (O, K,) which, when one is anointed therewith, (K,) i. e. with the extract thereof, (TA,) prevents the burning of fire: (K:) or a species of plant: so says As: (O:) the appellation by which it is generally known is ↓ طَلْق, with the ل quiescent; (O, K;) or this pronunciation is incorrect: (K:) and AHát mentions, (K, TA,) on the authority of As, (TA,) its being termed ↓ طِلْقٌ: (K, TA:) but it is not a plant: it is of the nature of stones, and of [what are termed] لِخَاف [thin white stones]; and probably he [referring to As] heard that it is called كَوْكَبُ الأَرْضِ, and therefore supposed it to be a plant; for if it were a plant, fire would burn it; but fire does not burn it, unless by means of artful contrivances: (O, TA:) the word is arabicized, from تَلَكْ: (K, TA: in the O written تِلك:) [it is the well-known mineral termed talc:] the Ra-ees [Ibn-Seenà, whom we call “ Avicenna,”] says, (TA,) it is a brightlyshining stone, that separates, when it is bruised, into several laminæ and split pieces, of which are made مَضَاوِى [correctly مَضَاوِئ, meaning small circular panes which are inserted in apertures to admit light,] for the [cupolas of] hot baths, instead of glass: the best is that of El-Yemen; then that of India; then that of El-Undulus [or El-Andalus]: the art employed in dissolving it consists in putting it into a piece of rag with some pebbles and immersing it in tepid water, then moving it about gently until it becomes dissolved and comes forth from the piece of rag into the water, whereupon the water is strained from it, and it is put in the sun to dry. (K, TA.) طَلِقٌ ذَلِقٌ: b2: and طَلِقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلَقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طُلَقٌ ذُلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلُقٌ, (S, O, Msb, TA,) with two dammehs, (Msb, TA,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K,) but this requires consideration, (TA,) Not shackled; applied to a she-camel, (S, O, Msb, TA,) and to a he-camel, (S, O, TA,) and to a person imprisoned; (O, TA;) as also ↓ طَالِقٌ applied to a she-camel; but طُلُقٌ is more common: (Aboo-Nasr, TA:) the pl. of طُلُقٌ is أَطْلَاقٌ. (S, TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] لِسَانٌ طُلُقٌ ذُلُقٌ: b3: and طُلُقُ اليَدَيْن: see طَلْقٌ again. b4: And طُلُقُ

إِحْدَى اَلقَوَائِمِ (assumed tropical:) A horse having one of the legs without [the whiteness termed] التَّحْجِيل. (S.) And طُلُقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (O,) or اليد اليمنى ↓ طُلْقُ, (K, [in this case again deviating from other authorities,]) (tropical:) A horse without تَحْجِيل in the right fore leg; (TA;) i. q. اليد اليمنى ↓ مُطْلَقُ. (O, K, TA.) And اليَدَيْنِ ↓ مُطْلَقَ (assumed tropical:) A horse having the fore legs free from تحجيل. (Msb.) b5: [As an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] طُلُقٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, O,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K, [but this, as in the instances above, is questionable,]) signifies (assumed tropical:) A gazelle: (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K:) so called because of the quickness of its running: (O, * TA:) pl. أَطْلَاقٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) A dog of the chase: (K:) because he is let loose; or because of the quickness of his running at the chase: (TA:) أَطْلَاقٌ is mentioned by Ibn-' Abbád as signifying dogs of the chase. (O.) طَلْقَةٌ [A single divorce: used in this sense in law-books]. (T and Msb in art. بت, &c.) طُلَقَةٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَلَاقٌ is the inf. n. of طَلَقَت said of a woman: (Th, S, Mgh, O, K:) or the subst. therefrom: (Msb:) or [rather] it is also a subst. in the sense of تَطْلِيقٌ; (Mgh;) [whence,] طَلَاقُ المَرْأَةِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The letting the wife go her way: (Lth, O:) and it has two meanings: one is [the divorcing of the woman; i. e.] the dissolving of the wife's marriage-tie: and the other is the leaving, and dismissing, of the wife [either in an absolute sense or as is done by a single sentence of divorce]. (O, TA.) Some of the lawyers hold that the free woman whose husband is a slave is not separated but by three [sentences, as is the case when both husband and wife are free]; and the female slave whose husband is free, by two: some, that the wife in the former case is separated by two [sentences]; and in the latter case, by not less than three: and some, that when the husband is a slave and the wife is free, or the reverse, or when both are slaves, the wife is separated by two [sentences]. (TA.) طَلِيقٌ A captive having his bond loosed from him, (S, O, K, TA,) and let go. (TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: And (assumed tropical:) A man freed from slavery; emancipated; i. q. عَتِيقٌ; i. e. who has become free: pl. طُلَقَآءُ. (TA.) b3: It is said in a trad., الطُّلَقَآءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَالعُتَقَآءُ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ (assumed tropical:) [The طُلَقَآء are of Kureysh; and the عُتَقَآء, of Thakeef]: الطلقاء being app. applied to Kureysh as it has a more special signification than العتقاء: but accord. to Th, الطُّلَقَآءُ signifies those who have been brought within the pale of El-Islám against their will. (TA.) b4: طَلِيقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طَلِيقٌ ذَلِيقٌ: b5: and طَلِيقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b6: and طَلِيقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ again; the last in two places. b7: طَلِيقُ الإِلٰهِ means (tropical:) The wind. (O, K, TA.) طَلَّاقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طِلِّيقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَالِقٌ A she-camel not having having her fore shank and her arm bound together: (TA:) or not having upon her a خِطَام [or halter]: (IDrd, O, K:) or repairing to the water; and so ↓ مِطْلَاقٌ; (Aboo-Nasr, K, TA;) of which latter she pl. is مَطَالِيقُ: (TA:) or that is left a day and a night and then milked: (K:) pl. طَوَالِقُ and أَطْلَاقٌ and طَلَقَةٌ; which last is expl. by AA as meaning she-camels that are milked in the place of pasturing. (TA.) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence: and for an explanation of the pl. طَوَالِقُ applied to camels, see طَلَقٌ, second sentence. Also (O), طَالِقٌ, (S, O,) or طَالِقَةٌ, (K,) signifies A she-camel which the pastor leaves for himself, not milking her at the water: (S, O, K:) the former is expl. by Esh-Sheybánee as meaning one which the pastor leaves [with her udder bound] with her صِرَار, not milking her in the place where she lies down to rest: (TA:) or the latter signifies, (Lth, O, K,) and the former also, (Lth, O,) a she-camel that is set loose among the tribe to pasture where she will in any part of the tract adjacent to their place of alighting or abode, (Lth, O, K, [من جِنانِهِمْ in the CK being erroneously put for مِنْ جَنَابِهِمْ,]) that has not her fore shank and her arm bound together when she returns in the afternoon or evening, nor is turned away [from the others] in the place of pasturage: (Lth, O:) or طَالِقٌ signifies a she-camel, (S, Msb,) and a ewe, (S,) that is set loose, or dismissed, to pasture where she will: (S, Msb:) and also as first expl. in this sentence: (S:) it is mentioned by ElFárábee as signifying a ewe left to pasture by herself, alone. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] طَالِقٌ and طَالِقَةٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former, without ة, used by all, (Msb,) the latter occurring in a verse of El-Aashà, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb,) ending a hemistich, and pronounced طَالِقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, [which cite the verse somewhat differently,]) (tropical:) A woman [divorced, or] left to go her way, (S, * Mgh, * O, Msb, *) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]: (S, * Mgh, * Mgh, * K, TA:) both mentioned by Akh: (O, TA:) accord. to IAmb, one says طَالِقٌ only, because it applies only to a female: accord. to Lth and IF, طَالِقَةٌ means طَالِقَةٌ غَدًا [divorced, &c., to-morrow]; and Lth adds that it is thus to accord with its verb, طَلَقَتْ: some, however, say that the ه is affixed in the verse of El-Aashà by poetic license, to complete the hemistich; but an Arab of the desert, in reciting this verse to As, is related to have said طَالِقٌ [which equally completes the hemistich]: and the Basrees hold that the sign of the fem. gender is elided in طَالِقٌ because it is a possessive epithet, meaning ذَاتُ طَلَاقٍ [having divorce]. (Msb.) b3: أُوْجُهٌ طَوَالِقُ: b4: and لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ and لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ: see طَلْقٌ, latter half.

طُتَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِطِّلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 8.

تُطَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِسْتِطْلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 10.

مُطْلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] يَدُهُ مُطْلَقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ again, former half. b3: See also مَآءٌ مُطْلَقٌ طِلْقٌ. means (assumed tropical:) Water that is unrestricted. (TA.) And حُكْمٌ مُطْلَقٌ means (assumed tropical:) [A judicial decision, or an ordinance or the like, or a rule, that is unrestricted, or absolute, or] in which is no exception. (TA.) b4: مُطْلَقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى: and مُطْلَقَ اليَدَيْنِ: each applied to a horse: see طُلُقٌ.

A2: [Golius, as on the authority of Meyd, explains it as signifying also A place where horses meet to be sent forth to run, or race: but what here next follows inclines me to think that it may be correctly مُطَلَّقٌ.]

مُطَلِّقٌ One desiring to outstrip with his horse in a race. (K.) مِطْلَاقٌ: see طَالِقٌ.

A2: Also, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ مِطْلِيقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طُلَقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ طِلِّيقٌ, (K,) and ↓ طَلَّاقٌ, this last mentioned by Z, (TA,) (tropical:) One who oftentimes divorces, or dismisses, wives. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) مِطْلِيقٌ: see what next precedes.

مَطْلُوقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ. b2: اِمْرَأَةٌ مَطْلُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A woman taken with the pains of parturition. (Mgh, Msb.) مُطَيْلِقٌ and مُطَيْلِيقٌ dims. of مُنْطَلِقٌ. (S.) مُتَطَلَِّقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

مُنْطَلِقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

نُطَيْلِيقٌ: dim. of اِنْطِلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 7.

حدب

1 حَدِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَدَبٌ; (S, * A, Mgh, * Msb, K;) and ↓ احدبّ, and ↓ تحادب, (K,) and ↓ احدودب; (S, K;) He (a man, Msb) was, or became, humpbaked; (Mgh, Msb;) he had a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest (A, * K) and belly: (K:) [accord. to the Msb, from حَدَبٌ signifying “ elevated ground; ” but the reverse is indicated in the A:] and it (the back) was, or became, humped, or protuberant; (S, A; *) as also ↓ انحدب. (KL.) b2: And the first, (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) rose, or grew up or out, high: (KL:) [it was, or became, gibbous, or convex; as also ↓ احدودب.] b3: حَدِبَ عَليْهِ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. as above; (KL, TA;) and ↓ تحدّب; (S, A, K;) (tropical:) He was, or became, affectionate, favourable, or kind, to him. (S, A, * K, KL, TA.) And حَدِبَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا, (K, * TA,) inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ تحدّبت; (K;) (tropical:) She (a woman) applied herself constantly to the care of her child, or children, after the loss of her husband, not marrying again. (K, TA.) A2: حَدَبَ عَنْهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَدْبٌ, He repelled from him, and defended him. (MF, TA.) 2 تَحْدِيبٌ [inf. n. of حدّب] The act of elevating, or raising high, the back. (KL.) b2: [And, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, The making a thing gibbous, or convex: but this meaning which the word has in the present day, I do not find in my copy of the KL.]4 احدبهُ He (God) rendered him humpbacked. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He, or it, rendered him affectionate, favourable, or kind. (KL.) 5 تَحَدَّبَ see 1, in two places. b2: تحدّب بِهِ He, or it, clung, or clave, to it. (K, TA.) 6 تَحَاْدَبَ see 1.7 إِنْحَدَبَ see 1.9 إِحْدَبَّ see 1.12 إِحْدَوْدَبَ see 1, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (sand) was, or became, curved, or winding; or curved, or winding, and long. (K.) حَدَبٌ (tropical:) High, or elevated, ground; so in the Kur xxi. 96; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ حَدَبَةٌ; and so حَدَبٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ: (A:) or rugged and high ground: (T, K:) pl. حِدَابٌ (S) [and app., accord. to the TA, أَحْدَابٌ also, a pl. of pauc.]. and حَدَبُ الرَّمْلِ (tropical:) Sand brought by the wind, [or blown together,] and elevated. (A, TA.) and hence, as being likened to such sand, (IAar, TA,) حَدَبُ البُهْمَى (tropical:) What is scattered, and heaped up, of [the species of barley-grass called] بهمى. (IAar, K, TA.) And حَدَبُ المَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The elevated waves of water: (T, TA:) or the rolling over of water, volume over volume: (K, TA:) or the rolling of water in waves. (TA.) And حَدَبُ الغَدِيرِ (assumed tropical:) The motion and waves of the pool of water left by a torrent. (IAar, TA.) And حَدَبُ السَّيْل (tropical:) The rise, or swell, and abundance, of the torrent. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A slope in a declivity; expl. by حَدُورٌ فِى صَبَبٍ, as in the correct copies of the K, and in the L; in some copies of the K حدوب; (TA;) [in the CK حُدُورٌ;] as the حَدَب of waves (in some copies of the K, of the wind, TA, [an evident mistranscription, الريح for الموج,]) and of sand. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A mark left upon the skin; (As, K;) such as the [weal or] swelling and thickness produced by beating. (As, TA.) b4: (tropical:) The intenseness of the cold of winter. (A, K.) A2: A certain plant: or the [plant called] نَصِىّ. (K.) حَدِبٌ: see أَحْدَبُ. b2: Also (tropical:) Affectionate, favourable, or kind. (A, TA.) You say, هُوَ حَدِبٌ عَلَى أَخِيهِ (tropical:) He is affectionate, &c., to his brother. (A.) A2: أَرْضٌ حَدِبَةٌ A land abounding with the plant called حَدَب. (K.) حَذَبَةٌ A hump on the back. (Az, S, A, Mgh.) b2: See also حَدَبٌ.

حَدَابِ, like قَطَامِ, (K,) indecl., (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: (K:) or a year of severe drought. (TA.) حُدَيْبَآءُ: see what next follows.

أَحْدَبُ Humpbacked; (S, Mgh, Msb;) having a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest and belly; (K;) and ↓ حَدِبٌ signifies the same: (Sb, S, K:) fem. of the former حَدْبَآءُ: (Msb:) and pl. حُدْبٌ. (Msb, TA.) اِبْنَةٌ

↓ حُدَيْبَآءُ (dim. of حَدْبَآءُ), meaning A little humpbacked daughter, occurs in a trad. (TA.) b2: Hence, آلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (see a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, voce آلَةٌ, in art. اول,) (assumed tropical:) A gibbous bier: (A, * TA:) or (as used in that verse) it means a distressing state, or condition: or an elevated apparatus. (TA.) And رَمْلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (assumed tropical:) [A gibbous tract of sand]. (ISh, K in art. دبح, &c.) And نَاقَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (S, A,) or دَابَّةٌ حدبَآءُ, (K,) (tropical:) A she-camel, (S, A,) or a beast, (K,) the prominent parts of whose hips, (S, A, K,) and the bone of whose back, (TA,) appear, (S, A, K,) by reason of her leanness. (A, TA.) And حَدْبَآءُ حِدْبِيرٌ and حِدْبَارٌ are expressions used in the same sense: (L, TA:) pl. حُدْبٌ حَدَابِيرُ. (S, L, TA.) b3: الأَحْدَبُ is the name of A vein (عِرْق) penetrating into, or lying within, the bone (عَظْمَ [app. a mistranscription for عَظَمَة the upper portion]) of the fore-arm. (K.) b4: أَمْرٌ أَحْدَبُ (A) and خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (A, TA) (tropical:) A difficult affair: (A, TA:) and أُمُورٌ حُدْبٌ (A, TA) and حُدْبُ الأُمُورِ (K) (tropical:) difficult affairs; (A, K, TA;) sing. حَدْبَآءُ [for خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ or the like]. (K.) And سَنَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (tropical:) A severe, cold year. (A, TA.) [Hence,] وَسِيقٌ أَحْدَبُ (assumed tropical:) A quick driving. (TA.) b5: [Hence, also,] الأَحْدَبُ [used as a subst.] (assumed tropical:) Vehemence, severity, difficulty, or distress; syn. الشِّدَّةُ. (K.) A2: [Also (assumed tropical:) More, and most, affectionate, favourable, or kind.] أَحْدَبُهُمْ عَلَى

المُسْلِمِينَ, said of Aboo-Bekr, in a trad. of 'Alee, means (assumed tropical:) The most affectionate, favourable, or kind, of them, to the Muslims. (TA.)

حرش

1 حَرَشَ الضَّبَّ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. حَرْشٌ (S, K) and تَحْرَاشٌ, (K,) He hunted, or sought to capture or catch, or captured or caught, the [lizard called] ضبّ; syn. صَادَهُ; (S, A, K;) by moving about his hand at its hole, (S, K,) at the entrance thereof, (K,) in order that it might imagine it to be a serpent, and put forth its tail to strike it, whereupon he would seize it; (S, K;) as also ↓ احترشهُ: (A, K:) or, as also ↓ احترشهُ, and ↓ تحرّشهُ, and بِهِ ↓ تحرّش, he traced its hole, and made a noise with his staff, or stick, at it, and inserted the end of this into the hole, and the ضبّ, hearing the sound, thought it to be a beast desiring to come in upon it, so it came backwards upon its feet and kinder part, fighting, and striking with its tail, whereupon the man hastened with it, and seized it firmly by its tail, and it was unable to escape from him. (TA.) And hence, He hunted, or sought to capture, or captured, the ضبّ in any manner. (Ham p. 61.) Hence also the saying, لَهُوَ أَخْبَثُ مِنْ ضَبٍّ حَرَشْتَهُ [Verily he is worse than a ضبّ which thou hast hunted]: for sometimes the ضبّ scents [its pursuer], and circumvents [him], and cannot be caught. (TA.) And hence the prov., alluding to one's discoursing to a learned man with the desire of instructing him, أَتُعْلِمُنِى بِضَبٍّ

أَنَا حَرَشْتُهُ [Dost thou acquaint me with a ضبّ which I have captured?]. (A 'Obeyd, Az.) Hence also the prov., هٰذَاأَجَلُّ مِنَ الحَرْشِ [This is a greater matter than the hunting, or capturing, of the ضبّ]: (M, A, K:) originating in one of their fables, to the effect that a ضبّ said to its young one, “O my little son, beware thou of الحَرْش: ” and the young one heard, one day, the fall of a digging-implement upon the mouth of the hole; so he said, “O my father, is this الحَرْش? ” to which his father answered, “O my little son, this is a greater matter than الحَرْش: ” (M, K: *) and it became a prov., which is applied to him who fears a thing and falls into that which is more severe. (M.) [Hence also the saying,] ضَبَّ العَدَاوَةِ بَيْنَهُمْ ↓ اِحْتَرَشَ (tropical:) [He roused the rancour of enmity between them]. (TA.) b2: حَرَشَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حَرْشٌ (S, K) and تَحْرَاشٌ, (K,) signifies also He scratched him with the nails; or wounded him in the outer skin; (S, K;) and so خَرَشَهُ, with خ. (S.) b3: Both also signify It (a fly) bit him. (TA in art. خرش.) b4: And حَرَشَ البَعِيرَ He scratched, or rubbed, the غَارِب [or withers] of the camel with his staff, or stick, to make him go. (TA.) b5: And He scratched, or rubbed, the camel so as to abrade the upper skin, and make it bleed; whereupon it is smeared with هِنَآء [or tar]; as also خَرَشَهُ. (TA.) A2: حَرَشَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ; &c.: see 2, in two places.

A3: حَرِشَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَرْشٌ, He deceived, beguiled, or circumvented; syn. خَدَعَ: and ↓ احترش signifies the same; or nearly the same; i. e. he endeavoured to deceive, beguile, or circumvent; syn. of the inf. n. خِدَاعٌ. (TA.) 2 حَرَّشَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, inf. n. تَحْرِيشٌ; (S, * A, * K, * TA;;) and بَيْنَهُمْ ↓ حَرَشَ, (A, TA, *) inf. n. حَرْشٌ; (TA;) He excited discord, dissension, disorder, strife, quarrelling, or animosity, between, or among, the people; (S, * A, * K, * TA;) and (so in the S, but in the K “ or ”) بَيْنَ الكِلَابِ between, or among, the dogs; (S, K;) and البَهَائِمِ the beasts; exciting, or provoking, them, one against another; as is done with camels, and rams, and cocks, &c.; the doing of which is forbidden in a trad.; (TA;) or حَرْشٌ and تَحْرِيشٌ signify one's inciting a man, and a lion, to attack his adversary; (TA;) and مُحَارَشَةٌ and حِرَاشٌ [inf. ns. of ↓ حَارَشَ] are syn. with تَحْرِيشٌ [in the last of the senses above]; as also مُهَارَشَةٌ and هِرَاشٌ: (TA in art. هرش, q. v.:) you say, حَرَّشَهُ [and ↓ حَرَشَهُ, meaning, he incited him, &c.; or rather, he exasperated him; app. from حَرشٌ or or حُرْشَةٌ, signifying “ roughness ”]. (Az, S in art. ذأر.) b2: [Hence, app.,] تَحْرِيشٌ also signifies The mentioning a thing that renders reproof necessary. (TA.) 3 حارش الضَّبُّ الأَفْعَى The ضبّ fought with the viper, the latter desiring to come in upon him. (TA.) b2: See also 2.4 احرش الهِنَآءُ البَعِيرَ [app. originally signifying The tar made the camel to scratch: and hence meaning,] the tar made the camel to break out with small pustules; syn. بَثَّرَهُ: (K:) or excoriated him, and made him to bleed. (Ibn-'Abbád.) 5 تحرّشهُ and تحرّش بِهِ: see حَرَشَ الضَّبَّ.

A2: [تحرّش is also quasi-pass. of 2. You say,] تحرّش بِهِمْ [He became exasperated by them]. (Az, L in art. حد, in explanation of the phrase تَحَدَّدَ بِهِمْ) [See also حَرِدَ.]8 احترشهُ: see حَرَشَ الضَّبَّ, in three places.

A2: See also حَرِشَ.

حَرْشٌ A mark, or trace; syn. أَثَرٌ: (S, K:) by poetic license written ↓ حَرَشٌ: (S:) or a mark upon the back: or a mark of a blow or beating, upon a camel, which has healed, but upon which no hair nor fur grows: or, as heard by Az, from more than one of the Arabs of the desert, a gall, or sore, on the back, which has healed, or become covered with a skin in healing: or a scar of a gall, or sore, on the back: (TA:) pl. حِرَاشٌ. (S, TA.) حَرَشٌ Roughness, harshness, or coarseness; as also ↓ حُرْشَةٌ: (K:) or roughness, &c., of the skin. (S.) [App., it has no verb: see حَرِشٌ, voce أَحْرَشُ.]

A2: See also حَرْشٌ.

حَرِشٌ: see أَحْرَشُ.

حُرْشَةٌ: see حَرَشٌ.

حَارِشُ ضِبَابٍ A hunter, or catcher, of [lizaras of the kind called] ضِبَاب [pl. of ضَبٌّ]: (S A:) pl. حَرَشَةٌ. (A.) أَحْرَشُ Anything rough, harsh, or coarse; as also ↓ حَرِشٌ, on the authority of AHn, and thought by Az to be a possessive epithet, [meaning having roughness, &c., from حَرَشٌ or حُرْشَةٌ,] because he had not heard any verb belonging to it: (TA:) or the former is applied to a ضَبّ, signifying rough; (S, K;) or rough in the skin, (A, TA,) as though notched, or serrated: (TA:) and in like manner, its fem., حَرْشَآءُ, to a serpent (حَيَّة), signifying rough; (K;) or rough in the skin: (S, TA:) and the masc. to a deenár, signifying rough (S, A, K) by reason of its newness; (A, K;) good, rough, recently coined; having upon it the roughness of the stamp: pl. حُرُشٌ (TA) [and حُرْشٌ]: and to a camel, signifying whose galls, or sores, on his back have healed, or become covered with a skin in healing: (Az, as heard by him from more than one of the Arabs of the desert:) and the fem., above mentioned, is applied to a she-camel, signifying, having the mange, or scab, (K, TA,) and not smeared [with tar]; (TA;) she being so called because of the roughness of her skin: (Az, TA:) and to a نُقْبَة [or scab], signifying having small pustules, (S,) not smeared [with tar]. (S, A.)