كفر
1 كَفَرَ الشَّىْءَ, (
S,
A,
Mgh,
Msb,
K, &c,)
aor. , in the sense first explained below
كَفِرَ, (
S,
K, &c.;) [respecting which
Fei observes,] ElFárábee, whom
J follows, says that it is like يَضْرِبُ, but in a trustworthy copy of the
T it is written
كَفُرَ, and this is the proper form, because they say that
كَفَرَ النِّعْمَةَ [of which the
aor. is
كَفُرَ] is borrowed from
كَفَرَ الشَّىْءَ in the sense which is first explained below; (
Msb;) and
MF says, that the saying of
J, following his maternal uncle Aboo-Nasr El-
Fárábee, that the
aor. of this verb is
كَفِرَ, is doubtless a mistake; but to this, [says
SM,] I reply, that it is correctly
كَفِرَ, as
J and
F and other leading lexicologists have said; though the
aor. of the verb of
كُفْرٌ as meaning the
contr. of إِيْمَانٌ is
كَفُرَ; (
TA;) [or, if this latter verb be taken from the former, the
aor. of the former may have been originally
كَفِرَ and
كَفُرَ, and general usage may have afterwards applied the
aor. ـِ to one signification, while the
aor. ـُ has been applied by very few persons to that signification, but by all to the significations thence derived;]
inf. n. كَفْرٌ; (
S,
Msb;) and ↓
كفّرهُ, (
A,
Mgh,
K,)
inf. n. تَكْفِيرٌ; (
TA;) He veiled, concealed, hid, or covered, the thing: (
S,
A, *
Mgh, *
Msb,
K: *) or he covered the thing so as to destroy it: (
Az,
TA:) and
كَفَرَ عَلَيْهِ,
aor. [and
inf. n.] as above, he covered it; covered it over. (
K,) You say
كَفَرَ البَذْرَ الْمَبْذُورَ CCC He covered the sown seed with earth. (
TA.) And
كَفَرَ السَّحَابُ السَّمَآءَ The clouds covered the sky. (
A.) Lebeed says, فِى لَيْلَةٍ
كَفَرَ النُّجُومَ غَمَامُهَا In a night whereof the clouds that covered the sky concealed the stars. (
Msb.) You say also
كَفَرَــهُ اللَّيْلُ, and
كَفَرَ عَلَيْهِ, The night covered it with its blackness. (
TA.) And
كَفَرَــتِ الرِّيحُ الرَّسْمَ The wind covered the trace or mark [with dust.] (
A.) And
كَفَرَ فَوْقَ دِرْعِهِ He clad himself with a garment over his coat of mail. and دِرْعَهُ بِثَوْبٍ ↓
كَفَّرَ He covered his coat of mail with a garment. (
TA.) And
كَفَرَ مَتَاعَهُ He put his goods in a receptacle. (
TA.) and
كَفَرَ الْمَتَاعَ فِى الوِعَآءِ CCC He covered, or concealed, the goods in the receptacle. (
A.) And ↓
كَفَّرَ نَفْسَهُ بِالسِّلَاحِ He covered himself with the arms. (
A.) And
كَفَرَ الجَهْلُ عَلَى عِلْمِ فُلَانٍ Ignorance covered over the knowledge of such a one. (
TA.) وَكَيْفَ تَـ
ـكْفُرُــونَ, [thus, with damm as the vowel of the
aor. ,] in the
Kur, iii. 96, has been explained as signifying And wherefore do ye cover the familiarity and love in which ye were living? (
TA.)
b2: Hence, (
Msb,
TA,)
كَفَرَ, (
S,) and
كَفَرَ النِّعْمَةَ, and بِالنِّعْمَةِ; (
Msb;) and
كَفَرَ نِعْمَةَ اللّٰهِ, and بِنِعْمَةِ اللّٰهِ; (
K;)
aor. ـُ (
TA,)
inf. n. كُفْرَــانٌ. (
S,
K,) which is the most common form in this case, (El-Basáïr,) and كُفُورٌ, (
S,
K,) and
كُفْرٌ; (El-Basáïr;) He covered, or concealed, (
Msb,) and denied, or disacknowledged, the favour or benefit [conferred upon him]; (
S,
Msb;) he was ungrateful, or unthankful, or behaved ungratefully or unthankfully;
contr. of شَكَرَ; (
S;) and he denied, or disacknowledged, and concealed, or covered, the favour or benefit of God: (
K:) God's favours or benefits are the signs which show to those who have discrimination that their Creator is one, without partner, and that He has sent apostles with miraculous signs and revealed scriptures and manifest proofs. (
Az,
TA.) وَلَا نَـ
ـكْفُرُــكَ, in the prayer [termed القُنُوتُ], means وَلَا نَـ
ـكْفُرُ نِعْمَتَكَ [And we will not deny, or disacknowledge, thy favour; or we will not be ungrateful, or unthankful, for it]. (
Msb.) [The verb when used in this sense, seems, from what has been said above, to be a حَقِيقَة عُرْفِيَّة, or word so much used in a particular
tropical sense as to be, in that sense, conventionally regarded as proper.]
b3: and hence,
كَفَرَ,
inf. n. كُفْرَــانٌ, is used to signify [absolutely] He denied, or disacknowledged. (
TA.) [See the
act. part. n., below: and see 3. See also art. ف, p. 2322 a.] You say
كَفَرَ بِالصَّانِعِ He denied the Creator. (
Msb.)
b4: Hence also, (
TA.)
كَفَرَ, (
S,
Msb,)
aor. ـُ (
Msb,
TA,)
inf. n. كُفُرٌ, (
S,
Msb,
K,) which is the most common form in this case, (El-Basáïr,) and
كَفْرٌ (
K) and
كُفْرَــانٌ (
Msb,
K) and كُفُورٌ, (
K,) He disbelieved; he became an unbeliever, or infidel;
contr. of آمَنَ,
inf. n. إِيْمَانٌ. (
S,
K.) You say
كَفَرَ بِاللّٰهِ (
S,
Msb) He disbelieved in God: (
S:) because he who does so conceals, or covers, the truth, and the favours of the liberal Dispenser of favours [who is God]. (
MF.) [Also, as shown above, He denied God.] It is related in a
trad. of 'Abd-El-Melik, that he wrote to El-Hajjáj, مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِالـ
ـكُفْرِ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهُ, meaning, Whosoever confesses the unbelief of him who opposes the Benoo-Marwán, and goes forth against them, let him go his way. (
TA.) See also
كُفْرٌ, below.
b5: [He blasphemed: a signification very common in the present day.]
b6: Also,
كَفَرَ بِكَذَا He declared himself to be clear, or quit, of such a thing. (
Msb.) In this sense it is used in the
Kur xiv. 27. (
Msb,
TA.)
b7: And
كَفَرَ also signifies He was remiss, or fell short of his duty, with respect to the law, and neglected the gratitude or thankfulness to God which was incumbent on him. So in the
Kur xxx. 43; as is shown by its being opposed to عَمِلَ صَالِحًا. (
TA.)
A2: كَفَرَ لَهُ,
inf. n. كَفْرٌ: see 2.
2 كفّرهُ,
inf. n. تَكْفِيرٌ: see 1, first signification, in three places.
A2: Hence,
كَفَّرَ الذَّنْبَ It (war in the cause of God [or the like]) covered, or concealed, the crime or sin: (
Mgh:) (or expiated it: or annulled it; for] تكفير with respect to acts of disobedience is like إِحْبَاطٌ with respect to reward. (
S,
K.) The saying in the
Kur [
v. 70.] لَـ
ـكَفَّرْــنَا عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ means, We would cover, or conceal, their sins, so that they should become as though they had not been: or it may mean, We would do away with their sins; as is indicated by another saying in the
Kur [xi. 116,] “ good actions do away with sins. ” (El-Basáïr.)
كَفَّرَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ الذَّنْبَ signifies God effaced his sin. (
Msb.)
b2: And
كَفَّرَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ [He expiated his oath;] he performed, (
Msb,) or gave, (
K,) what is termed كَفَّارَة [i. e. a fast, or alms, for the expiation of his oath]: (
Msb,
K:) تَكْفِيرٌ of an oath is the doing what is incumbent, or obligatory, for the violation, or breaking, thereof: (
S:)
كَفَّرَ يَمِينَهُ is a vulgar phrase. (
Mgh.)
A3: كَفَّرَــهُ as
syn. with أَـ
ـكْفَرَــهُ: see 4.
A4: كَفَّرَ لَهُ,
inf. n. تَكْفِيرٌ, (
A,
Mgh,
TA,) He did obeisance to him, lowering his head, or bowing, and bending himself, and putting his hand upon his breast: (
Mgh:) or put his hand upon his breast and bent himself down to him: (
TA:) or he made a sign of humbling himself to him; did obeisance to him: (
A:) namely, an عِلْج [or unbeliever of the Persians or other foreigners] (
A,
Mgh) or a ذِمِّىّ [or free non- Muslim subject of a Muslim government, i. e., a Christian, a Jew, or a Sabian] (
Mgh) to the king; (
A,
Mgh;) or a slave to his master, or to his دِهْقَان [or chief]: (
TA:) and ↓
كَفَرَ, [
aor. ـُ
accord. to the rule of of the
K,] (
TK,)
inf. n. كَفْرٌ, (
K,) he (a Persian, فَارِسِىٌّ,
K, and so in the
L and other lexicons, but in the
TS فَارِس, without ى, which is probably a mistake of copyists,
TA) paid honour to his king, (
K,
TA,) by making a sing with his head, near to prostration: (
TA:) تَكْفِيرٌ is a man's humbling himself to another, (
S,
K,
TA,) bending himself, and lowering his head, nearly in the manner termed رُكُوعٌ; as one does when he desires to pay honour to his friend; (
TA;) or as the عِلْج does to the دِهْقَان: (
S:) and the تكفير of the people of the scriptures [or Christians and Jews, and Sabians] one's lowering his head to his friend, like the تَسْلِيم with the Muslims: or one's putting his hand, or his two hands, upon his breast: (
TA:) and تكفير in prayer is the bending one's self much in the state of standing, before the action termed رُكُوعٌ; the doing of which was disapproved by Mohammad,
accord. to a
trad. (
TA.) It is said in a
trad., إِذَا أَصْبَحَ ابْنُ آدَمَ فَإِنَّ الأَعْضَآءَ تُـ
ـكَفِّرُ كُلُّهَا لِلِّسَانِ When the son of Adam rises in the morning, verily all the members abase themselves to the tongue, (
Mgh,
TA,) and confess obedience to it, and humbly submit to its command. (
TA.)
b2: تَكْفِيرٌ also signifies The crowning a king with a crown, [because] when he, or it, is seen, obeisance is done to him (إِذَا رُئِىَ
كُفِّرَ لَهُ). (
K.)
b3: See also تَكْفِيرٌ below.
3 كَافَرَنِى حَقِّى He denied, or disacknowledged, to me my right, or just claim. (
A,
Mgh,
K.) Hence the saying of 'Ámir, إِذَا أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ القَاضِى
بِشَىْءٍ ثُمَّ كَافَرَ [When he confesses a thing in the presence of the
Kádee, then denies, or disacknowledges: كَافَرَ being thus used in the sense of
كَفَرَ]. But as to the saying of Mohammad [the lawyer], رجُلٌ لَهُ عَلَى آخَرَ دَيْنٌ فَكَافَرَهُ بِهِ سِنِينَ [A man who owed to another a debt, and denied to him, in the case of it, for years], he seems to have made it imply the meaning of المُمَاطَلَة, and therefore to have made it
trans. in the same manner as المماطلة is
trans. (
Mgh.) 4 ا
كفرهُ, (
S,
A,
Mgh,
K,) and ↓
كفّرهُ, (
A,
Mgh,
Msb,) [the latter of which is the more common in the present day,] He called him a كَافِر [i. e. a disbeliever, an unbeliever, or an infidel]: (
S,
Mgh,
K:) he attributed, or imputed to him, charged him with, or accused him of, disbelief, or infidelity: (
S,
A,
Msb:) or he said to him
كَفَرْــتَ [Thou hast become an unbeliever, or infidel, or Thou hast blasphemed: in this last sense, “ he said to him Thou hast blasphemed, ”
كفّرهُ, to which alone it is assigned in the
Msb, is very commonly used in the present day]. (
Msb.) Hence the saying, لَا تُـ
ـكْفِرْ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ قِبْلَتِكَ Do not thou
attribute or impute disbelief or infidelity to any one of the people of thy kibleh; (
S,
TA;) i. e., do not thou call any such a disbeliever, &c.; or do not thou make him such by thine assertion and thy saying. (
TA.) لَا تُـ
ـكَفِّرُــوا أَهْلَ قِبْلَتِكُمْ is not authorized by the relation, though it be allowable as a
dial. form. (
Mgh.)
b2: [Also] أَـ
ـكْفَرْــتُهُ,
inf. n. إِكْفَارٌ, I made him a disbeliever, an unbeliever, or an infidel; I compelled him to become a disbeliever, &c. (
Msb.) And أَـ
ـكْفَرَ فُلَانٌ صَاحِبَهُ Such a one compelled his companion by evil treatment to become disobedient after he had been obedient. (
Mgh.) And أَـ
ـكْفَرَ الرَّجُلُ مُطِيعَهُ The man compelled him who had obeyed him to disobey him: (
T,
TA:) or he made him to be under a necessity to disobey him. (
TA.)
A2: ا
كفر He (a man,
TA) kept, or confined himself, to the
كَفْر, (
K,) i. e. قَرْيَة [town or village]; (
TA;) as also ↓ اكتفر. (
IAar,
K.) 5 تـ
ـكفّر بِالسِّلَاحِ He covered himself with the arms. And تـ
ـكفّر بِالثَّوْبِ He enveloped himself entirely with the garment. (
A.) 8 إِكْتَفَرَ see 4, last signification.
كَفْرٌ The darkness and blackness of night; [because it conceals things;] as also, sometimes, ↓
كِفْرٌ. (
S,
K.) [See also كَافِرٌ.] See a verse cited
voce ذُكَآءُ.
A2: Earth, or dust; because it conceals what is beneath it. (
Lh.)
A3: [Hence also] A grave, or sepulchre: (
S,
K:)
pl. كُفُورٌ. (
S.) Whence the saying, أَللّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِأَهْلِ الكُفُورِ [O God, pardon the people of the graves]. (
S.)
A4: [And hence, perhaps,] A town, or village; [generally the latter;]
syn. قَرْيَةٌ: (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K:) a Syriac word, and mostly used by the people of Syria [and of Egypt]: or,
accord. to El-Harbee, land that is far from men, by which no one passes: (
TA:)
pl. كُفُورٌ: (
S,
Msb:) in the present day, it is applied in Egypt to any small قَرْيَة [or village] by the side of a great قَرْيَة [or town]: they say القَرْيَةُ الفُلَانِيَّةُ وَـ
ـكَفْرُــهَا [Such a town and its village]: and sometimes one قَرْيَة has a number of كُفُور. (
TA.) Hence the saying of Mo'áwiyeh, أَهْلُ الكُفُورِ هُمْ أَهْلُ القُبُورِ [The people of the villages are the people of the graves]; meaning, that they are as the dead; they do not see the great towns and the performance of the congregational prayers of Friday: (
S,
Mgh:) by الكفور he meant the villages (القُرَى) remote from the great towns and from the places where the people of science assemble, so that ignorance prevails among their inhabitants, and they are most quickly affected by innovations in religion and by natural desires which cause to err. (
Az,
TA.) Hence also the
trad. (of Aboo-Hureyreh,
TA), لَيُخْرِجَنَّكُمُ الرُّومُ مِنْهَا
كَفْرًــا
كَفْرًــا [The Greeks will assuredly expel you from them, town by town, or village by village]; (
S, *
TA;) i. e. from the فُرًى of Syria. (
S,
TA.)
b2: كَفْرٌ عَلَى
كَفْرٍ also signifies One upon another; or one part upon another. (
TA.)
كُفْرٌ: see 1. [
As a simple
subst., Ingratitude, &c.
b2: And particularly Denial, or disacknowledgment, of favours or benefits, and especially of those conferred by God: and disbelief, unbelief; infidelity.] It is of four kinds:
كُفْرُ إِنْكَارٍ the denial, or disacknowledgment, of God, with the heart and the tongue, having no knowledge of what is told one of the unity of God [&c.]: and
كُفْرُ جُحُودٍ the acknowledgment with the heart without confessing with the tongue: [or the disacknowledgment of God with the tongue while the heart acknowledges Him:] and
كُفْرُ المُعَانَدَةِ the knowledge of God with the heart, and confession with the tongue, with refusal to accept [the truth]: and
كُفْرُ النِّفَاقِ the confession with the tongue with disbelief in the heart: all of these are unpardonable: (
L,
TA:) the greatest
كُفْر is the denial, or disacknowledgment, of the unity [of God], or of the prophetic office [of Mohammad and others], or of the law of God. (El-Basáïr.) [Also, Blasphemy. Its
pl., as a simple
subst. in all these senses, is said to be كُفُورٌ.].
Akh says, that كُفُورًا [in the
accus. case] in the
Kur xvii. 101, [to which may be added
v. 91 of the same ch., and xxv. 52,] is
pl. of
كُفْرٌ, like as بُرُودٌ is
pl. of بُرْدٌ. (
S.)
A2: Tar, or pitch,
syn. قِيرٌ; with which ships are smeared; (
K;) of which there are three sorts,
كُفْرٌ and قِيرٌ and زِفتٌ:
كفر is melted, and then ships are smeared with it: [whence,
app., its name, from its being a covering:] زفت is used for smearing skins for wine, &c. (
ISh.)
كِفْرٌ: see
كَفْرٌ.
كَفَرٌ: see كَافُورٌ.
كَفْرَــةٌ: see كَافِرٌ.
كُفَرَّــى, and its variations: see كَافُورٌ.
كَفُورٌ: see كافر.
كَفَّارٌ: see كافر.
كَفَّارَةٌ a
subst. from تَكْفِيرُ اليَمِينِ, (
S,) or an intensive
epithet in which the quality of a
subst. predominates; signifying [An expiation for a sin or crime or a violated oath;] an action, or a quality, which has the effect of effacing a wrong action or sin or crime; (
TA;) that which covers, or conceals, sins or crimes; such as the كفّارة of oaths [violated], and that of [the kind of divorce termed] ظِهَار, and of unintentional homicide; (
T,
TA;) an expiation (مَا
كُفِّرَ بِهِ), such as an alms-giving, and a fasting, and the like: (
K:)
pl. كَفَّارَاتٌ. (
T,
TA.) كَافِرٌ A sower: (
S,
K:) or a tiller of the ground: (
Msb:) because he covers over the seed with earth: (
S,
Msb: *)
pl. كُفَّارٌ. (
S,
TA.) The
pl. is said by some to be thus used in the
Kur lvii. 19. (
TA.)
b2: Dark clouds, or a dark cloud; (
K;) because it conceals what is beneath it. (
TA.)
b3: Night: (
K:) or intensely black night; because it conceals everything by its darkness. (
S.)
b4: The darkness; (
K;) because it covers what is beneath it; (
TA;) as also ↓
كَفْرَــةٌ,
accord. to the copies of the
K; but in the
L,
كَفْرٌ,
q. v. (
TA.)
b5: The sea; (
S,
A,
K;) for the same reason. (
TA.) Thaalabeh Ibn-So'eyr El-Mazinee says, (
S,
TA,) describing a male and a female ostrich and their returning to their eggs at sunset, (
TA,) فَتَذَكَّرَا ثَقَلًا رَثِيدًا بَعْدَمَا
أَلْقَتْ ذُكَآءُ يَمِينَهَا فِى كَافِرِ [And they remembered goods placed side by side, after the sun had cast its right side into a sea]; i. e., the sun had begun to set: or the poet may mean [by كافر] night: (
S,
TA:) but
Sgh says, that the right reading is تَذَكَّرَتْ; the pronoun referring to the female ostrich. (
TA.)
b6: Also, A great river: (
S,
K:) used in this sense by El-Mutalemmis: (
S:) and a great valley. (
K.)
b7: [A man] staying, or abiding, [in a place,] and hiding himself. (
TA.) [See an
ex. voce عَرْشٌ.]
b8: [A man] wearing arms; covered with arms: (
Az,
K:) as also ↓ مُـ
ـكَفِّرٌ (
A,
K) and ↓ مُتَـ
ـكَفِّرٌ (
S, A) and ↓ مُـ
ـكَفَّرٌ: (
A:) or this last signifies bound fast in iron; (
K,
TA;) as though covered and concealed by it: (
TA:)
pl. of the first, كُفَّارٌ. (
K.) Hence the following, (
K,) said by Mohammad during the pilgrimage of valediction, (
TA,) لَا تَرْجِعُوا بِعْدِى كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ (
K) [Do not ye become again, after me, i. e., after my death,] wearers of arms, preparing yourselves for fight, [one party of you smiting the necks of others;] as though he meant thereby to forbid war: (
AM,
TA:) or [do not ye become unbelievers, after me, &c.; i. e.,] do not ye call people unbelievers, and so become unbelievers [yourselves]. (
AM,
K,
TA.)
b9: A coat of mail; (
Sgh,
K;) because it conceals what is beneath it. (
TA.)
b10: One who has covered his coat of mail with a garment worn over it. (
S.)
b11: كَافِرُ الدُّرُوعِ A garment that is worn over the coat of mail. (
A.)
A2: One who denies, or disacknowledges, the favours or benefits of God: (
K:) [ungrateful; unthankful; especially to God:] one who denies, or disacknowledges, the unity [of God], and the prophetic office [of Mohammad and others], and the law of God, altogether,
accord. to the common conventional acceptation: a disbeliever; an unbeliever; an infidel; a miscreant;
contr. of مُؤْمِنٌ: (El- Basáïr:) because he conceals the favours of God: (
S:) or because his heart is covered; as though it were of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (
IDrd,
TA:) or because
كُفْر covers his heart altogether: (
Lth,
TA:) i. e. having a covering to his heart: or because, when God invites him to acknowledge his unity, He invites him to accept his favours; and when he refuses to do so, he covers the favour of God, excluding it from him: (
Az,
TA:)
fem. with ة: (
S,
Msb,
K:)
pl. masc.
كَفَرَــةٌ, (
S,
Msb,
K,) the most common
pl. of كافر in the first of the senses explained above, (El-Basáïr,) and كُفَّارٌ, (
S,
Msb,
K,) the most common
pl. of the same in the last of those senses, as
contr. of مؤمن, (El-Basáïr,) and كِفَارٌ (
S,
K) and كَافِرُونَ: (
Msb:) and
pl. fem.
كَوَافِرُ (
S,
Msb,
K) and كَافِرَاتٌ: (
Msb:) and ↓ رَجُلٌ كَفَّارٌ, and ↓ كَفُورٌ signify the same as كَافِرٌ: (
K:) or كَفُورٌ is an intensive
epithet, meaning very ungrateful, or unthankful, [&c., especially to God]: so in the
Kur xxii. 65, and xliii. 14: and كَفَّارٌ has a more intensive signification than كَفُورٌ, [meaning habitually ungrateful, &c.:] os in the
Kur ا 23: but sometimes it is used in the sense of كَفُورٌ; as in the
Kur xiv. 37: (ElBasáïr:) ↓ كَفُورٌ is
fem. as well as
masc.; (
TA;) and its
pl. is
كُفُرٌ, (
K, *
TA,) also both
masc. and
fem.; and it has no unbroken
pl. (
TA.)
b2: Also, simply, Denying, or disacknowledging; a denier, or disacknowledger: followed byبِ before the thing denied:
pl. كَافِرُونَ: (
S,
TA;) so in the
Kur ii. 38, (
TA,) and xxviii. 48. (
S,
TA.)
b3: [Also, Blaspheming; a blasphemer.]
A3: See also كَافُورٌ.
كَافُورٌ The spathe, or envelope of the طَلْع [or spadix], (
As,
S,
K,
TA,) or upper covering thereof, (
TA,) of a palm-tree; (
As,
S,
K,
TA;) the كِمّ of a palm-tree: (
Mgh,
Msb:) as also ↓
كُفَرَّــى, (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,) with damm to the ك and fet-h to the ف and teshdeed to the ر, (
Mgh,
Msb,) or
كُفُرَّــى, [so in the copies of the
K, and so I have found it written in other works, so that both forms appear to be correct,] and
كَفَرَّــى and
كِفِرَّــى, (
K, *
TA,) and ↓ كَافِرٌ (
AHn,
K) and ↓
كَفَرٌ: (
K:) so called because it conceals what is within it: (
Mgh,
Msb:) or,
accord. to
AA and
Fr, the طَلْع [by which they probably mean the spathe, for, as is said in the
Mgh, it is applied by some to the كِمّ (or spathe) before it bursts open]: (
S:) [↓
كفرّــى is sometimes
masc., though more properly and commonly
fem.:]
IAar says, I heard Umm-Rabáh say.
هٰذِهِ
كفرّــى and هٰذَا
كفّرى: (
TA:) the
pl. of كَافُورٌ is كَوَافِيرُ; and the
pl. of كَافِرٌ is كَوَافِرُ. (
TA.)
b2: Also (
tropical:) The زَمَع of the grape-vine; (
K,
TA;) i. e., the leaves which cover what is within them of the raceme; likened to the كافور of the طلع; (
TA;) the كِمّ [or calyx] of the grapes, before the blossom comes forth; because they cover the unopened raceme;
accord. to
IF, as also ↓
كُفَرَّــى: (
Msb:)
pl. كَوَافِيرُ and كَوَافِرُ,
accord. to the
K; but it is well known that the former is
pl. of كافور, and the latter of كافر. (
TA.)
b3: And,
accord. to some, (assumed
tropical:) The envelope [or calyx] of any plant. (
TA.)
A2: [Camphor;] a kind of perfume, (
S,
K,) well known, from certain trees [the laurus camphora of Linn.] in the mountains of the sea of India and China, which afford shadow to many people or creatures, (
K,) by reason of its greatness and its many spreading branches, (
TA,) which leopards or panthers frequent, and the wood of which is white and easily broken; the كافور is found within it, and is of various kinds, in colour red, and becoming white only by تَصْعِيد [or sublimation]. (
K.)
A3: Accord. to the
M, A mixture of perfume, composed of the spathe (كافور) of the spadix of the palm-tree. (
TA.)
A4: A certain spring, or fountain, in paradise. (
Fr.
K.) So in the
Kur [lxxvi. 5,] إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُورًا [Verily the pious shall drink a cup of wine whereof the mixture is
Káfoor]. (
Fr.)
IDrd says, that it should be imperfectly
decl., because it is a
fem. [proper] name, determinate, of more than three letters; but it is made perfectly
decl. for the conformity of the ends of the verses:
Th says, that it is made perfectly
decl. because it is used by way of comparison; and that if it were a [proper] name of the spring, or fountain, it would be imperfectly
decl.:
Th means, says
ISd, whereof the mixture is like كافور [or camphor]: and
Zj says, that it may mean that the taste of perfume and كافور is in it, or that it is mixed with كافور. (
TA.)
A5: A certain plant, (
Lth,
K,) [which I believe to he the same as the camphorata Monspeliensis, see my “ Thousand and One Nights, ”
ch. xxviii. note 6,] of sweet odour, (
ISd,
K,) the flower of which is (
Lth,
K) white, (
Lth,) like the flower of the أُقْحُوَان [or camomile]. (
Lth,
K.)
A6: IDrd says, I do not think the كافور is Arabic, because they sometimes say قَفُورٌ and قَافُورٌ. (
TA.) أَـ
ـكْفَرُ [More, or most, ungrateful or unthank-ful, especially to God; or disbelieving or unbelieving]. (
TA.) تَكْفِيرٌ, as a
subst., The crown of a king. (
ISd,
K.) مُـ
ـكْفَّرٌ A bird covered with feathers. (
A.) See also كَافِرٌ: and see مَكْفُورٌ.
A2: One who, though beneficent, is regarded, or treated, with ingratitude; (
K;) a benefactor whose beneficence is not gratefully acknowledged. (
A.) مُـ
ـكَفِّرٌ: see كَافِرٌ.
رَمَادٌ مَكْفُورٌ Ashes upon which the wind has swept the dust so that it has covered them. (
S.) See also مُـ
ـكَفَّرٌ.
مُتَـ
ـكَفِّرٌ: see كَافِرٌ.
كفل كفن كفى See Supplement
