حمس
1 حَمِسَ,
aor. ـَ (
S,
A,
K,)
inf. n. حَمَسٌ (
S) and حَمَاسَةٌ, (
Ham p. 2,) He was, or became, hard, firm, strong, strict, or rigorous, in religion, and in fight, (
S,
A,
K,) and in courage, (
TA,) and in an affair. (
Ham p. 2) [See also 5.]
b2: (
tropical:) It (an affair, or a case,
TA) was, or became, severe, rigorous, distressful, or afflictive: (
K,
TA:) and (
tropical:) it (war, or the clamour thereof, الوَغَى,) was, or became, hot, (
A,
TA,) or vehement. (
TA.)
b3: حَمَسَ,
aor. ـِ
inf. n. حَمْسٌ, He (a man) was, or became, courageous. (
Sb,
TA.) 5 تحمّس He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, firmness, strictness, or rigour, (
S,
A,
Mgh,) in his religion. (
A,
Mgh,
K.)
b2: He (a man) feigned disobedience;
syn. تَعَاصَى. (
S,
TA.)
b3: He protected, or defended, himself, (
syn. تَحَرَّمَ,) بِهِ by means of him. (
Sh,
TA.) 6 تحامسوا They vied with, strove to surpass, or contended for superiority with, one another in strength, (تَشَادّوا,) and fought one another. (
TA.) حَمِسٌ: see أَحْمَسُ, in three places.
حَمَاسٌ Hardness; firmness; strength: defence: conflict. (
TA.) [See also حَمَاسَةٌ.]
حَمِيسٌ Vehement. (
TS,
K.) So in the saying of Ru-beh, لَا قَيْنَ مِنْهُ حَمَسًا حَمِيسَا [They experienced from it vehement strength]: (
TS,
TA:) or, as
Az says, strength and courage. (
TA.)
b2: See also أَحْمَسُ, in two places.
حَمَاسةٌ Courage: (
S,
K,
TA:) defence: conflict. [See also حَمِسَ.]
أَحْمَسُ Hard, firm, strong, strict, or rigorous, in religion, and in fight, (
S,
K,) and in courage; (
TA;) as also ↓ حَمِسٌ: (
S,
K:)
pl. of the former, حُمْسٌ. (
K.)
b2: Hence, A pious man, who carefully abstains from unlawful things: because he exceeds the usual bounds in matters of religion, and is hard to himself; as also ↓ مُتَحَمِّسٌ. (
TA.)
b3: Sing. of الحُمْسُ, (
Mgh,) which latter is an
epithet applied to The tribes of Kureysh (
S,
A,
K) and Kináneh (
S,
K) and Jedeeleh, (
K,) i. e. Jedeeleh of Keys, consisting of [the tribes of] Fahm and and 'Adwán the two sons of 'Amr the son of Keys the son of 'Eylán, and the Benoo- 'Ámir Ibn-Saasa'ah, (
AHeyth,
TA,) and their followers in the Time of Ignorance; (
K;) or to Kureysh and their coreligionists; (
Mgh;) because of the hardships which they imposed upon themselves in matters of religion, (
S,
A,
Mgh,
K,) as well as in courage, (
TA,) for they used not to enjoy the shade in the days of Minè, nor to enter the houses by their doors, (
S,
Mgh,
TA,) while they were in the state of إِحْرَام, (
TA,) nor to clarify butter, nor to pick up [dung such as is called] جَلَّة, (
S,
L,) or بَعْر, (
TA,) [for fuel,] and they dwelt in the Haram, (
AHeyth,
TA,) and did not go forth in the days of the مَوْسِم to 'Arafát, but halted at El-Muzdelifeh, (
AHeyth,
Mgh,
TA,) saying, “ We are the people of God, and we go not forth from the Haram: ” (
AHeyth,
TA:) or they were thus called because they made their abode in the Haram: (
Sgh,
TA:) or because they betook themselves for refuge to the حَمْسَآء (الحَمْسَآءُ), which is the Kaabeh, so called because its stones are white inclining to blackness: (
K:) the Benoo-'Ámir were of the حُمْس, though not of the inhabitants of the Haram, because their mother was of the tribe of Kureysh: the term الأَحْمَاسُ also, [
pl. of ↓ حَمِسٌ or of ↓ حَمِيسٌ,] is applied to those of the Arabs whose mothers were of the tribe of Kureysh. (
TA.)
b4: Also Courageous; (
Sb,
S,
K;) and so ↓ حَمِيسٌ and ↓ حَمِسٌ: (
K:)
pl. [of the first,
masc. only,] أَحَامِسُ and [
masc. and
fem.]
حُمْسٌ and [of the second or third] أَحْمَاسٌ. (
TA.) الأَحَامِسُ is also said to be applied to The tribe of Kureysh: or,
accord. to some, to the Benoo-'Ámir, because descendants of Kureysh: the former is said by
IAar. (
TA.)
b5: Hence, (
A,
TA,) وَقَعَ فِى هِنْدِ الأَحَامِسِ, (
A,
TS,
K,) or لَقِىَ هِنْدَ الأَحَامِسِ, (
L,) (
tropical:) He fell into distress (
A,
L) and trial: (
A:) or into calamity: (
K:) or he died: (
K:) or the latter phrase has this last meaning. (
ISd,
A, and
TA in art. هند.) هِنْدٌ was the name of a courageous people of the Arabs. (
A,
TA.)
b6: عَامٌ أَحْمَسُ, (
S,
A,
K,) and سَنَةٌ حَمْسَآءُ, (
K,) (
tropical:) A severe year. (
S,
A,
K.) They say also سِنُونَ أَحَامِسُ (
tropical:) Severe years: (
K:) the
masc. form [of the
epithet] being used because by سنون is meant أَعْوَامٌ; or the
epithet being used after the manner of a
subst.: (
ISd,
TA:) and سِنُونَ حُمْسٌ signifies the same: (
K:) or the latter, years of hunger. (
Az,
TA.)
b7: نَجْدَةٌ حَمْسَآءُ (assumed
tropical:) Vehement [courage, or fight, &c.]. (
TA.)
b8: مَكَانٌ أَحْمَسُ (
tropical:) A hard place: (
S,
K:) or a rugged and hard place: (
A:)
pl. أَمْكِنَةٌ حُمْسٌ. (
K.) You say also أَرْضٌ أَحَامِسُ, with the
pl., meaning, (
tropical:) A sterile, barren, or unfruitful, and narrow, land: (
A:) or a land in which is no herbage nor pasturage nor rain nor anything. (
TA.) and أَرَضُونَ أَحَامِسُ (
tropical:) Sterile, barren, or unfruitful, lands. (
S,
L.) مُتَحَمِّسٌ: see أَحْمسُ, second signification.
