كبد
1 كَبَدَهُ, (aor.
كَبِدَ,
Az,
L,
K, and كَبُدَ,
L,
K,
inf. n. كَبْدٌ,
L,) He, or it, hit, or smote, or hurt, his كَبِد [or liver]: (
Az,
S,
IKtt,
L:) or struck it. (
L,
K.)
b2: كَبَدَهُمُ البَرْدُ, (aor.
كَبِدَ and كَبُدَ,
K,) (assumed
tropical:) The cold affected them severely; distressed them; straitened them: (
L,
K:) or, smote their livers; which only the most intense cold does. (
L, from a
trad.)
b3: كَبِدَ,
aor. ـَ (
L,
K,)
inf. n. كَبَدٌ, (
L,) He had a pain in his liver: (
L,
K) and (
A,
L:) or كُبِدَ, (
K,)
inf. n. كُبَادٌ, (
TA,) he had a complaint of his liver. (
L,
K.)
A2: كَبِدَ,
aor. ـَ (
L,)
inf. n. كَبَدٌ, (
S,
L,
K,) He was big in the belly, (
L,
K,) in its upper part: (
L:) he (a man) was bulky in the middle, and therefore slow in his pace. (
S,
L.)
b2: It (anything) was big, or large, and thick, in the middle. (
L.)
A3: See 5.
2 كَبَّدَ See 5.
3 كابد الأَمْرَ, (
inf. n. مُكَابَدَةٌ and كِبَادٌ,
L,
K,) (
tropical:) He endured the thing; struggled, or contended, with, or against, it; struggled or contended with, or against, its difficulty, or severity;
syn. قَاسَاهُ, (
L,
K,) or قَاسَى شِدَّتهُ; (
S;) he endured, or struggled, or contended, with or against, its difficulty, trouble, or inconvenience;
syn. عَانَى مَشَقَّتَهُ: (
L:) he underwent difficulties, troubles, or inconveniences, in doing it. (
Msb.)
b2: كابد اللَّيْلَ (
tropical:) He (a man) braved (رَكِبَ) the terribleness and difficulty of the night. And كَابَدْتُ ظُلْمَةَ هٰذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ مُكَابَدَةً شَدِيدَةً I braved the darkness of this night with a mighty braving. (
Lth,
L.)
b3: بَعْضُهُمْ يُكَابِدُ بَعْضًا (
tropical:) [One party of them struggles, contends, or strives, against the opposition of the other]: said of adversaries in a contest, litigation, or the like. (
A.) 5 تكبّدهُ (
tropical:) He tended, or betook himself, or directed himself or his course, to, or towards, it, namely, an affair, (
L,
K,) and a town or country;
syn. قَصَدَهُ; (
L,
K;) as also ↓ كَبَدَهُ,
aor. ـِ and كَبُدَ. (
K,
TA.)
A2: تكبّد (
tropical:) It (milk) became thick; (
S,
A,
L,
K;) as also any other beverage; (
L;) and (the former) became thick like liver, so as to quiver. (
L.)
A3: تكبّدت الشَّمْسُ, (
S,
A,) or تكبّدت الشمسُ السَّمَآءَ, (
L,
K,) (
tropical:) The sun became in the كَبِد, (
S,
L,) or كُبَيْدَآء, (
K,) of the sky; (
S,
L,
K;) became in the middle of the sky; culminated; (A;) as also ↓ كبّدت,
inf. n. تَكْبِيدٌ: (
K:) and النَّجْمُ السَّمَآءَ ↓ كبّد the star, or asterism, [or the Pleiades,] culminated. (
S,
L.) [See an
ex. in a verse cited
voce خَشَفَ.]
b2: تكّبد الفَلَاةَ (
tropical:) He directed his course to, or towards, the middle and main part of the desert. (
L.) كَبْدٌ and كِبْدٌ: see كَبِدٌ.
كَبَدٌ (
tropical:) Difficulty; distress; affliction; trouble. (
S,
A,
L,
Msb,
K.)
Ex. وَقَعَ فِى كَبَدٍ He fell into difficulty, &c. (
A.) So in the words of the
Kur, [xc, 4,] لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِى كَبَدٍ Verily we have created man in difficulty, &c., (
S,
L,
Jel,) in a state in which he has to contend with the afflictions of the present life and the difficulties pertaining to the life to come: (
Zj, *
Jel:) or فى كبد here signifies, in a right and just state: (Aboo-
Tálib,
L:) or in an erect state, and in just proportion: (
Fr;
L:) or in an erect state, and walking upon his two legs; whereas other animals are not erect: or in the belly of his mother, with his head towards her head; in which state the child remains until near the birth, when it becomes inverted. (
L.)
b2: and see كَابِدٌ and كَبِدٌ.
كَبِدٌ, (
S,
L,
Msb,
K, &c.,) the most chaste and best known form of the word, (
TA,) and ↓ كِبْدٌ, (
S,
L,
Msb,
K,) a contraction of the former, (
Msb,) and ↓ كَبْدٌ, (
S,
L,
K,) also a contraction of the first, (
S,) [The liver;] a certain black piece of flesh on the right of the lungs: (
L:)
fem., and sometimes
masc.; (
Fr,
L,
Msb,
K;) or
fem. only: (
Lh,
ISd,
L,
Msb:)
pl. أَكْبَادٌ (
S,
L,
Msb,
K) and كُبُودٌ; (
L,
Msb,
K;) the latter seldom used. (
Msb)
b2: Also, [the first,] (
tropical:) The place of the liver, outside: (
L;) the side. (
K) It is said in a
trad., فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى كَبِدِى, meaning, And he put his hand upon my side externally; or, upon the external part of my side, next the liver. (
L.)
b3: (assumed
tropical:) The inside of an animal, altogether. (
Kr,
ISd,
K.) Sometimes used in this sense. (
Kr,
ISd.)
b4: (
tropical:) The inside, meaning a cave, or ravine, of a mountain. (
L.)
b5: كَبِدُ الأَرْضِ (
tropical:) The interior of the earth: (
Msb:) or the minerals (مَعَادِن) of the earth: (
A:) or the gold and silver and the like that are in the mines of the earth: (
L:)
pl. أَكْبَادٌ (
A,
L) and كُبُودٌ. (
L.) It is said in a
trad. وَتَلْقِى
الأَرْضُ أَفْلَاذَ كَبِدِهَا (
tropical:) And the earth shall cast forth what is hidden in her belly, of treasures and minerals. (
L.)
b6: (
tropical:) The middle of anything, (
A,
L,
Msb,
K, *) and its main part. (
L,
K.)
b7: (
tropical:) The middle of the sea. (
L.)
b8: (
tropical:) The middle of a butt for archers. (
A,
L.)
b9: دَارُهُ كَبِدَ نَجْدٍ (
tropical:) His house is in the middle of Nejd. (
A.)
b10: كَبِدٌ; (
L;) in the
K, ↓ كَبَدٌ; but none [except
F] says so; (
MF;) The middle of a tract of sand, (
L,
K,) and its main part. (
L.)
b11: كَبِدٌ; (
S,
A,
L,
Msb;) in the
K, ↓ كَبَدٌ; but none [except
F] says so; (
MF;) and ↓ كَبْدٌ, and ↓ كَبْدَآءُ, (
K,) and ↓ كُبَيْدَاتٌ, (
S,
A,
L,) as though they had formed the
dim. كُبَيْدَةٌ from كَبِدٌ, and then formed the
pl.; (
S,
L;) in the
K, كُبَيْدَاةٌ; but this is wrong; (
TA;) and ↓ كُبَيْدَآءُ, (
L,
Msb,
K,)
dim. of كَبِدٌ,
contr. to rule, like سُوَيْدَآءُ; (
Msb;) [or
dim. of كَبْدَآءُ;] (
tropical:) The middle of the sky, (
S,
A,
L,
K,) and its main part: (
L;) or [the meridian of the sky;] the middle of the sky, wherein is the sun at the time of its declining from the meridian: (
L:) or the part of the middle of the sky which faces the spectator. (
Lth,
L,
Msb.)
b12: كَبِدٌ (
Lh,
L; in the
K, كَبَدٌ;) (assumed
tropical:) The air; (
Lh,
L,
K;) as also ↓ كَبْدَآءُ. (
L.)
b13: كَبِدٌ (
tropical:) of a bow, The handle: (
S,
A,
Msb:) or the part a little above the handle, (
Az,
L,
Msb,) against which the arrow goes: (
Az,
L:) or the part between the two extremities of the handle, and that along which the arrow runs: (
S,
L:) or the part [midway] between the two extremities of its suspensory string or cord or the like: (
As,
L,
K:) [see رِجْلٌ:] or the space of a cubit from its handle: (
L,
K:) or each part where the thong of its suspensory string or the like is tied: (
L:) in the bow is its كَبِد, which is the part [midway] between the two extremities of its suspensory string or the like; then, next to this, the كُلْيَة; then, next to this, the أَبْهَر; then, next to this, the طَائِف; then, the سِئَة, which is the curved part of each extremity. (
As,
L.)
b14: فُلَانٌ تُضْرَبٌ إِلَيْه
أَكْبَادُ الإِبِلِ Such a one is a person to whom men journey seeking knowledge &c. (
S,
L,
K.) [See an
ex. in the first paragraph of art. ضرب.]
b15: سُودٌ الأَكْبَادِ [Black-livered men;] a designation of enemies, (
As,
S,
L,
K,) similar to صُهْبُ السِّبَالِ [
q. v.]: (
As,
S,
L:) they are so called because the effects of rancour, or malevolence, have [as it were] burnt their livers so that they have become black; the liver being the source of enmity. (
L.) كبْدَاءُ: see كَبِدٌ, and أَكْبَدُ.
كُبَادٌ Pain of the liver: (
S,
L,
K:) or a disease, or complaint, of the liver. (
L.) The only known word, signifying a disease, derived from the name of the member affected, except نُكَافٌ and قُلَابٌ. (
Kr.) It is said in a
trad. الكُبَادُ مِنَ العَبِّ, (
S,
L,) i. e., The pain, or disease, of the liver is from drinking water without sipping. (
L.) كُبَيْدَاءُ and كُبَيْدَاتٌ: see كَبِدٌ.
كَبَّادٌ A certain species of the لَيْمُون; [citrus limon sponginus Ferrari: (Delile, Flor. Aeg. Illustr., no. 748:) a
coll. gen. n.:
n. un. with ة]. (
TA.) كَابِدٌ (
tropical:) a
subst. from كَابَدَ, (
ISd,
L,
K,) [in the sense of مُكَابَدَةٌ: see 3:] as also ↓ كَبَدٌ. (
MF.)
Ex. of the former, وَلَيْلَةٍ مِنَ اللَّيَالِى مَرَّتْ بِكَابِدٍ كَابَدْتُهَا وَجَرَّتْ [Many a night of nights has passed with a struggling against its severity: I have struggled against its severity; and it was long]. Said by El-'Ajjáj. جرّت signifies طالت. (
L.)
b2: You also say, of adversaries in a contest, litigation, or the like, مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ ↓ إِنَّهُمْ فِى كَبَدٍ (
tropical:) [Verily they are in a state of struggling, contention, or strife, against mutual opposition with respect to their affair]. (
A.) أَكْبَدُ Anything big, or large, and thick, in the middle. (
L.)
b2: كَبْدَآءُ A she-camel large in the middle: (
L:) and in like manner, a tract of sand, رَمْلَةٌ. (
L,
K.)
b3: أَكْبَدُ Big in the upper part of the belly: (
L:) a man bulky in the middle, and therefore slow in his pace: fem.
كَبْدَآءُ. (
S,
L,
K. *)
b4: Having the place of his liver rising, or prominent. (
K.)
b5: قَوْسٌ كَبْدَآءُ (
tropical:) A bow of which the handle fills the hand: (
S,
A,
L,
K:) or, of which the part called the كَبِد is thick and strong. (
L.)
b6: كَبْدَآءُ (assumed
tropical:) A mill that is turned with the hand: (
L,
K:) so called because of the difficulty, or trouble, with which it is turned. (
L.)
A2: See مَكْبُودٌ.
A3: أَكْبَدُ A certain bird. (
K.) مَكْبُودٌ Hit, or hurt, in his liver. (
S.) See مَكْبُوتٌ
b2: Having a complaint of his liver: (
TA:) and ↓ أَكْبَدُ signifies the same: (
A,
L:) or this latter, having a pain in his liver. (
L.)
