حبل

1 حَبَلَهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَبْلٌ, (TA,) He bound, tied, or made fast, him, or it, with a rope, or cord. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَبْلٌ signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) The making a covenant. (KL.) b3: and (assumed tropical:) The obtaining أَمَان [i. e. a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety]. (KL.) b4: and The placing a snare for game. (KL.) And The catching game with, or in, a snare. (KL.) Yousay, حَبَلَ الصَّيْدَ, (Az, ISd, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. حَبْلٌ; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ احتبلهُ, (Az, S, ISd, Msb, K,) and ↓ تحبّلهُ; (TA;) He took, or caught, the game with the حِبَالَة [or snare]: (Az, S, ISd, Msb, K:) or he set up the حِبَالَة for the game. (ISd, K.) And حَبَلَتْهُ الحِبَالَةُ The snare [caught him, or] clung to him: and hence, قَذًى

حَبَلَتْهُ عَيْنُهُ (tropical:) [Motes which his eye caught]; a metaphorical phrase, used by Er-Rá'ee; the eye being likened to the snare; and the motes, to game. (TA.) And حُبِلَ عَنِ البَرَاحِ (assumed tropical:) [He was prevented, as by a snare, or by a rope, from quitting his place] (TA.) And زَوْجُهَا ↓ اِحْتَبَلَهَا [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Her husband entrapped her: or laid a snare for her]. (TA.) And ↓ احتبلهُ المَوْتُ (tropical:) [Death ensnared him; or took him]. (ISd, Z, TA.) And حَبَلَتْهُ فُلَانَةُ (tropical:) Such a woman smote his heart with her love; [or captivated him;] as also ↓ اِحْتَبَلَتْهُ. (TA.) [And accord. to the CK, حَبْلٌ also signifies the same as مُدَاهَنَةٌ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The endeavouring to conciliate; &c.]: but the reading in the TA, and in my MS. copy of the K, is دَاهِيَة: which, however, occurs afterwards in the K as a meaning of حَبْلٌ and of حِبْلٌ.]

A2: حَبِلَتْ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. حَبَلٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA, [in the CK حَبْل,]) said of a woman, (S, Mgh, Msb,) and of any female beast, (Msb,) She was, or became, pregnant: (S, Msb, K:) حَبَلٌ and حَمْلٌ signifying the same: (AO, S, ISd, K: *) or the former applies only to human beings; and the latter, to others. (Msb, TA.) You say وَقْتُ حَبَلِ أٌمِّهِ بِهِ [The time of his mother's being pregnant with him]. (S.) b2: [Hence,] حَبَلٌ signifies also (tropical:) The being full. (ISd, K, TA.) You say, حَبِلَ مِنَ الشِّرَابِ and المَآءِ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَبَلٌ, (K, * TK,) (tropical:) He became full of beverage, or wine, and of water, (K, TA,) and his belly became swollen [therewith, like that of a pregnant woman]. (TA.) b3: and (tropical:) The being angry. (K, * TA.) You say, حَبِلَ فُلَانٌ (tropical:) Such a one became angry. (TK.) 2 حبّل الزَّرْعُ, inf. n. تَحْبِيلٌ, (M, A, K, [in the CK, and in my MS. copy of the K, erroneously, الزَّرْعَ,]) (tropical:) The seed-produce shot forth (قَذَفَ) one part thereof upon another, or parts thereof upon others: (M, K, TA:) or the ears of the seedproduce [or corn] became compacted and filled with the grain. (A, TA.) 4 احبل العِضَاهُ The [trees called] عضاه [produced their حُبْل, or حُبَل; or] scattered their blossoms, and organized and compacted their fruit [i. e. their pods with the seeds therein]; expl. by تَنَاثَرَ وَرْدُهَا وَ عَقَدَ [meaning عَقَدَ الثَّمَرَ]: (A, O, K:) from الحُبْلَةُ [q. v.], like عَلَّفَ from العُلَّفَ. (AA, O, TA.) A2: احبلهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِحْبَالٌ, (TA,) He fecundated it; syn. أَلْقَحَهُ. (S, K.) 5 تَحَبَّلَ see 1.8 إِحْتَبَلَ see 1, in four places.

حَبْلٌ i. q. رَسَنٌ [as meaning A rope, or cord]; (S;) a certain thing well known; (Msb;) a thing with which one ties, binds, or makes fast, a beast &c.; syn. رِبَاطٌ: (M, K:) and i. q. رَسَنٌ [as meaning a halter]; (M, Msb, K;) as in the Kur cxi. 5; (TA;) and so ↓ مُحَبَّلٌ: (M, K:) in the former sense, the pl. [of pauc.] is أَحْبُلٌ (S, M, K) and أَحْبَالٌ (M, K) and [of mult.] حِبَالٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and حُبُولٌ (M, K) and حِبَالَةٌ (L voce جُرْحٌ) [and حُبُولَةٌ, agreeably with a usage of the Arabs, which is, to add ة to any pl. of the measure فِعَالٌ or of that of فُعُولٌ, (see حَجَرٌ,)] and ↓ حَبَائِلُ, which is anomalous, as in the phrase حَبَائِلُ اللُّؤْلُؤِ [cords of pearls], occurring in a trad.; or this is a mistranscription for جَنَابِذُ, (K, TA, [in the CK حَنائِدُ,]) with ج [and ن] and ذ: (TA:) and in the latter sense, the pl. is حُبُولٌ. (M, Msb, K.) In a trad. in which it is said that a man's hand is to be cut off for his stealing a حَبْل, the حبل of a ship may be mean. (Mgh in art. بيض.) b2: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) A bond; cause of union; or link of connexion:] connexion with another by the bond of love or friendship or the like; (S, K, TA;) pl. حِبَالٌ: (TA:) mutual connexion by such a bond. (ISd, Msb, K.) You say, وَصَلَ فُلَانٌ فِى حَبْلِ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one married his daughter to such a one. (Har p. 223.) And هُوَ يَخْطُبُ فِى حَبْلِ فُلَانِ (assumed tropical:) He aids such a one in seeking, or demanding, a woman in marriage. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ حِبَالًا وَ نَحْنُ قَاطِعُوهَا (assumed tropical:) Verily there is between us and the party a connexion by the bond of love or friendship or the like, and we are severing it. (TA.) You say also, إِنَّهُ لَوَاسِعُ الحَبْلِ (tropical:) Verily he is large, or liberal, in disposition; [or in the scope of his friendship;] and ضَيِّقُ الحَبْلِ (tropical:) narrow therein. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) A covenant, or compact: (S, Msb, K, TA:) (tropical:) a covenant, or an obligation, by which one becomes responsible for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a person or thing: (K, TA:) and (tropical:) a promise, or an assurance, of security, or safety; (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K, TA;) such as a man, desiring to make a journey, used [and still uses] to take from the chief of a tribe: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) pl. حِبَالٌ. (TA.) You say, كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ حِبَالٌ فَقَطَعُوهَا (tropical:) There were between them covenants, and obligations whereby they were responsible for one another's safety, and they broke them. (TA.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 108], إِلَّا بِحَبْلٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ حَبْلٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ (tropical:) Unless [they have] a covenant from God and a covenant from men: (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA:) for the unbeliever requires a covenant from God, which consists in his being of those who have a revealed scripture without which he cannot retain his religion nor enjoy protection, and a covenant granted to him by men. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And it is also said in the Kur [iii. 98], وَاعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللّٰهِ i. e. (tropical:) [And hold ye fast] by the covenant of God: (TA:) or (tropical:) the means of approach, or access, unto God; i. e. the Kur-án, and the Prophet, and intelligence, &c., which are the means of obtaining the protection of God; for حَبْلٌ is metaphorically applied to (tropical:) any means of access to a thing: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or these words of the Kur mean (tropical:) and follow ye the Kur-án, and abstain from schism. (A'Obeyd, TA.) And in like manner, the saying of Ibn-Mes'ood, عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَبْلِ اللّٰهِ, means (tropical:) Keep ye to the Book of God; for it is a security for you, and a covenant, against the punishment of God. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b4: (tropical:) An elongated, or extended, tract of sand, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) collected together, abundant, and high: (T, TA:) or حَبْلٌ مِنَ الرَّمْلِ means a long, extended, tract of sand, collected together, and elevated: (Msb:) [or simply a long, or long and elevated, tract of sand; likened to a rope, as is indicated in the Mgh:] pl. حِبَالٌ. (TA.) b5: [(assumed tropical:) A long, creeping, or twining, stalk or shoot or branch; likened to a rope or cord: pl. حِبَالٌ: often occurring in descriptions of plants by AHn and others.]

b6: See also حَبَلَةٌ. b7: الحَبْلُ (assumed tropical:) The وَرِيد; [a name applied to each of the two carotid arteries, and sometimes to each of the two external jugular veins;] also called حَبْلُ الوَرِيدِ; a vein between the windpipe and the [two sinews called the]

عِلْبَاوَانِ; (Fr, TA;) a certain vein in the neck, (S,) or in the حَلْق. (Msb.) b8: (assumed tropical:) The عَاتِق [or part between the shoulder-joint and the neck]: (K:) or الحَبْلُ, (K,) or حَبْلُ العَاتِقِ, (TA,) signifies the طَرِيقَة [app. here meaning, as it does in some other instances, oblong muscle] that is between the neck and the head of the shoulder-blade: or a sinew between the neck and the shoulderjoint: (K:) or حَبْلُ العَاتِقِ signifies a bond, or ligament, between the عاتق and the neck; (T, Msb, TA;) or between the neck and the shoulderjoint: (Lth, TA:) or certain sinews. (S.) b9: (assumed tropical:) A certain vein, or nerve, (عِرْق,) in the fore arm, (K, TA,) extending from the wrist until it becomes concealed in the shoulder-joint: (TA:) or حَبْلُ الذِّرَاعِ is [a vein, or nerve,] in the arm: (S:) or حِبَالُ الذِّرَاعَيْنِ signifies the sinews that appear upon the two fore arms; and in like manner, those of a horse. (TA.) One says, هُوَ عَلَى حَبْلِ ذِرَاعِكَ, (S, TA,) a prov., (S,) meaning (tropical:) He, or it, is near to thee: (T, S, Sgh:) or within thy power, or reach; or possible, or practicable, to thee; or easy to thee. (ISd, Z, TA.) b10: Also, (K,) or حَبْلُ الفَقَارِ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A certain vein, or nerve, (عِرْق,) in the back, (K, TA,) extending from the beginning thereof to its end. (TA.) b11: الحِبَالُ فِى السَّاقِ, (K,) or حِبَالُ السَّاقَيْنِ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) The sinews of the two shanks. (M, K.) b12: الحِبَالُ فِى الذَّكَرِ, (K,) or ↓ حَبَائِلُ الذَّكَرِ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) The veins (عُرُوق) of the penis. (M, K.) b13: الحَبْلُ also signifies The station of the horses collected for a race, before they are let go. (K.) [Probably it was marked by an extended rope; and for that reason was thus called.]

A2: Also Heaviness; weight, or weightiness; ponderousness; syn. ثِقَلٌ. (Az, K.) حُبْلٌ: see حُبْلَةٌ.

حِبْلٌ A calamity, or misfortune; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَبُولٌ: (K:) pl. حُبُولٌ. (S, K.) ISd cites as an ex. the saying of El-Akhtal, وَ كُنْتُ سَلِيمَ القَلْبِ حَتَّى أَصَابَنِى

مِنَ اللَّامِعَاتِ المُبْرِقَاتِ حُبُولُ [And I was sound of heart until calamities befell me from the resplendent females, exhibiting their beauty]. (TA.) b2: رَجُلٌ حِبْلٌ (assumed tropical:) A learned, sagacious, intelligent man. (IAar, K. *) [And حِبْلٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Very intelligent, or very cunning. Pl. أَحْبَالٌ.] You say, إِنَّهُ لَحِبْلٌ مِنْ أَحْبَالِهَا, meaning (tropical:) Verily he is one who possesses much intelligence, or much cunning: and verily he is a gentle manager of cattle. (ISd, K, TA.) حَبَلٌ: see حَبَلَةٌ.

A2: It is also an inf. n.; i. e., of حَبِلَتْ. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) A3: And it is also a simple subst.: (K, TA: [in the CK, واسْمُ جَمْعٍ is erroneously put for واسْمٌ:]) [i. e.] it also signifies The fœtus in the womb: (Mgh:) pl. أَحْبَالٌ. (K.) It is said in a trad., نَهَى عَنْ حَبَلِ

↓ الحَبَلَةِ, (S, Mgh,) or نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ حَبَلِ الحَبَلَةِ, (Msb, K,) i. e. He forbade the selling of the offspring of the offspring (S, Msb, K) in the belly (Msb, TA) of the she-camel &c.; (Msb;) [i. e.,] the offspring of the fœtus (A'Obeyd, S, Msb) in the belly of the she-camel [&c.]; (A'Obeyd, Msb;) [i. e.,] what the fœtus will bring forth, if it be a female; (Mgh;) the ة in الحبلة being the sign of the fem. gender; (A'Obeyd, Mgh, Msb;) or a sign of intensiveness of the signification: (IAmb, TA:) for the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance used to sell the offspring of the offspring in the bellies (T, M, Msb, TA) of pregnant beasts, (T, Msb,) or of sheep or goats: (M, TA:) or the meaning is, what is in the belly of the she-camel: (A'Obeyd, Esh-Sháfi'ee, K:) or the produce of the grape-vine before it has attained to maturity: (M, K:) but Suh disapproves of this last explanation, as a mistake occasioned by the ة in الحبلة. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Anything that is in another thing: thus, for instance, the pearl is the حَبَل of the oyster-shell; and the wine is the حَبَل of the glass bottle. (A, TA.) A4: (tropical:) Fulness; (ISd, K, TA; [see حَبِلَ;]) as also ↓ حُبَالٌ. (IAar, K.) b2: (tropical:) Anger: (K, TA:) (tropical:) anger and grief; as in the saying بِهِ حَبَلٌ (tropical:) In him is anger and grief: (Az, ISd, K, TA:) from the same word as meaning the “ pregnancy ” of a woman. (Az, TA.) A5: حَبَلْ حَبَلْ A cry by which sheep or goats are chidden. (Sgh, K.) حَبْلَةٌ: see حَبْلَةٌ.

حُبْلَةٌ The fruit, or produce, of the [kind of trees called] عِضَاهُ, (S, K,) in general: (K:) or the pod, or receptacle of the seeds, of the سَمُر and سَلَم; [so accord. to Az; as appears from a comparison of passages in art. بل in the T and TA;] that of other [trees of the kind called] عضاه being termed سِنْفَةٌ: (TA:) or the fruit, or produce, of the سَمُر, resembling the [species of kidney-bean called] لُوبِيَآء; (IAar, TA;) or of the سَلَم and سَيَال and سَمُر, (M, K,) which is a curved thing, containing small black grains, resembling lentils: (M, TA:) or, accord. to AO, a species of tree; as is the سَمُر: (Az, TA:) pl. ↓ حُبْلٌ, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the proper pl. is]

حُبَلٌ. (K.) Hence, in a trad. of Saad, وَ مَا لَنَا طَعَامٌ إِلَّا الحُبْلَةُ وَ وَرَقُ السَّمُرِ [We having no food except the حبلة and the leaves of the سمر]. (S, TA.) b2: A kind of ornament worn by women, (S, K, TA,) fashioned in the form of the fruit thus called, (TA,) and put upon necklaces, (S, TA,) used in the Time of Ignorance. (As, TA.) b3: A certain herb, (بَقْلَةٌ, ISd, K,) sweet, or pleasant, of the herbs termed ذُكُور: so says ISd: and in one place he says, a certain tree which [the lizards termed] ضِبَاب eat. (TA.) b4: See also what next follows.

حَبَلَةٌ (M, A, K) and ↓ حَبْلَةٌ, (M, A,) or ↓ حُبْلَةٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) A grape-vine; (M, A, K;) its branches being likened to ropes, or cords: (A, TA:) or a stock of a grape-vine: (K:) the first of these words has the latter signification (Mgh, TA) accord. to As: (TA:) or it signifies a stock of a grape-vine having its branches spread upon its trellises: (TA:) or the first and second signify a branch of a grape-vine: (S) or, accord. to Lth, حبلة [thus in the TA, without any syll. sign,] signifies a grape-vine: and also a طاق [app. here meaning an arch] of the branches of a grape-vine: so in the T: (TA:) and ↓ حَبَلَ and ↓ حَبْلٌ [are coll. gen. ns., and] signify grapevines. (K.) b2: حَبَلَةُ عَمْرٍو A sort of grapes of Et-Táïf, white, and pointed at the extremities. (TA.) A2: See also حَبَلٌ: A3: and see what next follows.

حُبْلَى Pregnant; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَابِلَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ حَبْلَانَةٌ also occurs in the same sense: (ISd, K) applied to a woman, (S, Mgh,) or, accord. to Az, to any animal having a nail, (S,) or to any beast, as, for instance, a sheep, or goat, and a cat: (Msb:) pl. of the first حَبَالَى (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حُبْلَيَاتٌ (Msb, K) and حَبَالَيَاتٌ, (S, TA,) which last is pl. of حَبَالَى: (TA:) and the pl. of حَابِلَةٌ is ↓ حَبَلَةٌ, (K,) which is extr. (TA.) One says, اللَّيْلُ حُبْلَى لَسْتَ تَدْرِى

مَا تَلِدُ (assumed tropical:) [The night is pregnant: thou knowest not what it will bring forth]: meaning that the events of the night are not to be trusted. (TA.) b2: See also حَبْلَانَةٌ.

حُبْلِىٌّ and ↓ حُبْلَوِىٌّ Of, or relating to, one that is حُبَلَى, i. e. pregnant. (S, K.) حَبْلَانَةٌ: see حُبْلَى. b2: [Hence,] حَبْلَانُ (tropical:) Full [of beverage, or wine, and of water; see حَبِلَ]; as also ↓ حُبْلَان: fem. of the former حَبْلَى; and of the latter; ↓ حُبْلَى [which is anomalous]: (AHn, ISd, K, TA:) and ↓ أَحْبَلُ a man full of beverage or wine. (Z, TA.) b3: And حَبْلَانُ (tropical:) Angry; (K, TA;) full of anger; عَلَى فُلَانٍ against such a one: (TA:) fem. with ة. (Ibn-'Arafeh, K, TA.) حُبْلَان: see the next preceding paragraph. [By rule, it should be with tenween, like عُرْيَانٌ, and should form its fem. with ة.]

حُبْلَوِىٌّ: see حُبْلِىٌّ.

حُبْلَاوِىٌّ: see حُبْلِىٌّ.

حُبَالٌ: see حَبَلٌ.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Much hair. (Az, TA.) حَبُولٌ: see حِبْلٌ.

حَبِيلُ بَرَحٍ (assumed tropical:) One who stands in his place like the lion, not fleeing: (S:) or (tropical:) courageous: (K, TA:) and an appellation given to (tropical:) a lion; (K, TA;) as though he were prevented, as by a snare, or by a rope, from quitting his place; not quitting it, by reason of his boldness. (TA.) حِبَالَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ أُحْبُولَةٌ (Lth, Msb, K) and ↓ أُحْبُولٌ (Lth, K) A snare; or thing by means of which one takes, catches, or snares, game, or wild animals, or birds; (S, M, K;) of whatever kind it be; (M, TA;) a شَرَك, and the like: (Msb:) or حبالة peculiarly applies to the cord (حَبْل) of him who takes, catches, or snares, game or the like: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. of the first حَبَائِلُ, (Msb, TA,) and of the second [and third] أَحَابِيلُ. (Msb.) It is said in a prov., خَشِّ ذُؤَالَةَ بِالحِبَالَةِ [Frighten thou the wolf to catch him with the snare]; ذؤالة meaning the wolf: applied to him whose threatening is not cared for: i. e., threaten another than me; for I know thee. (Meyd, TA.) b2: [Hence,] النِّسَآءُ حَبَائِلُ الشَّيْطَانِ (assumed tropical:) [Women are the snares of the Devil]. (TA.) And حَبَائِلُ المَوْتِ (assumed tropical:) The causes of death. (K.) And هُوَ حِبَالَةُ الإِبِلِ (assumed tropical:) He is one who takes good care of the camels, so that they do not escape from him. (TA.) b3: For the pl. حَبَائِلُ, see also حَبْلٌ, in two places; in the first sentence, and near the end of the paragraph.

حَابِلٌ One who binds, ties, or makes fast, a rope, or cord. (TA.) Hence, (TA,) يَا حَابِلُ اذْكُرْ حَلًّا, a prov., (K, TA,) meaning O binder, or tyer, of the rope, bear in mind the time of untying. (TA.) b2: The setter of the snare (حَبَالَة) for game; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مُحْتَبِلٌ. (TA.) It is said in a prov., اِخْتَلَطَ الحَابِلُ بِالنَّابِلِ (S) (assumed tropical:) The setter of the snare became confounded with the shooter of the arrows: (TA in art. خلط:) or, in this instance, (S,) الحابل signifies the warp; and النابل, the woof. (S, K.) And in another prov., ثَارَ حَابِلُهُمْ عَلَى نَابِلِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) They kindled mischief among themselves: (K, TA:) الحابل [properly] signifying the owner of the حِبَالَة; and النابل, the shooter with نَبْل, or the owner of نَبْل: i. e., their case became confused: and sometimes it is applied to a party whose case has become turned from its proper state, and who become roused, or stirred up, one against another. (Az, TA.) One says also, حَوَّلَ حَابِلَهُ عَلَى نَابِلِهِ (assumed tropical:) He turned it upside down. (K.) And اِجْعَلْ حَابِلَهُ نَابِلَهُ, and حَابِلَهُ عَلَى نَابِلِهِ, (assumed tropical:) Turn thou it upside down. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) An enchanter. (Sgh, K, TA.) A2: A [lizard of the kind called] ضَبّ that feeds upon the حُبْلَة [q. v.]; (S, M, K;) and so a gazelle. (TA.) A3: حَابِلَةٌ: see حُبْلَى.

حَابُولٌ A rope [in the form of a hoop] by means of which one ascends palm-trees; (S, M, K;) made of bark, or of [the fibres of the palmtree called] لِيف. (Har pp. 544-5.) أَحْبَلُ: see حَبْلَانُ, voce حَبْلَانَةٌ.

أُحْبُولٌ and أُحْبُولَةٌ: see حِبَالَةٌ.

مَحْبَلٌ The time of pregnancy: (K:) [or the time of one's mother's pregnancy: for] you say, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى مَحْبَلِ فُلَانٍ That was in the time of such a one's mother's being pregnant with him. (S, TA.) So in the saying of El-Mutanakhkhil El-Hudhalee: خُطَّ لَهُ ذٰلِكَ فِى المَحْبَلِ لَا تَقِهِ المَوْتَ وَقِيَّاتُهُ [His possessions by means of which he preserves himself shall not preserve him from death: that was written for him in the time when his mother was pregnant with him: or the last word is المَهْبِلِ: so in the TA in arts. هبل and وقى: see what here follows, in the next sentence]: or the meaning is that here following. (TA.) b2: [The register of God's decrees; which is called] the first writing: (ISd, K:) but in the verse cited above, the last word, accord. to some, is ↓ المَحْبِل, (TA,) which means المَهْبِل, (K, TA,) and this is the reading best known, signifying the place of gestation in the womb. (TA.) مَحْبِلٌ: see what next precedes.

مُحَبَّلٌ: see حَبْلٌ, first sentence. b2: Also Hair crisped, or twisted and contracted: so accord. to the K; in which is added, شِبْهُ الجَثْلِ; but the right reading is شِبْهُ الحَبْلِ [like the rope or cord]: or having its locks twisted like ropes or cords: [thus many Ethiopian races, and some of the Arab women, twist their hair, like cords; and thus, generally, did the ancient Egyptians:] or, accord. to the M, i. q. مَضْفُورٌ [meaning plaited, or twisted]. (TA.) مَحْبُولٌ A wild animal caught, or entangled, in a حَبَالَة [or snare]: (S:) or one for which a حبالة has been set, though he may not as yet have fallen into it: and ↓ مُحْتَبَلٌ [in the CK erroneously مُحْتَبِل] one that has fallen into it, (ISd, K,) and been taken. (ISd, TA.) مُحْتَبَلٌ: see what next precedes. b2: Also [The place of the hobble; i. e.] (tropical:) the pastern of a beast: (T, TA:) or the pasterns of a horse: (S, K:) originally used in relation to a bird caught in a snare. (A, TA.) مُحْتَبِلٌ: see حَابِلٌ.

بر

أ1 بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. generally بُرْءٌ or بَرَآءَةٌ,] He was, or became, clear, or free, of, or from, a thing; in the manners which will be explained below: (Bd ii. 51:) he was, or became, in a state of freedom or immunity, secure, or safe. (T.) [Hence,] بَرِئَ مِنَ المَرَضِ, and بَرَأَ, (T, Msb,) aor. ـَ and بَرُؤَ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) inf. n. بُرْءٌ: (T, Msb:) or بَرِئَ من المرض, inf. n. بُرْءٌ, with damm; and the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, inf. n. بَرْءٌ, with fet-h: (S:) accord. to As, بَرِىَ من المرض is of the dial. of Temeem; and بَرَأَ of the dial. of the people of El-Hijáz: or, accord. to Az, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ; and the rest of the Arabs say بَرِئَ: (T:) or بَرَأَ [alone], said of a sick man, aor. ـُ and بَرَاَ; and بَرِئَ; and بَرُؤَ; inf. n. بَرْءٌ [probably a mistranscription for بُرْءٌ] and بُرُؤٌ: or, accord. to Lh, the people of El-Hijáz say بَرَأَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ [i. e.

بُرُوْءٌ]; and the people of El-'Áliyeh, [بَرَأَ,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤُ; and Temeem, بَرِئَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ: (M:) or بَرَأَ, (K,) said by IKtt to be the most chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) agreeably with analogy, (TA,) and بَرُاَ, (K,) said by Zj to be the only instance of a verb of the measure فَعَلَ with ء for its last radical letter having its aor. of the measure يَفْعُلُ, [though others mention also قَرَأَ, aor. ـْ and هَنَأَ, aor. ـْ and asserted to be a bad form, (TA,) inf. n. بُرْءٌ and بُرُوْءٌ; and بَرُؤَ, (K,) not a chaste form, (TA,) aor. ـُ and بَرِئَ, (K,) a chaste form, (TA,) [and the most common of all,] aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرْءٌ and بُرُؤٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرْءٌ, (CK,) and بُرُوْءٌ; (K, TA;) He became free from the disease, sickness, or malady: (T:) or [he recovered from it:] he became convalescent; or sound, or healthy, at the close of disease, but was yet weak; or he recovered, but not completely, his health and strength; syn. نِقَهَ; (M, K;) i. e., he acquired that slight degree of soundness, or health, which comes at the close of disease, but with disease remaining in him. (TA.) [And بَرِئَ الجُرْجُ, or بَرَأَ, The wound healed; or became in a healing state: of frequent occurrence.] and بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ, [the only form of the verb used in this case, and in the other cases in which it is mentioned below,] aor. ـَ and بَرُاَ, the latter extr., (M, K,) or rather it is very strange, for IKoot says that نَعِمَ, aor. ـْ and فَضِلَ, aor. ـْ are the only instances of this kind, (TA,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ (M, K) and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M, K) and بُرُؤٌ, (M,) or بُرْءٌ, (K, TA,) or بُرُوْءٌ; (CK;) and ↓ تبرّأ; (S, * M, K, Mgh; *) [He was, or became, free from the thing, or affair; or clear, or quit, thereof; clear of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part therein; guiltless of it: and also, irresponsible for it; as in an ex. q. v. voce عِضَاضٌ:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (Lh, M.) You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ العَيْبِ, (Mgh, Msb,) or العُيُوبِ, (S,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (Mgh,) He was, or became, free (Msb) [from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice], (Mgh, Msb,) [or faults, &c.]. (S.) And بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) or الدُّيُونِ, (S,) aor. ـَ (T, Msb,) inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ, (T, Mgh, Msb,) He was, or became, clear, or quit, of the debt; (or debts; S;) irresponsible for it [or them]: or in a state of immunity with respect to it [or them]; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof. (Msb.) And بَرئَ

إِلَيْكَ مِنْ حَقِّكَ, inf. n. بَرَآءَةٌ and بَرَآءٌ (Lh, M) and بُرُؤٌ, [He was, or became, clear, or quit, to thee, of thy claim, or due, or right; or exempt from the demand thereof;] as also ↓ تبرّأ. (M.) And بَرِئْتُ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, inf. n. بَرَآءةٌ, [I was, or became, or have become, clear, to thee, of having or taking, or of having had or taken, any part with such a one; or, irresponsible to thee for such a one:] (Az, T, S: * [in one copy of the S, I find the phrase بَرِئْتُ مِنْكَ, commencing the art.; but not in other copies:]) this is the only form of the verb used in this case, and in relation to debt [and the like]. (Az, T.) b2: He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, [from unclean things, or things occasioning blame; followed by مِنْ, with which it may be rendered he shunned, or avoided;] syn. تَنَزَّهُ and تَبَاعَدَ. (T.) [You say, بَرِئَ مِنَ الأَقْذَارِ He removed himself, or kept, far, or aloof, from unclean things.] b3: He manifested an excuse, [or asserted himself to be clear or quit or irresponsible, like ↓ تبرّأ,] and gave warning; syn. أَعْذَرَ and أَنْذَرَ. (T.) Hence, in the Kur [ix. 1], بَرَآءَةٌ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَرَسُولِهِ A manifestation of excuse, and a warning, from God and his apostle. (T.) A2: بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, (Fr, T, S, M, K,) or الخَلِيَقَةَ, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (T, M, &c.,) inf. n. بَرْءٌ (T, S, M, K) and بُرُوْءٌ, (Az, Lh, M, K,) God created mankind, or the beings, or things, that are created, syn. خَلَقَ, (Fr, T, M, Msb, K,) after no similitude, or model, (TA,) [but, properly, though not always meaning so, out of pre-existing matter; for] Bd says [in ii. 51] that the primary meaning of the root برء is to denote a thing's becoming clear, or free, of, or from, another thing; either by being released [therefrom], as in بَرِئَ المَرِيضُ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and المَدْيُونُ مِنْ دَينِهِ [both sufficiently explained above]; or by production [therefrom], as in بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ مِنَ الطِّينِ [God produced, or created, Adam, from, or out of, clay]. (TA.) This verb relates to substances [as in the exs. given above] and to accidents; and hence, [in the Kur lvii. 22,] مِنْ قبْلِ أَنْ نَبْرَأَهَا [Before our creating it, if ها refer to مُصِيبَة, preceding it; but, as Bd says, it may refer to this, or to الأَرْض, or to أَنْفُس]: (M:) but البَرْءُ has a more particular application than الخَلْقُ; the former being particularly applied to the creation of animate beings, with few exceptions: you say, بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ النَّسَمَةَ وَ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ [God created, or produced, man, or the soul, and He created the heavens and the earth]. (TA.) [To this verb, or perhaps to بَرَي, or to both, בָּרָ is the Hebrew equivalent, properly (though not necessarily always) signifying “ he created out of pre-existing matter,” or “ he fashioned. ”]2 برّأهُ, inf. n. تَبْرئَةٌ: see 4, in four places. [Hence,] لَا التَّبْرِئَةِ The لا that denies in a general manner, absolutely, or to the uttermost; i. e. the لا that is a universal negative. (Mughnee &c.) b2: Also He verified his being free [from a thing], clear, or quit, [of it,] guiltless [of it], or irresponsible [for it]. (Mgh, TA.) 3 بارأهُ, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) inf. n. مُبَارَأَةٌ (T, M, Mgh) and بِرَآءٌ, (M,) He made him (his copartner) free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, the latter doing to him the same: (Mgh:) he compounded, or made a compromise, with him (his hired man, T, M) for their mutual separation: (M:) he separated himself from him (his copartner, S, O), the latter doing the same. (S, O, K.) And بَارَأْتُ الرَّجُلَ I became free, clear, quit, or irresponsible, to the man, he becoming so to me. (M.) And بارأ المَرْأَةَ, (T, M, K,) or امْرَأَتَهُ, (S,) inf. n. as above, (M,) He compounded, or made a compromise, with the woman (or his wife, S) for their mutual separation; (M, K;) i. e. he divorced her for a compensation [which she was to make him, such as her giving up a portion of her dowry remaining due to her, in order that they might be clear, each of the other]: it occurs also [without ء] in art. برى. (TA.) 4 ابرأهُ He (God, S, M, K) [recovered him, or] restored him to convalescence, (M, K,) مِنَ المَرَضِ [from the disease, sickness, or malady]. (S.) b2: أَبْرَأَكَ مِنَ الأَمْرِ and ↓ بَرَّأَكَ (M, K *) He (i. e. God, TA) made thee, pronounced thee, or held thee, or hath made thee, &c., or may He make thee, &c., to be free from the thing or affair, or clear or quit thereof, or guiltless thereof, or irresponsible for it; (TA;) [or He acquitted thee, or hath acquitted thee, or may He acquit thee, thereof; or He showed thee, or hath showed thee, or may He show thee, to be free from it, &c.: see also 2, above:] said in relation to [a fault or the like, and] a debt, and a claim, and religion [&c.]. (M.) You say, مِنَ العَيْبِ ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be free from the fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 69], ↓ فَبَرَّأْهُ اللّٰهُ مِمَا قَالُوا (M) But God showed him to be clear of that which they said. (Bd.) You say also, أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of the debt; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e., exempt from the demand thereof: (Msb:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ مِمَّا لِى

عَلَيْهِ; and ↓ بَرَّأْتُهُ, inf. n. تَبْرِئَةٌ; [I acquitted him of that which he owed me:] (S:) and أَبْرَأْتُهُ [alone] I made him, pronounced him, or held him, to be clear, or quit, of a claim that I had upon him, or a due or right that he owed me. (Mgh.) A2: ابرأ [in the T (as on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee) أَبْرَى] He entered upon [the night, or day, called] البَرَآء, q. v. (K.) 5 تَبَرَّاَ see 1, in three places. تبرّأ مِنْهُ also signifies He asserted himself to be free from it; or clear, or quit, of it; namely, a fault, or the like. (Mgh.) [And He declared himself to be clear of him; to be not connected, or implicated, with him; he renounced him: see Kur ii. 161 and 162, &c:] 6 تَبَارَأْنَا We separated ourselves, each from the other. (TA.) [See 3.]10 استبرأ, (T,) or استبرأ مِنَ البَوْلِ, (Msb,) He took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the orifice of his penis from the remains of urine, by shaking it and pulling it and the like, until he knew that nothing remained in it: (T:) or he purified, or cleansed, himself from urine; syn. تَنَزَّهُ عَنْهُ: (Msb:) or استبرأ, (M,) or استبرأ الذَّكَرَ, (K, TA,) signifies he took extraordinary pains, or the utmost pains, in cleansing the penis from urine; or he cleansed it entirely from urine; (M, * K, * TA;) and so استبرأ الفَرْجَ: and in like manner, استبرأتِ الفَرْجَ said of a woman: (El-Munáwee, TA:) but the lawyers make a distinction between اسْتِبْرَآءٌ and اِسْتِنْقَآءٌ [which are made syn. in the M and K]: see the latter word. (TA.) b2: And استبرأ الجَارِيَةَ, (T, S, Mgh,) or المَرْأَةَ, (M, Msb, K,) He abstained from sexual intercourse (T, M, K) with the girl whom he had purchased or whom he had taken captive, (T,) or with the woman, (M, K,) until she had menstruated (T, M, K) at his abode, once, and then become purified: (T:) the meaning is, (T,) he sought to find her free from pregnancy. (T, Mgh, Msb.) b3: Hence, (Mgh,) استبرأ الشَّيْءِ, (Z, Mgh, Msb,) or الأَمْرَ, (TA,) He searched, searched out, or sought to find or discover, the uttermost of the thing, or affair, (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA,) in order that he might know it, (Mgh,) to put an end to his doubt. (Z, Mgh, Msb, TA.) You say, اِسْتَبْرَأْتُ مَا عِنْدَكَ [I searched, or sought to find or discover, or I have searched, &c., the uttermost of what thou hast, of knowledge &c.]. (S, TA.) And استبرأ أرْضَ كَذَا فَمَا وَجَدَ ضَالَّتَهُ [He searched the uttermost of such a land and found not his stray beast]. (TA.) It is said in the Expos. of the Jámi' es-Sagheer that اِسْتِبْرَآءٌ is an expression denoting The seeking, or seeking leisurely and repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of a thing, until one knows it; considering it with the endeavour to obtain a clear knowledge of it; taking, in doing so, the course prescribed by prudence, precaution, or good judgment. (Mgh.) بُرُأَةٌ A hunter's lurking-place or covert: (T, S, M, K:) pl. بُرَأٌ. (T, S, M.) El-Aashà says, بِهَا بُرَأٌ مِثْلُ الفَسِيلِ المُكَمَّمِ [At it (a source of water mentioned in the context) were hunters' lurking-places, like young palmtrees covered over: for tender young palm-trees are often covered over with a kind of coarse matting]. (T, S, M.) بَرَآءٌ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in six places. b2: البَرَآءٌ The first night of the [lunar] month; (El-Mázinee, T, S, K;) called thus, (S,) or لَيْلَةُ البَرَآءِ, (M,) because the moon has then become clear of the sun: (S, M:) or the first day of the month: (AA, T, K:) or the last night thereof: (As, T, K:) or the last day thereof; (IAar, T, K;) a fortunate day; every event happening therein being regarded as a means of obtaining a blessing; (IAar, T;) but most hold that the last day of the month is termed النَّحِيرَةٌ; (TA;) as also اِبْنُ البَرَآءِ: (K:) or this is the first day of the month: (IAar, T, TA:) pl. أَبْرِئَةٌ. (Th, M.) بُرَآءُ: see بَرِىْءٌ, in two places.

بَرِىْءٌ Free, (Msb,) مِنْهُ from it; namely a fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; (Mgh, Msb;) and, also followed by مِنْهُ, clear, or quit, of it; irresponsible for it; or in a state of immunity with respect to it; i. e. exempt from the demand thereof; namely a debt, (Msb,) or a claim, or due, or right; (Mgh;) as also ↓ بَارِىٌ and ↓ بَرَآءٌ. (Msb.) You say, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ [I am free from it, &c.]; (T, * S, M, K; *) and ↓ بَرَآءٌ, used alike as sing. and dual and pl. (Fr, T, S, M, K) and masc. and fem., (Fr, T, M, K,) because it is originally an inf. n.; (Fr, T, S;) and ↓ بُرَآءٌ: (S, M:) the pl. of بَرِىْءٌ is بَرِيؤُونَ (T, S, K) and بُرَأءُ (T, S, M, K) and بُرَآءٌ, (T, M, K,) of the measure فُعَالٌ, (T,) like رُخَالٌ, (M, K,) of an extr. measure, disapproved by Suh, who says, in the R, that it is a contraction of بُرَأءُ, and has tenween because it resembles [words originally of the measure] فُعَالٌ, and that the rel. n. formed from it is ↓ بُرَاوِىٌّ, (TA,) but it is mentioned by AAF as a pl. of بَرِىْءٌ, and as being like رُخَالٌ, and Fr mentions بُرَآءُ as a pl. of the same, imperfectly decl., with one of the two hemzehs suppressed, (M,) and بِرَآءٌ (S, M, K) and أَبْرَآءٌ (S, K) and أَبْرِئَآءُ, (T, S, K,) the last two anomalous: (TA:) the fem. of بَرِيْءٌ is بَرِيْئَةٌ; pl. بَرِيْآتٌ (T, S, M, K) and بَرِيَّاتٌ (Lh, M, K) and بَرَايَا. (T, S, M, K.) Yousay, أَنَا بَرِىْءٌ مِنْهُ and خَلِىٌّ مِنْهُ [I am free from it; or, more commonly, I am clear, or quit, of it, or him]; and مِنْهُ ↓ أنَا بَرَآءٌ and خَلَآءٌ مِنْهُ; (S;) and مِنْهُ ↓ أَنَا البَرَآءُ: (M:) and ↓ نَحْنُ مِنْكَ البَرَآءُ and الخَلَآءُ [We are clear, or quit, of you]; (Fr, T;) i. e., ذَوُو البَرَآءِ: so says Aboo-Is-hák; and As says the like of what Fr says. (T.) It is said in the Kur [xliii. 25], مِمَّا تَعْبُدُونَ ↓ إِنَّنِى بَرَآءٌ [Verily I am clear of that which ye worship]; (T, M;) or بَرِىْءٌ, or ↓ بُرَآءٌ; accord. to different readers. (Bd.) بَرِىْءٌ occurs in several places in the Kur. (M.) Accord. to IAar, it signifies Clear of evil qualities or dispositions; shunning what is vain and false; remote from actions that occasion suspicion; pure in heart from associating any with God: and it signifies sound in body and intellect. (T.) See also بَارِئٌ, in two places.

بَرَآءَةٌ A writing of [i. e. conferring] immunity or exemption: from بَرِئَ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ and العَيْب, of which it is the inf. n.: pl. بَرَاآتٌ, with medd: بَرَاوَاتٌ is [pl. of بَرَاةٌ, and both of these are] vulgar. (Mgh.) بُرَاوِىٌّ: see بَرِىْءٌ.

البَرِيَّةُ The creation; as meaning the beings, or things, that are created; or, particularly, mankind; syn. الخَلْقُ: (T, S, M:) pronounced without ء; (T, S;) originally with ء, like نَبِىٌّ and ذُرِّيَةٌ; (M;) and the people of Mekkeh differ from the other Arabs in pronouncing these three words with ء: (Yoo, T, M:) Lh says that the Arabs agree in omitting the ء in these three instances; and he does not except the people of Mekkeh: (M:) it is of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of مَفْعُولَةٌ, (Msb,) from بَرَأَ اللّٰهُ الخَلْقَ, meaning خَلَقَهُمْ: (Fr, T:) or, if derived from البَرَى

[“earth” or “dust”], it is originally without ء: (Fr, T, S:) pl. بَرَايَا and بَرِيَّاتٌ. (S in art. برو and برى.) بَارِئٌ, (K,) or بَارِئٌ مِنْ مَرَضِهِ, (Lh, S, M,) [Recovering from his disease, sickness, or malady: or] convalescent; or becoming sound, or healthy, at the close of his disease, but being yet weak; or recovering, but not completely, his health and strength: [see 1:] (M, K:) as also ↓ بَرِئْءٌ: (Lh, M, K:) but whether the latter be properly used in this sense is disputed; while the former is said to be the act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses: (TA:) pl. بِرَآءٌ, (M, K,) like as صِحَاحٌ is pl. of صَحِيحٌ, accord. to Lh, so that he holds it to be pl. of بَرِىْءٌ; or it may be pl. of بَارِئٌ, like as جِيَاعٌ is pl. of جَائِعٌ, and صِحَابٌ of صَاحِبٌ. (M.) ↓ بَرِىْءٌ is sometimes written and pronounced بَرِىٌّ [in all its senses]. (Kz.) b2: See also بَرِيْءٌ.

A2: البَارِئُ, applied to God, The Creator; (T, S, Msb;) He who hath created the things that are created, not after any similitude, or model; (Nh;) or He who hath created those things free from any incongruity, or faultiness, (Mgh, and Bd in ii. 51,) and distinguished, one from another, by various forms and outward appearances: (Bd:) or the Former, or Fashioner; syn. المُصَوِّرُ [q. v.]. (M.)

برش

1 بَرِشَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرَشٌ, i. q. بَرِصَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. بَرَصٌ: (Msb:) [or rather, used allusively for the latter verb: see أَبْرَشُ. See also بَرَشٌ, below.]9 ابرشّ, inf. n. إِبْرشَاشٌ, He (a horse) was, or became, marked with small specks, called بَرَش, differing from the rest of his colour. (S.) بَرَشٌ, in the hair of a horse, Small specks, differing from the rest of the colour; (S, K;) as also ↓ بُرْشَةٌ: (K:) or both signify a colour in which one speck is red and another black or dustcoloured or the like. (TA.) b2: And hence, (T-A,) the former, (A, TA,) or ↓ both (K,) A whiteness that appears upon the nails. (Ibráheem El-Harbee, A, K.) b3: And the former, White specks in the skin. (A.) b4: [See also 1.]

بُرْشَةٌ: see بَرَشٌ, in two places.

بَرِيشٌ: see أَبْرَشُ.

أَبْرَشُ, applied to a horse, (S, K,) or to one of the sort termed بِرْذَون, (Lh,) Marked with the small speaks termed بَرَش; (Lh, S, K;) as also ↓ بَرِيشٌ. (K.) Also, شَاةٌ بَرْشَآءُ A ewe, or she-goat, marked with specks of various colours. (TA.) And حَيَّةٌ بَرْشَآءُ A serpent black speckled with white, or white speckled with black. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] i. q. أَبْرَصُ: fem. بَرْشَآءُ: pl. بُرْشٌ: (Msb:) [or rather, used allusively for أَبْرَصُ; for] Jedheemeh (S, A, K) Ibn-Málik (S, TA) Ibn-Fahm, (TA,) the king [of El-Heereh], (K,) was surnamed الأَبْرَشُ in allusion to his being أَبْرَص; (S, A, K;) the Arabs fearing to apply to him this latter epithet: (K:) or he was thus called because he was marked with black or red specks caused by a burn. (Kh.) b3: مَكَانٌ أَبْرَشُ A place of various colours, abounding in plants or herbage: (K:) and أَرْضٌ بَرْشَآءٌ, and سَنَةٌ بَرْشَآءُ, land, and a year, in which is abundance of herbage (Ks, K) of various colours; (Ks;) as also رَبْشَآءُ and رَمْشَآءُ. (TA.)

بعض

1 بَعَضَهُ البَعُوضُ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. بَعْضٌ, The بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes,] bit him; and annoyed, or molested, him. (TA.) And بُعِضُوا They were bitten by the بَعُوض: (A:) or were annoyed, or molested, thereby. (K.) بَعَضَهُ is not used in relation to anything but بَعُوض. (TA.) A poet says, praising a man who passed the night within a كِلَّة [or thin curtain used for protection from gnats, or musquitoes], which is also called أَبُو دِثَارٍ, لَنِعْمَ البَيْتُ بَيْتُ أَبِى دِثَارٍ

إِذَا مَا خَافَ بَعْضُ القَوْمِ بَعْضَا [Excellent indeed is the tent, the tent of Aboo-Dithár, when some of the people fear biting, and annoyance, or molestation, from gnats, or musquitoes]: by بعضا meaning عَضًّا. (TA.) 2 بعضهُ, inf. n. تَبْعِيضٌ, He divided it into parts, or portions, (S, A, Msb, K,) distinct, or separate, one from another. (Msb) You say, أَخَذُوا مَالَهُ فَبَعَّضُوهُ They took his property and divided it into parts, or portions. (A, TA.) And عَضَّى الشَّاةَ وَ بَعَّضَهَا [He limbed, or dismembered, the sheep, or goat, and divided it into parts, or portions]. (A, TA.) [Hence,] مِنْ in certain cases, and بِ in the like cases, as in the saying شَرِبْتُ بِمَآءِ كَذَا [“ I drank of,” i. e. “ some of, such water ”], are said to be لِلتَّبْعِيضِ [For the purpose of dividing into parts, or portions]. (Msb.) 4 ابعضوا They had بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes], (K,) or abundance thereof, (A,) in their land. (A, K.) 5 تبعّض It was, or became, divided into parts, or portions. (S, K.) بَعْضٌ Some, or somewhat or some one, (lit. a thing,) of things, or of a thing: Th says that it signifies thus accord. to all the grammarians; (Msb, TA;) except Hishám, as will be seen hereafter: (TA:) or a part, or portion, (A, Msb, K,) of a thing, (Msb,) or of anything; (A, K;) whether little or much: (TA:) accord. to both these explanations, it may denote the greater part; as eight of ten: (Msb:) [thus it signifies some one or more; and it relates to persons and to other things:] pl. أَبْعَاضٌ; (S, IJ, K;) but ISd doubts whether IJ had an authority for this. (TA.) You say, بَعْضُ الشَّرِّ أَهْوَنُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ [Some kinds of evil are easier to be borne than some]. (A.) And جَارِيَةٌ حُسَّانَةٌ يُشْبِهُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا [A very beautiful girl, parts of whom resemble other parts]. (A.) [And ضَرَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا Some of them beat some; i. e. they beat one another.] And لَبِثْنَا يَوْمًا

أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ [We have tarried a day or part of a day]. (Kur xviii. 18.) And one says to a man of a company of men, “Who did this? ” and he answers, أَحَدُنَا or بَعْضُنَا [Some one of us]; meaning himself. (A.) The article ال should not be prefixed to it, (K, * TA,) because it is originally a prefixed n., and as such determinate either literally or virtually, so that it does not admit another cause of being determinate; (TA;) contr. to what is said by IDrst (K, TA) and Ez-Zejjájee; for they said البَعْضُ and الكُلُّ; which, properly, as ISd says, is not allowable; and it is said in the O that IDrst, in this matter, was at variance with all the people of his age: (TA:) AHát says that the Arabs did not say الكُلُّ nor البَعْضُ, but that people used these expressions, even Sb and Akh in their two books, by reason of their little knowledge in this way: (K, * TA:) a remark, says MF, which is extr., and needs no comment: (TA:) [for who surpassed Sb and Akh in knowledge respecting matters of this kind?] AHát also relates his having told As that he had seen in the book of [that celebrated and chaste author] Ibn-ElMukaffa', العِلْمُ الكَثِيرٌ وَ لٰكِنَّ أَخْذَ البَعْضِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ تَرْكِ الكُلِّ [Science is large; but the acquiring of part is better than the neglecting of the whole]; and that As disapproved of it most strongly, saying that the article ال is not prefixed to بَعْضٌ and كُلٌّ because they are determinate without it: (TA:) Az, however, says that the grammarians allow its being prefixed to these two words, (Msb, TA,) though As disallows it, (TA,) because they are meant to be understood as prefixed ns.; (Msb;) or because the article is meant to be a substitute for the noun to which they should be prefixed; or, in the case of بَعْضٌ, because this word is equivalent to جُزْءٌ, which receives the article ال. (MF.) It is related of AO, that he assigned also to بَعْضٌ the contr. meaning of All; or the whole: adducing as a proof thereof the words of the Kur [xl. 29], يُصِبْكُمْ بَعْضُ الَّذِى

يَعِدُكُمْ as meaning All of that with which he threateneth you will befall you: and the saying of Lebeed.

أَوْ يَعْتَلِقْ بَعْضَ النُّفُوسِ حِمَامُهَا [as meaning Or their death shall cling to all living creatures: or, accord. to another relation, او يَرْتَبِطْ, which means the same as او يعتلق]: thus also AHeyth explains the above-cited verse of the Kur; and thus Hishám explains the saying of Lebeed, erroneously asserting that بعض is here a pl.: (TA:) but with respect to the former instance, the Prophet had threatened them with two things, the punishment of the present world and that of the world to come; so he says, “This punishment will befall you in the present world; ”

which is part (بعض] of the two threats; without denying the punishment of the world to come: or, as Aboo-Is-hák says, he mentions the part to indicate the necessary consequence of the whole: and as to the saying of Lebeed, by بعض النفوس he means himself. (TA [app. from ISd].) أَرْضٌ بَعِضَةٌ A land abounding with بَعُوض [or gnats, or musquitoes]; (K;) as also ↓ مَبْعَضَةٌ, like as you say مَبَقَّةٌ. (TA.) And لَيْلَةٌ بَعِضَةٌ A night in which are many بَعُوض; as also ↓ مَبْعُوضَةٌ (A, K.) بَعُوضٌ [Gnats, or musquitoes;] i. q. بَقَّ [which signifies both gnats, or musquitoes, (called in Egypt نَامُوس,) and also bugs]: n. un. with ة: (S:) or pl. of بَعُوضَةٌ, (K,) which signifies i. q. بَقَّةٌ. (A, K.) A poet speaks of the humming of the بعوض of the water. (TA.) The author of the K says, in the B, that the word is taken from بَعْضٌ, because of the smallness of the body of the بعوضة in comparison with other living things. (TA.) You say, كَلَّفَنِى مُخَّ البَعُوضِ (tropical:) He imposed upon me a difficult thing: (A:) or an impossible thing. (TS, K.) أَرْضٌ مَبْعَضَةٌ: see بَعِضَةٌ لَيْلَةٌ مَبْعُوضَةٌ: see بَعِضَةٌ

بهم

2 بهّموا البَهْمِ, inf. n. تَبْهِيمٌ, They separated the بهم [i. e. lambs, or kids, or both,] from their mothers, (S, K,) and pastured them alone. (S.) A2: بهّموا بِالمَكَانِ, inf. n. as above, They stayed, or remained, in the place; (K, TA;) did not quit it. (TA.) b2: Also بهّم, said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He continued looking at a thing without his being relieved by doing so. (JK.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He was silent, and confounded, or perplexed, when asked respecting a thing. (JK.) b4: (assumed tropical:) He did not fight, or engage in conflict. (JK.) 4 ابهم, (K,) inf. n. إِبْهَامٌ, (JK,) (assumed tropical:) It (a thing, or an affair,) was, or became, dubious, confused, or vague, (JK, K, TA,) so that one knew not the way, or manner, in which it should be engaged in, done, executed, or performed; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ استبهم; (JK, K, TA;) for which grammarians often use ↓ انبهم; but this has not been heard in the [classical] language of the Arabs: (MF, TA:) [said to be] from بَهِيمٌ denoting a colour, whatever it be, except that which is termed شُهْبَة, in which is no colour differing therefrom. (Har p. 50.) A2: He closed, or locked, a door; (S, Mgh, TA;) [or, so that one could not find the way to open it; (see مُبْهَمٌ;)] and stopped it up. (TA.) [and hence,] one says of the thumb, تُبْهِمُ الكَفَّ, meaning It closes upon [the palm of] the hand, as a cover. (TA.) b2: [Hence also,] (assumed tropical:) He made a thing, or an affair, to be dubious, confused, or vague, (JK, TA, *) so that there was no way, or manner, of knowing it, (TA,) or so that one knew not the way, or manner, in which it should be engaged in, done, executed, or performed: (JK:) [in the former sense, or meaning (assumed tropical:) he made it to be dubious, confused, or vague,] said of speech, or language, (K in art. غمض, &c.,) and of information, or news, or a narration; (Msb;) contr. of أَوْضَحَ; (TA in art. غمض;) i. q. لمْ يُبَيِّنْ. (Msb.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He made, or held, a thing to be vague, or indefinite. (Mgh.) b4: And, said of a prohibited thing, (assumed tropical:) He made it, or held it, to be not allowable in any manner, nor for any cause: (Az, TA:) or to be prohibited unconditionally. (Mgh.) [See مُبْهَمٌ.] b5: (assumed tropical:) He made a man to turn away, or withdraw, or retire, (JK, K,) عَنْ كَذَا from such a thing, (JK,) or عَنِ الأَمْرِ from the affair. (K.) A3: ابهمت الأَرْضُ The land produced what is termed بُهْمَى: (JK, K:) or produced much thereof. (S.) 5 تَبَهَّمَ see 10.7 إِنْبَهَمَ see 4.10 إِسْتَبْهَمَ see 4. b2: You say, استبهم عَلَيْهِ الأَمْرُ (tropical:) The affair was as though it were closed against him, so that he knew not the way in which to engage in it, or execute it; syn. أُرْتِجَ عَلَيْهِ. (TA.) and استبهم عَلَيْهِ, (K,) or استبهم عليه الكَلَامُ, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Speech was as though it were closed against him; or he was, or became, impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tongue-tied; (S, * K, TA;) syn. اِسْتَغْلَقَ; (S;) and عليه كَلَامُهُ ↓ تبهّم [signifies the same]; syn. أُرْتِجَ; (JK, S; *) on the authority of Az. (S.) And استبهم الخَبَرُ (assumed tropical:) The information, or narration, was dubious, confused, vague, or difficult to be understood or expressed; or was not to be understood or expressed; as though it were closed [against the hearer or speaker]; syn. اِسْتَغْلَقَ, and اِسْتَعْجَمَ. (Msb.) بَهْمٌ is pl. of ↓ بَهْمَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) as are also ↓ بَهَمٌ and بِهَامٌ, (K,) [or rather بَهْمٌ is a coll. gen. n., and ↓ بَهْمَةٌ is its n. un., and ↓ بَهَمٌ is a quasi-pl. n., and] بِهَامٌ is pl. of بَهْمٌ, (S, Msb,) and بِهَامَاتِ is a pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of بِهَامٌ]: (K:) ↓ بَهْمَةٌ signifies A lamb, and is applied to the male and the female; (S, Msb;) or, accord. to a trad. in which it occurs, it is a name for the female; (IAth, TA;) but بِهَامٌ, which is applied to lambs when they are alone, as سِخَالٌ is to kids when they are alone, is also applied to lambs and kids together: (S, * Msb:) or, accord. to IF, بَهْمٌ signifies young lambs or goats: (Msb:) and accord. to Az, (Msb,) or A'Obeyd, (TA,) ↓ بَهْمَةٌ is applied to a lamb or goat, whether male or female, after the period when it is termed سَخْلَةٌ, which is when it is just brought forth; (Msb, TA;) and its pl. is ابهم: (Msb: [so in my copy of that work, as though meant for أَبْهُمٌ; but perhaps a mistranscription for البَهْمُ:]) or it is applied to a lamb or goat when just brought forth, i. e., before it is termed سَخْلَةٌ: (Mgh: [and this is agreeable with its application in a trad. cited by IAth:]) or to the young one, not, as in the K, young ones, (TA,) of the sheep, and of the goat, and of an animal of the bovine kind (K, TA) both wild and not wild, alike to the male and the female, while small; or, as some say, when it has attained to youthful vigour: (TA:) Lebeed applies بِهَامٌ to the young ones of [wild] animals of the bovine kind: (S, TA:) accord. to Th, بَهْمٌ signifies young kids. (TA.) b2: سَعْدُ البِهَامِ One of the Mansions (K, TA) of the Moon: (TA:) or two stars which are not of the Mansions of the Moon. (S and L and K in art. سعد, q. v.) بَهَمٌ: see بَهْمٌ, in two places.

بَهِمٌ an epithet of which only the fem. form is mentioned. You say] أَرْضٌ بَهِمَةٌ Land abounding with what is termed بُهْمَى: (AHn, K:) the word بهمة is a possessive epithet. (TA.) بَهْمَةٌ: see بَهْمٌ, in four places.

بُهْمَةٌ A rock, or great mass of stone or of hard stone, (K, TA,) that is solid, not hollow. (TA.) b2: And hence, accord. to some, (TA,) or because his condition is such that one knows not how to prevail with him, (Ham pp. 334 and 610,) A courageous man, (K, and Ham ubi suprà,) or a horseman, (AO, S,) to whom one knows not the way whence to gain access, or whence to come, (AO, S, K,) by reason of his great might, or valour: (AO, S:) or, as in the Nawádir, رَجُلٌ بُهْمَةٌ signifies a man who will not be turned from a thing that he desires to do: (TA:) it is not applied as an epithet to a woman: (IJ, TA:) pl. بُهَمٌ. (S, A.) You say, هُوَ بُهْمَةٌ مِنَ البُهَمِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He is a courageous man, of those to whom the approach is as though it were closed against his adversaries. (A, TA.) Accord. to IJ, it is an inf. n. used as an epithet, though having no verb. (TA.) [Hence,] it applies to one and to a number of persons. (Ham p. 494.) [For] it signifies also b3: (assumed tropical:) An army: (S, K:) or courageous men, or courageous men clad in armour; because one knows not the way in which to fight with them: or, as some say, a company of horsemen: (TA:) pl. as above. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A difficult affair or case; (K, TA;) such that one cannot find the way to perform it, or manage it: pl. as above. (TA.) You say, وَقَعَ فِى بُهْمَةٍ لَا يُتَّجَهُ لَهَا (assumed tropical:) [He fell into a difficult, or an embarrassing, case, which one knew not the way to manage]. (TA.) The pl. is also explained as meaning (assumed tropical:) Dubious, confused, or vague, affairs or cases. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) Blackness. (TA.) b6: And البُهَمُ (assumed tropical:) The three nights in which the moon does not [visibly] rise. (TA.) بُهْمَى, a word both sing. and pl., (Sb, S, K,) its alif [written ى] being a denotative of the fem. gender, wherefore it is without tenween; (Sb, S;) or [it is written بُهْمًى, with tenween, for it is a coll. gen. n., and] its n. un. is بُهْمَاةٌ, (S, K, and so in the JK,) its alif, some say, being a letter of quasi-coordination; but Mbr says that this is not known, and that the alif in a word of the measure فُعْلى is nought but a denotative of the fem. gender; (S;) and the n. un. بهماة is anomalous; (El-'Ash-moonee's Expos. of the Alfeeyeh of Ibn-Málik, § التأنيث;) [A species of barley-grass; app. hordeum murinum, or common wall-barley-grass;] a certain plant, (Lth, JK, S, K,) well known; (K;) the sheep and goats, (Lth, TA,) or the camels, (JK,) are vehemently fond of it as long as it is green; (Lth, JK, TA;) but when it dries up, its prickles bristle out, and it repugns; (Lth, TA;) it is of the herbs (بُقُول) that are termed أَحْرَاز [app. here meaning slender and sweet] when fresh and when dry, and comes forth at first undistinguishably as to species, from the earth, like as does corn; then it becomes like corn, and puts forth prickles like those [that compose the awn, or beard,] of the ear of corn, which, when they enter the noses of the sheep or goats and the camels, cause pain to their noses, until men pull them out from their mouths and their noses; and when it becomes large, and dries up, it is a pasture that is fed upon until the rain of the next year falls upon it, when its seed that has fallen from its ears germinates beneath it. (AHn, TA.) بَهِيمٌ Black: (K:) pl. بُهُمٌ. (TA.) And [app. used also as a subst., signifying] A black ewe (K, TA) in which is no whiteness: pl. as above and بُهْمٌ. (TA.) b2: Applied to a horse, to the male and the female, (S, * Mgh, * K,) Of one, unmixed, colour; in which is no colour differing from the rest: (S, Mgh, K:) pl. بُهُمٌ. (S.) لَا أَغَرُّ وَ لَا بَهِيمٌ [Not having a star, or blaze, on the forehead or face, nor of one, unmixed, colour, or not white nor black, (some such proposition as “This is a horse” being understood before لا,)] is a prov. applied to a dubious, confused, or vague, affair or case. (TA.) b3: A colour of one kind, (JK,) in which is no colour differing from the rest, (JK, and Har p. 50,) whatever colour it be, except that which is termed شُهْبَة: (Har ubi suprà:) or a colour that is clear, pure, or unmixed, not resembling any other, (AA, K, * TA,) whether it be black or any other colour, (AA, TA,) except, as Z says, that which is termed شُهْبَة. (TA.) b4: A night in which is no light (JK, TA) until the dawn. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) A sound, or voice, in which is no trilling, or quavering, or reiteration in the throat or fauces. (JK, K, * TA. *) b6: Perfect, or complete, in make; as also ↓ مُبْهَمٌ: pl. بُهْمٌ: so in the phrase in a trad. (respecting the day of resurrection, TA), يُحْشَرُ النَّاسُ بُهْمًا, i. e. Mankind shall be congregated perfect, or complete, in make, without mutilation, or defect: (JK:) or the meaning here is, sound, or healthy: (S:) or not having any of the diseases or noxious affections of the present state, as blindness, and elephantiasis, and leprosy, and blindness of one eye, and lameness, &c.: (A'Obeyd, K, * TA:) or naked; (JK, K;) not having upon them anything to conceal them: (JK:) or not having with them anything (S, TA) of worldly goods or commodities. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) Unknown. (El-Khattábee, TA.) A2: See also إِبْهَامٌ.

بَهِيمَةٌ [A beast; a brute;] any quadruped, (Akh, M, Msb, K,) even if in the water, (Akh, M, K,) [i. e.,] of the land and of the sea; (Msb;) and (so in the Msb, but in the K “or”) any animal that does not discriminate: (Zj, Msb, K:) pl. بَهَائِمُ. (S, Msb, K.) بَهِيمِى Of, or relating to, beasts, or brutes.]

بَهِيمِيَّةٌ The nature of beasts, or brutes.]

أَبْهَمُ: see مُبْهَمٌ, in two places. b2: Also i. q. أَعْجَمُ [app. as meaning Destitute of the faculty of speech or articulation, like the beasts]. (K.) إِبْهَامٌ The thumb, and the great toe; (M, K;) the greatest إِصْبَع, (JK, T, S,) that is next to the forefinger, having two joints, so called because it closes upon [the palm of] the hand, as a cover; (T, TA;) the greatest of the أَصَابِع in the hand and in the foot: (M, K:) of the fem. gender, (S, Msb,) accord. to common repute; (Msb;) and sometimes masc.: (Lh, M, K:) and ↓ بَهِيمٌ signifies the same; mentioned by Az in the T, and by others; but Az adds that one should not say بِهَامٌ: (TA:) the pl. of ابهام is أَبَاهِيمُ (JK, S, M, Msb, K) and أَبَاهِمُ, (M, K,) which latter is used by poetic license for the former, (M,) and إِبْهَامَاتٌ. (Msb.) أَقْصَرُ مِنْ إِبْهَامِ الضَّبِّ [Shorter than the great toe of the (lizard called) ضبّ], and من ابهام القَطَاةِ [than the back toe of the (bird called) قطاة], and من ابهام الحُبَارَى [than the back toe of the (bird called) حبارى], are proverbs of the Arabs. (Har p. 335.) مُبْهَمٌ, applied to a door, Closed, or locked, (JK, K,) so that one cannot find the way to open it: (JK, TA:) and stopped up: (TA:) or having a lock upon it, with which it is fastened. (Mgh.) b2: A wall in which is no door. (TA.) b3: A chest having no lock [by means of which it may be opened]. (IAmb, TA.) b4: I. q. مُصْمَتٌ [as meaning Solid; not hollow; in the CK أَصْمَتُ, which signifies the same]; as also ↓ أَبْهَمُ: (K:) having no fissure in it: and ↓ the latter, applied to a heart is said to mean (assumed tropical:) impenetrable by admonition. (TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) A thing, or an affair, made to be dubious, confused, or vague; (JK;) [such that there is no way, or manner, of knowing it; (see the verb;)] or such that one knows not the way, or manner, in which it should be engaged in, done, executed, or performed: (JK, S, Mgh, TA:) (assumed tropical:) speech, or language, [that is dubious, confused, or vague,] such that there is no way, or manner, of knowing it: (Mgh, TA:) applied to a road, (assumed tropical:) unapparent, or hardly apparent: (TA:) and, applied to the ordinance respecting the making up for the days in which one has broken a fast, [and to many other cases,] (assumed tropical:) undefined; in this instance meaning, as to whether the days may be interrupted, or whether they must be consecutive. (Mgh.) [Hence,] مُبْهَمَاتٌ (assumed tropical:) Difficult things, or affairs, such that one cannot find the way to perform them. (TA.) and الأَسْمَآءُ المُبْهَمَةُ, so termed by the grammarians, (assumed tropical:) The nouns of indication, (S, K,) such as هٰذَا and هٰؤُلَآءِ and ذَاكَ and أُولَائِكَ: (S:) accord. to Az, الحُرُوفُ المُبْهَمَةُ signifies (assumed tropical:) the particles which have no derivatives, and of which the roots are not known, as الَّذِى and مَا and مَنْ and عَنْ and the like. (TA.) b6: Applied to a vow, and to [certain ordinances respecting] marriage and divorce and emancipation, (assumed tropical:) From which there is no getting out, or extricating of oneself; as though they were closed doors with locks upon them: (Mgh:) and, applied to prohibited things, (assumed tropical:) not allowable in any manner, (T, K, TA,) nor for any cause; (T, TA;) or prohibited unconditionally; (Mgh;) as the prohibition of [the marriage with] the mother, and the sister, (T, Mgh, * K, TA,) and the like: (T, TA:) such a woman is said to be مُبْهَمَةٌ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) [absolutely prohibited to the man; as though she were closed against him, or inaccessible to him]. (Msb. [But in this last work it seems to be مثبْهِمَةٌ, which is not agreeable with common usage.]) In the copies of the K, بُهْمٌ and بُهُمٌ are given as pls. of this word: but it seems that there is an omission or a misplacement in the passage; for these are said to be pls. of بَهِيمٌ, as shown above. (TA.) b7: (assumed tropical:) In a state of swooning or insensibility, speechless, and without discrimination; in consequence of a blow [&c.]. (TA.) b8: See also بَهِيمٌ.

مُسْتَبْهِمٌ عَنِ الكَلَامِ (assumed tropical:) Debarred from the faculty of speech. (Niftaweyh, TA.)

دفع

1 دَفَعَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. دَفْعٌ (Msb, K) and دَفَاعٌ (TA) and مَدْفَعٌ, (K,) [He impelled it, pushed it, thrust it, or drove it; and particularly, so as to remove it from its place; he propelled it; he repelled, or repulsed, it; he pushed it, thrust it, or drove it, away, or back;] he put it away, or removed it from its place, (Msb, TA,) by, or with, force, or strength: (TA:) or دَفْعٌ signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing before the coming or arriving [of that thing]; like as رَفْعٌ signifies the “ putting away or removing or turning back ” a thing “ after the coming or arriving ” thereof. (Kull p. 185.) Hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 252, and xxii. 41], وَلَوْ لَا دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النَّاسَ [and were it not for God's repelling men]; where some read ↓ دِفَاعُ [which means the same, as will be seen in the course of what follows, though bearing also another interpretation, likewise to be seen in what follows]. (TA.) You say, دَفَعْتُ الرَّجُلَ [I impelled, pushed, &c., the man]. (S.) And ↓ دافعهُ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ [and مُدَافَعَةٌ]; and ↓ دفّعهُ; (TA;) [both, app., accord. to the TA, signifying the same; but the latter more properly relates to several objects together, or signifies he impelled it, pushed it, &c., much, or vehemently, or often; whereas] مُدَافَعَةٌ (K, TA) and دِفَاعٌ (TA) are [often exactly] syn. with دَفْعٌ. (K, TA.) Thus, (TA,) you say, as meaning the same, عَنْهُ ↓ دافع and دَفَعَ [He repelled from him; whence another explanation of these two phrases, which see in what follows]. (S, TA.) And hence, دَفَعَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ المَكْرُوهَ, inf. n. دَفْعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee what is disliked, or hated, or evil]: (TA:) and اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ السُّوْءَ ↓ دَافَعَ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee evil]. (S, TA.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنْهُ الأَذَى (tropical:) [I repelled, or averted, from him what was hurtful, or annoying; as also ↓ دَافَعْتُ]. (Msb, K, TA.) Sb mentions, as a saying of the Arabs, اِدْفَعِ الشَّرَّ وَلَوْ إِصْبَعًا (tropical:) [Repel thou, or avert thou, evil, or mischief, though but with a finger: the last word being in the accus. case by reason of the subaudition of the prep. ب; the meaning being بِإِصْبَعٍ]. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَفُوعٌ.] When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of عَنْ, [and has a single objective complement, a second objective complement is understood, and in general] it has the meaning or the act of (assumed tropical:) Defending; as in the Kur [xxii. 39], إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا (assumed tropical:) [Verily God defendeth those who have believed; i. e. repelleth from them aggression and the like]; (B;) and ↓ يُدَافِعُ, in the same, (K, TA,) accord. to another reading, signifies the same; (K, TA;) or this latter signifies (assumed tropical:) defendeth energetically, with the energy of him who contendeth for superiority in so doing. (Bd.) And عَنْهُ ↓ دَافَعْتُ signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) I pleaded, or contended in arguments, in defence of him. (Msb.) [Exceptions to the statement cited above form the B will be found in what follows in this paragraph; and another exception, voce مُدَفَّعٌ.] b2: [In the exs. which follow, the verb is used in senses little differing, essentially, from those assigned to it in the first sentence of this art.] b3: دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفَْعَةً [I poured forth from the vessel a single pouring]: the last word, which is with fet-h, is an inf. n. [of un.]. (Msb.) b4: دَفَعَتِ اللِّبَأَفِى

ضَرْعِهَا قُبَيْلَ النِّتَاجِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe, or goat, S, or a camel, S, K) infused the first milk into her udder, i. e. secreted it therein, a little before bringing forth]. (S, K.) And دَفَعَتِ اللَّبَنِ عَلَى

رَأْسِ وَلَدِهَا لِكَثْرَتِهِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe or goat, or a camel, TA) secreted the milk in her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance]; for the milk becomes abundant in her udder only when she is about to bring forth: the inf. n. [app. the inf. n. of un.] is دَفْعَةٌ. (TA.) And دَفَعَتْ alone, said of a ewe or goat, signifies (assumed tropical:) She secreted milk in her udder when about to produce the young; expl. by أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [which see in art. ضرع]. (S, TA.) Accord. to En-Nadr, one says دَفَعَتْ بِلَبِنِهَا, and بِاللَّبَنِ, when her young is in her belly; but when she has brought forth, one does not say دَفَعَتْ. (TA.) b5: In the saying, غَشِيِتْنَا سَحَابَةٌ فَدَفَعْنَاهَا إِلَى غَيْرِنَا [lit. A cloud overspread us, and we drove it away to other persons], meaning (tropical:) it departed from us to other persons, دفعناها is for دَفَعَتْنَا, which means دُفِعَتْ عَنَّا [lit. it was driven away from us]. (TA.) b6: دَفَعَهُ بِحُجَّةٍ (assumed tropical:) [He refelled him, or refuted him, by an argument or the like]. (MF in art. كفح.) b7: دَفَعْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I rebutted the saying; repelled it by an argument, an allegation, or a proof. (Msb.) b8: اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا (tropical:) Leave thou this, sparing him. (As, TA.) [See مُدَفَّعٌ.]

b9: [In several exs. here following, the verb resembles اندفع; نَفْسَهُ, or the like, being understood after it.] b10: دَفَعَ المَآءُ [The water poured out, or forth, as though it impelled, or propelled, itself]: (TA: [where it is followed by وَانْصَبَّ, as an explicative adjunct:]) and so السَّيْلُ [the torrent]. (ISh.) [See also 6.] And دَفَعَ الوَادِى

بِالمَآءِ [The valley poured with water]. (TA in art. حشك.) b11: دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He pushed, or pressed, on, or forward, as though he impelled himself, in his running]. (S in art. غور; &c.) [See also 7.] b12: دَفَعَ القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people, or company of men, came at once. (Msb.) b13: دَفَعَ إِلَى

المَكَانِ, (TA,) and دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ, (Msb, TA,) in the pass. form, (Msb,) (tropical:) He reached, or came to, the place. (Msb, TA.) You say also, هٰذَا طَرِيقٌ يَدْفَعُ

إِلَى مَكَانِ كَذَا (tropical:) This is a road which reaches to such a place. (TA.) b14: دَفَعَ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ (assumed tropical:) He commenced the journey from 'Arafát, and impelled and removed himself thence, or impelled his she-camel, and urged her to go. (TA, from a trad.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنِ المَوْضِعِ (assumed tropical:) I removed, went, went away, or journeyed, from the place. (Msb.) [See again 7.] b15: دَفَعَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He returned. (MF.) b16: When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of إِلَى, it [generally, but not always, as has been shown above,] has the meaning of the act of Giving, or delivering; as in the Kur [iv. 5], فَادْفَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ [Then give ye, or deliver ye, to them their property]. (B.) You say, دَفَعْتُ

إِلَىى فُلَانٍ شَيْئًا [I gave, or delivered, to such a one a thing]. (S, K. *) And دَفَعْتُ الوَدِيعَةَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا I restored the deposit to its owner. (Msb.) and دَفَعْتُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ المَالِ [I gave him a part, or portion, of the property]. (S in art. زعب; and the like is said in that art. in the K.) And دَفَعَهُ [alone] He gave it; syn. أَعْطَاهُ. (Er-Rághib, MF.) 2 دَفَّعَ see 1; fourth sentence. b2: دفّعهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) He drove him, compelled him, or necessitated him, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) b3: دفّعهُ also signifies He rendered him abject and contemptible, or poor; as though deserving to be repelled. (Ibn-Maaroof, as cited by Golius.) [See the pass. part. n., below.] b4: دفّع قَوْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made his bow even. (AHn, TA.) 3 مُدَافَعَةٌ [in its primary acceptation] signifies The contending, or striving, with another, to push him, or repel him; or the pushing, or repelling, another, being pushed, or repelled, by him; or the pushing against another; syn. مُزَاحَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence, يُدَافِعُ الأَخْبَثَيْنِ He is striving to suppress the urine and ordure: see أَخْبَثُ. And مُدَافَعَةُ العَيْشِ The striving to retain life: see 2 in art. زلج. b2: But it is often used in the same sense as دَفْعٌ:] see the verb and its two inf. ns. in seven places in the former half of the first paragraph of this article. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) i. q. مُمَاطَلَةٌ: (S, K, TA:) in some of the copies of the S, مُطَاوَلَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَافَعْتُهُ بِحَقِّهِ, (JM, TA,) or عَنْ حَقِّهِ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) I deferred with him, delayed with him, or put him off, in the matter of his right, or due, by promising time after time to render it to him; [and so repelled him, or strove to repel him, from it;] syn. مَاطَلْتُهُ. (JM, Msb, TA.) And دافع بِحَاجَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He deferred, delayed, postponed, or put off, his (another's) needful affair. (L in art. رثد.) b4: دافع الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) The man attached, or devoted, himself to such an affair, and exerted himself, and persisted, or persevered, in it. (TA.) 5 تَدَفَّعَ see 6, and 7.6 تدافعوا [They contended, or strove, together, to push, or repel, one another; or] they pushed, or repelled, one another; or pushed against one another. (Msb.) You say, تدافعوا فِى الحَرْبِ They pushed, thrust, or repelled, one another in war, or battle. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] تدافع الكَلَامَانِ (assumed tropical:) The two sayings, or sentences, opposed, or contradicted, each other; conflicted; were mutually repugnant. (Msb in art. نقض.) b3: تدافع السَّيْلُ (tropical:) The torrent was impelled, driven, or propelled, in its several parts, or portions, by the impetus of one part, or portion, acting upon another; and in like manner, [or as signifying it became impelled, driven, or propelled,] ↓ اندفع, and [in an intensive sense] ↓ تدفّع. (TA.) [See also دَفَعَ.

السَّيْلُ.] b4: تدافع جَرْىُ الفَرَسِ [in like manner signifies (assumed tropical:) The running of the horse continued by successive impulses, his force of motion in each part of his course impelling him through the next]. (TA.) b5: See also 7.

A2: [It is also trans.] You say, تدافعوا الشَّىْءَ They repelled the thing, every one of them from himself. (TA.) And ضَيْفٌ يَتَدافَعُهُ الحَىُّ [A guest whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself]. (IDrd, K.) 7 اندفع is quasi-pass. of دَفَعَهُ; (S, K, TA;) and ↓ تدفّع is quasi-pass. of دفّعهُ; and ↓ تدافع is quasi-pass. of دافعهُ: but all three are used in the same sense: see 6: (TA:) [the first, however, primarily signifies He, or it, became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven; and particularly, so as to be removed from his, or its, place; became propelled; became repelled; became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven, away, or back, or onwards; became put away, or removed from its place; as is implied in the S and K and TA: whereas the second, properly, has an intensive signification: and the third properly denotes the acting of two or more persons or things, or of several parts or portions of a thing, against, or upon, one another; as is shown by exs. and explanations above: though the second and third are often used in the primary sense of the first.] b2: [Hence,] اندفع also signifies (assumed tropical:) He went away into the country, or land, in any manner: (Lth:) or, said of a horse [&c.], (tropical:) he [or it] went quickly or swiftly (S, K, TA) [as though impelled or propelled; pressed, or pushed, on, or forward; rushed; launched, or broke, forth; it poured forth with vehemence, as though impelled: see 1, which has a similar meaning, particularly in the phrases دَفَعَ المَآءُ, and السَّيْلُ, and دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ, &c.]. b3: اندفع فِى, الحَدِيثِ, (S, K, TA,) and فِى الإِنْشَادِ, (TA,) (tropical:) He pushed on, or pressed on, in discourse, and in reciting poetry; or entered thereinto; or launched forth, or out, thereinto; or was large, or copious, or profuse, therein; or dilated therein; or began it, commenced it, or entered upon it; syn. أَفَاضَ فِيهِ. (K, TA.) And اندفع فِى الضَّحِكِ [He broke forth into laughing]. (JK in art. بوق.) b4: [اندفع فِى

الطَّعَامِ (assumed tropical:) He fell to eating of the food; or applied himself eagerly to it.] b5: اندفع فِىالأَمْرِ (tropical:) He acted with penetrating energy, or sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness, in the affair; syn. مَضَى فِيهِ. (A, TA.) 10 اِسْتَدْفَعْتُ اللّٰهَ الأَسْوَآءَ (tropical:) I asked, or begged, God to repel from me evils. (S, K.) دَفْعٌ [see 1. Used as a simple subst., it signifies Impulsion; or the act of pushing, thrusting, or driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; propulsion; repulsion; &c.].

دَفْعَةٌ A single impulsion; a push, a thrust, or single act of driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; a single propulsion; a single repulsion: (S, * Msb, K, * TA:) [it is an inf. n. of un. of 1 in all its senses; and thus,] it signifies also a single act of pouring: [&c.:] pl. دَفَعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, دَفَعَهُ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [He impelled, &c., him, or it,] once [or with a single impulsion, &c.]. (TK.) And دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [I poured forth from the vessel] a single pouring. (Msb.) b2: [As an inf. n. of un. of 1,] it also signifies (assumed tropical:) A coming of the collective body of a people, or party of men, to a place at once. (TA.) b3: [Also (assumed tropical:) A heat, a single course, or one unintermitted act, of running, or the like.]

دُفْعَةٌ A quantity that pours forth, or out, at once, from a skin, or vessel: (Lth, K:) a quantity poured forth, or out, at once, (Msb,) [or with vehemence, being] syn. with دُفْقَةٌ. (IF, S, Msb, K, [in the CK with ع in the place of the ق,]) of rain, [i. e. a shower, fall, or storm, as meaning the quantity that falls without intermission,] (IF, S, Msb, K,) and [a gush] of blood, (IF, Msb,) &c.: (IF, S, Msb:) it is also [used as signifying the tide] of a valley, (K in art. طحم,) and [the tide, or rush,] of a torrent, (S and K in that art.,) and [the rush, or irruption,] of a troop of horses or horsemen, (S and K in art. دلق, &c.,) and [the irruption, or invasion,] of night: (S and K in art. طحم:) pl. دُفَعٌ (Msb, K) and دُفَعَاتٌ and دُفُعَاتٌ and دُفْعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, بَقِىَفِى الإِنَآءِ دُفْعَةٌ There remained in the vessel as much as one pours out at once. (Msb.) b2: Also A part, or portion, that is given, of property. (S in art. زعب.) دِفَاعُ, determinate, as a proper name, The ewe: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) so called because she pushes her thigh this way and that by reason of bulkiness. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) دَفُوعٌ and ↓ مِدْفَعٌ [That impels, pushes, thrusts, drives, propels, or repels, much, or vehemently:] both signify the same. (S, K.) Hence the saying of a woman, (S,) an immodest woman, (O,) namely, Sejáhi [the false prophetess, to her husband the false prophet Museylimeh, describing the kind of ذَكَر which she most approved], (L,) ↓ لَا بَلْ قَصِيرٌ مِدْفَعٌ. (S, O, L.) You say also, ↓ رَجُلٌ دَفَّاعٌ A man who impels, propels, repels, or defends, vehemently. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ دَفُوعٌ A she-camel that hicks (تَدْفَعُ) with her hind leg on being milked. (TA.) دَفَّاعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ. b2: Also One who, when a bone happens to be in the part that is next to him, of a bowl, puts it away, or aside, in order that a piece of flesh-meat may become in its place. (El-Jáhidh, K.) دُفَّاعٌ The main portion, that pours down at once, or vehemently, of waves, and of a torrent, (K, TA,) and of a sea: (TA:) or a great torrent: (S:) or abundance and vehemence of water: (L:) or a great quantity of water of a torrent: and a great number of people. (AA.) You say, جَآءَ دُفَّاعٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَآءِ There came a great number of men and women crowding one upon another. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) A great thing by which a similar great thing is impelled, propelled, or repelled. (K, * TA.) دَافِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. It is said in the Kur [lii. 8], مَا لَهُ مِنْ دَافِعٍ There shall not be any repeller thereof. (Bd.) And in the same [lxx. 2], لَيْسَ لَهُ دَافِعٌ There shall not be for it any repeller: (Bd:) or any defender. (B.) b2: Applied to a ewe or she-goat, (S,) or to a she-camel, (S, K,) as also دَافِعَةٌ and ↓ مِدْفَاعٌ, (K,) (tropical:) That infuses (تَدْفَعُ) the first milk into her udder [i. e. secretes it therein] a little before bringing forth; (S, K;) that infuses the milk into her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance: AO says that some make مُفْكِهٌ and دَافِعٌ to signify the same, [i. e., to signify as explained above, or nearly so,] saying, هِىَ دَافِعٌ بِوَلَدٍ; and if you will, you say, هِىَ دَافِعٌ, alone. (TA.) دَافِعَةٌ [fem. of دَافِعٌ, q. v.: and, used as a subst.,] The lower, or lowest, part of any [water-course such as is called] مَيْثَآء: pl. دَوَافِعُ: this latter signifying the lower, or lowest, parts of the مِيث, [pl. of ميثاء,] (ISh, K,) where they pour into the valleys, (ISh,) or where the valleys pour thereinto: (K:) or the pl. signifies the parts in which the water pours to the ميث; while the ميث pour into the main valley: (As:) or the دافعة is a [water-course such as is called] تَلْعَة which pours into another تلعة, when it runs down a descending ground, or declivity, from elevated, or rugged and elevated, ground, and you see it going to and fro in places, having spread somewhat, and become round; then it pours into another, lower than it: every one such is thus called; and the pl. is as above. (Lth.) مَدْفَعٌ [A channel of water;] one of the مَدَافِع of waters, in which the waters run: (S, K:) [مَدَافِعُ being its pl.:] the lower, or lowest, part of a valley, where the torrent pours forth, and its water disperses: (ISh:) and the [water-course, or channel, such as is called] مِذْنَب of a دَافِعَة [q. v.]; because this latter pours forth therein to another دافعة; (K, TA;) the مذنب being the channel between the دَافِعَتَانِ. (TA.) مِدْفَعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ, in two places. b2: [Its primary signification is An instrument for impelling, propelling, or repelling: and hence it is applied in modern Arabic to a cannon: and to an instrument used by midwives for protruding the fœtus. b3: Hence, also, it is used as an intensive epithet: and hence,] رُكْنٌ مِدْفَعٌ A strong corner. (TA.) مُدَفَّعٌ, applied to a camel, (tropical:) Held in high estimation by his owner; (A, K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back: (A, TA:) one that is reserved for covering, and not ridden nor laden; of which, when he is brought to be laden, one says, اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا, i. e. Leave thou this, sparing him. (As.) b2: Also, (applied to a camel, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Held in mean estimation by his owner; (K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back as despised. (TA.) Thus it bears two contr. meanings. (K.) b3: Applied to a man, (A, TA,) (tropical:) Poor, (S, A, TA,) and abject, (S,) whom every one repels from himself, (A, TA,) or because every one repels him from himself; (S;) used conjointly with مُدَقَّعٌ; i. e., you say, فُلَانٌ مُدَفَّعٌ مُدَقَّعٌ: (A, TA:) a man (assumed tropical:) despised, or held in contempt, (Lth, K,) as also ↓ مُتَدَافَعٌ; (Lth;) who does not show hospitality if he make one his guest, nor give if he be asked to give: (Lth:) and one (assumed tropical:) who is repelled, or repulsed, from his relations (الَّذِى دُفِعَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ: [نَسَبِهِ being used for ذَوِى

نَسَبِهِ, like as نَسَبًا is used in the Kur xxv. 56, for ذَوِى نَسَبٍ, as explained by Bd:]) (IDrd, K:) and a guest (assumed tropical:) whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself, every one turning him away to another. (IDrd, K.) b4: أَنَا مُدَفَّعٌ

إِلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا (tropical:) I am driven, compelled, or necessitated, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) مِدْفَاعٌ: see دَافِعٌ.

هُوَ سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ غَيْرُ مُدَافَعٍ (assumed tropical:) He is the lord, or chief, of his people, or party, not straitened in his authority, nor thrust from it; (TA;) i. q. غَيْرُ مُزَاحَمٍ. (K.) المُدَافِعُ (assumed tropical:) The lion. (Sgh.) مُتَدافِعُ: see مُدَفَّعٌ.

قَوْلٌ مُتَدَافِعٌ (tropical:) [A saying of which one part opposes, or contradicts, another; a self-contradictory saying]. (TA.)

ضرح

1 ضَرَحَهُ, (S, O, L, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. ضَرْحٌ, (S, A, O, L,) He removed it from its place; put it away or aside; pushed, or thrust, it away: (S, A, * O, L, K:) he took it, and threw it away or aside: (L:) he pushed it, or thrust it, away with his foot: (Expos. of the “ Amálee ” of El-Kálee:) [and] ضَرَحَ بِالشَّىْءِ [if not a mistranscription for ضرح الشَّىْءَ] He threw [from him] the thing; and put it away or aside: and ضَرَحَ عَنْهُ الثَّوْبَ He cast off from him the garment. (A.) See also 4. [And see 8.] [Hence] ضَرَحْتُ عَنِّى

شَهَادَةَ القَوْمِ (tropical:) I invalidated the testimony of the people or party, or annulled its claim to credibility, (جَرَحْتُهَا,) and cast it from me, or rejected it: (S, A, O, K: *) said by one against whom false witness has been borne, and who has shown its falseness. (A.) b2: And ضَرَحَتِ الدَّابَّةُ بِرِجْلِهَا, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K, * TA,) inf. n. ضَرْحٌ (S, O) and ضِرَاحٌ, (S, * O, K,) this latter from Sb, (TA,) [but it seems to be implied in the K that the verb with ضِرَاحٌ for its inf. n. has its aor. , as well as this inf. n., like that of كَتَبَ, which I do not think to be the case,] The beast kicked with its hind leg: (S, O, K:) or الضَّرْحُ is with the fore legs; and الرَّمْحُ, with the hind legs. (TA.) One says, فِيهَا ضِرَاحٌ [It has a habit of kicking with the hind leg: or, with the fore leg]; a phrase mentioned by I'Ab. (S.) b3: ضَرَحَ, (S, K,) or ضَرَحَ ضَرِيحًا, (A, Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. ضَرْحٌ, (S, K,) He dug a ضَرِيح [q. v.], (S, A, Msb, K,) لِلْمَيِّتِ [for the corpse]. (A, * K.) b4: ضَرَحَ, inf. n. ضَرْحٌ, also signifies [He clave the ground; (see ضَرِيحٌ;) and] he split, slit, or rent asunder or open, anything; like ضَرَجَ, with ج: (TA:) but the phrase ضَرَحْنَا البُرُودَ, in a verse of Dhur-r-Rummeh, as some relate it, is expl. by AA as meaning We threw off the [garments called]

برود: others relate it with ج; and in this case he says that it means “ we rent asunder ” or “ open. ” (Az, O, TA.) A2: ضَرَحَ [as though quasipass. of ضَرَحَهُ] signifies also He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote; or removed to a distance; went far away. (L.) [See also 7.] b2: And ضَرَحَتِ السُّوقُ, inf. n. ضُرُوحٌ (O, K, TA) and ضَرْحٌ, (TA,) The market was, or became, stagnant, or dull, with respect to traffic. (O, K, TA.) 3 ضارحهُ i. q. سَابَّهُ and رَامَاهُ; (O, K;) i. e. ضارحهُ and سابّهُ and راماهُ are [all] one [in signification, app. meaning He reviled him, or vilified him, being reviled, or vilified, by him; so that the last seems to be here used tropically]. (TA.) b2: And i. q. قَارَبَهُ [He drew him near to him]; (O, K;) namely, his companion. (O.) b3: Also, inf. n. مُضَارَحَةٌ, He, or it, resembled, and corresponded to, him, or it; syn. ضَارَعَهُ and قَابَلَهُ. (TA. [See الضُّرَاحُ.]) 4 اضرح i. q. أَبْعَدَ: (K:) you say, أَضْرِحْهُ عَنْكَ, (so accord. to two copies of the S,) or ↓ اضْرَحْهُ, (so in one of my copies of the S, [i. e. اِضْرَحْهُ, from ضَرَحَهُ, in my other copy of the S اضْرحْهُ, so that the correct form of the verb in this sense is doubtful,]) meaning أَبْعِدْهُ [i. e. Remove thou, or put far away, him, or it, from thee]. (S.) [In the TA, it is also expl. as meaning دَفَعَ, which is likewise a signification of ضَرَحَ.] b2: And He corrupted, or vitiated, (O, K,) him, or it. (O.) b3: And أَضْرَحْتُ السُّوقَ I made, or found, the market to be stagnant, or dull, with respect to traffic; syn. أَكْسَدْتُهَا. (O, K. *) 7 انضرح It was, or became, wide, or ample. (TA.) You say, انضرح مَا بَيْنَ القَوْمِ The space between the people was, or became, far-extending: like انضرج. (As, S.) b2: Also It split, slit, or rent asunder or open: like انضرج. (TA.) 8 اضطرحوا فُلَانًا They cast such a one aside: (O, * L, TA: [see also 1, first sentence:]) the vulgar say اِطَّرَحُوا, thinking it to be from الطَّرْحُ, whereas it is from الضَّرْحُ: or, accord. to Az, it may be that, in اطّرحوا, the ت of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ is changed into ط, and ض incorporated into it. (L, TA.) ضَرْحٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, A, &c.) b2: بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُمْ ضَرْحٌ means Between me and them is a wide distance, and solitude. (TA.) A2: Also A skin. (O, K.) نِيَّةٌ ضَرَحٌ i. q. بَعِيدَةٌ [app. meaning A distant, or remote, thing, or place, that is the object of an action or a journey: &c.]; (O, K;) as also طَرَحٌ

&c. (O.) b2: ضَرَحٌ applied to a man, Bad, corrupt, or vitious. (El-Muärrij, O, K.) A2: الضَّرَحُ is also used by poetic license for [the inf. n.]

الضَّرْحُ. (O.) ضَرَاحِ, like قَطَامِ, (K, TA,) is a verbal noun like نَزَالِ, (TA,) meaning اِضْرَحْ, (K, TA,) i. e. اُبْعُدْ: you say, ضَرَاحِ عَنْهُ Remove thou to a distance, or go far away, from him, or it. (TA.) الضُّرَاحُ, (O, K, TA,) or, accord. to Mujáhid, ↓ الضَّرِيحُ, (O, TA, *) [The temple called] البَيْتُ المَعْمُورُ, (O, K, TA,) corresponding to, or over against, [i. e. directly over,] the Kaabeh, (O, TA,) in Heaven, (O,) in the Fourth Heaven, (K, TA,) or in the Seventh, or in the Sixth, and said to be beneath the عَرْش, or in the First Heaven: (TA:) accord. to 'Alee, it is entered every day by seventy thousand angels. (O.) قَوْسٌ ضَرُوحٌ A bow that propels the arrow with vehemence; (S, A, K; *) as also طَرُوحٌ [q. v.]. (S and O and K in art. طرح.) And دَابَّةٌ ضَرُوحٌ A beast that kicks with its hind leg (S, K) [or with its fore legs: see 1].

ضَرِيحٌ Distant, or remote: (S, K:) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (TA.) b2: Also A trench, or an oblong excavation, in the middle of a grave; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and so ↓ ضَرِيحَةٌ: (TA:) in this sense [likewise] of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Msb:) what is termed لَحْدٌ is in the side: (S:) or a grave (K, TA) altogether: (TA:) or a grave without a لَحْد: (K, TA:) pl. ضَرَائِحُ. (Msb.) One says, نَوَّرَ اللّٰهُ ضَرِيحَهُ (A, TA) i. e. [May God illumine] his grave. (TA.) b3: See also الضُّرَاحُ.

ضَرِيحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَضْرَحٌ: see مَضْرَحِىٌّ.

مِضْرَحٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, or other thing, used as a repository for clothes: pl. مَضَارِحُ. (O.) مَضْرَحِىٌّ A hawk, (S, A, O, K,) and a vulture, (A,) having long wings; (S, A, O, K;) as also ↓ مَضْرَحٌ; (O, K;) but the former is the more common: a hawk of this description is of an excellent kind: (TA:) and to the wings of the vulture of this sort is likened the extremity of the tail of a she-camel with the coarse hairs that are upon it: (Kf, TA:) or white, applied to a hawk and to a vulture; (A;) or thus, applied to a vulture; and sometimes, so applied, black: (Ham p. 95:) or a vulture intensely red [or brown]: (AHát, O:) [and a hawk in which is redness; otherwise it is not thus called: (so in the Deewán of Jereer, accord. to Freytag:)] or i. q. أَجْدَلٌ and صَقْرٌ and قَطَامِىٌّ: (A'Obeyd, TA:) [it is mentioned in the K again in art. مضرح; for,] accord. to some, the م is radical: (TA in art. مضرح:) or, applied to a hawk, it means that darts down sideways; or that thrusts the prey. (Ham ubi suprà.) b2: [Hence,] (tropical:) A chief, (S, A, O, K,) such as is generous, or noble, (K,) or of ancient (A, O) and generous (O) origin. (A, O.) b3: Also White as an epithet applied to anything. (K.) b4: and (tropical:) Tall, or long. (K, TA.) شَىْءٌ مُضْطَرَحٌ A thing cast aside. (S, K.) Quasi ضرد 8 اِضْطَرَدَ, as though from ضَرَدَ: see 8 in art. طرد.

ضغط

ضَغَطَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb,) inf. n. ضَغْطٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He pressed him; pushed him; (S, Msb, K;) squeezed him; (Mgh, * Msb, K;) against (إِلَى, S, Msb, K, [and عَلَى,]) a thing, (K,) or a wall, (S, Msb,) and the like, (S,) and the ground: (TA:) he straitened him: he overcame, subdued, or overpowered, him; or he constrained him. (TA.) It is said in a trad., لَتُضْغَطُنَّ عَلَى بَابِ الجَنَّةِ Ye shall assuredly be pressed, or pushed, against the gate of Paradise. (TA.) You say of a tight boot, ضَغَطَ رِجْلَهُ [It compressed, or pinched, his foot]. (K in art. حزق.) And you say also, ضَغَطَ عَلَيْهِ, and ↓ اِضْتَغَطَ, (Lh, TA,) which latter, by rule, should be اِضْطَغَطَ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He treated him with hardness, severity, or rigour, with respect to a debt or the like. (Lh, TA.) 3 ضاغطوا, (K,) inf. n. ضِغَاطٌ (IDrd, T, O, TA) and مُضَاغَطَةٌ; (IDrd, O;) and ↓ تضاغطوا; (IDrd, O, K;) They pressed, pushed, crowded, or straitened, one another; syns. زَاحَمُوا and ازدحموا. (IDrd, O, K.) You say, النَّاسُ ↓ تَضَاغَطَ فِى الاِزْدِحَامِ [The people pressed, or pushed, one another in crowding together]; and ضِغَاطٌ is like تَضَاغُطٌ. (T, TA.) 6 تَضَاْغَطَ see 3, in two places.7 انظغط [as quasi-pass. of 1, app. signifies He was, or became, pressed, pushed, or squeezed: and, accord. to a version of the Bible, as mentioned by Golius, in Num. xx. (or xxii.) 25, he pressed, or squeezed, himself, against (إِلَى) a wall: and also,] (assumed tropical:) he (a man) was, or became, overcome, subdued, or overpowered; or constrained; syn. اِنْقَهَرَ. (TA.) 8 إِضْتَغَطَ see 1, last sentence.

ضَغْطَةٌ The pressure of the grave; (S, Msb, K;) because it straitens the dead: (Msb:) its straitening. (Mgh.) b2: It is also expl. by En-Nadr [ISh] as signifying مجاهرة [app. a mistake for مُجَاهَدَةٌ, as meaning (assumed tropical:) The exertion of one's utmost power, ability, or endeavour, in contending with another: and in this sense it should perhaps be written ↓ ضُغْطَةٌ]. (TA.) b3: See also ضُغْطَةٌ, in two places.

ضُغْطَةٌ (tropical:) Straitness; difficulty; distress; affliction; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ضَغْطَةٌ. (TA.) Yousay, اَللّٰهُمَّ ارْفَعْ عَنَّا هٰذِهِ الضُّغْطَةَ [O God, withdraw, put away, or remove, from us this straitness, &c.]. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Force, constraint, compulsion; (Mgh;) as also ↓ ضَغْطَةٌ: (TA: [in which one of the syns. is written قَبْر, evidently a mistake for قَهْرٌ, one of the syns. of the former word in the Mgh:]) constraint, or compulsion, against the will of the object thereof. (S, * K.) You say, أَخَذْتُ فُلَانًا ضَغْطَةً (assumed tropical:) I treated such a one with hardness, severity, or rigour, to constrain him, or compel him, to do the thing against his will. (S.) and hence the trad. of Shureyh, كَانَ لَا يُجِيزُ الضُّغْطَةَ (assumed tropical:) He used not to allow the constraint, or compulsion, of one's debtor, and the treating him with hardness, severity, or rigour: or one's saying, I will not give thee unless thou abate somewhat of my debt to thee: or one's having money owed to him by another, who disacknowledges it, and compounding with him for part of what is owed to him, then finding the voucher, and exacting from him the whole of the property after the compromise. (Mgh.) b3: See also ضَغْطَةٌ.

ضَغِيطٌ A well having by the side of it another well, (As, S, O, K) and one of them becomes foul with black mud, (As, S, O,) or and one of them becomes choked up, and foul with black mud, (K,) so that its water becomes stinking, and it flows into the water of the sweet well, and corrupts it, so that no one drinks of it: (As, S, O, K:) or a well that is dug by the side of another well, in consequence of which its water becomes little in quantity: or a well dug between two wells that have become choked up. (O.) A2: And A man weak in judgment, (K, TA,) that will not be roused to action with the people: (TA:) pl. ضَغْطَى, (K, TA,) [like مَرْضَى &c.,] because it is as though it were [significant of suffering from] a disease. (TA.) ضَاغِطٌ A slitting in the arm-pit of a camel, (S, K,) and abundance of flesh [in that part, pressing against the side]: (S:) and i. q. ضَبٌّ: (S, K) or a thing like a bag: (TA:) a tumour in the armpit of a camel, like a bag, straitening him: (Meyd: see مُعَرَّكٌ:) or skin collected together: or the base of the callous protuberance upon the breast of a camel pressing against the place of the arm-pit, and marking, or scarring, and excoriating, it. (TA.) Accord. to IDrd, بَعِيرٌ بِهِ ضَاغِطٌ means A camel whose arm-pit comes in contact with his side so as to mark it, or scar it. (TA.) A2: (tropical:) A watcher, keeper, or guardian; a confidential superintendent; (S, K;) over a person; so called because he straitens him; (S;) or over a thing. (K.) You say, أرْسَلَهُ ضَاغِطًا عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) He sent him as a watcher, &c., over such a one. (S, TA.) And hence what is said in the trad. of Mo'ádh, (S, L,) when his wife asked him, on his return from collecting the poor-rates in El-Yemen, where was the present which he had brought for his wife, and he answered, (L,) كَانَ عَلَىَّ ضَاغِطٌ [There was over me a watcher], (S,) or كَانَ مَعِى ضَاغِطٌ [There was with me a watcher], meaning God, who knows the secrets of men; or he meant, by ضاغط, the trust committed to him by God, which he had taken upon himself; but his wife imagined that there was with him a watcher who straitened him, and prevented his taking to please her. (L.)

ضرع

1 ضَرَعَ, said of a lamb or kid, He took [with his mouth] the ضَرْع [meaning dug] of his mother. (TA.) [This seems to be regarded by some as the primary signification.] b2: And (TA) the same, (S, Msb, K,) said of a man, (S,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K;) and ضَرِعَ, aor. ـَ and ضَرُعَ, aor. ـُ (K;) inf. n. (S, Msb, K) of the first (S, Msb, TA) and of the third (TA) ضَرَاعَةٌ, (S Msb, K,) and (K) of the second (TA) ضَرَعٌ; (K;) He was, or became, lowly, humble, or submissive; (S, K;) and low, abject, or abased; (S, Msb, K;) إِلَيْهِ (K) and لَهُ [to him]: (TA:) or ضَرِعَ and ضَرَعَ signify he lowered, humbled, or abased, himself, (K, * TA,) [like تضرّع, which is more commonly used in this sense,] and made petition for a gift: (TA:) and ضَرُعَ, (Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. ضَرَعٌ, (Msb,) or ضَرَاعَةٌ, (TA,) he was, or became, weak; (K, TA;) and it is said that the verb in this last sense is from ضَرَعَ in the sense expl. in the first sentence: so in the “ Mufradát ” [of Er-Rághib]: ضَرِعَ, likewise, like فَرِحَ [in measure], signifies he was, or became, weak in body, slender, spare, or light of flesh: and ضُرُوعٌ, [app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is ضَرَعَ,] the being lean, or emaciated. (TA.) For another explanation of ضَرَاعَةٌ, see 5. b3: [ضَرَعَ is made trans. by means of ب:] one says, ضَرَعَ بِهِ فَرَسُهُ His horse humbled him, or abased him: (O, K, TA:) or, as in the L, overcame him. (TA.) b4: ضَرَعَ مِنْهُ, said of an animal of prey, (IKtt, K, TA,) inf. n. ضُرُوعٌ, (K,) He approached (IKtt, K, TA) him i. e. a man, (IKtt, TA,) or it i. e. a thing. (K.) b5: See also the next paragraph.2 تَضْرِيعٌ signifies The drawing near, or approaching, by little and little, in a deceitful, or guileful, manner, going this way and that, or to the right and left; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) as also ↓ تَضَرُّعٌ: (K:) you say ضَرَّعَ and تَضَرَّعَ. (O, TA.) b2: And ضَرَّعَتِ الشَّمْسُ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (S, O,) (tropical:) The sun approached the setting; (S, O, K;) [like ضجّعت;] and ↓ ضَرَعَت signifies the same; [like ضَجَعَت;] or the sun set; (K;) and الشَّمْسُ ↓ ضَارِعَتِ, inf. n. مُضَارَعَةٌ, signifies the same as ضَرَعَت and ضرّعت. (TA.) b3: and ضَرَّعَتِ القِدْرُ i. q. حَانَ أَنْ تُدْرِكَ [i. e. The cookingpot approached, or attained, to the time of the cooking of its contents; and so, app., ↓ ضارعت, accord. to the TA, but the passage in which this is there indicated presents an obvious mistranscription]. (S, O, K, TA. [In the CK, تُدْرَكَ is erroneously put for تُدْرِكَ.]) b4: And ضَرَّعَ الرُّبُّ [app. means The rob, or inspissated juice, became nearly mature; or] the expressed juice was cooked, but its cooking was not complete. (O, K, * TA. [In the CK, الرُّبَّ is erroneously put for الرُّبُّ, and طَبَخ for طُبِخَ, and يُتِمَّ طَبْخَهُ for يَتِمَّ طَبْخُهُ.]) 3 مُضَارِعَةٌ is syn. with مُشَابَهَةٌ: (S, O, Msb:) accord. to Er-Rághib, its primary meaning is The sharing [in a thing, or particularly in the ضَرْع, or udder], like مُرَاضَعَةٌ, which is the “ sharing in sucking. ” (TA.) You say ضارعهُ He, or it, resembled him, or it; was, or became like him, or it. (K, TA.) And بَيْنَهُمَا مُرَاضَعَةُ الكَاسِ وَمُضَارَعَةُ الأَجْنَاسِ [Between them two are the sipping of the wine-cup, and the resemblance of kinds; or compotation and congeniality]: said in the A to be from الضَّرْعُ. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce تَحَلَّجَ.] b2: Also i. q. مُقَارَبَةٌ [meaning The approaching a thing]. (TA.) See 2, in two places.4 اضرعت, said of a ewe or she-goat, Her milk descended [into her udder, i. e. she secreted milk in her udder, as is shown in the lexicons in many places, (see for instance, أَرَدَّتْ, and رِدَّةٌ,)] a little before her bringing forth: (S, O, K:) and [in like manner] said of a she-camel, her milk descended from (مِنْ [a mistranscription for فِى

i. e. into]) her udder near the time of bringing forth; and the epithet applied to her is ↓ مُضْرِعٌ [without ة]: or, as in the A, said of a she-camel and of a cow, her udder (ضَرْعُهَا) became prominent before bringing forth: (TA:) or, said of a ewe or she-goat, she showed herself to be pregnant, and became large in her udder. (T in art. رمد.) and أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [She secreted milk, or became large, in the udder, at the time of bringing forth, or when about to produce the young, like as one says كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى رَأْسِ فُلَانٍ expl. in art. رأس], said of a ewe or goat. (S in arts. رمد and ربق [in both of which the meaning is clearly shown] and in art. دفع [in which last see several sentences].) b2: [Hence, app.,] أَضْرَعْتُ لَهُ مَالِى (assumed tropical:) I gave him liberally, unsparingly, or freely, my property. (O, K. *) b3: And اضرعهُ signifies also He, or it, lowered, humbled, or abased, him. (S, O, K.) Thus, in a trad. of 'Alee, أَضْرَعَ اللّٰهُ خُدُودَكُمْ May God lower, or humble, or abase, your cheeks. (TA.) One says also, كَانَ مَزْهُوًّا فَأَضْرَعَهُ الفَقْرُ [He was proud, haughty, or insolent, and poverty lowered, or humbled, or abased, him]. (TA.) And it is said in a prov., الحُمَّى أَضْرَعَتْنِى

لَكَ, (S, Meyd, A, O,) or لِلنَّوْمِ, (Meyd, O, K,) accord. to different relations, (Meyd, O,) [meaning The fever abased me to thee, or to sleep;] asserted by El-Mufaddal to have been first said by a certain man named Mureyr, to a Jinnee by whom he was carried off while sleeping under the influence of fever, after he had been making a fruitless search after his two brothers, Murárah and Murrah, who had also been carried off by Jinn: [his story is related at length in the O and TA, as well as by Meyd.; and is given in Har p. 568, and in Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. pp. 364-5:] the prov. is applied to the case of abasement on the occasion of need. (Meyd, O, TA.) b4: One says also, اضرعهُ إِلَيْهِ He, or it, constrained him to have recourse to him, or it. (TA.) b5: And اضرعهُ الحُبُّ Love rendered him lean, or emaciated. (TA.) 5 تضرّع He lowered, humbled, or abased, himself: (O, K, TA:) or he addressed himself with earnest, or energetic, supplication: (TA:) syn. اِبْتَهَلَ, to God (إِلَى اللّٰهِ): (S, O, K:) or he manifested ↓ ضَرَاعَة i. e. severe poverty, (O, TA:) and want, (TA,) to God: (O, TA:) or i. q. تَعَرَّضَ بِطَلَبِ الحَاجَةِ, (K, TA,) or يَطْلُبُ الحَاجَةَ; (CK;) you say, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ يَتَضَرَّعُ and يَتَعَرَّضُ i. e. Such a one came asking, or petitioning, to another for a thing that he wanted. (Fr, S, O.) [See also تَصَرَّعَ.] b2: Also He writhed; and asked, or called, for aid, or succour. (TA.) b3: And, said of the shade, (tropical:) It contracted, shrank, or decreased; or it went away; syn. قَلَصَ: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA:) and تَصَرَّعَ is a dial. var. thereof. b4: See also 2.

ضَرْعٌ a word of well-known meaning; (TA;) [properly and generally, the udder, but sometimes applied to the dug, or teat:] the ضَرْع is of every female that has a cloven hoof, or of the she-camel: (S, O:) [i. e.] of each of these: (K:) or [of the former only; i. e.] of the sheep or goat and of the cow and the like; that of the camel being termed خِلْفٌ: (Lth, O, K:) it is, to the clovenhoofed female, like the ثَدْى to the woman: (Msb:) or, to cattle, like the ثَدْى to the woman: (Towsheeh, TA:) accord. to the IF, it is of the sheep or goat and of other animals: accord. to IDrd, of the sheep or goat [only]: Az says, it comprises the أَطْبَآء, which are the أَخْلَاف, and in which are the أَحَالِــيل, which are the orifices for the passing forth of the milk: (O:) the pl. is ضُرُوعٌ. (O, Msb, K.) مَا لَهُ زَرْعٌ وَلَا ضَرْعٌ [lit. He has not seed-produce nor an udder] means (tropical:) he has not anything: (TA:) or it means he has not land to sow, nor ewe or she-goat or she-camel or other animal having a ضَرْع. (O.) A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.

ضِرْعٌ A like; a similar person or thing; (IAar, O, K;) as also ↓ ضَرْعٌ: (IAar, TA in art. صرع:) and so صِرْعٌ (O, TA) and صَرْعٌ. (O and K and TA in art. صرع.) b2: And A sort, or species: and a state, condition, or manner of being: of a thing: as also ↓ ضَرْعٌ: and so صِرْعٌ and صَرْعٌ. (TA in art. صرع.) b3: And A strand of a rope: (O, K:) and so صِرْعٌ: (O:) pl. ضُرُوعٌ. (O, K: and the CK adds أَضْرُعٌ.) ضَرَعٌ Lowly, humble, submissive, or in a state of abasement; [originally an inf. n., and therefore, as an epithet,] applied to a single person and to a pl. number: (O:) and ↓ ضَارِعٌ signifies the same, applied to a single person; (O, Msb;) as also ↓ مُسْتَضْرِعٌ, (K, *TA:) accord. To Lth, one says, ↓ خَدُّكَ ضَارِعٌ, (O,) and ↓ أَضْرَعُ, which signifies the same, (Ham p. 344,) and ↓ جَنْبُكَ ضَارِعٌ, [meaning, as is implied in the O, Thy cheek is lowly &c., and so thy side, and the like is said in the Ham p. 590,] and ↓ أَنْتَ ضَارِعٌ [Thou art lowly &c.]: (O:) and the pl. of ضَارِعٌ is ضَرَعَةٌ and ضُرُوعٌ: (TA:) or ↓ ضَارِعٌ signifies, and so ↓ ضَرِعٌ, and [in an intensive sense] ↓ ضَرُوعٌ and ↓ ضَرَعَةٌ, lowering, humbling, or abasing, himself: (K:) or thus, and making petition for a gift: (TA:) and ضَرَعٌ signifies weak; (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) as also ↓ ضَرِعٌ; (K;) the former (Msb, K) originally an inf. n. (Msb) [and therefore, as an epithet,] applied to a single person and to a pl. number: (K:) and ضَرَعٌ and ↓ ضَارِعٌ small; applied to anything: or small in age, weak, (K, TA,) and lean, spare, or light of flesh: (TA:) and الجِسْمِ ↓ ضَارِعُ, (S,) and ↓ ضَرِعٌ, (TA,) lean, spare, or light of flesh, and weak, in the body; (S, TA;) applied to a man: (S:) and ضَرَعٌ applied to a colt, not having strength to run, (K, TA,) by reason of the smallness of his age. (TA.) Also (assumed tropical:) Cowardly, or weak-hearted: you say, هُوَ وَرَعٌ ضَرَعٌ [both app. meaning the same]. (TA.) And, applied to a man, (tropical:) Inexperienced in affairs; ignorant; or in whom is no profit nor judgment; syn. غُمْرٌ. (TA.) ضَرِعٌ: see ضَرَعٌ, in three places.

ضَرَعَةٌ: see ضَرَعٌ. b2: It is also a pl. of ضَارِعٌ [as mentioned above, voce ضَرَعٌ]. (TA.) سُبَبَةٌ ضُرَعَةٌ occurs in a trad. as meaning A reviler of men, who becomes like them and equal to them. (TA.) ضَرُوعٌ: see ضَرَعٌ.

ضُرُوعٌ pl. of ضَرْعٌ [q. v.]. (O, Msb, K.) b2: Also A species of grape, (AHn, O, K.) growing in the Saráh (السَّرَاة), (AHn, O,) white, large in the berries, (AHn, O, K,) having little juice, great in the bunches, like the sort of raisins called طَائِفِىّ. (O.) A2: It is also a pl. of ضَارِعٌ [as mentioned above, voce ضَرَعٌ]. (TA.) ضَرِيعٌ and ضَرِيعَةٌ (IF, S O, K) and ↓ ضَرْعَآءُ, (O, K,) applied to a ewe or she-goat, Large in the ضَرْع [or udder]; (IF, S, O, K;) and in like manner applied to a woman: (K:) or ↓ the last is applied to a woman as meaning large in the breasts, and in like manner to a ewe or she-goat: (IDrd, TA:) or, accord. to the L, the second and ↓ third, as first expl. above, are applied to a ewe or she-goat, and to a camel; and the first is applied to a ewe or she-goat, as meaning goodly in the ضَرْع. (TA.) A2: Also, the first of these words, (O, K;) mentioned in the Kur lxxxviii. 6, (O,) i. q. شِبْرِقٌ; (O, K;) which is A bad sort of pasture, upon which the pasturing cattle do not make (لَا تَعْقِدُ) fat nor flesh, and which renders them in a bad condition if they do not quit it and betake themselves to other pasture; (AHn, O;) or, accord. to IAth, the شبرق is a certain plant in El-Hijáz, having large thorns: (TA:) or, the plant called شِبْرِق that is dried up; (Fr, S, O, K;) شبرق being its appellation when it is in its fresh state; (Fr, K, TA;) the people of El-Hijáz call it ضريع in its dry state; (Fr, TA;) and it is [said to be] a plant which the beast will not approach, because of its bad quality: (K:) and (K) what is dry of any tree; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) accord. to some, peculiarly, of the عَرْفَج and خُلَّة; (TA;) or [any] dry herbage: (TA in art. بحت:) and, (K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) a certain plant in water that has become altered for the worse by long standing or the like, having roots that reach not to the ground: (O, K:) or a certain thing in Hell, more bitter than aloes, and more stinking than the carcass, and hotter than fire; (K, TA;) the food of the inmates of Hell; but this was unknown to the [pagan] Arabs: (TA:) and, (K,) as some say, (O,) a certain plant, (K, O,) green, (O,) thus in the L, but in the “ Mufradát ” red, (TA,) of fetid odour, cast up by the sea, (O, K,) light, and hollow: (TA:) and, (K,) accord. to Abu-l-Jowzà, (O,) the prickles of the palm-tree: (O, K:) and, (K,) accord. to IAar, (O,) the [thorny tree called] عَوْسَج, in its fresh state. (O, K.) b2: Also Wine: or thin wine: (K:) or thin beverage. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b3: And the skin that is upon the bone, beneath the flesh (Lth, O, K) of the rib: (Lth, O:) or the integument upon it. (TA.) ضَارِعٌ: see ضَرَعٌ, in seven places. b2: نُجُومٌ ضَوَارِعُ mean (tropical:) Stars inclining to setting, or to the places of setting. (A and TA in art. خضع.) أَضْرَعُ: see ضَرَعٌ: A2: and for its fem., ضَرْعَآءُ, see ضَرِيعٌ, in three places.

مُضْرِعٌ an epithet applied to a she-camel [and app. to a ewe or she-goat]: see 4.

مُضَرِّعٌ part. n. of the intrans. verb ضَرَّعَ. b2: In the TA, voce كَثْءٌ, مصرع, which is evidently a mistranscription for مُضَرِّعٌ, is expl. as an epithet applied to a preparation of أَقِط (q. v.) as meaning Such as has become thick, or coagulated, and almost thoroughly cooked: on the authority of AHát.]

المُضَارِعُ [as a conventional term of grammar] The future tense; [or rather the aor. st; for it is properly the present, and tropically the future:] so called because it resembles nouns in admitting the desinential syntactical signs. (TA.) مُسْتَضْرِعٌ: see ضَرَعٌ.

غمر

1 غَمُرَ, as in some lexicons, or غَمَرَ, aor. ـُ accord. to all the copies of the K [consulted by SM], (TA,) or غَمِرَ, [aor. ـَ (as in the CK and my MS. copy of the K,) inf. n. غَمَارَةٌ and غُمُورَةٌ, [agreeably with analogy if غَمُرَ be the form of the verb, which is therefore most probably correct,] (K,) It (water) was, or became, much in quantity, abundant, copious, [or deep,] (K, B, TA,) so that it concealed its bottom. (B, TA.) You say مَا أَشَدَّ غُمُورَةَ هٰذَا النَّهْرِ How great is the abundance of the water of this river ! (S.) b2: [And (tropical:) He abounded in beneficence.] You say رَجُلٌ بَيِّنُ الغُمُورَةِ (tropical:) A man bearing evidence of abounding in beneficence. (S, K.) A2: غَمَرَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَمْرٌ, (Msb, K,) It (water, S, K, or the sea, Msb) [overflowed,] came over, or rose above, (S, Msb,) or covered, (K,) and concealed, (TA,) him, or it; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اغتمرهُ: (K:) and he (a man) veiled, concealed, hid, or covered, him, or it. (Msb.) b2: Hence, غَمَرَهُ القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people rose above him, or surpassed him, in eminence, (S, TA,) and in excel-lence. (TA.) b3: And رَأَيْتُهُ قَدْ غَمَرَ الجَمَاجِمَ بِطُولِ قَوَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) [I saw him to have overtopped the heads of others by the tallness of his stature]. (TA.) A3: غَمِرَ صَدْرُهُ عَلَىَّ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K, *) inf. n. غَمَرٌ (Yaakoob, S, Msb) and غِمْرٌ, (Yaakoob, S,) [or the latter is a simple subst.,] His bosom bore con-cealed enmity and violent hatred, or rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, against me. (S, Msb, K.) A4: غَمِرَتْ يَدُهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. غَمَرٌ, (TA,) His hand was, or became, foul with the smell of flesh-meat, (S, K,) and with the grease thereof adhering to it. (K.) A5: غَمُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَمَارَةٌ, (S, [in my copy of the Msb written غَمَار, probably by a mistake of the copyist,]) He was inexperienced in affairs: (S, Msb:) Benoo-'Okeyl say غَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (Msb.) You say فِيهِ غَمَارَةٌ and غَرَارَةٌ [In him is a want of experience in affairs]. (TA.) 2 غمّرت وَجْهَهَا, inf. n. تَغْمِيرٌ, She (a woman) smeared her face with غُمْرَة [q. v.]; (S;) as also بِالغُمْرَةِ ↓ اغتمرت, (K,) and ↓ تغمّرت. (S, K.) A2: غُمِّرَ, inf. n. تَغْمِيرٌ, He (a man) was deemed ignorant. (TA.) A3: غمّر فَرَسَهُ, inf. n. as above, He gave his horse water to drink in a cup, (K,) in the small cup called غُمَر, (TA,) because of the scarcity of water. (K.) IAar mentions the phrase غمّرهُ أَصْحُنًا He gave him to drink some bowls of water: making the verb doubly transitive. (TA.) 3 غامر فِى القِتَالِ and غامس فِيهِ signify the same [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He plunged, or threw himself, into the midst of fight, or conflict]. (TA in art. غمس.) [See also مُغَامِرٌ.] b2: And غامرهُ (assumed tropical:) He engaged with him in fight, or conflict, not caring for death. (S, O.) b3: And غامر signifies also (assumed tropical:) He contended in an altercation, or a dispute. (O.) 5 تغمّرت: see 2.

A2: تغمّر He drank from a small cup such as is called غُمَر: (K:) he drank a small quantity of water: (TA:) he drank less than would satisfy his thirst: (S:) he drank the smallest draught, less than would satisfy his thirst: (TA:) he did not satisfy his thirst with water; (K, * TA;) said of a camel, (K,) and of an ass. (TA.) A3: And تغمّرت المَاشِيَةُ The cattle ate what is termed غَمِير [q. v.]. (K.) 7 انغمر He immerged, dipped, or plunged, himself, or he became immerged, dipped, or plunged, (S, K,) in water, (S, TA,) and in a thing; (TA;) as also ↓ اغتمر. (K.) 8 إِغْتَمَرَ see 1: A2: and 7: A3: and 2.

غَمْرٌ Much, abundant, copious, [or deep,] water; (S, K;) as also ↓ غَمِيرٌ: (K:) or much, abundant, copious, [or deep,] water, that drowns, or submerges: (ISd, TA:) or that covers over him who enters into it: (IAth, TA:) [also used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, meaning much, abundant, copious, or deep, water;] and ↓ غَمْرَةٌ signifies the same as غَمْرٌ [when thus used; or a submerging deep, a deep place, or an abyss, of water]: (TA:) pl. غِمَارٌ and غُمُورٌ. (S, K.) You say بَحْرٌ غَمْرٌ An abundant sea: and [in the pl.] بِحَارٌ غِمَارٌ, and غُمُورٌ. (S.) And of a thing that has become much, you say, هٰذَا كَثِيرٌ

↓ غَمِيرٌ This is much. (Az.) [See also الغَمَرِ.] b2: The main of the sea: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) A2: (tropical:) Liberal in disposition: (K, * TA:) pl. as above: (TA:) and in like manner, غَمْرُ الخُلُقِ: (TA:) or this last, and غَمْرُ البَدِيهَةِ, signify (tropical:) abounding in beneficence: pl. as above: (S, K: [see also رِدَآءٌ:]) and غَمْرُ البَدِيهَةِ (tropical:) a man who takes by surprise with large bounty. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A horse fleet, or swift, or excellent, in running. (S, * K, * TA.) b3: (tropical:) A garment ample, or full. (K, * TA.) A3: (assumed tropical:) A mixed crowd of men, (K,) and their thronging, pressing, or pushing, and multitude; (TA;) as also ↓ غَمَرٌ and ↓ غَمْرَةٌ and ↓ غُمَارٌ and ↓ غَمَارٌ: (K: [in the TA, instead of the last two words, I find غُمَارَةٌ and غَمَارَةٌ, as from the K, and غُمَارٌ and غَمَارٌ are afterwards there added: but most probably these only (without ة) are correct:]) and ↓ غَمْرَةٌ and ↓ غُمَارٌ and ↓ غَمَارٌ signify a crowding, or pressing, of men, (S, Msb,) and of water: (S:) the pl. of ↓ غَمْرَةٌ is غِمَارٌ. (S.) You say النَّاسِ ↓ دَخَلْتُ فِى غُمَارِ, and ↓ غَمَارِهِمْ, (S, Msb, TA,) and ↓ غَمَرِهِمْ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) I entered among the crowding, or pressing, of the people, (S, Msb, TA,) and their multitude: (S, TA;) as also فى خَمَرِهِمْ [and خُمَارِهِمْ &c.] (TA.) And ↓ أَكُونُ فِى غُمَارِ النَّاسِ, meaning I shall be among the dense congregation of the people, occurs in a trad. (TA.) A4: See also غُمْرٌ.

A5: لَيْلٌ غَمْرٌ means Intensely dark night. (TA.) غُمْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ غُمُرٌ (S, ISd) and ↓ غَمْرٌ and ↓ غِمْرٌ, accord. to the K, but this last is unknown, (TA,) and ↓ غَمَرٌ (K) and ↓ غَمِرٌ, (TA,) originally, A boy devoid of intelligence: and hence, (Msb,) a man (S, Msb) inexperienced in affairs: (S, Msb, K:) ignorant: (TA:) inexperienced in war and in counsel; not rendered firm, or sound, in judgment, by experience: (L:) one in whom is no profit nor judgment: (ISd, TA:) one in whom is no good nor profit with respect to intelligence or judgment or work: (Az, Msb:) and ↓ مُغَمَّرٌ signifies the same as غُمْرٌ; (S, TA;) or deemed ignorant: (TA:) the fem. of غُمْرٌ is with ة; (S, Msb;) and so is that of ↓ غَمِرٌ: (TA:) and the pl. of غُمْرٌ is أَغْمَارٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and this may also be pl. of ↓ غَمَرٌ, like as أَسْبَابٌ is pl. of سَبَبٌ. (TA.) A2: See also غُمْرَةٌ.

غِمْرٌ Concealed enmity and violent hatred, or rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite. (S, Msb, K.) [See also غَمِرَ.] b2: And (assumed tropical:) Thirst: (S, Msb:) pl. أَغْمَارٌ. (S.) El-'Ajjáj says, حَتَّى إِذَا مَابَلَّتِ الأَغْمَارَا (tropical:) [Until, when they damped their thirst]. (S.) بَلَّتِ الإِبِلُ أَغْمَارَهَا means (tropical:) The camels drank a little. (TA.) A2: See also غُمْرٌ.

غَمَرٌ A drowning; being drowned: so in the phrase مَوْتُ الغَمَرِ Death by drowning. (TA.) A2: See also غَمْرٌ.

A3: The foul smell of flesh-meat, (S, Mgh, K,) and its grease adhering to the hand: (K:) and the smell of fish. (S.) Hence, مِنْدِيلُ الغَمَرِ (S, Mgh) The napkin, or rough napkin, with which the hand is cleansed therefrom. (L, TA.) A4: See also غُمْرٌ, in two places.

غَمِرٌ [part. n. of غَمِرَ]. You say يَدٌ غَمِرَةٌ A hand foul with the smell of flesh-meat, (S, K,) and with the grease thereof adhering to it. (K.) [See also سَهِكٌ.]

A2: See also غُمْرٌ, in two places.

A3: غَمِرَةٌ as an epithet applied to a she-camel, see voce غَبِرٌ.

غُمَرٌ A small drinking-cup or bowl, (S, K,) with which people divided the water among themselves in a journey when they had little of it; and this they [sometimes] did by putting a pebble into a vessel, and then pouring into it as much water as would cover the pebble, and giving it to each man among them: (TA:) or the smallest of drinking-cups or bowls: (K:) [see قَعْبٌ; and تِبْنٌ:] accord. to ISh, it contains twice or thrice the quantity of the measure called كِيلَجَة: [but this seems to be a large غمر, used for watering a horse; and the words which here immediately follow are app. not added by ISh, but relate to the غمر used by a man for himself or for another man:] the قَعْب is larger than it, and satisfies the thirst of a man: the pl. is أَغْمَارٌ. (TA.) El-Aashà of Báhileh says, in an elegy on his brother ElMunteshir Ibn-Wahb, تَكْفِيهِ حُزَّةُ فِلْذٍ إِنْ أَلْمَّ بِهَا مِنَ الشِّوَآءِ وَيُرْوِى شُرْبَهُ الغُمَرُ [A slice of camel's liver, roasted, if he lighted upon it, used to suffice him; and the غُمَر used to satisfy his thirst]. (S, TA.) And Mohammad is related, in a trad., to have said, لَا تَجْعَلُونِى كَغُمَرِ الرَّاكِبِ صَلُّوا عَلَى أَوَّلَ الدُّعَآءِ وَأَوْسَطَهُ وَآخِرَهُ Make ye me not like the غُمَر of the rider: salute me in the beginning of prayer and in the middle thereof and in the end thereof: meaning that they should not make the salutation of him to be a thing of no great importance, and to be postponed: for the rider puts on his camel his saddle and his travel-ling-provisions, and last of all hangs upon his saddle his drinking-cup. (IAth, TA.) غُمُرٌ: see غُمْرٌ.

غَمْرَةٌ Water that rises above the stature of a man. (Bd in xxiii. 56.) See also غَمْرٌ, first sentence. b2: Hence, (Bd,) فَذَرْهُمْ فِى غَمْرَتِهِمْ, in the Kur xxiii. 56, (tropical:) Therefore leave thou them in [the submerging gulf, or flood, of] their ignorance; (Fr, Bd;) or in their error: (Jel:) or in their error and obstinacy and perplexity: (Zj, in explanation of another reading, فى غَمَرَاتِهِمْ:) and in like manner, فِى غَمْرَةٌ, in the same chap., verse 65, signifies in overwhelming heedlessness: (Bd:) or in ignorance: (Jel:) and in the Kur li. 11, in overwhelming ignorance: (Bd, Jel:) or غَمْرَةٌ signifies [here] a state of obstinate perseverance in vain or false affairs: (Lth, Msb, TA:) and غَمَرَاتٌ is the pl. (Msb.) You say هُوَ فِى غَمْرَةٍ

مِنْ لَهْوٍ, and شَبِيبَةٍ, and سُكْرٍ, (tropical:) [He is in a submerging gulf, or flood, of frivolous diversion, and of youthful folly, and of intoxication]. (TA.) And غَمَرَاتُ جَهَنَّمَ signifies [The fiery depths of Hell; or] the places, of Hell, that abound with fire. (TA.) b3: [Hence] غَمْرَةُ الخُصُومَةِ (assumed tropical:) The main part of the contention. (TA.) [And غَمْرَةُ الحَرْبِ (assumed tropical:) The main part, i. e. the thick, or thickest, of the fight or battle. (See also غَمَرَاتُ الحَرْبِ in what follows.)] b4: Hence likewise, غَمْرَةٌ signifies also (tropical:) Difficulty, trouble, distress, or rigour, (S, Msb, K,) and pressure, of a thing: (K:) pl. غَمَرَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and غِمَارٌ (K) and غُمَرٌ. (S.) Hence, (Msb,) غَمَرَاتُ المَوْتِ (tropical:) The rigours, or pangs, (شَدَائِدُ,) of death: (S, Msb:) or غَمْرَةُ المَوْتِ signifies the agony, i. e. the vehemence of the troubles or disquietudes, of death: (TA:) and غَمَرَاتُ الحَرْبِ, and غِمَارُهَا, (assumed tropical:) the rigours of war. (TA.) b5: See also غَمْرٌ again, latter half, in three places.

غُمْرَةٌ A kind of liniment, made from [the plant called] وَرْس, (S, TA,) used by a bride, for her person: (TA:) or [the plant] ورس [itself]: (TA:) or saffron; as also ↓ غُمْرٌ: (K:) or كُرْكُمٌ [which also means saffron and bastard saffron]: or gypsum; syn. جِصٌّ: or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, a mixture of dates and milk, with which the face of a woman is smeared, to render her skin fine: and the pl. is غُمَرٌ. (TA.) [See also خُمْرَةٌ.]

غمرة, [thus in the TA, app. غُمَرَةٌ, of the class of صُرَعَةٌ &c.,] as an epithet applied to a man, Valid in judgment or opinion, in cases of difficulty. (TA.) غَمَارٌ: see غَمْرٌ, latter half, in three places.

غُمَارٌ: see غَمْرٌ, latter half, in four places.

غَمِيرٌ: see غَمْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A certain plant: (K:) or green herbage that is overtopped, or covered, and concealed, by what is dried up: (S, K: *) or herbage growing in the lower part, or at the root, of [other] herbage, (K, * TA,) so that the first [in growth] overtops, or covers, and conceals, it: (TA:) or any verdure that is little in quantity, (L, K, TA,) either ريحة [i. e.

رَيِّحَة, meaning what becomes green after the upper parts have dried,] or نبات [app. meaning herbage in general]: (L, TA:) or the grain of the [species of barley-grass called] بُهْمَى, (K, TA,) that falls from the ears thereof when it dries; so says AHn: or somewhat that comes forth in the بُهْمَى

in the first of the rain, succulent, or sappy, amid such as is dry; and غَمِير is not known in anything but the بُهْمَى: (TA:) the pl. is أَغْمِرَآءُ. (K.) ↓ غَمِيرَةٌ [is app. its n. un., but] is said by AO to mean Dry [trefoil, or clover, of the species called]

رَطْبَة and قَتّ, with which horses are foddered when they are prepared, by being reduced to scanty food, for racing or for a military expedition. (TA.) غَمِيرَةٌ: see what next precedes.

غَامِرٌ Much, or abundant: applied in this sense to property. (Ham p. 593.) [See also غَمْرٌ.]

A2: [In a state of immersion; immerged. (See أَتَانٌ; and see also a verse cited voce أَنْ, p. 106, first col.)] b2: And [hence, perhaps,] غَامِرَةٌ signifies Palm-trees (نَخْلٌ) not requiring irrigation: (AHn, K:) but Az did not find this to be known. (TA.) [See also مُغْتَمِرٌ.] b3: Applied to land, (S, Msb, TA,) and to a house, (TA,) [but written with ة when أَرْضٌ is mentioned, or دَارٌ,] it signifies the Contr. of عَامِرٌ; (S, TA;) and thus, (TA,) waste; desolate; in a state the contrary of flourishing; in a state of ruin; syn. خَرَابٌ: (Msb, K, TA:) [land to which this term is applied is thus called] because overflowed by water, so that it cannot be sown; or because it is covered with sand or dust; or because water generally exudes from it, so that it produces only reeds and the بَرْدِىّ [i. e. papyrus or other rushes]: by غَامِرٌ is meant ذُو غَمْرٍ; like as one says هَمٌّ نَاصِبٌ, meaning ذُو نَصَبٍ: (TA:) or any land that is not tilled (لَمْ يُسْتَخْرَجْ) so as to be fit for sowing (K, TA) and planting: (TA:) or land that is unsown, but capable of being sown: so called because the water reaches it and comes over it: of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; (S, Msb;) like the epithets in سِرٌّ كَاتِمٌ and مَآءٌ دَافِقٌ; and made of the measure فال only to correspond to عَامِرٌ as its opposite: (S, TA:) waste land which water does not reach is not called غَامِرٌ; (S;) but such is called قَفْرٌ. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., [which shows that the last two explanations given above are correct,] that 'Omar imposed a tax of a دِرْهَم and a قَفِيز upon every جَرِيب [of land], both عَامِر and غَامِر: and this he did in order that the people might not be remiss in sowing. (Az, TA.) أَغْمَرُ [More, or most, abundant, copious, or deep: applied to water. b2: ] More, or most surpassing, or excelling: so in the saying, هُوَ أَغْمَرُهُمْ بِطُولِ قَوَامِهِ He is the most surpassing of them by the tallness of his stature. (TA.) مُغَمَّرٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed with [غُمْرَة, or] saffron. (M, TA.) b2: مُغْمَّرَةٌ and ↓ مُتَغَمِّرَةٌ and ↓ مُغْتَمِرَةٌ A girl having her face smeared with غُمْرَة. (TA.) A2: See also غُمْرٌ.

مُغَمِّرٌ: see مُغَامِرٌ.

مَغْموُرٌ [Overflowed, or covered, and concealed, by water, &c. b2: ] Rained upon. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Overcome, subdued, or oppressed. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) An obscure man; of no reputation: (K, TA:) as though others surpassed him. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ مغْمُورُ النَّٰسَبِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is of obscure race. (TA.) مُغَامِرٌ (assumed tropical:) One who plunges, or rushes without consideration, into places of peril: (S:) one who throws himself into difficulties, troubles, or distresses; as also ↓ مُغَمِّرٌ: (K:) or one who enters into difficulties, troubles, or distresses, and makes another, or others, to do so; like مُغَامِسٌ. (Ham p. 338.) Applied to a courageous man as meaning (assumed tropical:) One who incurs the rigours, or pangs, of death. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) One who contends in an altercation, or a dispute: or who enters into the main part [or the thick or thickest] of an altercation or a dispute: and some say that it is from الغِمْرُ, and means regarding, and regarded, with rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite. (TA.) مُغْتَمِرٌ Palm-trees (نَخْلٌ) imbibing water from a copious source. (AHn, K.) [See also غَامِرَةٌ, voce غَامِرٌ.] b2: And (assumed tropical:) A drunken man: (Sgh, K, TA:) as though intoxication had drowned his reason. (TA.) A2: See also مُغَمَّرٌ.

مُتَغَمِّرَةٌ: see مُغَمَّرٌ.