ليــت
1 لَاتَهُ,
aor. ـي (
inf. n. لَيْــتٌ,
S,) as also لَاتَةُ,
aor. ـُ or لَاتَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ; as also ↓ أَلَاتَهُ; (and أَلَتَهُ;
S,
K, art. أَلت;) He withheld him, or restrained him, and turned him, or averted him, from his course, purpose, or object. (
S,
K.) The
Rájiz says, وَـ
ـلَيْــلَةٍ ذَاتِ دُجًا سَرَيْتُ وَلَمْ يَلِتْنِى عَنْ سُرَاهَا
لَيْــتُ [During many a dark night (or many a rainy, or wet, night,
accord. to the reading in the
TA, namely ذات نَدًى) have I journeyed;] and no hindrance hindered me from journeying during it: (
S:) or the meaning is
b2: and no averting thing averted me, &c.;
لَيْــتُ being put for لَائِتُ: or, nothing made me to repent, and say,
لَيْــتَنِى
مَا سَرَيْتُهَا Would that I had not journeyed during it! or, no deficiency, nor any impotence, averted me, &c.,
accord. to the
T. (
TA.)
b3: لَاتَهُ حَقَّهُ,
aor. ـِ
inf. n. لَيْــتٌ; and ↓ أَلَاتَهُ; but the former is the more approved; as also أَلَاتَهُ and أَلِتهُ; He diminished unto him his due, or right: [or defrauded him of part thereof.]. (
TA.) It is said in the
Kur, [xlix. 14,] لَايَلِتْكُمْ مِنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ شَيْئًا He will not diminish unto you, nor defraud you of, aught [of the reward] of your works. (
Fr,
Zj.)
b4: مَا أَلَانَهُ شَيْئًا; as also مَا أَلَتَهُ (and مَا أَلتَهُ;
TA;) He did not diminish unto him aught. (
Fr,
S,
K.) In مَا أَلَتْنَاهُمْ مِنْ عَمَلِهِمْ مِنْ شَىْءٍ, in the
Kur, [lii. 21,
q. v. in art. ألت.] the verb may be from أَلَتَ or from أَلَاتَ. (
TA.)
b5: الحَقَّ ↓ بِتُّ أُـ
ـلِيــتُ in a verse of 'Orweh Ibn-El-Ward, signifies أُحِيلُهُ and أُصْرِفُهُ [I passed the night putting away (from my mind the thought of) death: the poet having just before mentioned the death of certain of his camels]. (
Sh,
L.)
b6: In the following saying, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ الَّذِى لَا يُفَاتُ وَلَا يَلَاتُ وَلَا تَشْتَبِهُ عَـ
ـلَيْــهِ الأَصْوَاتُ [Praise be to God, whom nothing will escape, (
lit., who will not be escaped, see
Kur xxxiv. 50, and 1 in art. فوت,) and —, and to whom voices will not be confused, or undistinguishable, one from another!], لا يلات is from أَلَاتَ, a
dial. var. of لَاتَ,
aor. ـي in the sense of نَقَصَ, and signifies unto whom one cannot diminish [aught that is his due], and whom prayer cannot be hindered from reaching: so
accord. to
IAar: or,
accord. to
Khálid Ibn Jembeh, upon whom nothing that any one saith can have any power; (
expl. by لا يأخد فيه قول قائل;) i. e., who obeyeth no one. (
L.)
b7: لَاتَ شَيْاً,
aor. ـِ He concealed a thing that he knew, and told, or narrated, something different from it. (
TA, art. لوث,
q. v.)
b8: لَاتَهُ,
aor. ـِ
inf. n. لَيْــتٌ, He expressed to him the news, or information, obscurely, or enigmatically, or obscured it to him, or concealed it from him: so
accord. to
As, and the like is said in the
L: but
accord. to some, the verb is لَاتَهُ,
aor. ـُ
q. v., in art. لوت. (
TA, art. لوت)
b9: وَلَاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٍ, occurring in the
Kur, [xxxviii. 2,] (
S,) [there meaning,
accord. to the general opinion, When (it, or the time,) was not a time of flight: in other cases, and (it, or the time,) is, or was, not a time of flight]. لات is here likened to
لَيْــسَ; and the name of the
agent is understood. (
S,
K.) So says
Akh,
accord. to
J; but this is the opinion of
Sb: so in the margin of some copies of the
S. (
TA.) Or لات is originally لا; and the ت is added, as in ثُمَّتَ [in the
CK, ثَمَّت,] (El-Muärrij,
S,
K,) and رُبَّتَ. (El-Muärrij,
S.)
b10: With respect to the proper meaning and etymology of لات there are four opinions. First, that it is a single word, a verb in the
pret. tense: and some say, that it is originally لَاتَ in the sense of نَقَصَ, and afterwards used as a negative, like قَلَّ: so says Aboo-Dharr El-Khushanee, in his
Expos. of the Book of
Sb: others, that it is originally
لَيِــسَ; that its س is changed into ت, and then the ى into ا, because it is movent and preceded by fet-hah: so says Abu-r-Rabeea. Second, that it is two words, the negative لا, with the
fem. ت, added to make the word
fem., as say
IHsh and Er-Radee, or to render the negation more intensive, as is said in the
Expos. of the Katr by the author of the latter work: and this is the general opinion. Third, that it is an independent word, not originally
ليــس nor لا; as related by the sheykh Aboo-Is- hák Esh-
Shátibee alone. Fourth, that it is a word and a part of a word, namely the negative لا, and ت prefixed to حين; which opinion is ascribed to
A'Obeyd [as is mentioned in the
S] and Ibn-El-Taráweh: the former of whom argues in favour of this opinion from the fact that ت is found so prefixed in Othmán's copy of the
Kur-án; but this is no proof, because there are found in the writing of that copy things at variance with
analogy. (
TA.) تَحِينَ [however] occurs, without لات, in the following verse of Aboo-Wejzeh: العَاطِفُونَ تَحِينَ مَا مِنْ عَاطِفٍ
وَالمُطْعِمُونَ زَمَانَ أَيْنَ المُطْعِمُ [The persons who act affectionately in the time when there is none (other) that acts affectionately; and the feeders in the time when (it is said) Where is the feeder?] (
S.) The general opinion is favoured by the following facts: that لات is pronounced in a case of pause لَاتْ and لَاهْ: that it is written separately from حين: and that it is sometimes written لَاتِ, with kesreh to the ت, as is mentioned by
Z, agreeably with the fundamental rule with respect to the concurrence of two quiescent letters [when followed by a conjunctive ا]; whereas, were it a verb in the
pret. tense, there would be no reason for its being written with kesreh: it is also written لَاتُ, with dammeh to the ت: and both these variations occur in readings of the
Kur-án: but لَاتَ, with fet-hah to the ت, is the most common. (
TA.)
b11: With respect to its government there are also four opinions. First, that it has no government: that if a noun in the
nom. case follow it, it is put in that case as an
inchoative of which [as is mentioned in the
S] the
enunciative is suppressed; and that if a noun in the acc. case follow it, it is put in that case as an
objective complement of a verb suppressed; which is the opinion of
Akh; the meaning of لات حين مناص being, in the former case, لاحِينُ مَنَاصٍ كَائِنٌ لَهُمْ [A place of flight not existing for them; which does not imply that there was none for others; as لا here has the force of a particular, not a general, negation]; and in the latter case, the meaning being, لَا أَرَى حِينَ مَنَاصٍ [I see not a time of flight]. Second, that it governs in the same manner as إِنَّ; which is another opinion of
Akh and the Koofees. Third, that it is a
particle governing the
gen. case; an opinion ascribed to
Fr by Er-Radee and
IHsh and others. Fourth, that it governs like
لَيْــسَ; and this is the general opinion; but
IHsh restricts it by two conditions; that the two nouns which it governs must be significant of time, and that one of them must be suppressed. (
TA.) [It is generally the subject, rarely the predicate, that is suppressed.]
b12: لات [when it has grammatical government] does not occur without حين [or, as many say, some word
syn. therewith, as وَقْت, &c.]. (
S,
K.) So says
Akh,
accord. to
J; but this is the assertion of
Sb; because the latter holds it to have the same government as
ليــس; whereas
Akh assigns to it no government [as explained above]. (
IB.) But [it is said that]
حين is sometimes suppressed, (in poetry,
S, [or in prose,]) though meant to be understood; as in the following saying of
Mázin Ibn-
Málik, [respecting 'Abd-Shems, surnamed Makrooa, the son of Saad the son of Zeyd-Menáh the son of Temeem, and respecting Heyjumáneh the daughter of El-'Ambar the son of 'Amr the son of Temeem, (
S, art. قرع,) who was enamoured of Makrooa,] وَحَنَّتْ وَلَاتَ هَنَّتْ وَأَنَّى لَكِ مَقْرُوعٌ [And she conceived a longing desire; but it was not a time for her conceiving such a desire. and how (O Heyjumáneh) should Makrooa be thine? See Freytag, Arab.
Prov. i. 343 and ii. 525.] (
S,
K.) This, however, is said to be not poetry but a prose-example. (
TA.) Moreover, it is observed, that لات, in this instance, has no government, and that a word signifying time is not meant to be understood after it: [so that the meaning is, And she conceived a longing desire, but it was as though she did not conceive such a desire:] (
MF.) for when لات has government, the subject and predicate cannot both be suppressed. (
AHei,
MF.) 4 أَـ
ـلْيَــتَ see 1.
لَيْــتَ a word denoting a wish [signifying Would that —; I wish that —;] (
S,
K;) generally relating to a thing that is impossible; rarely to a thing that is possible: (
IHsh,
K:) governing the subject in the acc. case, and the predicate in the
nom. case, (
S,
K,) like كَأَنَّ (or [rather] إِنَّ,
MF) and its coordinates, because it resembles verbs in their force as words, [being composed of at least three letters, and the last being meftoohah,] and in their admitting most of the pronouns as affixes, and in their meanings. (
S.)
Ex. لَيْــتَ زَيْدًا ذَاهِبٌ [Would that Zeyd were going;] (
S;) and
لَيْــتَنِى فَعَلْتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا [Would that I had done so and so.] (
TA.) You say
لَيْــتِى as well as
لَيْــتَنِى, (
S,
K,) like لَعَلِّى and لَعَلَّنِى, and إِنِّى and إِنَّنِى: (
S:) but
ليــتنى is more common than
ليــتى; whereas لعلّنى is less common than لعلّى. (
TA.) Youalso say يَا
لَيْــتَ
O, would that —;.]
As to the saying of the poet, يَا
لَيْــتَ أَيَّامَ الصِّبَا رَوَاجِعَا meaning لَنَا رَوَاجِعَ, [
O, would that the days of youth were returning (to us)!] رواجع is put in the acc. case therein as a word descriptive of state: (
S:) or it is governed in the acc. case by a verb understood, as أَقْبَلَتْ, or عَادَتْ, or some other verb suitable to the meaning: so says
Sb: (
TA:) or
ليــت in the above verse may be used in the manner of وَجَدْتُ, [see below], (
S,) for
ليــت is sometimes used in the manner of وَجَدْتُ [I found], (
Fr,
S,
K,) in government, not in meaning, (
MF,) as related by the grammarians on the authority of certain of the Arabs, so that it is doubly transitive, and used in the manner of verbs: (
S:) you say,
لَيْــتَ زَيْدًا شَاخِصًا [Would that Zeyd were going away, &c.]: (
S,
K:) this is done to give intensiveness: one says, for this purpose,
لَيْــتَ زَيْدًا قَائِمًا (Would that Zeyd were standing) putting both the subject and the predicate in the acc. case. (
Msb.)
b2: لَيْــتَمَا: see De Sacy's Gr. Ar. ii. 63.
b3: See also an
ex. of
ليــت as a
subst. voce سَوْفَ.
لِيــتٌ The side of the neck: (
S,
K:) or the
ليــتَانِ are the lower parts of the two sides of the neck, upon which the earrings hang down, behind the two projections of the jaw-bones that are beneath the ear: or the parts of the neck beneath the earrings: or the places upon which the cuppinginstrument is applied; المَحْجَمَتَانِ:
pl. أَـ
ـلْيَــاتٌ and
ليــتة [but whether the latter be
لِيــتَةٌ or
لِيَــتَةٌ is not shown]. (
TA.)
b2: أَصْغَى
لِيــتًا He inclined the side of his neck. (
TA, from a
trad.)
