فصد

1 فَصَدَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. فَصْدٌ (S, O, K) and فِصَادٌ, (O, K,) [or the latter is a simple subst.,] He cut, (S, O,) or slit, (K,) [or opened,] a vein; (S, O, K,) as also ↓ افتصد. (S, * K.) b2: And فَصَدَــهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. فَصْدٌ (M, L, Msb) and فِصَادٌ, (M, L,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He cut, or slit, [or opened,] it, namely, a vein, (M, L.) [And app., accord. to the Msb, He bled him by opening a vein; agreeably with what here follows.] And one says also, فَصَدَ النَّاقَةَ He slit [or opened] a vein of the she-camel to draw forth the blood therefrom and to drink it [or to put it in a gut and broil it: see فَصِيدٌ]. (M L.) b3: لَمْ يُحْرَمْ مَنْ فُصْدَ لَهُ He has not been denied the entertainment of a guest for whom a camel has been bled by the slitting [or opening] of a vein and who has had the blood so obtained, (M, A, * K,) is a prov.; (S, M, A, O;) فُصْدَ being for فُصِدَ, (S, M, O, K,) like ضُرْبَ for ضُرِبَ, and قُتْلَ for قُتِلَ; (M;) and some, also, say فُزْدَ; (S, M, O, K;) for every quiescent ص before د may be changed into ز; and every movent ص before د may have somewhat of the sound of ز given to it, (S, M, O,) but may not in this case be altogether changed into ز; so that for صَدَرَ and صَدَفَ you may not say زَدَرَ and زَدَفَ: (M:) some, also, say مَنْ قُصِدَ لَهُ, with ق, meaning مَنْ أُعْطِىَ قَصْدًا i. e. [who has been given] a little: (S, O, K:) the origin of the saying was this: two men passed the night at the abode of an Arab of the desert, and, meeting in the morning, one of them asked his companion respecting the entertainment given by the host, and the latter answered, “I was not entertained as a guest, but only a vein [of a camel] was slit [or opened] to draw blood for me; ” whereupon the other replied in the words above: (O, K:) or a man used to entertain another as his guest in a time of scarcity, and, having no food to offer him, and being unwilling to slaughter his camel, bled it by slitting [or opening] a vein, and heated the blood that came forth, for his guest, until it became thick, and gave it to him to eat; and hence this prov.: (M, L:) it is applied to him who has obtained a part of that which he wanted. (Yaakoob, M, O, L, K.) [See فَصِيدٌ.] b4: One says also, فَصَدَ لَهُ عَطَآءً, (O, L, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. فَصْدٌ, (L,) meaning He apportioned to him a gift, or stipend, and caused it to be transmitted to him. (O, L, K.) 2 رَأَيْتُ فِى الأَرْضِ تَفْصِيدًا مِنَ السَّيْلِ means I saw, in the ground, a cleft, or furrowed, state, resulting from the torrent. (ISh, O, L, K. * [Here تَفْصِيدًا is a pass. inf. n., used as a subst.]) b2: and تَفْصِيدٌ, also, signifies The macerating [a thing] with a little water. (ADk, O, K.) 4 افصد الشَّجَرُ, and ↓ انــفصد, The trees opened their gems, (M, K,) and disclosed the extremities of their leaves. (M.) 5 تَــفَصَّدَ see 7. [Hence,] تــفصّد جَبِينُهُ عَرَقًا His جبين [i. e. forehead, or side of the forehead,] flowed with sweat: (M, O:) the last word is here put in the accus. case as a specificative; and has the force of an agent; the meaning being, the sweat of his جبين flowed. (M.) 7 إِنْــفَصَدَ see 4. b2: Also, and ↓ تــفصّد, It flowed: (S, O:) or both signify it flowed in small quantity; said of blood. (A.) b3: See also what next follows.8 إِفْتَصَدَ He (a man) had his vein cut [or opened; i. e. he had blood taken from him by the opening of a vein; and so ↓ انــفصد as used in the present day]. (Lth, L, Msb. *) b2: See also 1, first sentence.

فُصْدَــةٌ: see فَصِيدَةٌ.

فِصَادٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]: (M, O, L, K:) or a simple subst. [signifying The act of bleeding by opening a vein]. (Msb.) فَصِيدٌ and ↓ مَفْصُودٌ A vein slit [or opened]. (M, K.) b2: And both signify also A man bled by the opening of a vein. (TK.) b3: Also, the former, Blood (S, M, O, L, K) obtained by the cutting [or opening] of a vein (S, O, L) of a camel, (L,) and put into a gut, (S, M, O, K,) in the Time of Ignorance, (M,) and broiled: (S, M, K:) the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance used to eat it, (M, A, * L,) and to give it to the guest to eat, in a season of dearth. (S, O, * L.) فَصِيدَةٌ Dates kneaded and mixed with blood; (Ibn-Kuthweh, O, L, K;) as also ↓ فُصْدَــةٌ; (O, K;) thus termed by Ibn-'Abbád: (O:) a medicine given to children. (Ibn-Kuthweh, O, L.) فَصَّادٌ A phlebotomist, or bleeder. (MA. [See also what next follows.]) فَاصِدٌ [Bleeding, or (like فَصَّادٌ) one who bleeds, by opening a vein]. (Msb.) b2: And الفَاصِدَانِ signifies The place [or the two places] of the running of the tears upon the cheek. (O.) اِعْصِبْ مَــفْصِدَــهُ [Bind thou his place of bloodletting]. (A.) مِــفْصَدٌ [A lancet;] the instrument with which a vein is slit [or opened]. (O, Msb, K.) مَفْصُودٌ: see فَصِيدٌ.

مُتَــفَصِّدٌ: see what follows.

مُنْــفَصِدٌ and ↓ مُتَــفَصِّدٌ Flowing; (M, K;) running: (K:) [or flowing in small quantity: see 7.]

صدف

1 صَدَفَ عَنِّى, (S, O,) or عَنْهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (O, K,) He turned away from, avoided, shunned, and left, (S, O, Msb, K,) me, (S, O,) or him, or it; (Msb, K;) so the verb signifies in the Kur vi. 158 [and a similar instance occurs in verse 46 of the same chap.]; (O;) and so عَنْهُ ↓ تصدّف: (O, * K:) and (so in the K [but more properly “ or ”]) صَدَفَ, (A'Obeyd, M, O, K,) aor. ـِ (M, K) and صَدُفَ, (K,) inf. n. صَدْفٌ and صُدُوفٌ, (M, O, K, TA, [صَدَفًا in the CK is a mistake,]) he turned away, (A'Obeyd, M, O, K, TA,) or became turned away, or back, (O, K, TA,) and declined, (K, TA,) عَنْهُ from it, (M, O,) namely, a thing; (O;) said of a man. (K.) And صَدَفَتْ, said of a woman, She turned away her face. (Msb.) A2: See also 4.

A3: صَدَفٌ is an inf. n. (S, M, O, Msb) of which the verb is صَدِفَ, (M, Msb,) and from which is derived the epithet ↓ أَصْدَفُ applied to a horse, or to a camel: (S, M, O:) it signifies, in relation to a horse, The having the thighs near together, and the hoofs far apart, with a twisting of the pasterns (S, O, K:) or a crookedness in the fore legs: (M:) or an inclining in the hoof towards the off side: (ISk, S, M, Mgh, O, K:) or an inclining of the foot (As, S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K) of the fore leg or of the kind leg (As, S, M, O, Msb) of the camel, towards the off side; (As, S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) if towards the near side, the epithet applied to him is أَقْفَدُ, (As, S, O, K,) and the verb is قَفِدَ, inf. n. قَفَدٌ: (TA:) or an inclining in the قَدَم [or human foot]; As says, I know not whether from the right or from the left: or an approaching of one of the knees towards the other; thus, peculiarly, in the horse: or a nearness together of [the two tendons called] the عُجَايَتَانِ, and a wideness apart of the hoofs, with a twisting of the pasterns; one of the natural faults of horses: (M:) (Mtr says,] as meaning a twisting in the neck, I have not found it. (Mgh.) 3 صادفهُ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. مُصَادَفَةٌ, (M, TA,) He found him; or lighted on him; syn. وَجَدَهُ; (S, O, K, TA;) namely, another man; (S, O;) and لَقِيَهُ [which may also be rendered he met with him; or encountered him]; (O, K, TA;) and وَافَقَهُ [which signifies the same]. (M, * TA, and S and K in art. وفق.) One says, صَادَفْتُ فُلَانًا بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا I found, or met with, such a one in such a place; syn. وَافَقْتُهُ. (TA in art. وفق.) And صَادَفْتَ أَمْرَكَ مُوَافِقًا لِإِرَادَتِكَ [Thou foundest thine affair, or thy case, suitable to thy wish; i. e., foundest it to be so: thus, in this instance, and in many others, like its syns. وَجَدْتَ and لَقِيتَ, the verb has two objective complements]. (S * and K * and TA in art. وفق.) b2: And مُصَادَفَةٌ signifies also The being opposite, one to another; or the facing one another; or the matching one another; syn. مُحَاذَاةٌ. (TA.) 4 اصدفهُ He, or it, turned him away, (S, M, O, K,) or back; or caused him to return, go back, or revert; (K, TA;) عَنْهُ from it; (M;) and ↓ صَدَفَهُ, (O, K,) inf. n. صَدْفٌ, (O,) signifies the same; (O, K;) the latter verb being trans. as well as intrans., but when trans. having only one inf. n., that mentioned above. (O.) One says, أَصْدَفَنِى عَنْهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا Such and such things turned me away from it. (S, O.) 5 تصدّف: see 1, first sentence. b2: Also I. q.

تَعَرَّضَ: (TA:) in the saying of Muleyh ElHudhalee, فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَتْ أَحْمَالُهَا وَتَصَدَّفَتٌ بِشُمِّ المَرَاقِى بَارِدَاتِ المَدَاخِلِ [app. describing a she-camel, or a number of camels, meaning And when her, or their, burdens were, or became, adjusted, or firm or steady, and she, or they, went alternately to the right and left, (see the phrase تَعَرَّضَتِ الإِبِلُ المَدَارِجَ, in art. عرض,) in the high places of ascent, cold in the entrances thereof, because of their height], Skr says, تَصَدَّفَتْ means تَعَرَّضَتْ. (M, TA.) 6 تَصَادَفَا, said of two sides of a mountain, They met together, and faced each other. (TA.) صَدَفٌ inf. n. of صَدِفَ [q. v.]. (M, Msb.) A2: Also Anything high, or lofty, (As, S, M, O, K,) such as a wall and a mountain, (M,) or such as a wall and the like; (K;) like what is termed هَدَفٌ: (As, S, O:) and the side of a mountain: (M:) or صَدَفٌ and هَدَفٌ both signify any building or structure, that is high, or lofty, and great; (A'Obeyd, TA;) accord. to Az, likened to the صَدَف of a mountain, which is the side that faces one, thereof: (TA:) and صَدَفٌ and ↓ صُدُفٌ (S, M, O, K) and ↓ صُدَفٌ and ↓ صَدُفٌ, (O, K,) accord. to different readings of a passage in the Kur, (S, M, O, K,) [xviii. 95,] in which the dual occurs, (S, M, O,) signify the place of ending, or breaking off, (S, O, K,) of a mountain, (K,) or of a lofty mountain: (S, O:) or the side of a mountain: (K:) or the part between two mountains: (M:) or, as used in this instance, (K, TA,) in the verse of the Kur, (TA,) الصَّدَفَانِ, (M, K,) as also ↓ الصُّدُفَانِ, (M,) means two mountains (M, L, K) meeting together, (M, L, TA,) in the copies of the K, مُتَلَازِقَانِ [i. e. cleaving together], but the correct reading is مُتَلَاقِيَانِ, as in the L [and M], (TA,) between Ya-jooj and Ma-jooj: (M, L, K, TA:) and ↓ الصُّدُفَانِ, (M, K,) with damm to the د (M,) i. e. with two dammehs, especially, (K,) or this as well as الصَّدَفَانِ, (TA,) means the two sides of the شِعْب [app. here meaning ravine, or gap, between two mountains], or of the valley: (M, K, TA:) so says IDrd: (M, TA:) both signify the two sides of the mountain when they [meet together, and] face each other, so called لِتَصَادُفِهِمَا, i. e. because of their meeting together, and facing each other, having between them a [road such as is termed] فَجّ, or a شِعْب [expl. above], or a valley. (TA.) A3: Also [The mother-of-pearl shell; or oyster-shell; and any shell of a mollusk: and, by an extension of its primary application, the oyster itself; and any shell-fish, or testaceous mollusk of the water, and likewise of the land:] the cover of the pearl; (K;) or this is called صَدَفُ الدُّرَّةِ, (S, O,) or صَدَفُ الدُّرِّ; (Msb;) a kind of cover created in the sea, composed of [what are termed]

صَدَفَتَانِ [i. e. a pair of shell-valves], which are opened from [i. e. so as to disclose] a kind of flesh in which is life, called the مَحَارَة [i. e. oyster], and in the like thereof are found pearls; (Lth, TA;) i. q. مَحَارٌ [which means oyster-shells, and also oysters themselves, and both of these may be here meant, as both are correct meanings of صَدَفٌ]: (M:) n. un. with ة: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) [in the Msb it is also said that الصَّدَفَةُ signifies the مَحَارَة, which is the مَحْمِل of the pilgrims; but I think that this is a mistake, caused by understanding مَحَارَة here in a wrong sense; for I find no other authority for assigning this meaning to الصَّدَفَةُ:] pl. أَصْدَافٌ. (O, K.) [See an ex. of the pl. voce حَلَزُونٌ.] b2: [Hence,] الصَّدَفَةُ signifies also, (M, TA,) or صَدَفَةُ الأُذُنِ, (O,) The مَحَارَة [or concha, i. e. the external, deep, and wide, cavity, around the hole,] of the ear. (M, O, TA.) b3: [And hence, also,] الصَّدَفَتَانِ signifies The two small hollows, or sockets, in each of which is set the head of one of the two thing-bones, and in each of which is a ligament (عَصَبَةٌ [app. that called ligamentum teres, forming a tie]) to that head. (M, TA.) [And in like manner, The two sockets in the scapula, in each of which turns the head of one of the two upper arm-bones: (see حَارِقَةٌ:) or these, it seems, are called by some الصَّدَفَانِ; for it is said that] الصَّدَفُ signifies the part of the scapula which is the place of the وَابِلَة. (O, K.) b4: And صَدَفٌ also signifies (tropical:) Flesh, (O,) or a piece of flesh, (K, TA,) growing in a wound of the head, next the skull, resembling the cartilages. (O, K.) A4: And in the Tekmileh it is said that [the pl.] أَصْدَافٌ signifies Waves of the sea. (TA.) A5: See also صُدَفٌ.

صَدُفٌ: see صَدَفٌ, second sentence.

صُدَفٌ: see صَدَفٌ, second sentence.

A2: Also, i. e. like صُرَدٌ, (O, K,) or ↓ صَدَفٌ, (so in a copy of the M,) A species of animal of prey: (M, O, K: *) or, as some say, a bird. (M, O, K.) صُدُفٌ: see صَدَفٌ, in three places.

صَدَفِىٌّ A camel of a certain sort, (M, K, *) of excellent quality, (K,) [ISd says,] so called, (M, K,) I think, in relation to a tribe of Arabs of El-Yemen, (M,) or in relation to a sub-tribe (بَطْن) of Kindeh, (K,) called الصَّدِفُ. (M, K.) [See also صَرَفِىٌّ.]

A2: [Also a rel. n. from صَدَفٌ; Testaceous.]

صَدُوفٌ A woman who turns away her face (Lh, M, Msb) from her husband: (Lh, M:) or a woman who turns her face towards one and then turns away: (S, O, K:) or a woman who desires not kisses: (M:) or having a stinking mouth, (Lh, Ibn-'Abbád, M, O, K,) as an epithet applied to a female, (Lh, M,) or to a male: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) applied in this last sense to a man because he turns away his face whenever any one speaks to him. (TA.) b2: And A she-camel that will not come to the watering-trough until it is left to her unoccupied: like صَرُومٌ. (TA in art. صرم. [See also what next follows.]) صَوَادِفُ [pl. of صَادِفَةٌ] Camels that come to others at the drinking-trough, and wait at their rumps until the drinkers have gone away, that they may go in. (S, O. [See also what next precedes.]) أَصْدَفُ: see صَدَفٌ, in the first paragraph.

مُصَدَّفٌ meaning One often attacked by diseases is a word used by the vulgar. (TA.) مَصْدُوفٌ Veiled, or concealed; covered; or protected; syn. مَسْتُورٌ. (TA.)

صدق

1 صَدَقَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, TA,) inf. n. صِدْقٌ (S, * M, O, * Msb, K, TA) and صَدْقٌ, (M, K,) the former of which is the more chaste, (TA,) or the latter is an inf. n. and the former is a simple subst., (K,) and تَصْدَاقٌ (M) and مَصْدُوقَةٌ, (O, K, TA,) which is one of the [few] inf. ns. of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, (O, TA,) [or a fem. pass. part. n. used as an inf. n. like as is said of its contr.

مَكْذُوبَةٌ,] he spoke, said, uttered, or told, truth, or truly, or veraciously; contr. of كَذَبَ: (Msb: [and in like manner it is said in the S and M and O and K that صِدْقٌ is the contr. of كَذِبٌ:]) Er-Rághib says that صِدْقٌ and كَذِبٌ are primarily in what is said, whether relating to the past or to the future, and [in the latter case] whether it be a promise or other than a promise; and only in what is said in the way of information: but sometimes they are in other modes of speech, such as asking a question, and commanding, and supplicating; as when one says, “Is Zeyd in the house? ” for this implies information of his being ignorant of the state of Zeyd; and when one says, “ Make me to share with thee, or to be equal with thee,” for this implies his requiring to be made to share with the other, or to be made equal with him; and when one says, “Do not thou hurt me,” for this implies that the other is hurting him: صِدْقٌ, he says, is [by implication] the agreeing of what is said with what is conceived in the mind and with the thing told of, together; otherwise it is not complete صِدْق, but may be described either as صِدْق or sometimes as صِدْق and sometimes as كَذِب according to two different points of view; as when one says without believing it, “Mohammad is the Apostle of God,” for this may be termed صِدْق because what is told is such, and it may be termed كَذِب because it is at variance with what the speaker conceives in his mind. (TA.) One says, صَدَقَ فِى الحَدِيثِ [He spoke truth in the information, or narration]. (S, O, K.) And صَدَقَهُ i. e. He told him, or informed him, with truth, or veracity, (AHeyth, * M, Msb, *) فِى القَوْلِ [in the saying]; for it is trans. as well as intrans. (Msb.) And صَدَقَهُ الحَدِيثَ (S, O, K, in the CK [erroneously] صَدَّقَ فُلانًا الحَدِيثَ) He told him with truth, or veracity, the information, or narration; for it is sometimes doubly trans. (TA.) And صَدَقَنِى سِنَّ بَكْرِهِ [He hath told me truly the age, or as to the age, of his youthful camel; or صَدَقَنِى سِنُّ بَكْرِهِ the age of his youthful camel has spoken truly to me]: (S, O, K:) a prov., (S, O,) expl. in art. بكر [q. v.]. (K.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يَصْدُقُ أَثَرُهُ and أَثَرَهُ, meaning Such a one, when asked, will not tell truly whence he comes. (M.) And صَدَقَتْ يَمِينُهُ His oath was, or proved, true. (Msb in art. بت.) صَدَقْتُ اللّٰهَ حَدِيثًا إِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ كَذَا is an oath of the Arabs, meaning لَا صَدَقْتُ الخ [May I not utter truly to God a saying, i. e. may I not speak truth to God, if I do not such a thing]. (AHeyth, O, K.) One says also, صَدَقَهُ النَّصِيحَةَ, and الإِخَآءَ, He rendered to him truly, or sincerely, good advice, and brotherly affection. (M.) And صَدَ قُوهُمُ القِتَالَ (S, M, K, * TA) [They gave them battle earnestly, not with a false show of bravery; as is implied in the S, and M, and K; i. e.] they advanced against them boldly in fight: (M, TA:) and in like manner, صَدَقُوا فِى القِتَالِ they advanced boldly in fight: or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the former means they gave them battle so as to fulfil their duty: and hence, in the Kur [xxxiii. 23], رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللّٰهَ عَلَيْهِ, Men who fulfilled the covenant that they had made with God. (TA.) And صَدَقَ اللِّقَآءَ, inf. n. صِدْقٌ, He was firm, or steady, in encounter, or conflict. (M, TA.) and صَدَقَ ظَنِّى My opinion was, or proved, true, or correct, like as one says [in the contrary case], كَذَبَ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) whence, in the Kur [xxxiv. 19], وَلَقَدْ صَدَقَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِبْلِيسُ ظَنَّهُ, meaning فِى ظَنِّهِ [i. e. And assuredly Iblees was, or proved to be, correct in his opinion that he had formed against them]: but some read ↓ صَدَّقَ, meaning, as Fr says, حَقَّقَ [i. e. Iblees proved, or found, to be true, his opinion &c.]. (TA.) and صَدَقَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ His soul [told him truth; meaning,] diverted him, or hindered him, or held him back, from an undertaking, causing him to imagine himself unable to prosecute it. (TA in art. كذب.) And صَدَقَ الصُّبْحُ [The dawn shone clearly]. (S in art. سقط.) [And one says of a word or the like, يَصْدُقُ عَلَى كَذَا, meaning It applies correctly to such a thing.] b2: صَدَقَ الوَحْشِىُّ: see 2, near the end.2 صدّقهُ, (S, M, O, &c.,) inf. n. تَصْدِيقٌ, contr. of كَذَّبَهُ. (O, * K.) [This explanation implies several meanings here following.] He attributed, or ascribed, to him truth, veracity, or the speaking truth. (Msb.) And He said to him, “Thou hast spoken truth. ” (Msb.) He accepted, or admitted, [or assented to, or believed,] what he said: (M:) you say, صدّقهُ فِى حَدِيثِهِ [He accepted, &c., what he said in his information, or narration]: (S:) and you say صدّق بِلِسَانِهِ [He assented to the truth of what was said with his tongue]; as well as بِقَلْبِهِ [with his heart, or mind]. (T in art. اَمن.) He held him to be a speaker of truth. (MA.) [He found him to be a speaker of truth. He, or it, proved him to be a speaker of truth; verified him; or confirmed the truth of what he said: see an ex. in a verse cited voce بَيْنٌ.] He found it (an opinion) to be true, or veritable. (Ksh and Bd and Jel, in xxxiv. 19.) He verified it; confirmed its truth; or proved it to be true, or veritable; i. e. an opinion [&c.]; syn. حَقَّقَهُ: (Ksh and Bd, ibid.:) one says, صَدَّقَ الخَبَرَ الخُبْرُ [The trial, proof, or test, verified the information]. (S in art. خبر.) See 1, near the end. In the saying in the Kur [xxxix. 34], وَالَّذِى جَآءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ, [which seems to be best rendered But he who hath brought the truth and he who hath accepted it as the truth, (see كَذَّبَ بِالأَمْرِ,)] 'Alee the son of Aboo-Tálib is related to have said that by الذى جآء بالصدق is meant Mohammad; and by الذى صدّق به, Aboo-Bekr: or, as some say, Gabriel and Mohammad [are meant by the former and the latter respectively]: or by the former, Mohammad; and by the latter, [every one of] the believers: (M:) accord. to Er-Rághib, by وصدّق به is meant and hath found, or proved, to be true (حَقَّقَ) that which he hath brought by word, by that which he hath aimed at (بِمَا تَحَرَّاهُ) by deed. (TA.) b2: صدّق is also said to signify He said, “This thing is the truth; ” like حَقَّقَ. (TA in art. حق.) b3: And this verb also denotes المُبَالَغَةُ فِى الصِّدْقِ: thus in the saying, صَدَّقَتْ فِيهِمْ ظُنُونِى

[My opinions respecting them were, or proved to be, very true or correct]. (Ksh, in xxxiv. 19.) b4: صدّق الوَحْشِىُّ, (O, K, TA,) or ↓ صَدَقَ, (so in a copy of the M,) (tropical:) The wild animal ran without looking aside, when charged upon, or attacked: (M, O, K, TA:) mentioned by IDrd. (O, TA.) A2: صَدَّقَهُمْ He exacted from them the poor-rate. (TA. [See صَدَقَةٌ.]) b2: See also 5.3 صَادَقْتُهُ, (M,) inf. n. مُصَادَقَةٌ (S, M, O, K) and صِدَاقٌ, (M, O, K,) the latter like كِتَابٌ, (TA, [in the CK erroneously written صَداق,]) I acted, or associated, with him as a friend, or as a true, or sincere, friend. (S, * M, O, * K. *) [See also 6.]4 اصدق المَرْأَةَ He named for the woman a صَدَاق [or dowry]: (S, M, * O, K:) or he gave her her صَدَاق: (M, * Msb:) or he appointed her, or assigned her, a صَدَاق, on taking her as his wife: (TA:) and he married her, or took her as his wife, on the condition of his giving her a صَدَاق. (Msb.) And sometimes this verb is doubly trans.; whence, in a trad., مَا ذَا تُصْدِقُهَا فَقَالَ إِزَارِى [It was said, “What is it that thou meanest for her, or givest her, as her dowry? ” and he said, “My waist-wrapper ”]. (Mgh.) 5 تصدّق عَلَيْهِ He gave him (i. e. the poor, Mgh, Msb) what is termed صَدَقَة, (M, Mgh, Msb,) meaning [an alms, or] what is given for the sake of God, (M,) or what is given with the desire of obtaining a recompense from God: (M, * Mgh:) and عليه ↓ صَدَّقَ signifies the same; (M, TA;) and in this sense صدّق is [said by some to be] used in the Kur lxxv. 31. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xii. 88], وَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْنَا: (TA:) or this means (assumed tropical:) And do thou confer a favour upon us by giving that which is [not like the mean merchandise that we have brought, but of middling quality,] between good and bad. (M.) One says, تَصَدَّقْتُ بِكَذَا, meaning I gave such a thing as a صَدَقَة. (Msb.) See an ex. voce شِقٌّ.

The saying, in a trad., إِنَّ اللّٰهَ تَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِثُلُثِ

أَمْوَالِكُمْ, meaning (tropical:) [Verily God] hath conferred a favour [upon you by giving you a third of your possessions to bequeath to whom ye will], if correct, is tropical. (Mgh.) b2: It is said by Ibn-Es-Seed, on the authority of Az and IJ, and mentioned by IAmb, that تصدّق signifies also He asked, or begged, for what is termed صَدَقَة [or alms]: but Fr and As and others disallow the beggar's being called مُتَصَدِّق: (Az, TA:) IKt says that the verb is improperly used in this sense by the vulgar: (Msb:) [and accord. to J and Sgh,] one says, مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ يَسْأَلُ, and one should not say يَتَصَدَّقُ. (S, O.) 6 تَصَادُقٌ signifies The acting, or associating, as friends, or as true, or sincere, friends, one with another. (K. [See also 3.]) And I. q. صِدْقٌ: (TA:) [or rather mutual صِدْق; contr. of تَكَاذُبٌ:] one says, تَصَادَقَا فِى الحَدِيثِ and فِى المَوَدَّةِ (S, O, TA) They were true, or sincere, each to the other, in information, or narration, and in love, or affection; contr. of تَكَاذَبَا. (O, TA.) صَدْقٌ is an inf. n. of صَدَقَ [q. v.]: (M, K:) b2: and is used as an epithet, applied to a man &c.: (S, M, O, K, TA:) [and] ↓ صِدْقٌ [also, if not a mistranscription for صَدْقٌ,] is an inf. n. used as an epithet, applied to a man and to a woman: (so in a copy of the M and in the TA:) [it is said that] the former signifies Hard, (S, M, O, Msb,) applied to a spear, (S, M, O,) and to other things: (M:) or even, or straight; (S, O;) or it signifies thus also, applied to a spear, and to a sword: (M:) or hard and even or straight, applied to a spear, (K, TA,) and to a man, (K,) or to the latter as meaning hard: or, as IB says, on the authority of IDrst, it is not from hardness, but means combining those qualities that are commended; and it is applied to a spear as meaning long and pliant and hard, and the like; and to a man, and to a woman likewise [without ة, but see what follows], as meaning true in hardness and strength and goodness; for, IDrst says, if it meant hard, one would say حَجَرٌ صَدْقٌ and حَدِيدٌ صَدْقٌ, which one does not: (TA:) and, applied to anything, (O, K, TA,) it means complete, or perfect, (Kh, O, K, TA,) thus applied to a man, (TA,) such as is commended; (O;) fem. with ة, (O, K, TA,) applied to a woman: (O:) the pl. is صُدْقٌ, applied to a company of men, (S, O, K,) and صُدُقٌ (K) and صَدْقُونَ, so applied, and صَدْقَاتٌ applied to women: (O, K:) and Ru-beh says, describing asses, مَقْذُوذَةُ الآذَانِ صَدْقَاتُ الحَدَقْ meaning [Rounded, as though pared, in the ears,] penetrating in the eyes; (O, TA;) which is [said to be] tropical. (TA.) صَدْقٌ signifies also Firm, or steady, in encounter, or conflict: (M:) or one says صَدْقُ اللِّقَآءِ, applying this epithet to a man, (S, O, K, TA,) meaning thus: (TA:) and صَدْقُ النَّظَرِ [firm, or steady, in look]. (S, O, K, TA. [Said in the TA to be tropical.]) صِدْقٌ is an inf. n. of صَدَقَ [q. v.]: (M, K, &c.:) or a simple subst., (K,) signifying [Truth; veracity; or] agreement of what is said with what is conceived in the mind and with the thing told of, together; otherwise it is not complete صِدْق, as expl. above in the first paragraph of this art. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: It is also syn. with شِدَّةٌ [meaning Hardness; firmness, compactness, or soundness; strength, power, or force; vigour, robustness, sturdiness, or hardiness; and courage, bravery, or firmness of heart]: (K, TA: [in the latter of which it is said to be tropical; but this is evidently not the case accord. to the O, in which it is said that it radically denotes قُوَّةٌ (i. e. strength, force, &c.,) in a saying &c.: in the K it is implied by the context that it is syn. with شِدَّة when used as the complement of a prefixed n. in instances mentioned in what here follows: but Sgh says, more correctly,]) a noun signifying anything to which goodness is attributed is prefixed to صِدْق, governing it in the gen. case; so that one says (O) رَجُلُ صِدْقٍ (Sb, M, O, K) [A man of good nature or disposition or character &c.], contr. of رَجُلُ سَوْءٍ; (Sb, M;) and صَدِيقُ صِدْقٍ [a friend of good nature &c.]; (O, K;) and likewise اِمْرَأَةُ صِدْقٍ [a woman of good nature &c.]; (K;) and in like manner also حِمَارُ صِدْقٍ

[an ass of a good kind]; (Sb, M, K;) and ثَوْبُ صِدْقٍ [a garment, or piece of cloth, of good quality]. (Sb, M.) The saying in the Kur [x. 93], (O,) وَلَقَدْ بَوَّأْنَا بَنِى اِسْرَائِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ meansAnd verily we assigned to the Children of Israel a good place of abode. (O, K.) b3: See also صَدْقٌ.

صَدْقَةٌ: see صَدَاقٌ; each in two places.

صُدْقَةٌ: see صَدَاقٌ; each in two places.

صَدَقَةٌ [An alms; i. e.] a gift (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K) to the poor (S, O, Msb) for the sake of God, (M, K,) or to obtain a recompense from God; (M, * Mgh, K; *) a portion which a man gives forth from his property by way of propitiation, [to obtain the favour of God,] like زَكَاةٌ, except that the former is primarily applied to such as as is supererogatory, and the latter to such as is obligatory: but it is said to be applied to such as is obligatory [i. e. to the زَكَاة, q. v., meaning the poor-rate, which is the portion, or amount, of property, that is given therefrom, as the due of God, by its possessor, to the poor, according to a fixed rate,] when the person who does so aims at conformity with the truth in his deed: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [in this latter sense, which is indicated in the S and O &c., and more plainly in the M, it is very frequently used:] and thus it is used in the Kur ix. 104, and in like manner its pl. in ix. 60: (Er-Rághib, TA:) the pl. is صَدَقَاتٌ. (S, M, O, Msb.) It is said in a trad., لَا صَدَقَةَ فِى الإِبِلِ الجَارَّةِ [There is no poorrate in the case of working camels], because they are the riding-camels of the people; for the poorrate is in the case of pasturing camels, exclusively of the working. (S in art. جر.) b2: See also صَدَاقٌ.

صَدُقَةٌ: see صَدَاقٌ, in two places.

صُدُقَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

صَدَاقٌ and ↓ صِدَاقٌ, (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former of which is the most common of the dial. vars. here mentioned, (Msb,) [but] the latter is [said to be] more chaste than the former, (Mgh,) and ↓ صَدُقَةٌ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (Msb,) and ↓ صُدْقَةٌ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) of the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) and ↓ صَدْقَةٌ (M, O, Msb, K) and ↓ صُدُقَةٌ (M, O, K) and ↓ صَدَقَةٌ, (M, K,) The مَهْر (S, M, Mgh, O, K) of a woman; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) [i. e. a dowry; nuptial gift; or gift that is given to, or for, a bride:] the pl. of صداق is صُدُقٌ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) a pl. of mult., (M,) or صُدْقٌ, (O,) or both, (K,) and أَصْدِقَةٌ, a pl. of pauc., (M,) or this is accordant to analogy, but has not been heard; (Mgh;) the pl. of ↓ صَدُقَةٌ is صَدُقَاتٌ; (S, Msb, K;) the pl. of ↓ صُدْقَةٌ is صُدْقَاتٌ and صُدَقَاتٌ and صُدُقَاتٌ, (O, * Msb, K,) which last is the worst; (K;) and the pl. of ↓ صَدْقَةٌ is صُدَقٌ, (Msb,) or صَدْقَاتٌ [by rule صَدَقَاتٌ]. (O.) صِدَاقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَدُوقٌ Having the quality of speaking, saying, uttering, or telling, truth, or truly, or veraciously, in a high, or an eminent, degree; very, or eminently, true or veracious: (Msb:) pl. صُدُقٌ and صُدْقٌ. (K.) See also أَصْدَقُ.

صَدِيقٌ A friend: (O, K:) or a true, or sincere, friend: (S, M, Msb, TA:) applied likewise to a female, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) as also صَدِيقَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) the former anomalous, the latter regular; (MF;) and to a pl. number, (S, M, O, K,) as in the Kur xxvi. 101 (M) [and in several other instances, of which see one in a verse cited voce رَوِىٌّ]: its proper pl. is أَصْدِقَآءُ (S, M, O, K) and صُدَقَآءُ and صُدْقَانٌ, (M, K,) the last on the authority of Fr, (TA,) and أَصَادِقُ, (M, O, K,) which is a pl. pl., (K,) said by IDrd to be anomalous, unless it be a pl. pl.: (O:) and the dim. is ↓ صُدَيِّقٌ; one says, هُوَ صُدَيِّقِى, meaning He is the most special, or most distinguished, of my friends, or of my true, or sincere, friends. (S, O, K.) صَدَاقَةٌ Love, or affection: (K:) or truth, or sincerity, of love or affection: (TA:) or friendship, or friendliness; (S, M;) or true, or sincere, friendship or friendliness: (S, M, Msb:) or true firmness of heart in love or affection; an attribute of a human being only. (Er-Rághib, TA.) صُدَيِّقٌ dim. of صَدِيقٌ, q. v. (S, O, K.) صِدِّيقٌ One who speaks, says, utters, or tells, truth, or truly, or veraciously, much, or often: (Mgh, O, K:) [or rather having the quality of speaking, saying, uttering, or telling, truth, or truly, or veraciously, in a very high, or very eminent, degree; for] it has a more intensive signification than صَدُوقٌ [q. v.]: (TA:) or i. q. مُصَدِّقٌ [which may have the latter of the two meanings expl. above, or may mean one who accepts, or admits, the truth of what is said, or who verifies, &c.: or مُصَدِّق in a high, or an eminent, degree; for it is added that] the fem. as used in the Kur v. 79 means superlative in الصِّدْق and التَّصْدِيق; as a possessive epithet, i. e. ذَاتُ تَصْدِيقٍ: (M:) or it signifies دَائِمُ التَّصْدِيقِ [i. e. always مُصَدِّق in one or another or all of the senses assigned to this word above: it may be correctly rendered eminently, or always, veracious: and eminently, or always, accepting, or confirming, the truth]: and it may mean one who verifies his saying by deed, or act: (S:) it is said in the “ Mufradát ” [of Er-Rághib] that it has the first of the meanings expl. in this paragraph: or rather means, one who never lies: or rather, one by whom lying cannot be practised because of his habitual veracity: or rather, one who is true in his saying and his belief, and who confirms his truth by his deed, or acting. (TA.) صَادِقٌ Speaking, saying, uttering, or telling, truth, or truly, or veraciously; true in respect of speech &c., or veracious. (Msb, TA.) b2: صِدْقٌ صَادِقٌ is a phrase like شِعْرٌ شَاعِرٌ, meaning Eminent, and exalted, veracity. (M, TA. *) b3: And حَمْلَةٌ صَادِقَةٌ [A charge, or an assault, made with earnestness, not with a false show of bravery,] is like the saying [in the contr. case] حَمْلَةٌ كَاذِبَةٌ. (M, TA: * said in the latter to be tropical.) See also مَصْدَق, in two places. b4: One says also تَمْرٌ صَادِقُ الحَلَاوَةِ, meaning Very sweet dates. (IDrd, O.) b5: And بَرْدٌ صَادِقٌ Vehement, or intense, cold. (TA voce بَحْتٌ &c.) الصَّيْدَقُ The small star cleaving to the middle one of [those called] بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ الكُبْرَى [which compose the tail of Ursa Major]; (Kr, M, TA;) [i. e. the star called السُّهَا, q. v.; for] it is said that the first of بنات نعش الكبرى, that is at the extremity thereof, is named القَائِدُ; and the second is العَنَاقُ, and by the side of it is a small star named السُّهَا and الصَّيْدَقُ; and the third is الحَوَرُ: (O:) or, accord. to AA, (O, TA,) the pole-star (القُطْبُ). (O, K, TA. [But this is strange; and the more so as it is added in the K that it is expl. in art. قود; for the explanation in that art. (though not free from obvious mistakes) identifies الصَّيْدَقُ with السُّهَا.]) b2: And, (K,) accord. to Sh, (O, TA,) it signifies الأَمِينُ [The trusted, trusted in, or confided in, &c.]. (O, K. [But it is added in the O that Sh cites a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi- s-Salt in which الأَمِينُ is applied as an epithet to the star called الصَيدق.]) b3: And, (K,) accord. to some, as AA says, (O,) it signifies The king. (O, K.) فَعَلَهُ فِى غِبِّ صَادِقَةٍ [in the CK فَعَلَهُ غِبَّ صادِقَةٍ] means He did it after the affair, or case, had become manifest to him. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) صُنْدُوقٌ, mentioned in this art. in the S and Msb: see art. صندق.

أَصْدَقُ [More, and most, true or veracious]. One says أَصْدَقُ مِنْ قَطَاةٍ [More veracious than a katáh]; because the bird thus called cries قَطَا قَطَا; [thus telling where it is to be found;] its name being imitative of its cry: (Meyd, and TA in art. قطو:) hence it is called by the Arabs ↓ الصَّدُوقُ: the saying is a prov. (Meyd.) ذُو مَصْدَقٍ, (JK, S, M, O,) with fet-h, (S,) or ↓ ذُو مِصْدَقٍ like مِنْبَر, (K,) applied to a man, (JK, M,) [i. e.] applied to a courageous man, (S, O, K,) means الحَمْلَةِ ↓ صَادِقُ [Earnest, not making a false show of bravery, in the charge, or assault]; (JK, S, M, O, K;) or courageous [in the charge, or assault]: (JK:) مَصَادِقُ, occurring in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, may be for ذَوُو مَصَادِقَ; or it may be an anomalous pl. of صِدْقٌ [used as an epithet], like مَلَامِحُ and مَشَابِهُ [pls. of لَمْحَةٌ and شَبَهٌ]. (M.) Also, (S, M, O, K,) applied to a horse, (M,) [i. e.] applied to a fleet and excellent horse, (S, O,) in like manner, (M,) meaning الجَرْىِ ↓ صَادِقُ [Earnest in running]; (S, O, K;) as though fulfilling his promise of running: (S, O: [said in the TA to be tropical:]) Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh says, إِذَا مَا اسْتَحَمَّتْ أَرْضُهُ مِنْ سَمَائِهِ جَرَى وَهْوَ مَوْدُوعٌ وَوَاعِدُ مَصْدَقِ meaning When his hoofs are wetted with the sweat of his upper parts, he runs, being left to himself, not beaten nor chidden, and a fulfiller of his promise to do his utmost. (S, O.) And sometimes it is applied to an opinion, in like manner [as meaning True, or sincere]. (M.) b2: مَصْدَقٌ also signifies Hardness. (Th, M.) b3: Also i. q. حَدٌّ [as meaning The edge of a sword]: (TA:) [in a copy of the M written جِدّ, which I think an evident mistake; for it is added,] and it is said to have this meaning in a verse of Dureyd Ibn-Es- Simmeh [relating to a sword]. (M, TA.) مِصْدَق: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُصَدَّقٌ A man from whom the poor-rate (صَدَقَة) of his cattle is exacted. (TA.) مُصَدِّقٌ One who accepts, admits, assents to, or believes, another in his information, or narration. (S, TA.) A2: Also The exactor, or collector, (S, M, O, Msb, K, TA,) of the صَدَقَات, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. (TA) of the حُقُوق [or dues, meaning poor-rates], (M, TA,) of the cattle, (Msb,) or of the sheep or goats, (S, M, O, TA,) and of the camels, (M, O, TA,) for the persons to whom pertain the shares [thereof]. (TA.) مُصَّدِّقٌ: see مُتَصَدِّقٌ.

مِصْدَاقٌ A thing that confirms, or proves, the truth of a thing: (S, K:) [and] a verbal evidence of the truth, or veracity, of a man. (Har p. 106.) One says, هٰذَا مِصْدَاقُ هٰذَا This is what confirms, or proves, the truth of this. (S.) And شَىْءٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِصْدَاقٌ [A thing having nothing to verify it]. (IAar, TA in art. برق.) مَصْدُوقَةٌ [see 1, near the beginning]. One says لَيْسَ لِحَمْلَتِهِ مَصْدُوقَةٌ [meaning There is no earnestness attributable to his charge, or assault]; like as one says [in the contr. case], ليس لَهَا مَكْذُوبَةٌ. (M.) مُتَصَدِّقٌ One who gives what is termed صَدَقَة [meaning alms]: (S, O, Msb, K:) accord. to Kh, it means thus, and also one who asks [alms]; (O, TA;) and IAmb says the like; but Az says that the skilful of the grammarians disallow this; and thus say Fr and As and others: (TA:) [J, also, and Sgh and Fei, say that] it has only the former meaning: (S, O, Msb:) it is also pronounced ↓ مُصَّدِّقٌ, by substitution [of ص for ت] and incorporation [of one ص into the other]; (S, * O, * Msb, K; *) and this pronunciation of the pl. both masc. and fem. occurs in the Kur lvii. 17, (S, O, K,) where Ibn-Ketheer and Aboo-Bekr, differing from others, read without teshdeed to the ص. (O.)

صدع

1 صَدَعَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. صَدْعٌ, (S, * Msb, K, *) He clave, split, slit, or cracked, it [i. e. a hard thing, such as a glass vessel, and a wall, and the like of these; (see صَدْعٌ below;) or so generally]; syn. شَقَّهُ; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ صدّعهُ, [but app. in an intensive sense, or relating to a number of objects,] inf. n. تَصْدِيعٌ: (TA:) or so as to divide it in halves: or so that it did not separate. (K.) b2: [Hence,] one says, صَدَعَهُ صَدْعَ الرِّدَآءِ [He slit it, or rent it, as with the slitting, or rending, of the garment called رداء]. (TA.) b3: And صَدَعَ الفَلَاةَ (tropical:) He traversed, or crossed, the desert; [as though he clave it;] (S, Msb, K, TA;) and in like manner, النَّهْرَ the river. (TA.) And هٰذَا الطَّرِيقُ يَصْدَعُ فِى

أَرْضِ كَذَا وَكَذَا (assumed tropical:) [This road extends through such and such a land]. (TA.) And صَدَعَ اللَّيْلَ, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He journeyed during [or through] the night. (IKtt, TA.) b4: صَدْعٌ also signifies The act of separating, or dispersing, or scattering; (Msb;) and so ↓ تَصْدِيعٌ; (S, O;) syn. تَفْرِيقٌ [with which each is probably syn. in other, but similar, senses]. (S, O, Msb.) One says, صَدَعَ الشَّىْءَ He, or it, separated, or dispersed, or scattered, the thing. (TA.) And صَدَعْتُ القَوْمَ, inf. n. صَدْعٌ, (assumed tropical:) I separated, or dispersed, or scattered, the people, or party. (Msb.) And صَدَعَتْهُمُ النَّوَى means [in like manner] فَرَّقَتْهُم [i. e. (tropical:) The place that was the object of the journey separated them from their homes &c.]; and so ↓ صَدَّعَتْهُم; whence التَّصْدَاعُ [as an inf. n., like التَّصْدِيعُ]. (TA.) and صَدَعْتُ الغَنَمَ صِدْعَتَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) I separated, or divided, the sheep, or the goats, into two flocks or herds. (S, TA.) b5: [And hence,] صَدَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) I made the thing distinct [as though separate from others], apparent, manifest, evident, clear, or plain: whence the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb in a verse cited in art. فيض, conj. 4. (S.) b6: and صَدَعَ بِالحَقِّ (tropical:) He spoke the truth openly, or aloud, (S, Msb, K, TA,) distinguishing, or discriminating, between it and falsehood: and thus Kh has expl. the verb as used in the verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb above referred to. (TA.) And صَدَعَ بِالأَمْرِ, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He made known the affair, or case, by speaking of it. (K, TA.) b7: فَاصْدَعْ بِمَا تُؤْمَرُ, in the Kur [xv. 94], means (assumed tropical:) Therefore cleave thou, or divide thou, their congregation, [app. by separating the believers from the unbelievers, with that wherewith thou art charged, (بِهِ being understood after تؤمر,) i. e.,] with the declaration of the unity [of God]: (IAar, O, Msb, K:) or (assumed tropical:) distinguish thou therewith between the truth and falsehood: (AO, O, Msb, K:) or (assumed tropical:) dispense thou among them in their collective state [that wherewith thou art charged, i. e.] the announcement [of the unity &c.]: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) reveal thou, or make manifest, (Fr, Zj, S, Msb, K, TA,) that with which thou art charged, (Zj, Msb, TA,) and fear not any one, (Zj, TA,) or the ordinance, i. e., (Fr, TA,) thy religion; (Fr, S, TA;) ما [with what follows it] being held by Fr, who thus explains the phrase, to occupy the place of an inf. n., namely, الأَمْر: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) utter thou openly, or aloud, (O, K, TA,) that with which thou art charged, meaning, accord. to Ibn-Mujáhid, (TA,) the Kur-án: (O, K, TA:) in the R it is said to be from الصَّدِيعُ meaning “ the daybreak; ” ignorance being likened to the darkness of night, and the Kur-án to light that cleaves that darkness: (TA:) or (assumed tropical:) order thou, or ordain, or decree, [that with which thou art charged, i. e.,] the truth: and (assumed tropical:) decide thou according to the ordinance [prescribed to thee]: (O, K, TA:) or (tropical:) direct thy course by that [revelation] with [the preaching of] which thou art charged: (O, K, TA:) so says Th, on the authority of an Arab of the desert; accord. to whom, (O, TA,) b8: صَدَعَ فُلَانًا signifies (tropical:) He directed his course to such a one because of his generosity. (Th, O, K, TA.) b9: صَدَعَ بِالأَمْرِ, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) also signifies (assumed tropical:) He hit, or attained, with the affair, its proper place [or object]. (K, TA.) b10: and صَدَعْتُ إِلَى الشَّىْءِ, (Az, S, K,) aor. as above, (Az, S,) inf. n. صُدُوعٌ, (assumed tropical:) I inclined to the thing. (Az, S, K. *) b11: And صَدَعَهُ عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, turned him away from him, or it. (K.) One says, مَا صَدَعَكَ عَنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (assumed tropical:) What turned thee away from this affair? (S, O, TA:) and some say, ما صَدَغَكَ, with the pointed غ, which is better. (O, TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

A3: and see صَادِعٌ, last sentence.2 صَدَّعَ see 1, in three places.

A2: [Freytag adds two other explanations of صدّع: namely, “Immisit,”

followed by an accus. and فى; taken by inference from the Ham p. 196, l. 12 from the bottom: and “ Rupit, perdidit; ” from Reiske's additions to Golius: but both of these require consideration.]

b2: [صدّعهُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) It affected him with headache; as though it made his head to split.] One says, صَدَّعَنِى أَزِيزُ الرَّحَى (assumed tropical:) [The sounding of the mill-stone affected me with headache]. (A and TA in art. از.) And صُدِّعَ, inf. n. تَصْدِيعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He (a man, S) was, or became, affected with صُدَاع [or headache]; (S, O, K; [see the Kur lvi. 19;]) and ↓ صُدِعَ [without teshdeed], pass. part. n. ↓ مَصْدُوعٌ, is allowable in poetry. (O, K.) 5 تصدّع, of which اِصَّدَّعَ is a var.: (O, K:) see 7, in four places. b2: Also It became separated, or dispersed, or scattered. (K.) One says, تصدّع القَوْمُ (tropical:) The people, or party, became separated, or dispersed, or scattered. (S, Msb, TA.) And تصدّعوا عَنِّى (assumed tropical:) They became separated, &c., from me. (TA.) يَوْمَئِذٍ يَصَّدَّعُونَ, in the Kur [xxx. 42], means On that day they shall become separated into two parties, a party in Paradise and a party in Hell. (Zj, O, TA.) and one says, تصدّع السَّحَابُ (assumed tropical:) The clouds became [scattered, or] dissundered. (TA.) And تَصَدَّعَتِ الأَرْضُ بِفُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one, fleeing, became concealed in the earth or land [as though it became cloven with him]. (O, K, and Ham pp. 136 and 418.) A2: تصدّع لَهُ: see تصدّأ, in art. صدأ.7 انصدع [generally said of a hard thing, such as a glass vessel, and a wall, and the like of these, (see 1, first sentence,)] It became cloven, split, slit, or cracked; or, in an intrans. sense, it clave, split, slit, or cracked; syn. اِنْشَقَّ: (S, Msb, K:) [or so as to become divided in halves: or so that it did not separate: (see again 1, first sentence:)] as also ↓ تصدّع [but app. in an intensive sense, meaning it became cloven &c., or it clave &c., much, or in several places]. (O, K.) One says, البَيْضَةُ وَلَمْ تَتَفَلَّقْ ↓ تَصَدَّعَتِ [The egg cracked, or rather cracked in several places, but did not split apart]. (Az, S in art. قيض.) And ↓ تصدّع الثَّوْبُ The garment, or piece of cloth, became slit or rent, or much slit or rent; i. q. اِنْصَاحَ. (Msb in art. صيح.) And انصدعت الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ The earth clave with, or became cloven by, the plants, or herbage; as also ↓ تصدّعت. (TA.) and انصدع الصُّبْحُ (assumed tropical:) The dawn broke; like انفجر, and انفلق, and انفطر. (TA.) صَدْعٌ [originally an inf. n.] A cleft, split, slit, or crack, (Lth, S, O, K, TA,) [generally] in a hard thing, (Lth, O, K, TA,) such as a glass vessel, and a wall, and the like of these: pl. صُدُوعٌ. (TA.) Hassán says, satirizing El-Hárith Ibn-'Owf El-Murree, وَأَمَانَةُ المُرِّىِّ حَيْثُ لَقِيتَهُ مِثْلُ الزُّجَاجَةِ صَدْعُهَا لَمْ يُجْبَرِ

[And the fidelity of the Murree, where (meaning wherever) thou meetest him, is like the glass vessel, of which the crack is not repaired]. (O, TA.) b2: And A part, or portion, separated, of a thing, (O, K, TA,) of sheep or goats, and the like: (TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly thus termed]: (O, K, TA:) like خَلْقٌ in the sense of مَخْلُوقٌ, &c. (O, TA.) b3: And The plants of the earth; (K;) because they cleave it: (TA:) [i. e.] the plants from over which the earth cleaves: so in the phrase وَالأَرْضِ ذَاتِ الصَّدْعِ, in the Kur lxxxvi. 12: (Bd:) or this phrase means And the earth which is cloven by the plants (Th, Bd, TA) and by the springs. (Bd.) A2: And i. q. إِلْبٌ: (TA:) you say, النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدْعٌ وَاحِد, (K, TA,) and إِلْبٌ وَاحِدٌ [or أَلْبٌ وَاحِدٌ], (TA,) The people are one company combined in hostility against them: (K, TA:) and in like manner وَعْلٌ واحد and ضِلَعٌ واحد: so says Az. (TA.) A3: And A man light of flesh; and so ↓ صَدَعٌ, (S, K,) sometimes: (S:) or of middling stature, light of flesh: (Ks, TA:) like the mountain-goat thus termed. (TA.) b2: See also صَدَعٌ.

صِدْعٌ The half of a thing that is cloven, or split, or slit, in halves. (K, * TA. [See also صِدْعَةٌ.]) You say, صَدَعَ الشَّىْءَ صِدْعَيْنِ He clave, or split, or slit, the thing in halves. (TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A company of men. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A woman who makes a division in the state of a people and does not repair it. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) صَدَعٌ and ↓ صَدْعٌ, (K,) or the former only, (S,) applied to a mountain-goat, and a gazelle, and an ass, [app. a wild ass,] (S, K,) and a camel, (K,) Of a middling size, neither great nor small, but between the two: (S:) or youthful and strong: [see also صَدِيعٌ:] or [in the CK “ and ”] the former word signifies a thing of any sort between two things; between tall and short, and youthful and advanced in age, and fat and lean, and great and small. (K.) b2: For the former word as applied to a man: see صَدْعٌ. b3: Also, thus applied Penetrating, sharp, or effective, in his affair. (TA.) A2: [It is said that] صَدَعٌ signifies also The صَدَأ [i. e. rust] of iron. (K.) [But this seems to be a mistake, which has arisen from what here follows.] It is said that [a certain person called] El-Uskuff [which generally means “ the bishop ”], being asked by 'Omar respecting the Khaleefehs, designated [him who was afterwards] the fourth of them ['Alee] as صَدَعٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ, meaning [lit.] thereby A mountain-goat of iron; using it as a hyperbolical appellation to denote his might and courage and endurance and hardness: or the phrase, as some relate it, is صَدَأٌ حَديدٌ [which may be rendered, “light or active in body ” (a meaning assigned to صَدَأٌ and صَدَعٌ, the latter of which is said to be in this sense the original), and “ sharp ”]; or صَدَأُ حَدِيدٍ [i. e.

“ rust of iron,” app. alluding to his frequent and long-continued wearing of mail and bearing of weapons]; which last is thought by As to be most probably correct. (O, * TA.) صِدْعَةٌ The half of a thing that is cloven, split, or slit, in halves; as also ↓ صَدِيعٌ. (K. [See also صِدْعٌ.]) b2: And A [herd such as is termed] صِرْمَة of camels; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ صَدِيعٌ: (S, O, K: *) or, accord. to Az, a herd of camels amounting to sixty. (O, TA.) and A separate flock, or herd, of sheep or goats; as also ↓ صَدِيعٌ: (S, O, K:) or, as some say, of these also, amounting to sixty: and it is said to signify also a herd of gazelles: (TA:) and ↓ صَدِيعٌ signifies also a herd of oxen [probably meaning wild oxen]. (O, TA.) b3: One says also, عَلَيْهِ صِدْعَةٌ مِنْ مَالٍ i. e. [On him lies a debt of] a small amount of property. (TA.) صَدَعَاتٌ (tropical:) [Divisions in opinion &c.]. One says, بَيْنَهُمْ صَدَعَاتٌ فِى الرَّأْىِ وَالهَوَى (tropical:) Between them is division [in opinion and affection; or rather between them are divisions &c.]. (O, K, TA.) And أَصْلِحُوا مَا فِيكُمْ مِنَ الصَّدَعَاتِ (tropical:) [Repair ye the divisions that are among you;] i. e. become ye in a state of unity. (O, TA.) and إِنَّهُمْ عَلَى مَا فِيهِمْ مِنَ الصَّدَعَاتِ أَلِبَّآءُ كِرَامٌ (tropical:) [Verily they, notwithstanding the divisions that are among them, are intelligent and generous]. (TA.) [It is stated in the TA, among the additions to the K in this art., that one says also, إِنَّهُمْ عَلَى مَا تَرَى

لَكِرَامٌ ↓ مِنْ صَدَاعَتِهِمْ app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily they, notwithstanding what thou seest of their disunion, are generous: but I think it most probable that صَدَاعَتِهِمْ is a mistranscription for صَدَعَاتِهِمْ.]

A2: [Reiske, as stated by Freytag, explains it as signifying also Camels going swiftly.]

صُدَاعٌ (assumed tropical:) Headache: (S, O, Msb, K:) Er-Rághib says that it is like a splitting in the head by reason of pain; and is a metaphorical term. (TA.) صَدِيعٌ Either half of a garment, or piece of cloth, (O, K,) that is slit in halves: (O:) and a thing [شَىْءٌ accord. to the copies of the K, but I think that the right reading is شَىْءٍ i. e. “ of a thing,”] that is cloven, or split, or slit, in halves: pl. صُدُعٌ. (K.) See also صِدْعَةٌ, first sentence. It is also said to signify A [garment of the kind called] رِدَآء, that is slit in halves. (TA.) And A new patch in an old and worn-out garment. (O, K.) And A garment much rent. (TA.) and A black garment which a wailing woman wears with a white garment beneath it, and which she rends at her bosom so that the white one appears: so says Kásim Ibn-Thábit. (TA.) And A garment that is worn beneath the coat of mail. (O, K.) And A shirt [of a middling size] between two shirts, neither large nor small. (TA.) b2: See also صِدْعَةٌ, second and third sentences, in three places. b3: Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) applied to a mountain-goat, it signifies Youthful: and (some say, O) of middling size; syn. مَرْبُوعُ الخَلْقِ; (O, K, TA;) i. e. between two [in size]; like صَدَعٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Daybreak: (S, O, K:) because it cleaves the night. (O.) A3: And Fresh milk which is put in a place, and becomes cool, and overspread by a thin skin: (O, K:) so called because you skim off (تَصْدَعُ, lit.

“ cleave,”) that thin skin from the clear milk. (O.) صَدَاعَةٌ: see a saying mentioned above, voce صَدَعَاتٌ.

صَادِعٌ [act. part. n. of صَدَعَ; Cleaving, splitting, &c.] b2: [Hence,] applied to a valley, (O, K,) and a road, or way, (سَبِيلٌ, O, TA, in the K erroneously written سَيْلٌ [a torrent], TA, [or both may be correct,]) and a mountain, (K, TA, [in the O, حَبْلٌ is put for جَبَلٌ,]) (assumed tropical:) Extending far along the earth. (O, K, TA.) b3: And, applied to the daybreak, (assumed tropical:) Shining, or bright; syn. مُشْرِقٌ. (IDrd, O, K.) b4: Also (assumed tropical:) One who decides, or judges, between, or among, a people, or party. (TA.) b5: A poet (قيس بن ذريح) says, فَلَمَّا بَدَا مِنْهَا الفِرَاقُ كَمَا بَدَا بِظَهْرِ الصَّفَا الصَّلْدِ الشُّقُوقُ الصَّوَادِعُ

[i. e. And when separation from her appeared, like as appear the cleaving cracks in the surface of the hard and smooth rock]: it may be that ↓ صَدَعَ is syn. with تَصَدَّعَ in some dial. [and that صَوَادِع is pl. of its part. n.]: or this may be an instance of a possessive epithet, meaning having a cleaving. (TA.) هُوَ أَصْدَعُهُمْ بِالصَّوَابِ فِى أَسْرَعِ جَوَابٍ (assumed tropical:) [app. He is the most effective of them in deciding rightly in a most quick answer]. (TA.) مَصْدَعٌ (tropical:) A smooth, or plain, road, in a rugged tract of ground: pl. مَصَادِعُ. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) مِصْدَعٌ A [sort of arrow-head, or arrow, such as is termed] مِشْقَص [q. v.]: pl. مَصَادِعُ. (IDrd, O, K.) Hence the quiver is called خَابِئَةُ المَصَادِعِ [The concealer, or guarder, of the مصادع]. (TA.) b2: دَلِيلٌ مِصْدَعٌ (assumed tropical:) A guide going his way [app. with energy]. (TA.) b3: And خَطِيبٌ مِصْدَعٌ (assumed tropical:) An orator, or a preacher, perspicuous, (O, K, TA,) eloquent, (K, TA,) and bold in speech. (TA.) مَصْدُوعٌ: see 2, last sentence.

بجل

1 بَجُلَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَجَالَةٌ and بُجُولٌ, He (a man) was, or became, such as is termed بَجَال and بَجِيل [i. e. magnified, honoured, &c.]. f[g(K.) A2: بَجَلَ, aor. ـَ and بَجَلَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. بَجْلٌ and بُجُولٌ; He was, or became, in a good state or condition; having abundance of herbage, or of the goods or conveniences or comforts of life. (K.) b2: And He was, or became, joyful, glad, or happy. (K.) A3: [بَجَلَهُ He bled him (namely, a horse, or a camel,) by opening the vein called الأَبْجَل: so accord. to analogy; like وَدَجَهُ, meaning “he bled him by opening the vein called الوَدَج,” &c.] لَمْ يُبْجَلْ means He had not been bled in the أَبْجَل. (TA.) 2 بجّلهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَبْجِيلٌ, He magnified, honoured, revered, venerated, or respected, him: (S, Msb, K:) or he said to him بَجَلٌ, meaning Sufficient for thee (جَسْبُكَ) is the place [or condition or rank] which thou hast attained. (K.) 4 ابجلهُ It sufficed, or contented, him. (S, K.) b2: It rejoiced him. (TA.) بُجْلٌ: see بَجَلٌ.

بَجَلْ is a noun (Mughnee) syn. with حَسْبُ: (S, Mughnee, K: *) and is also a verbal noun syn. with يَكْفِى. (Mughnee, K. *) You say بَجَلِى (S, Mughnee, K) and بَجْلِى, (S, K,) meaning حَسْبِى

[My sufficiency, or a thing sufficing me, i. e. sufficient for me, is such a thing]: (S, Mughnee, K:) [it is said in the Ham, p. 145, as on the authority of Akh, that they do not say بَجْلى; but this is a mistranscription for بَجَلْنِى, as will be seen from what follows:] and, using it as a verbal noun, (Mughnee, K,) but this is rare, (Mughnee,) you say بَجَلْنِى, meaning يَكْفِينِى [It suffices me, or will suffice me]; (Mughnee, K;) and بَجَلْكَ, meaning يَكْفِيكَ [It suffices thee, or will suffice thee]: (K:) or, accord. to Akh, they say بَجَلْكَ, like as they say, قَطْكَ; but not بَجَلْنِى, like قَطْنِى: (S:) or the ن in بَجَلْنِى is absolutely necessary accord. to him who says that بَجَلٌ is a verbal noun; and accord. to him who says that this word is syn. with حَسْبُ, the ن is allowable. (MF.) [See, under the words قَدْ and قَطْ, what is said respecting قَدْنِى and قَطْنِى.] In the saying of Jábir Ibn-Ra-lán Es-Simbisee, لَمَّا رَأَتْ مَعْشَرًا قَلَّتْ حَمُولَتُهُمْ قَالَتْ سُعَادُ أَهٰذَا مَالُكُمْ بَجَلَا [When she saw a company whose beasts of burden were few, So'ád said, Is this your property, sufficing you?] meaning, when she saw the fewness of our camels: the last word occupies the place of a denotative of state, and is made to end thus by poetic license: Abu-l-'Alà says that this word may be put in the accus. case as meaning not exceeding what I see; or it may be for بَجَلِى, after the manner of some of the Arabs who are related, by Akh and others, to have said غُلَامَا for غُلَامِى. (Ham pp. 299 and 300.) [See also 2: and see بَجَلٌ.]

A2: It is also a particle, (Mughnee,) meaning نَعَمْ [Yes; yea; or even so]. (Mughnee, K.) بَجَلٌ Calumny, slander, or false accusation: or this is with damm; (K;) i. e. ↓ بُجْلٌ; (T, TA;) meaning a great calumny &c.; (K, * TA;) and Az thinks that this may be a dial. var. of بُجْرٌ, with which it is syn.; because ل and ر are interchanged in many instances. (TA.) b2: A wonderful thing; syn. عَجَبٌ. (K.) b3: ذُو البَحَلِ denotes dispraise; meaning Content with mean things; not desirous of the means of acquiring eminence: (K:) or content that another should manage affairs in his stead, and that he should be a burden upon others, saying, Sufficient for me (حَسْبِى [or بَجَلِى]) is that [state or condition] wherein I am: (O, TA:) from a saying of Luk-mán Ibn-'Ád; (O, K;) as is also ذُو البَجْلَةِ, which denotes praise. (O, TA.) بَجْلَةٌ A goodly, or beautiful, from or appearance, figure, person, mien, or external state or condition: (Sh, K:) a pleasing aspect; goodliness, or beauty; grounds of pretension to respect; and excellence; or sharpness, or quickness, of intellect. (TA.) You say, إِنَّهُ لَذُو بَجْلَةٍ [Verily he has a goodly, or beautiful, form &c.]. (Sh, TA.) [See the end of the next preceding paragraph.] b2: A small tree: pl. بَجَلَاتٌ. (K.) بَجَالٌ and ↓ بَجِيلٌ, applied to a man, i. q. ↓ مُبَجَّلٌ [Magnified, honoured, revered, venerated, or respected]: (Sh, K:) or bulky, or corpulent; (As, S;) applied to a man; (As, TA;) or to an old man: (S:) or the former signifies an old, or aged, lord or chief: (AA, S:) or a bulky, or corpulent, old man: or, as some say, one beyond the middle age, in whom one sees goodliness of form or appearance, and advancement in years: (Mgh:) or both signify an old man, who is a great lord or chief, endowed with goodliness, and with excel-lence, or sharpness of intellect: (K:) not applied to a woman; (TA;) i. e., a woman is not termed بَجَالَةٌ. (Mgh.) بَجِيلٌ: see بَجَالٌ. b2: Also Gross, big, thick, coarse, or rough; applied to anything. (K.) b3: أَمْرٌ بَجِيلٌ An affair, an event, or a case, deemed strange, or evil, and great, or formidable. (TA.) خَيْرٌ بَجِيلٌ Ample, abundant, good or wealth or prosperity. (TA.) بَاجِلٌ Being in a good state or condition; having abundance of herbage, or of the goods or conveniences or comforts of life; (K;) applied to a man and to a camel: (TA:) or, as Yaakoob says, on the authority of Abu-l-Ghamr El-'Okeylee, having much fat; applied to a man and a she-camel and a he-camel. (S.) b2: Also Joyful, glad, or happy. (K.) أَبْجَلُ A certain vein, (S,) a thick vein, (K, Ham p. 417,) of the horse and of the camel, (S, TA,) in the thigh and the shank, (Ham ubi suprà,) or in the kind leg or the fore leg, (TA,) corresponding to the أَكْمَل (S, K) of man: (S:) pl. أَبَاجِلُ. (Ham ubi suprà, TA.) You say, فَصَدَ

أَبْجَلَهُ [He opened his ابجل]; i. e., the horse's or the camel's. (TA.) And one says of a swift horse, هُوَ وَاهِى الأَبَاجِلِ [He is lax in the اباجل]. (Ham ubi suprà.) مُبّجَّلٌ: see بَجَالٌ.

ودج

1 وَدَجَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (S,) inf. n. وَدْجٌ (L, K) and وِدَاجٌ; (L;) and ↓ ودّج, inf. n. تَوْدِيجٌ; (K;) but the latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He cut the vein called الوَدَج: (K:) he bled a beast by cutting the vein so called; ودج with reference to a beast, as the object of the act, being the same as فَصَدَ with reference to a man. (S.) b2: وَدَجَ, inf. n. وَدْجٌ (tropical:) He put to rights; put into a right or proper state; adjusted. (S, K.) وَدَجَ المَالَ He put the property into a right or proper state. (Msb.) وَدَجَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ He adjusted differences between the people, (S, Msb,) and put an end to evil. (TA.) 2 وَدَّجَ see 1.3 وادجهُ, inf. n. مُوَادَجَةٌ, (tropical:) He acted towards him with gentleness and good nature. (ISh, A.) وَدَجٌ, (S, K,) also written with kesreh, [app. وِدْجٌ, but perhaps وَدِجٌ,] (Msb,) and وِدَاجٌ, (S, K,) [A name given to each of the external jugular veins;] a certain vein in the neck; (S, K;) one of two veins, which are called the وَدَجَانِ: (T, S, &c.:) these are two veins extending from the head to the lungs; and the pl. is أَوْدَاجٌ: (M:) or two great veins on the right and left of the pit between the clavicles: (Msb, TA:) they are by the side of the وَرِيدَانِ, [here app. meaning the two carotid arteries,] and are of the number of the veins in which the blood [merely] runs, whereas the وريدان are for pulsation and for [the diffusion of] the soul, النفس [i. e النَّفْس, not النَّفَس; for, accord. to the Arabs, the animal soul (الرُّوحُ الحَيْوَانِىُّ, as is said in the KT,) diffuses itself throughout the body, from the heart, by means of the pulsing veins, or arteries]: (T, Msb, TA:) accord. to some, the ودج and وريد are the same; [meaning, that each of these names is applied to the external jugular vein:] (Msb:) or the اوداج are the veins which surround the windpipe: (TA:) or the ودج is the vein called the أَخْدَع, [elsewhere said to be a branch from the وريد, in the place where one is cupped,] which the slaughterer [of an animal] cuts through, thereby putting an end to life. (Msb.) b2: وَدَجَانِ (tropical:) Two brothers: (S, K:) two persons mutually attached; likened to the two veins so called. (A.) بِئْسَ وَدَجَا حَرْبٍ هُمَا Two evil brothers of war are they two. (S.) A2: وَدَجٌ (tropical:) A cause; a means whereby one attains to a thing; syn. سَبَبٌ and وَسِيلَةٌ; (K;) or, as in some lexicons, وُصْلَةٌ. (TA.) Ex. كَانَ فُلَانٌ وَدَجِى إِلَى كَذَا Such a one was my means of attaining to such a thing. (TA.)

صدر

1 صَدَرَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb, K) and صَدِرَ, (K,) inf. n. صَدْرٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and صُدُورٌ (A, TA) and مَصْدَرٌ (M, K) and مَزْدَرٌ because of the similarity [of the letters ص and ز], (M,) He returned, went back; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) and went, or turned, away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M, A,) and a country, (S, M,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) b2: Hence, صَدَرَ القَوْلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. صُدُورٌ, (assumed tropical:) [The saying issued, proceeded, or emanated, عَنْهُ from him.] (Msb.) [And صَدَرَ عَنْهُ الفِعْلُ, with the same aor. and inf. n., (assumed tropical:) The action proceeded from him.] b3: And صَدَرَ إِلَيْهِ He went to it; namely, a place: (TA:) he came to it. (Kull. p. 228.) A2: صَدَرَهُ: see 4.

A3: Also, (M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. صَدْرٌ, (M,) He hit, struck, or hurt, his صَدْر [i. e. breast]. (M, K.) You say, ضَرَبْتُهُ فَصَدَــرْتُهُ I struck him and hit his breast. (A.) b2: And صَدِرَ He had a complaint of the صَدْر [or chest]. (M, K.) [See its part. n., below.]2 صدّرهُ: see 4.

A2: صدّر بَعِيرَهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ, (TA,) He tied a cord from the girth of his camel to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on his breast: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, (L,) one says, صدّر عَنْ بَعِيرِهِ, (M, L,) and the meaning is, he tied a cord from the تَصْدِير [or breast-girth] to the part behind [or beyond] the callous lump on the breast of his camel, to keep the تصدير in its place, when it had become loose in consequence of the animal's having become lank in the belly: the cord above mentioned is called سِنَافٌ [q. v.]. (Lth, L.) b2: And صدّر عَلَى البَعِيرِ [app. He put the breast-girth upon the camel]: from التَّصْدِيرُ, i. e. “ the girth ” [thus called]. (MA.) b3: صُدِّرَ His (a horse's) breast became wetted with sweat. (S.) See 5. b4: صدّرهُ, (TA,) or صدّرهُ فِى المَجْلِسِ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He placed him, or seated him, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (TA.) And صُدِّرَ He was advanced, or promoted. (A.) b5: صدّر كِتَابَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) He put to his book, or writing, a صَدْر, (S, K, TA,) i. e. a title, or a commencement. (TA.) And صدّر كِتَابَهُ بِكَذَا (tropical:) [He commenced his book, or writing, with such a thing]. (A.) A3: See also 5, where it is expl. as intrans., in two places.3 مُصَادَرَةٌ signifies The returning, or going back, [app. with another, from water, &c.] (KL.) [The verb is probably trans., agreeably with general analogy, in all its senses; صادرهُ app. signifying primarily He returned, or went back, with him from water &c. b2: Ibr D thinks that it signifies also (assumed tropical:) He vied, or contended, with him for precedence, or priority.]

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The exacting a fine or the like [app. from another: or the suing, or prosecuting, another, for a debt &c.]. (KL.) You say, صادرهُ عَلَى كَذَا مِنَ المَالِ (S, * K, * TA) (assumed tropical:) He desired, or sought, to obtain from him; or he demanded of him; or he sued, or prosecuted, him for; such a sum, or such an amount, of property. (K, * TA.) b2: And صَادَرْتُهُ عَلَى كَذَ ا وَكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I released him from my reckoning with him on such and such terms agreed upon by both. (TA in art. فرق.) And صُودِرَ عَلَى مَالٍ يُؤَدِّيهِ (assumed tropical:) He (an agent) was released from being reckoned with (فُورِقَ) on the condition of his paying certain property for which he became responsible: a phrase of the registrars of accounts. (TA in the present art.) 4 اصدرهُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ صَدَرَهُ, (M, K,) and ↓ صدّرهُ, (K,) He caused him to return; sent him, or brought him, back, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or away; (Msb;) from (عَنْ) water, and a country [or place], (S,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair. (Lth.) You say, أَصْدَرْنَا رِكَابَنَا We sent, or brought, back our riding-camels satisfied with drink so that it was not necessary for us to remain with them for the sake of the water. (TA.) And أَوْرَدَهُ وَأَصْدَرَهُ He brought it and he took it away. (Har p.

361.) b2: [Hence,] أَوْرَدَ وَأَصْدَرَ (tropical:) He began and completed. (TA.) You say, إِذَا أَوْرَدَ أَمْرًا أَصْدَرَهُ (tropical:) When he begins a thing, or an affair, he completes it. (A.) And فُلَانٌ يُورِدُ وَلَا يُصْدِرُ (tropical:) Such a one begins and does not complete. (A.) b3: and اصدر القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) [He issued forth the saying; made it to issue, proceed, or emanate, عَنْهُ from him]. (Msb. [See 1.]) [And اصدر عَنْهُ الفِعْلَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, made the action to proceed from him.]5 تصدّر He [a man, TA) erected his chest in sitting. (M, K.) b2: (tropical:) He [a horse) outreached the other horses with his chest; (M, K, * TA;) as also ↓ صدّر, (S, * M, MA, K,) inf. n. تَصْدِيرٌ: the latter verb is afterwards expl. in the K as meaning بَرَزَ بِرَأْسِهِ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Tufeyl says, describing a horse, مِنْ عَرَقٍ ↓ كَأَنَّهُ بَعْدَ مَا صَدَّرْنَ سِيدٌ تَمَطَّرَ جِنْحَ اللَّيْلِ مَبْلُولُ

As though he were, after they had outreached with their chests, from a row of [other] horses, [a wolf that had exposed himself to rain during a portion of the night, and had become wetted:] but accord. to one relation, it is ↓ صُدِّرْنَ, meaning their breasts were wetted [مِنْ عَرَقٍ] by reason of sweat: the former reading, however is the better. (S.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) He sat, or became placed or seated, in the upper, or highest, part in the sitting-room, or sitting-place. (S, * K, * TA.) and He became advanced, or promoted. (A.) تصدّر لِأُمُورِ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) [He became advanced to the foremost place for the conducting of the affairs of the people]. (Har p. 194.) 6 تصادروا [app. They returned together from water, &c.]. (A. [This meaning seems to be there indicated by the context.]) b2: And one says, تصادروا عَلَى مَا شَاؤُوا (tropical:) [app. meaning They released one another from being reckoned with, by mutual agreement, on such terms as they would: see 3]. (A.) صَدْرٌ Anything that fronts, or faces, one. (M, K.) b2: And hence, (M,) The صَدْر [i. e. breast, or chest, or bosom,] of a man, [often meaning his mind,] (M, Msb, K,) and of other than man: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: (Lh, S, M, K:) pl. صُدُورٌ, (S, M, Msb,) the only pl. form. (M.) [See also صُدْرَةٌ.] As to the saying of the poet, (S, M,) El-Aashà, (S,) وَتَشْرَقُ بِالقَوْلِ الَّذِى قَدْ أَذَعْتُهُ كَمَا شَرِقَتْ صَدْرُ القَنَاةِ مِنَ الدَّمِ

[And thou becomest, or wilt become, red by reason of the saying that I have published, like as the fore part of the spear becomes red from blood], (S, * M,) he has made صدر fem. because the صدر of the قناة is a part of the قناة; for they [sometimes] make a noun fem. when it is prefixed to a fem. noun: (S:) or if you will, you may say that he has made صدر fem. because he meant [thereby] the قناة; and if you will, you may say that the صدر of a قناة is a قناة. (M.) [Hence,] بَنَاتُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) The spaces between the bones of the breast. (M, TA.) [And also] (assumed tropical:) Anxieties. (T in art. بنى.) And ذَاتُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) What is in the minds. (Ksh and Bd and Jel in iii. 115, &c.) and ضَاقَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom, or mind, became strait, or contracted. (Msb in art. ضيق. [See the Kur xv. 97 and xxvi. 12.]) And شَرَحَ بِالكُفْرِ صَدْرًا (assumed tropical:) He opened and dilated his bosom, meaning, was pleased, with infidelity. (Jel in xvi. 108.

[See also the similar phrases شَرَحَ اللّٰهُ صَدْرَهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ and لِقَبُولِ الخَيْرِ expl. in art. شرح.]) And اِنْشَرَحَ صَدْرُهُ (assumed tropical:) His bosom became dilated or enlarged [with joy]. (S in art. شرح.) And وَاسِعُ الصَّدْرِ and رَحِيبُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Ample, or dilated, in the breast, or bosom; [meaning free-minded; free from distress of mind; without care: and free from narrowness of mind; liberal, munificent, or generous.] (S and TA in art. رحب.) [and ضَيِّقُ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) Having the bosom, or mind, strait, or contracted.] And رَجُلٌ بَعِيدُ الصَّدْرِ (tropical:) A man who is not to be turned, or bent, or inclined. (M.) In the saying هَلْ يَسْتَطِيعُ مَنْ بِهِ صَدْرٌ إِلَّا

أَنْ يَنْفِثَ [meaning Is he who has the disease of the chest (دَآءُ الصَّدْرِ) able to do without spitting?], if it be correct, the prefixed noun [دآء] is suppressed. (Mgh.) [صَدْرُ الدَّجَاجَةِ, as said by Freytag, is the name of (assumed tropical:) The star γ of Cygnus.] b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The upper, or uppermost, part of the front of anything. (M, K.) [Hence,] صُدُورُ الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) The higher, or upper, parts, and fronts, or fore parts, of the valley; (M, K;) as also صَدَائِرُهُ, which is pl. of ↓ صَدَارَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ صِدَارَةٌ, (as in a copy of the M,) or ↓ صَادِرَةٌ, (as in the L,) or of ↓ صَدِيرَةٌ. (M, L, K.) And صَدْرُ المَجْلِسِ (assumed tropical:) The upper, or highest, part [or end] of the sitting-room, or sitting-place: (TA:) the elevated part thereof. (Msb.) b4: [(assumed tropical:) The fore part of anything. (assumed tropical:) The prow, or fore part, of a ship.] (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the foot, between the toes and the [protuberant part called the] حِمَارَة. (M.) (assumed tropical:) The fore part of the sandal, before the [hole through which is put the thong called the شِرَاك, i. e. the hole called the] خُرْت. (M.) (tropical:) The part of the arrow that is above the middle, as far as the مراش: (so in a copy of the A: [an evident mistranscription for رَأْس, i. e. head:]) or the part of the arrow that is beyond the middle, as far as the slender part, (S, M, Msb, K,) which is next the head; (M;) so called because it is the fore part when it is shot: (S, Msb, K:) and likewise of the spear [as in the verse cited above in this paragraph]. (M.) يَوْمٌ كَصَدْرِ الرُّمْحِ [lit. (assumed tropical:) A day like the fore part of the spear] means (assumed tropical:) a day of straitness and distress: accord. to Th, it is a day by which war, or battle, is peculiarly distinguished. (M, L.) b5: (assumed tropical:) The first, first part, or commencement, of anything; (S, M, K;) even (assumed tropical:) of the day, (M, Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) of the night, and (assumed tropical:) of the winter, and (assumed tropical:) of the summer, and (assumed tropical:) the like, (M,) and (tropical:) of an affair. (A. [See an ex. voce عَجُزٌ.]) (tropical:) The title of a book or writing: and the first part, or commencement, thereof. (TA.) [(assumed tropical:) The first foot of the first hemistich of a verse.] And The first hemistich (altogether) of a verse. (O voce عَجُزٌ.) [And (assumed tropical:) The first verse of a قَصِيدَة.] b6: صَدْرُ الطَّرِيقِ (assumed tropical:) The wide, or widening, part of the road. (Msb.) b7: صَدْرُ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) The head, or chief, of the people, or party; as also ↓ المَصْدَرُ. (TA.) And hence, صَدْرُ الصُّدُورِ (assumed tropical:) [The chief of the chiefs; a title applied to the prime minister of the king; and also to the chief judge; app., in the earlier times, to the former;] he who performs the onerous duties of the king, or of the state. (TA.) b8: And (assumed tropical:) A part, or portion, of a thing. (S, K.) صَدَرٌ a subst. signifying Return, (S, M, Msb, K,) from (عَنْ) water, (S, M,) and a country, (S,) or a place, (Msb,) and (assumed tropical:) any affair: (Lth:) as some say, from anything. (M.) Hence, طَوَافُ الصَّدَرِ, (K, TA, in the CK الصَّدْرِ,) i. e. The compassing of the Kaabeh on the occasion of the return of the pilgrims from ' Arafát. (TA.) [Hence also,] الصَّدَرُ The fourth day of the days of the sacrifice [performed by the pilgrims]: (M, K:) so called because the people then return from Mekkeh to their abodes. (M.) [And hence the saying,] تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ لَيْلَةِ الصَّدَرِ I left him as in the night preceding the fourth day of the days of the sacrifice: (A:) or [as in the night preceding the day] when the people return from their pilgrimage; (S;) meaning, (assumed tropical:) possessing nothing. (M.) A2: Also quasi-pl. n. of صَادِرٌ, q. v. (M, K.) صُدْرَةٌ The صَدْر [or breast] (M, K) of a man [or beast]: (TA:) or the prominent part of the upper portion thereof. (T, S, M, K.) b2: Hence, (S,) A certain garment [which covers the breast], (S, M,) well known: (K:) a short shirt: a short دِرْع: and the dim., ↓ صُدَيْرَةٌ, is applied to a short shirt which is worn next the body. (TA.) [In the present day, صُدَيْرِى, which is a corruption of the dim., is applied to A kind of waistcoat; a short vest without sleeves: and its pl. is صُدَيْرِيَات.] See also the next paragraph.

صِدَارٌ A certain garment, of which the head, or upper part, is like the مِقْنَعَة, [covering the head,] and the lower part of which covers the breast (M, K) and the shoulders: (M:) a woman in mourning for the death of her husband or relation used to wear a صدار of wool: (Az:) or i. q. ↓ صُدْرَةٌ [q. v.] and مِجْوَلٌ and أُصْدَةٌ: (IAar:) or a certain garment with which the head and breast are covered, worn by a woman in mourning for her husband: (A:) or a small shirt worn next the body: (S:) or a دِرْع worn next the breast: (As:) or i. q. إِتْبٌ [q. v.]. (T in art. اتب.) It is said in a prov., كُلُّ ذَاتِ صِدَارٍ خَالَةٌ [Every female having a صدار is as a maternal aunt]: i. e., it is incumbent on a man to be jealous for every woman like as he is jealous for his women under covert, or the females of his family whom he is under an obligation to respect and protect. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 310.]) b2: Also A certain mark made with a hot iron upon the breast of a camel. (S.) صَدَارَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Precedence, or priority. (TA.) b2: See also صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صِدَارَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صَدِيرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

صُدَيْرَةٌ dim. of صُدْرَةٌ, q. v. (TA.) صَادِرٌ Returning [from water, &c.]; going, or turning, back, or away: (TA:) quasi-pl. n.

↓ صَدَرٌ. (M, K.) b2: [Hence the saying,] مَا لَهُ صَادِرٌ وَلَا وَارِدٌ (tropical:) He has not anything: (M, K:) or he has not a thing nor a people. (Lh, M.) b3: And طَرِيقٌ صَادِرٌ (tropical:) A road, or way, by which people return from water: (S, M, A, K:) opposed to طَرِيقٌ وَارِدٌ. (M, A.) صَادِرَةٌ: see صَدْرٌ, near the middle of the paragraph.

أَصْدَرُ A man (M) having a large breast, or chest; (M, K, TA;) i. e. having the breast, or chest, or the upper part thereof, prominent; as also ↓ مُصَدَّرٌ. (TA.) A2: الأَصْدَرَانِ Two veins (M, K) that beat, or pulse, (M,) beneath the temples: (M, K:) or the two sides of a man: or the two shoulder-joints: (TA:) the word has no singular. (M.) [Hence the saying,] جَآءَ يَضْرِبُ أَصْدَرَيْهِ; (M, Meyd, K, TA;) and some say أَسْدَرَيْهِ [q. v.], (Meyd, TA,) and this is the original; (Meyd;) and some, أَزْدَرَيْهِ; (Meyd, TA;) a prov.; (M, Meyd, TA;) meaning He came beating [with his hand] his two sides, (TA,) or his two shoulderjoints: (Meyd, TA:) i. e. he came empty [-handed]; (M, Meyd, K, * TA;) not having accomplished the object of his desire: (Meyd:) or he came exulting, or behaving insolently, (Meyd, and Har p. 603,) not knowing where were his أَصْدَرَانِ: so accord. to Yoo: and some say, جَآءَ بَضْرِبُ بِأَصْدَرَيْهِ. (Har.) تَصْدِيرٌ [a subst. like تَذْرِيعٌ and تَنْبِيتٌ] The [fore-girth, i. e. breast-girth, or] girth that is upon the breast of the camel: (S, A: *) [the hind girth, or belly-girth,] that which is next the ثِيل, is called the حَقَب: (S:) or the girth of the camel's saddle (الرَّحْل), and of the [camel-vehicle called] هَوْدَج. (M.) مَصْدَرٌ A place of returning or going back, (S, TA,) or of going, or turning, away [from water, and from a country or place, and (assumed tropical:) from an affair or thing]. (TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) b2: [Hence, مَصْدَرُ أَمْرٍ (tropical:) The way of return from, or of completing, a thing or an affair: opposed to مَوْرِدُهُ.] One says, هُوَ يَعْرِفُ مَوَارِدَ الأُمُورِ وَمَصَادِرَهَا (tropical:) [He knows the ways of betaking himself to things or affairs, and the ways of withdrawing himself from them; or of commencing them and of completing them]. (A.) [See also another ex. in art. رحب, conj. 6.] b3: And hence [also], the مَصَادِر [pl. of مَصْدَر] of verbs: (S, TA:) مَصْدَرٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The root of a word, from which proceed the derivatives of verbs: (Lth, TA:) [in this sense it is a conventional term of grammar and lexicology, not belonging to the classical language; but on account of the importance of understanding its true application in lexicology, it is necessary to give here a full explanation of it: it is, agreeably with its etymology, the source (lit. place) of derivation, accord. to the grammarians of ElBasrah; and is what I term an infinitive noun: it is defined as] a noun signifying, by its original application, an accident as subsisting in, or proceeding from, an agent (as الفَرَحُ [“ the being joyful ”], الضَّرْبُ [“ the act of beating ”], and القُعُودُ [“ the act of sitting ”]), or affecting an object of action, (as الجُنُونُ [“ the being possessed by a jinnee ”]), conformable to its verb, so as to comprise all the letters in that verb, either literally (as in the instances above) or virtually (as in القِتَالُ [“ the act of fighting ”], which wants the ا that is before the ت in the verb, yet wants it as to the letter only, and not virtually, wherefore it is sometimes pronounced as if with the said letter, as in قَاتَلَ قِيتَالًا, but the ا is changed into ى on account of the kesr of the letter before it), or substituting another letter for any of those letters that it wants (as in العِدَةُ [“ the act of promising ”], which wants the و that is in its verb as to the letter and virtually, but has ة substituted for it [by way of compensation]): (from a comparison of definitions &c. in the Expos. of the “ Kitab Hodood en-Nahw ” by the author of the work thus entitled, arts. مصدر and اسم مصدر; the Expos. of the “ Shudhoor edh-Dhahab ” by the author of the work thus entitled, section on the nouns that govern as verbs; I' Ak; &c.:) but the grammarians of El-Koofeh hold that the verb is the root, and that the مصدر is derived from it: (I' Ak p. 148:) some مصادر, moreover, are derived from real (as opposed to ideal) substantives, as التَّحَجُّرُ [“ the becoming stone ”] from الحَجَرُ [“ stone ”]. (Kull p. 327.) The مصدر has the same government as its own verb: it is often, and may be at pleasure, used as an ideal subst. or abstract noun: and it is often employed in the place of an act. or a pass. part. n.: (Kull, &c.:) [when thus used as an epithet, it is employed alike as sing. and pl. and masc. and fem.:] accord. to Zj, every مصدر used as an epithet is for ذُو [or ذَات &c.] followed by the مصدر, and therefore it has no dual nor pl. [nor fem.] form. (TA voce حَرَضٌ.) [It has also other uses, which are expl. in the grammars. Used as a مَصْدَر, it is sometimes made fem.; as it is also when used in the sense of a noun that is properly fem.: see صَرْفٌ, third sentence.] b4: اِسْمُ مَصْدَرٍ, called by some اِسْمٌ لِلْمَصْدَرِ, is a term applied to [(assumed tropical:) A quasi-infinitive noun; i. e.] a noun which is not a مصدر, but which is occasionally used in the place of a مصدر; like as a مصدر is used in the place of an act. part. n., and in that of a pass. part. n.: such as الوُضُوْءُ for التَّوَضُّؤُ [“ the performing of the ablution preparatory to prayer ”], and الغُسْلُ for الاِغْتِسَالُ [“ the washing of oneself ”]; each of which wants somewhat that is in its verb without substituting anything for that which is wanting. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb el-Hodood,” cited above.) This kind of noun the grammarians of El-Koofeh and Baghdád allow to govern as a مصدر; but the grammarians of ElBasrah hold that the noun governed in the accus. case in each of the exs. adduced by the former as confirmatory of their opinion is so governed by a verb understood. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,”

ubi suprà.) It is also applied to A proper name signifying an accident [or attribute]; as فَجَارِ and حَمَادِ, proper names, by original application, for الفَجْرَةُ and المَحْمَدَةُ [“ vice ” and “ praise ”] and the like: and this kind does not govern as a مصدر. (Expos. of the “ Kitáb Hodood enNahw,” ubi suprà; and Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) It is also applied to [what is more properly termed اِسْمٌ لِلْمَعْنَى الحَاصِلِ بِالمَصْدَرِ, by some termed simply حَاصِلٌ بِالمَصْدَرِ, i. e. An ideal substantive, or abstract noun;] a noun applied to signify an accident [or attribute] considered abstractedly [such as صَدَرٌ signifying

“ return; ” and this kind is commonly termed in the lexicons simply an اِسْم as distinguished from a مصدر]. (Kull p. 327.) Some apply it also to what is [properly] termed مَصْدَرٌ مِيمِىٌّ [i. e. A مصدر commencing with an augmentative م], if not of the measure مُفَاعَلَةٌ: but such is really a مَصْدَر. (Expos. of the “ Shudhoor,” ubi suprà.) And some of the grammarians [and of the lexicographers likewise] apply it to A noun that signifies the instrument [or means] with [or by] which the action signified by a مصدر is performed: as الأُكْلُ [“ food,” as being “ that by means of which the act of eating (الأَكْلُ) is performed ”]. (Kull, ubi suprà.) b5: See also صَدْرٌ, last sentence but two.

مُصْدِرٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v. b2: ] (tropical:) A man who completes things or affairs. (A.) A2: and One of the names of the month جُمَادَى الأُولَى: (M, K:) [ISd says,] I think it to be of the dial. of [the tribe of] 'Ad. (M.) مَصْدَرَةُ القَوْمِ (tropical:) Those who are made to have the precedence, or priority, of the people, or party. (A, TA.) مَصْدَرِىٌّ, as a grammatical term, Of, or relating to, the مَصْدَر. See the particles أَنْ and كَىْ &c.]

مُصَدَّرٌ A man (M) strong in the chest; (S, M, K;) and in like manner a lion, (M, A,) and a wolf: (M:) and the lion; (S, K;) and the wolf; (K;) because they are strong in the chest. (TA.) b2: See also أَصْدَرُ. b3: A horse to whose breast the sweat has reached. (M, K.) b4: A horse, and a sheep or goat, white in the upper part (لَبَّة) of the breast: (M, K:) or (with ة, A) a ewe having a black breast, (M, A, K,) the rest of her being white. (M.) b5: (tropical:) A horse that outreaches others (IAar, M, A, K) with his breast: (TA:) IAar does not mention the breast. (M, TA.) [Accord. to rule, this should be مُصَدِّرٌ, as is shown by a verse cited above: see 5.] b6: (tropical:) An arrow thick in the part called the صَدْر. (M, A, K.) b7: And المُصَدَّرُ is a name applied to (assumed tropical:) The first of the arrows termed غُفْل, (M, K,) which have no notches, and to which is assigned no portion [and no fine, in the game called المَيْسِر]; these being added only to give additional weight to the collection of arrows from a dislike of suspicion [of foul play]. (Lh, M. [See السَّفِيحُ and المَنِيحُ.]) مَصْدُورٌ A man (A &c.) having a complaint of the chest. (S, A, Mgh, Msb.) 'Obeyd-Allah Ibn-'Abd-Allah Ibn-'Otbeh, on its being said to him, How long wilt thou utter this poetry? replied, لَا بُدَّ لِلْمَصْدُورِ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْعُلَا To him who has a complaint of the chest, there is no avoiding coughing. (TA. [See also نَفَثَ.]) b2: It is also often used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Grieved, afflicted, or vexed. (TA in art. نفث.)

جلب

1 جَلَبَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَلْبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جَلَبٌ, (S, K,) He drove, (A, K,) or brought, conveyed, or transported, (Mgh,) a thing, (S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K, *) or things, such as camels, sheep, goats, horses, captives, or slaves, or any merchandise, (TA,) from one place to another, (A, K,) or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as also ↓ اجتلب, (A, K, KL,) and ↓ استجلب. (KL.) And جَلَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ إِلَي نَفْسِى and ↓ اِجْتَلَبْتُهُ signify the same; (S;) i. e. (assumed tropical:) I brought, drew, attracted, or procured, the thing to myself. (PS.) [Hence,] ذَا مِمَّا يَجْلِبُ الإِخْوَانَ (tropical:) [This is of the things that bring, draw, attract, or procure, brothers, or friends]. (A, TA.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ جَلَبَتُهُ جَوَالِبُ (tropical:) [The calamities of time, or of fortune, or of fate, brought, drew, or attracted, him, or it]. (A, TA.) [Hence also, accord. to some,] لَا جَلَبَ وَ لَا جَنَبَ, a trad., explained as meaning, The owner of cattle shall not be required to drive them, or bring them, to the town, or country, in order that the collector may take from them the portion appointed for the poor-rate, but this shall be taken at the waters; and when the cattle are in the yards, they shall be left therein, and not brought forth to the place of pasture, for the collector to take that portion: or, as some say, ولا جنب means, nor shall one have a horse led by his side, in a race, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may tranfser himself to it, and so outstrip his fellow: and other explanations have been given: (Msb:) [accord. to some,] لا جلب here means, they shall not drive, or bring, their cattle to the collector of the portions appointed for the poor-rate in the place where he alights, but he shall himself come to their yards and take those portions: or [جلب here is from the verb جَلَبَ in a sense which will be explained below, and] the trad. relates to horse-racing, and means, one shall not cause his horse to be followed by a man crying out at it and chiding it; nor shall he have a horse without a rider led by his own horse, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may transfer himself to it, and outstrip upon it: (Mgh:) or الجَلَبُ, which is forbidden, means the collector's not coming to the people at their waters to take the portions appointed for the poor-rate, but ordering them to drive, or bring, their cattle to him: or it relates to contending for a stake, or wager, and means the mounting a man upon one's horse, and, when he has drawn near to the goal, following his horse and crying out at it, in order that it may outstrip; which is a kind of fraud: (S:) or it is used in both these cases: (A 'Obeyd: [his explanations are virtually the same as those in the S:]) or the meaning of the trad. [so far as the former clause of it is concerned] is, that the contributions to the poor-rate shall not be driven, or brought, to the waters nor to the great towns, but shall be given in their places of pasture: or it means, [or rather الجلب means,] the collector's alighting in a place, and then sending a person, or persons, to drive, or bring, to him the cattle from their places, that he may take the portion thereof appointed for the poor-rate: or it [relates to horse-racing, and] means the sending forth a horse in the racecourse, and a number of persons' congregating, and crying out at it, in order that it may be turned from its course: or a man's following his horse, and spurring on behind it, and chiding it, and crying out at it: (K, TA:) or the shaking a thing behind a horse that is backward in a race, that it may be urged on thereby, and outstrip: or one's riding a horse, and leading behind him another, to urge it on, in contending for a stake, or wager: or the crying out at a horse from behind, and urging it to outstrip. (TA. See also 1 in art. جنب.) b2: جَلَبَ لأَهْلِهِ He gained or earned; sought or sought after or sought to gain [provisions &c.; generally meaning he purveyed]; and exercised art or cunning or skill, in the management of his affairs; for his family; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A2: جَلَبُوا, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (K,) [inf. n. جَلَبٌ, and perhaps جَلَبَةٌ also;] and ↓ جلّبوا; (S, K;) and ↓ اجلبوا, (K,) inf. n. إِجْلَابٌ; (Mgh;) [the second of which is the most common;] They raised cries, shouts, noises, a clamour, (S, Mgh, TA,) or confused cries or shouts or noises. (Mgh, K. *) And جَلَبَ عَلَي فَرَسِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. جَلَبٌ, (S,) or جَلْبٌ, (Msb,) He chid, or urged on, his horse; as also ↓ جلّب and ↓ اجلب; (K;) the first, rare; the second and third, usual: (TA:) he cried out at his horse, (S, K,) from behind him, and urged him to outstrip [in a race], (S,) aor. ـُ and جَلِبَ; (K; but this explanation is erased in the copy of the K in its author's handwriting, as being a repetition; and rightly, accord. to MF; though this requires consideration; TA;) as also ↓ اجلب: (S:) he urged his horse to run, by striking, or goading, or by crying out, or the like; as also ↓ اجلب: or, as some say, he led behind his horse that he was riding another horse to urge on the former, in contending [in a race] for a stake, or wager; as is shown in an explanation of the tradition cited above, لَا جَلَبَ وَلَا جَنَبَ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xvii. 66], عَلَيْهِمْ بِخَيْلِكَ وَرَجْلِكَ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ And raise thou confused cries against them, (Mgh,) or cry out against them, with thy forces riding and on foot.(Bd. But see another explanation in what follows.) And it is said in a wellknown prov., جَلَبَتْ جَلْبَةً ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَتْ It, i. e. a cloud (سَحَابَة), thundered, then refrained from raining: applied to a coward, who threatens, and then is silent: but accord. to some, it is with ح in the place of ج (MF. See art. حلب.) b2: [Hence,] جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ; and ↓ اجلب; He threatened with evil; (K, TA;) followed by an accus. (TA) [or, app., by عَلَى before the object]: or (so in the TA, but in some copies of the K “ and,”) he collected a company, a troop, or an army. (K, TA.) [It is said that] عَلَيْهِمْ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ, in the Kur [xvii. 66], means And collect thou against them [thy forces], and threaten them with evil. (TA. But see another explanation above.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ اجلبو signifies also They collected themselves together against him, (S, K, *) and aided one another; like احلبوا. (S.) b3: جَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَلْبٌ, He committed a crime against him; or an offence for which he should be punished. (K, * TA.) A3: جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, K,) It (a wound) healed: (K:) or it (an ulcer, As, or a wound, S) became covered with a skin in healing: (As, S:) as also ↓ اجلب. (S, L.) b2: And It (blood) dried; became dry; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A4: جَلِبَ, aor. ـَ It [app. a company or troop] assembled, or became collected together. (K.) 2 جَلَّبَ see 1, in two places.

A2: The inf. n. تَجْلِيبٌ also signifies The act of bringing together: or collecting. (KL.) 3 جَاْلَبَ [جالب is explained by Golius, as on the authority of the KL, as meaning He helped, or assisted: but this is a mistake for حالب; for I find مُحَالَبَةٌ explained by يارى كردن in a copy of the KL, and the order of the words there shows that it is not a mistranscriptiou for مجالبة.]4 اجلب: see 1, in eleven places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: Also His camels brought forth males; (S, K;) because the males that they produce are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; opposed to احلب “ his camels brought forth females: ” (S:) and his camel brought forth a male. (TA.) أَجْلَبْتَ وَلَا أَحْلَبْتَ May thy camels bring forth males, and may they not bring forth females, is a form of imprecation against a man, implying a wish that he may lose the milk [that he would have otherwise]. (TA.) A3: He aided, helped, or assisted, another. (S, K.) [So, too, احلب.]

A4: He put an amulet into a جُلْبَة [which must therefore signify the piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed, as well as an amulet enclosed in a piece of skin: see مُجْلِبٌ]. (K.) b2: اجلب قَتَبَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِجْلابٌ, (T,) He covered his قتب [or camel's saddle] (S, K) with a جُلْبَة, i. e., (S,) with a piece of fresh, moist skin, which he left upon it until it became dry [and tight]: (S, K: *) or he covered the head of his قتب with a piece of kid's, or lamb's, skin, and left it to dry upon it. (T.) 5 تَجَلَّبَ [تجلّب rendered by Golius Clamorem ac murmur excitavit, as on the authority of the K, I do not find in that lexicon nor in any other.]7 انجلب It [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] was driven [or brought] from one place to another [or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic]. (K.) 8 اجتلب: see 1, first and second sentences. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a poet) took, or borrowed, from the poetry of another. (TA.) b3: And He sought or demanded [a thing]. (Har p. 44.) 10 استجلبهُ He sought, or demanded, or desired, that it [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] should be driven [or brought] from one place to another [in which he was, or from one country or town to another, for sale]. (K.) b2: See also 1, first sentence. R. Q. 1 جَلْبَبَهُ, (K,) or جلببهُ جِلْبَابًا, (TA,) inf. n. جَلْبَبَةٌ, the second ب not being incorporated into the first because the word is quasi-coordinate to the class of دَحْرَجَةٌ, (S,) He put on him a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب. (S, K.) Accord. to Kh, the first ب in جلبب is [augmentative] like the و in جَهْوَرَ and دَهْوَرَ: accord. to Yoo, the second is [augmentative] like the ى in سَلْقَى and جَعْبَى. (IJ, TA.) R. Q. 2 تَجَلْبَبَ, (K,) and تَجَلْبَبَتْ, (A, Msb,) He, and she, put on a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب; or clad himself, and herself, therewith. (A, Msb, K.) And تجلبب بِثَوْبَهَ He covered himself with his garment. (Har p. 162.) جُلْبٌ: see جِلْبٌ b2: Also The blackness of night; (K, TA;) and so ↓ جِلْبَابٌ. (Har p. 480. [The latter evidently tropical in this sense, and perhaps the former also.]) جِلْبٌ (S, K) and ↓ جُلْبٌ (S, L) A camel's saddle of the kind called رَحْل, with what it contains, or comprises: (K:) or its cover: (Th, K:) or its pieces of wood: (S:) or its curved pieces of wood: (TA:) or its wood, without [the thongs called] أَنْسَاع and other apparatus. (K, TA.) A2: Also, both words, Clouds, (K,) or thin clouds, (S,) in which is no water: (S, K:) or clouds appearing, or extending sideways, (مُعْتَرِضٌ,) [in the horizon,] like a mountain [or mountainrange]: (K, TA:) or a cloud like that which is termed عَارِضٌ [q. v.], but narrower, and more distant, and inclining to blackness: (Az, TA in art. عرض:) pl. أَجْلَابٌ. (TA.) [See also جُلْبَةٌ.]

جَلَبٌ A thing, or things, driven, or brought, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) from one country or town to another, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or from one place to another, (A, K,) for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as horses, &c., (K,) camels, (TA,) sheep or goats, captives or slaves, (Lth, TA,) or any merchandise: (TA:) and so ↓جَلَبَةٌ, thus in the handwriting of the author of the K in his last copy of that work, and mentioned by more than one, (MF, [who adds that it is correct, but SM thinks it a mistake,]) and ↓ جَلِيبَةٌ and ↓ جُلُوبَةٌ: (K:) [see this last, below:] pl. [of the first]

أَجْلَابٌ. (K.) Hence the prov., النُّفَاضُ يُقَطِّرُ الجَلَبَ The failure of provisions causes the camels, driven, or brought, from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale. (TA.) b2: [And, app., Male camels; like جَلُوبَةٌ; because they are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; (see 4;) opposed to حَلَبٌ, q. v.] b3: Also Persons who drive, or bring, camels and sheep or goats [&c.] from one place or country or town to another, for sale; and so [its pl.]

أَجْلَابٌ. (S.) [In the present day, ↓ جَلَّابٌ signifies One who brings slaves from foreign countries, particularly from African countries, for sale.]

A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ جَلَبَةٌ, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) [the former an inf. n., and so, perhaps, the latter, but often used as simple substs., the latter more commonly, meaning] Cries, shouts, noises, or clamour: (S, TA:) or a confusion, or mixture, (A, Mgh, K,) of cries or shouts or noises, (A, Mgh,) or of crying or shouting or noise. (K.) b2: And the former, An assembly of men. (TA.) جُلْبَةٌ The small piece of skin, (S,) or the crust, or scab, (A, K,) that forms over a wound (S, A, K) when it heals: (S, K:) pl. جُلَبٌ. (A.) b2: A piece of skin that is put upon the [kind of camel's saddle called] قَتَب. (S, K.) [See 4.] b3: [A piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed: see 4.] b4: An amulet upon which is sewed a piece of skin: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b5: A detached portion of cloud: (K:) [or] a cloud covering the sky. (IAar, TA.) [See also جِلْبٌ.] b6: A piece of land differing from that which adjoins it; a patch of ground; syn. بُقْعَةٌ. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَفِى جُلْبَةِ صِدْقٍ i. e. فى بُقْعَةِ صِدْقٍ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is in a good station or position: see art. بقع]. (TA.) b7: A detached portion of herbage or pasture. (K, * TA.) A2: Also Severity, or pressure, of time or fortune; (S, K;) like كُلْبَةٌ: (S:) and hunger: (so in some copies of the K:) or vehemence of hunger: (so in other copies of the K:) or severity; adversity; difficulty; trouble: (TA:) and a hard, distressful, or calamitous, year. (K.) جَلَبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ, in two places.

جِلِبَّاتٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ جِلْبَابٌ; (K;) the latter mentioned as an ex. of form by Sb, and thought by Seer to be syn. with the former, but not explained by any one except the author of the K; masc. and fem.; (TA;) A [woman's outer wrapping garment called] مِلْحَفَة: (S:) or this is its primary signification; but it is metaphorically applied to other kinds of garments: (El-Khafájee, TA:) or a shirt, (K, TA,) absolutely: or one that envelopes the whole body: (TA:) and a wide garment for a woman, less than the ملحفة: or one with which a woman covers over her other garments, like the ملحفة: or the [kind of head-covering called], خِمَار: (K:) so in the M: (TA:) or a garment wider than the خمار, but less than the رِدَآء (Mgh, L, Msb,) with which a woman covers her head and bosom: (L:) or a garment shorter, but wider, than the خمار; the same as the مِقْنَعَة: (En-Nadr, TA:) or a woman's head-covering: (TA:) or the [kind of wrapper called] إِزَار: (IAar, TA:) or a garment with which the person is entirely enveloped, so that not even a hand is left exposed, (Har p. 162, and TA,) of the kind called مُلَآءَة, worn by a woman: (TA:) or a garment, or other thing, that one uses as a covering: (IF, Msb:) pl. جَلَابِيبُ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also جُلْبٌ. b3: (assumed tropical:) Dominion, sovereignty, or rule [with which a person is invested]. (K.) جُلْبَانٌ and جُلَبَانٌ: see جُلُبَّانٌ, in three places.

جِلِبَّابٌ: see جِلْبَابٌ.

جَلَبَّانٌ: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

جُلُبَّانٌ, (K, TA, in the CK جُلَّبان, and so in the TA in art. خرف,) and without teshdeed, (K,) [i. e.] ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (S, Msb,) and, accord. to some, ↓ جُلَبَانٌ also, (Msb,) not heard by AHn from the Arabs of the desert but with teshdeed, though many others pronounce it without tesh-deed, and pronounced in the latter manner, he says, it may be a dial. var.; (TA;) [a coll. gen. n.;] A certain plant; (K;) or a certain grain, or seed, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ [i. e. pulse]; (Msb;) the [grain, or seed, called] خُلَّر, which is a thing resembling the مَاش: (S:) or a dust-coloured, dusky hind of grain or seed, which is cooked; of the colour of the ماش, except in its being of a more dusky shade; but larger: (T, TA:) a certain kind of grain or seed, resembling the ماش, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ, well known: (TA:) [a common kind of vetch, or pea, the common lathyrus, or blue chickling vetch, the lathyrus sativus of Linn., is called in Upper Egypt, and by some of the people of Lower Egypt also, جِلْبَان:] n. un. with ة. (TA.) A2: Also the first, (K,) and ↓ ة, (TA,) and ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (MF, on the authority of Ibn-ElJowzee,) [like جُرُبَّانٌ and جُرْبَانٌ or جِرْبَانٌ,] A thing like a جِرَاب [or sword-case], of skin, or leather, (K, TA,) in which is put the sword sheathed, and in which the rider puts his whip and implements &c., and which he hangs upon the آخِرَة or the وَاسِط [see these two words] of the camel's saddle; derived from جُلْبَةٌ meaning “ a piece of skin that is put upon a قَتَب: ” (TA:) or the case (قِرَاب) of the sword-sheath, or scabbard: (K:) or جلبّانُ السِّلاحِ, occurring in a trad., signifies the case (قراب) with its contents: or the sword and bow and the like, which require some trouble to draw forth and use in fight; not such a weapon as the lance. (L, TA.) A3: Also the first, and ↓ جَلَبَّانٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ جِلِبَّانٌ, (so in the CK,) A clamorous man; or one who makes a confused crying or shouting or noise. (K, TA.) جِلِبَّانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

جُلُبَّانَةٌ and جِلِبَّانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جُلُبْنَانَةٌ and جِلِبْنَانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جَلِيبٌ, applied to a male slave, (A, Mgh, K,) One who is brought from one place or country or town to another [for sale]: (S, K:) or one who is brought to the country of the Muslims [for sale]: (Mgh:) pl. جَلْبَى and جُلَبآءُ. (K.) It is also applied [in like manner] to a woman: pl. جَلْبَى and جَلَائِبُ. (Lh, K.) جَلُوبَةٌ A thing that is driven or brought from one place or country or town to another for sale; (T, S, TA;) such as an aged she-camel, and a he-camel, and a young she-camel such as is called قَلُوص, and any other thing; but not applied to stallion-camels of generous race, that are used for procreation: pl. جَلَائِبُ: or the pl. signifies camels that are brought to a man sojourning at a water, who has not means of carriage; wherefore they put him [and his companions or goods &c.] thereon: (TA:) or جلوبة signifies male camels: [see also جَلَبٌ:] or camels that are laden with the goods or utensils &c. of the people: and it is used alike as pl. and sing. (K.) See جَلَبٌ, with which it is syn. (K.) جَلِيبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) An affected habit or disposition. (Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed, MF.) جَلَّابٌ: see جَلَبٌ.

جُلَّابٌ Rose-water: an arabicized word, (K,) from the Persian [گُلْ آبْ]. (TA.) جَلَّابَةٌ and ↓ مُجَلِّبَةٌ and ↓ جِلِبَّانَةٌ (K, TA) and ↓ جُلُبَّانَةٌ (CK) and ↓ جِلِبْنَانَةٌ and ↓ جُلُبْنَانَةٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a woman, Clamorous, noisy, very loquacious or garrulous, and of evil disposition: (K, TA:) or جلبّانة signifies, thus applied, rude and coarse: (TA:) the ل in this word is not a substitute for the ر in جِرِبَّانَةٌ [which has a similar meaning]: for it is from الجَلَبَةُ. (IJ, TA.) جَالِبٌ (A) and ↓ جَالِبَةٌ (L) and ↓ مَجْلَبَةٌ (Har p. 194 &c.) [all signify] (assumed tropical:) A cause of bringing or drawing or attracting or procuring of a thing: (Har p. 194, in explanation of the last:) thus مَجْلَبَةُ الدَّمْعِ means (assumed tropical:) the cause of drawing tears: (1d p. 15:) pl. of the second, جَوَالِبُ; as in the phrase جَوَالِبُ القَدَرِ (assumed tropical:) [the drawing, or procuring, causes of destiny]: (L, TA:) pl. of the third, مَجَالِبُ. (Har p. 430.) You say, لِكُلِّ قَضَآءٍ جَالِبٌ وَلِكُلِّ دَرٍّ حَالِبٌ (tropical:) [For every decree of fate there is a drawing, or procuring, cause; and for every flow of milk there is a milker]. (A, TA.) and [hence] the pl. جَوَالِبُ signifies (assumed tropical:) Calamities, misfortunes, evil accidents, adversities, or difficulties. (TA.) See an ex. in the first paragraph, near the beginning. b2: قُرُوحٌ جَوَالِبُ and جُلَّبٌ Wounds, or ulcers, healing, or becoming covered with skin in healing. (As, TA.) جَالِبَةٌ: see the paragraph next preceding.

مُجْلِبٌ A person who puts an amulet into a case of skin: after which it is sewed upon [the headstall, or some other part of the trappings, of] a horse. (TA.) مَجْلَبَةٌ: see جَالِبٌ.

مُجَلِّبٌ, applied to thunder, (K,) and to rain, (TA,) Boisterous. (K, TA.) b2: مُجَلِّبَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

يَنْجَلِبٌ A خَزَرَة [i. e. bead, or gem, or similar stone] (T, K, TA) used by the Arabs of the desert, (T, TA,) [or by the women of the desert, as a charm,] for captivating, or fascinating, men; (K, * TA;) or for bringing back after flight; (T, K;) or for procuring affection after hatred: (T, TA:) Az mentions it as a quadriliteral-radical word. (TA.) The Arab women used to say, فَلَا يَرُمْ وَلَا يَغِبْ أَخَّذْتُهُ بِاليَنْجَلِبْ وَلَا يَزِلْ عِنْدَ الطَّنَبْ [I have fascinated him with the yenjelib, and he shall not seek another, nor absent himself, nor cease to remain at the tent-rope]. (Lh, TA.)

عهد

1 عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. عَهْدٌ, (TA,) He enjoined, charged, bade, ordered, or commanded, him; (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also مِنْهُ ↓ استعهد. (A.) One says, عَهِدْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِالأَمْرِ I enjoined him, or charged him, &c., to do the thing. (Msb.) And it is said in the Kur [xxxvi. 60], أَلَمْ أَعْهَدْ إِلَيْكُمْ يَا بَنِى آدَمَ أَنْ لَا تَعْبُدُوا الشَّيْطَانَ [Did I not enjoin you, or charge you, &c., O sons of Adam, that ye should not serve the Devil? or, saying, Serve not ye the Devil?]. (O, Msb.) [And in the same, ii. 119, وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَى إِبْرٰهِيمَ وَإِسْمٰعِيلَ أَنْ طَهِّرَا بَيْتِى And we enjoined, or charged, &c., Abraham and Ishmael, saying, Purify ye my house.] And one says also, عَهِدَ إِلَيْه فِيهِ, meaning تَقَدَّمَ [i. e. He enjoined him, or charged him, &c., respecting it, or to do it]. (TK.) And He obliged him to do it. (L in art. عقد.) b2: Also He imposed a condition, or conditions, upon him; (A;) and so مِنْهُ ↓ استعهد: (A, K:) which latter signifies (O, K) also (K) he wrote a statement of a compact, covenant, confederacy, or league, as binding upon him. (O, K.) b3: And He made a compact, contract, covenant, or the like, with him; or a promise to him. (MA.) [See also 3.] b4: And عَهِدَ إِلَىَّ فُلَانٌ فِى

كَذَا Such a one was, or became, or made himself, responsible, answerable, accountable, amenable, surety, or guarantee, to me, for, or in respect of, such a thing. (TK.) A2: عَهِدَ وَعْدَهُ, inf. n. عَهْدٌ, He fulfilled his promise. (TK.) b2: And عَهِدَ الحُرْمَةَ, inf. n. as above, He was mindful, regardful, or observant, of that which should be sacred, or inviolable; or of that which was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence. (TK.) A3: عَهِدَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. عَهْدٌ, (Msb, K,) He met, or met with, him, or it, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, *) بِمَكَانِ كَذَا in such a place. (S, Mgh, Msb.) [See also عَهْدٌ below.] b2: And He knew, or was acquainted with, him, or it, (Msb, K, * TA,) عَلَى حَالٍ in a state, or condition, or فِى مَكَانٍ in a place. (TA.) And عُهِدَ He, or it, was known. (S, O.) One says, الأَمْرُ كَمَا عَهِدْتَ The affair, or case, was as thou knewest. (Msb.) And the saying of Umm-Zara, وَلَا يَسْأَلُ عَمَّا عَهِدَ (O, TA,) means Nor used he to ask respecting that which he saw, (O,) or that which he knew, (TA,) in the tent, or house, by reason of his liberality. (O, TA.) [See, again, عَهْدٌ below.]

A4: عُهِدَتِ الأَرْضُ, (S,) or الرَّوْضَةُ, (A,) The land, or the meadow, was rained upon (S, A) by the rain called عَهْدَة [or عَهْد]: (A:) and عُهِدَ المَكَانُ [in the CK بالمَكَانِ] the place was rained upon by the rain called عهْد, i. e. the first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ: (K:) or was altogether rained upon. (TA.) 3 مُعَاهَدَةٌ is between two persons; (O;) signifying The uniting with another in a compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, (Msb,) عَلَى

كَذَا [respecting, or to do, such a thing]. (MA.) You say, يُعَاهِدُكَ وَتُعَاهِدُهُ [He makes a compact, &c., with thee, and thou makest a compact, &c., with him]. (S, O.) [See also عَهِدَ إِلَيْهِ.] b2: and عاهدهُ He swore to him. (K in this art., and Mgh in art. وثق.) A2: See also 5.4 أَنَا أُعْهِدُكَ مِنْ إِبَاقِهِ, (ISh, O, K,) inf. n.إِعْهَادٌ, (K,) I hold thee clear of responsibility for his running away: (ISh, O, K, TA:) said by one who has purchased a slave. (TA.) And in like manner, أَنَا أُعْهِدُكَ مِنْ هَذٰا الأَمْرِ I hold thee, or make thee, secure from this thing. (TA.) Hence the term ↓ عُهْدَةٌ. (TA.) And the latter phrase signifies [also] I am responsible for thy security from this thing. (ISh, O, K.) 5 تعهّدهُ He renewed his acquaintance with it, or his knowledge of it; (S, O, L, Msb, K;) this is the proper signification; (Msb;) as also ↓ اعتهدهُ; (O, * L, K;) and ↓ تعاهدهُ; (L, K;) and ↓ عاهدهُ, inf. n. مُعَاهَدَةٌ: (L:) and he sought it, or sought for it or after it, it being absent from him; syn. تَفَقَّدَهُ; as also ↓ تعاهدهُ, and ↓ اعتهده: (K:) or تعهّدهُ and تفقّدهُ are used, by some, each in the place of the other; but accord. to Er-Rághib and many others, the former signifies he sought, or sought leisurely or repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of it, having known of it before; and the latter, he sought, or sought leisurely or repeatedly, to obtain knowledge of it, having lost it: (MF in art. فقد:) or تعهّدهُ signifies he renewed his acquaintance with it, or his knowledge of it, and sought, or sought leisurely or repeatedly, to find means of rectifying it, reforming it, or putting it into a good or right or proper state: (IDrst, TA:) or he came to it, and rectified it, reformed it, or put it into a good or right or proper state: (Mgh:) or as first expl. above, and also he returned to it time after time, or went frequently to it, and rectified it, reformed it, or put it into a good or right or proper state: (Msb:) or, simply, [as also ↓ تعاهدهُ,] he returned, or recurred, to it time after time, [see an instance voce أَخْرَقُ,] or went frequently to it: (Et-Tedmuree, TA:) and also [i. e. both signify also he paid repeated, or frequent, attention to it; or] he was careful, or mindful, of it; or attentive to it. (S, O, Msb. *) One says also, تَعَهَّدْتُ فُلَانًا [I renewed my acquaintance with such a one; repaired, or betook myself, to him frequently; paid frequent attention to him; or simply paid attention to him]. (S, O.) And تَعَهَّدْتُ ضَيْعَتِى, (S, O, Mgh,) properly signifying I renewed my acquaintance with, or my knowledge of, my estate, is used as meaning I came to my estate, and put it into a good or right or proper condition: (Mgh:) [or I paid repeated, or frequent, or much, attention to it, taking good and effectual care of it; I husbanded it well:] or, accord. to IDrst, the verb here has the meaning given above on his authority: or, accord. to Ed-Tedmuree, the meaning is that given above as his explanation; and is from عَهْدٌ as signifying “ rain that falls after other rain,” or from the same word as signifying “ a place of abode in which one has known a thing: ” (TA:) and one may say also ↓ تَعَاهَدْتُ; (Fr, ISk, Mgh;) but تَعَهَّدْتُ is more chaste, (El-Fá- rábee, S, O, Msb,) because ↓ تَعَاهُدٌ is only between two [or more]: (S, O:) or تعاهدت is not allowable, (Az, AHát, Th, IF, Msb,) for the reason just mentioned: (IF, Msb:) Az says that six Arabs of the desert, of chaste speech, being asked in the presence of himself and of Yoo, one after another, whether they said تعهّدت ضيعتى or ↓ تعاهدت, all answered, تعهّدت. (AHát, TA.) One also says, of a man, يَتَعَهَّدُهُ صَرْعٌ [Epilepsy befalls him repeatedly, or time after time]. (S, O.) 6 تعاهدوا They united in a compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, or an engagement, [عَلَى كَذَا respecting, or to do, such a thing;] syn. تَعَاقَدُوا, (S and K in art. عقد,) and تَحَالَفُوا. (S and K in art. حلف.) A2: See also 5, in six places.8 إِعْتَهَدَ see 5, near the beginning, in two places.10 إِسْتَعْهَدَ see 1, former half, in two places. b2: One says also, اسْتَعْهَدْتُهُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ, meaning I made him responsible for accidents [arising, or that might arise,] from himself. (O, K. *) عَهْدٌ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.: used as a simple subst.,] An injunction, a charge, a bidding, an order, or a command. (S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA.) [Pl. in this and other senses عُهُودٌ.] عَهْدِى

أَنْ لَا آخُذَ مِنْ رَاضِعٍ شَيْئًا, occurring in a trad., is a phrase tropically abridged, meaning (tropical:) It is in the injunction, or charge, prescribed as obligatory on me [that I should not take anything from a suckling]. (Mgh.) b2: A compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, an engagement, a bond, an obligation, or a promise: (S, A, Mgh, O, L, Msb, K, TA:) pl. عُهُودٌ: or, accord. to AHeyth, ↓ عَهْدَةٌ has this this meaning, and عَهْدٌ is its pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.]. (TA.) Hence وَلِىُّ عَهْدٍ The suc-cessor by virtue of a covenant of a Khaleefeh [or King]. (TA.) [And وِلَايَةُ عَهْدٍ The succession by virtue of a covenant.] b3: Protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety; responsibility, or suretiship; syn. أَمَانٌ; and ذِمَّةٌ; (Sh, S, A, O, Msb, K;) and ضَمَانٌ; (O, K;) as also ↓ عُهَّيْدَى [in the O ↓ عُهَيْدَى] and ↓ عِهْدَانٌ [which last is said in the S and O to be syn. with عَهْدٌ, but in what sense is not there specified]. (K.) Hence, ذُو عَهْدٍ, an appel-lation given to a Christian, and a Jew, [and a Sabian, who is a subject of a Muslim government,] meaning One between whom and the Muslims a compact, or covenant, subsists, whereby the latter are responsible for his security [and freedom and toleration] as long as he acts agreeably to the compact [by living peaceably with them and paying a poll-tax]; (Mgh, * Msb, * TA;) [i. e. a free non-Muslim subject of a Muslim government;] as also ↓ مُعَاهِدٌ and ↓ مُعَاهَدٌ, the act. and pass. forms being both applied to such a person because the compact is mutual; (Msb;) both syn. with ذِمِّىٌّ: (S:) persons of this description are called collectively أَهْلُ العَهْدِ. (TA.) b4: An oath: (S, A, O, K:) pl. عُهُودٌ: or, accord. to AHeyth, ↓ عَهْدَةٌ signifies an oath whereby one secures himself against him with whom he makes a compact, contract, covenant, or the like, and عَهْدٌ is its pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.]. (TA.) [But it is generally used as a sing.: hence,] one says, عَلَىَّ عَهْدُ اللّٰهِ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ كَذَا [The oath by attestation of God is binding on me that I will assuredly do such a thing]. (S, O.) b5: A writ, or diploma, of appointment to the office of a prefect or governor or the like: (S, O, K:) pl. عُهُودٌ. (TA.) b6: Defence of those persons, or things, that should be sacred, or inviolable, or that are entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence; (S, A, O, K;) and mindfulness, regard, or observance, (S, K,) of such things, (K,) or of love, or affection; occurring in this sense in a trad., in which it is said that generosity therein is a point of religion. (S.) b7: Fulfilment of a promise or the like. (O, K.) So in the Kur vii. 100. (O.) b8: The assertion of the unity of God: whence, إِلَّا مَنِ اتَّخَذَ عِنْدَ الرَّحْمٰنِ عَهْدًا [Except such as hath made a covenant with the Compassionate to assert his unity], (O, K,) in the Kur [xix. 90]: (O:) and the words of a trad. relating to prayer, أَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِكَ وَوَعْدِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ I am persevering in the observance of my covenant and promise to Thee to believe in Thee and to assert thy unity incessantly [as far as I am able]. (TA.) A2: Also A time; (S, * A, K;) and so ↓ عِهْدَانٌ. (A, TA.) One says, كَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ فُلَانٍ and ↓ عِهْدَانِهِ It was in the time of such a one. (A.) And كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى عَهْدِ شَبَابِى That was in the time of my youth, or young manhood. (TK.) And أَتَى عَلَيْهَا عَهْدٌ طَوِيلٌ [Over which a long time has passed]. (S, in explanation of قَرْيَةٌ عَهِيدَةٌ meaning قَدِيمَةٌ.) b2: One says also, عَهْدِى بِهِ قَرِيبٌ i. e. My meeting [with him, or it, was a short time ago]. (S, * Msb.) And هُوَ قَرِيبُ العَهْدِ بَكَذَا He knew, or was acquainted with, such a thing, and was in such a state, or condition, recently, or a short time ago. (Msb. [And in like manner one says حَدِيثُ العَهْدِ and حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ.]) And عَهْدِى بِهِ بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا, (K, TA,) and فِى حَالِ كَذَا, (TA,) I met, or met with, or I knew, [or I saw,] him, or it, in such a place, (K, TA,) and in such a state, or condition. (TA.) And مَا لِى عَهْدٌ بِهِ [I have not any knowledge of, or acquaintance with, him, or it]. (A.) And مَتَى عَهْدُكَ بِفُلَانٍ When didst thou meet, or meet with, such a one? (Mgh:) or see such a one? (TA.) And مَتَى عَهْدُكَ بِالخُفِّ When didst thou wear the boots? (Mgh.) and مَتَى عَهْدُكَ بِأَسْفَلِ فِيكَ [When didst thou see the lower part of thy mouth?]: a prov.; said in asking a person respecting an old affair of which he has no knowledge. (L.) The saying of the poet, (Aboo-Khirásh El-Hudhalee, TA, and so in a copy of the S,) فَلَيْسَ كَعَهْدِ الدَّارِ يَا أُمَّ مَالِكٍ

وَلٰكِنْ أَحَاطَتْ بِالرِّقَابِ السَّلَاسِلُ [And it is not like the formerly-known state of the abode, O Umm-Málik; but chains have surrounded the necks;] is expl. as meaning, the case is not as thou knewest it; but El-Islám has come, and has subverted that case. (S, TA.) [Hence, لِلْعَهْدِ and ↓ لِلْمَعْهُودِ, said of the article اَلْ; meaning Used to distinguish a noun as known to the hearer, or reader, in a particular sense.]

A3: Also A first rain; the rain immediately following which is called وَلْىٌ: (TA:) or the first of the rain called الوَسْمِىُّ; (IAar, M, K;) and so ↓ عَهْدَةٌ and ↓ عِهْدَةٌ and ↓ عِهَادَةٌ, (M, K, TA,) or, as in some copies of the K [and in the CK], ↓ عِهَادٌ, which is pl. of عَهْدٌ. (TA.) b2: And Rain that falls after other rain, (AHn, S, K,) while the moisture of the former yet remains; (AHn, K;) as also ↓ عَهْدَةٌ and ↓ عِهْدَةٌ: (TA:) pl. عِهَادٌ and عُهُودٌ: (S:) or عِهَادٌ, accord. to some, signifies recent rains; app. from the saying, أَصَابَتْنَا دِيمَةٌ بِعْدَ دِيمَةٍ عَلَى عِهَادٍ

غَيْرِ قَدِيمَةٍ [A continuous and still rain fell upon us after a continuous and still rain following upon عهاد not long anterior]: (AHn, TA:) or عِهَادٌ signifies rains of the [season called] رَبِيع [here meaning autumn, as is shown voce نَوْءٌ], after the rain called الوَسْمِىّ: (A:) or weak, fine rain, of that which is called وَسْمِىّ. (IAar, TA.) b3: And عَامُ العُهُودِ means The year of few rains. (TA.) A4: See also عُهْدَةٌ, near the middle, in two places: A5: and see مَعْهَدٌ, in three places.

عَهِدٌ A man who applies himself repeatedly to affairs, and to prefectures or governments or the like; or who applies himself repeatedly thereto, and to the reforming thereof; expl. by the words يَتَعَاهَدُ الأُمُورَ وَالوِلَايَاتِ: (S, K:) or one who loves prefectures or the like, and writs of appointment thereto; expl. by مُحِبٌّ لِلْوِلَايَاتِ وَالعُهُودِ. (A.) عَهْدَةٌ: see عَهْدٌ, former half, in two places: A2: and again, in the last quarter, in two places.

A3: عهدة [thus written, without any syll. sign], in a verse cited by AHeyth, [the measure of which shows it to be عَهْدَةٌ or ↓ عُهْدَةٌ or ↓ عِهْدَةٌ, and in which it is applied to the depository of a secret,] is expl. as signifying [properly] A place on which the sun does not come. (TA.) عُهْدَةٌ A written statement of a purchase or sale: (S, Msb, K:) so called because one recurs to it on an occasion of doubt. (Msb.) And A written statement of a confederacy, league, compact, or covenant. (K.) b2: Also A return [to claim an indemnification for a fault or the like in a thing purchased]; syn. رَجْعَةٌ: so in the saying, لَا عُهْدَةَ [There shall be no return to claim an indemnification]: (S, O, K:) one says, أَبِيعُكَ المَلَسَى لَا عُهْدَةَ i. e. [I sell to thee on the condition that] thou shalt get thee away, and not return to me, (S in this art., and S and Msb and K in art. ملس,) nor have any claim upon me for indemnification: (Msb in art. ملس:) عُهْدَةٌ with respect to an article of merchandise being when it is sold in a faulty state or subject to a claim on the part of its owner. (TA. [See more voce مَلَسَى.]) One says also, عَلَيْكَ فِى

هٰذِهِ عُهْدَةٌ لَا تَتَفَصَّى مِنْهَا Thou art subject to a claim for acting unjustly [in respect of this, from which thou wilt not liberate thyself]. (A, TA.) And عُهْدَةُ الرَّقِيقِ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ The claim for indemnification for a fault in a slave, from the property of the seller, if he have sold him without making it a condition that he is clear of responsibility for any fault, is during three days, and the purchaser may return him without proof; but if he find a fault after three days, he may not return him without proof. (TA, from a trad.) And ↓ عَهْدٌ and عُهْدَةٌ signify the same: (TA:) you say, بَرِئْتُ

إِلَيْكَ مِنْ عُهْدَةِ هٰذَا العَبْدِ [and ↓ مِنْ عَهْدِهِ], meaning I am clear of responsibility to thee for any fault that thou mayest find in this slave known to exist in him while he was with me. (AHeyth, Mgh, TA.) See 4. And you say also, عُهْدَتُهُ عَلَى فُلَانٍ The responsibility for the rectification of any fault that may be found in him, or it, is upon such a one. (S, * Mgh, Msb, * K, * TA.) and فِى الأَمْرِ عُهْدَةٌ In the affair is an occasion for reverting to it for the purpose of its rectification; (Msb;) i. e. the affair is not yet performed soundly, thoroughly, or well, (S, O, Msb,) and the manager thereof has to revert to it in order to render it so. (Msb.) And فِيهِ عُهْدَةٌ In it is a fault, a defect, or an imperfection. (TA.) and فِى عَقْلِهِ عُهْدَةٌ In his intellect is a weakness. (S, A, O, K.) And فِى خَطِّهِ عُهْدَةٌ In his handwriting is a weakness: (K:) or badness: (A:) or faulty formation of the letters. (O.) A2: See also عَهْدَةٌ.

عِهْدَةٌ: see عَهْدٌ, last quarter, in two places: A2: and see also عَهْدَةٌ.

عِهْدَانٌ: see عَهْدٌ, in three places.

عِهَادٌ: see عَهْدٌ, near the end of the paragraph. b2: Also Parts of land upon which the rain called الوَسْمِىّ has fallen. (TA.) عَهِيدٌ One who makes, and with whom is made, a compact, a contract, a covenant, an agreement, a confederacy, a league, a treaty, or an engagement; [a confederate;] (S, O;) i. q. ↓ مُعَاهِدٌ [and ↓ مُعَاهَدٌ]. (A, K.) A2: Also Old, or ancient. (K.) قَرْيَةٌ عَهِيدَةٌ means An old, or ancient, town or village. (S, O.) عِهَادَةٌ: see عَهْدٌ, last quarter.

عُهَيْدَى and عُهَّيْدَى: see عَهْدٌ, first quarter.

مَعْهَدٌ A place in which one used to know, or be acquainted with, or meet with, a thing; (S, A, O;) a place in which a thing is, or has been, known, or met with; as also ↓ عَهْدٌ; (K;) the latter originally an inf. n.: (TA:) an abode in which one used to know love, or desire: (TA:) and, as also ↓ عَهْدٌ, a place of abode to which people return: (A:) or a place of abode to which people, when they have gone far away from it, always return: (S, O:) pl. of the former مَعَاهِدُ. (A.) One says, الأَحِبَّةِ ↓ اِسْتَوْقَفَ الرَّكْبَ عَلَى عَهْدِ and عَلَى مَعْهَدِهِمْ [He asked the company of riders to stop at the place where he used to know, or meet, the objects of love; or] at the abode to which the objects of love used to return. (A.) أَرْضٌ مُعَهَّدَةٌ Land upon which a partial rain has fallen. (Az, O, K. *) مَعْهُودٌ Known. (S, O.) مَعْهُودٌ وَمَشْهُودٌ وَمَوْعُودٌ, as meaning Past and present and future, are applied to denote the tenses of a verb. (Kh, L.) See also عَهْدٌ, last quarter.

A2: Also, applied to a place, (K,) and, with ة, to a land, (أَرْضٌ, S,) and to a meadow, (رَوْضَةٌ, A,) Rained upon by the rain called عَهْدٌ (S, * K) or عَهْدَةٌ. (A.) مُعَاهِدٌ and مُعَاهَدٌ: see عَهِيدٌ: and see also عَهْدٌ, former half. معاهد [i. e. either the act. or the pass. part. n.] is mostly applied in the trads. to A person of the class called أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ [or أَهْلُ العَهْدِ, expl. voce عَهْدٌ]: but sometimes it is applied also to any other of the unbelievers with whom one is on terms of peace, or with whom peace has been made, for a definite time. (L.)