جود
1 جَادَ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. جُودَةٌ and جَوْدَةٌ, It (a thing,
S, or a commodity, an article of household-goods, or the like,
Msb, and a work, or performance,
TA) was, or became, جَيِّد [i. e. good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; the verb being the
contr. of رَدُؤَ, as is implied in the
A and
K]: (
S,
A,
Msb,
K:) in this sense,
accord. to some, of the class of قَالَ;
accord. to others, of the class of قَرُبَ. (
Msb.) [Also said of a man, meaning He was, or became, excellent, or egregious, in some quality; sometimes, though very rarely, in a quality that is disapproved.]
b2: And جاد, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) of the class of قال, (
Msb,)
aor. as above, (
S,
Msb,)
inf. n. جُودٌ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) with damm, (
S,
Msb,) He was liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (
K:) or he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous: (
Msb:) or he gave without being asked, to preserve the receiver from the ignominy of asking: (
MF:) or he gave what was meet to him to whom it was meet: (El-Karmánee,
TA:) or he gave what was meet to him to whom it was meet, not for a compensation; so that it has a more special signification than أَحْسَنَ. (
MF.) You say, جاد بِمَالِهِ [He was liberal, &c., with his property]: (
S:) or جاد بِالمَالِ he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous with the property. (
Msb.)
b3: Hence, (
Msb,) جاد بِنَفْسِهِ, (
S,
Msb,
K,)
aor. as above, (
S,
A,)
inf. n. جَوْدٌ (
TA) and جُؤُودٌ, (
S,
TA,) (
tropical:) He gave up his spirit, (
A,
Msb,
TA,) at death; (
S,
Msb;) like as one gives away his property; said of one in the agony of death: (
TA:) and (
tropical:) he gave away his life, in war. (
Msb.) And you say also, جَادَتْ نَفْسُهُ (assumed
tropical:) [His soul, or spirit, resigned itself, or departed]. (
Msb in art. نفس.)
b4: جاد المَطَرُ,
inf. n. جَوْدٌ, The rain was, or became, copious, or abundant. (
S.) And جَادَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (
A,
Msb,)
inf. n. جَوْدٌ, with fet-h, The sky rained. (
Msb.) And جَادَتِ العَيْنُ,
inf. n. جَوْدٌ and جُؤُودٌ, The eye shed many, or abundant, tears. (
Lh,
K.)
b5: جاد said of a horse, (
S,
A,
L,
Msb,
K,)
aor. as above, (
S,)
inf. n. جُودَةٌ (
S,
L,
Msb,
K) and جَوْدَةٌ; (
Msb, and some copies of the
K;) and ↓ جود, (
A,
L,
K,)
inf. n. تَجْوِيدٌ; (
TA;) and ↓ اجاد, (
L,) and ↓ أَجْوَدَ; (
L,
K;) He became fleet, or swift, and excellent, (
L,) صَارَ رَائِعًا, (
S,
L,
K, *) فِى عَدْوِهِ in his running. (
A,
L,
K.) [See an
ex. in a verse cited
voce دَامَ, in art. دوم.]
b6: See also 4, in two places.
b7: جاد إِلَيْهِ He inclined to him, or it. (
TA.)
A2: جادهُ He overcame him in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (
K.) See 3.
b2: جَادَهُمْ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. جَوْدٌ, It (rain) rained, or descended, upon them copiously, or abundantly. (
L.) And جِيدُوا They were rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain. (
L.) And جِيدَتِ الأَرْضُ, (
S,
L,
K,)
inf. n. جَوْدٌ; (
As,
TA;) and ↓ أُجِيدَت; (
K;) The earth, or land, was rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain: (
S,
L,
K:) or, so that the moisture of the rain met that of the soil. (
As,
TA.)
b3: جِيدَ, (
S,
A,
K,)
aor. ـَ (
S,
K,)
inf. n. جُوَادٌ, (
S, *
K, *
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) He (a man,
S, A) thirsted, or became affected by thirst: (
S,
A,
K:) or thirsted vehemently: (
accord. to an explanation of جُوَادٌ in the
K:) or was at the point of death, or destruction; (
K;) as though destruction rained upon him. (
TA.)
b4: [Hence,] إِنِّى أُجَادُ إِلَىلِقَائِكَ (
tropical:) Verily I am affected with a longing desire to meet thee: (
A:) or إِنِّى لَأُجَادُ إِلَيْكَ (
K,
TA [in the
CK, erroneously, لَاَجادُ] (
tropical:) Verily I am affected with a longing desire for thee, (
K,
TA,) i. e., to meet thee, (
TA,) and am impelled towards thee: (
K:) and يُجَادُإِلَى فُلَانَةَ (
tropical:) He is affected with longing desire for such a female; like as you say يَظْمَأُ. (
A.) One says also, جادهُ الَهَوى (
tropical:) Love affected him with longing desire, (شَاقَهُ,
L,
K, in the
CK شاقَّهُ,) and overcame him. (
K.)
b5: [Also,
app., جيدَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. جُوَادٌ, (as in a sense explained above,) (assumed
tropical:) He became affected, or overcome, or distressed, (see مَجُودٌ,) by drowsiness, or slumber: for] جُوَادٌ is
syn. with نُعَاسٌ: (
L,
TA:) and you say, جادهُ النُّعَاسُ (assumed
tropical:) Drowsiness, or slumber, overcame him; (
L;) as though sleep rained upon him. (
TA.) 2 جَوَّدَ see 4:
b2: and see also 1.
3 جاودهُ He vied with him, or contended with him for superiority, in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (
S,
TA.) You say, جاودهُ
↓ فَجَادَهُ He vied with him, or contended &c., in liberality, &c., and overcame him therein. (
TA.) 4 اجادهُ He made it good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; (
S,
A, *
K;) as also أَجْوَدَهُ, (
S, *
K,) like as they said اطال and اطول, and احال and احول, and اطاب and اطيب, and الان and الين; (
S;) and ↓ جوّدهُ, (
S, *
A,)
inf. n. تَجْوِيدٌ. (
S.) [Hence,] اجادهُ النَّقْدَ He gave him the cash, or ready money, good. (
S,
K.) And أَجَدْتُكَ ثَوْبًا I gave thee a garment, or piece of cloth, that was good, goodly, or excellent; or in a good state. (
A,
TA.)
b2: He gave him a dirhem, or piece of silver. (
K.)
b3: أُجِيدَتِ الأَرْضُ: see 1.
A2: He, or it, slew him, or killed him. (
L.)
A3: اجاد, (
inf. n. إِجَادَةٌ,
Msb,) He said, gave utterance to, uttered, or expressed, what was good, approvable, or excellent; he said, or did, well, or excellently; أَتَى بِالجَيِّدِ (
L,
Msb,
K) مِنْ قَوْلِ أَوْ فِعْلٍ; (
Msb;) as also أَجْوَدَ; (
L;) and ↓ جاد,
inf. n. جَوْدَةٌ. (
L.) [You say, قَالَ فَأَجَادَ He said, and said well: and فَعَلَ فَأَجَادَ He did, and did well.] And اجاد فِى
عَمَلِهِ, and اجود, He did well, or excellently, in his work. (
L.)
b2: Said of a horse, and اجود likewise: see 1.
b3: Also He had with him a horse such as is termed جَوَاد [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]: (
S:) or he became possessed of such a horse; (
A,
K;) as also اجود. (
K.)
b4: أَجَادَتْ She brought forth a child, or children, of liberal, bountiful, or generous, disposition. (
A.) and اجاد بِالوَلَدِ He begot the child, or children, of liberal, bountiful, or generous, disposition; (
K;) and in like manner, بِهِ أَبَوَاهُ ↓ جاد [His two parents so engendered him]. (
TA.) 5 تجوّد He chose what was good, goodly, approvable, or excellent, among all things. (
Ham p. 299.) He affected nicety, or refinement; he was, or became, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact; or he chose what was excellent, or best, to be done; and exceeded the usual bounds; فِى صَنْعَتِهِ in his work of art, or his manufacture;
syn. تَنَوَّقَ. (
A,
TA.) And تجوّد وَبَالَغَ فِى مَطْعَمِهِ وَمَلْبَسِهِ [He was dainty, nice, exquisite, refined, or scrupulously nice and exact; or he chose what was excellent, or best; and exceeded the usual bounds; in his food and his apparel]; (
JK and
K in art. نوق;) he was studious of his diet and apparel, always eating exquisite food and wearing sumptuous clothing. (
TK in that art.)
A2: تجوّدهُ: see 10. تَجَوَّدْتُهَا لَكَ I chose, or selected, the best, or most excellent, (↓ الأَجْوَدَ,) thereof for thee. (
TA.) 6 تجاودوا They considered [or tried] which of them had the best argument, or plea, or allegation: (
K,
TA:) so says Aboo-Sa'eed on the authority of an Arab of the desert. (
TA.) And يَتَجَاوَدُونَ الحَدِيثَ They consider, or see, [or try,] which of them will be best in narration, or talk, or discourse. (
A.)
b2: [Also They vied, or contended together for superiority, in liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity.]
10 استجادهُ He reckoned it, or esteemed it, good, goodly, approvable, or excellent: (
S:) or he found it to be so: (
K:) or he desired, or sought, that it might be so, (
A,
K,) and chose it, or selected it; (A;) as also ↓ تجوّدهُ. (
A.) Yousay also, اِسْتَجْوَدَ رَأْيَهُ [He esteemed his judgment, or opinion, good: or found it to be so]. (
TA in art. جزل.)
b2: He desired, or sought, or demanded, his liberality, bounty, munificence, or generosity. (
K.)
b3: He desired, or sought, that he (a horse) might be such as is termed جَوَاد [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]. (
K.)
A2: استجاد It came or happened, well. (
KL.) جَوْدٌ Copious, or abundant, rain; (
S,
L,
K;) as also ↓ جَائِدٌ: (
S:) or rain that thoroughly irrigates everything: (
M:) or rain that is not exceeded: (
M,
L,
K:)
accord. to some, who observe that the phrase, mentioned by
Sb, أَخَذْتَنَا بِالجَوْدِوَفَوْقهَا [Thou hast assailed us with a storm of reproach or the like not to be exceeded, and with that which is above it,] is one of hyperbole and reproach. (
M,
L.) It is an
inf. n. thus used as an
epithet [and therefore applicable without variation to a
fem. as to a
masc.
n., and to a dual and a
pl. as to a
sing. n.]: (
L:) and is also
pl. [or rather a
quasi-pl. n.] of جَائِدٌ, (
S,
L,
K,) like as صَحْبٌ is of صَاحِبٌ. (
S,
L.) You say مَطَرٌ جَوْدٌ [A copious, or an abundant, rain; &c.]: (
L:) and سَحَابَةٌ جَوْدٌ [A cloud yielding a copious, or an abundant, rain; &c.]: (
IAar,
L:) and هَاجَتْ لَنَا سَمَآءٌ جَوْدٌ [A copious, or an abundant, rain, &c., became stirred up for us]: (
S,
K: *) and you also say, [
contr. to the usage mentioned above, or as though جَوْدٌ were an
epithet from جَادَ, and this originally جَوْدَ, like ضَخْمٌ from ضَخُمَ, but used as a
subst.,] مَطْرَتَانِ جَوْدَانِ [Two showers of rain, copious, or abundant, &c.]. (
S,
K.) ↓ تَجَاوِيدُ, [
app. signifying the same as جَوْدٌ used as a
pl.,] occurring in the following verse of Sakhr El-Ghei, يُلَاعِبُ الرِّيحَ بِالعَصْرَيْنِ قَصْطَلُهُ وَالوَابِلُونَ وَتَهْتَانُ التَّجَاوِيدِ
[Its dust makes sport with the wind in the morning and evening, or night and day, and so do the violent showers of big drops, and the pouring of copious, or abundant, rains, &c.], (
L,
K, *) is a
pl. having no
sing.; (
K;) or it may be so, like تَعَاجِيبُ and تَعَاشِيبُ and تَبَاشِيرُ; or it may be
pl. of تَجْوَادٌ [an
inf. n.]. (
L.) You say also, امَطَرِ ↓ أَصَابَتْهُ تَجَاوِيدُ [Copious showers of rain fell upon him, or it]. (
A.)
b2: See also جَوَادٌ.
جَوْدَةٌ [an
inf. n. of 1, (
q. v.,) in two senses; as also جُودَةٌ: and an
inf. n. of un., signifying] A single affection of thirst; a thirsting. (
S,
K.)
b2: See also جُوَادٌ.
جَادِىٌّ Saffron. (
S,
K.) جَوَادٌ, used alike as
masc. and
fem., (
S,
K,) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous: (
S, *
K:) or one who affects, or constrains himself, to be generous: (
Msb:) or who gives without being asked, to preserve the receiver from the ignominy of asking: (
MF:) or who gives what is meet to him to whom it is meet: (El-Karmánee,
TA:) or who gives what is meet to him to whom it is meet, not for a compensation; so that it has a more special signification than مُحْسِنٌ: (
MF:)
pl. [of pauc.,
masc.,] أَجْوَادٌ and (of mult.,
TA) جُوْدٌ, (
S,
A,
K,) like as قُذُلٌ is
pl. of قَذَالٌ, but the و is made quiescent because it is an unsound letter, (
S,) [in some copies of the
K جُوُدٌ,] and أَجَاوِدُ, (
S,
K,)
contr. to
analogy, (
TA,) or أَجَاوِيدُ, [
reg., as
pl. of أَجْوَادٌ,] (
A,) and جُوَدَآءُ (
S,
K) and جُوَدَةٌ, (
CK, [in some copies of the
K omitted,]) or جُوْدَةٌ, or جُوُدَةٌ, [written in the latter manner in a
MS. copy of the
K,] with ة added to the [proper]
pl. form [جُوْدٌ or جُوُدٌ],
accord. to the doctrine of
Sb: (
TA:) جُوْدٌ is used as a
fem. pl., (
S,
Msb,) and is like نُوْرٌ
pl. of نَوَارٌ. (
S.)
b2: Also, applied alike to the male and the female, (
S,) A courser; a fleet, or swift, and excellent, horse; (
L;) a horse fleet, or swift, in running; or excellent in running, or in the motion of his legs; as also ↓ جَوْدٌ: (
Bd in xxxviii. 30:) or that outstrips others: (
Jel ib.:)
i. q. رَائِعٌ: (
S,
L,
K:)
pl. جِيَادٌ, (
S,
A,
Bd,
L,
Msb,
K,) which by rule should be جِوَادٌ, like طِوَالٌ, but this latter form has not been heard from the Arabs; (
L;) or جِيَادٌ is
pl. of جَوْدٌ, or of جَيِّدٌ; (
Bd ubi suprá;) and جَوَادٌ has also for its
pl. أَجْيَادٌ, [a
pl. of pauc., and irregular, or this is
pl. of جَيّدٌ, and therefore, though irregularly, retains the ى substituted for و] (
S,
L,) and أَجْوَادٌ, [also a
pl. of pauc., but agreeable with rule, or this is
pl. of جَوْدٌ,] (
L,) and أَجَاوِيدُ (
S,
L) is
pl. of أَجْوَادٌ. (
L.) Hence, أَقْبَلَ جَوَادًا (assumed
tropical:) He came on, or advanced, like a horse that is termed جواد: and سِرْتُ إِلَيْهِ جَوَادًا (assumed
tropical:) I went to him, or it, like a horse that is so termed. (
Mgh in art. غذ.) You say also, عَدَا عَدْوًا جَوَادًا He ran a long run. (
A,
TA.) And سِرْنَا عُقْبَةً
جَوَادًا, and عُقْبَتَيْنِ جَوَادَيْنِ, and عُقَبًا جِيَادًا (
S, A) and أَجْوَادًا, (
A,
TA,) We journeyed a long march or stage, and two long marches or stages, and long marches or stages. (
S,
A,
TA.) جُوَادٌ [
accord. to the
TA inf. n. of جِيدَ, which see in two places,] (assumed
tropical:) Thirst: (
S,
K:) or vehemence of thirst. (
K.)
b2: Also, [
accord. to the
K ↓ جَوْدَةٌ, but this is corrected in the
TA,] (assumed
tropical:) Drowsiness, or slumber. (
TA.) جَائِدٌ: see جَوْدٌ.
جَيِّدٌ, originally of the measure فَيْعِلٌ, (
S,
Msb,) as the Basrees say, i. e. جَيْوِدٌ, (
Msb,
TA,) the و being changed into ى because of its being meksoor and preceded by ى, and the augmentative ى being then incorporated into it; (
TA;) or, as the Koofees say, of the measure فَيْعَلٌ, like عَيْطَلٌ &c., because there is found no sound word of the measure فَيْعِلٌ except صَيْقِلٌ, a woman's name, and the unsound is accorded to the sound; or, as others say, of the measure فَعِيلٌ, [and so I find in one copy of the
S,] originally جَوِيدٌ, the kesreh of the و being,
accord. to them, suppressed because difficult of pronunciation, and the quiescent و and ى thus coming together, [the latter receives the rejected kesreh, and] the و is changed into ى and incorporated into the [augmentative] ى; (
Msb;) Good, goodly, approvable, or excellent;
contr. of رَدِ ىْ; (
A,
K;) applied to a thing, (
S,) or a commodity, an article of household-goods, or the like, (
A,
Msb,) and a work, or performance: (
TA:)
pl. جِيَادٌ (
S,
A,
Msb,
K) and جِيَادَاتٌ, (
K,) the latter a
pl. pl., [i. e.
pl. of جِيَادٌ,] (
TA,) and جَيَائِدُ, (
S,
K,) with hemz, [and,
accord. to some,]
contr. to
analogy. (
S.) [It is also applied to a man, meaning Excellent, or egregious, in some quality; sometimes, though very rarely, in a quality that is disapproved.]
أَجْوَدُ [Better, and best; more, and most, goodly or approvable or excellent]: see 5.
b2: [More, and most, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous. Hence,] أَجْوَدُ مِنْ حَاتِمٍ [More liberal, &c., than Hátim]: a
prov. (
Meyd.)
b3: [More, and most, fleet, or swift, and excellent; relating to a horse. Hence,] أَجْوَدُ مِنَ الجَوَادِ المُبِرِّ [More fleet, &c., than the courser that surpasses others]: a
prov. (
Meyd.) تَجَاويدُ: see جَوْدٌ, in two places.
مَجُودٌ A field, or garden, rained upon: (
A:) [or rained upon copiously, or abundantly.] and أَرْضٌ مَجْودَةٌ Land rained upon with a copious, or an abundant, rain. (
S,
L,
K.)
b2: (assumed
tropical:) A man (
S, A) affected with thirst: (
S,
A,
K:) [or, with vehement thirst: (see جُوَادٌ:)] or at the point of death, or destruction. (
K.)
b3: And [hence,] (
tropical:) Affected with longing desire. (
L.)
b4: Also (assumed
tropical:) Overcome by drowsiness, or slumber: (
TA:) or distressed by drowsiness, or slumber, &c. (
Lh,
L.) مُجِيدٌ: see مِجْوَادٌ.
b2: Also A man possessing a horse such as is termed جَوَادِ [i. e. fleet, or swift, and excellent]:
pl. مَجَاوِيدُ [by rule
pl. of مِجْوَادٌ,
q. v.]. (
A,
TA.)
b3: حَتْفٌ مُجِيدٌ (
tropical:) Present death. (
K,
TA.) مِجْوَادٌ One who says, utters, or expresses, or who does, (
K,
TA,) much, or often, (
TA,) what is good, goodly, approvable, or excellent; (
K,
TA;) as also ↓ مُجِيدٌ: (
TA:) [or rather the latter is a simple, not an intensive,
epithet:] the former is applied to a poet, (
S,
A,
K,) as
syn. with the latter, (
K,) or as meaning who says, or utters, much, or often, what is good, or excellent: (
S:) and both are applied to a workman, or an artificer:
pl. of the former مَجَاوِيدُ. (
A.)
