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Entries related to the term اتو from Arabic dictionaries:

اتو

اتو

1 أَتَا, aor. ـْ (Msb;) and أَتَوْتُهُ, (T, S, M, K,) aor. ـو (S;) inf. n. أَتْوٌ, (M, Msb,) or أَتْوَةٌ, (S,) or the latter is an inf. n. of un.; (T, TA;) He came; (Msb;) and I came to him, or it; (S;) the former a dial. var. of أَتَى, aor. ـْ (Msb;) and the latter, of أَتَيْتُهُ. (T, S, M, K.) [See art. اتى, to which, as well as to the present art., belong several words mentioned in this.]

A2: أَتَا, aor. as above, (TK,) inf. n. أَتْوٌ, (M, K, TK,) also signifies He pursued a right, direct, straight, or even, course, in going, or pace. (M, K, TK.) b2: And He (a man, TK) hastened, made haste, or sped; or he was quick, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet. (M, K, TK.) b3: And أَتَتِ النَاقَةُ, inf. n. as above, The she-camel returned her fore legs, [drawing the feet back towards the body, and lifting them high,] in her going. (M.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ أَتْوَ يَدَىْ هذِهِ النَّاقَةِ, and أَتْىَ يَدَيْهَا, How good, or beautiful, is this she-camel's returning of her fore legs in her going! i. e. رَجْعَ يَدَيْهَا فِى سَيْرِهَا. (T, * S, M.) b4: And أَتْوٌ signifies also The act of impelling, or propelling; particularly, of an arrow from a bow. (TA.) See also this word below.

A3: أَتَوْتُهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـو (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِتَاوَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) so accord. to A'Obeyd, (M,) and mentioned by Sgh on the authority of Az, (TA,) and أَتْوٌ, (S, TA,) [I gave him what is termed إِتَاوَة, as meaning the tax called خَرَاج: this is the signification which seems to be indicated in the S: or] I bribed him; gave him a bribe. (M, Msb, K.) [See also إِتَاوَةٌ below.]

A4: أَتَتِ النَّخْلَةُ, (T, S, M, K,) and الشَّجَرَةُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. إِتَآءٌ, with kesr, (Kr, M, K,) [in a copy of the T, and in two copies of the S, أَتَآءٌ, but this is said in the M to be a subst.,] and أَتْوٌ; (M, K;) and النخلة ↓ آتَتِ, inf. n. إِيتَآءٌ; (T;) The palm-tree [and the tree] bore: (S:) or put forth its fruit: or showed its being in a good state: (M, K:) or bore much: (T, M, K:) and اتآء signifies also the increasing, or thriving, of seed-produce. (T.) b2: And أَتَتِ المَاشِيَةٌ, inf. n. إِتَآءٌ, [in a copy of the M أَتَآءٌ,] The cattle, or camels &c., increased, or yielded increase. (M, K. [In the CK, immediately before this phrase, والثِّمارِ is erroneously put for وَالنَّمَآءُ.]) A5: تَأْتَى for تأْتَوِى: see 1 in art. اوى.4 آتَوَ see 1, near the end of the paragraph.

أَتْوٌ an inf. n. of 1, q. v.

A2: A way, course, mode, or manner. (M, K.) You say, of speech, or language, (M,) and of a speaker, or reciter of a خُطْبَــة, (IAar, M,) مَا زَالَ عَلَى أَتْو وَاحد It, and he, ceased not to follow one [uniform] way, &c. (M.) A3: An impulsion; a propulsion; particularly an act of shooting an arrow from a bow: so in a trad., where it is said, كُنَّا نَرْمِى الأَتْوَيْنِ We used to shoot one shooting and two shootings; meaning, of arrows from bows, after the prayer of sunset. (TA.) A4: Death: or [so in the T, but in the K “and,”] a trial; or an affliction. (T, K.) You say, أَتَى عَلَى فُلَانٍ أَتْوٌ Death came upon such a one: or a trial; or an affliction. (ISh, T.) And إِنْ أَتَى عَلَّى أَتْوٌ فَغُلامِى حُرٌّ If I die, [or if death befall me,] my slave shall be free. (T.) b2: A vehement sickness or disease: (T, K:) or the fracture of an arm, or of a leg. (T.) A5: A gift. (S, K.) b2: Butter; (S;) as also ↓ أَتَآءٌ, (A,) or ↓ إِتَآءٌ. (TA: [in which it is said to be like كِتَابٌ; but this I think a mistake: see أَتَآءٌ below.]) You say, when a skin of milk is agitated, and its butter comes, قَدْ جَآءَ أَتْوُهُ [Its butter has come]. (S, TA.) And you say, ↓ لَبَنٌ ذُو اتآءٍ Milk having butter. (A, TA.) A6: A great body or corporeal form or person (شَخْصٌ عَظِيمٌ). (Az, Sgh, K.) أَتْوَةٌ A single coming; as also أَتْيَةٌ. (T.) أَتْوَانُ a corroborative [or imitative sequent] of أَسْوَانُ, which signifies grieving mourning, or sorrowful: (TA:) or i. q. حَرِيصٌ [vehemently desirous; eager; &c.]. (Mirkát el-Loghah, cited by Golius.) أَتَآءٌ, (T, S, M,) or إِتَآءٌ, like كِتَابٌ, (K, [but it is said in the M that the former is a subst. and the latter an inf. n.,] Increase; syn. نَمَآءٌ, (S, M, K, [in the CK والثِّمَارِ is erroneously put for وَالنَّمَآءُ,]) and بَرَكَةٌ: (S:) increase, and produce, or net produce, of land; as though from الإِتَاوَةٌ signifying الخَرَاجُ: (TA:) gain, or revenue, arising from the increase of land, or from the rent thereof, or the like: (TA, and so in a copy of the S:) the produce of land, and fruits, &c.: (As, T:) what is produced of the fruits (آكَال [in the CK اُكال]) of trees: (M, K:) the fruit of palm-trees. (S.) b2: See also أَتْوٌ, in three places.

أَتِىٌّ (S, M, Sgh, K) and أُتِىٌّ [respecting which see what follows] and إِتِىٌّ, (Sgh, K,) of all which, the first is said by A'Obeyd to be the form used by the Arabs, (TA,) [and all belong to art. اتى, as well as to the present art.,] and ↓ أَتَاوِىٌّ (M, Sgh, K) and أُتَاوِىٌّ and إِتَاوِىٌّ, (Sgh, K,) all these, and the three preceding them, mentioned by Sgh on the authority of AA, but the last of all said by him to be strange, (TA,) A rivulet for which a man makes a way or channel, or an easy course or passage, to his land: (S, M, K:) or a torrent, or flow of water, from another region or quarter: (M, K: [both these meanings mentioned in the M in art. اتو, and the former in art. اتي also, of that work:]) or أَتِىٌّ signifies a conduit of water; and any channel in which water is made to have an easy course; as also أُتِىٌّ, mentioned by Sb; or, as some say, this is a pl.: (M:) or any rivulet: (As, T:) or a rivulet less than the [trench called] نُؤْى: (IB:) and سَيْلٌ أَتىٌّ (Lh, T, S, M) and أَتَاوِىٌّ, (Lh, S, M,) a torrent, or flow of water, that comes one knows not whence: (M:) or that comes when the rain that has produced it has not fallen upon the people to whom it comes: (Lh, S, M:) or that comes from a land upon which rain has fallen to a land upon which rain has not fallen. (T, Msb.) b2: Hence, (T, M,) or the reverse is the case, (T, M, Msb,) all the words above, (AA, T, K,) or أَتِىَ and أَتَاوِىُّ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, [the last said in the T to be the most approved,]) A stranger; or a man not of one's own people, or not of one's own kindred: (AA, T, S, M, Mgh:) or a man who asserts his relation to a people of whom he is not: (Msb:) or أَتِىٌّ signifies one who is among a people of whom he is not: (As, T:) and أَتَاوِىٌّ, a stranger, who is not in his own country; or, accord. to Ks, a stranger, who is not in his own home: (T:) the pl. of this last is أَتَاوِيُّونَ: (S:) [the fem. sing. is أَتَاويَّةٌ:] and the pl. fem. أَتَاويَّاتٌ. (T, S, M.) إِتَاوَةٌ i. q. خَرَاجٌ [i. e. A tax, a tribute, or an impost], (T, S, M, K,) such, for instance, as is levied on land, (TA in the present art.,) and such as is imposed on a slave; (TA in art. ضرب;) and any tax or other exaction that is taken by compulsion, or against the will, or that is apportioned to a people: (M: [in the TA “to a place” instead of “to a people:”]) and also, a bribe: or, (accord. to some, M,) particularly, a bribe for water: (M, K:) the pl. is أَتَاوَى, (T, M, K, TA, [but in some copies of the K أَتَاوِىُّ, and accord. to copies of the S it is أَتَاوٍ, being written, with the article, الأَتَاوِى; both of which appear to be wrong; for it is said to be] like عَلَاوَى and هَرَاوَى, pls. of عِلَاوَةٌ and هِرَاوَةٌ, (M, TA,) and like سَكَارَى; (TA;) changed, [in the accus. case, with the article prefixed,] at the end of a verse, into الأَتَاوِيَا, for the sake of the rhyme: (M, TA:) this occurs in a verse of El-Jaadee: (S:) it has also for a pl. إِتَاوَاتٌ, (T,) and أُتَّي, [in the CK, erroneously, اَتِىٌّ,] which is extr., (M, K,) as though its sing. were أُتْوَةٌ, being like رُشَّى, pl. of رُشْوَةٌ, (M,) and like عُرَّى, pl. of عُرْوَةٌ. (TA.) You say, أَدَّى إِتَاوَةَ أَرْضِهِ [He payed the tax of his land]; i. e. خَرَاجَهَا: and ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الإِتَاوَةُ [The tax, or tribute, or impost, was imposed upon them]; i. e. الجِبَايَةُ: and some assert it to be tropical. (TA.) You say also, شَكَمَ فَاهُ بِالْإِتَاوَةِ [He stopped (lit. bitted) his mouth with the bribe]; i. e. بَالّرِشْوَةِ. (TA.) أَتَاوِىٌّ and its vars.: see أَتىٌّ, above.
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Entries related to the term ابل from Arabic dictionaries:

ابل

ابل

1 أَبِلَ, aor. ـَ (S, M, K;) and أَبَلَ, aor. ـُ (K;) inf. n. أَبَالَةٌ, (S, M, K,) of the former verb, (S, M, TA,) or, accord. to Sb, إِبَالَةٌ, because it denotes an office, and, if so, of the latter verb, (TA,) and أَبَلٌ, (M, K,) which is of the former verb, (M, TA,) and أَبَلَةٌ [like غَلَبَةٌ]; (T;) He (a man, S) was, or became, skilled in the good management of camels (S, M, K) and of sheep or goats. (M, K.) إِبَالَةٌ, like كِتَابَةٌ [in measure], signifies The management, or tending, (A, K, TA,) of مَال [meaning camels or other beasts]. (A, TA.) You say, هُوَ حَسَنُ الإِبَالَةِ He is good in the management, or tending, of his مال [or camels, &c.]. (A, TA.) b2: أَبَلَ, aor. ـِ see 2, second signification. b3: أُبِلَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels were gotten, or acquired, as permanent property. (S, TA.) b4: أَبِلَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـَ and أَبَلَت, aor. ـُ (K;) inf. n. [of the former] أَبَلٌ and [of the latter] أُبُولٌ; (TA;) The camels became many, or numerous. (K.) b5: Also أُبَلَتِ الإِبِلُ, (S, M, K,) and the like is said of wild animals, (S, M,) or others, (K,) aor. ـُ and اَبِلَ, inf. n. أُبُولٌ (S, M, K) and أَبْلٌ; (M, K;) and أَبِلَت; and ↓ تأبلّت; (M, K;) The camels were content, or satisfied, with green pasture, so as to be in no need of water: (S, M, K:) the last verb is mentioned by Z, and he says that it is tropical, and hence أَبِيلٌ applied to “a monk.“ (TA.) b6: [Hence,] أَبَلَ الرَّجُلُ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ, and ↓ تأبّل, (S, M, K,) The man was content to abstain from conjugal intercourse with his wife; syn. اِجْتَزَأَعَنْهَا; (M;) the man abstained from conjugal, or carnal, intercourse with his wife. (S, K, TA.) b7: [Hence also] أَبَلَ, (K,) inf. n. أَبْلٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He devoted himself to religious exercises; or became a devotee; (K, TA;) as also أَبُلَ, like فَقُهَ, inf. n. أَبَالَةٌ: or this signifies he became a monk. (TA.) b8: And أَبَلَ, aor. ـِ (Kr, M, K,) inf. n. أَبْلٌ, (Kr, M,) (assumed tropical:) He overcame, and resisted, or withstood; (Kr, M, K;) as also ↓ أبّل, (K,) inf. n. تَأْبِيلٌ; (TA;) but the word commonly known is أَبَلَّ. (M, TA.) b9: Also (K, TA, but in the CK “ or ”) أَبَلَتِ الإِبِلُ signifies The camels were left to pasture at liberty, and went away, having with them no pastor: (K:) or they became wild, or shy. (K, * TA.) b10: And The camels sought by degrees, or step by step, or bit by bit, after the أُبُل [q. v.], i. e. the خِلْفَة of the herbage or pasture. (TA.) b11: And, inf. n. أُبُولٌ, The camels remained, or abode, in the place: (M, K:) or remained, or abode, long in the pasturage, and in the place. (El-Moheet, TA.) b12: أَبَلَ العُشْبٌ, inf. n. أُبُولٌ, The herbage became tall, so that the camels were able to feed upon it. (K.) b13: أَبَلَ الشَّجَرُ, inf. n. أُبُولٌ, The trees had green [such, app., as is termed أُبُلٌ] growing in its dried parts, mixing therewith, upon which camels, or the like, fatten. (Ibn-'Abbád.) A2: أَبَلَهُ, inf. n. أَبْلٌ, He assigned to him, or gave him, (جَعَلَ لَهُ) pasturing camels, or camels pasturing by themselves. (K.) 2 أبّل, (S, K,) inf. n. تَأْبِيلٌ, (K,) He took for himself, got, gained, or acquired, camels; he acquired them as permanent property. (S, K.) [See also 5.] b2: He was one whose camels had become numerous; (T, M, K;) as also ↓ آبل, (M, K,) inf. n. إِيبَالٌ; (TA;) and ↓ أَبَلَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. أَبْلٌ. (TK.) b3: تَأْبِيلٌ الإِبِلِ The managing, or taking good care, of camels; (M;) and the fattening of them: (M, K:) mentioned by AHn, on the authority of Aboo—Ziyád ElKilábee. (M.) A2: See also 1.4 آبَلَ see 2.5 تَاَبَّلَ see 1, in two places: b2: and see 8 A2: تأبّل إِبِلًا He took for himself, got, gained, or acquired, camels; (Az, T, M, K;) like تغنّم غَنَمًا. (Az, T.) [See also 2.]8 لَا يَأْتَبِلُ, (S, M, K,) in the O ↓ لا يَتَأَبِّلُ, (TA,) He does not, or will not, keep firmly, or steadily, to the pasturing of camels, nor tend them well; (M, K;) he does not, or will not, manage them, or take care of them, in such manner as to put them in good condition: (As, A 'Obeyd, T, S:) or it signifies, (M, K,) or signifies also, (S,) he does not, or will not, keep firmly, or steadily, upon them when riding them; (T, S, M, K, TA;) used in this sense by a man excusing himself for not putting on a camel his aged father who was walking. (T.) إِبْلٌ: see إِبِلٌ: b2: and أَبِلٌ.

أَبَلٌ: see أَبَلَةٌ.

أَبِلٌ Skilled in the good management of camels (S, M, K) and of sheep or goats; (M, K;) as also ↓ آبِلٌ: (S, M, K:) and أَبِلٌ بِالإِبِلِ, and in poetry ↓ إِبْلٌ, skilled in the management, or care, of camels. (T.) b2: A man possessing camels; (Fr, M, K;) as also ↓ آبِلٌ, (M, K,) similar to تَامِرٌ and لَابِنٌ, (Ham p. 714,) but this is disapproved by Fr; (TA;) and ↓ إِبَلِىٌّ, (S, M, O,) with fet-h to the ب (S, O,) because several kesrehs together are deemed uncouth; (O;) in the K, erroneously, ↓ أَبَلِىٌّ, with two fet-hahs; (TA;) and ↓ إِبِلِىٌّ also, (M, K,) with two kesrehs. (K.) b3: بَعِيرٌ أَبِلٌ A fleshy he-camel. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b4: نَاقَةٌ أبِلَةٌ A she-camel blessed, prospered, or made to have increase, in respect of offspring. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) In one place in the K, مِنَ الوَلَدِ is put for فِى الوَلَدِ. (TA.) أُبُلٌ [mentioned in two places in the latter part of the first paragraph,] The خِلْفَة of herbage, (K,) i. e., of dry herbage; [app. meaning what grows in the season called الصَّيْف, or summer, among herbage that has dried up;] growing after a year; upon which camels, or the like, fatten. (TA.) إِبِلٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K, &c.,) said by Sb to be the only subst. of this form except حِبِرٌ, and to have none like it among epithets except بِلِزٌ; for though other instances are mentioned, they are not of established authority; (Msb;) but IJ mentions, with these, حِبِكٌ and إِطِلٌ [which may be of established authority]; (TA;) [and to these may be added إِبِطٌ and إِبِدٌ, and perhaps نِكِحٌ and خِطِبٌ; respecting which see إِبِدٌ;] and for إِبِلٌ one says also ↓ إِبلٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) sometimes, by way of contraction; (S, Msb;) or this may be a dial. var. of the former; (Kr, MF;) [Camels: and a herd of camels: or] at the least, applied to a صِرْمَة; i. e. a number [of camels] more than a ذَوْد [which is at least nine,] up to thirty; after which is the هَجْمَة, i. e. forty and upwards; and then, هُنَيْدَةُ, which is a hundred of إِبِل: (T:) or, accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, a hundred of إِبِل: (TA:) it is a quasi-pl. n.; (Az, S, ISd, Z, O, Msb, &c.;) a word having no proper sing.; (S, M, O, Msb;) and is of the fem. gender, because the quasi-pl. n. that has no proper sing. is necessarily fem. (S, O, Msb) when not applied to human beings, (S, O,) or when applied to irrational beings, (Msb,) and has ة added in the dim.; (S, Msb;) the dim. of إِبِلٌ being ↓ أُبَيْلَةٌ: (S, Msb, K:) it is said in the K that it is a sing. applied to a pl. number, and is not a pl., nor a quasi-pl. n.; but in this assertion together with the saying that the dim. is as above is a kind of contradiction; for if it be a sing., and not a quasi-pl. n., what is the reason of its being fem.? (TA:) the pl. is آبَالٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and أَبِيلٌ [like عَبِيدٌ pl. of عَبْدٌ, q. v.]; (Msb, TA;) the pl. meaning herds [of camels]; and in like manner أَغْنَامٌ and أَبْقَارٌ mean flocks of sheep or goats and herds of bulls or cows: (Msb, TA:) and the dual, إِبلَانِ, means two herds [of camels], (Sb, T, S, M, Msb,) each with its pastor; (T;) like as غَنَمَانِ means two flocks of sheep or goats: (S:) or, accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, the dual means two hundreds of إِبِل. (TA.) b2: الإِبِلُ الصُّغْرَى [The smaller camels] is an appellation applied to sheep; because they eat more than goats. (IAar in TA art. ضبط.) b3: It is said in the Kur [lxxxviii. 17], أَفَلَا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى الْإِبِلِ كَيْفَ خُلِقَتْ, meaning, accord. to 'Aboo-Amr Ibn-El- 'Alà, (T, TA,) (tropical:) [Will they not then consider] the clouds that bear the water for rain, [how they are created?] (T, K, TA:) but accord. to him who reads الإِبْلِ, the meaning is, the camels. (T, TA.) أُبْلَةٌ A blight, blast, taint, or the like: (T, K:) thus written by IAth, agreeably with the authority of Aboo-Moosà; (TA;) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one should not sell dates until he is secure from الاُبْلَةٌ; (T, TA;) but accord. to a commentary on the Nh, it is correctly written ↓ أَبَلَةٌ [q. v.] (TA.) إِبْلَةٌ Enmity; hostility. (Kr, M, K.) أَبَلَةٌ Unwholesomeness and heaviness of food; (S, M, K;) originally وَبَلَةٌ, like as أَحَدٌ is originally وَحَدٌ; (S;) as also ↓ أَبَلٌ. (K.) It is said in a trad. that this departs from every property for which the poor-rate has been paid. (S, M.) b2: See also أُبْلَةٌ. b3: An evil quality of herbage or pasture. (AHn, TA in art. نشر.) b4: A cause of harm or injury; evil; mischief. (TA.) b5: A consequence of an action, or a claim which one seeks to obtain for an injury; and a cause of blame or dispraise: having these meanings in the saying, إِنْ فَعَلْتَ ذَاكَ فَقَدْ خَرَجْتَ مِنْ أَبَلَتِهِ [If thou do that, thou wilt escape from its consequence, &c.]. (T.) b6: A fault, vice, or the like. (Aboo-Málik, T.) So in the saying, مَا عَلَيْكَ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ أَبَلَةٌ [There is not to be charged against thee, in this affair, any fault, &c.]. (T.) b7: A crime; a sin; an unlawful action. (K.) b8: Rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite. (IB.) أَبَلِىٌّ: see أَبِلٌ

أَبُلِىٌّ: see أَبِيلٌ

إِبَلِىٌّ, with fet-h to the ب because several kesrehs together are deemed uncouth, Of, or relating to, camels. (S.) b2: See also أَبِلٌ.

إِبِلِىٌّ: see أَبِلٌ

أَبِيلٌ (assumed tropical:) A Christian monk; (S M, Msb, K;) so called because of his abstaining (لِتَأَبُلِهِ) from women: (TA:) or the chief monk: (T:) or a derotee: (TA:) or an old man, or elder: (M:) or the chief, or head-man, of the Christians: (M, K:) or the man who calls them to prayer by means of the نَاقُوس; (A Heyth, M, * K;) the beater of the ناقوس: (IDrd:) as also ↓ أَيْبَلِىٌّ, (M and K, but according to the M as meaning “ a monk,”) which is either a foreign word, or changed by the relative ى, or of the same class as إِنْقَحْلٌ [in which the first letter as well as th second is augmentative], for Sb says that there is not in the language an instance of the measure فَيْعَلٌ; (M;) and ↓ أَيْبُلِىٌّ, and هَيْبَلِىٌّ, and ↓ أَبُلِىٌّ and ↓ أَيْبَلٌ, (K,) which last is disallowed by Sb for the reason stated above; (TA;) and ↓ أَيْبُلٌ like أَيْنُقٌ; and ↓ أَيْبِلِىٌّ; (K;) the last with fet-h to the hemzeh, and kesr to the ب, and with the [first] ى quiescent; or أَيْبَلِىٌّ [app. a mistranscription for أَيْبِلِىٌّ] is used by poetic licence for ↓ أَبِيلِىٌّ, like أَيْنُقٌ for أَنْوُقٌ: (TA:) pl. آبَالٌ (M, K) and أُبْلٌ, or أُبُلٌ, [accord. to different copies of the K,] with damm [which indicates that the former is meant, though it is irregular]. (K.) By أَبِيلٌ الأَبِيلِينَ is meant 'Eesà [or Jesus], (S, K,) the Messiah. (S.) b2: In the Syriac language it signifies Mourning, or sorrowing. (K.) A2: Also A staff, or stick. (M, K.) b2: See also إِبَالَةٌ.

أُبَالَة: see the next paragraph.

إِبَالَةٌ: see إِبَّوْلٌ.

A2: Also A bundle of firewood; (T, S, Msb;) and so ↓ إِبَّالَةٌ: (T, S:) or a great bundle of firewood; and so ↓ أُبَالَةٌ and بُلَةٌ (K) and ↓ إِبَّالَةٌ: (Bd in cv. 3; but there explained only as signifying a great bundle:) or a bundle of dry herbage; (M, TA;) and so ↓ إِبَّالَةٌ (K) and ↓ أَبِيلٌ and ↓ أَبِيلَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ إِيبَالَةٌ, (K, [in the CK اَيْبَالَة,]) with one of the two ب s changed into ى, and mentioned by Az, but it is said in the S and O that this is not allowable, because this change may not be made in a word of the measure فِعَّالَةٌ, with ة, but only in one without ة, as in the cases of دِينَارٌ and قِيرَاطٌ; (TA;) and وَبِيلَةٌ signifies the same, (K,) belonging to art. وبل. (TA.) Hence the prov., (S, TA,) صِغْثٌ عَلَى إِبَالَةٍ and ↓ إِبَّالَةٍ, (S, K, &c.,) but the former is the more common, and ↓ إِيبَالَةٍ, which is allowed by Az but disallowed by J; (TA;) [lit. A handful of herbage, or the like, upon a bundle, or great bundle, of firewood, or a bundle of dry herbage;] meaning (assumed tropical:) a trial, or trying event, upon another (S, O, K) that had happened before: (S, O:) or plenty (خِصْبٌ) upon plenty; as though bearing two contr. significations. (K.) أَبِيلَةٌ: see إِبَالَةٌ.

أُبَيلَةٌ dim of إِبِلٌ, q. v. (S, Msb, K.) أَبِيلِىٌّ: see أَبِيلٌ.

أَبَابِيلٌ: see إِبَّوْلٌ.

أَبَّالٌ A pastor of camels, (M, K, TA,) who manages them, or takes care of them, well. (TA.) إِبَّالٌ: see the next paragraph.

إِبَّوْلٌ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) like عِجَّوْلٌ, (S, Msb, K, [in the CK, erroneously, عَجُول,]) A separate, or distinct, portion of a number of birds, and of horses, and of camels, (M, K,) and of such following one another; (K;) as also ↓ إِبِيلٌ and ↓ إِبَّالَةٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ إِبَالَةٌ, and ↓ إِيْبَالٌ: (K:) or it signifies a bird separating itself from the row of other birds; (T, TA;) accord. to IAar. (TA.) It is said to be the sing. of ↓ أَبَابِيلٌ: (T, S, M, and Jel in cv. 3:) Ks says, I used to hear the grammarians say that this latter has for its sing. إِبَّوْلٌ, like عِجَّوْلٌ, of which the pl. is عَجَاجِيلٌ: (Msb:) or its sing. is ↓ إِبَيلٌ; (S, Msb;) but he who says this adds, I have not found the Arabs to know a sing. to it: (S:) or each of these is its sing.; (M, Jel;) and so is ↓ إِبَّالٌ: (Jel:) or its sing. is ↓ إِبَّالَةٌ, (Bd in cv. 3, and Msb,) originally signifying “a great bundle:” (Bd:) it is said that this seems to be its sing.; and so ↓ أَبَّالَةٌ: or the sing. may be ↓ إِيبَالَةٌ, like as دِينَارٌ is sing of دَنَانِيرٌ: (T:) or it has no sing., (T, S, M, Bd, Msb, K,) accord. to Fr (T, Msb) and Akh (S) and AO, (T, M,) like شَمَاطِيطُ (Fr, T, Bd) and عَبَادِيدٌ. (AO, M, Bd.) أَبَابِيلٌ signifies, accord. to some, A company in a state of dispersion: (M:) or dispersed companies, one following another: (Msb:) or distinct, or separate, companies, (Akh, S, Msb, K,) like leaning camels: (Msb:) or companies in a state of dispersion. (AO, Msb.) One says, جَآءَتْ إِبِلُكَ

أَبَابِيلَ Thy camels came in distinct, or separate, companies. (Akh, S.) And طَيْرٌ أَبَابِيلُ [in the Kur 105:3 means Birds in distinct, or separate, flocks or bevies]: (Akh, S:) [or] birds in companies from this and that quarter: or following one another, flock after flock: (Zj, T:) or (assumed tropical:) birds in companies; (Bd, Jel;) likened to great bundles, in respect of their compactness. (Bd.) [Respecting these birds, Fei, in the Msb, quotes many fanciful descriptions, which I omit, as absurd.]

إِبِّيلٌ: see إِبَّوْلٌ, in two places.

أَبَّالَةٌ: see إِبَّوْلٌ.

إِبَّالَةٌ: see إِبَالَةٌ, in three places: b2: and إِبَّوْلٌ, in two places.

آبَلٌ More, and most, skilled in the good management of camels. (S, M, K, TA.) Hence the prov., آبَلُ مِنْ حُنَيْفِ الحَنَاتِمِ [More skilled &c. than Honeyf-el-Hanátim]. (TA.) And the phrase, هُوَ مِنْ آبِلَ النَّاسِ [He is of the most skilled &c. of men]. (S, M, K.) Mentioned by Sb, who says that there is no verb corresponding to it. (M.) [But see 1, first signification.]

آبِلٌ: see أَبِلٌ, in two places. b2: إِبِلٌ أَوَابِلٌ, (S, M, K,) and أُبَّلٌ, and أُبَّالٌ, (M,) [all pls. of آبِلٌ or آبِلَةٌ,] and ↓ مُؤَبَّلَةٌ, (M,) Many, or numerous, camels: (S, M, K:) or this, [app. meaning the last,] as some say, put in distinct herds; (M;) and so أُبَّالٌ: (TA:) or gotten, gained, or acquired, for permanent possession: (M:) this last is the meaning of the last of the epithets above. (S, K.) b3: آبِلٌ, applied to a camel, also signifies Content, or satisfied, with green pasture, so as to be in no need of water: pl. أُبَّالٌ: (S, K:) and so أَوَابِلُ, applied to she-camels, (T, * TA,) and to wild animals. (S in art. بل.) b4: And إِبِلٌ آبِلَةٌ Camels seeking by degrees, or step by step, or bit by bit, after the أُبُل [q. v.], i. e. the خِلْفَة of the herbage or pasture. (TA.) b5: And إِبِّلٌ أُبَّلٌ Camels left to themselves, (S, M, K, TA,) without a pastor. (TA.) أَيْبَلٌ and أَيْبُلٌ: see أَبِيلٌ.

أَيْبَلِىٌّ and أَيْبُلِىٌّ and أَيْبِلِىٌّ: see أَبِيلٌ.

إِيْبَالٌ: see إِبَّوْلٌ.

إِيْبَالَةٌ: see إِبَالَةٌ, in two places: b2: and see إِبَّوْلٌ.

أَرْضٌ مَأْبَلَةٌ A land having camels. (S, K.) إِبِلٌ مُؤَبَّلَةٌ: see آبِلٌ.
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Entries related to the term انف from Arabic dictionaries:

انف

انف

1 أَنَفَهُ, (T, S, M, K,) aor. ـِ (M, K) and اَنُفَ, (K,) inf. n. أَنْفٌ, (M,) He struck, (T, S, K,) or hit, or hurt, (M,) his nose; (T, S, M, K;) namely, a man's. (S.) b2: It (the water) reached his nose, (T, S, K,) on the occasion of his descending into a river; (S;) as also ↓ آنفهُ, (K, [but in some copies written again أَنَفَهُ,]) inf. n. إِينَافٌ. (TK.) A2: أَنَفَتِ الإِبِلُ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) The camels trod herbage, or pasture, such as is termed أُنُف, (ISk, S, K,) i. e., which had not been pastured upon. (S.) [But in the TT, as from the M, I find ↓ آانَفَ, (which should rather be written أَانَفَ, or, accord. to the more usual mode, آنَفَ,) He trod such herbage, or pasture.]

A3: أَنِفَ, aor. ـَ (S, M, K,) inf. n. أَنَفٌ, (M,) He (a camel) had a complaint of, or suffered pain in, his nose, from the بُرَة [or nose-ring]: (S, M, K:) from ISk. (S.) b2: أَنِفَتِ الإِبِلُ, accord. to certain of the Kilábees, means The flies alighted upon the noses of the camels, and they sought places which they did not seek before. (T.) b3: أَنِفَ مِنْهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. أَنَفٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and أَنَفَةٌ, (S, M, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) [He turned up his nose at it;] he disdained it; scorned it; abstained from it, or refused to do it, by reason of disdain and pride; (S, M, Msb, K;) he disliked it, or hated it, and his soul was above it; (L;) namely, a thing: (S, M, L, Msb:) and he shunned it, avoided it, or kept himself far from it: (Msb:) and he disliked it, or hated it; namely, a saying. (Az, T, Msb.) You say, مَارَأَيْتُ أَحْمَى أَنَفًا مِنْ فُلَانٍ [I have not seen any one more vehemently disdainful, or scornful, than such a one]. (S.) And حَمَلَ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ أَنَفًا He conceived, in consequence of that, disdain, or scorn, arising from indignation and anger. (TA, from a trad.) [The verb is also trans. without من: you say,] يَأْنَفُ أَنْ يُضامَ [He disdains, or scorns, or refuses to bear, or to submit to, being injured]. (K.) [When immediately trans.,] أَنِفَ also signifies He loathed, disliked, or regarded with disgust. (IAar, T.) You say, أَنِفَ البَعِيرُ الكَلَأَ The camel loathed, disliked, or regarded with disgust, the herbage, or pasture. (T.) And أَنفَ الطَّعَامَ وَغَيْرَهُ He disliked the food &c. (M.) And أَنِفَتْ فَرَسِى

هٰذِهِ هٰذَا البَلَدَ This my mare disliked this region. (T, as heard from an Arab of the desert.) and تَأْنَفُ فَحْلَهَا She (a woman, and a mare, and a camel, being pregnant,) dislikes her male, or stallion. (T.) And أَنِفَتْ, said of a woman, signifies She, being pregnant, had no appetite for anything. (Ibn-Abbád, K.) 2 اَنَّفَ see 4.

A2: تَأْنِيفٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The sharpening, or making pointed, the extremity of a thing. (S.) You say of a spear-head, or an arrow-head, or a blade, أُنِّفّ, inf. n. تَأْنِيفٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) It was sharpened or pointed [at its extremity]. (TA.) b2: [Used as a subst.,] (assumed tropical:) Sharpness of the extremity of the hock; which, in a horse, is approved. (TA.) b3: أُنِّفَ تَأْنِيفَ السَّيْرِ, said by an Arab of the desert in describing a horse, means (assumed tropical:) He was made even, like as is made even the cut thong or strap. (M.) A3: (assumed tropical:) The seeking after herbage, or pasture, (K, TA,) such as is termed أُنُف. (TA.) b2: أنّف مَالَهُ, (T,) or الإِبِلَ, (K,) inf. n. as above; and ↓ آنَفَهَا, (T, S, K,) inf. n. إِينَافٌ; (T;) (assumed tropical:) He pastured his beasts upon the first of the herbage: (T:) or he pursued, with the camels, repeatedly, or gradually, or step by step, (S, K, TA,) after the first of the herbage, (S,) or after the herbage which had not been pastured upon: (K, * TA:) or he went with them thereto. (L.) 4 آنفهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. إِينَافٌ, (S,) He, (S,) or it, (M,) made him to have a complaint of, or to suffer pain in, his nose. (S, M, K.) b2: See also أَنَفَهُ. b3: He, or it, induced him to feel disdain, scorn, indignation, and anger; (IF, M, K, TA;) as also ↓ انّفهُ, inf. n. تَأْنِيفٌ: (K:) or caused him to dislike, or hate, or to loath, or feel disgust. (T.) A2: (assumed tropical:) He hastened it; namely, his affair. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A3: See also 2.

A4: آنف as an intrans. verb: see 1.5 تَتَأَنَّفُ الشَّهَوَاتِ (assumed tropical:) She desires of her husband, with eagerness, one thing after another, by reason of intense longing in pregnancy. (T, the Moheet, L, K. *) b2: يَتَأَنَّفُ الإِخْوَانَ (assumed tropical:) He seeks the brethren, they disdaining, or scorning, or disliking; not holding social intercourse with any one. (TA.) 8 إِاْتَنَفَ see 10.10 استأنفهُ and ↓ ائتنفهُ [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَنَفَهُ] (assumed tropical:) He took [its أَنْف, i. e.,] the first of it: (M:) he began it, or commenced it: (S, ↓ M, Msb, K: *) or i. q. اِسْتَقْبَلَهُ [which has also the latter of the two significations mentioned above, (Mgh in art. قبل,) and moreover signifies he anticipated it; and from what follows here, it seems to be probable that this last signification, as well as the other, may be meant by it in this instance]: (T, M:) namely, a thing, (M, Msb,) or an affair. (T.) You say, استأنفهُ بِوَعْدٍ (assumed tropical:) He made him a promise in anticipation; without his asking it of him. (M.) And, of a woman, اُسْتُؤْنِفَتْ بِالنِّكَاحِ أَوَّلًا (assumed tropical:) [She was just married, or bedded, for the first time]. (M.) See also أُنُفٌ, last sentence. b2: [Hence, حَرْفُ اسْتِئْنَافٍ, in grammar, An inceptive particle, placed at the commencement of a new proposition grammatically independent of that which precedes it.]

أَنْفٌ a word of well-known meaning; (Lth, T, K;) The nose; syn. مَعْطِسٌ; (Msb;) the aggregate composed of the two nostrils and the septum and the [bone called] قَصَبَة, which is the hard part of the انف; (MF;) i. q. مَنْخِرٌ [which is evidently an explanation by a synecdoche, as this word properly signifies nostril]: (M:) it pertains to man and to others: (S:) ↓ أُنْفٌ is a dial. var. of the same; (MF, TA;) and so is ↓ إِنْفٌ, which is a form used by the vulgar peculiarly: (TA:) the pl. [of pauc.] is آنُفٌ and آنَافٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and [of mult.] أُنُوفٌ. (T, S, M, Msb, K.) The dual is applied to The two nostrils; as in the saying of Muzáhim El-'Okeylee, يَسُوفُ بِأَنْفِيْهِ النِّقَاعَ [He scents with his two nostrils the dust]. (TA.) You say also, هُوَ يَتَتَبَّعُ أَنْفَهُ (tropical:) He scents, or sniffs, the odour, and follows it. (T, [in which, however, I find يَتْبَعُ in the place of يتتبّع] O, L, K, TA.) And, of a she-camel, تَرْأَمُ بِأَنْفِهِا (assumed tropical:) [She makes a show of affection with her nose, by smelling her young one; not having true love]. (S, M, K, voce مُذَائِرٌ; &c.: see also مُعَارِضٌ.) And مَاتَ حَتْفَ أَنْفِهِ (S, K, &c., in art. حتف,) and حتف أَنْفِيْهِ, (K ibid.,) (assumed tropical:) He died [a natural death,] on his bed, (K,) without being slain or beaten (S, K) or drowned or burned. (K. [See art. حتف]) And حَمِىَ أَنْفُهُ (tropical:) He became vehemently angry, or enraged; as also وَرِمَ أَنْفُهُ. (IAth. [See also art. حمي]) And رَجُلٌ حَمِىُّ الأَنْفِ (tropical:) A disdainful, or scornful, man; who disdains, or scorns, being injured. (T, K, TA. [See, again, art. حمي.]) And سَمِىُّ الأَنْفِ (assumed tropical:) [lit. Highnosed, signifies the same;] i. q. أَنْفَانُ. (T, K.) And أَنْفٌ فِي السَّمَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى المَآءِ (assumed tropical:) [A nose in the sky and a rump in the water]; a prov., applied to him who magnifies himself in words and is little in actions. (Har p. 641.) And حَعَلَ

أَنْفَهُ فِى قَفَاهُ (tropical:) [lit. He put his nose in the back of his neck]; meaning he turned away from the truth, or what was right, and betook himself to what was false, or vain: (K, TA:) expressing the utmost degree of turning away, or turning the head, from a thing. (TA.) And أَضَاعَ مَطْلَبَ

أَنْفِهِ, (M, K,) and مُوْضِعَ أَنْفِهِ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) [He neglected, or left unprotected,] the womb from which he had come forth: (Th, M:) or the فَرْج of his mother. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) And هُوَ الفَحْلُ لَا يُقْرَعُ

أَنْفُهُ, and لَا يُقْدَعُ, He is the speaker, or orator, who is not to be rebutted. (TA.) الأَسدِ أَنْفُ (assumed tropical:) [The nose of the lion] is the asterism called النَّثْرَةُ, q. v. (Kzw in his Description of the Mansions of the Moon.) b2: (assumed tropical:) [A prominent part of anything, as being likened to a nose;] the extremity of anything. (M.) [Thus,] أَنْفُ جَبَلٍ (tropical:) A prominence, or projecting part, of a mountain. (T, S, M, Msb, TA.) أَنْفُ النَّابِ, (S, M. K, TA,) in [some of] the copies of the K erroneously, البَابِ, (TA,) (tropical:) The extremity, (S, M, K, TA,) or edge, (M, TA,) of the canine tooth, or tush, when it comes forth. (S, M, K, TA.) أَنْفُ خُفِّ البَعِيرِ (assumed tropical:) The extremity of the مَنْسِم [i. e. toe, or each of the two nails of the foot,] of the camel. (T, K.) أَنْفُ اللِّحْيَةِ (tropical:) The fore part, (M, TA,) or side, (K,) of the beard. (M, K, TA.) أَنْفُ النَّعْلِ (assumed tropical:) The toe, or foremost extremity, of the sandal [also called its أَسَلَة and its ذُنَابَة]. (M.) أَنْفَا القَوْسِ (assumed tropical:) The two extremities which are in the inner sides of the two curved ends of the bow. (M.) b3: (assumed tropical:) The first, or first part, of anything; (S, M, K;) relating also to times; (M;) as also ↓ مُسْتَأْنَفٌ (M, TA.) Thus, أَنْفُ المَرْعَى (assumed tropical:) The first of the herbage, or pasture. (S, * M.) أَنْفُ المَطَرِ (assumed tropical:) The first vegetation produced by the rain. (T, K.) جَآءَ فِى أَنْفِ الخَيْلِ (tropical:) [He came among the first of the horses, or horsemen]. (TA.) سَارَ فِى أَنْفِ النَّهَارِ (tropical:) [He journeyed in the first part of the day]. (TA.) هٰذَا أَنْفُ عَمَلِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) This is the first of the things which such a one has begun to do. (T, TA.) أَنْفُ الشَّدِّ, (T, S, M,) and العَدْوِ, (M,) (assumed tropical:) The first of the run, or running: (T:) the most vehement thereof. (T, S, M, K. *) أَنْفُ البَرْدِ (assumed tropical:) The first of the cold: (T:) the most vehement thereof; (T, S, M;) so says Yaákoob. (S.) b4: (tropical:) A lord, or chief. (IAar, T, K.) You say, هُوَ أَنْفُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is the lord, or chief, of his people. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) A piece broken off of a cake of bread. (K, TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) A part of ground, or land, that is hard, and lying open, exposed to the sun. (IF, K.) أُنْفٌ: see أَنْفٌ, first sentence: A2: and see أُنُفٌ.

إِنْفٌ: see أَنْفٌ, first sentence.

أَنِفٌ A camel having a complaint of, or suffering pain in, his nose, from the بُرَة [or nose-ring]: (ISk, S, M, K:) or wounded by the nose-rein, whether it be with a خِشَاش or بُرَة (A 'Obeyd, T, M) or خِزَامَة [all of which are different kinds of nose-rings]. (A' Obeyd, T.) And consequently, Submissive, and tractable: (S, TA:) or submissive and obedient, that dislikes chiding and beating, and goes as he is able to do spontaneously and easily: (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA:) and ↓ آنِفٌ signifies the same; (A 'Obeyd, M, K;) but the former is the more correct and the more chaste: (Sgh, K:) by rule, it should be مَأْنُوفٌ, like مَصْدُورٌ, (T, S, M,) and مَبْطُونٌ. (T, S.) To such a camel, the believer is likened in a trad.; (T, S, M;) because he ceases not to complain, or suffer pain; (M;) or because he does not require to be chidden nor to be punished, but endures and performs what is incumbent on him. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA.) b2: Disdaining, or disdainful; scorning, or scornful; i. q. حَمِىُّ الأَنْفِ: and ↓ أَنْفَانُ [signifies the same;] i. q. سَمِىُّ الأَنْفِ. (T, K.) A2: See also آنِفٌ.

رَوْضَةٌ أُنُفٌ (tropical:) A meadow of new herbage, (Msb,) not pastured upon (S, Msb, K) by any one; (S;) as also ↓ مُؤْنِفٌ: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) or untrodden: contracted, by poetic licence, into ↓ أُنْفٌ, in a verse of Abu-n-Nejm. (M.) And كَلَأٌ أُنُفٌ (assumed tropical:) Herbage not pastured upon (S, M) by any one. (M.) b2: كَأْسٌ أْنُفٌ (assumed tropical:) A cup of wine not drunk: (K:) or from which one has not drunk before; as though the drinking thereof were [but just] begun; like رَوْضَةٌ أُنُفٌ: (S) or (assumed tropical:) full: and in like manner, مَنْهَلٌ أُنُفٌ (assumed tropical:) [a full watering-place]; (M;) or (tropical:) not before drunk from. (TA.) And خَمْرٌ أُنُفٌ (tropical:) Wine of which none has before been taken from its jar. (M, TA. *) b3: أَرْضٌ أُنُفٌ i. q. أَنِيغَةٌ, q. v. (M, TA.) b4: نَقِيذَةٌ أُنْفٌ (assumed tropical:) A long [as though new and undiminished] coat of mail. (L in art. نقذ, from El-Mufaddal.) b2: أَمْرٌ أُنُفٌ (assumed tropical:) An event brought to pass at the first, not being before decreed: (K, TA:) accord. to those who assert that there is no decreeing [by God]. (TA.) b3: مِشْيَةٌ أُنُفٌ (assumed tropical:) A goodly [as though novel] gait, or manner of walking. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b4: آتِيكَ مِنْ ذِى أُنُفٍ is like the phrase مِنْ ذِى قَبَلٍ; i. e., فِيمَا يُسْتَقْبَلٌ [I will come to thee in what is (now) to be begun (of time); meaning, immediately; nearly the same as آنِفًا, but relating to the nearest future time, whereas this latter relates to the nearest past time]. (S, K.) And أَفْعَلُ ذَاكَ مِنْ ذِى أُنُفٍ: i. e., ↓ فِيمَا يُسْتَأْنَفُ [I will do that in what is (now) to begun &c.]; like مِنْ ذِى عَوْضٍ. (K in art. عوض.) أَنْفَةُ الصَّلَاةِ (assumed tropical:) The beginning, or commencement, of prayer; (K;) i. e. the first saying of اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ: (TA:) accord. to a relation of a trad., in which it occurs, with damm, [أُنْفَة,] (IAth, K,) but correctly with fet-h. (Hr, IAth, K.) The ة seems to be here added to أَنْف as it is in ذَنَبَةٌ for ذَنَبٌ. (Sgh.) أَنَفَةٌ Disdain; scorn; disdainful and proud incompliance or refusal; (Msb;) indignation; and anger: (TA:) a subst. [or, accord. to the S and M and K, an inf. n.] from أَنِفَ مِنْهُ. (Msb.) أَنْفَانُ: see أَنِفٌ.

أَنْفِيَّةٌ Snuff, for the nose: but this is postclassical. (TA.) أَنُوفٌ A man very disdainful, scornful, or indignant; very disdainfully and proudly incompliant or refusing; (M;) who disdains, or scorns, exceedingly, to do ignoble deeds: (Har p. 312:) pl. أُنُفٌ. (M.) b2: A woman whose nose has a pleasant odour: (S, M, K:) or whom one likes to smell: (IAar, M:) or who disdains, scorns, abstains from, shuns, or dislikes, that in which is no good. (Ibn-'Abbád, Sgh, K.) أَنِيفٌ (assumed tropical:) A mountain which produces vegetation before other regions. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) and أَرْضٌ أَنِيفَةٌ, (T, M,) or أَنِيفَةُ النَّبْتِ, (S, K,) (assumed tropical:) Land that produces its vegetation early: (T:) or that produces vegetation quickly: (Et-Táee, ISk, S, K:) or that produces vegetation; as also ↓ أُنُفٌ. (M.) A2: Applied to iron, i. q. أَنِيثُ; i. e. Soft. (Aboo-Turáb, T, K.) أُنَافِىٌّ (with damm, K) Having a large nose; (Yaakoob, S, M, K;) applied to a man: (M, K:) similar to عُضَادِّىٌ and أُذَانِىٌّ. (TA.) آنَفُ [More, and most, disdainful, &c.]. Yousay, مَا رَأَيْتُ آنَفَ مِنْ فُلَان I have not seen any one more disdainful, or scornful, or indignant, than such a one. (S, TA.) A2: هٰذِهِ آنَفُ بِلَادِ اللّٰهِ This is the speediest, in producing vegetation, of the countries of God. (T, S, * M, * K. *) آنِفٌ: see أَنِفٌ.

A2: آنِفًا means (assumed tropical:) In the beginning, or first part, of this present time in which we are; from أَنْفٌ as meaning the “ first,” or “ first part,” of a thing: and hence what here immediately follows. (Ham p. 348.) مَا ذَا قَالَ آنِفًا, (T, S, * M, K, * &c.,) and ↓ أَنِفًا, (IAar, Bd, K, Jel,) in the Kur [xlvii. 18], (M, &c.,) means (tropical:) What was this that he said just now? (Zj, T, M, Bd, Jel:) or, a little while ago? (IAar, T, K:) i. e., in the first time near to us? (Zj, T, M:) from اِسْتَأْنَفْتُ الشَّىْءَ “ I began the thing. ” (Zj, T, M.) You say also, أَتَيْتُ فُلَانًا آنِفًا (tropical:) [I came to such a one a little while ago]; like as you say, مِنْ ذِى قِبَلٍ. (Lth, T.) And جَآءَ آنِفًا (tropical:) He came a little while ago; syn. قُبَيْلَ. (M.) and ↓ فَعَلَهُ بِآنِفَةٍ, mentioned by IAar, but not explained by him; in my opinion, [says ISd,] like فَعَلَهُ آنِفًا (tropical:) [He did it a little while ago: or just now]. (M.) And it is said in a trad., أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيَّ سُورَةٌ آنِفًا A chapter of the Kur-án has been sent down to me now. (TA.) آنِفَةٌ (tropical:) The first part of life (مَيْعَة and أَوَّلِيَّة) of a boy. (Ks, K, TA.) b2: See also آنِفٌ.

مُؤْنَفٌ: its fem., with ة, see voce مُؤَنَّفٌ.

مُؤْنِفٌ: see أُنُفٌ.

مُؤَنَّفٌ (assumed tropical:) Sharpened at its extremity; or pointed; (M, K;) applied to a spear-head, or an arrowhead, or a blade, (K,) or anything. (M.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Made even: a thong, or strap, made of a certain measure, and evenly. (M.) A2: إِبِلٌ مُؤَنَّفَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Camels with which one pursues repeatedly, or gradually, or step by step, after the first of the herbage; and so ↓ مُؤْنَفَةٌ: (M:) and the former epithet is applied to sheep or goats. (K.) b2: The former of these two epithets, applied to a woman, signifies (assumed tropical:) Just married or bedded, (الَّتِى اسْتُؤْنِفَتْ بِالنِّكَاحِ,) for the first time. (M.) مَإْنُوفٌ A camel that is urged on by [means of the rein attached to] his nose. (M.) مِئْنَافٌ (assumed tropical:) A man who begins to make use of the places of pasturing and alighting; (M;) who pastures his beasts upon the first of the herbage. (As, T, K. * [In the CK, اُنُفُ الكَلَأِ is put for أَنْفَ الكَلَأِ.]) b2: (assumed tropical:) A man (TA) journeying in the beginning, or first part, of the night: (K:) so in all the copies of the K; but correctly, as in the Moheet and the O, in the beginning, or first part, of the day. (TA.) مُؤْتَنَفٌ (assumed tropical:) [A place] from which nothing has been eaten; as also ↓ مُتَأَنِّفٌ; (K;) which latter is explained by Ibn-'Abbád as signifying a place not eaten [from] before. (TA.) b2: جَارِيَةٌ مُؤْتَنَفَةُ الشَّبَابِ (assumed tropical:) A girl [in the prime of youth;] in whom no trace of agedness appears. (Sgh, K.) مُتَأَنِّفٌ: see مُؤْتَنَفٌ.

مُسْتَأْنَفٌ: see أَنْفٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.
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انف
النف: معروف، والجمع آنف وأنوف وأناف، وفي حديث النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - لا تقم الساعة حتى تقاتلوا قوماً صغار العين ذلف الآنف - ويروى: الأنوف -، وفي حديث عائشة - رضي الله عنها -: أن أبا بكر رضي الله عنه، أوصى أن يكفن في ثوبين كانا عليه وأن يجعل معهما ثوب آخر؛ فأرادت عائشة؟ رضي الله عنها - أن تبتاع له أثواباً جدداً؛ فقال عمر - رضي الله عنه -: لا يكفن غلا فيما أوصى به؛ فقالت عائشة - رضي الله عنها -: يا عمر؛ والله ما وضعت الخطم على آنفنا؛ فبكى عمر - رضي الله عنه - وقال: كفني أباك فيما شئت. كنت عن الولاية والملك بوضع الخطم، لأن البعير إذا ملك وضع عليه الخطام، والمعنى: ما ملكت علينا أمورنا بعد فتنهانا أن نصنع ما نريد فيها.
وفي الحديث: لكل شيء أنفة وأنفة الصلاة التكبيرة الأولى. أي ابتداء وأول. وكأن التاء زيدت على أنف؛ كقولهم في الذنب: ذنبه، وقد جاء في أمثالهم: إذا أخذت بذنبة الضب أغضبته.
ويقال: هو الفحل لا يقرع أنفه ولا يقدع، أي هو خاطب لا يرد، وقد مر الشاهد عليه من الحديث في تركيب ق د ع.
ويقال: جعل أنفه في قفاه، أي أعرض عن الشيء، وفي حديث أبي بكر - رضي الله عنه -: أن فلاناً دخل عليه فنال من عمر - رضي الله عنه - وقال: لو استخلفت فلاناً، فقال أبو بكر: رضي الله عنه: لو فعلت ذلك لجعلت أنفك في قفاك ولما أخذت من أهلك حقاً. جعل الأنف في القفا عبارة عن غاية الإعراض عن الشيء ولي الرأس عنه، لأن قصارى ذلك أن يقبل بأنفه على ما وراءه، فكأنه جعل أنفه في قفاه. ومنه قولهم للمنهزم: عيناه في قفاه؛ لنظره إلى ما وراءه دائباً فرقاً من الطلب. والمراد: لأفرطت في الإعراض عن الحق؛ أو: لجعلت ديدنك الإقبال بوجهك إلى من وراءك من أقاربك مختصاً لهم ببرك ومؤثراً إياهم على غيرهم.
وأنف اللحية: طرفها: قال معقل بن خويلد الهذلي:
تُخَاصِمُ قَوْماً لا تُلَقّى جَوَابَهُمْ ... وقد أخَذَتْ من أنفِ لِحْيَتكَ اليَدُ
ويروى: " من جَنْبِ لِحْيِتَكَ " ورجل حمي الأنف: إذا كان أنفاً يأنف أن يضام، قال عامر بن فهيرة - رضي الله عنه - في مرضه وعادته عائشة - رضي الله عنها - وقالت له: كيف تجدك:
لقد وَجَدْتُ المَوْتَ قبل ذَوْقِهِ ... والمَرْءُ يأتي حتْفُهُ من فَوْقِهِ
كُلُّ امرئٍ مُجَاهِدٌ بِطَوْقِهِ ... كالثَّوْرِ يَحْمي أنْفَهُ بِروْقِهِ وأنف كل شيء: أوله، ويقال: هذا أنف الشد: أي أول العدو.
وأنف البرد: أشده، وقيل: أوله. وأنف المطر: أول ما أنبت، قال امرؤ القيس:
قد غَدا يَحْمِلُني في انْفِهِ ... لاحِقُ الاطْلَيْنِ مَحْبُوكٌ مُمَرْ
وهذا أنف عمل فلان: أي أول ما أخذ فيه.
وأنف خف البعير: طرف منسمه.
وقال أبن السكيت: أنف الجبل: نادر يشخص منه، قال:
خُذا أنْفَ هَرْشى أوقَفاها فإنَّهُ ... كِلا جانَبِيْ هَرْشى لَهُنَّ طَريقُ
وقال أبن فارس: أنف الأرض: ما أستقبل الشمس من الجلد والضواحي.
وقال غيره: ما أطعمني إلا أنف الرَّغيف: أي كسرة منه.
وأنف الناب: طرفه حين يطلع.
والعرب تقول لسمي الأنف: الأنفان، قال مزاحم العقيلي:
يَسُوْفُ بأنْفَيْهِ النِّقَاعَ كأنَّه ... عن الرَّوْضِ من النَّشَاطِ كَعِيْمُ
ويقال: أفلان يتبع أنفه: إذا كان يتشمم الرائحة فيتبعها.
وذو الأنف: هو النعمان بن عبد الله بن جابر بن وهب بن الأقيصر بن مالك بن قحافة بن عامر بن ربيعة بن عامر بن سعد بن مالك بن نسر بن وهب الله من شهران بن عفرس بن حلف بن أفتل - وهو خثعم - بن أنمار بن إراش بن عمر وبن الغوث بن نبت بن مالك بن زيد بن كهلان بن سبأ بن يشجب بن يعرب بن قحطان بن عابر، الخثعمي، قاد خيل خثعم إلى النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - يوم الطائف وكانوا مع ثقيف، وهو بيت خثعم.
وقال أبن العرابي: النف: السيد.
وانف: ثنية، قال أبو خراش الهذلي وقد نهشه حية:
لقد أهْلَكْتِ حَيَّةَ بَطْنِ أنْفٍ ... على الأصْحاب ساقاً ذاة فقد
ويروى: " بَطْنِ وادٍ ". وقال أيضاً:
لقد أهْلَكْتِ حَيَّةَ بَطْنِ أنفٍ ... على الإخوان ساقاً ذاةَ فَضْلِ
وأنف الناقة: لقب جعفر بن قريع بن عوف بن كعب، وكانوا يغضبون إذا قيل لهم: بنو أنف الناقة. وإنما لقب بذلك بذلك لأن قريعاً نحو جزوراً فقسمها بين نسائه، فبعثت جعفراً هذا أمة - وهي الشموس - من بني وائلٍ ثم من سعد هذيم فأتى أباه وقد قسم الجزور فلم يبق إلا رأسها وعنقها؛ فقال: شأنك بهذا؛ فأدخل يده في أنفها وجعل يجرها، فلقب أنف الناقة، فكانوا يغضبون من ذلك، فلما مدحهم الحطيئة بقوله:
قَوْمٌ هُمُ الأنْفُ والأذْنابُ غيرُهُمُ ... ومَنْ يُسَوِّي بأنَفِ النّاقةِ الذَّنَبا
صار الَّلقب مدحاً لهم. والنسبة إليهم أنفي.
وقال أبن عباد: أضاع مطلب أنفه؛ قيل: فرج أمِّه.
وأنفته أنفاً: ضربت انفه؛ آنفه وآنفه.
ورجل أنافي - بالضم -: عظيم الأنف.
وامرأة أنوف: تأنف مما لا خير فيه، والطيبة ريح النف أيضاً.
وأنفه الماء: بلغ أنفه، وذلك إذا نزل في النهر.
وروضة أنف - بضمتين -: - إذا لم يرعها أحد - وفي حديث أبي مسلم الخولاني أنه أتي معاوية - رضي الله عنه -: فقال: السلام عليك أيها الأجير؛ إنه ليس من أجير استرعي رعية إلا ومستأجره سائله عنها، فإن كان داوى مرضاها وجبر كسراها وهنا جرباها ورد أولاها على أخراه ووضعها في أنف من الكلأ وصفو من الماء؛ وفاه أجره.
وكذلك كاس انف، قال لقيط بن زرارة:
إنَّ الشَّوَاءَ والنَّشِيْلَ والرُّغُفُ ... والقَيْنَةَ الحَسْنَاءَ والكأس الأُنف
وصِفْوَةَ القِدْرِ وتَعْجِيْلَ الكَتِفْ ... للطّاعِنينَ الخَيلَ والخَيْلُ قُطُفْ
وأمر أنفف: مستأنف لم يسبق به قدر، ومنه حديث يحيى بن يعمر أنه قال لعبد الله لن عمر - رضي الله عنهما -: أبا عبد الرحمن إنه قد ظهر قبلنا أناس يقرءون القرآن ويتقفرون العلم وإنهم يزعمون أن لا قدر وإن الأمر أنف، فقال: إذا لقيت أولئك فأخبرهم أني منهم بريء وانهم براءة مني.
وقال أبن الأعرابي في قوله تعالى:) ماذا قال آنَفاً (أي مذ ساعة، وقال الزجاج: نزلت الآية في المنافقين كانوا يستمعون خطبــة رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - فإذا خرجوا سألوا أصحابه - رضي الله عنهم - استهزاء وأعلاماً انهم لم يلتفتوا إلى ما قال فقالوا: ماذا قال آنفا؛ أي ماذا قال الساعة؛ أي في أول وقت يقرب منا.
وأنفت الإبل أنفاً: إذا وطئت كلا أنفاً.
وقال الطائي: أرض أنيقة النبت: إذا أسرعت النبات، وتلك أرض آنف بلاد الله.
ويقال: آتيك من ذي أنف؛ كما تقول من ذي قبل: أي فيما يستقبل.
وقال أبن عباد: الأنف: المشية الحسنة. وقال الكسائي: آنفه الصبا - بالمد - ميعته وأوليته، قال كثير:
عَذَرْتُكَ في سَلْمَى بآنِفَةِ الصِّبَا ... ومَيْعَتِهِ إذْ تَزْدهِيْكَ ظلالها
وقال أبن عباد: جبل أنيف: ينبت قبل سائر البلاد.
ورجل مئناف: أي سائر في أول النهار.
وقال الأصمعي: رجل مئناف: يرعى ماله أنف الكلأ.
وانف من الشيء - بالكسر - يأنف أنفاً وأنفة: أي استنكف، ويقال: ما رأيت آنف من فلان.
وأنف البعير - أيضاً -: إذا اشتكى أنفه من البرة؛ فهو أنف - بالقصر -؛ عن أبن السكيت، ومنه حديث النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم -: المؤمنون هينون لينون كالجمل الأنف إن قيد انقاد وإن أنيخ على صخرة استناخ.
وقال أبو عبيده: كان الصل في هذا أن يقال مأنوف؛ لأنه مفعول به؛ كما قالوا مصدور للذي يشتكي صدره ومبطون للذي يشتكي بطنه، وجميع ما في الجسد على هذا، ولكن هذا الحرف جاء شاذاً عنهم.
ويقال - أيضاً -: جمل آنف - بالمد -، والأول أصح وأفصح.
وأنيف - مصغراً - من الصحابة - رضي الله عنهم -: ثلاثة: أنيف بن جشم؛ وأنيف بن ملة اليمامي؛ وأنيف بن واثلة - رضي الله عنهم -.
وقريط بن أنيف: شاعر.
وأنيف فرع: موضع، قال عبد الله بن سلمة - ويقال: أبن سليمة - العبدي يذكر جنوب بنت أبي وفاء:
ولم أرَ مِثْلَها بأنَيْفِ فَرْعٍ ... عَلَيَّ إذَنْ مُذَرَّعَةٌ خَضِيْبُ
أي بدنه.
وقال أبن عباد: أنفت المرأة - بالكسر - تأنف: إذا حملت فلم تشته شيئاً.
وأنفت الرجل: حملته على الأنفة.
وأنفت الإبل: إذا تتبعت بها أنف المرعى.
وقيل في قول ذي الرمة يصف إبلاً:
رَعَتْ بارِضَ البُهْمَى جَمِيمَاً وبُسْرَةً ... وصَمْعاءَ حتّى آنَفَتْها نِصالُهَا
أي أصاب شوك البهمي أنوف الإبل فأوجعها حين دخل أنوفها، وقيل: جعلتها تشتكي أنوفها، وقيل: تكرهها.
ويقال: أنفته: أي جعلته يشتكي أنفه.
وقال أبن عباد: انفه الماء: بلغ انفه؛ مثل أنفه - بالقصر -.
قال: والمؤنف: الذي لم يرعه أحدٌ؛ مثل النف.
وانف أمره: إذا أعجله.
وأنفت مالي تأنيفاً: إذا رعيتها الكلأ النف، وقال أبن عباد: التأنيف: طلب الكلأ؛ وغنم مؤنفة، قال إبراهيم بن علي بن محمد بن سلمة بن عامر بن هرمة:
لَسْتُ بذي ثَلَّةٍ مُؤنَّفَةٍ ... آقِطُ ألْبانَها وأسْلَؤها
ونصل مؤنف: أي محدد؛ قد أنف تأنيفاً، وأنشد أبن فارس.
بكُلِّ هَتُوْفٍ عَجْسُها رَضَوِيَّةٍ ... وسَهْمٍ كَسَيْفِ الحمْيريِّ المُؤنَّفِ
وهو في العرقوب: تحديد غيره على الأنفة؛ كالمؤنف.
والاستئناف والائتناف: الابتداء، يقال: استأنف العمل وائتنفه.
والمؤتنف: الذي لم يؤكل منه شيء. وجارية مؤتنفة الشباب: مقتبلته.
وقال أبن عباد: المتأنف من الأماكن: لم يؤكل قبله.
ويقال للمرأة إذا حملت فاشتد وحمها وتشهت على أهلها الشيء بعد الشيء: إنها لتتأنف الشهوات.
والتركيب يدل على أخذ الشيء من أولى وعلى أنف كل ذي أنف.
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Entries related to the term الف from Arabic dictionaries:

الف

[الف] نه فيه: علمت قريش أن أول من أخذ لها "الإيلاف" لهاشم، الإيلاف العهد والذمام، كان هاشم بن عبد مناف أخذه من الملوك لقريش. غ: "لإيلاف" قريش أي أعجبوا لإيلافهم، أو فليعبدوا لإيلافهم رحلة الشتاء والصيف للامتياز، وكانوا إذا عرض لهم عارض قالوا: نحن أهل حرم الله فلا يتعرض لهم. نه: أعطى رجالاً "أتألفهم" التألف المداراة والإيناس ليثبتوا على الإسلام رغبة فيألم تر كيف ثلاثون.

الف

1 أَلِفَهُ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِلُفٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and أَلْفٌ (K) and إِلَافٌ and وِلَافٌ, which is anomalous, and أَلَفَانٌ, (M, TA,) He kept, or clave, to it; (A'Obeyd, T, M, Msb, * TA;) namely, a thing, (A'Obeyd, T, M, TA,) or a place; (S, Msb, TA;) as also أَلَفَهُ, aor. ـِ (TA;) and ↓ آلفهُ, (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, Msb,) aor. ـْ (S, TA,) inf. n. إِيلَافٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and ↓ آلفهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. مُؤَالَفَةٌ and إِلَافٌ: (S, Msb, TA:) [he frequented it, or resorted to it habitually; namely, a place:] he became familiar with it; or accustomed, or habituated, to it; namely, a thing: (Az, T:) he became familiar, sociable, companionable, friendly, or amicable, with him: (Az, T, Msb:) he loved, or affected, him; liked, approved, or took pleasure in, him. (Msb.) You say, أَلِفَتِ الطَّيْرُ الحَرَمَ [The birds kept to the sacred territory], and البُيُوتَ [the houses]: and الظِّبَآءُ الرَّمْلِ ↓ آلَفَتِ The gazelles kept to the sands. (T.) b2: There are three manners of reading the passage in the Kur [evi. 1 and 2], CCC قُرَيْشٍ إِيلَافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتَآءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ ↓ لِإِيلَافِ; the second and third being لِإِلَافِ and لِإِلْفِ; the first and second of which have been adopted; (Aboo-Is-hák, T, TA;) and the third also; this being the reading of the Prophet [himself]: (TA:) [accord. to all these readings, the passage may be rendered, For the keeping of Kureysh, for their keeping to the journey of the winter and of the summer, or spring; the chapter going on to say, for this reason "let them worship the Lord of this House," &c. : or] the second and third readings are from أَلِفَ, aor. ـْ [and accord. to these readings, the passage may be rendered as above;] but accord. to the first reading, the meaning is, for the preparing and fitting out [&c.; i. e., preparing and fitting out men and beasts in the journey of the winter &c.]: so says IAmb; and Fr explains in the same manner the third reading: but IAar says that, accord. to this reading, the meaning is, the protecting [&c.]: he says that the persons who protected were four brothers, Háshim and 'Abd-Shems and El-Muttalib and Nowfal, the sons of 'Abd-Menáf: these gave protection to Kureysh in their procuring of corn: (T:) Háshim obtained a grant of security from the king of the Greeks, and Nowfal from Kisrà, and 'Abd-Shems from the Nejáshee, and ElMuttalib from the kings of Himyer; and the merchants of Kureysh used to go to and from the great towns of these kings with the grants of security of these brothers, and none opposed them: Háshim used to give protection (يُؤْلِفُ [in the copies of the K يُؤَلِّفُ]) [to those journeying] to Syria, and 'Abd-Shems to Abyssinia, and ElMuttalib to El-Yemen, and Nowfal to Persia: (T, K: *) or ↓ إِيلَاف in the Kur signifies a covenant, or an obligation; and what resembles permission, (إِجَازَة, as in some copies of the K and in the TA,) or protection, (إِجَارَة, as in the CK,) with an obligation involving responsibility for safety; first obtained by Háshim, from the kings of Syria; (K, * TA;) and the explanation is, that Kureysh were dwelling in the sacred territory, (K,) having neither seed-produce nor udders [to yield them milk], (TA,) secure in the procuring of their provisions from other parts, and in their changes of place, in winter and summer, or spring; the people around them having their property seized; whereas, when any cause of mischief occurred to them, they said, "We are people of the sacred territory," and then no one opposed them: (K:) so in the O: (TA:) or the ل is to denote wonder; and the meaning is, wonder ye at the ايلاف of Kureysh [&c.]: (K:) some say that the meaning is connected with what follows; i. e., let them worship the Lord of this House for the ايلاف [&c., agreeably with the first explanation which we have given]: others, that it is connected with what precedes; as J says; (TA;) the meaning being, I have destroyed the masters of the elephant to make Kureysh remain at Mekkeh, and for their uniting the journey of the winter and of the summer, or spring; that when they finished one, they should commence the other; (T, S;) and this is like the saying, ضَرَبْتُهُ لِكَذَا ضَرَبْتُهُ لِكَذَا لِكَذَا, with suppression of the [conjunctive] و: (S:) but Ibn-'Arafeh disapproves of this, for two reasons: first, because the phrase "In the name of God" &c. occurs between the two chapters: [Bd, however, mentions that in Ubeí's copy, the two compose one chapter:] secondly, because ايلاف signifies the covenants, or obligations, which they obtained when they went forth on mercantile expeditions, and whereby they became secure. (TA.) ↓ إِلَافٌ [in like manner] signifies A writing of security, written by the king for people, that they may be secure in his territory: and is used by Musáwir Ibn-Hind in the sense of اِيتِلَافٌ [as is also إِلْفٌ,] when he says, in satirizing Benoo-Asad, زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّ إِخْوَتَكُمْ قُرَيْشٌ لَهُمْ إِلْفٌ وَ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَافُ meaning Ye asserted [that your brothers are Kureysh; i. e.,] that ye are like Kureysh: but how should ye be like them? for they have [an alliance whereby they are protected in] the trade of El-Yemen and Syria; and ye have not that [alliance]. (Ham p. 636.) [Hence,] إِلَافُ اللّٰهِ [a phrase used in the manner of an oath,] accord. to some, signifies The safeguard, or protection, of God: or, accord. to others, an honourable station from God. (TA.) A2: أَلَفَهُ, aor. ـِ He gave him a thousand; (S, K) of articles of property, and of camels. (TA.) 2 الّف بَيْنَهُمْ, inf. n. تَأْلِيفٌ, (T, Msb, K,) He united them, or brought them together, (T, Msb, TA,) after separation; (T, TA;) and made them to love one another; (Msb;) he caused union, or companionship, (أُلْفَة,) to take place between them. (K.) And أَلَّفْتُ بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ, inf. n. as above, [I united, or put together, the two things.] (S.) and ألّف الشَّىْءَ He united, or connected, (T,) or gathered or collected or brought together, (M,) the several parts of the thing. (T, M.) b2: Hence, تَأْلِيفُ الكُتُبِ [The composition of books]. (T, TA.) b3: تَأْلِيفٌ is The putting many things into such a state that one name becomes applicable to them, whether there be to some of the parts a relation to others by precedence and sequence, or not: so that it is a more general term than تَرْتِيبٌ: (KT:) or the collecting together, or putting together, suitable things; from الالفة [i. e. الأُلْفَةُ]; and is a more particular term than تَرْكِيبٌ, which is the putting together things, whether suitable or not, or placed in order or not. (Kull p. 118.) A2: أَلَّفُوا إِلَى كَذَا: see 5.

A3: ألّف أَلِفًا He wrote an alif; (K;) like as one says جَيَّمَ جِيمًا. (TA.) A4: See also 4, in three places.3 آلفهُ: see 1, first sentence.

A2: آلف, (M, TA,) inf. n. مُؤَالَفَةٌ, (TA,) [app., He made a covenant with another to be protected during a journey for the purpose of trade, or traffic: (see 1:) and hence,] he (a man) traded, or trafficked. (M, TA.) A3: شَاَرَةٌ مُؤَالَفَةً He made a condition with him for a thousand: (IAar, M:) like as one says, شَارَطْتُهُ مُمَا آةً, meaning, for a hundred. (IAar, M, K, in art. مأى.) 4 آلفهُ, inf. n. إِيلَافٌ: see 1, in three places.

A2: آلفهُ الشَّىْءَ, (T, M,) or المَوْضِعَ, (S,) or مَكَانَ كَذَا, (K,) inf. n. as above, (T,) He made him to keep, or cleave, to the thing, or to the place, or to such a place. (T, S, * M, K. *) b2: آلَفْتُ الشَّىْءَ I joined, conjoined or united, the thing. (T.) A3: آلَفْتُ القَوْمَ, (T, * S, K, *) inf. n. as above, (S,) I made the people, or company of men, to be a thousand complete [by adding to them myself]; (T, S, K, TA;) they being before nine hundred and ninety-nine. (T, TA.) And آلف العَدَدَ He made the number to be a thousand; as also ↓ أَلَّفَهُ: (M:) or الأَلْفَ ↓ ألّف he completed the thousand. (K.) And in like manner, (S,) آلَفْتُ الدَّرَاهِمَ I made the dirhems to be a thousand (S, K) complete. (S.) And لَهُمُ الأَعْمَارَ ↓ أَلَّفُو They said to them, May you live a thousand years. (A in art. عمر.) A4: آلَفُوا They became a thousand (T, S, M) complete. (S.) And آلَفَتِ الدَّارَهِمُ The dirhems became a thousand (S K) complete. (S.) 5 تألّف القَوْمُ, (Msb, K,) and ↓ ائْتَلَفُوا [written with the disjunctive alif اِيْتَلَفُوا], (T, K,) The people, or party, became united, or came together, (Msb, K,) [after separation, (see 2, of which each is said in the TA to be quasi-pass.,)] and loved one another: (Msb:) or the meaning of ↓ ائْتِلَافٌ [and تَأَلُّفٌ also] is the being in a state of union, alliance, agreement, congruity, or congregation: (Msb:) and the being familiar, sociable, companionable, friendly, or amicable, one with another. (TA.) And تَأَلَّفَا is said of two things; [meaning They became united, or put together; (see 2;)] as also ↓ ائتلفا. (S.) And الشَّىْءُ ↓ ائتلف signifies The several parts of the thing kept, or clave, together. (M.) And تألّف It became put together in order. (M.) b2: تألّفوا They sought, desired, or asked, [a covenant to ensure them] protection, (IAar, T, M,) إِلَى كَذَا [meaning in a journey for the purpose of trade, or traffic, to such a place, as is shown in the T by an explanation of the words of IAar, كَانَ هَاشِمٌ يُؤْلِفُ إِلَى الشَّامِ, in a passage in which the foregoing signification is assigned to تألّفوا]; (M;) as also الى كذا ↓ أَلَّفُوا. (M.) A2: تألّفهُ He treated him with gentleness or blandishment, coaxed him, or wheedled him; (K;) behaved in a sociable, friendly, or familiar, manner with him; (TA;) attracted him, or allured him; and gave him a gift, or gifts; (T, K; *) in order to incline him to him: (K:) or he affected sociableness, friendliness, or familiarity, with him. (Mgh.) You say, تَأَلَّفْتُهُ عَلَى الإِسْلَامِ [I attracted him, or allured him; and gave him a gift, or gifts, in order to incline him; to embrace ElIslám]. (S.) 8 إِاْتَلَفَ see 5, in four places.

أَلْفٌ, meaning A certain number, (S, M, K,) well known, (M,) i. e. a certain round number, (Msb,) [namely a thousand,] is of the masc. gender: (T, S, Msb, K:) you say ثَلَاثَةُ آلَافٍ

[Three thousand], not ثَلَاثَ آلَافٍ; (TA;) and هٰذَا أَلْفٌ وَاحِدٌ [This is one thousand], not وَاحِدَةٌ; (S;) and أَلْفٌ أَقْرَعُ, [A complete thousand], (T, S,) not قَرْعَآءُ: (S:) it is not allowable to make it fem.: so say IAmb and others: (Msb:) or it is allowable to make it fem. as being a pl.: (T:) or, accord. to ISK, it is allowable to say, هٰذِهِ أَلْفٌ as meaning هٰذِهِ الدَّرَاهِمُ أَلْفٌ [These dirhems are a thousand]; (S, K; *) and Fr and Zj say the like: (Msb:) the pl. is آلُفٌ, applied to three, (M,) and آلَافٌ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) applied to a number from three to ten, inclusively, (TA,) and أُلُوفٌ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) used to denote more than ten; (T;) and الأَافُ [in the TA الأَلَفُ] is used by poetic licence for الآلَافُ, by suppression of the [radical] ل (M.) إِلْفٌ [originally an inf. n. of أَلِفَهُ, q. v.,] He with whom one is familiar, sociable, companionable, friendly, or amicable; he to whom one keeps or cleaves; [a constant companion or associate; a mate; a fellow; a yoke-fellow; one who is familiar, &c., with another or others; (see مُؤَلَّفٌ;)] (M;) i. q. ↓ أَلِيفٌ; (T, S, M, K;) which is an act. part. n. of أَلِفَهُ; (Msb;) as is also ↓ آلِفٌ; (Msb, K;) and ↓ أَلِفٌ also is syn. with أَلِيفٌ: (K:) the female is termed إِلْفَةٌ and إِلْفٌ; (M;) both of these signifying a woman with whom thou art familiar, &c., and who is familiar, &c., with thee: (K:) and the fem. of ↓ آلِفٌ is آلِفَةٌ: (K:) the pl. of إِلْفٌ is آلَافٌ; (T, M;) which is also pl. of ↓ أَلِفٌ: (TA:) and that of ↓ أَلِيفٌ is أَلَائِفُ (S, K, TA) and أُلَفَآءُ: (M, TA:) and that of ↓ آلِفٌ is أُلَّافٌ (T, S, Msb, K) and آلَافٌ, like as أَنْصَارٌ is pl. of نَاصِرٌ, (TA,) and so, (M, TA,) in my opinion, [says ISd,] (M,) is أُلُوفٌ, like as شُهُودٌ is pl. of شَاهِدٌ, (M, TA,) though some say that it is pl. of إِلْفٌ: (M:) and the pl. of ↓ آلِفَةٌ is أَوَالِفُ and آلِفَاتٌ. (K.) You say, فثلَانٌ إِلْفِى and ↓ أَلِيفِى

[Such a one is my constant companion or associate, &c.] (T.) And حَنَّتِ الإِلْفُ إِلَى إِلْفِ [The female mate yearned towards the mate]. (S.) And نَزَعَ البَعِيرُ إِلَى آلَافِهِ [The camel yearned towards his mates]. (T.) أُلَّافٌ, (T,) or آلَافٌ (TA,) is said by IAar to mean Persons who keep to the large towns, or cities. (T, TA.) أُلُوفٌ in the Kur ii. 244 is said by some to be pl. of إِلْفٌ or of ↓ آلِفٌ: but by others, to signify "thousands." (Bd, L, TA.) الطَّيْرِ ↓ أَوَالِفُ signifies The birds that keep to Mekkeh and the sacred territory: and الحَمَامِ ↓ أَوَالِفُ Domestic pigeons. (T.) أَلِفٌ: see إِلْفٌ, in two places. b2: As some say, (O,) it also signifies A man having no wife. (O, K.) A2: One of the letters of the alphabet; (M;) the first thereof; (K;) as also ↓ أَلِيفٌ: (M:) Ks says that, accord. to the usage of the Arabs, it is fem., and so are all the other letters of the alphabet; [and hence its pl. is أَلِفَاتٌ;] but it is allowable to make it masc.: Sb says that every one of them is masc. and fem., like as is لِسَانٌ. (M.) See art. ا. b2: (tropical:) A certain vein lying in the interior of the upper arm, [extending] to the fore arm: (K, TA:) so called as being likened to an ا: (TA:) the two are called الأَلِفَانِ. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) One of any kind of things: (K, TA:) as being likened to the ا; for it denotes the number one. (TA.) أُلْفَةٌ A state of keeping or cleaving [to a person or thing]: (M:) a state of union, alliance, agreement, congruity, or congregation; (Msb;) a subst. from الاِئْتِلَافُ: (Msb, K, TA:) and, as such, (TA,) signifying also familiarity, sociableness, socialness, companionableness, friendliness, fellowship, companionship, friendship, and amity. (Msb, TA. *) أَلْفِىٌّ Of, or relating to, or belonging to, the number termed أَلْفٌ [a thousand]. (TA.) قَامَةٌ أَلِفِيَّةٌ A stature resembling the letter alif. Often occurring in late works.]

إِلَافٌ an inf. n. of أَلِفَهُ: and used as a subst.: see 1. b2: بَرْقٌ إِلَافٌ Lightning of which the flashes are consecutive or continuous. (TA.) أَلُوفٌ Having much أُلْفَةٌ [meaning familiarity, sociableness, &c.]: pl. أُلُفٌ. (K.) أَلِيفٌ: see إِلْفٌ, in three places: A2: and see أَلِفٌ.

آلِفٌ and آلِفَةٌ; and أَوَالِفُ, the pl. of the latter: see إِلْفٌ, in seven places.

إِيْلَافٌ an inf. n.: and used as a subst.: see 1.

مَأْلَفٌ [An accustomed place;] a place to which a man keeps or cleaves; [which he frequents, or to which he habitually resorts;] with which he is familiar, or to which he is accustomed; (Msb;) a place with which men or camels [or birds and the like] are familiar, &c. (K, * TA.) b2: and hence, Leafy trees to which animals of the chase draw near. (Az, K.) مؤلفون, with fet-h, [i. e. مُؤْلَفُونَ or ↓ مُؤَلَّفُونَ,] Possessors of thousands; or men whose camels have become, to each, a thousand. (TA.) مُؤَلَّفٌ and ↓ مَأْلُوفٌ Kept to, or clove to; applied to a thing [and to a person; and meaning when applied to the latter, with whom one is familiar, sociable, &c.]. (T.) It is said in a trad., المُؤْمِنُ

↓ إِلْفٌ مَأْلُوفٌ [The believer is one who is familiar, or sociable, &c., with others, and with whom others are familiar, &c.]. (TA.) b2: المُؤَلَّفَةُ قُلُوبُهُمْ Those whose hearts are made to incline, or are conciliated, by beneficence and love or affection: (S, * Msb:) as used in the Kur [ix. 60], it is applied to certain chief persons of the Arabs, whom the Prophet was commanded to attract, or allure, and to present with gifts, (T, K,) from the poor-rates, (TA,) in order that they might make those after them desirous of becoming Muslims, (T, K,) and lest care for things which they deemed sacred, or inviolable, together with the weakness of their intentions, should induce them to combine in hostility with the unbelievers against the Muslims; for which purpose, he gave them, on the day of Honeyn, eighty [in the TA two hundred] camels: (T:) they were certain men of eminence, of the Arabs, to whom the Prophet used to give gifts from the poor-rates; to some of them, to prevent their acting injuriously; and to some, from a desire of their becoming Muslims, (Mgh, Msb,) and their followers also; (Msb;) and to some, in order that they might remain stedfast as Muslims, because of their having recently become such; but when Aboo-Bekr became appointed to the government, he forbade this practice. (Mgh, Msb.) A2: أَلْفٌ مُؤَلَّفَةٌ [These are a thousand] made complete. (S.) b2: See also مؤلفون.

مُؤَلِّفٌ A composer of a book or books; an author.]

مَأْلُوفٌ: see مُؤَلَّفٌ, in two places.
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Entries related to the term امن from Arabic dictionaries:

امن

امن

1 أَمِنَ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـَ (T, Msb, K,) inf. n. أَمْنٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and إِمْنٌ (Zj, M, K) and أَمَنٌ (M, K) and أَمَنَةٌ (T, S, M, K) and إِمْنَةٌ (T) and أَمَانٌ (M, K) [and app. أَمَانَةٌ, for it is said in the S that this is syn. with أَمَانٌ,] and آمنٌ, an instance of an inf. n. of the measure فَاعِلٌ, which is strange, (MF,) or this is a subst. like فَالِجٌ, (M,) He was, or became, or felt, secure, safe, or in a state of security or safety; originally, he was, or became, quiet, or tranquil, in heart, or mind; (Msb;) he was, or became, secure, or free from fear; أَمْنٌ signifying the contr. of خَوْفٌ, (S, M, K,) and so أَمَنَةٌ (S) and آمِنٌ [&c.]: (M, K:) he was, or became, or felt, free from expectation of evil, or of an object of dislike or hatred, in the coming time; originally, he was, or became, easy in mind, and free from fear. (El-Munáwee, TA.) [See أَمْنٌ, below.] You say also, يَإْمَنُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ [He is secure, or safe, or free from fear, for himself]. (M.) And أَمِنَ البَلَدُ, meaning The inhabitants of the country or district, or town, were in a state of security, or confidence, therein. (Msb.) The verb is trans. by itself, and by means of the particle مِنْ; as in أَمَنَ زَيْدٌ الأَسَدَ and أَمِنَ مِنَ الأَسَدِ, meaning Zeyd was, or became, or felt, secure from, safe from, [or free from fear of,] the lion. (Msb.) You say also, أَمِنَ كَذِبَ مَنْ

أَخْبَرَهُ [He was secure from, or free from fear of, the lying of him who informed him]. (M.) And لَا آنَنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذلِكَ [I am not free from fear of its being so; I am not sure but that it may be so]. (Mgh in art. نبذ; and other lexicons passim.) And, of a strong-made she camel, أَمِنَتْ

أَنْ تَكُونَ ضَعَيفَةً [She was secure from, or free from fear of, being weak]: (M: [in a copy of the S أُمِنَتْ:]) and أَمِنَتِ العِثَارَ وَالإَعْيَآءٍ [ She was secure from, or free from fear of, stumbling, and becoming jaded]: (M:) and أُمِنَ عِثَارُهَا [Her stumbling was not feared]. (So in a copy of the S.) And, of a highly-prized camel, أُمِنَ أَنْ يُنْحَرَ [It was not feared that he would be slaughtered; or his being slaughtered was not feared]. (M.) [أَمنَهُ sometimes means He was, or became, free from fear, though having cause for fear, of him, or it. i. e. he thought himself secure, or safe, from him or it. (See Kur vii. 97.)] b2: أمِنَهُ (inf. n. أَمْنٌ TK) [and accord. to some copies of the K ↓ آمَنَهُ] and ↓ أمّنهُ (inf. n. تَأْمِينٌ K) and ↓ ائتمنهُ ([written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَمَنَهُ, and] also written اِتَّمَنَهُ, on the authority of Th, which is extr., like اِتَّهَلَ [&c.], M) and ↓ استأمنهُ all signify the same (M, K, TA) [He trusted, or confided, in him; (as also آمن بِهِ, q. v.;) he intrusted him with, or confided to him, power, authority, control, or a charge; he gave him charge over a thing or person: these meanings are vaguely indicated in the M and K and TA.]. You say, يَأْمَنُهُ النَّاسُ وَلَا يَخَافُونَ غَائِلَتَهُ [Men, or people, trust, or confide, in him, and do not fear his malevolence, or mischievousness]. (T, M.) and أَمِنَهُ عَلَى كَذَا (S, Mgh, * Msb *) and ↓ ائتمنهُ عَلَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) [He trusted, or confided, in him with respect to such a thing; he intrusted him with, or confided to him, power, authority, control, or a charge, over it; he gave him charge over it;] he made him, or took him as, أَمِين over such a thing. (Mgh.) Hence, in a trad., the مُؤَذِّن is said to be مُؤْتَمَنٌ; i. e. النَّاسُ عَلَ الأَوْقَاتِ الَّتِى يُؤَذَّنُ فِيهَا ↓ يَأْتَمِنُهُ [Men trust, or confide, in him with respect to the times in which he calls to prayer], and know, by his calling to prayer, what they are commanded to do, as to praying and fasting and breaking fast. (Mgh.) It is said in the Kur [xii. 11], مَا لَكَ لَا تَأْمَنُنَا عَلَى يُوسُفَ and [تَأْمَنَّا] with idghám [i. e. What aileth thee that thou dost not trust, or confide, in us with respect to Joseph? or, that thou dost not give us charge over Joseph?]; (S;) meaning, why dost thou fear us for him? (Bd;) some pronouncing the verb in a manner between those of the former and the latter modes of writing it; but Akh says that the latter is better: (S:) some read تِيمَنَّا. (Bd.) You say also, ↓ اُوتُمِنَ فُلَانٌ [Such a one was trusted, or confided, in &c.;] when it begins a sentence, changing the second ء into و; in like manner as you change it into ى when the first is with kesr, as in اِيتَمَنَهُ; and into ا when the first is with fet-h, as in آمَنَ. (S.) The phrase أَمَانَةً ↓ اُوتُمِنَ, in a saying of Mohammad, if it be not correctly عَلَى أَمَانَةٍ, may be explained as implying the meaning of اُسْتُحْفِظَ أَمَانَةً [He was asked to take care of a deposite; or he was intrusted with it]. (Mgh.) [You also say, أَمِنَهُ بِكَذَا, meaning He intrusted him with such a thing; as, for instance, money or other property: see two exs. in the Kur iii. 68.]

A2: أَمُنَ, (M, Mgh, K,) or أَمِنَ, (Msb,) inf. n. أَمَانَةٌ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) He was, or became, trusted in, or confided in: (M, K:) or he was, or became, trusty, trustworthy, trustful, confidential, or faithful: said of a man. (Mgh.) 2 أمّنهُ, inf. n. تَأْمِينٌ: see 4: b2: and see also أَمِنَهُ.

A2: أمّن, inf. n. as above, also signifies He said آمِينَ or أَمِينَ, (T, S, Msb,) after finishing the Fátihah, (T,) or عَلَي الدُّعَآءِ on the occasion of the prayer, or supplication. (Msb.) 4 آمَنَ is originally أَأْمَنَ; the second ء being softened. (S.) You say, آمنهُ, [inf. n. إِيمَانٌ;] (S, M, Msb;) and ↓ أمّنهُ, [inf. n. تَأْمِينٌ;] (M, TA;) meaning He rendered him secure, or safe; (Msb;) he rendered him secure, or free from fear; (S, M, TA;) contr. of أَخَافهُ: (TA:) so in آمَنْتُهُ مِنْهُ I rendered him secure, or safe, from him, or it. (Msb.) And of God you say, آمَنَ عِبادَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَظْلِمَهُمْ [He hath rendered his servants secure from his wronging them]. (S.) And يُؤْمِنُ عِبَادَهُ مِنْ عَذَابِهِ [ He rendereth his servants secure from his punishment]. (M.) You say also, آمَنْتُ الأَسِيرَ, meaning I gave, or granted, الأَمَان [i. e. security or safety, or protection or safeguard, or the promise or assurance of security or safety, or indemnity, or quarter,] to the captive. (Msb.) And آمَنَ فُلَانٌ الَعَدُوَّ [Such a one granted security, &c., to the enemy], inf. n. as above. (T.) It is said in the Kur ch. ix. [verse 12], accord. to one reading, لَا إِيمَانَ لَهُمْ They have not the attribute of granting protection; meaning that when they grant protection, they do not fulfil their engagement to protect. (T.) A2: إِيمَانٌ also signifies The believing [a thing, or in a thing, and particularly in God]; syn. تَصْدِيقٌ; (T, S, &c.;) by common consent of the lexicologists and other men of science: (T:) its primary meaning is the becoming true to the trust with respect to which God has confided in one, by a firm believing with the heart; not by profession of belief with the tongue only, without the assent of the heart; for he who does not firmly believe with his heart is either a hypocrite or an ignorant person. (T, TA.) Its verb is intrans. and trans. (TA, from a Commentary on the Mutowwal.) You say, آمَنَ, meaning He believed. (T.) and it is said to be trans. by itself, like صَدَّقَ; and by means of بِ, considered as meaning اِعْتِرَافٌ [or acknowledgment]; and by means of لِ, considered as meaning إِذْعَانٌ [or submission]. (TA.) [Thus] you say, [آمنهُ and] آمن بِهِ, (inf. n. إِيمَانٌ, T, K,) namely, a thing. (T, M.) And آمن بِاللّٰهِ He believed in God. (T.) It seems to be meant by what is said in the Ksh [in ii. 2], that آمن بِهِ [or آمَنَهُ] properly signifies آمَنَهُ التَّكْذِيبَ [He rendered him secure from being charged with lying, or falsehood]; and that the meaning he believed him or in him, is tropical; but this is at variance with what its author says in the A; and Es-Saad says that this latter meaning is proper. (TA.) The phrase in the Kur [ix. 61], وَيُؤْمِنُ لِلْمؤْمِنِينَ, accord. to Th, means And he believeth the believers; giveth credit to them. (M.) b2: Sometimes it is employed to signify The acknowledging with the tongue only; and hence, in the Kur [lxiii. 3], ذلِكَ بأَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا That is because they acknowledged with the tongue, then disacknowledged with the heart. (TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) The trusting, or confiding, or having trust or confidence. (M, K.) [You say, آمن بِهِ, meaning He trusted, or confided, in him, or it: for] the verb of ايمان in this sense is trans. by means of بِ without implication; as Bd says. (TA.) [And it is also trans. by itself: for] you say, مَا آمَنَ أَنْ يَجِدَ صَحَابَةً, meaning (tropical:) He trusted not that he would find companions; (M, * K, * TA;) said of one who has formed the intention of journeying: or the meaning is مَا كَادَ [i. e. he hardly, or scarcely, found &c.; or he was not near to finding &c.]. (M, K.) See also أَمِنَهُ. b4: Also The manifesting humility or submission, and the accepting the Law, (Zj, T, * K,) and that which the Prophet has said or done, and the firm believing thereof with the heart; (Zj, T, M;) without which firm belief, the manifesting of humility or submission, and the accepting that which the Prophet has said or done, is termed إِسْلَامٌ, for which one's blood is to be spared. (T.) [In this sense, it is trans. by means of لِ, accord. to some, as shown above; or by means of بِ, for, accord. to Fei,] you say, آمَنْتُ بِاللّٰهِ, inf. n. as above, meaning I submitted, or resigned, myself to God. (Msb.) [There are numerous other explanations which it is needless to give, differing according to different persuasions. b5: See also إِيمَان below.]8 إِاْتَمَنَ see 1, in five places.10 استأمنهُ He asked, or demanded, of him الأَمَان [i. e. security or safety, or protection or safeguard, or the promise or assurance of security or safety, or indemnity, or quarter]. (T, * Msb, TA.) b2: See also أَمِنَهُ. b3: استأمن إِلَيْهِ He entered within the pale of his أمَان [or protection, or safeguard]. (S, Msb.) أَمْنٌ [an inf. n. of أَمِنِ: as a simple subst. it signifies Security, or safety: (see أَمِنَ:) or] security as meaning freedom from fear; contr. of خَوْفٌ; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ إِمْنٌ (Zj, M, K) and ↓ أَمِنٌ (M, K) and ↓ أَمَنَهُ (S, M, K) [and ↓ إِمْنَةٌ (see أَمِنَ)] and ↓ أَمَانٌ and ↓ آمِنٌ, (M, K,) which last is an inf. n. of أَمِنَ [like the rest], (MF,) or a subst. like فَالِجٌ; (M;) and ↓ أَمَانَةٌ is syn. with أَمَانٌ, (S,) both of these signifying security, or safety, and freedom from fear: (PS:) or أَمْنٌ signifies freedom from expectation of evil, or of an object of dislike or hatred, in the coming time; originally, ease of mind, and freedom from fear. (El-Munáwee, TA.) You say, أَنْتَ فِى أَمْنٍ [Thou art in a state of security], (T, M,) مِنْ ذَاكَ [from that]; and ↓ فى أَمَانٍ signifies the same; (T;) and so ↓ فى آمِنٍ. (M.) And نُعَاسًا ↓ أَمَنَةً, in the Kur [iii. 148], means Security (أَمْنًا) [and slumber]. (S.) ↓ أَمَانٌ also signifies Protection, or safeguard: and [very frequently] a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety; indemnity; or quarter: in Pers\. پَنَاهْ and زِنْهَارٌ: (KL:) syn. إِلُّ. (K in art. ال.) Yousay, ↓ دَخَلَ فِى أَمَانِهِ [He entered within the pale of his protection, or safeguard]. (S, Msb.) [and اللّٰهِ ↓ كُنٌ فِى أَمَانِ Be thou in the protection, or safeguard, of God.] And ↓ أَعْطَيْتُهُ الأَمَانَ [I gave, or granted, to him security or safety, or protection or safeguard, or the promise or assurance of security or safety, or indemnity, or quarter]; namely, a captive. (Msb.) And طَلَبَ

↓ مِنْهُ الأَمَانَ [He asked, or demanded, of him security or safety, or protection or safeguard, &c., as in the next preceding ex.]. (Msb, TA.) b2: أَمْنًا in the Kur ii. 119 means ذَا أَمْن [Possessed of security or safety]: (Aboo-Is-hák, M:) or مَوْضِعَ أَمْنٍ [a place of security or safety; like مَأْمَنًا]. (Bd.) b3: See also آمِنٌ. b4: You say also, مَا أَحْسَنَ أَمْنَكَ, and ↓ أَمَنَكَ, meaning How good is thy religion! and thy natural disposition! (M, K.) إِمْنٌ: see أَمْنٌ.

أَمَنٌ: see أَمْنٌ, first and last sentences.

أَمِنٌ: see آمِنٌ. b2: Also, (K, [there said to be like كَتِفٌ,]) or ↓ آمِنٌ, (M, [so written in a copy of that work,)] Asking, or demanding, or seeking, protection, in order to be secure, or safe, or free from fear, for himself: (M, K:) so says IAar. (M.) إِمْنَةٌ: see أَمْنٌ.

أمَنَةٌ: see أَمْنٌ, in two places: b2: and see also أَمَانَةٌ.

A2: Also A man who trusts, or confides, in every one; (T, S, M;) and so ↓ أُمَنَةٌ: (S:) and who believes in everything that he hears; who disbelieves in nothing: (Lh, T:) or in whom men, or people, trust, or confide, and whose malevolence, or mischievousness, they do not fear: (T, M:) and ↓ أُمَنَةٌ signifies trusted in, or confided in; [like أَمِينٌ;] and by rule should be أُمْنَةٌ, because it has the meaning of a pass. part. n. [like لُعْنَةٌ and ضُحْكَةٌ and لُقْطَلةٌ &c. (see لَقَطٌ)]: (M:) or both signify one in whom every one trusts, or confides, in, or with respect to, everything. (K.) b2: See also أَمِينٌ.

أُمَنَةٌ: see أَمَنَةٌ, in two places.

أَمَانٌ: see أَمْنٌ, in seven places.

أَمُونٌ, applied to a she camel, of the measure فَعُولٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ, like عَصُوبٌ and حَلُوبٌ, (tropical:) Trusted, or confided, in; (T;) firmly, compactly, or strongly, made; (T, S, M, K;) secure from, or free from fear of, being weak: (S, M:) also, that is secure from, or free from fear of, stumbling, and becoming jaded: (M:) or strong, so that her becoming languid is not feared: (A, TA:) pl. أُمُنٌ. (M, K.) [See also what next follows.]

أَمينٌ Trusted; trusted in; confided in; (T, * S, * M, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ أُمَّانٌ; (S, M, K;) i. q. ↓ مَأْمُونٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ مُؤْتَمَنٌ: (ISk, T, K:) [a person in whom one trusts or confides; a confidant; a person intrusted with, or to whom is confided, power, authority, control, or a charge, عَلَى شَىْءٍ over a thing; a person intrusted with an affair, or with affairs, i. e., with the management, or disposal, thereof; a confidential agent, or superintendent; a commissioner; a commissary; a trustee; a depositary;] a guardian: (TA:) trusty; trustworthy; trustful; confidential; faithful: (Mgh, Msb: *) pl. أُمَنَآءُ, and, accord. to some, ↓ أَمَنَةٌ, as in a trad. in which it is said, أَصْحَابِى أَمَنَةٌ لِأُمَّتِى, meaning My companions are guardians to my people: or, accord. to others, this is pl. of ↓ آمِنٌ [app. in a sense mentioned below in this paragraph, so that the meaning in this trad. is my companions are persons who accord trust, or confidence, to my people]. (TA.) Hence, أَلَمْ تَعْلَمِى يَا أَسْمَ وَيْحَكِ أَنَّنِى

حَلَفْتُ يَمِينًا لَا أَخُونُ أَمِينِى

[Knowest thou not, O Asmà (أَسْمَآء, curtailed for the sake of the metre), mercy on thee! or woe to thee! that I have sworn an oath that I will not act treacherously to him in whom I trust?] i. e. ↓ مَأْمُونِى: (S:) or the meaning here is, him who trusts, or confides, in me; (ISk, T;) [i. e.] it is here syn. with ↓ آمِنِى. (M.) [Hence also,] الأَمِينُ فِى القِمَارِ, (K voce مُجُمِدٌ, &c.,) or أَمِينُ, القِمَارِ, [The person who is intrusted, as deputy, with the disposal of the arrows in the game called المَيْسِر; or] he who shuffles the arrows; الَّذِى.

يَضْرِبُ بِالقِدَاحِ. (EM p. 105.) [Hence also,] الرُّوحُ الأَمِينُ [The Trusted, or Trusty, Spirit]; (Kur xxvi. 193;) applied to Gabriel, because he is intrusted with the revelation of God. (Bd.) ↓ أُمَّانٌ, mentioned above, and occurring in a verse of El-Aashà, applied to a merchant, is said by some to mean Possessed of religion and excellence. (M.) ↓ مُؤْتَمَنٌ is applied, in a trad., to the مُؤَذِّن, as meaning that men trust, or confide, in him with respect to the times in which he calls to prayer, and know by his call what they are commanded to do as to praying and fasting and breaking fast. (Mgh.) المُعَامَلَةِ ↓ هُوَ مَأْمُونُ means He is [trusty, or trustworthy, in dealing with others; or] free from exorbitance and deceit or artifice or craft to be feared. (Msb.) b2: An aid, or assistant; syn. عَوْنٌ [here app. meaning, as it often does, an armed attendant, or a guard]; because one trusts in his strength, and is without fear of his being weak. (M.) b3: (assumed tropical:) The strong; syn. قَوِىٌّ. (K, TA: [in the latter of which is given the same reason for this signification as is given in the M for that of عون; for which قوى may be a mistranscription; but see أَمُونٌ.]) b4: One who trusts, or confides, in another; (ISk, T, K;) [as also ↓ آمِنٌ, of which see an ex. voce حَذِرٌ;] so accord. to ISk in the verse cited above in this paragraph: (T:) thus it bears two contr. significations. (K.) b5: See also آمِنٌ, in five places.

A2: And see آمِينَ.

أَمَانَةٌ: see أَمْنٌ, first sentence. b2: Trustiness; trustworthiness; trustfulness; faithfulness; fidelity; (M, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ أَمَنَةٌ. (M, K.) أَمَانَةُ اللّٰهِ [for أَمَانَةُ اللّٰهِ قَسَمِي or مَا أُقْسِمُ The faithfulness of God is my oath or that by which I swear] is composed of an inf. n. prefixed to the agent, and the former is in the nom. case as an inchoative; the phrase being like لَعَمْرُ اللّٰهِ, as meaning an oath; and the enunciative being suppressed, and meant to be understood: accord. to some, you say, أَمَانَةَ اللّٰهِ [app. for نَشَدْتُكَ أَمَانَةَ اللّٰهِ I adjure thee, or conjure thee, by the faithfulness of God, or the like], making it to be governed in the accus. case by the verb which is to be understood: and some correctly say, وَأَمَانَةِ اللّٰهِ [By the faithfulness of God], with the و which denotes an oath: (Mgh:) or this last is an oath accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh; but Esh-Sháfi'ee does not reckon it as such: and it is forbidden in a trad. to swear by الأَمَانَة; app. because it is not one of the names of God. (TA.) [Or these phrases may have been used, in the manner of an oath, agreeably with explanations here following.]

A2: A thing committed to the trust and care of a person; a trust; a deposite; (Mgh, Msb;) and the like: (Msb:) property committed to trust and care: (TA:) pl. أَمَانَاتٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) It is said in the Kur [viii. 27], وَتَخُونُوا أَمَانَاتِكُمْ [Nor be ye unfaithful to the trusts committed to you]. (Mgh.) And in the same [xxxiii. 72], إِنَّا عَرَضْنَاالأَمَانَةَ عَلَى

السّموَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِوَالْجِبَالِ فَأَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَحْمِلْنَهَا وَأَشْفَقْنَ مِنْهَا وَحَمَلَهَا الْإِنْسَانُ [Verily we proposed, or offered, the trust which we have committed to man to the heavens and the earth and the mountains, and (accord. to explanations of Bd and others) they refused to take it upon themselves, or to accept it, and they feared it, but man took it upon himself, or accepted it: or, (accord. to another explanation of Bd, also given in the T, and in the K in art. حمل, &c.,) they refused to be unfaithful to it, and they feared it, but man was unfaithful to it: but in explaining what this trust was, authors greatly differ: accord. to some,] الامانة here means obedience; so called because the rendering thereof is incumbent: or the obedience which includes that which is natural and that which depends upon the will: [for] it is said that when God created these [celestial and terrestrial] bodies, He created in them understanding: or it may here [and in some other instances] mean reason, or intellect: [and the faculty of volition: and app. conscience: these being trusts committed to us by God, to be faithfully employed: (see an ex. voce جَذْرٌ:)] and the imposition of a task or duty or of tasks or duties [app. combined with reason or intellect, which is necessary for the performance thereof]: (Bd:) or it here means prayers and other duties for the performance of which there is recompense and for the neglect of which there is punishment: (Jel:) or, accord. to I'Ab and Sa'eed Ibn-Jubeyr, (T,) the obligatory statutes which God has imposed upon his servants: (T, K: *) or, (T, K,) accord. to Ibn-'Omar, [the choice between] obedience and disobedience was offered to Adam, and he was informed of the recompense of obedience and the punishment of disobedience: but, in my opinion, he says, (T,) it here means the intention which one holds in the heart, (T, K,) with respect to the belief which he professes with the tongue, and with respect to all the obligatory statutes which he externally fulfils; (K;) because God has confided to him power over it, and not manifested it to any [other] of his creatures, so that he who conceives in his mind, with respect to the acknowledgment of the unity of God, (T, K,) and with respect to belief [in general], (T,) the like of that which he professes, he fulfils the امانة [or trust], (T, K,) and he who conceives in his mind disbelief while he professes belief with the tongue is unfaithful thereto, and every one who is unfaithful to that which is confided to him is [termed] حَامِلٌ, (T,) or حَامِلُ الأَمَانَةِ, and مُحْتَمِلُهَا: (Bd:) and by الإِنْسَانُ is here meant the doubting disbeliever. (T.) b2: Also, [as being a trust committed to him by God, A man's] family, or household; syn. أَهْلٌ. (TA.) أُمَّانٌ: see أَمينٌ, in two places.

A2: Also One who does not write; as though he were (كَأَنَّهُ [in the CK لاَنَّهُ because he is]) an أُمِّى. (K, TA.) [But this belongs to art. ام; being of the measure فُعْلَانٌ, like عُرْيَانٌ.] b2: And A sower, or cultivator of land; [perhaps meaning a clown, or boor;] syn. زَرَّاعٌ: (CK:) or sowers, or cultivators of land; syn. زُرَّاعٌ: (K, TA:) in one copy of the K زِرَاع. (TA.) آمِنٌ Secure, safe, or free from fear; as also ↓ أَمِينٌ (Lh, T, * S, * M, Msb, K) and ↓ أَمِنٌ. (M, K.) Hence, in the Kur [xcv. 3], ↓ وَهذَا الْبَلَدِ الْأَمِينِ [And this secure town]; (Akh, Lh, T, S, M;) meaning Mekkeh. (M.) بَلَدٌ آمِنٌ and ↓ أَمِينٌ means A town, or country, or district, of which the inhabitants are in a state of security, or confidence, therein. (Msb.) It is also said in the Kur [xliv. 51], ↓ إِنَّ الْمُتَّقِينَ فِي مَقَامٍ أَمِينٍ, meaning [Verily the pious shall be in an abode] wherein they shall be secure from the accidents, or casualties, of fortune. (M.) [And hence,] ↓ الأَمِينُ is one of the epithets applied to God, (Mgh, K,) on the authority of El-Hasan; (Mgh;) an assertion requiring consideration: it may mean He who is secure with respect to the accidents, or casualties, of fortune: but see المُؤْمِنُ, which is [well known as] an epithet applied to God. (TA.) آمِنُ المَالِ means What is secure from being slaughtered, of the camels, because of its being highly prized; by المال being meant الإِبِل: or, as some say, (tropical:) what is highly esteemed, of property of any kind; as though, if it had intellect, it would feel secure from being exchanged. (M.) You say, أَعْطَيْتُهُ مِنْ آمِنِ مَالِي, (K, TA, [in the CK آمَنِ,]) meaning (tropical:) I gave him of the choice, or best, of my property; of what was highly esteemed thereof; (K, TA;) and مَالِى ↓ مِنْ أَمْنِ which Az explains as meaning of the choice, or best, of my property. (TA: [in which is given a verse cited by ISk showing that أَمْن, thus used, is not a mistranscription for آمِن.]) And آمِنُ الحِلْمِ means Steadfast in forbearance or clemency; of whose becoming disordered in temper, and free from self-restraint, there is no fear. (M.) b2: See also أَمِينٌ, in three places: b3: and see اَمِنٌ.

A2: See also أَمِينٌ, in two places.

آمِينَ [in the CK, erroneously, آمِينُ] and ↓ أَمِينَ; (Th, T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) both chaste and well known, (TA,) the latter of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (Msb, TA,) as some say, (TA,) [and this, though the less common, is the original form, for] the medd in the former is only to give fulness of sound to the fet-hah of the أ, (Th, M, Msb, TA,) as is shown by the fact that there is no word in the Arabic language of the measure فَاعِيلٌ; (Msb, TA;) and some pronounce the former آمِّينَ, (K,) which is said by some of the learned to be a dial. var., (Msb,) but this is a mistake, (S, Msb,) accord. to authorities of good repute, and is one of old date, originating from an assertion of Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà, [i. e. Th,] that آمِينَ is like عَاصِينَ, by which he was falsely supposed to mean its having the form of a pl., [and being consequently آمِّينَ,] (Msb, [and part of this is said in the M,]) whereas he thereby only meant that the م is without teshdeed, like the ص in عَاصِينَ; (M;) beside that the sense of قَاصِدِينَ [which is that of آمِّينَ, from أَمَّ,] would be inconsistent after the last phrase of the first chapter of the Kur [where آمينَ is usually added]; (Msb;) and sometimes it is pronounced with imáleh, [i. e. “émeena,”] as is said by ElWáhidee in the Beseet; (K;) but this is unknown in works on lexicology, and is said to be a mispronunciation of some of the Arabs of the desert of El-Yemen: (MF:) each form is indecl., (S,) with fet-h for its termination, like أَيْنَ and كَيْفَ, to prevent the occurrence of two quiescent letters together: (T, S, TA:) it is a word used immediately after a prayer, or supplication: (S, * M:) [it is best expressed, when occurring in a translation, by the familiar Hebrew equivalent Amen:] El-Fárisee says that it is a compound of a verb and a noun; (M;) meaning answer Thou me; [i. e. answer Thou my prayer;] (M, Mgh;*) or O God, answer Thou: (Zj, T, Msb, K:) or so be it: (AHát, S, Msb, K:) or so do Thou, (K, TA,) O Lord: (TA:) it is strangely asserted by some of the learned, that, after the Fátihah, [or Opening Chapter of the Kur-án,] it is a prayer which implies all that is prayed for in detail in the Fátihah: so in the Towsheeh: (MF:) or it is one of the names of God: (M, Msb, K:) so says El-Hasan (M, Msb) El-Basree: (Msb:) but the assertion that it is for يَا اَللّٰهُ [O God], and that اسْتَجِبٌ [answer Thou] is meant to be understood, is not correct accord. to the lexicologists; for, were it so, it would be with refa, not nasb. (T.) إِيمَانٌ [inf. n. of 4, q. v. b2: Used as a simple subst., Belief; particularly in God, and in his word and apostles &c.: faith: trust, or confidence: &c.] b3: Sometimes it means Prayer; syn. صَلَاةٌ: as in the Kur [ii. 138], where it is said, وَمَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيَمانَكُمْ, (Bd, Jel, TA,) i. e. [God will not make to be lost] your prayer towards Jerusalem, (Bd, * Jel,) as some explain it. (Bd.) b4: Sometimes, also, it is used as meaning The law brought by the Prophet. (Er-Rághib, TA.) مَأْمَنٌ A place of security or safety or freedom from fear; or where one feels secure. (M, TA.) مُؤْمَنٌ pass. part. n. of آمَنَهُ. (T.) It is said in the Kur [iv. 96], accord. to one reading, (T, M,) that of Aboo-Jaafar El-Medenee, (T,) لَسْتَ مُؤْمَنًا [Thou art not granted security, or safety, &c.; or] we will not grant thee security, &c. (T, M.) مُؤْمِنٌ [act. part. n. of 4; Rendering secure, &c.]. المُؤْمِنُ is an epithet applied to God; meaning He who rendereth mankind secure from his wronging them: (T, S:) or He who rendereth his servants secure from his punishment: (M, IAth:) i. q. المُهَيْمِنُ, (M,) which is originally المُؤَأْمِنُ; [for the form مُفْعِلٌ is originally مُؤَفْعِلٌ;] the second ء being softened, and changed into ى, and the first being changed into ه: (S:) or the Believer of his servants (Th, M, TA) the Muslims, on the day of resurrection, when the nations shall be interrogated respecting the messages of their apostles: (TA:) or He who will faithfully perform to his servants what He hath promised them: (T, TA:) or He who hath declared in his word the truth of his unity. (T.) b2: [Also Believing, or a believer; particularly in God, and in his word and apostles &c.: faithful: trusting, or confiding: &c.: see 4.]

مَأْمُونٌ: see أَمِينٌ, in three places. b2: مَأْمُونَةٌ A woman whose like is sought after and eagerly retained because of her valuable qualities. (M.) مَأْمُونِيَّةٌ A certain kind of food; so called in relation to El-Ma-moon. (TA.) مُؤْتَمَنٌ: see أَمِينٌ, in two places.
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[امن] فيه: ويلقى الشيطان في "أمنيته" أي قراءته، و"تمنى" إذا قرأ والأماني جمعه ومنه: إلا "أماني" أي ما يقرؤنه. وإياكم و"الأماني" بتشديد ياء وخفتها. قا: إلا "أماني" الاستثناء منقطع، والأمنية ما يقدره في النفس، ولذا يطلق على الكذب، وعلى ما يتمنى، وما يقرأ أي ولكن يعتقدون أكاذيب تقليداً، أو مواعيد فارغة من أن الجنة لا يدخلها إلا اليهود ونحوه. نه وفيه: "المؤمن" تعالى أي يصدق عباده وعده من الإيمان التصديق، أو يؤمنهم في القيعذابه من الأمان ضد الخوف. ونهران "مؤمنان" النيل والفرات شبهاً بالمؤمن في عموم النفع لأنهما يفيضان على الأرض فيسقيان الحرث بلا مؤنة وكلفة، وشبه دجلة ونهر بلخ بالكافر في قلة النفع لأنهما لا يسقيان ولا ينتفع بهما إلا بمؤنة وكلفة. ولا يزني الزاني وهو "مؤمن" قيل: هو نهي في صورة الخبر أي لا يزن المؤمن فإنه لا يليق بالمؤمنين، وقيل:مده أكثر من القصر، أي أنه طابع الله على عباده للآفات والبلايا تدفع به كخاتم الكتاب يصونه من فساده وإظهار ما فيه، وهو مبني على الفتح ومعناه استجب لي، أو كذلك فليكن. وفيه: "أمين" درجة في الجنة أي كلمة يكتسب بها قائلها درجة. شا: قولهم في الدعاء "أمين" أنه اسم من أسماء الله بمعنى المؤمن أن بالفتح بمعنى التعليل، ومعناه يا أمين استجب، ورده النووي إذ لم يثبت بالقرآن والسنة المتواترة، وأسماؤه لا تثبت بدونهما. نه: لا تسبقني "بأمين" لعل بلالاً كان يقرأ الفاتحة في السكتة الأولى من سكتتي الإمام فربما يبقى عليه منها شيء ورسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قد فرغ من قراءتها فاستمهله بلال في التأمين بقدر ما يتم فيه بقية السورة حتى ينال بركة موافقته في التأمين. ط: إذا "أمن" الإمام "فأمنوا" فإنه من وافق عطف على محذوف أي فإن الملائكة تؤمن فمن وافق، والمراد الحفظة، وقيل غيرهم، فإن الإمام علة لترتب الجزاء على الشرط.
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Entries related to the term انن from Arabic dictionaries:

انن

[انن] ط فيه: طول صلاته وقصر خطبــته "مئنة" فقهه. ن: بفتح ميم وكسر همزة وتشديد نون مفعلة من أن التي للتحقيق أي علامة يعرف بها فقهه لأن الصلاة هي الأصل فيؤثر بالطول على الــخطبــة ويتم في ما. نه: فليظهر ثناء حسناً "فإن" ذلك، هذا وأمثاله من الإيجاز أي إظهاره مكافأة لنعمته. ومنه: ويقول ربك و"أنه" أي كذلك، وقيل إن بمعنى نعم، والهاء للسكت. ومنه: أن فضالة ابن شريك قال لابن الزبير: ناقتي نقب خفها فاحملني، فقال أرقعها بجلد، واخصفها بهلب، وسر بها البردين، فقال فضالة: إنما أتيتك مستحملاً لا مستوصفاً لا حمل الله ناقة حملتني إليك، فقال: "إن" وراكبها أي نعم مع راكبها. ن: لبيك "أن" الحمد لله والنعمة بكسر أن أي الحمد لك على حال، وبفتحها أي لبيك لهذا السبب، والنعمة بالنصب، ويجوز رفعه بالابتداء، والخبر مستقر. وح: "إنها" صفية، قاله خوفاً من أن يلقي الشيطان في قلوبهما سوء ظن موجب لكفرهما، وفيه دفع الظن عن نفسه، وقالا: سبحان الله تعجباً من أن يدخل في قلوبهما سوء ظن به.
Entries related to the term ايد from Arabic dictionaries:

ايد

[ايد] فيه: "الأيد" القوة رجل "أيد" بالتشديد أي قوى. ومنه خطبــة علي: امسكها من أن تمور "بأيده" أي قوته.
ايد: أيّد (بالتشديد) برر الرأي، وأظهر صوابه، وحققه (بوشر)، وانظر تأييد: تأكيد، إثبات الكلام بالبراهين (دي ساسي مختار 2: 188)، وتأييداً لقولك: تأكيداً له (بوشر).
وتأيد بفلان: تقوى به (عباد 1: 223، 2: 132).
أَيْد: جبار، عملاق (بوشر).
إيْد: يد في لغة القاهرة (بركهارت أمثال 25، بوشر).
مؤيدي: وتختصر فيقال: مايدي أو ميدي: نقد مصري صغير ومقداره نصف درهم، سمي باسم السلطان الملك المؤيد أبو نصر الشيخ من السلاطين المماليك، ويتخذ من أوراق المسكوكات النحاسية بأن تطرق بالمطرقة وتسطح حتى تصبح في سمك الورقة (صفة مصر 16: 293، 294، ويسميه الرحالة الغربيون Maydin جيستليه 155، وقيمته ثلاثة قروش في القاهرة)، بومجارتن 35 كوبان، روجر، شوايكجر 267، فانسلب 211، مانتجازا 25 (3 سولدي).

ايد

1 آدَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. أَيْدٌ, He, (a man, Az, T, &c.,) or it, (a thing, L,) was, or became, strong: (Az, T, S, M, K, &c.:) and ↓ آيد, inf. n. إِيَادٌ, he became possessed of strength. (AHeyth, T, L.) b2: آدَتٌ ضِيَافَتُهُ (tropical:) His coming as a guest was, or became, frequent. (A.) [See أَيِّدٌ.]2 أيّد, inf. n. تَأْيِيدٌ; (T, S, M, &c.;) and ↓ آيد, (T, S, K,) of the measure فَاعَلَ, (S,) inf. n. مُؤَايَدَةٌ; (K;) or He strengthened: (S, M, L, Msb, K:) he aided, or rendered victorious. (L.) You say, أيّدهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ He strengthened him to accomplish the affair. (M, L.) 3 اَاْيَدَ see 2.4 آيَدَ see 1.5 تأيّد He, or it, (a thing, S,) became strengthened. (T, S, K.) آدٌ Strength; syn. صُلْبٌ, (M, L, K,) and قُوَّةٌ [which is one of the significations of صُلْبٌ, and that which is here meant]; as also ↓ أَيْدٌ [which is an inf. n.: see 1]. (S, M, K.) أَيْدٌ: see آدٌ.

أَيِّدٌ Strong: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) an epithet applied [to God, and] to a man. (S.) A poet says, رَمَى فَأَصَابَ الكُلَى وَالذُّرَى إِذَا القَوْسُ وَتَّرَهَا أَيِّدٌ [lit. When a strong one strings the bow, he shoots, and hits the kidneys, and the tops of the humps of the camels]; meaning, when God strings [or stretches] the bow that is in the clouds, He casts fat into the kidneys and humps of the camels, by means of the herbage that is produced by the rain. (S.) b2: إِنَّهُ لَأَيِّدُ الغَدَآءِ وَالعَشَآءِ means (tropical:) Verily he is often present at the morning and evening meals. (A.) إِيَادٌ Anything by which a person or thing is strengthened, (M, L, K,) or guarded, defended, or protected: (T, L:) a thing by which one is protected, or veiled, or concealed: the side; shade, or shadow; or protection: a place of refuge: (M, L, K:) either side of anything, that strengthens it: (Lth, T:) anything that is in the vicinity of a thing: (T:) each wing of an army: (S, M, L, K:) earth that is put round a watering-trough or tank, or round a tent, (S, M, L, K,) to strengthen it, or to keep away from it the rain-water: (S, L:) any fortification: a fortified mountain: (M, L, K:) a mountain that is inaccessible, or difficult of access. (IAar, T.) [In the place of one signification, Golius gives “ cortex; ” having found لحاه in the place of لَجَأ.] b2: An elevated tract, or a heap, of sand. (M, K.) b3: Abundance of camels [because they strengthen their owner]. (K.) b4: The air; syn. هَوَآء. (K.) مُؤْيَدٌ: see مُؤَيَّدٌ: A2: and see what next follows.

مُؤْيِدٌ, of the same measure as مُؤْمِنٌ, A great, mighty, or severe, thing; (S, L, K;) a calamity: (T, S, M, L, K:) or, accord. to As, it is ↓ مُؤْيَدٌ, with fet-h to the ى, and signifies anything rendered strong, or hard, or severe. (L.) [See مَآوِدُ, in art. اود.) مُؤَيَّدٌ and ↓ مُؤْيَدٌ (the latter irreg., by rule being مُؤَايَدٌ, TK,) Strengthened: (S, L, K:) aided; or rendered victorious: (L:) and the former, strong, applied to a building. (M.) مُؤَيِّدٌ Strengthening: (S, L:) aiding; or rendering victorious. (L.) The dim. also has this form. (S.)
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Entries related to the term ثنا from Arabic dictionaries:

ثنا

[ثنا] نه: "لاثنى" في الصدقة، هو بالكسر والقصر أن يفعل الشيء مرتين في الصدقة أي في أخذها أي لا تؤخذ الصدقة في السنة مرتين، وفيه: نهى عن "الثنيا" إلا أن تعلم، هي أن يستثنى في البيع شيء مجهول، وقيل: أن يباع الشيء جزافاً فلا يجوز أن يستثنى منه شيء قل أو كثر، والثنيا في المزارعة أن يستثنى بعد النصف أو الثلث كيل معلوم. ك: هو بضم مثلثة اسم من الاستثناء. ج: "لاثنيا" أي لا رجوع للمعطى في الهبة. ط: من استثنى فله "ثنياه" بوزن الدنيا أي له ما استثناه. نه وفيه: من أعتق أو طلق ثم استثنى فله "ثنياه" مثل أن يقول: طلقته ثلاثاً إلا واحدة، أو أعتقتهم إلا فلاناً. وفيه: كان لرجل ناقة نجيبة فمرضت فباعها واشترط "ثنياها" أراد قوائمها ورأسها. وفيه: الشهداء "ثنية الله" كأنه تأول "ونفخ فيهو في حق غير المنافقين والكفار وغير المتظاهر بالفسق والبدعة. ن: "فأثنى" عليه خيراً، المراد ئناء أهل الفضل ولا يكون عدواً ولا حاسداً ولا محباً مفرطاً بل موفقاً لأن الفسقة قد يثنون على الفاسق، وقيل: مقيد بمن أثنى أعماله، والصحيح أنه على عمومه فإن من الهم الناس في ثنائه يدل على مغفرته وبه يظهر فائدة الثناء. ط: وهذا تزكية لأمته وإظهار عدالتهم وفضلهم بصدق ظنونهم وسيجيء في "اذكروا". ومن حلف لا "يستثنى" بأن يقول: إن شاء الله. ن: فالتي ثنتين، كذا الرواية بتقدير أعني، وروى: اثنتان، والأول أصوب. وحتى "ثنى" عليه أربع مرات بخفة نون أي كرر أربع مرات. ك: "فانثنى" في جوفها بفتح مثلثة أي انعطف. وقرأ ابن عباس "يثنوني" اثنوني افعوعل من الثنى، وروى بلفظ المؤنث وبحذف ياء في آخره تخفيفاً، ويتخلى أي يدخل في الخلاء، كانوا يستحيون أن يكشفوا عورتهم في الخلاء وعند الجماع فيميلون صدورهم ويغطون رؤسهم، فقال "ويعلم ما يسرون وما يعلنون". غ: "يثنون" صدورهم" يطوونها على معاداة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم.
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Entries related to the term موازنات from Arabic dictionaries:

موازنات

موازنات
أقصد بعقد هذه الموازنات أن نتبين الدقة القرآنية في تصوير المعنى تصويرا ينقل إلى النفس الفكرة نقلا أمينا، ولكنى لا أريد أن أعقد كل ما يمكن من الموازنات، فذلك ما لم يتيسر لى القيام به إلى اليوم، فضلا عن أنه فوق طاقتى، وكل ما أريده الآن هو عرض ما أمكننى من هذه الموازنات، راجيا أن أوفق إلى الإكثار منها، بقدر ما أستطيعه في قابل الطبعات إن شاء الله.
1 - قال تعالى: وَالْقَمَرَ قَدَّرْناهُ مَنازِلَ حَتَّى عادَ كَالْعُرْجُونِ الْقَدِيمِ (يس 39).
وقال ابن المعتز:
ولاح ضوء هلال كاد يفضحنا ... مثل القلامة قد قدّت من الظفر
وقال أيضا:
انظر إليه كزورق من فضة ... قد أثقلته حمولة من عنبر
وقال أيضا:
انظر إلى حسن هلال بدا ... يهتك من أنواره الحندسا
كمنجل قد صيغ من فضة ... يحصد من زهر الدجى نرجسا
وقال السرىّ الرفاء:
وكأن الهلال نون لجين ... غرّقت في صحيفة زرقاء
وقال أيضا:
ولاح لنا الهلال كشطر طوق ... على لبّات زرقاء اللباس
تتحدث هذه النصوص كلها عن الهلال، ولكى ندرك الفرق في القيمة بين هذه النصوص بعضها وبعض، نتبين معنى كل نص منها، لنرى أيها أدق وأوفى:
أما الآية الكريمة فإنها تتحدث عن تلك التنقلات التى تحدث للقمر بقدرة الله، فبينا هو وليد، إذا به ينمو رويدا رويدا، حتى يصبح بدرا مكتملا، ثم يعود أدراجه، وينقص قليلا قليلا، حتى يعود كعود الكباسة القديم، دقيقا معوجا لا يكاد يرى، ولا يؤبه له، بعد أن كان ملء البصر، وملء الفؤاد، وأنت بذلك ترى أن التشبيه الذى جاء في الآية كان له نصيب في أداء المعنى، ولم يجئ بعد أن استوفى المعنى تمامه، وكان دقيقا أتم دقة، فى أداء المعنى وتصويره كاملا.
أما بيت ابن المعتز الأول، فإن التشبيه الذى أورده لا دخل له أصلا في الفكرة التى يريد نقلها إلى قارئه، فإن كون الهلال مثل قلامة الظفر لا دخل له في أنه كاد يفضحهم، بل على العكس يقلل من شأن الفكرة ويضعفها، فإن هذا الهلال الضئيل الذى يشبه قلامة الظفر، خليق به ألا يكون له أثر ما في تبديد ظلمة الليل المتكاثفة، وخليق به ألا يفضحهم ولا يبين عن مكانهم، وبذلك ترى أن الصلة ليست وثيقة بين شطرى البيت، ولا بين التشبيه والفكرة التى جاء من أجلها.
وفي بيته الثانى سبق أن بينا وجوه النقص فيه ، وتحدثنا عن أن نفاسة المشبّه به لا ترفع من شأن التشبيه، ولا تستر ما فيه من ضعف، وذكرنا أن انتزاع الصورة من
الخيال لا يزيد المشبه وضوحا، ولا يمنحه قوة.
أما بيته الثالث فضعيف متهالك، لم يصور الهلال كما تراه العين، ولا كما تحس به النفس، ففضلا عن غفلة ابن المعتز عما يبعثه الهلال الجديد من آمال جديدة في النفس، ووقوفه عند حد التصوير البصرى لم يوفق في هذا التصوير، فإن الهلال في نظر العين هادئ ساكن، والمنجل في يد الحاصد متحرك في سرعة، فكيف نتخيل الهلال منجلا يحصد، وهو لم يتحرك، ثم ما الصلة بين زهر الدجى وبين النرجس، وكيف يحصد الهلال هذا الزهر، والزهر باق في مكانه لا ينمحى ولا يزول، والعهد بما يحصد أن يتخلى عن مكانه. ومن ذلك ترى نقص التشبيه وقصوره.
واقتصر السّرى الرفاء على التصوير البصرى أيضا ثمّ فاتته الدقة عند ما جعل هذه النون من اللجين غريقة في صحيفة زرقاء، فصور لنفسك أى قدر هذه التى تشبه بها السماء، وتأمل أهناك سبب يدعو إلى جعل هذه النون غريقة في تلك القدر الضخمة؟! فالغريق يعلو، ويهبط، ويبدو، ويختفى، مما لا تراه العين في الهلال الهادى المطمئن.
وانظر، أتجد في بيته الثانى تشبيها زادك شعورا بالهلال عند ما جعله نصف طوق فضلا عن عدم دقته؟! وتأمل أى صلة تربط بين السماء ولبة فتاة تلبس ثيابا زرقاء؟!. وبذلك العرض الموجز تتبين الفرق بين تشبيه القرآن الدقيق المصور وبين تلك التشبيهات الضعيفة العرجاء.
2 - وأطال القدماء في الموازنة بين قوله تعالى: وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصاصِ حَياةٌ (البقرة 179). وقولهم: «القتل أنفى للقتل». قالوا: وفضله عليه من وجوه:
أولها: أن الآية الكريمة أقل حروفا من كلامهم.
وثانيها: النص على المطلوب وهو ثبوت الحياة، بخلاف قولهم لأنه إنما يدل على المطلوب باللزوم، من جهة أن نفى القتل يستلزم ثبوت الحياة.
وثالثها: أن تنكير حياة يفيد تعظيما لمنعهم عما كانوا عليه من قتل جماعة بواحد.
ورابعها: اطراده، بخلاف قولهم، فإن القتل ينفى القتل إذا كان على وجه القصاص المشروع، وقد يكون أدعى للقتل، كما إذا وقع ظلما، كقتلهم غير القاتل، وظاهر العبارة يحتمل المعنيين بخلاف القصاص.
وخامسها: أن فيه تكريرا غيره أبلغ منه، ومتى كان التكرير كذلك فهو مقصر عن أقصى طبقات البلاغة.
وسادسها: استغناؤه عما ذكره أكثر من حذفه، وهو (من) بعد أفعل التفضيل الواقع خبرا.
وسابعها: أن القصاص سبب للموت الذى هو ضد الحياة، فما في الآية ملحق بالطباق.
وثامنها: سلامة الآية الكريمة من لفظ القتل المشعر بالوحشة، وتاسعها ظهور العدل في كلمة القصاص.
3 - وتحدث الشعراء عن الصبح، فقال السرى الرفاء:
انظر إلى الليل، كيف تصدعه ... راية صبح مبيضة العذب
كراهب جن للهوى طربا ... فشق جلبابه من الطرب
وقال الشريف الرضى:
وكأنما أولى الصباح وقد بدا ... فوق الطويلع راكب متلثم
وأذاع بالظلماء فتق واضح ... كالطعنة النجلاء يتبعها دم
وقال أيضا:
وليلة خضتها على عجل ... وصبحها بالظلام معتصم تطلع الفجر من جوانبها ... وانفلتت من عقالها الظلم
وقال أيضا:
والصبح قد أخذت أنامل كفه ... فى كل جيب للظلام مزرر
فكأنما في الغرب راكب أدهم ... يحتثه في الشرق راكب أشقر
وليس كل ذلك الشعر بباعث إلى نفسك الشعور بما في الصبح من يقظة وحياة، كما يبعثه إلى نفسك تلك الكلمة القرآنية المختارة: وَالصُّبْحِ إِذا تَنَفَّسَ (التكوير 18).
فإنها تحمل إليك معنى الحياة التى دبت في الكون بعد طول هجوعه، واليقظة التى شملته بعد رقاد وهمود، ويصور لك الوجود، وقد بدأ يفتح عينيه وينهض من سبات، أما هذه الأبيات من الشعر فإنها وقفت تتلمس لهذه الظاهرة الكونية شبيها بصريا، وقد أخفقت جميعها في هذا التصوير البصرى، فشعر السرى الرفاء تلمس للصبح مثيلا، فوجد في الراية ذات العذبات البيض شبيها له، ولا شىء يجمع بين المشبه والمشبه به سوى هذا اللون الأبيض، أما الإحساس النفسى فلا دخل له في الربط بين هذين الطرفين، ثم جعل السرى الليل راهبا، ولا ندرى كيف يدفع الهوى راهبا إلى الجنون وهو راهب، وليت شعرى ما الذى يبدو من الراهب إذا شق ثوبه؟! وإذا كان الراهب أسود اللون فهل يبدو تحت جلبابه سوى السواد، وشق الثوب من مجنون إنما يكون في سرعة لا تمثل ضوء الصباح الزاحف في بطء.
أما شعر الشريف الرضى الأول فقد أجهدت ذهنى في أن أربط صلة بين الصبح والراكب المتلثم، فلم أجد رابطا ذا قيمة يصل بينهما، ولماذا اختار الشاعر الراكب دون الماشى؟ وما لون هذا الراكب؟ وعلى أى شىء يركب؟ وهل الصبح كمتلثم يظل متلثما، ثم يبدى صفحة وجهه دفعة واحدة؟ وما الصورة التى ترتسم في ذهنك لهذا الصبح المتلثم الراكب؟ وهل هيئة الصبح تشبه هيئة راكب متلثم؟ وفيم؟
كل هذه أسئلة تخرج منها بوهن الصلة بين الصبح وهذه الصورة التى يرسمها الشاعر، وفي البيت الثانى يصور لك هذا الصبح، وما فيه من جمال وروعة، تبعث فى النفس حب الجمال لهذه الطبيعة الباسمة المشرقة- صورة دامية بشعة، تثير فى النفس الخوف والألم والنفور، صورة طعنة نجلاء يقطر منها الدم، وسبب ذلك إغفال الجانب النفسى الشعورى من الشاعر عند التشبيه، والوقوف عند حد اللون الذى يربط لون الصبح بتلك الآلة الحادة الطاعنة، وذلك الضوء الأحمر الحى تزجيه الشمس بين يديها، ولون قطرات الدماء، ألا ما أعظم الفرق بين الشعورين! وما أقوى أن يتنافرا، حتى لا يجمع بينهما رباط! وأخطأ الشريف الرضى التوفيق أيضا عند ما وصف الصبح يسفر بعد ظلام الليل، وإن كانت هذه الصورة في بعض نواحيها أضوأ من صاحبتها، عند ما قال:
«تطلع الصبح من جوانبها»، ففي هذا التصوير نوع من الحياة، ولكنه بعيد كل البعد عن أن يصور حياة تكون كما صورتها الآية الكريمة، أما باقى الصورة التى ترسمها الأبيات فقد أخطأت في رسم هذه الظاهرة الطبيعية، فإن الشعر يصور لك أن الصبح لم يلبث أن أطل من الأفق، حتى مضى الليل مسرعا يهرول في جريه، كأنما قد أسفر الصبح ومضى الليل بين غمضة عين وانتباهتها، وذلك تصوير غير دقيق، لأن الليل ينحسر قليلا قليلا عن الصبح، حتى يتم أسفاره، كما أن النهار ينحسر قليلا قليلا، تاركا الكون لظلام الليل، وعبر القرآن عن ذلك في قوله سبحانه: وَآيَةٌ لَهُمُ اللَّيْلُ نَسْلَخُ مِنْهُ النَّهارَ فَإِذا هُمْ مُظْلِمُونَ (يس 37). فاستخدم كلمة السلخ لتوحى بما ذكرناه.
وعاد في شعره الثالث إلى الراكب، لا يلمح من جمال الصبح وبهجته سوى لونه، ونقدنا لهذا الشعر هو ما سبق أن أوضحناه.
4 - ووصف الرسول كتاب الله، كما وصف الله كتابه في القرآن، فقال النبى:
«إن أحسن الحديث كتاب الله، قد أفلح من زينة الله في قلبه، وأدخله في الإسلام بعد الكفر، واختاره على ما سواه من أحاديث الناس، إنه أصدق الحديث وأبلغه » وقال تعالى: اللَّهُ نَزَّلَ أَحْسَنَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتاباً مُتَشابِهاً مَثانِيَ تَقْشَعِرُّ مِنْهُ جُلُودُ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ ثُمَّ تَلِينُ جُلُودُهُمْ وَقُلُوبُهُمْ إِلى ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ ذلِكَ هُدَى اللَّهِ يَهْدِي بِهِ مَنْ يَشاءُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَما لَهُ مِنْ هادٍ (الزمر 23). وأنت ترى الفرق واضحا بين قوة الكلامين، والمنهجين، والاتجاهين.
5 - وصاغ أبو بكر جملة على مثال الجملة القرآنية، فقال من خطبــة له:
«واعلموا أن أكيس الكيس التقى » على مثال قوله تعالى: وَتَزَوَّدُوا فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الزَّادِ التَّقْوى (البقرة 197)، ولا ريب أن النص القرآنى، يصور تلك الرحلة التى ينتقل فيها الإنسان من الحياة الدنيا إلى الآخرة، وهى رحلة تنتهى بحياة خالدة يحتاج المرء فيها إلى زاد يعيش عليه، فتصوير التقوى بأنها خير زاد يوحى بذلك كله، كما يوحى بالحاجة إليها، كما يحتاج المسافر إلى ما يتزود به في غربته، ولم تزد جملة أبى بكر على أن وصفت التقوى بأنها أحكم ما يتصف به العقلاء، فلم توح الجملة إلى النفس بما أوحت به جملة القرآن. 6 - ومن كتاب أرسله أبو عبيدة ومعاذ بن جبل إلى عمر بن الخطاب: «إنّا نحذرك يوما تعنو فيه الوجوه وتجب فيه القلوب »، وقد وصف القرآن هذا اليوم، فقال: رِجالٌ لا تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجارَةٌ وَلا بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَإِقامِ الصَّلاةِ وَإِيتاءِ الزَّكاةِ يَخافُونَ يَوْماً تَتَقَلَّبُ فِيهِ الْقُلُوبُ وَالْأَبْصارُ (النور 37)، وكلمة «التقلب» فى الآية أشد دلالة على ما يصيب القلوب من الفزع والاضطراب في ذلك اليوم، من الوجيب، فضلا عما فى النص القرآنى من خلوصه من تكرير «فيه» الواردة في الرسالة.
7 - وعند ما يتأثر الشاعر القرآن، يبدو الفرق واضحا بين الأصل والتقليد، وأصغ إلى حسان يقول:
وهل يستوى ضلال قوم تسفهوا ... عمى، وهداة يهتدون بمهتد
أخذه من قوله سبحانه: قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الْأَعْمى وَالْبَصِيرُ أَمْ هَلْ تَسْتَوِي الظُّلُماتُ وَالنُّورُ (الرعد 16). فأنت ترى حسان يوازن بين ضلّال وهداة، وليس الفرق بينهما من الوضوح والقوة كالفرق بين الأعمى والبصير، والظلمات والنور، فالفرق هنا واضح ملموس، يشعر به الناس جميعا، حتى إذا اطمأنت النفس إلى هذا الفرق، وآمنت بأن هناك بونا شاسعا بينهما، انتقلت من ذلك إلى تبين مدى ما بين الضال والمهتدى من فرق بعيد.
8 - وقال حسان أيضا في رثاء رسول الله:
عزيز عليه أن يحيدوا عن الهدى ... حريص على أن يستقيموا ويهتدوا
أخذه من قوله تعالى: عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ ما عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَؤُفٌ رَحِيمٌ (التوبة 128). وقوة الآية القرآنية تبدو في إظهار نتيجة الحيد عن الهدى، وهى الهلاك والعذاب، وفي ذلك من التخويف لهم ما فيه، فهو يبرز هذه النتيجة كأنها حقيقة واقعة، تؤلم الرسول، وتثقل عليه، وتبدو هذه القوة أيضا في تعميم الحرص، فهو حريص على هدايتهم، حريص على خيرهم، حريص على أن يظفروا فى الآخرة بالثواب والنعيم المقيم، وكل ذلك وأكثر منه يفهم من قوله: «حريص عليكم»، أما حسان فقد خصص ولم يطلق.
9 - وقال حسان في غزوة بدر:
سرنا وساروا إلى بدر لحينهم ... لو يعلمون يقين العلم ما ساروا
دلاهمو بغرور، ثم أسلمهم ... إن الخبيث لمن ولاه غرار
وقال: إنى لكم جار، فأوردهم ... شر الموارد، فيه الخزى والعار ثم التقينا، فولوا عن سراتهم ... من منجدين، ومنهم فرقة غاروا
يستوحى ذلك من قوله تعالى: وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطانُ أَعْمالَهُمْ وَقالَ لا غالِبَ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَإِنِّي جارٌ لَكُمْ فَلَمَّا تَراءَتِ الْفِئَتانِ نَكَصَ عَلى عَقِبَيْهِ وَقالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْكُمْ إِنِّي أَرى ما لا تَرَوْنَ إِنِّي أَخافُ اللَّهَ وَاللَّهُ شَدِيدُ الْعِقابِ (الأنفال 48). وتأمل التصوير القوى البارع في القرآن لتزيين الشيطان أعمال الكافرين لهم، فإن القرآن قد نقل ذلك الحديث الذى أوحى به الشيطان إلى أوليائه وكيف ملأ قلبهم بالغرور، وهنا يجمل حسان، بينما يفصل القرآن، وفي هذا التفصيل سر الحياة، تلك الحياة التى ترينا الشيطان ناكصا على عقبيه، عند ما تراءت الفئتان، يبرأ من هؤلاء الذين غرهم بخداعه، وأسلمهم إلى الموت بكذبه وإيهامه، وهذه الحياة هى التى تنقص شعر حسان.
10 - وتأمل الفرق في الأسلوب، عند ما حور النابغة الجعدى أسلوب القرآن قليلا، فقال:
الحمد لله، لا شريك له ... من لم يقلها فنفسه ظلما
المولج الليل في النهار، وفي اللي ... ل نهارا، يفرج الظلما
فقد حور قوله سبحانه: يُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهارِ وَيُولِجُ النَّهارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ (الحج 61). فحذف المولج، وتقديم في الليل، وتنكير نهارا، والمجيء بجملة «يفرج الظلما»، كل ذلك أضعف أسلوب الشاعر، وباعد بينه وبين الأسلوب القوى للقرآن.
11 - وخذ قول الشاعر:
فإنك لا تدرى بأية بلدة ... تمت، ولا ما يحدث الله في غد
المستمد من قوله تعالى: وَما تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ ماذا تَكْسِبُ غَداً وَما تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ (لقمان 34)، تر التعميم في الآية الكريمة أكسبها فخامة وقوة، والتعبير بتكسب فيه تصريح بعجز النفس عن أن تعرف ما تعمله هى نفسها في الغد، وذلك ما لا تجده عند الشاعر الذى عمم فيما يحدثه الله في غد، ولم يكن لهذا التعميم ما للتخصيص من قوة التعجيز.
12 - وهذا الشعر الذى ينسب إلى حمزة في غزوة بدر، يتحدث عن الكفار:
أولئك قوم قتلوا في ضلالهم ... وخلوا لواء غير محتضر النصر
لواء ضلال قاد إبليس أهله ... فخاس بهم، إن الخبيث إلى غدر
فقال لهم إذ عاين الأمر واضحا: ... برئت إليكم، ما بى اليوم من صبر
فإنى أرى ما لا ترون، وإننى ... أخاف عقاب الله، والله ذو قسر
فقدمهم للحين، حتى تورطوا ... وكان بما لم يخبر القوم ذا خبر وهو يستوحى كحسان قوله تعالى: وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطانُ أَعْمالَهُمْ ... (الأنفال 48) فأى فرق شاسع بين الأسلوبين وبين التصويرين، فالأسلوب في الشعر متهاو ضعيف، بينما هو في الآية قوى رائع، يصور الشيطان وقد ملأ أفئدتهم إعجابا بأعمالهم، فاغتروا بها، وتكاد تستمع إلى وسوسته، وهو يؤكد لهم أنه لا غالب لهم اليوم من الناس ما دام جارا لهم، وتتخيله موليا الأدبار بعد أن تراءت الفئتان، وبدت أمام عينيه الهزيمة، فيسلم قومه إلى القتل، ويفر غادرا بهم، ويرن فى أذنك براءته منهم، معللا ذلك بأنه يرى ما لا يرون، وبأنه يخاف الله، وفي ذلك التصوير من التهكم بهم ما فيه.
أما الشعر فبيّن الضعف، يصف اللواء بأنه غير محتضر النصر. وقوله: إذ عاين الأمر واضحا، ليس بأسلوب شعرى. والفرق قوى بين: والله شديد العقاب، وقوله:
والله ذو قسر، وأنت ترى أنه برغم أن المعنى قد أوضحه القرآن، لم يستطع الشاعر أن ينهض إلى مستوى رفيع.
... وللباقلانى منهج في الموازنة، يبين به فضل كتاب الله، هو «أن تنظر أولا في نظم القرآن، ثم في شىء من كلام النبى صلّى الله عليه وسلم، فتعرف الفصل بين النظمين، والفرق بين الكلامين، فإن تبين لك الفصل، ووقعت على جلية الأمر، وحقيقة الفرق، فقد أدركت الغرض، وصادفت المقصد، وإن لم تفهم الفرق، ولم تقع على الفصل، فلا بدّ لك من التقليد، وعلمت أنك من جملة العامة، وأن سبيلك سبيل من هو خارج عن أهل اللسان »، ثم أورد الباقلانى بعض خطب الرسول وكتبه، وعلق عليها بقوله: «ولا أطول عليك، وأقتصر على ما ألقيته إليك، فإن كان لك في الصنعة خطر ... فما أحسب أن يشتبه عليك الفرق بين براعة القرآن، وبين ما نسخناه لك من كلام الرسول صلّى الله عليه وسلم في خطبــه ورسائله، وما عساك تسمعه من كلامه، ويتساقط إليك من ألفاظه، وأقدر أنك ترى بين الكلامين بونا بعيدا، وأمدا مديدا، وميدانا واسعا، ومكانا شاسعا  ... ».
«فإذا أردت زيادة في التبيين ... فتأمل (هداك الله) ما ننسخه لك من خطب الصحابة والبلغاء، لتعلم أن نسجها ونسج ما نقلنا من خطب النبى صلّى الله عليه وسلم واحد وسبكها سبك غير مختلف، وإنما يقع بين كلامه وكلام غيره ما يقع من التفاوت بين كلام الفصيحين، وبين شعر الشاعرين ... فإذا عرفت أن جميع كلام الآدمى منهاج، ولجملته طريق، وتبينت ما يمكن فيه من التفاوت- نظرت إلى نظم القرآن نظرة أخرى، وتأملته مرة ثانية، فترى بعد موقعه وعالى محله وموضعه  ... » ثم يورد بعض خطب البلغاء وكتبهم، ويقول: «تأمل ذلك وسائر ما هو مسطر من الأخبار المأثورة عن السلف وأهل البيان واللسن، والفصاحة والفطن ... فسيقع لك الفضل بين كلام الناس وبين كلام رب العالمين، وتعلم أن نظم القرآن يخالف نظم كلام الآدميين ... فإن خيل إليك، أو شبه عليك، وظننت أنه يحتاج أن يوازن بين نظم الشعر والقرآن، لأن الشعر أفصح من الــخطبــ، وأبرع من الرسائل وأدق مسلكا من جميع أصناف المحاورات ... فتأمل ما نرتبه ينكشف لك الحق: إذا أردنا تحقيق ما ضمناه لك فمن سبيلنا أن نعمد إلى قصيدة متفق على كبر محلها وصحة نظمها، وجودة بلاغتها ومعانيها، وإجماعهم على إبداع صاحبها فيها، مع كونه من الموصوفين بالتقدم في الصناعة، والمعروفين بالحذق في البراعة، فنقفك على مواضع خللها، وعلى تفاوت نظمها، وعلى اختلاف فصولها، وعلى كثرة فضولها، وعلى شدة تعسفها، وبعض تكلفها، وما تجمع من كلام رفيع يقرن بينه، وبين كلام وضيع، وبين لفظ سوقى يقرن بلفظ ملوكى  ... » ثم عرض تطبيقا على منهجه معلقة امرئ القيس، وأخذ يبين ما فيها من مجال النقص، ووجوه العيب، ثم قال: «وقد بينا لك أن هذه القصيدة ونظائرها تتفاوت في أبياتها تفاوتا بينا في الجودة والرداءة، والسلاسة والانعقاد، والسلامة والانحلال، والتمكن والتسهل، والاسترسال والتوحش والاستكراه، وله شركاء في نظائرها، ومنازعون فى محاسنها، ومعارضون في بدائعها، ولا سواء كلام ينحت من الصخر تارة، ويذوب تارة، ويتلون تلون الحرباء، ويختلف اختلاف الأهواء، ويكثر في تصرفه اضطرابه، وتتقاذف به أسبابه، وبين قول يجرى في سبكه على نظام، وفي رصفه على منهاج، وفي وضعه على حد، وفي صفائه على باب، وفي بهجته ورونقه على طريق، مختلفه مؤتلف، ومؤتلفه متحد، ومتباعده متقارب وشارده مطيع، ومطيعه شارد، وهو على متصرفاته واحد، لا يستصعب في حال، ولا يتعقد في شأن ».
ذلك هو منهج الباقلانى في الموازنات.
... وإن مجال الموازنات لمتسع بين القرآن والشعر عند ما يكون الموضوع واحدا، فقد تحدث القرآن والشعر عن كثير من الغزوات ولم يستطع الشعر برغم تقليده في كثير من الأحيان للقرآن أن يصل إلى السمو القرآنى، وأن يتناول شتى الأغراض التى تنتظم شئون الجماعة الإسلامية، فى حين أن الشعر الذى تحدث عن هذه الغزوات ضعيف في جملته لا يخرج عن أغراض الشعر المعروفة يومئذ من مدح أو هجاء أو فخر أو رثاء. 
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Entries related to the term الخطبة from Arabic dictionaries:

الخطبة

الــخطبــة: بالكسر، هيئة الحال فيما بين الخاطب والمخطوبة التي النطق عنها هو الــخطبــة بالضم، ذكره الحرالي. وبالضم الكلام المنظوم المتضمن شرح خطب عظيم. وكانوا لا يــخطبــون إلا في الأمور العظام فسمي كل كلام يتضمن شرح خطبــة، ذكره أبو البقاء.
الــخطبــة:
[في الانكليزية] Sermon
[ في الفرنسية] Sermon
بالضّمّ هي عبارة عن كلام مشتمل على البسملة والحمدلة والثناء على الله تعالى بما هو أهله والصلاة على النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم وتكون في أول الكلام. ثم خطبــة المنابر غير خطبــة الدفاتر لأنّ خطبــة المنابر تشتمل على ما ذكرنا مع اشتمالها على الوصيّة بالتقوى والوعظ والتذكير ونحو ذلك، بخلاف خطبــة الدفاتر فإنّها بخلاف ذلك كذا في العيني شرح صحيح البخاري في شرح الحديث الأول.
اعلم أنّ خطبــة الكتب إن ألحقت بها بعد تصنيفها وتأليفها بأن ألّف المؤلف كتابه أولا ثم ألحقه الــخطبــة تسمّى خطبــة إلحاقية، وإن كتب أولا ثم ألف الكتاب تسمّى خطبــة ابتدائية.
الــخطبــة: بالكسر طلبُ المرأة للزواج، وبالضم عرفاً: كلامٌ منثور مؤلف به التخاطب مشتملٌ على البسملة والحمدلة والثناء على الله تعالى والصلاة على النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - وغير ذلك، وخُطبــةُ المنابر يشتمل أيضاً على الوصية بالتقوى والوعظِ والتذكير والدعاء وغير ذلك، وخطبــةُ الحاجة ما يــخطب به قبل الحاجة كالنكاح وغير ذلك.
والــخُطَب كثيرةٌ كــخطبــة الجمعة والعيدين والاستسقاء والكسوفُ والنكاح وختم القرآن وغير ذلك، ويجب في الجميع الاستماع كذا في "الدر". وفي "جامع الرموز" "الــخطبــة فعلة بمعنى المفعول من الــخطب وهو في الأصل كلامٌ بين الاثنين". وفي "البحر": "أما الــخطبــة فتشتمل على فرض وسنةٍ، فالفرض فشيئان الوقت وذكرُ الله، وأما سننها فخمسة عشر" إلخ. وفي المسوَّى جون خطب آنحضرت - صلى الله عليه وسلم - وخلفاء وهلم جرا ملاحظة كرديم تنقيح آن وجود جند جيز ست حمد وشهادتين وصلاة بعد آنحضرت - صلى الله عليه وسلم - وأمرٌ بتقوى وتلاوةُ آية ودعا برأي مسلمين ومسلمات وعربي بودن خطبــة نيز بهجت عمل مستمر مسلمين در مشارق ومغارب باوجود آنكة در بسياري از أقاليم مخاطبان عجمي بودند.
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